Article(id=1217471085486981203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1217471079325549522, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250538, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1752336000000, receivedDateStr=2025-07-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1755619200000, acceptedDateStr=2025-08-20, onlineDate=1768197326299, onlineDateStr=2026-01-12, pubDate=1767456000000, pubDateStr=2026-01-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1768197326299, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-12, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1768197326299, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768197326299, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1217471079325549522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2026', volume='66', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='475', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1768197324830, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768198886678, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1217477630291530315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1217471079325549522, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1217477630291530316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1217471079325549522, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=352, endPage=363, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1217471085713473634, articleId=1217471085486981203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Dual pathways of importin α/β and importin β mediate the nuclear translocation of the structural protein VP1 of Junonia coeniadensovirus, columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] We explored the nuclear translocation dynamics and pathways of the structural protein VP1 of Junonia coenia densovirus (JcDV) in the epidermal cell line HaEpi derived from the larvae of Helicoverpa armigera, aiming to provide theoretical support for clarifying the assembly and proliferation processes of JcDV. [Methods] The wild-type and mutant plasmids of VP1 protein fused with green fluorescent protein (GFP) were constructed and transfected into HaEpi cells. Subsequently, the subcellular localization dynamics of the VP1 protein were analyzed, and the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and key amino acid residues of the protein were identified. The importin genes expressed by HaEpi cells were cloned. Subsequently, the plasmids of importins fused with DsRed2 were constructed to analyze their subcellular localization. The co-localization and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays were employed to analyze the interactions between VP1 protein and importins. [Results] The VP1 protein was located in the cytoplasm at 6 h post transfection, and then gradually translocated to the nucleus until 48 h. The NLS of VP1 protein was located at 325-EGTKRKADTPVEEGPSKKGAH-345, among which K328, R329, K341 were the key amino acid residues affecting the nuclear localization. The importins Haimpα1, Haimpα4, and Haimpα7 were located in the nucleus, while Haimpβ1 was mainly located around the nuclear membrane. The co-localization and Co-IP results indicated that the VP1 protein interacted with Haimpα1, Haimpα4, and Haimpβ1 but not with Haimpα7. [Conclusion] The structural protein VP1 of JcDV can be translocated into the nucleus through the dual pathways of importin α/β and importin β.

, correspAuthors=Zuwen CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail:
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【目的】 分析鹿眼蛱蝶浓核病毒(Junonia coenia densovirus, JcDV)结构蛋白VP1在棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)表皮细胞系HaEpi内的入核转运动态及转运途径,为明确JcDV的装配与增殖过程提供理论依据。 【方法】 构建与绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescent protein, GFP)融合表达的VP1野生型、突变体质粒,转染至HaEpi细胞内,分析VP1的亚细胞定位动态特征,鉴定核定位信号(nuclear localization signal, NLS)及关键氨基酸残基;克隆HaEpi细胞表达的入核转运受体基因,构建与红色荧光蛋白DsRed2融合表达的质粒,分析其亚细胞定位;采用共定位、免疫共沉淀(co-immunoprecipitation, Co-IP)技术分析VP1与入核转运受体的相互作用。 【结果】 转染后6 h,VP1定位于细胞质内,之后直至48 h逐渐转运至细胞核内;VP1的NLS位于325-EGTKRKADTPVEEGPSKKGAH-345,其中K328、R329、K341是影响核定位的关键氨基酸残基。入核转运受体Haimpα1、Haimpα4、Haimpα7定位于细胞核内,而Haimpβ1主要位于细胞核膜周围。共定位与Co-IP结果表明,VP1与Haimpα1、Haimpα4、Haimpβ1存在相互作用,但与Haimpα7无相互作用。 【结论】 JcDV结构蛋白VP1可通过importin α/β和importin β双重途径转运入核。

, correspAuthors=谌祖文, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=mPX+lD2eQzQEbxMKzrfmFA==, magXml=e4xv1tgY+nj6B5nAvWKZNw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=XauEIuc3yfbghmXeOfqVQQ==, pdfFileSize=1822220, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=w5UMdMX7y1BHwJOw5oz9vQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=LZV93KQTSrC6xmvbet5+zA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

作者贡献声明

彭倩:实验操作、数据处理与分析、论文撰写与修改;谢田:实验操作、数据分析;邱欣妍:实验操作、数据收集;陈振中:协助实验操作、监督管理;傅悦:协助实验操作、论文讨论;谌祖文:提供资源、研究构思与设计、论文撰写与修改。

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Journal of General Virology, 2013, 94(Pt 6): 1335-1342., articleTitle=Identification and characterization of complex dual nuclear localization signals in human bocavirus NP1: identification and characterization of complex dual nuclear localization signals in human bocavirus NP1, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226557154270818690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=95, issue=17, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[43], rfOrder=45, authorNames=LABADIE T, GARCIA D, MUTUEL D, OGLIASTRO M, CAMBRAY G, journalName=Journal of Virology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LABADIE T, GARCIA D, MUTUEL D, OGLIASTRO M, CAMBRAY G. Capsid proteins are necessary for replication of a parvovirus[J]. Journal of Virology, 2021, 95(17): e0052321., articleTitle=Capsid proteins are necessary for replication of a parvovirus, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1226557145437614129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, awardId=32070483, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070483), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1226557145555054643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, awardId=32070483, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(32070483), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1226557145689272379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, awardId=202141404, language=EN, fundingSource=Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains(202141404), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1226557145848655938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, awardId=202141404, language=CN, fundingSource=大别山特色资源开发湖北省协同创新中心开放基金(202141404), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1226557145987067977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, awardId=20120220267, language=EN, fundingSource=Census Project of Agricultural Alien Invasive Species in Macheng(20120220267), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1226557146108702801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, awardId=20120220267, language=CN, fundingSource=麻城市农业外来入侵物种普查项目(20120220267), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1226557136109482639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226557136117871248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, companyId=1226557136109482639, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, Hubei, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226557136122065553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, companyId=1226557136109482639, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.黄冈师范学院 生物与农业资源学院,湖北 黄冈)]), AuthorCompany(id=1226557136222728861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226557136231117469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, companyId=1226557136222728861, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang, Hubei, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226557136239506078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, companyId=1226557136222728861, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.经济林木种质改良与资源综合利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北 黄冈)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1226557141847290838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Observation of subcellular localization of VP1 and detection of overexpressed VP1. A: The subcellular localization of VP1 in HaEpi cells at 0-48 h. B: The detection of overexpressed VP1 in HaEpi cells (Lane Marker: PageRuler Prestained Protein Ladder; Lane Mock: The blank control; Lane Flag-VP1: Transfected with Flag-VP1 plasmid).* Modified Flag-VP1., figureFileSmall=X2coBwy7UnKYCGOWXAoDXw==, figureFileBig=2LPQMUHRK/unPD5+h8P4HQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226557142006674392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=CN, label=图1, caption=VP1的亚细胞定位观察与超表达检测。*:发生修饰的Flag-VP1。, figureFileSmall=X2coBwy7UnKYCGOWXAoDXw==, figureFileBig=2LPQMUHRK/unPD5+h8P4HQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226557142166057953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Subcellular localization of VP1 mutants with NLS deletion and alanine replacement., figureFileSmall=YdCtJJqO1CUdLd8Ca4dzzw==, figureFileBig=4uFblS6vyU8L2TnxktFOeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226557142283498471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=CN, label=图2, caption=NLS缺失与丙氨酸替换VP1突变体的亚细胞定位, figureFileSmall=YdCtJJqO1CUdLd8Ca4dzzw==, figureFileBig=4uFblS6vyU8L2TnxktFOeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226557142400938992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Observation of subcellular localization of the importins., figureFileSmall=gVZkHYsgTwh1ye8Xl+efGQ==, figureFileBig=yHaEXe/SVgWjprgUL9wl8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226557142551933945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=CN, label=图3, caption=入核转运受体的亚细胞定位观察, figureFileSmall=gVZkHYsgTwh1ye8Xl+efGQ==, figureFileBig=yHaEXe/SVgWjprgUL9wl8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226557144087049214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Colocalization of VP1 protein and the importins., figureFileSmall=XGyvcH5m8yIU6FaBCjNSsg==, figureFileBig=1CncvMA/J1MRQm77Ud5RCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226557144246431749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=CN, label=图4, caption=VP1与入核转运受体的共定位, figureFileSmall=XGyvcH5m8yIU6FaBCjNSsg==, figureFileBig=1CncvMA/J1MRQm77Ud5RCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226557144426786825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Co-IP detection of VP1 protein and the importins. HaEpi cells were co-transfected with Flag-VP1 plasmid and a plasmid expressing GFP-tagged importin Haimpα1 (A), Haimpα4 (B), Haimpα7 (C), or Haimpβ1 (D). After transfection for 48 h, the cell lysates were subjected to immunoprecipitation with Anti-Flag antibody, followed by Western blotting with Anti-Flag antibody and Anti-GFP antibody, respectively., figureFileSmall=NhxDUwDPWz6jwSowbU2hXA==, figureFileBig=m3c7YuwDcwnzFj1JSdypAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226557144661667855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=CN, label=图5, caption=VP1与入核转运受体的Co-IP检测, figureFileSmall=NhxDUwDPWz6jwSowbU2hXA==, figureFileBig=m3c7YuwDcwnzFj1JSdypAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226557144816857111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Primers used in this study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ConstructsPrimer sequences (5ʹ→3ʹ)
VP1-GFPForward: CGGAATTCGCCACCATGTCTTTCTACACGGCCGGGTTAATAC
Reverse: CGGGATCCCGTCCACCTCCACCTCCAACGTTACCAAGAGTAGCTCCATTAC
Flag-VP1Forward: GGGGTACCGCCACCATGGATTACAAGGACGACGATGACAAGATGTCTTTCTACACGG CCGGGTTAATAC
Reverse: CGGGATCCTTAAACGTTACCAAGAGTAGCTCCATTAC
VP1∆NLS-GFPForward: GATTCACCGATGTCAAACGCTCCACATAACTCGCAAGGTAC
Reverse: TGACATCGGTGAATCTGAAAGAGTTTGTTCTTC
VP1K328A-GFPForward: CACCGATGTCAGAGGGAACAGCACGTAAAGCTG
Reverse: GCTGTTCCCTCTGACATCGGTGAATCTGAAAG
VP1R329A-GFPForward: CGATGTCAGAGGGAACAAAAGCTAAAGCTGATAC
Reverse: GCTTTTGTTCCCTCTGACATCGGTGAATCTG
VP1K330A-GFPForward: TGTCAGAGGGAACAAAACGTGCAGCTGATACTC
Reverse: GCACGTTTTGTTCCCTCTGACATCGGTGAATC
VP1K341A-GFPForward: CTGTTGAAGAAGGTCCTTCTGCAAAAGGTGCTC
Reverse: GCAGAAGGACCTTCTTCAACAGGAGTATCAGC
VP1K342A-GFPForward: AAGCAGGTGCTCATAACGCTCCACATAAC
Reverse: CCTGCTTTAGAAGGACCTTCTTCAACAGGAG
Haimpα1-DsRed2Forward: CGGAATTCGCCACCATGTCTGAAAAAACTCATTCTTCACG
Reverse: GGGGTACCGTTCCACCTCCACCTCCAAAGTTAATATTTTGATTGCCTGTAGTTCC
Haimpα4-DsRed2Forward: CGGAATTCGCCACCATGGCGACTGATCAAGTGAAGAACCGC
Reverse: GGGGTACCGTTCCACCTCCACCTCCGAAGCGGAAGCCCTCGTGCGGGCCGGCGG
Haimpα7-DsRed2Forward: GGGGTACCGCCACCATGTCTGGTGGACACAAACATCGTTAC
Reverse: CGGGATCCCGTCCACCTCCACCTCCGAATTGGAAGCCACCCATTGGAACAGATTG
Haimpβ1-DsRed2Forward: GGGGTACCGCCACCATGCATACGGAAACGACATTAACAC
Reverse: CGGGATCCCGTCCACCTCCACCTCCGCTAGTGAGAGGCGTCTGATGCTTGAGC
Haimpα1-GFPForward: GGGGTACCGCCACCATGTCTGAAAAAACTCATTCTTCACG
Reverse: CGGGATCCCGTCCACCTCCACCTCCAAAGTTAATATTTTGATTGCCTGTAGTTC
Haimpα4-GFPForward: CGGAATTCGCCACCATGGCGACTGATCAAGTGAAGAACCGC
Reverse: GGGGTACCGTTCCACCTCCACCTCCGAAGCGGAAGCCCTCGTGCGGGCCGGCGG
Haimpα7-GFPForward: GGGGTACCGCCACCATGTCTGGTGGACACAAACATCGTTAC
Reverse: CGGGATCCCGTCCACCTCCACCTCCGAATTGGAAGCCACCCATTGGAACAGATTG
Haimpβ1-GFPForward: GGGGTACCGCCACCATGCATACGGAAACGACATTAACACTTATAC
Reverse: CGGGATCCCGTCCACCTCCACCTCCGCTAGTGAGAGGCGTCTGATGCTTGAGCTTG
), ArticleFig(id=1226557144896548890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

本研究中使用的引物

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ConstructsPrimer sequences (5ʹ→3ʹ)
VP1-GFPForward: CGGAATTCGCCACCATGTCTTTCTACACGGCCGGGTTAATAC
Reverse: CGGGATCCCGTCCACCTCCACCTCCAACGTTACCAAGAGTAGCTCCATTAC
Flag-VP1Forward: GGGGTACCGCCACCATGGATTACAAGGACGACGATGACAAGATGTCTTTCTACACGG CCGGGTTAATAC
Reverse: CGGGATCCTTAAACGTTACCAAGAGTAGCTCCATTAC
VP1∆NLS-GFPForward: GATTCACCGATGTCAAACGCTCCACATAACTCGCAAGGTAC
Reverse: TGACATCGGTGAATCTGAAAGAGTTTGTTCTTC
VP1K328A-GFPForward: CACCGATGTCAGAGGGAACAGCACGTAAAGCTG
Reverse: GCTGTTCCCTCTGACATCGGTGAATCTGAAAG
VP1R329A-GFPForward: CGATGTCAGAGGGAACAAAAGCTAAAGCTGATAC
Reverse: GCTTTTGTTCCCTCTGACATCGGTGAATCTG
VP1K330A-GFPForward: TGTCAGAGGGAACAAAACGTGCAGCTGATACTC
Reverse: GCACGTTTTGTTCCCTCTGACATCGGTGAATC
VP1K341A-GFPForward: CTGTTGAAGAAGGTCCTTCTGCAAAAGGTGCTC
Reverse: GCAGAAGGACCTTCTTCAACAGGAGTATCAGC
VP1K342A-GFPForward: AAGCAGGTGCTCATAACGCTCCACATAAC
Reverse: CCTGCTTTAGAAGGACCTTCTTCAACAGGAG
Haimpα1-DsRed2Forward: CGGAATTCGCCACCATGTCTGAAAAAACTCATTCTTCACG
Reverse: GGGGTACCGTTCCACCTCCACCTCCAAAGTTAATATTTTGATTGCCTGTAGTTCC
Haimpα4-DsRed2Forward: CGGAATTCGCCACCATGGCGACTGATCAAGTGAAGAACCGC
Reverse: GGGGTACCGTTCCACCTCCACCTCCGAAGCGGAAGCCCTCGTGCGGGCCGGCGG
Haimpα7-DsRed2Forward: GGGGTACCGCCACCATGTCTGGTGGACACAAACATCGTTAC
Reverse: CGGGATCCCGTCCACCTCCACCTCCGAATTGGAAGCCACCCATTGGAACAGATTG
Haimpβ1-DsRed2Forward: GGGGTACCGCCACCATGCATACGGAAACGACATTAACAC
Reverse: CGGGATCCCGTCCACCTCCACCTCCGCTAGTGAGAGGCGTCTGATGCTTGAGC
Haimpα1-GFPForward: GGGGTACCGCCACCATGTCTGAAAAAACTCATTCTTCACG
Reverse: CGGGATCCCGTCCACCTCCACCTCCAAAGTTAATATTTTGATTGCCTGTAGTTC
Haimpα4-GFPForward: CGGAATTCGCCACCATGGCGACTGATCAAGTGAAGAACCGC
Reverse: GGGGTACCGTTCCACCTCCACCTCCGAAGCGGAAGCCCTCGTGCGGGCCGGCGG
Haimpα7-GFPForward: GGGGTACCGCCACCATGTCTGGTGGACACAAACATCGTTAC
Reverse: CGGGATCCCGTCCACCTCCACCTCCGAATTGGAAGCCACCCATTGGAACAGATTG
Haimpβ1-GFPForward: GGGGTACCGCCACCATGCATACGGAAACGACATTAACACTTATAC
Reverse: CGGGATCCCGTCCACCTCCACCTCCGCTAGTGAGAGGCGTCTGATGCTTGAGCTTG
), ArticleFig(id=1226557144993017886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

NLS prediction of VP1 proteins for all members of Protoambidensovirus

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SpeciesVirusNLS sequence of VP1Position (AA)
Diatraea saccharalis densovirusDsDV (NC_001899)ESTKRKADTPAEETPSKKGAH325-345
Galleria mellonella densovirusGmDV (NC_004286)EATKRKADSPAVETPAKKGTT326-346
Helicoverpa armigera densovirusHaDV (JQ894784)EATKRKADTPAEEGPSKKGAH325-345
Junonia coenia densovirusJcDV (KC883978)EGTKRKADTPVEEGPSKKGAH325-345
Mythimna loreyi densovirusMlDV (NC_005341)EPTKRKAGSSAAETPAKKGAT326-346
Pseudoplusia includens densovirusPiDV (NC_019492)EGTKRKADSPVEEGPSKKGAH325-345
), ArticleFig(id=1226557145106264099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1217471085486981203, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

Protoambidensovirus属所有成员VP1NLS预测

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SpeciesVirusNLS sequence of VP1Position (AA)
Diatraea saccharalis densovirusDsDV (NC_001899)ESTKRKADTPAEETPSKKGAH325-345
Galleria mellonella densovirusGmDV (NC_004286)EATKRKADSPAVETPAKKGTT326-346
Helicoverpa armigera densovirusHaDV (JQ894784)EATKRKADTPAEEGPSKKGAH325-345
Junonia coenia densovirusJcDV (KC883978)EGTKRKADTPVEEGPSKKGAH325-345
Mythimna loreyi densovirusMlDV (NC_005341)EPTKRKAGSSAAETPAKKGAT326-346
Pseudoplusia includens densovirusPiDV (NC_019492)EGTKRKADSPVEEGPSKKGAH325-345
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Importin α/βimportin β双重途径介导鹿眼蛱蝶浓核病毒结构蛋白VP1入核转运
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彭倩 1, 2 , 谢田 1 , 邱欣妍 1 , 陈振中 1, 2 , 傅悦 1, 2 , 谌祖文 1, 2, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2026,66(1): 352-363
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2026, 66(1): 352-363
Importin α/βimportin β双重途径介导鹿眼蛱蝶浓核病毒结构蛋白VP1入核转运
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彭倩1, 2, 谢田1, 邱欣妍1, 陈振中1, 2, 傅悦1, 2, 谌祖文1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.黄冈师范学院 生物与农业资源学院,湖北 黄冈
  • 2.经济林木种质改良与资源综合利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北 黄冈
Dual pathways of importin α/β and importin β mediate the nuclear translocation of the structural protein VP1 of Junonia coeniadensovirus
Qian PENG1, 2, Tian XIE1, Xinyan QIU1, Zhenzhong CHEN1, 2, Yue FU1, 2, Zuwen CHEN1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, Hubei, China
  • 2.Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang, Hubei, China
出版时间: 2026-01-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250538
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【目的】 分析鹿眼蛱蝶浓核病毒(Junonia coenia densovirus, JcDV)结构蛋白VP1在棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)表皮细胞系HaEpi内的入核转运动态及转运途径,为明确JcDV的装配与增殖过程提供理论依据。 【方法】 构建与绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescent protein, GFP)融合表达的VP1野生型、突变体质粒,转染至HaEpi细胞内,分析VP1的亚细胞定位动态特征,鉴定核定位信号(nuclear localization signal, NLS)及关键氨基酸残基;克隆HaEpi细胞表达的入核转运受体基因,构建与红色荧光蛋白DsRed2融合表达的质粒,分析其亚细胞定位;采用共定位、免疫共沉淀(co-immunoprecipitation, Co-IP)技术分析VP1与入核转运受体的相互作用。 【结果】 转染后6 h,VP1定位于细胞质内,之后直至48 h逐渐转运至细胞核内;VP1的NLS位于325-EGTKRKADTPVEEGPSKKGAH-345,其中K328、R329、K341是影响核定位的关键氨基酸残基。入核转运受体Haimpα1、Haimpα4、Haimpα7定位于细胞核内,而Haimpβ1主要位于细胞核膜周围。共定位与Co-IP结果表明,VP1与Haimpα1、Haimpα4、Haimpβ1存在相互作用,但与Haimpα7无相互作用。 【结论】 JcDV结构蛋白VP1可通过importin α/β和importin β双重途径转运入核。

浓核病毒  /  结构蛋白  /  核定位信号  /  入核转运受体  /  入核转运途径

[Objective] We explored the nuclear translocation dynamics and pathways of the structural protein VP1 of Junonia coenia densovirus (JcDV) in the epidermal cell line HaEpi derived from the larvae of Helicoverpa armigera, aiming to provide theoretical support for clarifying the assembly and proliferation processes of JcDV. [Methods] The wild-type and mutant plasmids of VP1 protein fused with green fluorescent protein (GFP) were constructed and transfected into HaEpi cells. Subsequently, the subcellular localization dynamics of the VP1 protein were analyzed, and the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and key amino acid residues of the protein were identified. The importin genes expressed by HaEpi cells were cloned. Subsequently, the plasmids of importins fused with DsRed2 were constructed to analyze their subcellular localization. The co-localization and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays were employed to analyze the interactions between VP1 protein and importins. [Results] The VP1 protein was located in the cytoplasm at 6 h post transfection, and then gradually translocated to the nucleus until 48 h. The NLS of VP1 protein was located at 325-EGTKRKADTPVEEGPSKKGAH-345, among which K328, R329, K341 were the key amino acid residues affecting the nuclear localization. The importins Haimpα1, Haimpα4, and Haimpα7 were located in the nucleus, while Haimpβ1 was mainly located around the nuclear membrane. The co-localization and Co-IP results indicated that the VP1 protein interacted with Haimpα1, Haimpα4, and Haimpβ1 but not with Haimpα7. [Conclusion] The structural protein VP1 of JcDV can be translocated into the nucleus through the dual pathways of importin α/β and importin β.

densovirus  /  structural protein  /  nuclear localization signal  /  importin  /  nuclear translocation pathway
彭倩, 谢田, 邱欣妍, 陈振中, 傅悦, 谌祖文. Importin α/βimportin β双重途径介导鹿眼蛱蝶浓核病毒结构蛋白VP1入核转运. 微生物学报, 2026 , 66 (1) : 352 -363 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250538
Qian PENG, Tian XIE, Xinyan QIU, Zhenzhong CHEN, Yue FU, Zuwen CHEN. Dual pathways of importin α/β and importin β mediate the nuclear translocation of the structural protein VP1 of Junonia coeniadensovirus[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2026 , 66 (1) : 352 -363 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250538
鹿眼蛱蝶浓核病毒(Junonia coenia densovirus, JcDV)是一种无囊膜、呈正二十面体对称的单链DNA病毒,隶细小病毒科浓核病毒亚科原双义浓核病毒属(Protoambidensovirus)[1-3]。JcDV可侵染鳞翅目夜蛾科的多种害虫,如棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)、斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)、草地贪夜蛾(S. frugiperda)等[4-6],致使害虫的脂肪体、气管、表皮等组织发生感染,最终虫体因缺氧等生理因素而死亡[7]。JcDV的基因组全长为6 032个脱氧核糖核苷酸,包含4个开放阅读框(open reading frame, ORF)。ORF1通过漏扫描(leaky scanning)方式编码4个结构蛋白(viral structural protein, VP),即VP1、VP2、VP3和VP4,它们具有相同的羧基末端,仅在氨基末端序列上存在差异[8],并且按照1:9:9:41的比例组装成含有60个亚基的衣壳[1];ORF2、ORF3、ORF4分别编码3个非结构蛋白(non-structural protein, NS),即NS1、NS2和NS3[8]
浓核病毒通过调控宿主细胞S期复制机器在细胞核内完成基因组的复制与增殖[9-10]。浓核病毒的结构蛋白在宿主细胞表面受体识别、致病力决定、晚期胞内体(endosome)逃逸、病毒基因组递送以及衣壳装配等方面发挥着重要功能[11-14]。谌祖文报道棉铃虫表皮细胞系(epidermis of H. armigera, HaEpi)[15]是一株适合JcDV增殖的受纳细胞系,并证实VP1-VP4均定位于细胞核内[6]。在JcDV的复制周期中,新合成的结构蛋白必须从细胞质转运至细胞核内进行装配。然而,作为JcDV最大的结构蛋白,VP1如何转运至细胞核内目前尚不清楚。
蛋白入核转运依赖于细胞核膜上的核孔复合体(nuclear pore complexes, NPCs),小蛋白可通过被动扩散穿过NPCs进入细胞核,而大蛋白(>50 kDa)则通过主动运输方式入核,且需要自身携带的核定位信号(nuclear localization signal, NLS)的协助[16-17]。NLS通常由一段或多段富含碱性氨基酸残基(K、R)的短序列构成,可分为经典NLS和非经典NLS。经典NLS又进一步分为单分型(monopartite) NLS和双分型(bipartite) NLS,前者的序列模式为K(K/R)X(K/R),其中X代表任意氨基酸残基,如猿猴空泡病毒40 (simian vacuolating virus 40, SV40)大T抗原的NLS,其序列为PKKKRKV[18];后者的序列模式为(K/R)(K/R)X10-12(K/R)3-5,如非洲爪蟾(Xenopus laevis)核质蛋白的NLS,其序列为KRPAATKKAGQAKKKK[19]。目前,已在细小病毒科细小病毒亚科的多个属病毒的结构蛋白中发现功能性NLS[20-22],但在浓核病毒亚科中仅报道Blattambidensovirus属的德国小蠊浓核病毒(Blattella germanica densovirus 1, BgDV1) VP1含有1个双分型NLS[13]
含有经典NLS的货物蛋白的入核转运通常由importin α/β途径介导,首先入核转运受体importin α识别并结合货物蛋白的NLS,然后与importin β形成三元复合物转运入核[23-24]。目前,在哺乳动物细胞中已鉴定出importin α1、α3、α4、α5、α6、α7和α8[17,25],在昆虫如果蝇、草地贪夜蛾Sf9细胞系中各鉴定出4种同源蛋白[26]。研究表明不同importin α结合的货物蛋白种类及其亲和力存在差异[24,27]。此外,还有一些货物蛋白的NLS可直接被入核转运受体importin β识别并结合,通过importin β途径转运入核[28]。目前,关于细小病毒亚科病毒的结构蛋白利用上述途径入核的报道较多[29],而针对浓核病毒亚科病毒的结构蛋白入核转运途径的研究较少,JcDV的VP1通过何种途径转运入核仍不得而知。本研究分析了JcDV VP1的入核转运动态特征、NLS及关键氨基酸残基,还分析了VP1与入核转运受体的相互作用,明确其入核转运途径,为阐明JcDV的装配与增殖过程提供实验依据,以期为揭示JcDV的发病机制(pathogenesis)和害虫防治研究奠定基础。
棉铃虫表皮细胞系HaEpi由山东大学生命科学学院赵小凡教授惠赠。彭倩等[30]构建的JcDV感染性克隆质粒pJcDV由本实验室保存。参考Gai等[31]方法构建的pie2-EGFP-N1、pie2-DsRed2-N1空载质粒由本实验室构建并保存。
Grace’s昆虫细胞培养基、预染蛋白marker、TRIzol,赛默飞世尔科技(中国)有限公司;胎牛血清(fetal bovine serum, FBS),英克(Invigentech)公司;RNA提取试剂盒、PrimeScript FAST RT reagent Kit with gDNA Eraser反转录试剂盒、T4 DNA连接酶、限制性内切核酸酶BamH Ⅰ、EcoR Ⅰ、Kpn Ⅰ,宝生物工程(大连)有限公司;胶回收试剂盒、质粒提取试剂盒、产物纯化试剂盒,Omega Bio-Tek有限公司;I-5TM 2×High-Fidelity Master Mix、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli) DH5α感受态细胞,北京擎科生物科技股份有限公司;FuGENE HD Transfection试剂,普洛麦格(北京)生物技术有限公司;Anti-Flag鼠抗、Anti-GFP鼠抗,艾比玛特医药科技(上海)有限公司;Hoechst 33258染色液、免疫沉淀试剂盒(Protein A+G磁珠法)、辣根过氧化物酶(horseradish peroxidase, HRP)标记的羊抗鼠IgG抗体,上海碧云天生物技术股份有限公司;磷酸盐缓冲液、增强型化学发光(enhanced chemiluminescence, ECL)底物试剂盒(特超敏),安徽白鲨生物科技有限公司。
细胞培养箱,益世科(上海)企业发展有限公司;PCR仪,拓赫机电科技(上海)有限公司;激光共聚焦显微镜,仪景通光学科技(上海)有限公司;蛋白电泳仪与转膜仪,北京伯兰特仪器设备有限公司;接触式化学发光成像仪,易孛特生命科学(上海)有限公司。
将HaEpi细胞按每孔2×105个接种至放有无菌小圆玻片的48孔板中,次日将0.5 μg质粒与1 μL FuGENE HD Transfection试剂加到25 μL无血清Grace’s培养基中混匀,静置30 min,再补加100 μL无血清Grace’s培养基混匀;吸弃培养板孔内原培养液,用无菌PBS小心清洗3遍,然后加入混合液孵育4 h;换成含10% FBS的Grace’s培养基培养48 h,用4%多聚甲醛固定15 min,加入150 μL Hoechst 33258染色液染色10 min;用PBS清洗3次,制片,使用激光共聚焦显微镜观察并拍照。
参考Yu等[14]方法,采用NLS Mapper (http://nls-mapper.iab.keio.ac.jp/cgi-bin/NLS_Mapper_form.cgi)网站预测细小病毒科浓核病毒亚科Protoambidensovirus属所有成员,包括蔗螟浓核病毒(Diatraea saccharalis densovirus, DsDV)、大蜡螟浓核病毒(Galleria mellonella densovirus, GmDV)、棉铃虫浓核病毒(Helicoverpa armigera densovirus, HaDV)、鹿眼蛱蝶浓核病毒(Junonia coenia densovirus, JcDV)、劳氏黏虫浓核病毒(Mythimna loreyi densovirus, MlDV)、大豆尺夜蛾浓核病毒(Pseudoplusia includens densovirus, PiDV) VP1的NLS。同时,根据Pan等[32]的方法,使用DNAMAN 9.0 (Lynnon公司)软件对VP1的氨基酸序列进行多序列比对,分析VP1 NLS中保守的氨基酸残基。
根据JcDV vp1基因序列(GenBank登录号为KC883978)分别构建与GFP、Flag同框阅读的融合表达质粒VP1-GFP、Flag-VP1;再结合1.4节的预测结果,通过反向PCR、点突变等技术构建NLS缺失或其内部单个氨基酸的丙氨酸替换突变体,方法参考Liu等[33]。从NCBI BioProject database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/)获得HaEpi细胞系转录组数据(登录号为PRJNA1242702),筛选鉴定细胞内表达的所有入核转运受体基因。参照RNA提取和反转录试剂盒说明书提取HaEpi细胞RNA并合成cDNA,PCR扩增入核转运受体基因importin α1α4α7β1 (GenBank登录号分别为XM_064042603.1、XM_021341117.3、XM_064037122.1、XM_021328329.3)全长,分别构建与DsRed2、GFP融合表达的重组质粒,经测序[奥科(武汉)生物科技有限公司]验证构建是否正确。本研究中使用的引物如表1所示。
将HaEpi细胞以8×105个/孔接种至6孔板中28 ℃培养过夜,次日将Flag-VP1分别与Haimpα1-GFP、Haimpα4-GFP、Haimpα7-GFP、Haimpβ1-GFP质粒共转染;48 h后用预冷的PBS清洗3遍,4 ℃下用含1 mmol/L苯甲基磺酰氟(phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, PMSF)的免疫沉淀(immunoprecipitation, IP)裂解液裂解30 min,12 000×g离心15 min;将上清液与0.3 μg的Anti-Flag鼠抗或对照鼠IgG于4 ℃下孵育过夜,再与Protein A+G磁珠室温孵育2 h;用IP裂解液清洗磁珠5次,加入洗脱液,沸水煮10 min;12% SDS-PAGE,在冰水浴、135 mA下转PVDF膜1.5 h,5%脱脂奶粉封闭过夜;按1:4 000稀释比用Anti-Flag、Anti-GFP鼠抗4 ℃孵育过夜,HRP标记的羊抗鼠IgG以1:5 000稀释,室温孵育1 h;加入适量ECL化学发光液显色1 min,使用接触式化学发光成像仪扫描成像。
vp1基因连接到pie2-EGFP-N1空载体上,提取质粒后测序,测序结果显示重组质粒构建成功,命名为VP1-GFP。将其转染HaEpi细胞,于不同时间点制片观察。结果显示VP1于转染后6 h位于细胞质内;18 h后主要位于细胞核内,且形成点状化的聚集体;24-48 h细胞核内表达量逐渐增加(图1A),表明VP1发生由细胞质到细胞核的入核转运。构建与Flag标签融合表达的质粒Flag-VP1,将其转染HaEpi细胞48 h后制样,Western blotting结果显示除检测到预期大小89.9 kDa条带外,还检测到分子量略偏大的另一条带(图1B)。
通过NLS Mapper分析Protoambidensovirus属所有成员VP1的NLS,结果显示均含有一个双分型NLS基序EXTKRKA(D/G)(S/T)(S/P)(A/V)XE(T/G)P(A/S)KKG(A/T)(T/H),其中X代表任意氨基酸残基,下划线表示碱性氨基酸残基(表2),表明该属VP1 NLS的序列与位置非常保守。进一步构建JcDV VP1 NLS缺失、丙氨酸替换碱性氨基酸残基的突变体质粒,转染HaEpi细胞后48 h制片观察,结果显示VP1∆NLS在核质中均匀分布;VP1K328A、VP1R329A、VP1K341A在核质均有分布,但主要位于细胞核内;VP1K330A、VP1K342A完全定位于细胞核内,表明325-EGTKRKADTPVEEGPSKKGAH-345是JcDV VP1的NLS,其中K328、R329、K341是影响核定位的关键氨基酸残基(图2)。
将HaEpi细胞内表达的入核转运受体基因importin α1α4α7β1分别连接到pie2-DsRed2-N1空载体中,提取质粒并测序。测序结果显示重组质粒构建成功,分别命名为Haimpα1-DsRed2、Haimpα4-DsRed2、Haimpα7-DsRed2、Haimpβ1-DsRed2,再分别将上述重组质粒转染HaEpi细胞,48 h后制片观察。结果显示Haimpα1、Haimpα4、Haimpα7定位于细胞核内;Haimpβ1主要位于细胞核膜周围,且在细胞质与细胞核中均有少量点状化聚集体(图3)。
将VP1-GFP分别与Haimpα1-DsRed2、Haimpα4-DsRed2、Haimpα7-DsRed2、Haimpβ1-DsRed2质粒共转染HaEpi细胞,48 h后制片观察。结果显示VP1与Haimpα1、Haimpα4、Haimpβ1存在点状化共定位,但与Haimpα7无明显共定位(图4)。
将Flag-VP1与Haimpα1-GFP、Haimpα4-GFP、Haimpα7-GFP、Haimpβ1-GFP质粒分别共转染HaEpi细胞,48 h后进行Co-IP。Western blotting结果显示:VP1可拉下Haimpα1、Haimpα4、Haimpβ1蛋白,但不能拉下Haimpα7蛋白,表明除Haimpα7外,VP1可与其余3种入核转运受体相互作用(图5)。
单链DNA病毒通常在宿主细胞核内完成基因组复制和衣壳装配,而病毒蛋白的核定位是病毒增殖、病原发生的重要环节[14]。Vendeville等[34]报道JcDV病毒粒子通过网格蛋白(clathrin)介导的内吞途径进入舞毒蛾(Lymantria dispar)卵巢细胞系Ld652内。Zádori等[12]证实VP1氨基末端特有的磷脂酶A2 (phospholipase A2, PLA2)基序对于病毒粒子从晚期胞内体逃逸至关重要。随后JcDV如何转运至细胞核内尚不清楚,推测JcDV入核转运过程与其衣壳蛋白表面暴露的NLS有关。此外,宿主细胞质中新合成的VP1-VP4需要转运至细胞核内[6],然后与病毒基因组装配,推测这一过程也与其携带的NLS密切相关。本研究发现VP1发生明显的入核转运,证实其含有1个双分型NLS,其中K328、R329、K341突变导致VP1亚细胞定位明显改变,推测这3个残基可能是NLS与入核转运受体互作的关键残基。VP1超表达结果显示产生1条比预期大小偏大的条带,这与BgDV1结构蛋白的超表达结果类似[13],推测与蛋白修饰有关。本研究还发现Protoambidensovirus属所有成员的VP1 NLS序列与位置非常保守,提示可能具有相同的入核转运途径。目前,浓核病毒亚科中仅从BgDV1 VP1氨基端鉴定出1个NLS[13],不同浓核病毒属间VP1 NLS是否保守还需深入研究。Croizier等[35]报道JcDV的VP1-VP4均可单独装配成病毒样颗粒(virus-like particles, VLPs),且VLPs的装配与这4种蛋白的比例无关。本研究中鉴定的NLS仅存在于VP1-VP3的氨基端,无NLS的VP4如何入核参与衣壳装配仍不清楚。Valle等[36]推测无NLS的浓核病毒结构蛋白通过与含有功能性NLS的其他结构蛋白形成复合体,由后者介导入核转运。VP4蛋白是否采取这种方式入核还需进一步证实。
携带经典NLS的货物蛋白可被入核转运受体importins识别结合,且主要通过importin α/β途径转运入核[24,37]。目前,许多真核生物体内importin α家族成员已经被鉴定,如人类拥有7个importin α成员,并且基于序列同源性,它们被分成3个亚家族;酵母仅编码1个importin α;果蝇含有4个importin α[17,38-40]。鳞翅目昆虫中仅报道草地贪夜蛾含有4个importin α1、α2、 α4、α7[26]。本研究从HaEpi细胞系转录组中鉴定出3个importin α1、α4、α7,1个与人类高度同源的importin β1。亚细胞定位结果显示仅importin β1位于核膜周围,其余3个均位于细胞核内,提示它们可能在蛋白入核转运方面具有重要功能。Cao等[23]报道猪细小病毒(porcine parvovirus, PPV)的NS1可与猪肾PK-15细胞系内importin α5、α7结合;Chen等[26]报道苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒(Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus, AcMNPV)编码的DNA聚合酶可与草地贪夜蛾Sf9细胞系内importin α1、α4、α7结合,表明多种入核转运受体可与同一个货物蛋白相互作用。本研究中共定位结果显示VP1与Haimpα1、Haimpα4、Haimpβ1存在明显共定位,暗示后者可能是VP1的入核转运受体。
目前,有关细小病毒蛋白的入核转运途径在细小病毒亚科中已有较深入研究[41],如PPV的NS1通过importin α/β途径入核[23];犬细小病毒(canine parvovirus, CPV)结构蛋白可直接由importin β途径介导入核[29];人类博卡病毒(human bocavirus)非结构蛋白NP1 (non-structural protein 1)可通过importin α/β1与importin β1双途径入核[42]。浓核病毒亚科中病毒蛋白的入核转运途径研究尚未见报道,本研究中Co-IP结果显示VP1分别与importin α1、α4、β1互作,表明其也可通过importin α/β1与importin β1双途径入核。上述何种途径为介导VP1入核转运的主要途径,下一步还需从VP1与入核转运受体的亲和力强弱、入核转运受体的表达量等方面深入研究。此外,Labadie等[43]报道VP1-VP4通过复制-装配偶联方式直接参与JcDV增殖过程,VP1入核转运对JcDV增殖的影响也值得深入研究。
综上所述,本研究分析鉴定了JcDV VP1入核转运的NLS与关键氨基酸残基,并证实其利用importin α/β1与importin β1双途径入核转运,这为阐明JcDV的装配与增殖过程提供了重要实验支撑,为研究JcDV的复制周期、发病机制和害虫治理奠定了基础。
  • 国家自然科学基金(32070483)
  • 大别山特色资源开发湖北省协同创新中心开放基金(202141404)
  • 麻城市农业外来入侵物种普查项目(20120220267)
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2026年第66卷第1期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250538
  • 接收时间:2025-07-13
  • 首发时间:2026-01-12
  • 出版时间:2026-01-04
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  • 收稿日期:2025-07-13
  • 录用日期:2025-08-20
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070483)
国家自然科学基金(32070483)
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains(202141404)
大别山特色资源开发湖北省协同创新中心开放基金(202141404)
Census Project of Agricultural Alien Invasive Species in Macheng(20120220267)
麻城市农业外来入侵物种普查项目(20120220267)
作者信息
    1.黄冈师范学院 生物与农业资源学院,湖北 黄冈
    2.经济林木种质改良与资源综合利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北 黄冈

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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