首页 期刊 论文 学科刊群 资讯 加盟 关于
EN
image
Article(id=1204800733372719740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1204800727341310425, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250459, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1749657600000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1753632000000, acceptedDateStr=2025-07-28, onlineDate=1765176478950, onlineDateStr=2025-12-08, pubDate=1764777600000, pubDateStr=2025-12-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765176478950, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-08, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765176478950, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765176478950, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1204800727341310425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2025', volume='65', issue='12', pageStart='5191', pageEnd='5649', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765176477513, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765176611928, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1204801291189986067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1204800727341310425, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1204801291189986068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1204800727341310425, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=5271, endPage=5282, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1204800733632766612, articleId=1204800733372719740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Linking amino acid metabolism to pathogenicity in pathogenic bacteria: current perspectives, columnId=1192149543727808575, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Review, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Amino acids serve as indispensable components and nutrients for living organisms, while recent studies have revealed that amino acid metabolism in pathogenic bacteria plays a pivotal role in their pathogenic processes. This review summarizes current research on the roles of different amino acids in facilitating the pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria. Specifically, we highlight how Salmonella enterica utilizes l-aspartate to achieve colonization and dissemination within the inflamed intestine, and how branched-chain amino acids indirectly regulate the virulence of Staphylococcus aureusvia the global transcriptional regulator CodY. Additionally, we briefly outline the vital roles of amino acid metabolism throughout the infection processes of pathogenic bacteria. In-depth research into how amino acid metabolism promotes pathogenic processes will deepen our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and provide a theoretical basis for developing novel antibacterial strategies.

, correspAuthors=Kai SONG, Yajun SONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail: SONG Kai, ;
SONG Yajun,
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jiamin LI, Kai SONG, Yajun SONG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1204800734874280706, articleId=1204800733372719740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=病原细菌氨基酸代谢与其致病机制关系研究进展, columnId=1192149543882997826, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

氨基酸是生命体的重要组成成分和营养物质。许多研究表明，病原细菌的氨基酸代谢在其致病过程中发挥着关键作用。本文综述了不同氨基酸在促进病原细菌致病过程中的作用，重点阐述了肠沙门氏菌利用天冬氨酸实现在结肠炎肠道中的定殖和扩散，以及支链氨基酸通过全局转录调控因子CodY间接调控金黄色葡萄球菌等病原细菌毒力的机制，并简要概括了其他氨基酸代谢在病原细菌感染进程中的重要作用。深入研究氨基酸代谢在病原细菌致病过程中的调控作用，有助于深化对其致病机制的认识，进而为开发新的抗菌策略提供理论依据。

, correspAuthors=宋凯, 宋亚军, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=jE+gJaExszQzwUy8YxKUgg==, magXml=VfafuzY9l/4iVIvUZvliYw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=OX+hrhPcPj88JPu9703TVQ==, pdfFileSize=880971, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=Sv2X5v7B7e2BemQ/Dz/acA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Qm18SIzts8PcqQA8KRVotA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=李嘉敏, 宋凯, 宋亚军)}, authors=[Author(id=1217784594334663489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1217784594473075532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, authorId=1217784594334663489, language=EN, stringName=Jiamin LI, firstName=Jiamin, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
2.Chenggong Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1217784594577933137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, authorId=1217784594334663489, language=CN, stringName=李嘉敏, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.军事医学研究院，病原微生物生物安全全国重点实验室，北京
2.厦门大学附属成功医院，福建 厦门, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1217784593994924845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784594015896365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, companyId=1217784593994924845, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784594062033711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, companyId=1217784593994924845, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.军事医学研究院，病原微生物生物安全全国重点实验室，北京)]), AuthorCompany(id=1217784594183668533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784594204640056, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, companyId=1217784594183668533, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Chenggong Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784594229805884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, companyId=1217784594183668533, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.厦门大学附属成功医院，福建 厦门)])]), Author(id=1217784594674402136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=ksongzy@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1217784594775065441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, authorId=1217784594674402136, language=EN, stringName=Kai SONG, firstName=Kai, middleName=null, lastName=SONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1217784594888311660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, authorId=1217784594674402136, language=CN, stringName=宋凯, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1.军事医学研究院，病原微生物生物安全全国重点实验室，北京, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1217784593994924845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784594015896365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, companyId=1217784593994924845, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784594062033711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, companyId=1217784593994924845, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.军事医学研究院，病原微生物生物安全全国重点实验室，北京)])]), Author(id=1217784595005752181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=songyj@bmi.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1217784595127387005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, authorId=1217784595005752181, language=EN, stringName=Yajun SONG, firstName=Yajun, middleName=null, lastName=SONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1217784595257410437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, authorId=1217784595005752181, language=CN, stringName=宋亚军, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1.军事医学研究院，病原微生物生物安全全国重点实验室，北京, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1217784593994924845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784594015896365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, companyId=1217784593994924845, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784594062033711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, companyId=1217784593994924845, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.军事医学研究院，病原微生物生物安全全国重点实验室，北京)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1217784595509068692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=pathogenic bacteria), Keyword(id=1217784595710395294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=amino acid metabolism), Keyword(id=1217784595811058596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=pathogenic mechanism), Keyword(id=1217784595941082033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=aspartate), Keyword(id=1217784596113048512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=branched-chain amino acids), Keyword(id=1217784596192740300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=病原细菌), Keyword(id=1217784596461175775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=氨基酸代谢), Keyword(id=1217784596574421989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=致病机制), Keyword(id=1217784596742194161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=天冬氨酸), Keyword(id=1217784596876411899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=支链氨基酸)], refs=[Reference(id=1217784598474440829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=5, issue=9, pageStart=100940, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=JESUDASON T, journalName=The Lancet Microbe, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JESUDASON T. WHO publishes updated list of bacterial priority pathogens[J]. The Lancet Microbe, 2024, 5(9): 100940., articleTitle=WHO publishes updated list of bacterial priority pathogens, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784598612852875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=25, issue=9, pageStart=1033, pageEnd=1043, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=SATI H, CARRARA E, SAVOLDI A, HANSEN P, GARLASCO J, CAMPAGNARO E, BOCCIA S, CASTILLO-POLO JA, MAGRINI E, GARCIA-VELLO P, WOOL E, GIGANTE V, DUFFY E, CASSINI A, HUTTNER B, PARDO PR, NAGHAVI M, MIRZAYEV F, ZIGNOL M, CAMERON A, journalName=The Lancet Infectious Diseases, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SATI H, CARRARA E, SAVOLDI A, HANSEN P, GARLASCO J, CAMPAGNARO E, BOCCIA S, CASTILLO-POLO JA, MAGRINI E, GARCIA-VELLO P, WOOL E, GIGANTE V, DUFFY E, CASSINI A, HUTTNER B, PARDO PR, NAGHAVI M, MIRZAYEV F, ZIGNOL M, CAMERON A, et al. The WHO bacterial priority pathogens list 2024: a prioritisation study to guide research, development, and public health strategies against antimicrobial resistance[J]. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2025, 25(9): 1033-1043., articleTitle=The WHO bacterial priority pathogens list 2024: a prioritisation study to guide research, development, and public health strategies against antimicrobial resistance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784598789013658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=32, issue=6, pageStart=105, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=WENDISCH VF, JORGE JMP, PÉREZ-GARCÍA F, SGOBBA E, journalName=World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WENDISCH VF, JORGE JMP, PÉREZ-GARCÍA F, SGOBBA E. Updates on industrial production of amino acids using Corynebacterium glutamicum [J]. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2016, 32(6): 105., articleTitle=Updates on industrial production of amino acids using Corynebacterium glutamicum, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784598994534567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=41, issue=2, pageStart=65, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=HIRASAWA T, SATOH Y, KOMA D, journalName=World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HIRASAWA T, SATOH Y, KOMA D. Production of aromatic amino acids and their derivatives by Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum [J]. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2025, 41(2): 65., articleTitle=Production of aromatic amino acids and their derivatives by Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784599204249778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=76, issue=null, pageStart=102600, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=PAVAO A, GRAHAM M, ARRIETA-ORTIZ ML, IMMANUEL SRC, BALIGA NS, BRY L, journalName=Anaerobe, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PAVAO A, GRAHAM M, ARRIETA-ORTIZ ML, IMMANUEL SRC, BALIGA NS, BRY L. Reconsidering the in vivo functions of clostridial stickland amino acid fermentations[J]. Anaerobe, 2022, 76: 102600., articleTitle=Reconsidering the in vivo functions of clostridial stickland amino acid fermentations, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784599309107389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=196, issue=4, pageStart=2318, pageEnd=2331, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=MATHEW M, AFTHAB M, SREEJITH S, SANDHYA C, MATHEW J, RADHAKRISHNAN EK, journalName=Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MATHEW M, AFTHAB M, SREEJITH S, SANDHYA C, MATHEW J, RADHAKRISHNAN EK. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among the hydrogen sulfide producing bacteria isolated on XLD agar from the poultry fecal samples[J]. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2024, 196(4): 2318-2331., articleTitle=Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among the hydrogen sulfide producing bacteria isolated on XLD agar from the poultry fecal samples, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784599430742214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=133, issue=28, pageStart=10748, pageEnd=10751, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=LUPOLI TJ, TSUKAMOTO H, DOUD EH, WANG TA, WALKER S, KAHNE D, journalName=Journal of the American Chemical Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LUPOLI TJ, TSUKAMOTO H, DOUD EH, WANG TA, WALKER S, KAHNE D. Transpeptidase-mediated incorporation of d-amino acids into bacterial peptidoglycan[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2011, 133(28): 10748-10751., articleTitle=Transpeptidase-mediated incorporation of d-amino acids into bacterial peptidoglycan, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784599560765648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=271, issue=null, pageStart=116461, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=TAO Y, ZHENG DD, ZOU W, GUO T, LIAO GJ, ZHOU W, journalName=European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TAO Y, ZHENG DD, ZOU W, GUO T, LIAO GJ, ZHOU W. Targeting the cysteine biosynthesis pathway in microorganisms: mechanism, structure, and drug discovery[J]. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2024, 271: 116461., articleTitle=Targeting the cysteine biosynthesis pathway in microorganisms: mechanism, structure, and drug discovery, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784599669817559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=253, issue=null, pageStart=126916, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=WANG YS, BAI YL, ZENG Q, JIANG ZY, LIU YZ, WANG XY, LIU XT, LIU CL, MIN WH, journalName=International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG YS, BAI YL, ZENG Q, JIANG ZY, LIU YZ, WANG XY, LIU XT, LIU CL, MIN WH. Recent advances in the metabolic engineering and physiological opportunities for microbial synthesis of l-aspartic acid family amino acids: a review[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2023, 253: 126916., articleTitle=Recent advances in the metabolic engineering and physiological opportunities for microbial synthesis of l-aspartic acid family amino acids: a review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784599833395430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=27, issue=6, pageStart=922, pageEnd=936.e6, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=NGUYEN BD, MIGUELANGEL CV, HARTL J, GÜL E, BAUER R, MEILE S, RÜTHI J, MARGOT C, HEEB L, BESSER F, ESCRIVA PP, FETZ C, FURTER M, LAGANENKA L, KELLER P, FUCHS L, CHRISTEN M, PORWOLLIK S, McCLELLAND M, VORHOLT JA, journalName=Cell Host & Microbe, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NGUYEN BD, MIGUELANGEL CV, HARTL J, GÜL E, BAUER R, MEILE S, RÜTHI J, MARGOT C, HEEB L, BESSER F, ESCRIVA PP, FETZ C, FURTER M, LAGANENKA L, KELLER P, FUCHS L, CHRISTEN M, PORWOLLIK S, McCLELLAND M, VORHOLT JA, et al. Import of aspartate and malate by DcuABC drives H2/fumarate respiration to promote initial Salmonella gut-lumen colonization in mice[J]. Cell Host & Microbe, 2020, 27(6): 922-936.e6., articleTitle=Import of aspartate and malate by DcuABC drives H2/fumarate respiration to promote initial Salmonella gut-lumen colonization in mice, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784599955030253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=23, issue=5, pageStart=2564, pageEnd=2577, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=SCHUBERT C, WINTER M, EBERT-JUNG A, KIERSZNIOWSKA S, NAGEL-WOLFRUM K, SCHRAMM T, LINK H, WINTER S, UNDEN G, journalName=Environmental Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SCHUBERT C, WINTER M, EBERT-JUNG A, KIERSZNIOWSKA S, NAGEL-WOLFRUM K, SCHRAMM T, LINK H, WINTER S, UNDEN G. C4-dicarboxylates and l-aspartate utilization by Escherichia coli K-12 in the mouse intestine: l-aspartate as a major substrate for fumarate respiration and as a nitrogen source[J]. Environmental Microbiology, 2021, 23(5): 2564-2577., articleTitle=C4-dicarboxylates and l-aspartate utilization by Escherichia coli K-12 in the mouse intestine: l-aspartate as a major substrate for fumarate respiration and as a nitrogen source, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784600135385334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=82, issue=null, pageStart=267, pageEnd=299, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=SCHUBERT C, UNDEN G, journalName=Advances in Microbial Physiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SCHUBERT C, UNDEN G. Fumarate, a central electron acceptor for Enterobacteriaceae beyond fumarate respiration and energy conservation[J]. Advances in Microbial Physiology, 2023, 82: 267-299., articleTitle=Fumarate, a central electron acceptor for Enterobacteriaceae beyond fumarate respiration and energy conservation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784600252825855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=32, issue=6, pageStart=887, pageEnd=899.e6, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=YOO W, SHEALY NG, ZIEBA JK, TORRES TP, BALTAGULOV M, THOMAS JD, SHELTON CD, McGOVERN AG, FOEGEDING NJ, OLSAN EE, BYNDLOSS MX, journalName=Cell Host & Microbe, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YOO W, SHEALY NG, ZIEBA JK, TORRES TP, BALTAGULOV M, THOMAS JD, SHELTON CD, McGOVERN AG, FOEGEDING NJ, OLSAN EE, BYNDLOSS MX. Salmonella Typhimurium expansion in the inflamed murine gut is dependent on aspartate derived from ROS-mediated microbiota lysis[J]. Cell Host & Microbe, 2024, 32(6): 887-899.e6., articleTitle=Salmonella Typhimurium expansion in the inflamed murine gut is dependent on aspartate derived from ROS-mediated microbiota lysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784600395432203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=69, issue=1, pageStart=77, pageEnd=93, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=GUCCIONE E, del ROCIO LEON-KEMPIS M, PEARSON BM, HITCHIN E, MULHOLLAND F, van DIEMEN PM, STEVENS MP, KELLY DJ, journalName=Molecular Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GUCCIONE E, del ROCIO LEON-KEMPIS M, PEARSON BM, HITCHIN E, MULHOLLAND F, van DIEMEN PM, STEVENS MP, KELLY DJ. Amino acid-dependent growth of Campylobacter jejuni: key roles for aspartase (AspA) under microaerobic and oxygen-limited conditions and identification of AspB (Cj0762), essential for growth on glutamate[J]. Molecular Microbiology, 2008, 69(1): 77-93., articleTitle=Amino acid-dependent growth of Campylobacter jejuni: key roles for aspartase (AspA) under microaerobic and oxygen-limited conditions and identification of AspB (Cj0762), essential for growth on glutamate, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784600508678420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=117, issue=22, pageStart=12394, pageEnd=12401, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=POTTER AD, BUTRICO CE, FORD CA, CURRY JM, TRENARY IA, TUMMARAKOTA SS, HENDRIX AS, YOUNG JD, CASSAT JE, journalName=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=POTTER AD, BUTRICO CE, FORD CA, CURRY JM, TRENARY IA, TUMMARAKOTA SS, HENDRIX AS, YOUNG JD, CASSAT JE. Host nutrient milieu drives an essential role for aspartate biosynthesis during invasive Staphylococcus aureus infection[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020, 117(22): 12394-12401., articleTitle=Host nutrient milieu drives an essential role for aspartate biosynthesis during invasive Staphylococcus aureus infection, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784600638701854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=1960, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=JANSEN RS, MANDYOLI L, HUGHES R, WAKABAYASHI S, PINKHAM JT, SELBACH B, GUINN KM, RUBIN EJ, SACCHETTINI JC, RHEE KY, journalName=Nature Communications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JANSEN RS, MANDYOLI L, HUGHES R, WAKABAYASHI S, PINKHAM JT, SELBACH B, GUINN KM, RUBIN EJ, SACCHETTINI JC, RHEE KY. Aspartate aminotransferase Rv3722c governs aspartate-dependent nitrogen metabolism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis [J]. Nature Communications, 2020, 11: 1960., articleTitle=Aspartate aminotransferase Rv3722c governs aspartate-dependent nitrogen metabolism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784600760336681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=14, issue=1, pageStart=2532700, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=SONG K, LV RC, SHEN LM, WU YR, QIAN XW, CUI YM, WEI YM, LI YB, ZHAO YT, YAO WW, TAN YF, HAN YP, BI YJ, DU ZM, SEBBANE F, CUI YJ, YANG RF, SONG YJ, journalName=Emerging Microbes & Infections, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SONG K, LV RC, SHEN LM, WU YR, QIAN XW, CUI YM, WEI YM, LI YB, ZHAO YT, YAO WW, TAN YF, HAN YP, BI YJ, DU ZM, SEBBANE F, CUI YJ, YANG RF, SONG YJ. Retracing the path of evolution: polymorphisms of AspA codon 363 shape the fitness of Yersinia pestis [J]. Emerging Microbes & Infections, 2025, 14(1): 2532700., articleTitle=Retracing the path of evolution: polymorphisms of AspA codon 363 shape the fitness of Yersinia pestis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784600881971507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=DUTTA S, CORSI ID, BIER NM, KOEHLER TM, journalName=mBio, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DUTTA S, CORSI ID, BIER NM, KOEHLER TM. BrnQ-type branched-chain amino acid transporters influence Bacillus anthracis growth and virulence[J]. mBio, 2022, 13(1): e0364021., articleTitle=BrnQ-type branched-chain amino acid transporters influence Bacillus anthracis growth and virulence, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784601032966459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=51, issue=14, pageStart=7631, pageEnd=7648, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=HAINZL T, BONDE M, ALMQVIST F, JOHANSSON J, SAUER-ERIKSSON AE, journalName=Nucleic Acids Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HAINZL T, BONDE M, ALMQVIST F, JOHANSSON J, SAUER-ERIKSSON AE. Structural insights into CodY activation and DNA recognition[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2023, 51(14): 7631-7648., articleTitle=Structural insights into CodY activation and DNA recognition, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784601150406983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=101, issue=3, pageStart=495, pageEnd=514, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=WATERS NR, SAMUELS DJ, BEHERA RK, LIVNY J, RHEE KY, SADYKOV MR, BRINSMADE SR, journalName=Molecular Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WATERS NR, SAMUELS DJ, BEHERA RK, LIVNY J, RHEE KY, SADYKOV MR, BRINSMADE SR. A spectrum of CodY activities drives metabolic reorganization and virulence gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus [J]. Molecular Microbiology, 2016, 101(3): 495-514., articleTitle=A spectrum of CodY activities drives metabolic reorganization and virulence gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784601267847506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=62, issue=2, pageStart=123, pageEnd=139, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=STENZ L, FRANCOIS P, WHITESON K, WOLZ C, LINDER P, SCHRENZEL J, journalName=FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=STENZ L, FRANCOIS P, WHITESON K, WOLZ C, LINDER P, SCHRENZEL J. The CodY pleiotropic repressor controls virulence in Gram-positive pathogens[J]. FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology, 2011, 62(2): 123-139., articleTitle=The CodY pleiotropic repressor controls virulence in Gram-positive pathogens, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784601527894365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=12, issue=2, pageStart=263, pageEnd=268, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=RIVERA FE, MILLER HK, KOLAR SL, STEVENS SM Jr, SHAW LN, journalName=Proteomics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RIVERA FE, MILLER HK, KOLAR SL, STEVENS SM Jr, SHAW LN. The impact of CodY on virulence determinant production in community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [J]. Proteomics, 2012, 12(2): 263-268., articleTitle=The impact of CodY on virulence determinant production in community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784601662112100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=206, issue=11, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=ALQAHTANI S, DiMAGGIO DA Jr, BRINSMADE SR, journalName=Journal of Bacteriology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ALQAHTANI S, DiMAGGIO DA Jr, BRINSMADE SR. CodY controls the SaeR/S two-component system by modulating branched-chain fatty acid synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus [J]. Journal of Bacteriology, 2024, 206(11): e0019124., articleTitle=CodY controls the SaeR/S two-component system by modulating branched-chain fatty acid synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784601796329834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=83, issue=3, pageStart=1019, pageEnd=1029, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=KAISER JC, OMER S, SHELDON JR, WELCH I, HEINRICHS DE, journalName=Infection and Immunity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KAISER JC, OMER S, SHELDON JR, WELCH I, HEINRICHS DE. Role of BrnQ1 and BrnQ2 in branched-chain amino acid transport and virulence in Staphylococcus aureus [J]. Infection and Immunity, 2015, 83(3): 1019-1029., articleTitle=Role of BrnQ1 and BrnQ2 in branched-chain amino acid transport and virulence in Staphylococcus aureus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784601926353268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=14, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=KAISER JC, KING AN, GRIGG JC, SHELDON JR, EDGELL DR, MURPHY MEP, BRINSMADE SR, HEINRICHS DE, journalName=PLoS Genetics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KAISER JC, KING AN, GRIGG JC, SHELDON JR, EDGELL DR, MURPHY MEP, BRINSMADE SR, HEINRICHS DE. Repression of branched-chain amino acid synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus is mediated by isoleucine via CodY, and by a leucine-rich attenuator peptide[J]. PLoS Genetics, 2018, 14(1): e1007159., articleTitle=Repression of branched-chain amino acid synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus is mediated by isoleucine via CodY, and by a leucine-rich attenuator peptide, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784602039599483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=8, issue=9, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=LOBEL L, SIGAL N, BOROVOK I, RUPPIN E, HERSKOVITS AA, journalName=PLoS Genetics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LOBEL L, SIGAL N, BOROVOK I, RUPPIN E, HERSKOVITS AA. Integrative genomic analysis identifies isoleucine and CodY as regulators of Listeria monocytogenes virulence[J]. PLoS Genetics, 2012, 8(9): e1002887., articleTitle=Integrative genomic analysis identifies isoleucine and CodY as regulators of Listeria monocytogenes virulence, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784602165428611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=83, issue=1, pageStart=173, pageEnd=183, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=GESBERT G, RAMOND E, TROS F, DAIROU J, FRAPY E, BAREL M, CHARBIT A, journalName=Infection and Immunity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GESBERT G, RAMOND E, TROS F, DAIROU J, FRAPY E, BAREL M, CHARBIT A. Importance of branched-chain amino acid utilization in Francisella intracellular adaptation[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2015, 83(1): 173-183., articleTitle=Importance of branched-chain amino acid utilization in Francisella intracellular adaptation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784602257703303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=10, issue=4, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=STEPHENS AC, THURLOW LR, RICHARDSON AR, journalName=Microbiology Spectrum, refType=null, unstructuredReference=STEPHENS AC, THURLOW LR, RICHARDSON AR. Mechanisms behind the indirect impact of metabolic regulators on virulence factor production in Staphylococcus aureus [J]. Microbiology Spectrum, 2022, 10(4): e0206322., articleTitle=Mechanisms behind the indirect impact of metabolic regulators on virulence factor production in Staphylococcus aureus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784602417086863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=29, issue=11, pageStart=3580, pageEnd=3591.e4, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=BORAH K, BEYß M, THEORELL A, WU HH, BASU P, MENDUM TA, NӦH K, BESTE DJV, McFADDEN J, journalName=Cell Reports, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BORAH K, BEYß M, THEORELL A, WU HH, BASU P, MENDUM TA, NӦH K, BESTE DJV, McFADDEN J. Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis exploits multiple host nitrogen sources during growth in human macrophages[J]. Cell Reports, 2019, 29(11): 3580-3591.e4., articleTitle=Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis exploits multiple host nitrogen sources during growth in human macrophages, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784602534527378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=13, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=HABER A, FRIEDMAN S, LOBEL L, BURG-GOLANI T, SIGAL N, ROSE J, LIVNAT-LEVANON N, LEWINSON O, HERSKOVITS AA, journalName=PLoS Pathogens, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HABER A, FRIEDMAN S, LOBEL L, BURG-GOLANI T, SIGAL N, ROSE J, LIVNAT-LEVANON N, LEWINSON O, HERSKOVITS AA. l-glutamine induces expression of Listeria monocytogenes virulence genes[J]. PLoS Pathogens, 2017, 13(1): e1006161., articleTitle=l-glutamine induces expression of Listeria monocytogenes virulence genes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784602685522330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=17, issue=1, pageStart=51, pageEnd=61, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=WÜSTNER S, MEJÍAS-LUQUE R, KOCH MF, RATH E, VIETH M, SIEBER SA, HALLER D, GERHARD M, journalName=Cellular Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WÜSTNER S, MEJÍAS-LUQUE R, KOCH MF, RATH E, VIETH M, SIEBER SA, HALLER D, GERHARD M. Helicobacter pylori γ-glutamyltranspeptidase impairs T-lymphocyte function by compromising metabolic adaption through inhibition of cMyc and IRF4 expression[J]. Cellular Microbiology, 2015, 17(1): 51-61., articleTitle=Helicobacter pylori γ-glutamyltranspeptidase impairs T-lymphocyte function by compromising metabolic adaption through inhibition of cMyc and IRF4 expression, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784602819740065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=79, issue=1, pageStart=44, pageEnd=58, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=HÄRTEL T, KLEIN M, KOEDEL U, ROHDE M, PETRUSCHKA L, HAMMERSCHMIDT S, journalName=Infection and Immunity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HÄRTEL T, KLEIN M, KOEDEL U, ROHDE M, PETRUSCHKA L, HAMMERSCHMIDT S. Impact of glutamine transporters on pneumococcal fitness under infection-related conditions[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2011, 79(1): 44-58., articleTitle=Impact of glutamine transporters on pneumococcal fitness under infection-related conditions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784602953957801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2002, volume=70, issue=6, pageStart=2877, pageEnd=2885, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=TAMURA GS, NITTAYAJARN A, SCHOENTAG DL, journalName=Infection and Immunity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TAMURA GS, NITTAYAJARN A, SCHOENTAG DL. A glutamine transport gene, glnQ, is required for fibronectin adherence and virulence of group B streptococci[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2002, 70(6): 2877-2885., articleTitle=A glutamine transport gene, glnQ, is required for fibronectin adherence and virulence of group B streptococci, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784603071398319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=13, issue=4, pageStart=353, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=DENTOVSKAYA SV, VAGAISKAYA AS, PLATONOV ME, TRUNYAKOVA AS, KRASIL’NIKOVA EA, MAZURINA EM, GAPEL’CHENKOVA TV, LIPATNIKOVA NA, SHAIKHUTDINOVA RZ, IVANOV SA, KOMBAROVA TI, SEBBANE F, ANISIMOV AP, journalName=Vaccines, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DENTOVSKAYA SV, VAGAISKAYA AS, PLATONOV ME, TRUNYAKOVA AS, KRASIL’NIKOVA EA, MAZURINA EM, GAPEL’CHENKOVA TV, LIPATNIKOVA NA, SHAIKHUTDINOVA RZ, IVANOV SA, KOMBAROVA TI, SEBBANE F, ANISIMOV AP. Protection elicited by glutamine auxotroph of Yersinia pestis [J]. Vaccines, 2025, 13(4): 353., articleTitle=Protection elicited by glutamine auxotroph of Yersinia pestis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784603180450229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=37, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=DING J, TAN LP, WU LZ, LI JY, ZHANG Y, SHEN ZS, ZHANG C, ZHAO CJ, GAO L, journalName=NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DING J, TAN LP, WU LZ, LI JY, ZHANG Y, SHEN ZS, ZHANG C, ZHAO CJ, GAO L. Regulation of tryptophan-indole metabolic pathway in Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence and microbiota dysbiosis in periodontitis[J]. NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes, 2025, 11: 37., articleTitle=Regulation of tryptophan-indole metabolic pathway in Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence and microbiota dysbiosis in periodontitis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784603306279354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=200, issue=null, pageStart=107331, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=35, authorNames=CHE JY, LIU BH, FANG QT, NISSA MU, LUO TY, WANG L, BAO BL, journalName=Microbial Pathogenesis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHE JY, LIU BH, FANG QT, NISSA MU, LUO TY, WANG L, BAO BL. Biological studies reveal the role of trpA gene in biofilm formation, motility, hemolysis and virulence in Vibrio anguillarum [J]. Microbial Pathogenesis, 2025, 200: 107331., articleTitle=Biological studies reveal the role of trpA gene in biofilm formation, motility, hemolysis and virulence in Vibrio anguillarum, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784603465662916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=48, issue=5, pageStart=2029, pageEnd=2037, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=36, authorNames=LOTT JS, journalName=Biochemical Society Transactions, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LOTT JS. The tryptophan biosynthetic pathway is essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to cause disease[J]. Biochemical Society Transactions, 2020, 48(5): 2029-2037., articleTitle=The tryptophan biosynthetic pathway is essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to cause disease, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784603604074950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=21, issue=1, pageStart=141, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=37, authorNames=LIANG XH, DU WJ, HUANG L, XIANG L, PAN WX, YANG FY, ZHENG FF, XIE YW, GENG LL, GONG ST, XU WF, journalName=Cell Communication and Signaling, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIANG XH, DU WJ, HUANG L, XIANG L, PAN WX, YANG FY, ZHENG FF, XIE YW, GENG LL, GONG ST, XU WF. Helicobacter pylori promotes gastric intestinal Metaplasia through activation of IRF3-mediated kynurenine pathway[J]. Cell Communication and Signaling, 2023, 21(1): 141., articleTitle=Helicobacter pylori promotes gastric intestinal Metaplasia through activation of IRF3-mediated kynurenine pathway, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784603776041428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=371, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=38, authorNames=WU JL, WANG CH, O’BYRNE C, journalName=FEMS Microbiology Letters, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU JL, WANG CH, O’BYRNE C. Metabolic reprogramming in the food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes as a critical defence against acid stress[J]. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2024, 371: fnae060., articleTitle=Metabolic reprogramming in the food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes as a critical defence against acid stress, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784603893481950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=51, issue=8, pageStart=1103, pageEnd=1127, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=39, authorNames=CHARLIER D, BERVOETS I, journalName=Amino Acids, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHARLIER D, BERVOETS I. Regulation of arginine biosynthesis, catabolism and transport in Escherichia coli [J]. Amino Acids, 2019, 51(8): 1103-1127., articleTitle=Regulation of arginine biosynthesis, catabolism and transport in Escherichia coli, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784604002533857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=6, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[41], rfOrder=40, authorNames=WIEBE MA, BRANNON JR, STEINER BD, BAMIDELE A, SCHRIMPE-RUTLEDGE AC, CODREANU SG, SHERROD SD, McLEAN JA, HADJIFRANGISKOU M, journalName=mBio, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WIEBE MA, BRANNON JR, STEINER BD, BAMIDELE A, SCHRIMPE-RUTLEDGE AC, CODREANU SG, SHERROD SD, McLEAN JA, HADJIFRANGISKOU M. Serine deamination is a new acid tolerance mechanism observed in uropathogenic Escherichia coli [J]. mBio, 2022, 13(6): e0296322., articleTitle=Serine deamination is a new acid tolerance mechanism observed in uropathogenic Escherichia coli, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784604107391464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=5, issue=1, pageStart=116, pageEnd=125, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[42], rfOrder=41, authorNames=KITAMOTO S, ALTERI CJ, RODRIGUES M, NAGAO-KITAMOTO H, SUGIHARA K, HIMPSL SD, BAZZI M, MIYOSHI M, NISHIOKA T, HAYASHI A, MORHARDT TL, KUFFA P, GRASBERGER H, EL-ZAATARI M, BISHU S, ISHII C, HIRAYAMA A, EATON KA, DOGAN B, SIMPSON KW, journalName=Nature Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KITAMOTO S, ALTERI CJ, RODRIGUES M, NAGAO-KITAMOTO H, SUGIHARA K, HIMPSL SD, BAZZI M, MIYOSHI M, NISHIOKA T, HAYASHI A, MORHARDT TL, KUFFA P, GRASBERGER H, EL-ZAATARI M, BISHU S, ISHII C, HIRAYAMA A, EATON KA, DOGAN B, SIMPSON KW, et al. Dietary l-serine confers a competitive fitness advantage to Enterobacteriaceae in the inflamed gut[J]. Nature Microbiology, 2019, 5(1): 116-125., articleTitle=Dietary l-serine confers a competitive fitness advantage to Enterobacteriaceae in the inflamed gut, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784604249997811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=25, issue=1, pageStart=74, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[43], rfOrder=42, authorNames=SIM HS, KWON YK, SONG H, HWANG GS, YEOM J, journalName=BMC Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SIM HS, KWON YK, SONG H, HWANG GS, YEOM J. Regulation of antibiotic persistence and pathogenesis in Acinetobacter baumannii by glutamate and histidine metabolic pathways[J]. BMC Microbiology, 2025, 25(1): 74., articleTitle=Regulation of antibiotic persistence and pathogenesis in Acinetobacter baumannii by glutamate and histidine metabolic pathways, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784604359049719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=88, issue=7, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[44], rfOrder=43, authorNames=LONERGAN ZR, PALMER LD, SKAAR EP, journalName=Infection and Immunity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LONERGAN ZR, PALMER LD, SKAAR EP. Histidine utilization is a critical determinant of Acinetobacter pathogenesis[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2020, 88(7): e00118-20., articleTitle=Histidine utilization is a critical determinant of Acinetobacter pathogenesis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784604430352891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=15, issue=null, pageStart=4216, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[45], rfOrder=44, authorNames=PENG C, CHENG YN, MA MT, CHEN Q, DUAN YJ, LIU SS, CHENG HY, YANG H, HUANG JP, BU WY, SHI CY, WU XY, CHEN JX, ZHENG RJ, LIU ZH, JI Z, WANG J, HUANG XC, WANG P, SHA W, journalName=Nature Communications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PENG C, CHENG YN, MA MT, CHEN Q, DUAN YJ, LIU SS, CHENG HY, YANG H, HUANG JP, BU WY, SHI CY, WU XY, CHEN JX, ZHENG RJ, LIU ZH, JI Z, WANG J, HUANG XC, WANG P, SHA W, et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis suppresses host antimicrobial peptides by dehydrogenating l-alanine[J]. Nature Communications, 2024, 15: 4216., articleTitle=Mycobacterium tuberculosis suppresses host antimicrobial peptides by dehydrogenating l-alanine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784604510044673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=32, issue=1, pageStart=93, pageEnd=104, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[46], rfOrder=45, authorNames=TIKHOMIROVA A, RAHMAN MM, KIDD SP, FERRERO RL, ROUJEINIKOVA A, journalName=Trends in Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TIKHOMIROVA A, RAHMAN MM, KIDD SP, FERRERO RL, ROUJEINIKOVA A. Cysteine and resistance to oxidative stress: implications for virulence and antibiotic resistance[J]. Trends in Microbiology, 2024, 32(1): 93-104., articleTitle=Cysteine and resistance to oxidative stress: implications for virulence and antibiotic resistance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784604614902279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=10, issue=null, pageStart=1581, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[47], rfOrder=46, authorNames=RODMAN N, MARTINEZ J, FUNG S, NAKANOUCHI J, MYERS AL, HARRIS CM, DANG E, FERNANDEZ JS, LIU C, MENDOZA AM, JIMENEZ V, NIKOLAIDIS N, BRENNAN CA, BONOMO RA, SIEIRA R, RAMIREZ MS, journalName=Frontiers in Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RODMAN N, MARTINEZ J, FUNG S, NAKANOUCHI J, MYERS AL, HARRIS CM, DANG E, FERNANDEZ JS, LIU C, MENDOZA AM, JIMENEZ V, NIKOLAIDIS N, BRENNAN CA, BONOMO RA, SIEIRA R, RAMIREZ MS. Human pleural fluid elicits pyruvate and phenylalanine metabolism in Acinetobacter baumannii to enhance cytotoxicity and immune evasion[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2019, 10: 1581., articleTitle=Human pleural fluid elicits pyruvate and phenylalanine metabolism in Acinetobacter baumannii to enhance cytotoxicity and immune evasion, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784604732342795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=191, issue=20, pageStart=6329, pageEnd=6334, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[48], rfOrder=47, authorNames=BOULETTE ML, BAYNHAM PJ, JORTH PA, KUKAVICA-IBRULJ I, LONGORIA A, BARRERA K, LEVESQUE RC, WHITELEY M, journalName=Journal of Bacteriology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BOULETTE ML, BAYNHAM PJ, JORTH PA, KUKAVICA-IBRULJ I, LONGORIA A, BARRERA K, LEVESQUE RC, WHITELEY M. Characterization of alanine catabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its importance for proliferation in vivo [J]. Journal of Bacteriology, 2009, 191(20): 6329-6334., articleTitle=Characterization of alanine catabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its importance for proliferation in vivo, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784604925280786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=91, issue=10, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[49], rfOrder=48, authorNames=RIZVI A, VARGAS-CUEBAS G, EDWARDS AN, DiCANDIA MA, CARTER ZA, LEE CD, MONTEIRO MP, McBRIDE SM, journalName=Infection and Immunity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RIZVI A, VARGAS-CUEBAS G, EDWARDS AN, DiCANDIA MA, CARTER ZA, LEE CD, MONTEIRO MP, McBRIDE SM. Glycine fermentation by C. difficile promotes virulence and spore formation, and is induced by host cathelicidin[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2023, 91(10): e0031923., articleTitle=Glycine fermentation by C. difficile promotes virulence and spore formation, and is induced by host cathelicidin, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784605030138392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=77, issue=9, pageStart=3578, pageEnd=3587, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[50], rfOrder=49, authorNames=COLICCHIO R, RICCI S, LAMBERTI F, PAGLIARULO C, PAGLIUCA C, BRAIONE V, BRACCINI T, TALÀ A, MONTANARO D, TRIPODI S, CINTORINO M, TRONCONE G, BUCCI C, POZZI G, BRUNI CB, ALIFANO P, SALVATORE P, journalName=Infection and Immunity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=COLICCHIO R, RICCI S, LAMBERTI F, PAGLIARULO C, PAGLIUCA C, BRAIONE V, BRACCINI T, TALÀ A, MONTANARO D, TRIPODI S, CINTORINO M, TRONCONE G, BUCCI C, POZZI G, BRUNI CB, ALIFANO P, SALVATORE P. The meningococcal ABC-Type l-glutamate transporter GltT is necessary for the development of experimental meningitis in mice[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2009, 77(9): 3578-3587., articleTitle=The meningococcal ABC-Type l-glutamate transporter GltT is necessary for the development of experimental meningitis in mice, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784605235659292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=86, issue=9, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[51], rfOrder=50, authorNames=BOURGEOIS JS, ZHOU DG, THURSTON TLM, GILCHRIST JJ, KO DC, journalName=Infection and Immunity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BOURGEOIS JS, ZHOU DG, THURSTON TLM, GILCHRIST JJ, KO DC. Methylthioadenosine suppresses Salmonella virulence[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2018, 86(9): e00429-18., articleTitle=Methylthioadenosine suppresses Salmonella virulence, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784605336322592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=52, issue=6, pageStart=2513, pageEnd=2523, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[52], rfOrder=51, authorNames=RESLANE I, WATSON GF, HANDKE LD, FEY PD, journalName=Biochemical Society Transactions, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RESLANE I, WATSON GF, HANDKE LD, FEY PD. Regulatory dynamics of arginine metabolism in Staphylococcus aureus [J]. Biochemical Society Transactions, 2024, 52(6): 2513-2523., articleTitle=Regulatory dynamics of arginine metabolism in Staphylococcus aureus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784605474734632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=82, issue=20, pageStart=6150, pageEnd=6157, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[53], rfOrder=52, authorNames=OOGAI Y, YAMAGUCHI M, KAWADA-MATSUO M, SUMITOMO T, KAWABATA S, KOMATSUZAWA H, journalName=Applied and Environmental Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=OOGAI Y, YAMAGUCHI M, KAWADA-MATSUO M, SUMITOMO T, KAWABATA S, KOMATSUZAWA H. Lysine and threonine biosynthesis from aspartate contributes to Staphylococcus aureus growth in calf serum[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2016, 82(20): 6150-6157., articleTitle=Lysine and threonine biosynthesis from aspartate contributes to Staphylococcus aureus growth in calf serum, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784605587980845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=757599, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[54], rfOrder=53, authorNames=HARRISON MA, KAUR H, WREN BW, DAWSON LF, journalName=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HARRISON MA, KAUR H, WREN BW, DAWSON LF. Production of p-cresol by decarboxylation of p-HPA by all five lineages of Clostridioides difficile provides a growth advantage[J]. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2021, 11: 757599., articleTitle=Production of p-cresol by decarboxylation of p-HPA by all five lineages of Clostridioides difficile provides a growth advantage, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784605676061235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=30, issue=4, pageStart=683, pageEnd=709, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[55], rfOrder=54, authorNames=CHRISTGEN SL, BECKER DF, journalName=Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHRISTGEN SL, BECKER DF. Role of proline in pathogen and host interactions[J]. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, 2019, 30(4): 683-709., articleTitle=Role of proline in pathogen and host interactions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784605768335929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=2023, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[56], rfOrder=55, authorNames=CERSOSIMO LM, GRAHAM M, MONESTIER A, PAVAO A, WORLEY JN, PELTIER J, DUPUY B, BRY L, journalName=bioRxiv, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CERSOSIMO LM, GRAHAM M, MONESTIER A, PAVAO A, WORLEY JN, PELTIER J, DUPUY B, BRY L. Central in vivo mechanisms by which C. difficile’s proline reductase drives efficient metabolism, growth, and toxin production[J]. bioRxiv, 2023: 2023.05.19.541423., articleTitle=Central in vivo mechanisms by which C. difficile’s proline reductase drives efficient metabolism, growth, and toxin production, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784605868999232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=68, issue=6, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[57], rfOrder=56, authorNames=BERNARD C, LIU Y, LARROUY-MAUMUS G, GUILHOT C, CAM K, CHALUT C, journalName=Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BERNARD C, LIU Y, LARROUY-MAUMUS G, GUILHOT C, CAM K, CHALUT C. Altered serine metabolism promotes drug tolerance in Mycobacterium abscessus via a WhiB7-mediated adaptive stress response[J]. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2024, 68(6): e0145623., articleTitle=Altered serine metabolism promotes drug tolerance in Mycobacterium abscessus via a WhiB7-mediated adaptive stress response, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784605978051139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=88, issue=2, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[58], rfOrder=57, authorNames=RÉVORA V, MARCHESINI MI, COMERCI DJ, journalName=Infection and Immunity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RÉVORA V, MARCHESINI MI, COMERCI DJ. Brucella abortus depends on l-serine biosynthesis for intracellular proliferation[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2020, 88(2): e00840-19., articleTitle=Brucella abortus depends on l-serine biosynthesis for intracellular proliferation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784606091297358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=85, issue=2, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[59], rfOrder=58, authorNames=McLAUGHLIN PA, McCLELLAND M, YANG HJ, PORWOLLIK S, BOGOMOLNAYA L, CHEN JS, ANDREWS-POLYMENIS H, van der VELDEN AWM, journalName=Infection and Immunity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=McLAUGHLIN PA, McCLELLAND M, YANG HJ, PORWOLLIK S, BOGOMOLNAYA L, CHEN JS, ANDREWS-POLYMENIS H, van der VELDEN AWM. Contribution of asparagine catabolism to Salmonella virulence[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2017, 85(2): e00740-16., articleTitle=Contribution of asparagine catabolism to Salmonella virulence, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784606217126485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=16, issue=3, pageStart=434, pageEnd=449, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[60], rfOrder=59, authorNames=GESBERT G, RAMOND E, RIGARD M, FRAPY E, DUPUIS M, DUBAIL I, BAREL M, HENRY T, MEIBOM K, CHARBIT A, journalName=Cellular Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GESBERT G, RAMOND E, RIGARD M, FRAPY E, DUPUIS M, DUBAIL I, BAREL M, HENRY T, MEIBOM K, CHARBIT A. Asparagine assimilation is critical for intracellular replication and dissemination of Francisella [J]. Cellular Microbiology, 2014, 16(3): 434-449., articleTitle=Asparagine assimilation is critical for intracellular replication and dissemination of Francisella, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784606351344218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=55, issue=6, pageStart=408, pageEnd=417, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[61], rfOrder=60, authorNames=SHIBAYAMA K, TAKEUCHI H, WACHINO JI, MORI S, ARAKAWA Y, journalName=Microbiology and Immunology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHIBAYAMA K, TAKEUCHI H, WACHINO JI, MORI S, ARAKAWA Y. Biochemical and pathophysiological characterization of Helicobacter pylori asparaginase[J]. Microbiology and Immunology, 2011, 55(6): 408-417., articleTitle=Biochemical and pathophysiological characterization of Helicobacter pylori asparaginase, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784606452007516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=4, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[62], rfOrder=61, authorNames=DWIVEDY A, ASHRAF A, JHA B, KUMAR D, AGARWAL N, BISWAL BK, journalName=Communications Biology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DWIVEDY A, ASHRAF A, JHA B, KUMAR D, AGARWAL N, BISWAL BK. De novo histidine biosynthesis protects Mycobacterium tuberculosis from host IFN-γ mediated histidine starvation[J]. Communications Biology, 2021, 4: 410., articleTitle=De novo histidine biosynthesis protects Mycobacterium tuberculosis from host IFN-γ mediated histidine starvation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784606569448033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=170, issue=1, pageStart=5, pageEnd=13, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[63], rfOrder=62, authorNames=MIYAMOTO T, HOMMA H, journalName=The Journal of Biochemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MIYAMOTO T, HOMMA H. d-amino acid metabolism in bacteria[J]. The Journal of Biochemistry, 2021, 170(1): 5-13., articleTitle=d-amino acid metabolism in bacteria, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784606707860072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=58, issue=12, pageStart=2078, pageEnd=2086, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[64], rfOrder=63, authorNames=纪芳, 陈博磊, 梁勇, journalName=微生物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=纪芳, 陈博磊, 梁勇. d-氨基酸在细菌生理中的结构性能和调节功能的研究进展[J]. 微生物学报, 2018, 58(12): 2078-2086., articleTitle=d-氨基酸在细菌生理中的结构性能和调节功能的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784606837883502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=58, issue=12, pageStart=2078, pageEnd=2086, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[64], rfOrder=64, authorNames=JI F, CHEN BL, LIANG Y, journalName=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JI F, CHEN BL, LIANG Y. Roles of d-amino acids on the physiological structure and regulatory function of bacteria[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2018, 58(12): 2078-2086 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784606972101237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=30, issue=16, pageStart=3442, pageEnd=3453, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[65], rfOrder=65, authorNames=CAVA F, de PEDRO MA, LAM H, DAVIS BM, WALDOR MK, journalName=EMBO Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CAVA F, de PEDRO MA, LAM H, DAVIS BM, WALDOR MK. Distinct pathways for modification of the bacterial cell wall by non-canonical d-amino acids[J]. EMBO Journal, 2011, 30(16): 3442-3453., articleTitle=Distinct pathways for modification of the bacterial cell wall by non-canonical d-amino acids, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784607089541756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=6, issue=30, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[66], rfOrder=66, authorNames=LE NH, PETERS K, ESPAILLAT A, SHELDON JR, GRAY J, Di VENANZIO G, LOPEZ J, DJAHANSCHIRI B, MUELLER EA, HENNON SW, LEVIN PA, EBERSBERGER I, SKAAR EP, CAVA F, VOLLMER W, FELDMAN MF, journalName=Science Advances, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LE NH, PETERS K, ESPAILLAT A, SHELDON JR, GRAY J, Di VENANZIO G, LOPEZ J, DJAHANSCHIRI B, MUELLER EA, HENNON SW, LEVIN PA, EBERSBERGER I, SKAAR EP, CAVA F, VOLLMER W, FELDMAN MF. Peptidoglycan editing provides immunity to Acinetobacter baumannii during bacterial warfare[J]. Science Advances, 2020, 6(30): eabb5614., articleTitle=Peptidoglycan editing provides immunity to Acinetobacter baumannii during bacterial warfare, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784607194399360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=8, issue=7, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[67], rfOrder=67, authorNames=ALVAREZ L, CAVA F, journalName=Bio-protocol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ALVAREZ L, CAVA F. Bacterial competition assay based on extracellular d-amino acid production[J]. Bio-protocol, 2018, 8(7): e2787., articleTitle=Bacterial competition assay based on extracellular d-amino acid production, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784607404114567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=328, issue=5978, pageStart=627, pageEnd=629, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[68], rfOrder=68, authorNames=KOLODKIN-GAL I, ROMERO D, CAO SG, CLARDY J, KOLTER R, LOSICK R, journalName=Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KOLODKIN-GAL I, ROMERO D, CAO SG, CLARDY J, KOLTER R, LOSICK R. d-amino acids trigger biofilm disassembly[J]. Science, 2010, 328(5978): 627-629., articleTitle=d-amino acids trigger biofilm disassembly, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784607496389261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=9, issue=7, pageStart=1856, pageEnd=1872, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[69], rfOrder=69, authorNames=CHENG HY, JI Z, WANG Y, LI SZ, TANG TQ, WANG F, PENG C, WU XY, CHENG YN, LIU ZH, MA MT, WANG J, HUANG XC, WANG L, QIN LH, LIU HP, CHEN JX, ZHENG RJ, FENG CG, CAI X, journalName=Nature Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHENG HY, JI Z, WANG Y, LI SZ, TANG TQ, WANG F, PENG C, WU XY, CHENG YN, LIU ZH, MA MT, WANG J, HUANG XC, WANG L, QIN LH, LIU HP, CHEN JX, ZHENG RJ, FENG CG, CAI X, et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces d-serine under hypoxia to limit CD8+ T cell-dependent immunity in mice[J]. Nature Microbiology, 2024, 9(7): 1856-1872., articleTitle=Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces d-serine under hypoxia to limit CD8+ T cell-dependent immunity in mice, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784607613829780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=206, issue=4, pageStart=148, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[70], rfOrder=70, authorNames=ZHANG HC, MI ZW, WANG JM, ZHANG J, journalName=Archives of Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG HC, MI ZW, WANG JM, ZHANG J. d-histidine combated biofilm formation and enhanced the effect of amikacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro [J]. Archives of Microbiology, 2024, 206(4): 148., articleTitle=d-histidine combated biofilm formation and enhanced the effect of amikacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784607735464602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=30, issue=2, pageStart=147, pageEnd=149, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[71], rfOrder=71, authorNames=CHATTOPADHYAY A, KELKAR DA, journalName=Journal of Biosciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHATTOPADHYAY A, KELKAR DA. Ion channels and d-amino acids[J]. Journal of Biosciences, 2005, 30(2): 147-149., articleTitle=Ion channels and d-amino acids, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784607852905118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=23, issue=5, pageStart=392, pageEnd=402, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[72], rfOrder=72, authorNames=QIU S, ZHU RR, ZHAO YY, AN XP, JIA FJ, PENG JX, MA ZL, ZHU YY, WANG JY, SU JH, WANG QJ, WANG HL, LI Y, WANG KR, YAN WJ, WANG R, journalName=Journal of Peptide Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=QIU S, ZHU RR, ZHAO YY, AN XP, JIA FJ, PENG JX, MA ZL, ZHU YY, WANG JY, SU JH, WANG QJ, WANG HL, LI Y, WANG KR, YAN WJ, WANG R. Antimicrobial activity and stability of protonectin with d-amino acid substitutions[J]. Journal of Peptide Science, 2017, 23(5): 392-402., articleTitle=Antimicrobial activity and stability of protonectin with d-amino acid substitutions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784607953568417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=120, issue=15, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[73], rfOrder=73, authorNames=GONDA Y, MATSUDA A, ADACHI K, ISHII C, SUZUKI M, OSAKI A, MITA M, NISHIZAKI N, OHTOMO Y, SHIMIZU T, YASUI M, HAMASE K, SASABE J, journalName=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GONDA Y, MATSUDA A, ADACHI K, ISHII C, SUZUKI M, OSAKI A, MITA M, NISHIZAKI N, OHTOMO Y, SHIMIZU T, YASUI M, HAMASE K, SASABE J. Mammals sustain amino acid homochirality against chiral conversion by symbiotic microbes[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2023, 120(15): e2300817120., articleTitle=Mammals sustain amino acid homochirality against chiral conversion by symbiotic microbes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784608050037417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[74], rfOrder=74, authorNames=BERNEY M, BERNEY-MEYER L, journalName=Microbiology Spectrum, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BERNEY M, BERNEY-MEYER L. Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the face of host-imposed nutrient limitation[J/OL]. Microbiology Spectrum, 2017. 10.1128/microbiolspec.tbtb2-10.1128/microbiolspec.t0030-2016., articleTitle=Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the face of host-imposed nutrient limitation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784608175866541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=15, issue=6, pageStart=882, pageEnd=890, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[75], rfOrder=75, authorNames=KWAIK Y ABU, BUMANN D, journalName=Cellular Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KWAIK Y ABU, BUMANN D. Microbial quest for food in vivo: ‘nutritional virulence’ as an emerging paradigm[J]. Cellular Microbiology, 2013, 15(6): 882-890., articleTitle=Microbial quest for food in vivo: ‘nutritional virulence’ as an emerging paradigm, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784608272335537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=9, issue=null, pageStart=319, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[76], rfOrder=76, authorNames=REN WK, RAJENDRAN R, ZHAO YY, TAN B, WU GY, BAZER FW, ZHU GQ, PENG YY, HUANG XS, DENG JP, YIN YL, journalName=Frontiers in Immunology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=REN WK, RAJENDRAN R, ZHAO YY, TAN B, WU GY, BAZER FW, ZHU GQ, PENG YY, HUANG XS, DENG JP, YIN YL. Amino acids as mediators of metabolic cross talk between host and pathogen[J]. Frontiers in Immunology, 2018, 9: 319., articleTitle=Amino acids as mediators of metabolic cross talk between host and pathogen, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784608356221618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=611, issue=7937, pageStart=780, pageEnd=786, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[77], rfOrder=77, authorNames=SMITH AB, JENIOR ML, KEENAN O, HART JL, SPECKER J, ABBAS A, RANGEL PC, DI C, GREEN J, BUSTIN KA, GADDY JA, NICHOLSON MR, LAUT C, KELLY BJ, MATTHEWS ML, EVANS DR, van TYNE D, FURTH EE, PAPIN JA, BUSHMAN FD, journalName=Nature, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SMITH AB, JENIOR ML, KEENAN O, HART JL, SPECKER J, ABBAS A, RANGEL PC, DI C, GREEN J, BUSTIN KA, GADDY JA, NICHOLSON MR, LAUT C, KELLY BJ, MATTHEWS ML, EVANS DR, van TYNE D, FURTH EE, PAPIN JA, BUSHMAN FD, et al. Enterococci enhance Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis[J]. Nature, 2022, 611(7937): 780-786., articleTitle=Enterococci enhance Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784608435913400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=21, issue=6, pageStart=347, pageEnd=360, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[78], rfOrder=78, authorNames=CABALLERO-FLORES G, PICKARD JM, NÚÑEZ G, journalName=Nature Reviews Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CABALLERO-FLORES G, PICKARD JM, NÚÑEZ G. Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance: mechanisms and regulation[J]. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2022, 21(6): 347-360., articleTitle=Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance: mechanisms and regulation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784608523993791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=16, issue=1, pageStart=2424914, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[79], rfOrder=79, authorNames=DENG L, WANG SH, journalName=Gut Microbes, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DENG L, WANG SH. Colonization resistance: the role of gut microbiota in preventing Salmonella invasion and infection[J]. Gut Microbes, 2024, 16(1): 2424914., articleTitle=Colonization resistance: the role of gut microbiota in preventing Salmonella invasion and infection, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784608620462790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=10, issue=2, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[80], rfOrder=80, authorNames=NEGATU DA, YAMADA Y, XI Y, GO ML, ZIMMERMAN M, GANAPATHY U, DARTOIS V, GENGENBACHER M, DICK T, journalName=mBio, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NEGATU DA, YAMADA Y, XI Y, GO ML, ZIMMERMAN M, GANAPATHY U, DARTOIS V, GENGENBACHER M, DICK T. Gut microbiota metabolite indole propionic acid targets tryptophan biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis [J]. mBio, 2019, 10(2): e02781-18., articleTitle=Gut microbiota metabolite indole propionic acid targets tryptophan biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1217784598063399007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, awardId=U22A20526, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20526), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217784598201811047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, awardId=U22A20526, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(U22A20526), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1217784593994924845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784594015896365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, companyId=1217784593994924845, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784594062033711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, companyId=1217784593994924845, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.军事医学研究院，病原微生物生物安全全国重点实验室，北京)]), AuthorCompany(id=1217784594183668533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784594204640056, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, companyId=1217784594183668533, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Chenggong Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784594229805884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, companyId=1217784594183668533, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.厦门大学附属成功医院，福建 厦门)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1217784597149040664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Salmonella enterica utilizes aspartate released by the lysis of the intestinal microbiota for anaerobic fumarate respiration. Created with BioGDP.com., figureFileSmall=v/XpNGZU7eZhHCH86xNmJA==, figureFileBig=5EDGIo6FoHJ1Im9oipIP9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784597312618530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=CN, label=图1, caption=肠沙门氏菌利用肠道菌群裂解释放的天冬氨酸进行厌氧延胡索酸呼吸, figureFileSmall=v/XpNGZU7eZhHCH86xNmJA==, figureFileBig=5EDGIo6FoHJ1Im9oipIP9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784597425864746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=BCAAs in combination with CodY inhibit the expression of BCAAs synthesis and virulence-related genes in pathogenic bacteria. Created with BioGDP.com., figureFileSmall=z3dkXXUc7Qoqp5DrF3OQMw==, figureFileBig=nYLTjYc8v+cch3hHN/iU7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784597505556532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=CN, label=图2, caption=BCAAs结合CodY抑制病原细菌BCAAs合成和毒力相关基因的表达, figureFileSmall=z3dkXXUc7Qoqp5DrF3OQMw==, figureFileBig=nYLTjYc8v+cch3hHN/iU7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784597660745788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The influence of amino acid metabolism on the pathogenic mechanism of pathogenic bacteria and its key molecules

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Amino acidPathogenic bacteriaKey moleculesThe influence on the pathogenic mechanismReferences
CysteineAcinetobacter baumanniiGigCImprove adaptability and virulence[46]
PhenylalanineAcinetobacter baumanniiPhenylpyruvatePromote immune escape[47]
AlanineMycobacterium tuberculosisRv2780Promote immune escape[45]
Pseudomonas aeruginosaDadA, DadXEnhance competitive advantage[48]
GlycineClostridioides difficileGrdABEnhance virulence[49]
Glutamic acidAcinetobacter baumanniiGdhAMaintain antibiotic resistance[43]
Neisseria meningitidisGltTAffect the development of meningitis[50]
Listeria monocytogenesGadDPromote gastric colonization[39]
MethionineSalmonella entericaMetJEnhance virulence[51]
ArginineListeria monocytogenesArcAPromote gastric colonization[39]
Staphylococcus aureusAhrC, ArcA1Maintain chronic infection[52]
Escherichia coliAdiAPromote intestinal colonization[40]
LysineStaphylococcus aureusLysASupport bloodstream infection[53]
TyrosineClostridioides difficileHpdBCA, CodYPromote intestinal colonization[54]
ProlineHelicobacter pyloriPutAPromote colonization and movement[55]
Clostridioides difficilePrdBAffect colonization and toxin production[56]
SerineMycobacterium abscessusWhiB7Maintain antibiotic resistance[57]
Escherichia coliSdaA, SdaBPromote intestinal colonization[41]
Bacillus abortusSerBMaintain virulence[58]
Mycobacterium tuberculosisSerCPromote immune escape[29]
ThreonineStaphylococcus aureusThrCSupport bloodstream infection[53]
AsparagineSalmonella entericaAnsBPromote immune escape and colonization[59]
FrancisellaAnsPPromote intracellular replication and dissemination[60]
Helicobacter pyloriAsparaginasePromote immune escape[61]
HistidineAcinetobacter baumanniiHisCPromote immune escape[43]
Mycobacterium tuberculosisIFN-γPromote reproduction[62]
), ArticleFig(id=1217784597794963526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800733372719740, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

氨基酸代谢对病原细菌致病机制的影响及其关键分子

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Amino acidPathogenic bacteriaKey moleculesThe influence on the pathogenic mechanismReferences
CysteineAcinetobacter baumanniiGigCImprove adaptability and virulence[46]
PhenylalanineAcinetobacter baumanniiPhenylpyruvatePromote immune escape[47]
AlanineMycobacterium tuberculosisRv2780Promote immune escape[45]
Pseudomonas aeruginosaDadA, DadXEnhance competitive advantage[48]
GlycineClostridioides difficileGrdABEnhance virulence[49]
Glutamic acidAcinetobacter baumanniiGdhAMaintain antibiotic resistance[43]
Neisseria meningitidisGltTAffect the development of meningitis[50]
Listeria monocytogenesGadDPromote gastric colonization[39]
MethionineSalmonella entericaMetJEnhance virulence[51]
ArginineListeria monocytogenesArcAPromote gastric colonization[39]
Staphylococcus aureusAhrC, ArcA1Maintain chronic infection[52]
Escherichia coliAdiAPromote intestinal colonization[40]
LysineStaphylococcus aureusLysASupport bloodstream infection[53]
TyrosineClostridioides difficileHpdBCA, CodYPromote intestinal colonization[54]
ProlineHelicobacter pyloriPutAPromote colonization and movement[55]
Clostridioides difficilePrdBAffect colonization and toxin production[56]
SerineMycobacterium abscessusWhiB7Maintain antibiotic resistance[57]
Escherichia coliSdaA, SdaBPromote intestinal colonization[41]
Bacillus abortusSerBMaintain virulence[58]
Mycobacterium tuberculosisSerCPromote immune escape[29]
ThreonineStaphylococcus aureusThrCSupport bloodstream infection[53]
AsparagineSalmonella entericaAnsBPromote immune escape and colonization[59]
FrancisellaAnsPPromote intracellular replication and dissemination[60]
Helicobacter pyloriAsparaginasePromote immune escape[61]
HistidineAcinetobacter baumanniiHisCPromote immune escape[43]
Mycobacterium tuberculosisIFN-γPromote reproduction[62]
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1192105720683257860, delFlag=0, nameCn=微生物学报, nameEn=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0001-6209, eissn=null, cn=11-1995/Q, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1762149752067, updatedTime=1762150746905, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=A, firstLetterEn=A, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, picEn=R/d5eSUu8/o5mAGWCF3M5Q==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1192109893441171829, language=CN, name=微生物学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1762150746928, updatedTime=1762150746928, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1192109893512474998, language=EN, name=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1762150746944, updatedTime=1762150746944, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1192105938417971205, websiteList=[Website(id=1192106105867223981, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1192105938417971205, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1762149843899, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1762149888800, updateBy=18614031015, name=微生物学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=微生物学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1192107120863626198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1762150085893, updateTime=1762150085893, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120834266067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1762150085886, updateTime=1762150085886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120892986329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085900, updateTime=1762150085900, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120825877458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=FOz4Ks7dC79FYnCEBIlMdw==, createTime=1762150085884, updateTime=1762150085884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120905569243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085903, updateTime=1762150085903, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120846848981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1762150085889, updateTime=1762150085889, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120897180634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085901, updateTime=1762150085901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120842654676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1762150085888, updateTime=1762150085888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120872014807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1762150085895, updateTime=1762150085895, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120880403416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1762150085897, updateTime=1762150085897, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1192106106018218929, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1192105938417971205, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1762149843935, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1762149925242, updateBy=18614031015, name=微生物学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1192107140455220192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1762150090564, updateTime=1762150090564, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140434248669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1762150090559, updateTime=1762150090559, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140476191715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090569, updateTime=1762150090569, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140425860060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=FOz4Ks7dC79FYnCEBIlMdw==, createTime=1762150090557, updateTime=1762150090557, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140484580325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090571, updateTime=1762150090571, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140451025887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1762150090563, updateTime=1762150090563, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140480386020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090570, updateTime=1762150090570, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140442637278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1762150090561, updateTime=1762150090561, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140463608801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1762150090566, updateTime=1762150090566, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140467803106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1762150090567, updateTime=1762150090567, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=微生物学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, journalPhotoCn=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, journalPhotoEn=R/d5eSUu8/o5mAGWCF3M5Q==, journalFirstLetter=A, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250459, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250459, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/PDF/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250459, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/PDF/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250459, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
病原细菌氨基酸代谢与其致病机制关系研究进展
收藏切换
PDF下载
李嘉敏 1, 2 , 宋凯 1, * , 宋亚军 1, *
微生物学报 | 综述 2025,65(12): 5271-5282
收起
收藏切换
微生物学报 | 综述 2025, 65(12): 5271-5282
病原细菌氨基酸代谢与其致病机制关系研究进展
全屏
李嘉敏1, 2, 宋凯1, * , 宋亚军1, *
作者信息
  • 1.军事医学研究院，病原微生物生物安全全国重点实验室，北京
  • 2.厦门大学附属成功医院，福建 厦门
Linking amino acid metabolism to pathogenicity in pathogenic bacteria: current perspectives
Jiamin LI1, 2, Kai SONG1, * , Yajun SONG1, *
Affiliations
  • 1.State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
  • 2.Chenggong Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
出版时间: 2025-12-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250459
文章导航
收藏切换
摘要
收起

氨基酸是生命体的重要组成成分和营养物质。许多研究表明，病原细菌的氨基酸代谢在其致病过程中发挥着关键作用。本文综述了不同氨基酸在促进病原细菌致病过程中的作用，重点阐述了肠沙门氏菌利用天冬氨酸实现在结肠炎肠道中的定殖和扩散，以及支链氨基酸通过全局转录调控因子CodY间接调控金黄色葡萄球菌等病原细菌毒力的机制，并简要概括了其他氨基酸代谢在病原细菌感染进程中的重要作用。深入研究氨基酸代谢在病原细菌致病过程中的调控作用，有助于深化对其致病机制的认识，进而为开发新的抗菌策略提供理论依据。

病原细菌  /  氨基酸代谢  /  致病机制  /  天冬氨酸  /  支链氨基酸

Amino acids serve as indispensable components and nutrients for living organisms, while recent studies have revealed that amino acid metabolism in pathogenic bacteria plays a pivotal role in their pathogenic processes. This review summarizes current research on the roles of different amino acids in facilitating the pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria. Specifically, we highlight how Salmonella enterica utilizes l-aspartate to achieve colonization and dissemination within the inflamed intestine, and how branched-chain amino acids indirectly regulate the virulence of Staphylococcus aureusvia the global transcriptional regulator CodY. Additionally, we briefly outline the vital roles of amino acid metabolism throughout the infection processes of pathogenic bacteria. In-depth research into how amino acid metabolism promotes pathogenic processes will deepen our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and provide a theoretical basis for developing novel antibacterial strategies.

pathogenic bacteria  /  amino acid metabolism  /  pathogenic mechanism  /  aspartate  /  branched-chain amino acids
李嘉敏, 宋凯, 宋亚军. 病原细菌氨基酸代谢与其致病机制关系研究进展. 微生物学报, 2025 , 65 (12) : 5271 -5282 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250459
Jiamin LI, Kai SONG, Yajun SONG. Linking amino acid metabolism to pathogenicity in pathogenic bacteria: current perspectives[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2025 , 65 (12) : 5271 -5282 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250459
正文
收起
细菌感染不仅是感染性疾病发生的直接诱因，也是非感染性疾病病情恶化的难控性危险因素。尽管抗生素的广泛使用显著降低了细菌感染相关疾病的死亡率，但随之产生的抗生素耐药性使得病原细菌感染始终是全球医疗和公共卫生领域面临的重要挑战。2024年，世界卫生组织更新了可能引发未来全球大流行的优先病原体清单，新增了5种高威胁病原细菌[1]；同年，世界卫生组织还专门发布了值得关注的耐药细菌清单，以指导全球病原细菌感染疾病的防控研发工作[2]。这些举措表明，深入研究细菌致病机制并优化应对策略仍是医疗和公共卫生领域的迫切需求。
氨基酸作为细菌生长繁殖的关键碳源和氮源，不仅负责合成细菌中各种功能性多肽或蛋白质，还直接影响细菌在宿主体内的增殖以及毒力机制的维持。与人体相比，细菌的氨基酸代谢通路高度复杂且多样化，其通路中的特异性酶及代谢产物在细菌基因表达调控网络中扮演着多重角色。不同细菌种群间氨基酸代谢通路的差异，不仅反映了它们适应宿主体内不同限制性环境的能力，也与其致病过程密切相关。尽管早期关于细菌自身氨基酸代谢与致病性之间关联的研究相对匮乏，但近年来随着代谢组学技术的广泛应用，不同菌种、菌株之间氨基酸代谢通路的差异得到深入阐明，新的氨基酸代谢中间产物和调控机制也相继被报道，这些研究成果拓展了我们对细菌代谢网络的认识。在细菌致病性调控网络中，氨基酸代谢不仅广泛参与宿主环境适应和营养获取，还通过毒力因子产生、免疫逃逸、信号传导和抗生素耐药性等多重机制对细菌致病发挥关键作用。
尽管氨基酸代谢与病原细菌致病性存在显著关联，但其促进病原细菌致病进程的分子机制尚未完全阐明。深入揭示病原细菌氨基酸代谢网络与宿主细胞相互作用的分子机制不仅有助于阐明其致病进程，还可为开发新型抗菌药物和疫苗靶点提供理论依据和创新策略。本文系统综述了20种基本氨基酸(文中除特别指明为d-氨基酸外，均为l-氨基酸)以及d-氨基酸代谢途径与病原细菌致病机制之间的内在联系，着重阐述了天冬氨酸(aspartate, Asp)、支链氨基酸(branched-chain amino acids, BCAAs)等关键代谢节点的调控机制及其致病关联，以期为开发靶向氨基酸代谢的抗菌治疗策略提供新的视角。
1 病原细菌的氨基酸代谢
收起
相较于人体依赖外源性供给必需氨基酸且分解代谢终产物相对固定的代谢模式，病原细菌的氨基酸代谢途径更为复杂多样。在合成代谢层面，多数病原细菌具备完整的氨基酸自主合成系统，能够通过多种途径高效合成自身所需的氨基酸[3]。例如，大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)和谷氨酸棒杆菌(Corynebacterium glutamicum)可以通过莽草酸通路(shikimate pathway)合成芳香族氨基酸，包括苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸等，而人体因缺乏该通路需依赖外源性摄取[4]。在分解代谢层面，病原细菌能够通过多种途径将氨基酸转化为能量或代谢中间体(如有机酸和醇)。例如，某些梭菌属(Clostridium)可以通过Stickland发酵途径偶联氨基酸氧化还原获取ATP[5]；而一些沙门氏菌属(Salmonella)能够分解含硫氨基酸(如半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸)生成硫化氢(hydrogen sulfide, H2S)，这是菌种鉴定和分型的重要表型[6]。此外，病原细菌还能够代谢d-氨基酸(如d-丙氨酸和d-谷氨酸)，这些d-氨基酸在细菌细胞壁的肽聚糖合成中起重要作用[7]。
相对于宿主而言，病原细菌具有独特的氨基酸代谢途径，这对其生长繁殖及致病性具有重要意义，也可能成为重要的药物靶点。通过筛选不同细菌氨基酸代谢途径中与其在宿主体内生存及致病相关的关键蛋白质或酶等，可以为开发抗菌药物提供新思路。以半胱氨酸为例，病原细菌依赖O-乙酰丝氨酸硫醇裂解酶进行从头合成，而哺乳动物缺失该通路。因此，针对该途径中的关键酶开发抑制剂药物有望在治疗的同时减少药物对人体的副作用，显著降低病原细菌的宿主毒性[8]。然而，此类研究需要仔细评估药物对宿主细胞的影响，以避免交叉反应对宿主造成潜在危害；还需考虑体外环境和体内环境的差异：在体外可以抑制病原细菌氨基酸代谢的药物，在体内可能引发病原细菌掠夺宿主体内氨基酸的代偿反应，使药物失去效果，甚至对宿主造成更大的危害。为避免这种情况发生，可以考虑同时将病原细菌中某种必需氨基酸的关键代谢酶及其转运酶作为靶点进行药物研发。
2 病原细菌的氨基酸代谢与其致病机制之间的关系
收起
2.1 天冬氨酸
天冬氨酸是病原细菌生命活动关键的碳源和氮源。多数病原细菌体外生长主要通过草酰乙酸前体的转化或其他氨基酸的转氨作用进行内源合成；而在宿主体内营养受限的环境中则需依赖外源摄取[9]。肠沙门氏菌(Salmonella enterica)通过二羧酸转运系统(dicarboxylate uptake ATP binding cassette, DcuABC)介导天冬氨酸和苹果酸的摄取，激活厌氧条件下的H2/延胡索酸呼吸链，从而建立其在小鼠肠道中的初始定殖优势[10]。研究证实，感染早期宿主肠道内饮食来源的天冬氨酸通过维持延胡索酸呼吸为肠沙门氏菌的增殖提供了能量基础[11]。天冬氨酸在天冬氨酸裂解酶(aspartate ammonia-lyase, AspA)催化下分解生成延胡索酸和氨[12]，前者可作为电子受体经琥珀酸途径驱动厌氧呼吸产能，而后者则可通过H+中和参与肠沙门氏菌的酸耐受调控。值得注意的是，在结肠炎进程中肠腔天冬氨酸水平呈现非饮食依赖性升高；肠沙门氏菌可通过诱发小鼠肠道炎症促使巨噬细胞释放活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)，介导肠道菌群裂解释放天冬氨酸，进而增强天冬氨酸依赖的厌氧延胡索酸呼吸，最终促进肠沙门氏菌在肠道中的定殖及扩散[13] (图1)。
天冬氨酸依赖的厌氧延胡索酸呼吸机制在致病性肠杆菌如大肠杆菌[11]和空肠弯曲杆菌(Campylobacter jejuni)[14]中保守存在，但不同菌属对宿主微环境的适应性存在显著差异。例如，炎症肠道中天冬氨酸的升高使鼠伤寒沙门菌获得相对于共生大肠杆菌的生长优势[13]，这可能源于其能够利用天冬氨酸衍生的延胡索酸和肠道硝酸盐作为电子受体协同进行厌氧呼吸。此外，天冬氨酸代谢在其他病原细菌的宿主感染过程中同样发挥重要作用：金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)骨感染模型中，宿主感染组织中富集的谷氨酸抑制了金黄色葡萄球菌对天冬氨酸的外源摄取，使其需要依赖天冬氨酸的内源性合成维持感染[15]；结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)相关研究揭示，靶向抑制天冬氨酸代谢关键酶(如天冬氨酸氨基转移酶Rv3722c)可显著降低其巨噬细胞毒性和小鼠毒力[16]。鼠疫耶尔森氏菌(Yersinia pestis)的天冬氨酸氨基裂解酶基因(aspA)突变后丧失活性，使其在多种胁迫环境中适应度下降，繁殖受到显著抑制[17]。现有研究虽已明确天冬氨酸代谢缺陷对病原细菌毒力的影响，但其内在机制及分子调控网络仍有待系统解析。值得关注的是，天冬氨酸作为氮源代谢的枢纽物质之一，是合成异亮氨酸、甲硫氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸等多种氨基酸的前体物质。因此，其代谢扰动可能会间接影响这些下游氨基酸的代谢稳态。在研究过程中需充分考虑氨基酸互相转化的复杂性，聚焦解析在病原细菌致病过程中起最直接、最核心调控作用的氨基酸代谢通路。
2.2 支链氨基酸
支链氨基酸(BCAAs)包括亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸，BCAAs不仅是蛋白质生物合成的必需底物，也是革兰氏阳性细菌细胞膜支链脂肪酸生物合成的前体[18]。多效性转录因子蛋白Y(cellular oligopeptide and DNA-binding protein Y, CodY)是一种全局转录调控因子，几乎存在于所有低G+C含量革兰氏阳性菌中，如金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)。在这些细菌中CodY广泛调控数百个基因的转录，其靶基因主要编码代谢相关蛋白，部分靶基因则直接或间接调控必需毒力因子的表达；因此，CodY被视为代谢和毒力之间的调控枢纽，在介导病原细菌共生状态和致病状态之间的转换中发挥关键作用[19]。BCAAs和GTP可作为营养状态的信号分子，通过调控CodY的活性影响病原细菌的代谢适应性和毒力基因表达网络[20]。值得注意的是，CodY主要发挥阻遏因子的功能，即通过特异性结合靶基因启动子区的CodY box序列来阻遏RNA聚合酶或转录激活因子的结合，或者通过路障机制提前终止转录[21]。因此，在营养丰富的环境中(高BCAAs/GTP水平) CodY处于活性状态，导致其调控基因的表达普遍受到抑制(图2)。
以金黄色葡萄球菌为例，CodY对金黄色葡萄球菌的毒力因子合成具有重要的调控作用，其缺失会导致多种毒力因子(如分泌性蛋白酶、白细胞毒素和溶血素等)表达失调，同时因蛋白酶过度降解胞外基质导致生物被膜形成能力显著降低[22]。值得注意的是，CodY可通过感应BCAAs水平直接调控金黄色葡萄球菌透明质酸酶(hyaluronidase, HysA)的表达，这一分泌性致病因子通过分解宿主透明质酸促进肺组织侵袭，HysA的缺失导致金黄色葡萄球菌在小鼠肺部感染模型中显著减毒[23]。因此，BCAAs的获取对于金黄色葡萄球菌的增殖、环境适应性及毒力至关重要。BCAAs作为CodY的激活剂，可通过2种模式实现其调控功能。(1) 在环境中BCAAs充足时金黄色葡萄球菌通过Q型BCAAs转运蛋白(branched-chain amino acid Q-type transporter, BrnQ) (如BrnQ1、BrnQ2等)摄取外界BCAAs，BCAAs协同GTP增强CodY的抑制活性，抑制靶标基因表达以避免冗余代谢，从而高效利用宿主资源促进病原细菌的快速增殖[24]。(2) 在BCAAs限制条件下，金黄色葡萄球菌通过2种机制激活BCAAs的合成通路，一种是通过异亮氨酸依赖的CodY反式调控解除CodY对BCAAs合成基因的抑制作用，即异亮氨酸缺乏使CodY抑制活性降低，从而激活BCAAs合成基因的表达；二是亮氨酸缺乏时通过亮氨酸响应的衰减子进行顺式调控，阻止转录终止结构的形成，从而促进BCAAs合成相关基因的表达[25]。
在金黄色葡萄球菌中发现的BCAAs-CodY轴致病调控功能具有跨物种保守性，在病原细菌中广泛存在。在BCAAs (尤其是异亮氨酸)限制环境中单核增生李斯特氏菌(Listeria monocytogenes)的CodY活性下降，导致正向调控因子A (positive regulatory factor A, prfA)、李斯特菌溶血素O (listeriolysin O, hly)和肌动蛋白聚集因子A (actin assembly-inducing protein A, actA)等关键毒力基因的表达上调[26]。炭疽芽孢杆菌(Bacillus anthracis)在缺乏外源BCAAs的环境下出现明显的生长缺陷，且BCAAs转运蛋白BrnQ3或BCAAs合成相关基因二羟基酸脱水酶(dihydroxy-acid dehydratase, ilvD)的缺失均导致其对小鼠毒力明显减弱，表明BCAAs的摄取和合成对于炭疽芽孢杆菌的毒力至关重要；炭疽毒素激活因子(anthrax toxin Activator, AtxA)的活性受BCAAs (特别是缬氨酸)剂量依赖性激活[18]。此外，弗朗西丝氏菌属(Francisella)某些亚种(如减毒活疫苗株LVS)丧失BCAAs生物合成能力，形成依靠异亮氨酸通透酶(isoleucine permease, IleP)的严格宿主异亮氨酸依赖性感染模式[27]。上述研究表明，BCAAs不仅是病原细菌生长的重要营养物质，更是连通环境信号与致病进程的关键枢纽，其调控网络的深入解析将为靶向代谢干预的新型抗菌策略提供理论支撑。
BCAAs-CodY轴调控的靶基因主要参与代谢途径过程，涵盖多种氨基酸代谢通路。与野生型金黄色葡萄球菌相比，ΔcodY突变体中多种氨基酸(包括BCAAs和天冬氨酸)的水平显著升高[28]。上述现象提示氨基酸代谢调控网络具有广泛交联，单一氨基酸浓度的扰动可能触发复杂的级联反应。因此，在研究氨基酸代谢与致病机制的关联时，必须充分考虑这种网络的整体性和交互性。
2.3 其他氨基酸
谷氨酰胺代谢在不同病原细菌致病过程中呈现多维度调控特征。结核分枝杆菌以谷氨酰胺为主要氮源维持其在人巨噬细胞中的存活与增殖[29]。单核增生李斯特氏菌以细胞内谷氨酰胺浓度阈值作为环境信号和诱导因子调控致病基因的表达[30]。幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori) γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-glutamyltranspeptidase, gGT)通过剥夺胃黏膜中的谷氨酰胺抑制T细胞功能并建立其免疫耐受微环境[31]。在肺炎链球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)中谷氨酰胺合成酶(glutamine synthetase, GlnA)活性可促进其初始定殖，而谷氨酸/谷氨酰胺转运蛋白(GlnP)则可通过抵抗巨噬细胞吞噬和杀伤作用促进肺炎链球菌的肺部生存和血液传播[32]。此外，B群链球菌(group B Streptococci)的谷氨酰胺转运蛋白(GlnQ)可能通过影响胞质谷氨酰胺水平调控纤连蛋白黏附素的表达，进而促进其纤连蛋白黏附和侵袭[33]。值得注意的是，鼠疫耶尔森氏菌的glnALG操纵子缺失突变体既丧失了谷氨酰胺合成能力，也无法通过摄取或分解代谢维持细胞内谷氨酰胺稳态，导致其毒力完全丧失；该突变株免疫小鼠和豚鼠后可对野生株感染提供有效的保护性免疫，为开发安全有效的减毒活疫苗提供了新靶点[34]。这一发现揭示了氨基酸代谢干预在疫苗设计中的巨大潜力，提示针对其他依赖特定氨基酸的病原菌同时抑制其合成及摄取能力可以成为开发相应疫苗的新策略。
色氨酸代谢网络在病原细菌生存及感染策略中同样发挥关键作用。牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis)通过色氨酸-吲哚通路刺激牙周炎生物被膜形成并诱导口腔微生物群失调[35]；鳗利斯顿氏菌(Listonella anguillarum)中色氨酸合酶(tryptophan synthase, TrpA)的缺失导致其生物被膜形成减少、毒力减弱[36]。以上研究表明，色氨酸代谢途径可能与病原细菌生物被膜的形成密切相关。此外，结核分枝杆菌通过色氨酸生物合成保护自身免受CD4+ T细胞介导的杀伤效应[37]。幽门螺杆菌则通过激活犬尿氨酸氨基转移酶II (kynurenine Aminotransferase II, KAT2)介导色氨酸代谢的犬尿氨酸途径，促进胃肠上皮化生进程；靶向抑制犬尿氨酸途径可能为预防幽门螺杆菌感染引起的炎症提供新策略[38]。
此外，其他氨基酸的代谢在病原细菌黏附定殖、免疫逃逸和毒力等致病机制中也发挥重要作用。其中，某些氨基酸可能因结构相似在病原细菌致病过程中发挥类似的作用。例如，谷氨酸、精氨酸及丝氨酸等均可通过提高病原细菌的酸耐受能力促进其在胃肠道的定殖[39-42]；丝氨酸和组氨酸均可通过提高病原细菌在巨噬细胞内的生存能力进而促进其免疫逃逸[29,43-44]。结核分枝杆菌利用丙氨酸脱氢酶Rv2780水解宿主细胞内的丙氨酸，从而抑制宿主抗菌肽的表达，促进其在宿主细胞内的生存；丙氨酸和Rv2780抑制剂GWP-042均显示出对结核分枝杆菌感染的抑制效果，为开发新的抗结核治疗策略提供了潜在的靶点[45]。上述研究揭示了特定氨基酸代谢网络在病原细菌致病中的独特调控机制，这些发现为深入研究其致病机制及相关抗菌治疗靶点提供了重要理论依据和实验基础(表1)。
3 d-氨基酸代谢在病原细菌致病过程中的作用
收起
细菌可产生多种d-氨基酸参与细菌生长、生物被膜形成与扩散以及肽聚糖代谢的调节等生理活动[63]。除直接参与细菌细胞壁肽聚糖合成的d-丙氨酸和d-谷氨酸外，细菌培养物上清液中还可检测到非典型d-氨基酸(noncanonical d-amino acids, NCDAAs)，即其他通常认为不用于构建细胞壁肽聚糖的d-氨基酸[64]。深入研究表明，这些NCDAAs在细菌生长繁殖过程中也能够被整合到细胞壁肽聚糖中，有助于病原细菌适应环境变化、增强其对抗外界威胁的能力，并在侵入定殖时抵抗宿主蛋白酶水解消化[65]。例如，鲍氏不动杆菌(Acinetobacter baumannii)可将d-赖氨酸整合到肽聚糖中，这种肽聚糖编辑可提高其竞争优势[66]。在某些情况下，NCDAAs可作为有毒的细胞外效应物干扰周围菌群的生长，促进病原细菌在竞争激烈的多菌群环境中生存。霍乱弧菌(Vibrio cholerae)可产生d-精氨酸，显著抑制多种微生物亚群的存活，有利于其在胃肠道的定殖扩散[67]。此外，d-氨基酸还被认为是一种广泛存在的生物被膜分解信号，NCDAAs的积累会抑制细菌生物被膜的形成并促进生物被膜分解；该机制可能有利于过度密集的细菌群体从生物被膜中释放出来，进一步扩散繁殖[68]。还有研究表明，结核分枝杆菌在缺氧条件下释放的d-丝氨酸可抑制CD8+ T细胞产生干扰素(interferon, IFN)-γ，从而促进其免疫逃逸[69]。
病原细菌d-氨基酸代谢的这些特性不仅有利于其繁殖扩散及致病，也为抗菌治疗带来了新的思路。例如，d-组氨酸可对抗铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)的生物被膜形成从而增强其对抗生素阿米卡星的敏感性[70]。此外，许多含有天然和合成d-氨基酸的肽(如短杆菌肽、杆菌肽、放线菌素等)通过形成离子通道破坏细菌细胞膜，从而杀灭细菌，被用作细菌拮抗剂[71]。其中，部分d-氨基酸取代已成为提高抗菌肽体内活性的有效技术，为口服抗菌肽药物的研发提供了理论基础[72]。
目前，病原细菌d-氨基酸代谢与其致病过程的联系主要聚焦于细胞壁合成和生物被膜形成等方面，其更深层次的调控机制仍待揭示。值得注意的是，宿主内源性d-氨基酸(除d-丝氨酸外)主要源自共生菌群，并通过酶促降解与排泄机制维持极低的生理浓度(如血液中d-氨基酸通常不足相应l-异构体的10%)[73]。这一独特的宿主代谢特征为靶向病原细菌d-氨基酸代谢提供了有效干预策略：针对特定关键d-氨基酸(如病原菌生存或毒力所必需的)，通过抑制其细菌源性合成可有效切断其供应来源，进而使病原细菌丧失致病性。该“合成阻断”策略有望发展新型靶向抗菌疗法。
4 总结与展望
收起
在病原细菌-宿主互作过程中氨基酸代谢的动态平衡对致病进程至关重要。宿主通过“营养免疫”策略限制入侵病原细菌对氨基酸等营养物质的获取[74]。与之相对的是，病原细菌进化出“营养毒力”策略，即通过分泌效应蛋白劫持宿主代谢通路特异性提升限制性氨基酸(如半胱氨酸)的利用度，从而突破宿主“营养免疫”屏障并驱动病原细菌的胞内增殖[75]。病原细菌与宿主之间争夺精氨酸、天冬酰胺和色氨酸等重要氨基酸的营养斗争构成了致病进程中代谢对抗的关键环节[76]。
宿主体内的共生菌群在外来病原细菌感染后的代谢竞争中呈现双向调控作用。一方面，某些共生菌的特定代谢产物可作为营养物质促进病原细菌致病过程。例如，肠球菌属(Enterococcus)通过消耗精氨酸并释放可发酵氨基酸(如亮氨酸和鸟氨酸等)重塑宿主肠道代谢微环境，增强抗生素扰动后艰难拟梭菌(Clostridioides difficile)在肠道中的定殖能力及致病性[77]。鼠伤寒沙门菌通过诱发宿主肠道炎症反应产生活性氧(ROS)，促使肠道共生菌裂解释放天冬氨酸并加以利用，进而促进其在肠道中的定殖及扩散[13]。另一方面，共生菌通过与病原细菌竞争氨基酸等营养物质抑制病原细菌定殖[78]。例如，肠道菌群可通过营养竞争等作用预防沙门氏菌的侵袭和感染[79]；而肠道菌群的代谢产物吲哚丙酸(indolepropionic acid, IPA)作为色氨酸类似物，可通过负反馈的形式阻断结核分枝杆菌的色氨酸合成途径从而抑制其生长[80]。
近年来，研究表明在病原细菌感染宿主进程中氨基酸代谢通过调控黏附、定殖、侵袭、毒力因子释放及免疫逃逸等关键环节参与构建病原细菌的感染适应体系。本文系统综述了20种基本氨基酸以及d-氨基酸代谢对不同病原细菌致病进程的促进机制，重点阐述了天冬氨酸介导的鼠伤寒沙门菌在小鼠结肠炎感染进程中的厌氧呼吸优势，以及CodY通过感知BCAAs对金黄色葡萄球菌等病原细菌毒力的调控机制，勾勒了病原细菌感染进程中氨基酸代谢的核心驱动作用。
当前相关研究仍面临氨基酸代谢网络互作复杂性的严峻挑战。尽管能够通过单一氨基酸营养限制及特定基因敲除等方法鉴定某种氨基酸代谢对病原细菌致病进程的促进作用，但由于氨基酸及其代谢物之间可相互转化，所观测到的表型可能源于中间代谢物对其他代谢通路或关键基因的调控，而非目标氨基酸本身的直接效应。因此，未来研究应聚焦阐明代谢物交叉调控网络，继续深入解析氨基酸代谢促进病原细菌致病过程的复杂网络和精确节点，这些机制的阐明将为基于靶向氨基酸代谢开发新的抗菌治疗策略提供理论依据。
作者贡献声明
收起
李嘉敏：执行调研、撰写文章、完成呈现；宋凯：项目管理、审阅；宋亚军：获取基金、提出概念、审阅。
作者利益冲突公开声明
收起
作者声明不存在任何可能会影响本文所报告工作的已知经济利益或个人关系。
基金
收起
  • 国家自然科学基金(U22A20526)
文献
收起
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式：
[1]
JESUDASON T. WHO publishes updated list of bacterial priority pathogens[J]. The Lancet Microbe, 2024, 5(9): 100940.
[2]
SATI H, CARRARA E, SAVOLDI A, HANSEN P, GARLASCO J, CAMPAGNARO E, BOCCIA S, CASTILLO-POLO JA, MAGRINI E, GARCIA-VELLO P, WOOL E, GIGANTE V, DUFFY E, CASSINI A, HUTTNER B, PARDO PR, NAGHAVI M, MIRZAYEV F, ZIGNOL M, CAMERON A, et al. The WHO bacterial priority pathogens list 2024: a prioritisation study to guide research, development, and public health strategies against antimicrobial resistance[J]. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2025, 25(9): 1033-1043.
[3]
WENDISCH VF, JORGE JMP, PÉREZ-GARCÍA F, SGOBBA E. Updates on industrial production of amino acids using Corynebacterium glutamicum [J]. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2016, 32(6): 105.
[4]
HIRASAWA T, SATOH Y, KOMA D. Production of aromatic amino acids and their derivatives by Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum [J]. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2025, 41(2): 65.
[5]
PAVAO A, GRAHAM M, ARRIETA-ORTIZ ML, IMMANUEL SRC, BALIGA NS, BRY L. Reconsidering the in vivo functions of clostridial stickland amino acid fermentations[J]. Anaerobe, 2022, 76: 102600.
[6]
MATHEW M, AFTHAB M, SREEJITH S, SANDHYA C, MATHEW J, RADHAKRISHNAN EK. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among the hydrogen sulfide producing bacteria isolated on XLD agar from the poultry fecal samples[J]. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2024, 196(4): 2318-2331.
[7]
LUPOLI TJ, TSUKAMOTO H, DOUD EH, WANG TA, WALKER S, KAHNE D. Transpeptidase-mediated incorporation of d-amino acids into bacterial peptidoglycan[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2011, 133(28): 10748-10751.
[8]
TAO Y, ZHENG DD, ZOU W, GUO T, LIAO GJ, ZHOU W. Targeting the cysteine biosynthesis pathway in microorganisms: mechanism, structure, and drug discovery[J]. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2024, 271: 116461.
[9]
WANG YS, BAI YL, ZENG Q, JIANG ZY, LIU YZ, WANG XY, LIU XT, LIU CL, MIN WH. Recent advances in the metabolic engineering and physiological opportunities for microbial synthesis of l-aspartic acid family amino acids: a review[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2023, 253: 126916.
[10]
NGUYEN BD, MIGUELANGEL CV, HARTL J, GÜL E, BAUER R, MEILE S, RÜTHI J, MARGOT C, HEEB L, BESSER F, ESCRIVA PP, FETZ C, FURTER M, LAGANENKA L, KELLER P, FUCHS L, CHRISTEN M, PORWOLLIK S, McCLELLAND M, VORHOLT JA, et al. Import of aspartate and malate by DcuABC drives H2/fumarate respiration to promote initial Salmonella gut-lumen colonization in mice[J]. Cell Host & Microbe, 2020, 27(6): 922-936.e6.
[11]
SCHUBERT C, WINTER M, EBERT-JUNG A, KIERSZNIOWSKA S, NAGEL-WOLFRUM K, SCHRAMM T, LINK H, WINTER S, UNDEN G. C4-dicarboxylates and l-aspartate utilization by Escherichia coli K-12 in the mouse intestine: l-aspartate as a major substrate for fumarate respiration and as a nitrogen source[J]. Environmental Microbiology, 2021, 23(5): 2564-2577.
[12]
SCHUBERT C, UNDEN G. Fumarate, a central electron acceptor for Enterobacteriaceae beyond fumarate respiration and energy conservation[J]. Advances in Microbial Physiology, 2023, 82: 267-299.
[13]
YOO W, SHEALY NG, ZIEBA JK, TORRES TP, BALTAGULOV M, THOMAS JD, SHELTON CD, McGOVERN AG, FOEGEDING NJ, OLSAN EE, BYNDLOSS MX. Salmonella Typhimurium expansion in the inflamed murine gut is dependent on aspartate derived from ROS-mediated microbiota lysis[J]. Cell Host & Microbe, 2024, 32(6): 887-899.e6.
[14]
GUCCIONE E, del ROCIO LEON-KEMPIS M, PEARSON BM, HITCHIN E, MULHOLLAND F, van DIEMEN PM, STEVENS MP, KELLY DJ. Amino acid-dependent growth of Campylobacter jejuni: key roles for aspartase (AspA) under microaerobic and oxygen-limited conditions and identification of AspB (Cj0762), essential for growth on glutamate[J]. Molecular Microbiology, 2008, 69(1): 77-93.
[15]
POTTER AD, BUTRICO CE, FORD CA, CURRY JM, TRENARY IA, TUMMARAKOTA SS, HENDRIX AS, YOUNG JD, CASSAT JE. Host nutrient milieu drives an essential role for aspartate biosynthesis during invasive Staphylococcus aureus infection[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020, 117(22): 12394-12401.
[16]
JANSEN RS, MANDYOLI L, HUGHES R, WAKABAYASHI S, PINKHAM JT, SELBACH B, GUINN KM, RUBIN EJ, SACCHETTINI JC, RHEE KY. Aspartate aminotransferase Rv3722c governs aspartate-dependent nitrogen metabolism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis [J]. Nature Communications, 2020, 11: 1960.
[17]
SONG K, LV RC, SHEN LM, WU YR, QIAN XW, CUI YM, WEI YM, LI YB, ZHAO YT, YAO WW, TAN YF, HAN YP, BI YJ, DU ZM, SEBBANE F, CUI YJ, YANG RF, SONG YJ. Retracing the path of evolution: polymorphisms of AspA codon 363 shape the fitness of Yersinia pestis [J]. Emerging Microbes & Infections, 2025, 14(1): 2532700.
[18]
DUTTA S, CORSI ID, BIER NM, KOEHLER TM. BrnQ-type branched-chain amino acid transporters influence Bacillus anthracis growth and virulence[J]. mBio, 2022, 13(1): e0364021.
[19]
HAINZL T, BONDE M, ALMQVIST F, JOHANSSON J, SAUER-ERIKSSON AE. Structural insights into CodY activation and DNA recognition[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2023, 51(14): 7631-7648.
[20]
WATERS NR, SAMUELS DJ, BEHERA RK, LIVNY J, RHEE KY, SADYKOV MR, BRINSMADE SR. A spectrum of CodY activities drives metabolic reorganization and virulence gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus [J]. Molecular Microbiology, 2016, 101(3): 495-514.
[21]
STENZ L, FRANCOIS P, WHITESON K, WOLZ C, LINDER P, SCHRENZEL J. The CodY pleiotropic repressor controls virulence in Gram-positive pathogens[J]. FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology, 2011, 62(2): 123-139.
[22]
RIVERA FE, MILLER HK, KOLAR SL, STEVENS SM Jr, SHAW LN. The impact of CodY on virulence determinant production in community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [J]. Proteomics, 2012, 12(2): 263-268.
[23]
ALQAHTANI S, DiMAGGIO DA Jr, BRINSMADE SR. CodY controls the SaeR/S two-component system by modulating branched-chain fatty acid synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus [J]. Journal of Bacteriology, 2024, 206(11): e0019124.
[24]
KAISER JC, OMER S, SHELDON JR, WELCH I, HEINRICHS DE. Role of BrnQ1 and BrnQ2 in branched-chain amino acid transport and virulence in Staphylococcus aureus [J]. Infection and Immunity, 2015, 83(3): 1019-1029.
[25]
KAISER JC, KING AN, GRIGG JC, SHELDON JR, EDGELL DR, MURPHY MEP, BRINSMADE SR, HEINRICHS DE. Repression of branched-chain amino acid synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus is mediated by isoleucine via CodY, and by a leucine-rich attenuator peptide[J]. PLoS Genetics, 2018, 14(1): e1007159.
[26]
LOBEL L, SIGAL N, BOROVOK I, RUPPIN E, HERSKOVITS AA. Integrative genomic analysis identifies isoleucine and CodY as regulators of Listeria monocytogenes virulence[J]. PLoS Genetics, 2012, 8(9): e1002887.
[27]
GESBERT G, RAMOND E, TROS F, DAIROU J, FRAPY E, BAREL M, CHARBIT A. Importance of branched-chain amino acid utilization in Francisella intracellular adaptation[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2015, 83(1): 173-183.
[28]
STEPHENS AC, THURLOW LR, RICHARDSON AR. Mechanisms behind the indirect impact of metabolic regulators on virulence factor production in Staphylococcus aureus [J]. Microbiology Spectrum, 2022, 10(4): e0206322.
[29]
BORAH K, BEYß M, THEORELL A, WU HH, BASU P, MENDUM TA, NӦH K, BESTE DJV, McFADDEN J. Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis exploits multiple host nitrogen sources during growth in human macrophages[J]. Cell Reports, 2019, 29(11): 3580-3591.e4.
[30]
HABER A, FRIEDMAN S, LOBEL L, BURG-GOLANI T, SIGAL N, ROSE J, LIVNAT-LEVANON N, LEWINSON O, HERSKOVITS AA. l-glutamine induces expression of Listeria monocytogenes virulence genes[J]. PLoS Pathogens, 2017, 13(1): e1006161.
[31]
WÜSTNER S, MEJÍAS-LUQUE R, KOCH MF, RATH E, VIETH M, SIEBER SA, HALLER D, GERHARD M. Helicobacter pylori γ-glutamyltranspeptidase impairs T-lymphocyte function by compromising metabolic adaption through inhibition of cMyc and IRF4 expression[J]. Cellular Microbiology, 2015, 17(1): 51-61.
[32]
HÄRTEL T, KLEIN M, KOEDEL U, ROHDE M, PETRUSCHKA L, HAMMERSCHMIDT S. Impact of glutamine transporters on pneumococcal fitness under infection-related conditions[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2011, 79(1): 44-58.
[33]
TAMURA GS, NITTAYAJARN A, SCHOENTAG DL. A glutamine transport gene, glnQ, is required for fibronectin adherence and virulence of group B streptococci[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2002, 70(6): 2877-2885.
[34]
DENTOVSKAYA SV, VAGAISKAYA AS, PLATONOV ME, TRUNYAKOVA AS, KRASIL’NIKOVA EA, MAZURINA EM, GAPEL’CHENKOVA TV, LIPATNIKOVA NA, SHAIKHUTDINOVA RZ, IVANOV SA, KOMBAROVA TI, SEBBANE F, ANISIMOV AP. Protection elicited by glutamine auxotroph of Yersinia pestis [J]. Vaccines, 2025, 13(4): 353.
[35]
DING J, TAN LP, WU LZ, LI JY, ZHANG Y, SHEN ZS, ZHANG C, ZHAO CJ, GAO L. Regulation of tryptophan-indole metabolic pathway in Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence and microbiota dysbiosis in periodontitis[J]. NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes, 2025, 11: 37.
[36]
CHE JY, LIU BH, FANG QT, NISSA MU, LUO TY, WANG L, BAO BL. Biological studies reveal the role of trpA gene in biofilm formation, motility, hemolysis and virulence in Vibrio anguillarum [J]. Microbial Pathogenesis, 2025, 200: 107331.
[37]
LOTT JS. The tryptophan biosynthetic pathway is essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to cause disease[J]. Biochemical Society Transactions, 2020, 48(5): 2029-2037.
[38]
LIANG XH, DU WJ, HUANG L, XIANG L, PAN WX, YANG FY, ZHENG FF, XIE YW, GENG LL, GONG ST, XU WF. Helicobacter pylori promotes gastric intestinal Metaplasia through activation of IRF3-mediated kynurenine pathway[J]. Cell Communication and Signaling, 2023, 21(1): 141.
[39]
WU JL, WANG CH, O’BYRNE C. Metabolic reprogramming in the food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes as a critical defence against acid stress[J]. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2024, 371: fnae060.
[40]
CHARLIER D, BERVOETS I. Regulation of arginine biosynthesis, catabolism and transport in Escherichia coli [J]. Amino Acids, 2019, 51(8): 1103-1127.
[41]
WIEBE MA, BRANNON JR, STEINER BD, BAMIDELE A, SCHRIMPE-RUTLEDGE AC, CODREANU SG, SHERROD SD, McLEAN JA, HADJIFRANGISKOU M. Serine deamination is a new acid tolerance mechanism observed in uropathogenic Escherichia coli [J]. mBio, 2022, 13(6): e0296322.
[42]
KITAMOTO S, ALTERI CJ, RODRIGUES M, NAGAO-KITAMOTO H, SUGIHARA K, HIMPSL SD, BAZZI M, MIYOSHI M, NISHIOKA T, HAYASHI A, MORHARDT TL, KUFFA P, GRASBERGER H, EL-ZAATARI M, BISHU S, ISHII C, HIRAYAMA A, EATON KA, DOGAN B, SIMPSON KW, et al. Dietary l-serine confers a competitive fitness advantage to Enterobacteriaceae in the inflamed gut[J]. Nature Microbiology, 2019, 5(1): 116-125.
[43]
SIM HS, KWON YK, SONG H, HWANG GS, YEOM J. Regulation of antibiotic persistence and pathogenesis in Acinetobacter baumannii by glutamate and histidine metabolic pathways[J]. BMC Microbiology, 2025, 25(1): 74.
[44]
LONERGAN ZR, PALMER LD, SKAAR EP. Histidine utilization is a critical determinant of Acinetobacter pathogenesis[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2020, 88(7): e00118-20.
[45]
PENG C, CHENG YN, MA MT, CHEN Q, DUAN YJ, LIU SS, CHENG HY, YANG H, HUANG JP, BU WY, SHI CY, WU XY, CHEN JX, ZHENG RJ, LIU ZH, JI Z, WANG J, HUANG XC, WANG P, SHA W, et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis suppresses host antimicrobial peptides by dehydrogenating l-alanine[J]. Nature Communications, 2024, 15: 4216.
[46]
TIKHOMIROVA A, RAHMAN MM, KIDD SP, FERRERO RL, ROUJEINIKOVA A. Cysteine and resistance to oxidative stress: implications for virulence and antibiotic resistance[J]. Trends in Microbiology, 2024, 32(1): 93-104.
[47]
RODMAN N, MARTINEZ J, FUNG S, NAKANOUCHI J, MYERS AL, HARRIS CM, DANG E, FERNANDEZ JS, LIU C, MENDOZA AM, JIMENEZ V, NIKOLAIDIS N, BRENNAN CA, BONOMO RA, SIEIRA R, RAMIREZ MS. Human pleural fluid elicits pyruvate and phenylalanine metabolism in Acinetobacter baumannii to enhance cytotoxicity and immune evasion[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2019, 10: 1581.
[48]
BOULETTE ML, BAYNHAM PJ, JORTH PA, KUKAVICA-IBRULJ I, LONGORIA A, BARRERA K, LEVESQUE RC, WHITELEY M. Characterization of alanine catabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its importance for proliferation in vivo [J]. Journal of Bacteriology, 2009, 191(20): 6329-6334.
[49]
RIZVI A, VARGAS-CUEBAS G, EDWARDS AN, DiCANDIA MA, CARTER ZA, LEE CD, MONTEIRO MP, McBRIDE SM. Glycine fermentation by C. difficile promotes virulence and spore formation, and is induced by host cathelicidin[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2023, 91(10): e0031923.
[50]
COLICCHIO R, RICCI S, LAMBERTI F, PAGLIARULO C, PAGLIUCA C, BRAIONE V, BRACCINI T, TALÀ A, MONTANARO D, TRIPODI S, CINTORINO M, TRONCONE G, BUCCI C, POZZI G, BRUNI CB, ALIFANO P, SALVATORE P. The meningococcal ABC-Type l-glutamate transporter GltT is necessary for the development of experimental meningitis in mice[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2009, 77(9): 3578-3587.
[51]
BOURGEOIS JS, ZHOU DG, THURSTON TLM, GILCHRIST JJ, KO DC. Methylthioadenosine suppresses Salmonella virulence[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2018, 86(9): e00429-18.
[52]
RESLANE I, WATSON GF, HANDKE LD, FEY PD. Regulatory dynamics of arginine metabolism in Staphylococcus aureus [J]. Biochemical Society Transactions, 2024, 52(6): 2513-2523.
[53]
OOGAI Y, YAMAGUCHI M, KAWADA-MATSUO M, SUMITOMO T, KAWABATA S, KOMATSUZAWA H. Lysine and threonine biosynthesis from aspartate contributes to Staphylococcus aureus growth in calf serum[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2016, 82(20): 6150-6157.
[54]
HARRISON MA, KAUR H, WREN BW, DAWSON LF. Production of p-cresol by decarboxylation of p-HPA by all five lineages of Clostridioides difficile provides a growth advantage[J]. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2021, 11: 757599.
[55]
CHRISTGEN SL, BECKER DF. Role of proline in pathogen and host interactions[J]. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, 2019, 30(4): 683-709.
[56]
CERSOSIMO LM, GRAHAM M, MONESTIER A, PAVAO A, WORLEY JN, PELTIER J, DUPUY B, BRY L. Central in vivo mechanisms by which C. difficile’s proline reductase drives efficient metabolism, growth, and toxin production[J]. bioRxiv, 2023: 2023.05.19.541423.
[57]
BERNARD C, LIU Y, LARROUY-MAUMUS G, GUILHOT C, CAM K, CHALUT C. Altered serine metabolism promotes drug tolerance in Mycobacterium abscessus via a WhiB7-mediated adaptive stress response[J]. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2024, 68(6): e0145623.
[58]
RÉVORA V, MARCHESINI MI, COMERCI DJ. Brucella abortus depends on l-serine biosynthesis for intracellular proliferation[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2020, 88(2): e00840-19.
[59]
McLAUGHLIN PA, McCLELLAND M, YANG HJ, PORWOLLIK S, BOGOMOLNAYA L, CHEN JS, ANDREWS-POLYMENIS H, van der VELDEN AWM. Contribution of asparagine catabolism to Salmonella virulence[J]. Infection and Immunity, 2017, 85(2): e00740-16.
[60]
GESBERT G, RAMOND E, RIGARD M, FRAPY E, DUPUIS M, DUBAIL I, BAREL M, HENRY T, MEIBOM K, CHARBIT A. Asparagine assimilation is critical for intracellular replication and dissemination of Francisella [J]. Cellular Microbiology, 2014, 16(3): 434-449.
[61]
SHIBAYAMA K, TAKEUCHI H, WACHINO JI, MORI S, ARAKAWA Y. Biochemical and pathophysiological characterization of Helicobacter pylori asparaginase[J]. Microbiology and Immunology, 2011, 55(6): 408-417.
[62]
DWIVEDY A, ASHRAF A, JHA B, KUMAR D, AGARWAL N, BISWAL BK. De novo histidine biosynthesis protects Mycobacterium tuberculosis from host IFN-γ mediated histidine starvation[J]. Communications Biology, 2021, 4: 410.
[63]
MIYAMOTO T, HOMMA H. d-amino acid metabolism in bacteria[J]. The Journal of Biochemistry, 2021, 170(1): 5-13.
[64]
纪芳, 陈博磊, 梁勇. d-氨基酸在细菌生理中的结构性能和调节功能的研究进展[J]. 微生物学报, 2018, 58(12): 2078-2086.
JI F, CHEN BL, LIANG Y. Roles of d-amino acids on the physiological structure and regulatory function of bacteria[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2018, 58(12): 2078-2086 (in Chinese).
[65]
CAVA F, de PEDRO MA, LAM H, DAVIS BM, WALDOR MK. Distinct pathways for modification of the bacterial cell wall by non-canonical d-amino acids[J]. EMBO Journal, 2011, 30(16): 3442-3453.
[66]
LE NH, PETERS K, ESPAILLAT A, SHELDON JR, GRAY J, Di VENANZIO G, LOPEZ J, DJAHANSCHIRI B, MUELLER EA, HENNON SW, LEVIN PA, EBERSBERGER I, SKAAR EP, CAVA F, VOLLMER W, FELDMAN MF. Peptidoglycan editing provides immunity to Acinetobacter baumannii during bacterial warfare[J]. Science Advances, 2020, 6(30): eabb5614.
[67]
ALVAREZ L, CAVA F. Bacterial competition assay based on extracellular d-amino acid production[J]. Bio-protocol, 2018, 8(7): e2787.
[68]
KOLODKIN-GAL I, ROMERO D, CAO SG, CLARDY J, KOLTER R, LOSICK R. d-amino acids trigger biofilm disassembly[J]. Science, 2010, 328(5978): 627-629.
[69]
CHENG HY, JI Z, WANG Y, LI SZ, TANG TQ, WANG F, PENG C, WU XY, CHENG YN, LIU ZH, MA MT, WANG J, HUANG XC, WANG L, QIN LH, LIU HP, CHEN JX, ZHENG RJ, FENG CG, CAI X, et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces d-serine under hypoxia to limit CD8+ T cell-dependent immunity in mice[J]. Nature Microbiology, 2024, 9(7): 1856-1872.
[70]
ZHANG HC, MI ZW, WANG JM, ZHANG J. d-histidine combated biofilm formation and enhanced the effect of amikacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro [J]. Archives of Microbiology, 2024, 206(4): 148.
[71]
CHATTOPADHYAY A, KELKAR DA. Ion channels and d-amino acids[J]. Journal of Biosciences, 2005, 30(2): 147-149.
[72]
QIU S, ZHU RR, ZHAO YY, AN XP, JIA FJ, PENG JX, MA ZL, ZHU YY, WANG JY, SU JH, WANG QJ, WANG HL, LI Y, WANG KR, YAN WJ, WANG R. Antimicrobial activity and stability of protonectin with d-amino acid substitutions[J]. Journal of Peptide Science, 2017, 23(5): 392-402.
[73]
GONDA Y, MATSUDA A, ADACHI K, ISHII C, SUZUKI M, OSAKI A, MITA M, NISHIZAKI N, OHTOMO Y, SHIMIZU T, YASUI M, HAMASE K, SASABE J. Mammals sustain amino acid homochirality against chiral conversion by symbiotic microbes[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2023, 120(15): e2300817120.
[74]
BERNEY M, BERNEY-MEYER L. Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the face of host-imposed nutrient limitation[J/OL]. Microbiology Spectrum, 2017. 10.1128/microbiolspec.tbtb2-10.1128/microbiolspec.t0030-2016.
[75]
KWAIK Y ABU, BUMANN D. Microbial quest for food in vivo: ‘nutritional virulence’ as an emerging paradigm[J]. Cellular Microbiology, 2013, 15(6): 882-890.
[76]
REN WK, RAJENDRAN R, ZHAO YY, TAN B, WU GY, BAZER FW, ZHU GQ, PENG YY, HUANG XS, DENG JP, YIN YL. Amino acids as mediators of metabolic cross talk between host and pathogen[J]. Frontiers in Immunology, 2018, 9: 319.
[77]
SMITH AB, JENIOR ML, KEENAN O, HART JL, SPECKER J, ABBAS A, RANGEL PC, DI C, GREEN J, BUSTIN KA, GADDY JA, NICHOLSON MR, LAUT C, KELLY BJ, MATTHEWS ML, EVANS DR, van TYNE D, FURTH EE, PAPIN JA, BUSHMAN FD, et al. Enterococci enhance Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis[J]. Nature, 2022, 611(7937): 780-786.
[78]
CABALLERO-FLORES G, PICKARD JM, NÚÑEZ G. Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance: mechanisms and regulation[J]. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2022, 21(6): 347-360.
[79]
DENG L, WANG SH. Colonization resistance: the role of gut microbiota in preventing Salmonella invasion and infection[J]. Gut Microbes, 2024, 16(1): 2424914.
[80]
NEGATU DA, YAMADA Y, XI Y, GO ML, ZIMMERMAN M, GANAPATHY U, DARTOIS V, GENGENBACHER M, DICK T. Gut microbiota metabolite indole propionic acid targets tryptophan biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis [J]. mBio, 2019, 10(2): e02781-18.
2025年第65卷第12期
PDF下载
303
144
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250459
  • 接收时间：2025-06-12
  • 首发时间：2025-12-08
  • 出版时间：2025-12-04
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期：2025-06-12
  • 录用日期：2025-07-28
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20526)
国家自然科学基金(U22A20526)
作者信息
    1.军事医学研究院，病原微生物生物安全全国重点实验室，北京
    2.厦门大学附属成功医院，福建 厦门

通讯作者:

通讯作者:

参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250459
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏
相关链接
论文
最新文章
热读文章
热点专题
内参
蓝皮书
产业发展报告
传播力报告
期刊分级目录
资讯
学术新闻
行业新闻
学术会议
行业会议
关于
关于我们
联系我们
北京市海淀区学院南路86号
100081
010-62199257
qkjq@cast.org.cn

中国科学技术协会版权所有 京ICP 备10216604号-4 海淀分局备案 1101084647
科技导报社主办 中国科协信息中心技术支持