Article(id=1204800730642232303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1204800727341310425, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250376, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1746720000000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1754150400000, acceptedDateStr=2025-08-03, onlineDate=1765176478300, onlineDateStr=2025-12-08, pubDate=1764777600000, pubDateStr=2025-12-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765176478300, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-08, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765176478300, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765176478300, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1204800727341310425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2025', volume='65', issue='12', pageStart='5191', pageEnd='5649', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765176477513, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765176611928, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1204801291189986067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1204800727341310425, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1204801291189986068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1204800727341310425, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=5392, endPage=5405, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1204800731812443136, articleId=1204800730642232303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Burkholderia sp. YQ9 promotes the growth of Trifolium repens and improves the soil fertility, columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective Developing plant-microbe combined techniques is significant for addressing the problem of declining cropland quality in China and enriching the approaches for biological remediation of degraded soils. Methods The plant growth-promoting traits of Burkholderia sp. YQ9 were determined by assessing its cellulase, protease, and ammonia production. Subsequently, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different dilutions of Burkholderia sp. YQ9 inoculant and culture medium on the growth of white clover (Trifolium repens) and the physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil. Furthermore, high-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze the impacts of different treatments on the structure of the rhizosphere microbial community. Results Burkholderia sp. YQ9 exhibited plant growth-promoting traits, being capable of producing cellulase, protease, and ammonia. White clover improved the pH environment of the rhizosphere soil. Application of the original inoculant of Burkholderia sp. YQ9 promoted white clover growth, significantly enhancing the content of soluble protein and soluble sugar in the shoots and leaves, as well as the levels of available phosphorus and available potassium in the rhizosphere soil, thereby facilitating organic matter decomposition. Analysis of microbial alpha diversity in the rhizosphere soil revealed that both the original inoculant of Burkholderia sp. YQ9 and the culture medium significantly reduced the richness, diversity, and evenness of both fungal and bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil and altered the composition of the soil microbial community. The correlation analysis further indicated that the microbial community in the rhizosphere soil was correlated with white clover growth and soil physicochemical properties. Conclusion Burkholderia sp. YQ9 not only promoted the growth of white clover but also modified the composition of the rhizosphere microbial community and improved the soil fertility. These findings provide microbial augmentation-based technical support for enhancing cropland quality.

, correspAuthors=Fangbo YU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail:
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目的 为应对我国耕地质量下降问题,丰富生物改良与修复退化土壤的手段,研发植物-微生物联合技术具有重要意义。 方法 测定伯克霍尔德氏菌属(Burkholderia sp.) YQ9菌株产纤维素酶、蛋白酶及氨的能力,明确其促生特性;通过盆栽试验测定不同稀释倍数的Burkholderia sp. YQ9菌剂和培养基对白三叶生长及根际土壤理化性质的影响;利用高通量测序技术分析不同处理对白三叶根际微生物群落结构的影响。 结果 Burkholderia sp. YQ9具备产纤维素酶、蛋白酶和氨等促生特性;白三叶能够改善根际土壤酸碱环境;Burkholderia sp. YQ9菌剂原液可促进白三叶生长,显著提高其茎叶中可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖的含量,以及根际土壤中有效磷和速效钾的含量,促进有机质分解。白三叶根际微生物群落α多样性分析结果显示,Burkholderia sp. YQ9菌剂原液和培养基原液显著降低了根际土壤中真菌和细菌的丰富度、多样性和均匀度,改变了土壤微生物群落组成。相关性分析结果表明,根际土壤微生物群落与白三叶生长、土壤理化指标相关。 结论 Burkholderia sp. YQ9菌剂不仅能促进白三叶生长,还能改变根际土壤微生物群落组成、改善土壤肥力状况。该结果可为基于微生物强化的耕地质量提升提供技术支持。

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Science of The Total Environment, 2020, 700: 134418., articleTitle=Responses of the rhizosphere bacterial community in acidic crop soil to pH: changes in diversity, composition, interaction, and function, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784609425773405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=53, issue=1, pageStart=32, pageEnd=41, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=55, authorNames=赵玳琳, 赵诗灿, 何海永, 谭清群, 李继业, journalName=贵州农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵玳琳, 赵诗灿, 何海永, 谭清群, 李继业. 木霉GYSW-6mL在百合根际土壤的定殖及其对微生物多样性的影响[J]. 贵州农业科学, 2025, 53(1): 32-41., articleTitle=木霉GYSW-6mL在百合根际土壤的定殖及其对微生物多样性的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784609576768354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=53, issue=1, pageStart=32, pageEnd=41, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=56, authorNames=ZHAO DL, ZHAO SC, HE HY, TAN QQ, LI JY, journalName=Guizhou Agricultural Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO DL, ZHAO SC, HE HY, TAN QQ, LI JY. 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Effect of Pennisetum sp. and its different growth periods on physical-chemical properties and bacterial diversity in sandstone areas[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2019, 59(10): 2038-2050 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784609790677867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=2, pageStart=138, pageEnd=152, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=59, authorNames=ASAF S, NUMAN M, KHAN AL, AL-HARRASI A, journalName=Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ASAF S, NUMAN M, KHAN AL, AL-HARRASI A. Sphingomonas: from diversity and genomics to functional role in environmental remediation and plant growth[J]. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 2020, 40(2): 138-152., articleTitle=Sphingomonas: from diversity and genomics to functional role in environmental remediation and plant growth, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784609887146858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=10, issue=1, pageStart=151, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=60, authorNames=MUJAKIĆ I, PIWOSZ K, KOBLÍŽEK M, journalName=Microorganisms, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MUJAKIĆ I, PIWOSZ K, KOBLÍŽEK M. Phylum Gemmatimonadota and its role in the environment[J]. Microorganisms, 2022, 10(1): 151., articleTitle=Phylum Gemmatimonadota and its role in the environment, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1217784601741808088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, awardId=32102299, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102299), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217784601842471391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, awardId=32102299, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(32102299), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217784602022826475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, awardId=32102472, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102472), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217784602152849908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, awardId=32102472, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(32102472), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217784602261901819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, awardId=2013TD12, language=EN, fundingSource=Key Innovation Team Support Project of Zhejiang Province(2013TD12), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217784602408702466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, awardId=2013TD12, language=CN, fundingSource=浙江省重点创新团队资助项目(2013TD12), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1217784595127391211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784595148362735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, companyId=1217784595127391211, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Soil Remediation and Quality Improvement of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1217784595160945648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, companyId=1217784595127391211, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=浙江农林大学 环境与资源学院,浙江省土壤修复与质量提升重点实验室,浙江 杭州)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1217784598675771663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Morphology of Burkholderia sp. YQ9 under transmission electron microscope and colony morphology on LB plate.A: Transmission electron microscope image of Burkholderia sp. YQ9; B: Colonial morphology of Burkholderia sp. YQ9 on LB medium., figureFileSmall=Uz8MV2LkzEl5XHB8QWo6bQ==, figureFileBig=v2KDC6Q3lsD5zJL+GNj2cQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784598784823579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=CN, label=图1, caption=透射电子显微镜下的 Burkholderia sp. YQ9及其在LB培养基上的菌落形态。A:Burkholderia sp. YQ9透射电子显微镜照片;B:Burkholderia sp. YQ9在LB培养基上的菌落形态。, figureFileSmall=Uz8MV2LkzEl5XHB8QWo6bQ==, figureFileBig=v2KDC6Q3lsD5zJL+GNj2cQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784598898069799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Analysis of growth-promoting characteristics of Burkholderia sp. YQ9.A: Cellulolytic enzyme test dish; B: Protease-producing test dish; C: Potassium solution test dish; D: Ammonia production test tube., figureFileSmall=ZmaT4RInuKuX1dVCaqW51g==, figureFileBig=phqjROTzz4MrYGsIrrRETg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784599195865388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=CN, label=图2, caption=Burkholderia sp. YQ9促生特性分析。A:产纤维素酶测试平板;B:产蛋白酶测试平板;C:解钾测试平板;D:产氨测试试管。, figureFileSmall=ZmaT4RInuKuX1dVCaqW51g==, figureFileBig=phqjROTzz4MrYGsIrrRETg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784599283945779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Effects of different treatments on soluble sugar and soluble protein content in aboveground parts of white clover.A: Soluble protein content; B: Soluble sugar content. Different lowercase letters meant significant difference at 0.05 level., figureFileSmall=ZTGleqNJPw9ZlpMgVKVZBA==, figureFileBig=pKy67j/SuOk9bcvG/YFGag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784599384609086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同处理对白三叶地上部可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量的影响。A:可溶性蛋白含量;B:可溶性糖含量。不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。, figureFileSmall=ZTGleqNJPw9ZlpMgVKVZBA==, figureFileBig=pKy67j/SuOk9bcvG/YFGag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784599468495177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Relative abundance analysis of fungal community at phylum level. S: Test soil. The same below., figureFileSmall=o7GyKRmS9VtSKO+x/eu3Lg==, figureFileBig=oh2jkxwTPX+z0r0Aw34MQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784599590130001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=CN, label=图4, caption=真菌群落门分类水平相对丰度分析, figureFileSmall=o7GyKRmS9VtSKO+x/eu3Lg==, figureFileBig=oh2jkxwTPX+z0r0Aw34MQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784599703376217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Relative abundance analysis of fungal community at genus level., figureFileSmall=+Xq+iFV4LuJ7urLaLaFGzw==, figureFileBig=hQrNq9wkRxSO/YgnLLtrcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784599816622433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=CN, label=图5, caption=真菌群落属分类水平相对丰度分析, figureFileSmall=+Xq+iFV4LuJ7urLaLaFGzw==, figureFileBig=hQrNq9wkRxSO/YgnLLtrcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784599917285737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Relative abundance analysis of bacterial community at phylum level., figureFileSmall=a1LbRpZB4ifF5XdXsGrsRg==, figureFileBig=LR+YvNsYuo8bnjVg7BE3EA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600085057906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=CN, label=图6, caption=细菌群落门分类水平相对丰度分析, figureFileSmall=a1LbRpZB4ifF5XdXsGrsRg==, figureFileBig=LR+YvNsYuo8bnjVg7BE3EA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600194109817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Relative abundance analysis of bacterial community at genus level., figureFileSmall=vHKTeAW0wi06JLJvcsdzmg==, figureFileBig=FPhgNoLZnbCv9YTXSFDMNg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600311550338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=CN, label=图7, caption=细菌群落属分类水平相对丰度分析, figureFileSmall=vHKTeAW0wi06JLJvcsdzmg==, figureFileBig=FPhgNoLZnbCv9YTXSFDMNg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600412213640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Correlation between rhizosphere soil microbial relative abundance at the phylum level and white clover growth indicators. A: Soluble protein content; B: Soluble sugar content; C: Root length; D: Plant height; E: Fresh weight of the aboveground part; F: Fresh weight of roots. *: P<0.05; **: P<0.01; ***: P<0.001., figureFileSmall=O+6eU/zbsoRge3NjqX9M0w==, figureFileBig=nhJHmIcLOAY8kkg/NK3Brw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600521265552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=CN, label=图8, caption=根际土壤微生物门水平相对丰度与白三叶生长指标相关性分析。A:可溶性蛋白含量;B:可溶性糖含量;C:根长;D:株高;E:地上部鲜重;F:根部鲜重。, figureFileSmall=O+6eU/zbsoRge3NjqX9M0w==, figureFileBig=nhJHmIcLOAY8kkg/NK3Brw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600638706068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=EN, label=Figure 9, caption=Correlation between rhizosphere soil microbial relative abundance at the phylum level and soil physicochemical factors.AP: Available phosphorus; AK: Available potassium; OM: Organic matter; AN: Available nitrogen. *: P<0.05; **: P<0.01; ***: P<0.001., figureFileSmall=E68J4jLio92RMVdbIjyNxw==, figureFileBig=NUaouFnAubw2Kf2CPF2ENg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600777118109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=CN, label=图9, caption=根际土壤微生物群落门水平相对丰度与土壤理化因子相关性分析。AP:有效磷;AK:速效钾;OM:有机质;AN:碱解氮。, figureFileSmall=E68J4jLio92RMVdbIjyNxw==, figureFileBig=NUaouFnAubw2Kf2CPF2ENg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600877781412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Effects of different treatments on growth indicators of white clover

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Treatment

根长

Root length (cm)

株高

Plant height (cm)

鲜重Fresh weight (g/plant)

地上部

Above-ground part

根部

Root

CK19.20±0.59bc22.43±0.42c3.71±0.13c0.72±0.11c
T120.57±0.27ab26.80±0.25a10.24±0.13a3.51±0.03a
T219.07±0.42bc24.97±0.68b3.73±0.31c1.53±0.08b
T318.27±0.44c24.83±0.32b3.57±0.21cd1.45±0.04b
T421.90±0.75a24.97±0.38b9.23±0.27b3.72±0.22a
T520.23±0.52abc23.67±0.22bc3.72±0.36c1.20±0.04b
T619.77±0.98bc22.40±0.96c2.86±0.32d0.81±0.10c
), ArticleFig(id=1217784601037164970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同处理对白三叶不同生长指标的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Treatment

根长

Root length (cm)

株高

Plant height (cm)

鲜重Fresh weight (g/plant)

地上部

Above-ground part

根部

Root

CK19.20±0.59bc22.43±0.42c3.71±0.13c0.72±0.11c
T120.57±0.27ab26.80±0.25a10.24±0.13a3.51±0.03a
T219.07±0.42bc24.97±0.68b3.73±0.31c1.53±0.08b
T318.27±0.44c24.83±0.32b3.57±0.21cd1.45±0.04b
T421.90±0.75a24.97±0.38b9.23±0.27b3.72±0.22a
T520.23±0.52abc23.67±0.22bc3.72±0.36c1.20±0.04b
T619.77±0.98bc22.40±0.96c2.86±0.32d0.81±0.10c
), ArticleFig(id=1217784601137828273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Analysis of physicochemical properties of white clover rhizosphere soil with different treatments

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理TreatmentpH

电导率

Electrical conductivity (µS/cm)

有效磷

Available P

(mg/kg)

速效钾

Available K

(mg/kg)

碱解氮

Available N

(mg/kg)

有机质

Organic matter (g/kg)

Potted soil4.79±0.01e44.87±0.24cd0.13±0.03d37.38±0.77g79.06±1.55ab36.57±0.13b
CK4.97±0.02b31.83±9.37d0.24±0.05d44.38±0.13f66.14±3.20d36.05±0.22bc
T14.86±0.03d111.70±2.37b3.95±0.09a283.94±1.84a75.71±1.93bc34.81±0.23e
T25.03±0.01a40.63±0.72d0.32±0.04d54.54±0.65c87.50±0.91a35.27±0.13de
T34.98±0.01b59.10±2.51c0.94±0.21c53.76±0.92cd72.56±2.63bcd35.89±0.28bcd
T44.77±0.00e126.53±8.43a3.38±0.09b264.89±2.63b71.42±2.37bcd37.28±0.23a
T54.93±0.01c45.27±0.27cd0.32±0.05d50.01±0.86de77.77±1.30b36.26±0.29bc
T65.02±0.02ab39.10±0.17d0.28±0.08d47.30±0.26ef66.69±5.94cd35.81±0.10cd
), ArticleFig(id=1217784601267851707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同处理白三叶根际土壤理化性质分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理TreatmentpH

电导率

Electrical conductivity (µS/cm)

有效磷

Available P

(mg/kg)

速效钾

Available K

(mg/kg)

碱解氮

Available N

(mg/kg)

有机质

Organic matter (g/kg)

Potted soil4.79±0.01e44.87±0.24cd0.13±0.03d37.38±0.77g79.06±1.55ab36.57±0.13b
CK4.97±0.02b31.83±9.37d0.24±0.05d44.38±0.13f66.14±3.20d36.05±0.22bc
T14.86±0.03d111.70±2.37b3.95±0.09a283.94±1.84a75.71±1.93bc34.81±0.23e
T25.03±0.01a40.63±0.72d0.32±0.04d54.54±0.65c87.50±0.91a35.27±0.13de
T34.98±0.01b59.10±2.51c0.94±0.21c53.76±0.92cd72.56±2.63bcd35.89±0.28bcd
T44.77±0.00e126.53±8.43a3.38±0.09b264.89±2.63b71.42±2.37bcd37.28±0.23a
T54.93±0.01c45.27±0.27cd0.32±0.05d50.01±0.86de77.77±1.30b36.26±0.29bc
T65.02±0.02ab39.10±0.17d0.28±0.08d47.30±0.26ef66.69±5.94cd35.81±0.10cd
), ArticleFig(id=1217784601410458050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Alpha diversity of fungi and bacteria in rhizosphere soil of white clover

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处理Treatment真菌Fungi细菌Bacteria

Chao1指数

Chao1 index

Shannon指数

Shannon index

Simpson指数

Simpson index

Chao1指数

Chao1 index

Shannon指数

Shannon index

Simpson指数

Simpson index

Potted soil483.31±36.73a6.14±0.07a0.965 9±0.001 9a4 115.56±87.27a10.92±0.03a0.998 9±0.000 0a
CK422.79±1.87b5.82±0.03c0.949 7±0.001 0b3 682.22±92.50b10.16±0.09c0.995 8±0.000 5c
T1312.16±3.63de5.35±0.01e0.932 6±0.000 6c3 248.30±21.68c9.55±0.04d0.991 7±0.000 3d
T2273.21±10.58e5.59±0.01d0.951 7±0.000 4b3 801.89±148.49b10.29±0.05bc0.996 9±0.000 1b
T3344.76±3.01cd5.81±0.02c0.952 4±0.001 3b3 648.63±37.23b10.29±0.03bc0.997 2±0.000 1b
T4303.74±3.61de5.18±0.03f0.923 5±0.001 9d3 134.88±47.67c9.50±0.05d0.990 0±0.000 5e
T5268.95±18.25e5.66±0.05d0.949 4±0.000 8b3 794.99±88.12b10.32±0.03b0.997 2±0.000 1b
T6364.52±4.47c6.03±0.01b0.963 5±0.000 3a3 670.78±34.53b10.30±0.03bc0.996 9±0.000 1b
), ArticleFig(id=1217784601519509965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800730642232303, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

白三叶根际土壤中真菌与细菌α多样性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理Treatment真菌Fungi细菌Bacteria

Chao1指数

Chao1 index

Shannon指数

Shannon index

Simpson指数

Simpson index

Chao1指数

Chao1 index

Shannon指数

Shannon index

Simpson指数

Simpson index

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CK422.79±1.87b5.82±0.03c0.949 7±0.001 0b3 682.22±92.50b10.16±0.09c0.995 8±0.000 5c
T1312.16±3.63de5.35±0.01e0.932 6±0.000 6c3 248.30±21.68c9.55±0.04d0.991 7±0.000 3d
T2273.21±10.58e5.59±0.01d0.951 7±0.000 4b3 801.89±148.49b10.29±0.05bc0.996 9±0.000 1b
T3344.76±3.01cd5.81±0.02c0.952 4±0.001 3b3 648.63±37.23b10.29±0.03bc0.997 2±0.000 1b
T4303.74±3.61de5.18±0.03f0.923 5±0.001 9d3 134.88±47.67c9.50±0.05d0.990 0±0.000 5e
T5268.95±18.25e5.66±0.05d0.949 4±0.000 8b3 794.99±88.12b10.32±0.03b0.997 2±0.000 1b
T6364.52±4.47c6.03±0.01b0.963 5±0.000 3a3 670.78±34.53b10.30±0.03bc0.996 9±0.000 1b
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伯克霍尔德氏菌属(Burkholderia sp.) YQ9菌剂对白三叶生长和改良土壤的影响
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李春艳 , 王钱进 , 赵梦丽 , 邱巍 , 虞方伯 *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025,65(12): 5392-5405
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025, 65(12): 5392-5405
伯克霍尔德氏菌属(Burkholderia sp.) YQ9菌剂对白三叶生长和改良土壤的影响
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李春艳, 王钱进, 赵梦丽, 邱巍, 虞方伯*
作者信息
  • 浙江农林大学 环境与资源学院,浙江省土壤修复与质量提升重点实验室,浙江 杭州
Burkholderia sp. YQ9 promotes the growth of Trifolium repens and improves the soil fertility
Chunyan LI, Qianjin WANG, Mengli ZHAO, Wei QIU, Fangbo YU*
Affiliations
  • Key Laboratory of Soil Remediation and Quality Improvement of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
出版时间: 2025-12-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250376
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目的 为应对我国耕地质量下降问题,丰富生物改良与修复退化土壤的手段,研发植物-微生物联合技术具有重要意义。 方法 测定伯克霍尔德氏菌属(Burkholderia sp.) YQ9菌株产纤维素酶、蛋白酶及氨的能力,明确其促生特性;通过盆栽试验测定不同稀释倍数的Burkholderia sp. YQ9菌剂和培养基对白三叶生长及根际土壤理化性质的影响;利用高通量测序技术分析不同处理对白三叶根际微生物群落结构的影响。 结果 Burkholderia sp. YQ9具备产纤维素酶、蛋白酶和氨等促生特性;白三叶能够改善根际土壤酸碱环境;Burkholderia sp. YQ9菌剂原液可促进白三叶生长,显著提高其茎叶中可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖的含量,以及根际土壤中有效磷和速效钾的含量,促进有机质分解。白三叶根际微生物群落α多样性分析结果显示,Burkholderia sp. YQ9菌剂原液和培养基原液显著降低了根际土壤中真菌和细菌的丰富度、多样性和均匀度,改变了土壤微生物群落组成。相关性分析结果表明,根际土壤微生物群落与白三叶生长、土壤理化指标相关。 结论 Burkholderia sp. YQ9菌剂不仅能促进白三叶生长,还能改变根际土壤微生物群落组成、改善土壤肥力状况。该结果可为基于微生物强化的耕地质量提升提供技术支持。

伯克霍尔德氏菌  /  白三叶  /  根际  /  微生物群落

Objective Developing plant-microbe combined techniques is significant for addressing the problem of declining cropland quality in China and enriching the approaches for biological remediation of degraded soils. Methods The plant growth-promoting traits of Burkholderia sp. YQ9 were determined by assessing its cellulase, protease, and ammonia production. Subsequently, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different dilutions of Burkholderia sp. YQ9 inoculant and culture medium on the growth of white clover (Trifolium repens) and the physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil. Furthermore, high-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze the impacts of different treatments on the structure of the rhizosphere microbial community. Results Burkholderia sp. YQ9 exhibited plant growth-promoting traits, being capable of producing cellulase, protease, and ammonia. White clover improved the pH environment of the rhizosphere soil. Application of the original inoculant of Burkholderia sp. YQ9 promoted white clover growth, significantly enhancing the content of soluble protein and soluble sugar in the shoots and leaves, as well as the levels of available phosphorus and available potassium in the rhizosphere soil, thereby facilitating organic matter decomposition. Analysis of microbial alpha diversity in the rhizosphere soil revealed that both the original inoculant of Burkholderia sp. YQ9 and the culture medium significantly reduced the richness, diversity, and evenness of both fungal and bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil and altered the composition of the soil microbial community. The correlation analysis further indicated that the microbial community in the rhizosphere soil was correlated with white clover growth and soil physicochemical properties. Conclusion Burkholderia sp. YQ9 not only promoted the growth of white clover but also modified the composition of the rhizosphere microbial community and improved the soil fertility. These findings provide microbial augmentation-based technical support for enhancing cropland quality.

Burkholderia sp.  /  Trifolium repens  /  rhizosphere  /  microbial community
李春艳, 王钱进, 赵梦丽, 邱巍, 虞方伯. 伯克霍尔德氏菌属(Burkholderia sp.) YQ9菌剂对白三叶生长和改良土壤的影响. 微生物学报, 2025 , 65 (12) : 5392 -5405 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250376
Chunyan LI, Qianjin WANG, Mengli ZHAO, Wei QIU, Fangbo YU. Burkholderia sp. YQ9 promotes the growth of Trifolium repens and improves the soil fertility[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2025 , 65 (12) : 5392 -5405 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250376
耕地是人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础,保障其数量和质量直接关系到国家粮食安全、生态安全以及农业可持续发展。尽管我国高度重视耕地质量建设,出台并实施了高标准农田建设、土地综合整治等策略,但随着工业化、城镇化的推进耕地被过度开发,部分耕地受立地条件、水土资源匹配、“占优补劣”等因素限制,形势十分严峻[1]。《2019年全国耕地质量等级情况公报》显示,全国耕地质量平均等级仅为4.76等,中低产田占耕地总面积的68.8%,其中22%为处于4-10等的低产田[2]。低产田基础地力差,存在盐渍化、潜育化、障碍层次和瘠薄等多种障碍因素,短时间内难以改善。提升中低产田的耕地质量对提高粮食产量、促进社会经济发展、保护和改善生态环境、实现农业可持续发展以及优化土地资源分配等具有重要意义。因此加强耕地质量管理、提升耕地基础地力成为确保我国粮食安全和推进农业可持续发展的重要任务。
近年来,土壤生物改良技术研究与应用过程中暴露出若干问题,突出表现为单一方法效率低下、适用范围狭小,而联合改良技术因兼具多种优势而日益受到青睐[3]。植物-微生物联合改良技术是一种结合植物和微生物改良优势的环境治理方法。功能微生物能够为植物提供必需养分,促进植物生长,增强植物的抗逆能力,降解或固定污染物,改善土壤结构[4],在养分循环、土壤健康和植物生产力提升等方面发挥着关键作用,有助于减少对化学肥料的依赖[5]。Zhu等[6]研究表明,植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)能够改善高丹草种植土壤环境,与对照相比蔗糖酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶含量显著提升,同时促进了植株生长,提高了抗逆性,显著减少了重金属的积累。邱勤等[7]研究表明,紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)配施巨大普里斯特氏菌(Priestia megaterium)、胶胨样类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus mucilaginosus)以及联合固氮菌等能够显著增加新垦地土壤微生物数量,提高土壤肥力,促进紫花苜蓿生长。
白三叶(Trifolium repens)为豆科车轴草属多年生草本植物,具有蓄水保墒作用,能够提高土壤肥力、改良土壤结构。周泽弘等[8]研究发现,紫色土柑橘园长期种植白三叶后土壤大团聚体含量有所增加,土壤中有机碳和全氮含量显著提高。伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burkholderia)作为一类重要的植物根际促生菌(plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR),具有提高植物光合作用速率、水分利用效率,合成抗菌物质以及促进养分循环等特性,在提高农业生产力方面具有巨大潜力[9]。Dourado等[10]研究表明,Burkholderia sp. SCMS54能够产吲哚乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)、铁载体,溶解无机磷酸盐,降低番茄植株过氧化物水平和黄化程度,并提高其对重金属镉的耐受性。陈详腾等[11]研究表明,乌汶伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burkholderia ubonensis) P5菌剂处理显著促进了杉木幼苗生长,显著提高了土壤有效磷和速效钾含量。目前,关于白三叶-PGPR联合改良土壤的应用研究较少,加大研究力度有望为改善土壤环境和提高作物产量提供新的方案。本研究以课题组前期所获Burkholderia sp. YQ9为供试菌株,该菌株的首次报道[12]指出,Burkholderia sp. YQ9铁载体活性单位为96.6%,属高产铁载体菌范畴;IAA、1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, ACC)脱氨酶产量和溶磷量分别为6.9 mg/L、8.7 μmol α-KA/(h·mg)和104.1 mg/L;所产铁载体能够与Fe3+、Zn2+、Cd2+等金属离子有效结合。
本研究在明确Burkholderia sp. YQ9产纤维素酶、蛋白酶,解钾和产氨能力的基础上,系统研究菌剂对白三叶生长(可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量、根长、株高、鲜重等)、根际土壤理化性质(pH、电导率、有效磷、速效钾、有机质等)以及微生物多样性的影响,以期深化对植物-微生物联合改良土壤的认知,丰富相关学科研究内容与应用实践,并在开发农业微生物种质资源的同时助力农业可持续发展。
供试菌株为Burkholderia sp. YQ9。
供试白三叶种子购自沭阳鑫意园绿化苗木场。挑选大小均匀、颗粒饱满的种子,用5%次氯酸钠溶液消毒,经无菌水冲洗后播种。
LB培养基、羧甲基纤维素钠固体培养基、牛奶固体培养基、钾长石固体培养基和蛋白胨水培养基的配制参照文献[13]进行。
基础培养基(g/L):葡萄糖5.0,硫酸铵2.0,柠檬酸钠1.0,七水硫酸镁2.0,磷酸氢二钾4.0,磷酸二氢钾6.0,pH 7.4,121 ℃灭菌30 min。
Burkholderia sp. YQ9接入上述培养基,28 ℃、150 r/min振荡培养24 h。Burkholderia sp. YQ9菌剂施用时,调节OD600至0.6。
供试土壤取自杭州市临安区浙江农林大学东湖校区(30°15′22′′N,119°43′44′′E),土壤理化性质(pH、电导率、有效磷、速效钾、有机质)分析参照《土壤农化分析》[14]进行。
挑取单菌落至蛋白胨水培养基中,28 °C、150 r/min培养24 h。调节菌液OD600为0.6,取30 μL菌液分别点接至羧甲基纤维素钠固体培养基、牛奶固体培养基和钾长石固体培养基表面的无菌滤纸片(φ=10.0 mm)上,待菌液吸收后倒置于28 ℃培养箱中培养72 h,观察透明圈产生情况。
按体积分数0.5%的接种量添加菌液至10 mL蛋白胨水培养基中,28 ℃、150 r/min培养48 h,10 000 r/min离心5 min,取上清液与Nessler’s试剂等体积混合,若呈现红棕色则表明有氨气产生。
盆栽试验采用单因素试验设计,在预试验基础上选取代表性梯度,设纯水对照(CK,种植白三叶)、不同浓度菌剂(T1:原液;T2:500倍稀释菌液;T3:1 000倍稀释菌液)和培养基(T4:原液;T5:500倍稀释液;T6:1 000倍稀释液)共7个处理。其中,原液和1 000倍稀释菌液是菌剂发挥作用的边际浓度(预试验时还依数量级设有10倍和100倍稀释,但二者效果分别同原液和500倍稀释菌液相近,因此未选取)。每一处理设3个重复,共21盆。2024年4月9日播种,试验共计90 d。播种当天各处理(纯水、不同浓度菌剂或培养基)每盆添加300 mL,之后每10 d灌根1次,4次为止。
试验结束时(90 d)用直尺测定株高和根长;称取、记录植株地上部和根系鲜重后,105 ℃杀青30 min,80 ℃烘干至恒重后称量;之后分别参照崔国文[15]和陈艳琦等[16]的方法对地上部可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量进行测定。
试验结束时每盆取3株,整株拔出后收集根系表面0-2 mm土壤,混匀,土壤理化性质分析方法同1.1节。
土壤样品DNA提取、扩增和上机测序委托上海派森诺生物科技股份有限公司完成。真菌扩增ITS1可变区,引物为ITS5F (5′-GGAAGT AAAAGTCGTAACAAGG-3′)和ITS1R (5′-GCT GCGTTCTTCATCGATGC-3′)。细菌扩增16S rRNA基因V3-V4可变区,引物为338F (5′-A CTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCA-3′)和806R (5′-G GACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT-3′)。基于派森诺基因云(http://www.genescloud.cn)平台,采用QIIME (2019.4)软件对数据进行质控、拼接,获得物种丰度表格和代表性序列,并进行α多样性分析。
使用Microsoft Excel 2016进行数据整理与统计分析,采用DPS 7.05单因素方差分析和Duncan新复极差法对数据进行显著性分析和多重比较,显著性水平设为P=0.05。使用R语言的“dplyr”包对白三叶生长指标、土壤理化因子与微生物物种门水平的相对丰度进行相关性分析,采用“ggplot2”包进行结果可视化。
Burkholderia sp. YQ9分离自浙江上虞铅锌矿区土壤,菌体呈短杆状,具有数根极生鞭毛,无特异突出物或附属物(图1A);菌落呈圆形,边缘规则,表面光滑,略微突起,呈乳白色(图1B)。在羧甲基纤维素钠和牛奶固体培养基上菌落周围显现透明圈(图2A2B),而在钾长石培养基上无透明圈出现(图2C),表明Burkholderia sp. YQ9具有产纤维素酶和蛋白酶的能力,但不具备解钾能力。与对照相比,接菌试管上清液与Nessler’s试剂混合后溶液呈现红棕色(图2D),表明Burkholderia sp. YQ9具备产氨能力。
盆栽试验结果表明,与CK相比T1-T4和T6处理显著提高了白三叶茎叶中可溶性蛋白的含量(图3A),尤其是T1处理,其可溶性蛋白含量较CK和T4处理分别增加了40.1%和13.0%。T1-T4处理显著提高了白三叶的可溶性糖含量(图3B),T1处理(菌剂原液)可溶性糖含量较CK (纯水)和T4处理(培养基原液)显著增加了110.3%和90.4%。
表1所示,施用菌剂(T1-T3)和培养基原液(T4)能够显著提升白三叶株高,T1处理较CK和T4处理株高分别增加19.5%和7.3%;T1和T4处理显著提高了白三叶地上部鲜重,较CK分别增加176.0%和148.8%,T1较T4增加了11.0%;施用菌剂(T1-T3)和培养基(T4、T5)均能够增加白三叶根部鲜重,其中以T4和T1处理最为显著,相较CK分别增加416.7%和387.5%。
表2所示,与供试土壤基础值相比,各处理下(T4除外)均显著提高了根际土壤pH,尤其是T2和T6处理。T4处理显著增加了土壤电导率,相较CK增加了3.0倍;T1处理对根际土壤有效磷和速效钾含量提升作用显著,相较供试土壤基础值分别提升29.4倍和6.6倍,相较CK分别提升15.5倍和5.4倍,相较T4处理分别提升16.9%和7.2%;相较CK,T1和T2处理根际土壤有机质含量分别降低了3.4%和2.2%,T1与T4处理、T2和T5处理相比,有机质含量分别显著下降7.1%和2.8%。
表3所示,与供试土壤和CK相比,各处理白三叶根际土壤细菌和真菌群落的丰富度(Chao1)指数均显著降低,尤其是T1和T4处理。Shannon指数和Simpson指数用于衡量种群的多样性,与供试土壤相比种植白三叶、施用菌剂和培养基的处理均降低了白三叶根际土壤中细菌和真菌群落的Shannon指数和Simpson指数。
图4所示,90 d时各处理根际土壤真菌群落中子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)均为优势菌门。其中,T1和T4处理显著降低了根际土壤子囊菌门的相对丰度(P<0.05),而显著提高了担子菌门的相对丰度(P<0.05)。
图5所示,青霉属(Penicillium)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)、Saitozyma以及枝孢霉属(Cladosporium)等是供试土壤真菌群落的优势菌属。腐质霉属(Humicola)、SaitozymaMelanconiella以及枝孢霉属等是各处理白三叶根际土壤的优势菌属。与供试土壤相比,各处理白三叶根际土壤中青霉属和曲霉属相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05);与CK相比,T2和T3处理腐质霉属相对丰度均显著提高(P<0.05)。
图6所示,各处理根际土壤细菌群落中放线菌门(Actinomycetota)、假单胞菌门(Pseudomonadota)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)等为主要优势菌门。与供试土壤细菌群落相比,不同处理白三叶根际土壤中放线菌门和绿屈挠菌门(Chloroflexota)相对丰度均显著降低(P<0.05),而假单胞菌门和芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota)的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05);与CK相比,T1处理白三叶根际土壤中放线菌门和疣微菌门相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05)。
图7可知,酸热菌属(Acidothermus)等是供试土壤的优势菌属。各处理根际土壤细菌群落中伯克霍尔德氏菌属-卡瓦列罗菌属-副伯克霍尔德氏菌属(Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia)、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、芽单胞菌属(Gemmatimonas)以及芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)等是白三叶根际土壤优势菌属。相较CK,T1和T4处理白三叶根际土壤中Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、芽单胞菌属等显著富集(P<0.05)。
试验结束时(90 d),在门水平上对根际土壤微生物群落组成与所测白三叶生长指标进行相关性分析,结果如图8所示。真菌方面,子囊菌门相对丰度与根长、地上部和根部鲜重呈显著负相关;球囊菌门(Glomeromycota)与可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,以及株高、地上部和根部鲜重呈显著负相关;Kickxellomycota与可溶性糖含量呈显著负相关;担子菌门与根长和地上部鲜重呈显著正相关;壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)与可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量、株高、根部鲜重呈显著正相关。细菌方面,假单胞菌门(Myxomycota)和绿屈挠菌门的相对丰度与根长、株高、地上部和根部鲜重呈显著负相关;酸杆菌门与根长和地上部鲜重呈显著负相关;放线菌门和芽孢杆菌门(Bacillota)与根长、地上部和根部鲜重呈显著正相关;Patescibacteriota与可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,以及株高、地上部和根部鲜重呈显著正相关。
在门水平上对白三叶根际土壤微生物群落组成与所测根际土壤理化因子进行相关性分析,结果如图9所示。真菌方面,壶菌门相对丰度与速效钾和碱解氮含量呈显著正相关,与有机质含量呈显著负相关;担子菌门与pH呈显著负相关;罗兹菌门(Rozellomycota)与有机质含量呈显著负相关;球囊菌门与电导率、有效磷和速效钾含量呈显著负相关,与pH呈显著正相关;子囊菌门相对丰度与电导率和有效磷含量呈显著负相关,与pH呈显著正相关;Kickxellomycota与碱解氮含量呈显著负相关,与有机质含量呈显著正相关。细菌方面,酸杆菌门相对丰度与pH呈显著正相关,与有效磷含量呈显著负相关;芽单胞菌门与pH呈显著正相关,与电导率呈显著负相关;绿屈挠菌门和假单胞菌门与电导率、有效磷和速效钾含量呈显著负相关,与pH呈显著正相关;Patescibacteriota与电导率、有效磷和速效钾含量呈显著正相关;假单胞菌门与pH呈显著负相关;芽单胞菌门与pH呈显著正相关,与电导率呈显著负相关;放线菌门与速效钾含量呈显著正相关。
根际微生物组成与作物健康和农业可持续生产密切相关[17]。作为植物的“第二基因组”,根际微生物直接或间接地参与土壤的物质循环,具有促进作物养分吸收、抑制病原微生物、改善非生物胁迫环境等功能,对促进植物生长和维持土壤生态健康具有重要意义,具有良好的应用前景[18-19]。张静怡等[20]研究显示,施用PGPR菌剂可通过产生多种酶类、糖类和植物生长激素等促进作物生长,提高产量和品质。Deng等[21]研究表明,施加由耐受盐芽孢杆菌(Bacillus halotolerans) P75、草木栖剑菌(Ensifer meliloti) D10、巨大普里斯特氏菌(Priestia megaterium) H3和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis) HB01组成的复合菌剂可显著增加苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、黑麦草(Lolium perenne)和柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii Kom.)的鲜重,分别增加45.4%、36.7%和48.5%。然而,也有研究显示施用菌剂并无显著效果。吕亮雨等[22]发现,低浓度的木霉菌剂无法促进枸杞(Lycium barbarum)生长,高浓度时反而对其有显著抑制作用。白三叶作为多年生豆科植物,年固氮量可达330-420 kg/hm2,在培肥改土等方面作用显著[23]。白三叶生长易受土壤环境影响,研发高效促生菌剂对于强化其作用效果和提升土壤质量等具有重要意义[19]。本研究表明施用Burkholderia sp. YQ9菌剂,尤其是菌剂原液(T1处理)对白三叶生长具有显著促进作用。
土壤为微生物提供营养物质和生存环境,同时也受微生物作用影响,土壤理化性质与微生物代谢活动密切相关[24]。施用菌剂能够提高土壤微生物代谢水平,调节根际微环境,加速土壤养分转化[25]。本研究结果显示,Burkholderia sp. YQ9不具备解钾能力,T1处理根际土壤速效钾含量增加应是其进入根际微生态系统后间接作用所致,相关机理有待进一步探究。根际土壤有机质含量在T1和T2处理中显著降低,究其原因是Burkholderia sp. YQ9具备产纤维素酶等能力,菌剂施用促进了土壤有机质分解。与本研究结果相类似,周达仁等[26]研究表明,施用娄彻氏链霉菌(Streptomyces rochei) D74后,其通过分泌有机酸等次生代谢物促进土壤养分溶解、释放以及酶活性提高,增强了速效养分的供给能力。本研究中除白三叶可溶性糖(T1-T3)、可溶性蛋白(T1-T3)和根际土壤有机质(T1、T2)含量以及根际土壤pH (T2、T3)外,500倍和1 000倍稀释菌液作用效果并不显著,后续将结合成本和匹配植物分析进一步明确菌剂适用浓度范围。
菌剂施用使外源功能微生物进入根际微生态系统,与植物和土著微生物相互作用扰动微生物群落或引发群落结构重塑[27]。本研究发现与供试土壤相比,白三叶根际土壤中Chao1指数、Shannon指数和Simpson指数均显著降低,施加培养基(T4)处理最低,其次为T1处理。究其原因可能为:(1) 供试土壤为土体土壤,其他处理均为根际土壤,土体土壤作为根际土壤微生物的源库,其多样性和丰富度较高[28];(2) 外源养分和白三叶根系分泌物驱使土著微生物群落发生演变,使其丰富度和多样性降低[29];(3) 菌剂中含有大量Burkholderia sp. YQ9,其进入根际微生态系统后会占据一定生态位,进而影响土著微生物[30]。值得注意的是,微生物群落存在功能冗余情况,已有研究者指出多样性降低并不会影响微生物功能发挥(如硝化和反硝化等)[31],相关研究有待深入。
不同土壤微生物组成各异,主要受气候条件、植被类型和土壤理化性质等影响[32]。子囊菌门和担子菌门作为土壤真菌群落中最为常见的门类,与接合菌门(Zygomycota)等在土壤生态系统中发挥着重要作用[33]。本研究显示,各处理子囊菌门相对丰度均较高,而T4和T1处理子囊菌门相对丰度相对较低。Xiang等[34]研究表明,提高土壤养分含量会降低子囊菌门的相对丰度,提高担子菌门相对丰度,与本研究结果相一致。土壤细菌优势菌门一般为假单胞菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门和绿屈挠菌门等[35]。本研究中不同处理白三叶根际土壤放线菌门和绿屈挠菌门相对丰度均低于供试土壤,这与二者贫营养型特点相关[36]。在属分类水平上,T1处理提高了Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia、鞘氨醇单胞菌属和芽单胞菌属的相对丰度。其中,鞘氨醇单胞菌在自然界中分布广泛,能够通过产生植物激素促进植物生长[37],还能够降解多环芳烃等高分子有机污染物[38];芽单胞菌通过固氮、分解有机物和抑菌等促进土壤健康和植物生长[39],也具有重要的生态功能。本研究根际土壤优势菌群和群落组成变化应为白三叶生长代谢、Burkholderia sp. YQ9和营养物质投入共同作用所致。
本研究表明,种植白三叶能够改善土壤酸碱环境;Burkholderia sp. YQ9能够促进白三叶生长,提高白三叶地上部可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量;Burkholderia sp. YQ9菌剂原液对于提高根际土壤电导率、有效磷和速效钾含量作用显著,促进了土壤有机质分解,改变了根际土壤微生物群落结构。本研究为植物-微生物联合改良土壤提供了新方案,在丰富学科研究的同时助力农业可持续发展。
李春艳:概念构思、实验分析、数据整理、数据分析、初稿撰写和文稿修改;王钱进:实验分析、初稿撰写;赵梦丽:数据分析、文稿修改;邱巍:数据分析;虞方伯:概念构思、数据分析、文稿修改。
作者声明不存在任何可能会影响本文所报告工作的已知经济利益或个人关系。
  • 国家自然科学基金(32102299)
  • 国家自然科学基金(32102472)
  • 浙江省重点创新团队资助项目(2013TD12)
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2025年第65卷第12期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250376
  • 接收时间:2025-05-09
  • 首发时间:2025-12-08
  • 出版时间:2025-12-04
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-09
  • 录用日期:2025-08-03
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102299)
国家自然科学基金(32102299)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102472)
国家自然科学基金(32102472)
Key Innovation Team Support Project of Zhejiang Province(2013TD12)
浙江省重点创新团队资助项目(2013TD12)
作者信息
    浙江农林大学 环境与资源学院,浙江省土壤修复与质量提升重点实验室,浙江 杭州

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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