Article(id=1204800728205337049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1204800727341310425, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250409, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1748016000000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-24, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1752076800000, acceptedDateStr=2025-07-10, onlineDate=1765176477718, onlineDateStr=2025-12-08, pubDate=1764777600000, pubDateStr=2025-12-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765176477718, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-08, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765176477718, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765176477718, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1204800727341310425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2025', volume='65', issue='12', pageStart='5191', pageEnd='5649', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765176477513, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765176611928, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1204801291189986067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1204800727341310425, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1204801291189986068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1204800727341310425, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=5469, endPage=5481, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1204800728461189597, articleId=1204800728205337049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Characteristics and influencing factors of nitrous oxide-reducing genes in the rhizosphere soils of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations, columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective Nitrous oxide (N2O)-reducing microbes are the only known microbial group capable of eliminating N2O. The abundance, diversity, community structure, and influencing factors of their functional gene (nosZ) are critical for N2O removal. Cunninghamia lanceolata is a widely planted timber species in southern China, and its rhizosphere represents a hotspot for both N2O production and reduction. However, the spatial distribution pattern of nosZ Ⅰ genes and their driving factors in the rhizosphere soils of C. lanceolata plantations remain unclear. Methods We investigated the rhizosphere soils of C. lanceolata plantations from five state-owned forest farms—Qiujiashan, Wuyi, Guanzhuang, Xiayang, and Xiapu—in Fujian Province. Quantitative PCR and amplicon sequencing were employed to analyze the abundance, diversity, and community structure of nosZ Ⅰ genes and to identify their key environmental drivers. Results Dissolved organic carbon concentrations in rhizosphere soils ranged from 6.91 mg/kg to 23.52 mg/kg, being significantly lower in Guanzhuang and Xiayang than in Wuyi, Qiujiashan, and Xiapu. The nosZ I gene abundance ranged from 4.76×106 copies/g to 36.50×106 copies/g, reaching 36.50×106 copies/g and 29.08×106 copies/g in Guanzhuang and Xiayang, respectively, which significantly exceeded those in Qiujiashan, Wuyi, and Xiapu. Dissolved organic carbon emerged as the primary driver of nosZ I gene abundance, which implied that low dissolved organic carbon may promote the proliferation of N2O-reducing bacteria. The Shannon index of nosZ I genes ranged from 4.41 to 5.67, being significantly higher in Xiayang than in Wuyi and Xiapu and the lowest in Xiapu. Total carbon was the key factor affecting the Shannon index. The nosZ I community structures in Qiujiashan, Guanzhuang, and Xiapu were similar, whereas that of Xiayang was significantly different from the others. Soil pH was identified as the main driver of community structure, and Xiayang had a significantly higher pH than the other sites. The dominant bacterial class in the rhizosphere soils of all five forest farms was Gammaproteobacteria. Xiayang had significantly lower relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria but significantly higher relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria than other farms. Conclusion Soil carbon content and pH are key environmental factors regulating the abundance, diversity, and community structure of N2O-reducing bacteria in the rhizosphere soils of C. lanceolata plantations, potentially influencing N2O removal and mitigation potential. Therefore, the management strategies for C. lanceolata plantations should consider regulating soil carbon content and pH to optimize N2O mitigation effects and alleviate global climate change.

, correspAuthors=Yongxin LIN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail:
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目的 氧化亚氮(nitrous oxide, N2O)还原菌是已知唯一能够消除N2O的微生物类群,其功能基因(nosZ)的丰度、多样性和群落结构及其影响因素对N2O的去除具有重要意义。杉木是我国南方广泛种植的建材树种,其根际是N2O产生和还原的热点区域。然而,杉木人工林根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因的空间分布模式及其驱动因子仍不清楚。 方法 选取福建省5个国有林场(邱家山、五一、官庄、峡阳、霞浦)的杉木人工林根际土壤,利用荧光定量PCR和扩增子测序技术分析nosZ Ⅰ基因的丰度、多样性及群落结构,并探讨其主要环境驱动因子。 结果 各林场根际土壤可溶性有机碳含量为6.91-23.52 mg/kg,其中官庄和峡阳林场的可溶性有机碳含量显著低于五一、邱家山和霞浦;各林场根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度为4.76×106-36.50×106 copies/g,其中官庄和峡阳林场的nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度分别为36.50×106 copies/g和29.08×106 copies/g,显著高于邱家山、五一及霞浦。可溶性有机碳是影响nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度的关键因子,低可溶性有机碳环境可能促进N2O还原菌的富集;各林场根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因Shannon指数为4.41-5.67,峡阳的Shannon指数显著高于五一和霞浦,而霞浦的Shannon指数最低,土壤总碳是影响Shannon指数的关键因子;邱家山、官庄和霞浦的根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ群落结构较为相似,而峡阳的nosZ Ⅰ群落结构显著不同于其他林场。土壤pH是其主要驱动因子,且峡阳的土壤pH值显著高于其他林场;5个林场根际土壤优势菌纲均为γ-变形菌纲,而峡阳林场的γ-变形菌纲相对丰度显著低于其余林场,但α-变形菌纲相对丰度显著高于其余林场。 结论 土壤碳含量和pH是调控杉木人工林根际土壤N2O还原菌丰度、多样性及群落结构的关键环境因子,可能影响N2O的生物去除过程及其减排潜力。因此,在杉木人工林管理中应关注土壤碳含量和pH调控以优化N2O的减排效应,缓解全球气候变化。

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Applied Soil Ecology, 2024, 204: 105759., articleTitle=Organic materials return suppressed soil nitrous oxide emissions by changing the composition instead of abundance of denitrifying microbial community, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784608729514697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=42, issue=2, pageStart=410, pageEnd=421, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=46, authorNames=杨胜秋, 王邵军, 夏佳慧, 李瑞, 罗双, 兰梦杰, 郭晓飞, 解玲玲, 王郑钧, 肖博, 郭志鹏, 张烨, journalName=浙江农林大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨胜秋, 王邵军, 夏佳慧, 李瑞, 罗双, 兰梦杰, 郭晓飞, 解玲玲, 王郑钧, 肖博, 郭志鹏, 张烨. 森林恢复对土壤氧化亚氮排放影响的生物与非生物学机制[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2025, 42(2): 410-421., articleTitle=森林恢复对土壤氧化亚氮排放影响的生物与非生物学机制, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784608838566608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=42, issue=2, pageStart=410, pageEnd=421, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=47, authorNames=YANG SQ, WANG SJ, XIA JH, LI R, LUO S, LAN MJ, GUO XF, XIE LL, WANG ZJ, XIAO B, GUO ZP, ZHANG Y, journalName=Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG SQ, WANG SJ, XIA JH, LI R, LUO S, LAN MJ, GUO XF, XIE LL, WANG ZJ, XIAO B, GUO ZP, ZHANG Y. Biotic and abiotic mechanisms of the impact of forest restoration on soil nitrous oxide emissions[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2025, 42(2): 410-421 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784608922452693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=50, issue=9, pageStart=240, pageEnd=247, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=48, authorNames=王喜英, 赵辉, 谭智勇, 余高, journalName=江苏农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王喜英, 赵辉, 谭智勇, 余高. 设施菜地种植年限对土壤nosZ型反硝化微生物群落结构和丰度的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2022, 50(9): 240-247., articleTitle=设施菜地种植年限对土壤nosZ型反硝化微生物群落结构和丰度的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784609010533082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=50, issue=9, pageStart=240, pageEnd=247, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=49, authorNames=WANG XY, ZHAO H, TAN ZY, YU G, journalName=Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG XY, ZHAO H, TAN ZY, YU G. Effects of cultivation years in protected vegetable crop fields on structure and abundance of soil nosZ denitrifying microbial community[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 50(9): 240-247 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1217784609107002080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=248, issue=null, pageStart=108574, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=50, authorNames=PENG WX, SONG M, DU H, JIANG SH, ZENG FP, CHEN HJ, SONG TQ, journalName=Catena, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PENG WX, SONG M, DU H, JIANG SH, ZENG FP, CHEN HJ, SONG TQ. Assembly processes and networks of soil microbial communities along karst forest succession[J]. Catena, 2025, 248: 108574., articleTitle=Assembly processes and networks of soil microbial communities along karst forest succession, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1217784602689716635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, awardId=42377301, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(42377301), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217784602844905894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, awardId=42377301, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(42377301), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217784602966540719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, awardId=2024FKJ33, language=EN, fundingSource=Fujian Provincial Finance and Forestry Science and Technology Research Project(2024FKJ33), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1217784603079786932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, 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figs=[ArticleFig(id=1217784600185716986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Copy number of nosZ Ⅰ gene and random forest analysis with environmental factors in different forest farms. A: nosZ I gene copy number in different forest farms; B: Random forest analysis of nosZ I gene copy number and environmental factors. TC: Total carbon; DOC: Dissolved organic carbon; TN: Total nitrogen; NH4+-N: Ammonium nitrogen; NO3--N: Nitrate nitrogen; AP: Available phosphorus; MC: Soil moisture content; MAP: Mean annual precipitation; MAT: Mean annual temperature. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level. *: P<0.05; **: P<0.01. The same below., figureFileSmall=IB+aAKWbEqU2aoXBO6RgLQ==, figureFileBig=gOwMCxYxWDwFb1D5NTe1vQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600282185986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同林场 nosZ基因拷贝数及其与环境因子的随机森林分析。A:不同林场nosZ Ⅰ基因拷贝数;B:nosZ Ⅰ基因拷贝数与环境因子的随机森林分析。TC:总碳;DOC:可溶性有机碳;TN:全氮;NH4+-N:铵态氮;NO3--N:硝态氮;AP:有效磷;MC:土壤含水率;MAP:年平均降水量;MAT:年均温。不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。, figureFileSmall=IB+aAKWbEqU2aoXBO6RgLQ==, figureFileBig=gOwMCxYxWDwFb1D5NTe1vQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600424792333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Shannon index and random forest analysis with environmental factors in different forest farms. A: Shannon index of different forest farms; B: Random forest analysis of Shannon index and environmental factors., figureFileSmall=DP67J/v66jgAoKvMgfHiiw==, figureFileBig=4hoXzXR1rjal9/2d18gVTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600525455638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同林场Shannon指数及其与环境因子的随机森林分析。A:不同林场Shannon指数;B:Shannon指数与环境因子的随机森林分析。, figureFileSmall=DP67J/v66jgAoKvMgfHiiw==, figureFileBig=4hoXzXR1rjal9/2d18gVTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600638701856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Spearman correlation coefficients between nosZ Ⅰ gene abundance (A), Shannon index (B), and soil physicochemical properties of denitrifying microorganisms in soil. *: P<0.05; ***: P<0.001., figureFileSmall=sXK06wtKjAt6QnYV9nBABA==, figureFileBig=CVQf+79Wh4SMQU3wo3eNJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600764530984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=CN, label=图3, caption=土壤反硝化微生物 nosZ基因丰度(A)Shannon指数(B)与土壤理化性质之间的斯皮尔曼相关系数, figureFileSmall=sXK06wtKjAt6QnYV9nBABA==, figureFileBig=CVQf+79Wh4SMQU3wo3eNJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784600890360117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis of nosZ Ⅰ gene community structure in the rhizosphere soil of different Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations., figureFileSmall=0QWAgxvk3fpfxB9ENUA0LA==, figureFileBig=M6eFJ36ELbZtrSWYf1mo7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784601045549375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同杉木人工林根际土壤 nosZ基因群落结构的非度量多维测度(NMDS)分析, figureFileSmall=0QWAgxvk3fpfxB9ENUA0LA==, figureFileBig=M6eFJ36ELbZtrSWYf1mo7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784601167184204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Phylogenetic tree of nitrous oxide reducing bacteria nosZ Ⅰ gene. Bootstrap support values are represented at the nodes, indicating the confidence of each clade., figureFileSmall=ytzM76jhuXnWmvIIrcgg+A==, figureFileBig=lpYOEx70PH9PcfOCzM1QTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784601276236116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=CN, label=图5, caption=氧化亚氮还原菌 nosZ基因的系统发育树。节点处的数值为bootstrap支持率,用以表示各分支的置信度。, figureFileSmall=ytzM76jhuXnWmvIIrcgg+A==, figureFileBig=lpYOEx70PH9PcfOCzM1QTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784601540477279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Relative abundance of nosZ phylotypes at the class levels in the rhizosphere soil of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between relative abundance of nitrous oxide-reducing bacterial communities in different forest farms at the same class level., figureFileSmall=d0jZ3/oEuVwGGd1cbZalTw==, figureFileBig=Ng6gAV1/7dII88gf7E0rbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784601666306406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=CN, label=图6, caption=杉木人工林根际土壤氧化亚氮还原菌群落纲水平上的相对丰度。不同小写字母表示同一纲水平上不同林场氧化亚氮还原菌相对丰度之间差异显著。, figureFileSmall=d0jZ3/oEuVwGGd1cbZalTw==, figureFileBig=Ng6gAV1/7dII88gf7E0rbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1217784601792135529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic information of different forest farms

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

林场

Forest farm

年平均温度

Mean annual temperature (℃)

年平均降水量

Mean annual precipitation (mm)

海拔

Altitude (m)

纬度

Latitude (N)

经度

Longitude (E)

五一Wuyi17.981 592.00376.0025°08′117°27′
邱家山Qiujiashan19.251 565.00202.5025°43′116°54′
官庄Guanzhuang19.751 597.00228.5026°30′117°41′
峡阳Xiayang15.711 918.00567.0026°48′117°59′
霞浦Xiapu20.081 266.00405.1926°50′119°55′
), ArticleFig(id=1217784601917964658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同林场的基本概况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

林场

Forest farm

年平均温度

Mean annual temperature (℃)

年平均降水量

Mean annual precipitation (mm)

海拔

Altitude (m)

纬度

Latitude (N)

经度

Longitude (E)

五一Wuyi17.981 592.00376.0025°08′117°27′
邱家山Qiujiashan19.251 565.00202.5025°43′116°54′
官庄Guanzhuang19.751 597.00228.5026°30′117°41′
峡阳Xiayang15.711 918.00567.0026°48′117°59′
霞浦Xiapu20.081 266.00405.1926°50′119°55′
), ArticleFig(id=1217784602027016569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Soil physicochemical properties

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

林场

Forest farm

pH

总碳

Total carbon (g/kg)

可溶性有机碳

Dissolved organic carbon

(mg/kg)

全氮

Total nitrogen

(g/kg)

铵态氮 Ammonium nitrogen (mg/kg)

硝态氮

Nitrate nitrogen

(mg/kg)

有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg/kg)

土壤含水率 Soil moisture content

(%)

五一Wuyi4.53±0.38b24.84±2.04b21.43±5.17a1.94±0.16c7.13±3.76a1.51±2.28c0.56±0.43d30.3±3.3b
邱家山Qiujiashan4.06±0.30c37.93±10.18a23.52±5.35a2.51±0.66b3.59±2.86b6.82±4.54ab3.41±2.61ab40.6±4.4a
官庄Guanzhuang4.20±0.29c22.60±3.64b6.91±2.05b2.05±0.27bc3.44±3.69b6.63±3.92b4.04±3.50a32.0±3.7b
峡阳Xiayang5.05±0.22a20.20±3.21b10.62±3.43b2.10±0.36bc3.69±2.16b0.21±0.21c0.94±0.14cd24.6±1.1c
霞浦Xiapu4.06±0.16c34.85±5.46a21.54±7.31a3.21±1.00a2.00±1.29b9.46±3.84a2.38±1.06bc31.0±5.3b
), ArticleFig(id=1217784602148651392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

土壤基本理化性质

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

林场

Forest farm

pH

总碳

Total carbon (g/kg)

可溶性有机碳

Dissolved organic carbon

(mg/kg)

全氮

Total nitrogen

(g/kg)

铵态氮 Ammonium nitrogen (mg/kg)

硝态氮

Nitrate nitrogen

(mg/kg)

有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg/kg)

土壤含水率 Soil moisture content

(%)

五一Wuyi4.53±0.38b24.84±2.04b21.43±5.17a1.94±0.16c7.13±3.76a1.51±2.28c0.56±0.43d30.3±3.3b
邱家山Qiujiashan4.06±0.30c37.93±10.18a23.52±5.35a2.51±0.66b3.59±2.86b6.82±4.54ab3.41±2.61ab40.6±4.4a
官庄Guanzhuang4.20±0.29c22.60±3.64b6.91±2.05b2.05±0.27bc3.44±3.69b6.63±3.92b4.04±3.50a32.0±3.7b
峡阳Xiayang5.05±0.22a20.20±3.21b10.62±3.43b2.10±0.36bc3.69±2.16b0.21±0.21c0.94±0.14cd24.6±1.1c
霞浦Xiapu4.06±0.16c34.85±5.46a21.54±7.31a3.21±1.00a2.00±1.29b9.46±3.84a2.38±1.06bc31.0±5.3b
), ArticleFig(id=1217784602266091911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Mantel analysis of soil denitrifying microorganisms nosZ Ⅰ gene community structure and soil physicochemical properties

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

土壤因子

Soil factors

皮尔森检验

Pearson test

斯皮尔曼检验

Spearman test

rPrP
pH0.390***0.0010.354***0.001

总碳

Total carbon

0.0190.367-0.0100.530

可溶性有机碳

Dissolved organic carbon

0.0540.1440.0650.077

全氮

Total nitrogen

-0.0950.834-0.0720.811

铵态氮

Ammonium nitrogen

-0.0340.621-0.0530.769

硝态氮

Nitrate nitrogen

0.216**0.0020.180**0.002

有效磷

Available phosphorus

-0.0230.5800.0760.161

土壤含水率

Soil moisture content

0.140*0.0130.109*0.034
), ArticleFig(id=1217784602396115339, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1204800728205337049, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

土壤反硝化微生物 nosZ基因群落结构与土壤理化性质间的Mantel分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

土壤因子

Soil factors

皮尔森检验

Pearson test

斯皮尔曼检验

Spearman test

rPrP
pH0.390***0.0010.354***0.001

总碳

Total carbon

0.0190.367-0.0100.530

可溶性有机碳

Dissolved organic carbon

0.0540.1440.0650.077

全氮

Total nitrogen

-0.0950.834-0.0720.811

铵态氮

Ammonium nitrogen

-0.0340.621-0.0530.769

硝态氮

Nitrate nitrogen

0.216**0.0020.180**0.002

有效磷

Available phosphorus

-0.0230.5800.0760.161

土壤含水率

Soil moisture content

0.140*0.0130.109*0.034
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杉木人工林根际土壤氧化亚氮还原基因特征及其影响因素
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李奎毅 1, 2 , 郑勇 1, 2 , 邓米林 3 , 叶桂萍 4 , 林永新 1, 2, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025,65(12): 5469-5481
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025, 65(12): 5469-5481
杉木人工林根际土壤氧化亚氮还原基因特征及其影响因素
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李奎毅1, 2, 郑勇1, 2, 邓米林3, 叶桂萍4, 林永新1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.福建师范大学,福建省亚热带资源与环境重点实验室,福建 福州
  • 2.福建师范大学 地理科学学院,福建 福州
  • 3.中国科学院华南植物园,广东 广州
  • 4.闽江学院 地理与海洋学院,福建 福州
Characteristics and influencing factors of nitrous oxide-reducing genes in the rhizosphere soils of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations
Kuiyi LI1, 2, Yong ZHENG1, 2, Milin DENG3, Guiping YE4, Yongxin LIN1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
  • 2.School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
  • 3.South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
  • 4.College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
出版时间: 2025-12-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250409
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目的 氧化亚氮(nitrous oxide, N2O)还原菌是已知唯一能够消除N2O的微生物类群,其功能基因(nosZ)的丰度、多样性和群落结构及其影响因素对N2O的去除具有重要意义。杉木是我国南方广泛种植的建材树种,其根际是N2O产生和还原的热点区域。然而,杉木人工林根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因的空间分布模式及其驱动因子仍不清楚。 方法 选取福建省5个国有林场(邱家山、五一、官庄、峡阳、霞浦)的杉木人工林根际土壤,利用荧光定量PCR和扩增子测序技术分析nosZ Ⅰ基因的丰度、多样性及群落结构,并探讨其主要环境驱动因子。 结果 各林场根际土壤可溶性有机碳含量为6.91-23.52 mg/kg,其中官庄和峡阳林场的可溶性有机碳含量显著低于五一、邱家山和霞浦;各林场根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度为4.76×106-36.50×106 copies/g,其中官庄和峡阳林场的nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度分别为36.50×106 copies/g和29.08×106 copies/g,显著高于邱家山、五一及霞浦。可溶性有机碳是影响nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度的关键因子,低可溶性有机碳环境可能促进N2O还原菌的富集;各林场根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因Shannon指数为4.41-5.67,峡阳的Shannon指数显著高于五一和霞浦,而霞浦的Shannon指数最低,土壤总碳是影响Shannon指数的关键因子;邱家山、官庄和霞浦的根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ群落结构较为相似,而峡阳的nosZ Ⅰ群落结构显著不同于其他林场。土壤pH是其主要驱动因子,且峡阳的土壤pH值显著高于其他林场;5个林场根际土壤优势菌纲均为γ-变形菌纲,而峡阳林场的γ-变形菌纲相对丰度显著低于其余林场,但α-变形菌纲相对丰度显著高于其余林场。 结论 土壤碳含量和pH是调控杉木人工林根际土壤N2O还原菌丰度、多样性及群落结构的关键环境因子,可能影响N2O的生物去除过程及其减排潜力。因此,在杉木人工林管理中应关注土壤碳含量和pH调控以优化N2O的减排效应,缓解全球气候变化。

杉木人工林  /  nosZ Ⅰ基因  /  丰度  /  群落结构

Objective Nitrous oxide (N2O)-reducing microbes are the only known microbial group capable of eliminating N2O. The abundance, diversity, community structure, and influencing factors of their functional gene (nosZ) are critical for N2O removal. Cunninghamia lanceolata is a widely planted timber species in southern China, and its rhizosphere represents a hotspot for both N2O production and reduction. However, the spatial distribution pattern of nosZ Ⅰ genes and their driving factors in the rhizosphere soils of C. lanceolata plantations remain unclear. Methods We investigated the rhizosphere soils of C. lanceolata plantations from five state-owned forest farms—Qiujiashan, Wuyi, Guanzhuang, Xiayang, and Xiapu—in Fujian Province. Quantitative PCR and amplicon sequencing were employed to analyze the abundance, diversity, and community structure of nosZ Ⅰ genes and to identify their key environmental drivers. Results Dissolved organic carbon concentrations in rhizosphere soils ranged from 6.91 mg/kg to 23.52 mg/kg, being significantly lower in Guanzhuang and Xiayang than in Wuyi, Qiujiashan, and Xiapu. The nosZ I gene abundance ranged from 4.76×106 copies/g to 36.50×106 copies/g, reaching 36.50×106 copies/g and 29.08×106 copies/g in Guanzhuang and Xiayang, respectively, which significantly exceeded those in Qiujiashan, Wuyi, and Xiapu. Dissolved organic carbon emerged as the primary driver of nosZ I gene abundance, which implied that low dissolved organic carbon may promote the proliferation of N2O-reducing bacteria. The Shannon index of nosZ I genes ranged from 4.41 to 5.67, being significantly higher in Xiayang than in Wuyi and Xiapu and the lowest in Xiapu. Total carbon was the key factor affecting the Shannon index. The nosZ I community structures in Qiujiashan, Guanzhuang, and Xiapu were similar, whereas that of Xiayang was significantly different from the others. Soil pH was identified as the main driver of community structure, and Xiayang had a significantly higher pH than the other sites. The dominant bacterial class in the rhizosphere soils of all five forest farms was Gammaproteobacteria. Xiayang had significantly lower relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria but significantly higher relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria than other farms. Conclusion Soil carbon content and pH are key environmental factors regulating the abundance, diversity, and community structure of N2O-reducing bacteria in the rhizosphere soils of C. lanceolata plantations, potentially influencing N2O removal and mitigation potential. Therefore, the management strategies for C. lanceolata plantations should consider regulating soil carbon content and pH to optimize N2O mitigation effects and alleviate global climate change.

Cunninghamia lanceolata  /  nosZ Ⅰ gene  /  abundance  /  community structure
李奎毅, 郑勇, 邓米林, 叶桂萍, 林永新. 杉木人工林根际土壤氧化亚氮还原基因特征及其影响因素. 微生物学报, 2025 , 65 (12) : 5469 -5481 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250409
Kuiyi LI, Yong ZHENG, Milin DENG, Guiping YE, Yongxin LIN. Characteristics and influencing factors of nitrous oxide-reducing genes in the rhizosphere soils of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2025 , 65 (12) : 5469 -5481 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250409
全球森林面积约42亿hm2,占陆地总面积的30%左右[1]。在全球变暖、大气氧化亚氮(nitrous oxide, N2O)浓度持续升高的背景下,森林土壤作为氮循环的重要环节,既是N2O的重要排放源,也是其关键汇,在调节温室气体排放方面扮演着至关重要的角色[2]。其中,人工林在我国南方地区广泛分布,尤以杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)为代表,其生态影响日益受到关注。杉木是典型的速生用材树种,大规模栽培在促进木材生产的同时,也深刻改变了土壤理化特性与微生物过程[3],进而可能影响N2O的产生与还原。因此,研究杉木人工林土壤中N2O还原过程的微生物调控机制,对于提升人工林的温室气体调控功能具有重要意义。
土壤中N2O的还原主要由氧化亚氮还原酶催化完成,该酶由nosZ Ⅰ和nosZ Ⅱ两类功能基因编码[4]。前期研究表明,天然林转变为杉木人工林后nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度显著提高,且nosZ Ⅰ型微生物在N2O还原过程中可能发挥更加关键的作用,提示其可能是调节人工林N2O还原能力的重要生物学基础[5]。然而,当前关于杉木人工林中N2O还原微生物的研究多集中于非根际土壤,对于根际这一植物-微生物相互作用最活跃的土壤空间,其微生物群落结构和功能响应机制仍知之甚少。
根际是植物根系与微生物发生密切互作的重要界面,植物通过根系分泌物为微生物提供碳源,调节其群落组成和代谢活性[6],进而影响包括反硝化在内的土壤氮循环过程[7]。根际土壤通常具有更高的可溶性有机碳和水分含量,有利于反硝化过程的发生,并可能增强N2O的还原潜力[8]。已有的研究多关注不同树种[9]或氮素添加[10]对土壤nosZ基因的影响,而对根际土壤这一关键区域中N2O还原微生物的研究相对匮乏[11]。在杉木人工林根际土壤中nosZ Ⅰ型微生物的丰度、多样性及群落结构如何分布,其主要环境调控因子为何目前尚不清楚。
众多研究表明,土壤环境因子会显著影响nosZ基因及其相关微生物群落的组成与活性。其中,土壤pH值被认为是nosZ基因丰度和N2O还原潜力的重要影响因子之一,通常表现为pH升高促进nosZ丰度上升,从而降低N2O排放[12-14];土壤水分含量通过调节厌氧程度影响反硝化过程中N2O还原阶段的发生频率[15];而有机碳作为微生物代谢的主要能量来源,其含量的变化也会影响nosZ微生物的生长与功能表达[16]。此外,氮素输入等人为干扰也可能引发nosZ微生物群落的结构性改变,进而影响N2O的还原效率[17-19]。因此,识别关键环境因子并揭示其对杉木人工林根际nosZ Ⅰ微生物群落的影响机制对于理解森林土壤N2O调控潜力具有重要意义。
本研究选取福建省5个典型杉木人工林林场的根际土壤为研究对象,采用高通量测序和荧光定量PCR技术系统研究nosZ Ⅰ基因微生物的丰度、多样性及群落结构,并识别其主要环境驱动因子,以期揭示根际环境中N2O还原微生物的生态分布与调控机制,为人工林N2O排放的减缓管理提供理论基础和数据支持。
本研究选取福建省5个典型林场进行采样,分别为龙岩市连城邱家山国有林场、龙岩市漳平五一国有林场、三明市沙县官庄国有林场、南平市延平峡阳国有林场、宁德市寿宁霞浦国有林场,这些林场的样地基本信息如表1所示。这些林场均位于亚热带季风气候区,其年平均温度(mean annual temperature, MAT)和年平均降水量(mean annual precipitation, MAP)的变化范围能较好地表征福建省的水热分布情况,土壤为典型的酸性红壤和黄红壤。
所有土壤样品采集于2022年夏季,在地势较为均一的地段分别选取4个20 m×20 m的采集样点。在每个采集样点中使用抖根法采集0-20 cm深度的根际土壤样品。每个采集点获取3份土壤样品,因此每个林场采集获得12份土壤样品,总计60份根际土壤样品。采集的土样立即存储于装有冰袋的保温箱中,并尽快运回实验室。将土壤样品中的可见杂质去除后过2 mm筛,随后分为2份,其中一份自然风干后用于测定土壤理化性质,另一份储存于-80 ℃的冰箱中,用于后续开展分子生物学实验。
土壤基础理化性质的测定参照邓米林等[20]的方法。采用电位法测定土壤pH;利用碳氮元素分析仪(Elementar公司)测定土壤总碳(total carbon, TC)和全氮(total nitrogen, TN)含量;称取10 g鲜土,加入50 mL超纯水浸提,振荡后在4 ℃、4 000 r/min离心10 min,用0.45 μm滤膜过滤后得到的上清液用碳氮分析仪(Shimadzu公司)测定土壤可溶性有机碳(dissolved organic carbon, DOC);取5 g鲜土加入25 mL 2 mol/L的KCl浸提液,振荡过滤后用连续流动分析仪(Skalar公司)测定土壤铵态氮(ammonium nitrogen, NH4+-N)、硝态氮(nitrate nitrogen, NO3--N)含量;采用钼蓝比色法测定土壤有效磷(available phosphorus, AP)含量;通过称量在105 ℃下烘干至恒定质量的土壤来计算土壤含水率(soil moisture content, MC)。
称取0.5 g经冷冻干燥后的土壤,按照FastDNA SPIN Kit for Soil试剂盒(MP Biomedicals公司)的操作说明提取土壤总DNA。采用384孔板在实时荧光定量PCR仪(Bio-Rad公司)上测定nosZ Ⅰ基因的丰度。引物序列、反应体系、反应条件和标准曲线的制作参照Deng等[5]所述进行。扩增过程中溶解曲线始终呈单峰,扩增效率为97%,R2为0.999。
根据Henry等[21]所用的方法,使用引物组nosZ 1840F/nosZ 2090R进行基因扩增。扩增后纯化PCR产物,送至上海美吉生物医药科技有限公司,使用Illumina MiSeq平台对nosZ I扩增子进行测序。测序完成后使用FLASH (v1.2.7)合并nosZ I扩增子的成对末端读数。使用QIIME (v1.8.0)对序列读取进行质量过滤,并按照Lin等[22]所用的方法进行下一步分析。舍去质量值<10的序列,并去除嵌合体,将筛选后的序列按97%相似度聚类成操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit, OTU)。系统发育树的构建参照韩风毅等[23]的方法,依据相对丰度前0.1%的标准筛选代表性序列,将其序列信息与NCBI数据库进行比对,选用MEGA 11软件中的邻接法构建nosZ Ⅰ基因的系统发育树,将自展值设置为1 000,以进行代表性序列的分类。随后将分类文件导入iTOL网页以美化发育树,在纲分类水平上比较不同区域杉木人工林根际土壤氧化亚氮还原菌群落组成差异。
采用SPSS 26.0、R (v4.4.1)和Origin 2022软件进行数据的分析和可视化。采用SPSS 26.0软件进行数据统计分析,采用单因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA) LSD法(P<0.05)比较不同林地的土壤理化性质、nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度、nosZ Ⅰ基因纲水平上相对丰度的差异。利用Spearman相关性检验nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度、Shannon指数与土壤理化因子之间的相关性。使用R (v4.4.1)软件“vegan”包中的alpha_diversity函数计算Shannon指数。利用“RandomForest”包rfPermute函数进行随机森林分析,揭示不同环境因子对nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度、Shannon指数贡献的相对重要性。基于Bray-Curtis距离,利用“vegan”包中的metaMDS函数进行非度量多维测度(non-metric multidimensional scaling, NMDS)分析。利用“vegan”包中的mantel函数分析土壤环境因子对nosZ Ⅰ基因型还原菌群落结构的影响。绘图在Origin 2022软件中完成。
不同林场之间的土壤理化性质存在显著差异(P<0.05) (表2)。峡阳土壤pH为5.05,显著高于邱家山、官庄、五一及霞浦。邱家山和霞浦的总碳含量分别为37.93 g/kg和34.85 g/kg,显著高于五一、官庄、峡阳。官庄和峡阳的可溶性有机碳含量分别为6.91 mg/kg和10.62 mg/kg,显著低于五一、邱家山、霞浦。霞浦的全氮含量最高,为3.21 g/kg,而五一的全氮含量最低。五一的铵态氮含量为7.13 mg/kg,显著高于其他林场。霞浦的硝态氮含量为9.46 mg/kg,显著高于五一、官庄、峡阳。官庄的有效磷含量为4.04 mg/kg,显著高于五一、峡阳、霞浦。邱家山的土壤含水率为40.6%,显著高于其他林场。
图1A可知,官庄和峡阳根际土壤的nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度分别为36.50×106 copies/g、29.08×106 copies/g,显著高于邱家山、五一、霞浦(P<0.05)。随机森林分析结果表明,可溶性有机碳、海拔、pH、年均降水量、总碳、年均温、土壤含水率显著影响根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度,其中可溶性有机碳含量是最主要的影响因素(图1B)。
图2A可知,峡阳根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因的Shannon指数为5.67,显著高于五一、霞浦(P<0.05)。霞浦的Shannon指数为4.41,显著低于邱家山、官庄、峡阳。随机森林分析结果表明,总碳、海拔、年均降水量、全氮、年均温显著影响Shannon指数,其中总碳含量是最重要的影响因子(图2B)。Spearman相关性分析表明,nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度与pH呈显著正相关,而与总碳、可溶性有机碳、全氮呈显著负相关(图3A);Shannon指数与pH呈显著正相关(P<0.05),而与总碳、可溶性有机碳、全氮呈极显著负相关(P<0.001) (图3B)。
基于Bray-Curtis距离算法开展NMDS分析,发现邱家山、官庄和霞浦的nosZ Ⅰ群落结构相似度较高,而峡阳根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ群落结构与其他4个林场均存在显著差异(P<0.001) (图4)。Mantel分析结果显示,pH是nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物群落结构的主要影响因子(P<0.001),硝态氮含量(P<0.01)及土壤含水率(P<0.05)也显著影响nosZ Ⅰ群落结构(表3)。
对筛选出的代表性序列进行物种注释,α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)和γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)是供试土壤中最主要的氧化亚氮还原菌(图5)。由图6可知,5个林场均以γ-变形菌纲为主,其相对丰度为55.0%-78.7%,其中邱家山的γ-变形菌纲相对丰度最高(78.7%),显著高于官庄(67.4%)和峡阳(55.0%) (P<0.05)。此外,α-变形菌纲的相对丰度为19.5%-44.6%,其中峡阳的α-变形菌纲相对丰度最高(44.6%),显著高于其他4个林场。峡阳γ-变形菌纲和α-变形菌纲的相对丰度均与其他4个林场存在显著差异(P<0.05)。
本研究发现,不同区域的杉木人工林根际土中nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物的丰度和群落结构存在一定差异。其中,官庄和峡阳的nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度显著高于邱家山、五一和霞浦。这可能是不同区域的土壤养分条件差异所致。随机森林分析结果表明,可溶性有机碳含量是影响nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度的最关键环境因子,且二者呈极显著负相关。官庄和峡阳的可溶性有机碳含量显著低于其余3个林场,这可能是其nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度较高的重要原因。研究表明在我国较为湿润的亚热带地区可溶性有机碳和可利用态氮是土壤反硝化的关键影响因素[24]。唐楚珺等[25]研究表明,杉木人工林土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度与土壤可溶性有机碳含量存在显著负相关关系,与本研究结果较为一致。这可能是因为森林土壤的有机碳含量通常较高,氮是限制微生物活性更重要的因素,而土壤可溶性有机碳含量增加可能会加剧土壤对氮素的竞争,导致供氮不足,从而降低土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度。然而,雷芊芊等[26]研究发现,可溶性有机碳对野芷湖湖岸带根际土nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度具有重要的正面影响。造成这种差异的原因可能是土壤可溶性有机碳含量不同,供试土壤的可溶性有机碳含量远高于野芷湖湖岸带土壤。当可溶性有机碳含量低时,nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物对碳养分需求较大,此时可溶性有机碳含量越高,微生物所能获取的养分越多其丰度也会随之增加。然而,当这一需求达到饱和时可溶性有机碳含量的升高反而会导致其他养分的相对短缺,从而降低nosZ基因丰度,这也是本研究可溶性有机碳含量与nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度呈显著负相关的重要原因。总的来说,低可溶性有机碳环境可能更有利于杉木人工林根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因的富集。
本研究表明,杉木人工林根际土nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物的Shannon指数与土壤pH呈显著正相关,而与总碳、可溶性有机碳、全氮呈极显著负相关。研究表明较低的土壤pH会在一定程度上抑制N2O还原酶的活性[27],这可能会导致一些耐酸能力较弱的nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物类群数量减少,从而降低其多样性。因此,土壤pH升高可为更多的nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物提供所需的生态位,进而增加其多样性。随机森林模型分析进一步表明,总碳是影响Shannon指数最主要的影响因子。卿婷等[28]研究发现,在亚热带米槠次生林中土壤氮磷获取酶的活性均高于碳获取酶,这说明微生物对氮磷的需求更大,土壤总碳含量较高反而会加剧氮磷限制并可能降低nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物多样性。对南亚热带6种人工林土壤进行的研究表明,土壤总碳是影响微生物群落组成的主要因子[29],其含量变化可能导致特定土壤微生物在竞争养分时具有更大的优势,而对其余物种造成不利影响。此外,向土壤中施加作物秸秆和粪肥显著减少nosZ基因拷贝数并抑制其基因的表达比例[30],这说明外来碳源输入提高了土壤碳含量并抑制nosZ基因表达,可能使其在养分竞争中处于劣势,进而导致多样性降低。研究表明向酸性土壤中添加纤维素降低了细菌和真菌的α多样性,这是由于纤维素添加提高了富营养细菌的相对丰度而减少了贫营养细菌的数量[31]。总之,土壤总碳含量升高可能抑制nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物的生长,影响其在土壤微生物群落中的优势度,从而降低其多样性。
NMDS分析结果表明,峡阳根际土nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物的群落结构显著不同于其他4个林场,表明其nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物具有独特的组成特征。进一步分析发现,土壤pH和硝态氮含量是影响nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物群落结构的2个最显著环境因子。峡阳林场土壤的pH显著高于其他林场,而硝态氮含量则显著偏低,这可能是其nosZ Ⅰ群落结构发生明显分化的重要原因。菌群分类结果显示,γ-变形菌纲和α-变形菌纲是根际土壤中优势的N2O还原微生物类群,其中峡阳林场的γ-变形菌纲相对丰度最低,而α-变形菌纲相对丰度最高,两者均与其他林场存在显著差异。这一结果进一步表明了峡阳林场微生物群落结构的特殊性,也提示在pH升高、硝态氮含量降低的环境下,nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物群落可能向更偏好中性或碱性环境的菌纲类群转变。例如,部分α-变形菌纲类群对低pH更加敏感,因此在高pH的峡阳显著富集,而部分γ-变形菌纲则可能更偏好强酸性土壤[5,32]。Chen等[33]研究发现,土壤pH是调控nosZ群落结构的关键环境因子,与本研究结果一致。此外,在森林恢复过程中土壤pH的变化也会对土壤反硝化微生物多样性产生重要影响[34]。由于不同的反硝化微生物对土壤pH值的偏好不同,土壤pH值的单向变化会导致相应的反硝化微生物类群增加或减少。硝态氮是土壤微生物进行反硝化作用的底物,其含量多少将决定反硝化微生物的利用程度。王喜英等[35]研究发现,土壤硝态氮含量对nosZ型反硝化微生物群落结构有显著影响,这是因为硝态氮为反硝化微生物代谢提供底物,并作为反硝化作用的电子受体。此外,Peng等[36]研究发现,在森林演替过程中土壤硝态氮是影响细菌和真菌群落组装的最重要因子,这说明土壤微生物的群落组成将随着硝态氮的可利用性改变而变化。综上所述,峡阳林场根际土壤中nosZ Ⅰ型反硝化微生物群落结构的特殊性很可能源于其较高的土壤pH和较低的硝态氮水平对不同菌纲类群的选择作用。
福建省5个杉木人工林根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度和群落变异明显。其中,官庄和峡阳的nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度显著高于其余3个林场,可溶性有机碳含量是最主要的影响因素,官庄和峡阳的可溶性有机碳含量显著低于其余3个林场。总碳含量是影响nosZ Ⅰ型氧化亚氮还原菌Shannon指数的关键环境因子,且与Shannon指数呈显著负相关。峡阳的nosZ Ⅰ型氧化亚氮还原菌群落结构与其余4个林场显著不同,土壤pH值是最重要的影响因子。5个林场根际土壤的优势菌纲均为γ-变形菌纲,而峡阳显著提高了α-变形菌纲的相对丰度。可见,土壤碳含量和pH值在调控杉木人工林根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度和群落结构中起主要作用。本研究深化了对杉木人工林根际土壤nosZ Ⅰ基因丰度和群落特征及其驱动因素的认识,从而为促进该区域N2O减排提供理论支撑。
李奎毅:数据分析、撰写文章;郑勇:提供资源和获取基金;邓米林:数据收集与监管;叶桂萍:方法论;林永新:提出概念、获取基金和审阅。
作者声明不存在任何可能会影响本文所报告工作的已知经济利益或个人关系。
  • 国家自然科学基金(42377301)
  • 福建省林业科技项目(2024FKJ33)
  • 闽江学院引进人才预研项目(MJY20012)
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2025年第65卷第12期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250409
  • 接收时间:2025-05-24
  • 首发时间:2025-12-08
  • 出版时间:2025-12-04
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-24
  • 录用日期:2025-07-10
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42377301)
国家自然科学基金(42377301)
Fujian Provincial Finance and Forestry Science and Technology Research Project(2024FKJ33)
福建省林业科技项目(2024FKJ33)
Talent Introduction Program of Minjiang University(MJY20012)
闽江学院引进人才预研项目(MJY20012)
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    1.福建师范大学,福建省亚热带资源与环境重点实验室,福建 福州
    2.福建师范大学 地理科学学院,福建 福州
    3.中国科学院华南植物园,广东 广州
    4.闽江学院 地理与海洋学院,福建 福州

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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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