Article(id=1194684380644872234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1194684377813717012, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250291, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1744041600000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1747670400000, acceptedDateStr=2025-05-20, onlineDate=1762764552508, onlineDateStr=2025-11-10, pubDate=1762185600000, pubDateStr=2025-11-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762764552508, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762764552508, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762764552508, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1194684377813717012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2025', volume='65', issue='11', pageStart='4721', pageEnd='5182', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762764551833, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762764551833, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null}, startPage=5008, endPage=5021, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1194684381441790007, articleId=1194684380644872234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 on behaviors of depressed rats and mechanistic exploration, columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression in rats and explore its potential mechanism. Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were initially randomized into three groups: blank control (n=8), CUMS model (n=43), and prevention (n=9). The other groups except the blank control group received three CUMS stimuli daily. The prevention group was administrated with the L. reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 suspension (1×109 CFU/d) via oral gavage prior to daily stress induction. After 4 weeks, depressive behaviors were assessed by sucrose preference, forced swimming, and open field tests. Successfully modeled rats (n=43) were re-randomized into five groups: model control (n=8), fluoxetine (2.1 mg/kg, n=8), combined therapy (2.1 mg/kg fluoxetine+1×109 CFU/d CCTCC M 2016546, n=9), high-dose CCTCC M 2016546 (5×109 CFU/d L. reuteri CCTCC M 2016546, n=9), and low-dose CCTCC M 2016546 (1×109 CFU/d CCTCC M 2016546, n=9). Rats were administrated with corresponding agents daily for 4 weeks and then subjected to behavioral tests again. The levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the hippocampus and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (CORT) in the serum were quantified via ELISA. Western blotting was performed to determine the protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB), protein kinase B (Akt), phosphatidylinisitol 3-kinase (PI3K), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) in the brain tissue. Results Compared with the model control group, all treatment modalities (fluoxetine, combined therapy, and CCTCC M 2016546) alleviated depressive behaviors: increasing sucrose preference (P<0.01, P<0.001), reducing immobility time in suspension (P<0.01, P<0.05), and enhancing horizontal locomotion distance/central zone exploration (P<0.01, P<0.05). Biochemical analyses revealed that treatments reversed the CUMS-induced alterations in 5-HT, CORT, and ACTH levels (P<0.01, P<0.05). Western blotting demonstrated upregulated protein levels of BDNF, PI3K, CREB, TrkB, Akt, and ERK in the fluoxetine and combined therapy groups (P<0.01, P<0.05). High-dose CCTCC M 2016546 elevated Akt, BDNF, CREB, and PI3K levels (P<0.01, P<0.05), while low-dose CCTCC M 2016546 raised Akt and BDNF levels (P<0.01). Prophylactic CCTCC M 2016546 administration primarily enhanced TrkB expression (P<0.05). Conclusion L. reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 ameliorates CUMS-induced depression in rats, potentially by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity and activating the PI3K/Akt/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway.

, correspAuthors=Hai JIA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail:
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#These authors contributed equally to this work.

, authorsList=Ting MA, Jiahui ZHANG, Rong WANG, Hai JIA), CN=ArticleExt(id=1194684768018207458, articleId=1194684380644872234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546对抑郁症大鼠行为的影响及机制探讨, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 探究罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546对慢性温和不可预知应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress, CUMS)诱导的抑郁模型大鼠的抗抑郁效果及其潜在机制。 方法 将60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白组(n=8)、模型组(n=43)、预防组(n=9)。除空白组外,其余大鼠每日接受3种应激刺激,预防组大鼠于每日造模前灌服罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546 (1×109 CFU/d)。4周后,通过糖水偏好试验、强迫游泳试验、旷场试验评估大鼠抑郁状态,并根据评估结果将建模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组(n=8)、氟西汀组(2.1 mg/kg氟西汀,n=8)、协同组(2.1 mg/kg氟西汀+1×109 CFU/d罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546,n=9)、高剂量组(5×109 CFU/d罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546,n=9)、低剂量组(1×109 CFU/d罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546,n=9)。各组大鼠每天接受1次药物治疗,持续4周。再次进行行为学测试,观察罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546对抑郁模型大鼠行为学的影响。采用酶联免疫法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)检测大鼠海马组织中5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)及血清中促肾上腺皮质激素(adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH)、皮质酮(cortisol, CORT)的含量;采用蛋白印迹法(Western blotting)测定脑组织中脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF)、酪氨酸激酶受体B (tyrosine kinase receptor B, TrkB)、蛋白激酶B (protein kinase B, AKT)、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(phosphatidylinisitol 3-kinase, PI3K)、细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal-regulated kinase, ERK)、核转录因子cAMP反应元件结合蛋白(cAMP-response element binding protein, CREB)的蛋白表达。 结果 氟西汀、协同给药及罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546均能显著改善抑郁大鼠的行为表现,可增加糖水偏好(P<0.01, P<0.001),减少悬尾不动时间(P<0.01, P<0.05),提高水平运动总距离及中央区域停留时间(P<0.01, P<0.05)。此外,氟西汀和罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546还能恢复CUMS引起的5-HT、CORT和ACTH水平变化(P<0.01, P<0.05)。在蛋白表达方面,氟西汀组和协同组促进了BDNF、PI3K、CREB、TrkB、Akt、ERK的表达(P<0.01, P<0.05),其中高剂量罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546可增加AKT、BDNF、CREB、PI3K的蛋白水平(P<0.01, P<0.05),而低剂量则提高了AKT和BDNF水平(P<0.01),预防性给药主要改善了TrkB的表达(P<0.05)。 结论 罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546对抑郁模型大鼠具有抗抑郁效果,推测其可能通过调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, HPA)轴功能和PI3K/AKT/CREB/BDNF信号通路发挥作用。

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Neuropharmacology, 2022, 209: 108990., articleTitle=Hippocampal NR6A1 impairs CREB-BDNF signaling and leads to the development of depression-like behaviors in mice, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1194980406966600396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, awardId=20JR10RA404, language=EN, fundingSource=Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20JR10RA404), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1194980407021126349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, awardId=20JR10RA404, language=CN, fundingSource=甘肃省自然科学基金(20JR10RA404), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1194980403514688156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194980403523076765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, companyId=1194980403514688156, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194980403527271070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, companyId=1194980403514688156, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 宁夏医科大学 药学院,宁夏 银川)]), AuthorCompany(id=1194980403581797023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194980403590185632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, companyId=1194980403581797023, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194980403594379937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, companyId=1194980403581797023, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 甘肃省人民医院药剂科,甘肃 兰州)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1194980405708309186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Behavioral results of the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) method for constructing a rat model of depression. A: Sucrose preference rate; B: Immobility time in the forced swimming test; C: Time spent in the open field test; D: Total distance in the open field test; E-G: Representative figure of rats’ tracks after modeling (E: Control; F: Model; G: Prevention). *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 vs. control., figureFileSmall=7bEGQR7fgi3FXpMklU1KLQ==, figureFileBig=qsqgxSj2uu9H81h5I2vwmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194980405762835139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, language=CN, label=图1, caption=慢性不可预知温和应激(CUMS)方法构建大鼠抑郁模型的行为学结果。A:糖水偏好率;B:强迫游泳不动时间;C:旷场实验中央区域停留时间;D:旷场实验水平运动总距离;E-G:空白组、模型组、预防组旷场实验运动轨迹示意图。与空白组相比,*:P<0.05;**:P<0.01;***:P<0.001。, figureFileSmall=7bEGQR7fgi3FXpMklU1KLQ==, figureFileBig=qsqgxSj2uu9H81h5I2vwmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194980405842526916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 on the sucrose preference rate (A) and the immobility time in the forced swimming test (B) in CUMS depressed rats. *P<0.05, ***P<0.001 vs. control; ###P<0.001,##P<0.01,#P<0.05 vs. CUMS., figureFileSmall=nAV/CDDD2n0Xe5nLfD4ljQ==, figureFileBig=U6zJeW64p1LIVZJKgYESYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194980405918024389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, language=CN, label=图2, caption=罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546CUMS抑郁大鼠糖水偏好率(A)及强迫游泳不动时间(B)的影响。与空白组相比,*:P<0.05;***:P<0.001。与模型组相比,###:P<0.001;##:P<0.01;#:P<0.05。, figureFileSmall=nAV/CDDD2n0Xe5nLfD4ljQ==, figureFileBig=U6zJeW64p1LIVZJKgYESYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194980405976744646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 on total horizontal movement distance (A) and central region residence time in the open field experiment (B) in CUMS depressed rats, and representative figure of rats’ tracks after drug intervention (C-I). C: Control; D: CUMS; E: FLT; F: FLT+L. reuteri; G: L. reuteri-HD; H: L. reuteri-LD; I: Prevention. **P<0.01 vs. control; ##P<0.01, #P<0.05 vs. CUMS., figureFileSmall=sfM1eBUPRWDvPdocFpYopQ==, figureFileBig=zaWd0/ocQbo2RnNoZheUOg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194980406052242119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, language=CN, label=图3, caption=罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546CUMS抑郁大鼠旷场实验水平运动总距离(A)和中央区域停留时间(B)的影响及旷场实验运动轨迹示意图(C-I)。C:空白组;D:模型组;E:氟西汀组;F:协同组;G:高剂量组;H:低剂量组;I:预防组。与空白组相比,**:P<0.01。与模型组相比,##:P<0.01;#:P<0.05。, figureFileSmall=sfM1eBUPRWDvPdocFpYopQ==, figureFileBig=zaWd0/ocQbo2RnNoZheUOg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194980406106768072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=The regulatory effect of Lactobacillus reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 on neurotransmitters in CUMS depressed rats. A: Serum 5-HT levels; B: Serum CORT levels; C: Serum ACTH levels. ***P<0.001 vs. control; ###P<0.001, ##P<0.01, #P<0.05 vs. CUMS., figureFileSmall=z23NHe7MoXmt8ha+MRgtDQ==, figureFileBig=MjSEc2fYMZsWxZvebxSGBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194980406169682633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, language=CN, label=图4, caption=罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546CUMS抑郁大鼠神经递质的调节作用。A:5-HT水平;B:CORT水平;C:ACTH水平。与空白组相比,***:P<0.001。与模型组相比,###:P<0.001,##:P<0.01,#:P<0.05。, figureFileSmall=z23NHe7MoXmt8ha+MRgtDQ==, figureFileBig=MjSEc2fYMZsWxZvebxSGBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194980406249374410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 on protein expression of BDNF, PI3K, CREB, TrkB, ERK, and Akt in hippocampal tissues of CUMS depressed rats. A: Electrophoresis gel images of protein expression detected by Western blotting; B: Expression level of Akt protein in hippocampal tissues; C: Expression level of BDNF protein in hippocampal tissues; D: Expression level of CREB protein in hippocampal tissues; E: Expression level of ERK protein in hippocampal tissues; F: Expression level of PI3K protein in hippocampal tissues; G: Expression level of TrkB protein in hippocampal tissues. **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 vs. control; ##P<0.01, #P<0.05 vs. CUMS., figureFileSmall=QdR9mCu1v+fNDgMA0gtYCQ==, figureFileBig=DwmpbrCYnVvv/rLZGUNBew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194980406815605451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1194684380644872234, language=CN, label=图5, caption=罗伊氏乳杆菌对CUMS抑郁大鼠海马组织BDNFPI3KCREBTrkBERKAkt蛋白表达的影响。A:Western blotting检测蛋白表达的电泳胶图;B:海马组织中Akt蛋白表达量;C:海马组织中BDNF蛋白表达量;D:海马组织中CREB蛋白表达量;E:海马组织中ERK蛋白表达量;F:海马组织中PI3K蛋白表达量;G:海马组织中TrkB蛋白表达量。与空白组相比,**:P<0.01;***:P<0.001。与模型组相比,##:P<0.01;#:P<0.05。, 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罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546对抑郁症大鼠行为的影响及机制探讨
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马婷 1, # , 张嘉慧 1, # , 王蓉 1 , 贾海 2, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025,65(11): 5008-5021
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025, 65(11): 5008-5021
罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546对抑郁症大鼠行为的影响及机制探讨
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马婷1, #, 张嘉慧1, #, 王蓉1, 贾海2, *
作者信息
  • 1 宁夏医科大学 药学院,宁夏 银川
  • 2 甘肃省人民医院药剂科,甘肃 兰州
Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 on behaviors of depressed rats and mechanistic exploration
Ting MA1, Jiahui ZHANG1, Rong WANG1, Hai JIA2, *
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
  • 2 Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
出版时间: 2025-11-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250291
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目的 探究罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546对慢性温和不可预知应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress, CUMS)诱导的抑郁模型大鼠的抗抑郁效果及其潜在机制。 方法 将60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白组(n=8)、模型组(n=43)、预防组(n=9)。除空白组外,其余大鼠每日接受3种应激刺激,预防组大鼠于每日造模前灌服罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546 (1×109 CFU/d)。4周后,通过糖水偏好试验、强迫游泳试验、旷场试验评估大鼠抑郁状态,并根据评估结果将建模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组(n=8)、氟西汀组(2.1 mg/kg氟西汀,n=8)、协同组(2.1 mg/kg氟西汀+1×109 CFU/d罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546,n=9)、高剂量组(5×109 CFU/d罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546,n=9)、低剂量组(1×109 CFU/d罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546,n=9)。各组大鼠每天接受1次药物治疗,持续4周。再次进行行为学测试,观察罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546对抑郁模型大鼠行为学的影响。采用酶联免疫法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)检测大鼠海马组织中5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)及血清中促肾上腺皮质激素(adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH)、皮质酮(cortisol, CORT)的含量;采用蛋白印迹法(Western blotting)测定脑组织中脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF)、酪氨酸激酶受体B (tyrosine kinase receptor B, TrkB)、蛋白激酶B (protein kinase B, AKT)、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(phosphatidylinisitol 3-kinase, PI3K)、细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal-regulated kinase, ERK)、核转录因子cAMP反应元件结合蛋白(cAMP-response element binding protein, CREB)的蛋白表达。 结果 氟西汀、协同给药及罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546均能显著改善抑郁大鼠的行为表现,可增加糖水偏好(P<0.01, P<0.001),减少悬尾不动时间(P<0.01, P<0.05),提高水平运动总距离及中央区域停留时间(P<0.01, P<0.05)。此外,氟西汀和罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546还能恢复CUMS引起的5-HT、CORT和ACTH水平变化(P<0.01, P<0.05)。在蛋白表达方面,氟西汀组和协同组促进了BDNF、PI3K、CREB、TrkB、Akt、ERK的表达(P<0.01, P<0.05),其中高剂量罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546可增加AKT、BDNF、CREB、PI3K的蛋白水平(P<0.01, P<0.05),而低剂量则提高了AKT和BDNF水平(P<0.01),预防性给药主要改善了TrkB的表达(P<0.05)。 结论 罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546对抑郁模型大鼠具有抗抑郁效果,推测其可能通过调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, HPA)轴功能和PI3K/AKT/CREB/BDNF信号通路发挥作用。

罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546  /  CUMS  /  抑郁  /  行为学  /  蛋白表达

Objective To investigate the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression in rats and explore its potential mechanism. Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were initially randomized into three groups: blank control (n=8), CUMS model (n=43), and prevention (n=9). The other groups except the blank control group received three CUMS stimuli daily. The prevention group was administrated with the L. reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 suspension (1×109 CFU/d) via oral gavage prior to daily stress induction. After 4 weeks, depressive behaviors were assessed by sucrose preference, forced swimming, and open field tests. Successfully modeled rats (n=43) were re-randomized into five groups: model control (n=8), fluoxetine (2.1 mg/kg, n=8), combined therapy (2.1 mg/kg fluoxetine+1×109 CFU/d CCTCC M 2016546, n=9), high-dose CCTCC M 2016546 (5×109 CFU/d L. reuteri CCTCC M 2016546, n=9), and low-dose CCTCC M 2016546 (1×109 CFU/d CCTCC M 2016546, n=9). Rats were administrated with corresponding agents daily for 4 weeks and then subjected to behavioral tests again. The levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the hippocampus and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (CORT) in the serum were quantified via ELISA. Western blotting was performed to determine the protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB), protein kinase B (Akt), phosphatidylinisitol 3-kinase (PI3K), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) in the brain tissue. Results Compared with the model control group, all treatment modalities (fluoxetine, combined therapy, and CCTCC M 2016546) alleviated depressive behaviors: increasing sucrose preference (P<0.01, P<0.001), reducing immobility time in suspension (P<0.01, P<0.05), and enhancing horizontal locomotion distance/central zone exploration (P<0.01, P<0.05). Biochemical analyses revealed that treatments reversed the CUMS-induced alterations in 5-HT, CORT, and ACTH levels (P<0.01, P<0.05). Western blotting demonstrated upregulated protein levels of BDNF, PI3K, CREB, TrkB, Akt, and ERK in the fluoxetine and combined therapy groups (P<0.01, P<0.05). High-dose CCTCC M 2016546 elevated Akt, BDNF, CREB, and PI3K levels (P<0.01, P<0.05), while low-dose CCTCC M 2016546 raised Akt and BDNF levels (P<0.01). Prophylactic CCTCC M 2016546 administration primarily enhanced TrkB expression (P<0.05). Conclusion L. reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 ameliorates CUMS-induced depression in rats, potentially by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity and activating the PI3K/Akt/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway.

Lactobacillus reuteri CCTCC M 2016546  /  CUMS  /  depression  /  behavioristics  /  protein expression
马婷, 张嘉慧, 王蓉, 贾海. 罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546对抑郁症大鼠行为的影响及机制探讨. 微生物学报, 2025 , 65 (11) : 5008 -5021 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250291
Ting MA, Jiahui ZHANG, Rong WANG, Hai JIA. Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri CCTCC M 2016546 on behaviors of depressed rats and mechanistic exploration[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2025 , 65 (11) : 5008 -5021 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250291
抑郁症是一种严重的情绪障碍,是世界范围内致残性最强的障碍,也是全球疾病负担的主要原因[1]。目前,全球抑郁症患者达3.5亿人,中国抑郁症患病率为2.1%,终生患病率高达6.8%,受抑郁症影响的人群范围正逐步扩大[2-3]。基于单胺类神经递质缺乏假说,目前常用的抗抑郁药主要是选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitor, SSRI)或去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, NRI)等化学药物。然而,这些药物存在不良反应显著、耐药性出现快、价格昂贵等缺点,限制了其长期应用[4]。因此,寻求多靶点、高效、安全的抗抑郁药物治疗抑郁症已成为当务之急[5]
抑郁症的生物学因素包括多种神经递质的缺乏,如多巴胺(dopamine, DA)、去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine, NE)和5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)。此外,抑郁症还与下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, HPA)轴的失调密切相关[6]。在分子层面,脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF)是一种关键蛋白质,是神经生长和突触形成的关键调节因子。研究表明BDNF水平低下与抑郁发生具有强相关性[7]。BDNF通过与其高亲和力的特异性受体酪氨酸激酶受体B (tyrosine kinase receptor B, TrkB)结合激活下游一系列信号传导通路,这些通路在神经系统中对神经元细胞的生长、发育、功能表达以及修复神经损伤发挥关键作用[8-9]
随着微生物群假说的兴起,益生菌(当施用足量时对宿主健康有益的活微生物)在辅助治疗抑郁症方面备受关注[10-11]。近年来,临床研究表明益生菌可有效治疗神经系统疾病。Tian等[12]报道,短芽孢杆菌CCFM1025通过调节肠道微生物组及其色氨酸代谢减轻抑郁症的临床表现。一项安慰剂对照试验表明[13],一种混合益生菌配方(包含冻干短芽孢杆菌CCFM1025、长芽孢杆菌CCFM687和酸乳假单胞菌CCFM6432)显示出显著的抗抑郁效果,能显著降低汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression rating scale)等抑郁评估工具的得分,证明了益生菌在改善抑郁症状方面的潜力。益生菌和益生元对抑郁症的功效已在各种临床前研究和临床试验中得到验证[14]
罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri)是一种具有异质性(主要指罗伊氏乳杆菌的遗传异质性,基因组序列的不同可能导致宿主内部生态表现存在差异,从而表现出不同的适应性特征)的厌氧微生物,广泛存在于多种哺乳动物的组织中,包括皮肤、泌尿道、胃肠道等,自1962年首次被成功分离以来,罗伊氏乳杆菌已在多个生物学和医学领域展现出其重要性。众多研究表明,罗伊氏乳杆菌的特定菌株在治疗和预防包括高胆固醇血症、牙周炎和皮肤感染等多种疾病中发挥着重要作用[15]。其在健康领域的潜力已得到证实,但关于罗伊氏乳杆菌与抑郁症之间可能的关联目前研究相对较少。
本研究采用慢性温和不可预知应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress, CUMS)法建立抑郁大鼠模型,探索罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546在缓解慢性应激引起的抑郁样行为方面的潜力,并进一步探讨其潜在的抗抑郁机制,以期为罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546作为新型抗抑郁药物研发奠定实验基础。
清洁级健康成年雄性SD大鼠,鼠龄6-8周,体质量(180±20) g,购自甘肃华瑞祥和生物科技有限公司,动物许可证号:91620123MA71Q7XU77。大鼠饲养于昼/夜各12 h,温度(25±1) ℃,相对湿度55%-65%的环境中。
本研究动物实验通过甘肃省人民医院医学伦理委员会批准,编号为2021-013。
罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546,陕西纽芙生物科技有限公司。
氟西汀胶囊,礼来苏州制药有限公司;BDNF抗体、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(phosphatidylinisitol 3-kinase, PI3K)抗体、核转录因子cAMP反应元件结合蛋白(cAMP-response element binding protein, CREB)抗体、TrkB抗体、细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal-regulated kinase, ERK)抗体、蛋白激酶B (protein kinase B, AKT)抗体,Affinity Bioscience公司;皮质酮(CORT) ELISA试剂盒、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH) ELISA试剂盒、5-羟色胺(5-HT) ELISA试剂盒,江苏晶美生物科技有限公司;BCA蛋白定量试剂盒,江苏康为世纪生物科技有限公司。
酶标仪,美谷分子仪器(上海)有限公司;电泳仪,北京六一生物科技有限公司;化学发光成像系统,杭州申花科技有限公司;高速冷冻型微量离心机,Scilogex公司;研磨仪,武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司。
SD雄性大鼠在实验前适应性饲养1周,其间进行质量分数为1%的糖水偏好试验。1周后,将大鼠随机分为空白组(n=8)、模型组(n=43)和预防组(n=9)。除空白组外,其余大鼠参照文献[16]的慢性不可预知温和应激(CUMS)方法构建抑郁模型,大鼠每天随机接受以下3种不同的应激刺激:禁食24 h、禁水24 h、夹尾2 min、空笼刺激、鼠笼倾斜45° 24 h、昼夜颠倒、悬尾1 min、异味刺激、潮湿垫料24 h、4 ℃冷水游泳、45 ℃热水游泳、水平摇晃鼠笼20 min、足部电击10 s,3种应激刺激是随机的且2 d内刺激方式不重复,持续4周。预防组大鼠于每日造模前补充1×109 CFU/d罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546。
造模4周后,通过行为学测试(包括糖水偏好试验、强迫游泳试验、旷场试验)评价抑郁模型,将模型组中抑郁模型构建成功的大鼠随机分为CUMS组(n=8)、氟西汀组(2.1 mg/kg氟西汀,n=8)、协同组(2.1 mg/kg氟西汀+1×109 CFU/d罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546,n=9)、高剂量组(5×109 CFU/d罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546,n=9)、低剂量组(1×109 CFU/d罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546,n=9)。之后,每天给药1次,持续4周。空白组和模型组分别灌胃1 mL生理盐水。根据前人研究确定大鼠罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546的受试剂量,氟西汀剂量换算参考文献[17]。药物干预期间,除空白组外其余各组大鼠持续接受应激刺激,空白组饲养在恒温恒湿、光照/黑暗循环的环境中,可自由摄取食物和水。药物干预结束后再次进行行为学测试。
灌胃前,将菌粉和氟西汀分别溶于生理盐水制成悬液,需现配现用。
糖水消耗测试用于评估大鼠的快感缺失状态。让大鼠适应1%蔗糖溶液,在每个笼内放置2瓶蔗糖溶液24 h,随后将其中1瓶替换为纯净水,继续放置24 h,其间每12 h更换1次瓶子的位置。禁食禁水24 h后将大鼠单独饲养在笼子中,使其自由获取2瓶分别装有100 mL 1%蔗糖溶液和100 mL纯净水的瓶子。测定2 h内消耗的蔗糖和饮水量,中间时间更换一次水瓶位置。糖水偏好率计算如公式(1)所示。
糖水偏好率=蔗糖消耗量/(蔗糖消耗量+纯净水消耗量)×100%
强迫游泳实验用于记录大鼠在绝望状态下的行为反应。将大鼠单独置于直径25 cm、高度60 cm且装有水的透明圆柱体内(水温25 ℃、水深40 cm),记录6 min内后5 min的总静止时间。不动的判断标准为漂浮,但保持漂浮所需的动作除外。每次测试结束后需更换圆桶内的水,用毛巾擦干大鼠体表,然后转移到干燥的饲养笼中。
旷场实验用于评估大鼠在新环境中的自发运动活动和探索行为。将大鼠轻轻地放置在一个100 cm×100 cm×35 cm的敞箱中央,让其探索5 min,用相机记录活动轨迹[20],并通过Smart v3.0动物行为学分析系统进行分析。每次探索后用乙醇彻底清洁场地,以消除前一只测试动物留下的嗅觉线索。有必要提前进行OFT (在强迫游泳试验之前进行旷场试验),以消除由行动能力剥夺引起的假性抑郁行为[21]
大鼠行为学实验结束后禁食禁水12 h,麻醉后摘眼球取血,室温静置1 h使其凝血,于4 ℃、3 000 r/min离心15 min后,取上清液保存于-80 ℃。采血完成后处死大鼠,迅速在冰上取海马组织,暂存于液氮中,随后转移至-80 ℃冰箱中备用。
按照ELISA试剂盒说明书步骤依次操作,使用酶标仪检测吸光度值,进而换算出各组大鼠海马组织5-HT及血清皮质酮、ACTH水平。
称取20 mg左右海马组织,加入200 μL裂解液进行匀浆,于4 ℃、12 000 r/min离心10 min后取上清液,根据BCA蛋白定量试剂盒说明书测定总蛋白浓度。进行SDS-PAGE后,将蛋白转移至PVDF膜,在5%脱脂牛奶中室温封闭1 h。按比例稀释一抗,4 ℃孵育过夜。用0.05% TBST溶液洗膜3次后,加入稀释后的二抗,室温孵育1 h。再次洗膜后将ECL显色液滴加在PVDF膜上显色,使用ImageJ 2×软件分析蛋白条带的灰度值。
采用SPSS 23.0进行统计分析,各组数据均以mean±SD表示。对数据进行正态性及方差齐性检验后,多组数据间的比较采用单因素方差分析,P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。
建模4周后,对大鼠进行了一系列行为学测试以评估抑郁模型的构建效果以及罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546对抑郁是否具有预防效果。如图1所示,与空白组比较,模型组、预防组大鼠糖水偏好率明显降低(P<0.05, P<0.01);在强迫游泳实验中,模型组、预防组大鼠漂浮不动时间明显增加(P<0.01, P<0.05);在旷场实验中,模型组大鼠水平运动总距离和中央区域停留时间明显降低(P<0.01),预防组大鼠水平运动总距离及中央区域停留时间降低(P<0.05)。
上述行为学测试结果提示CUMS抑郁大鼠出现愉悦感缺乏、活跃度减少以及绝望等行为,表明CUMS抑郁大鼠模型构建成功。然而,预防组与模型组之间的行为学差异不具有统计学意义,提示为期4周的益生菌补充不能有效预防抑郁的发生。
将造模成功的CUMS模型组大鼠进一步随机分为持续接受应激刺激的模型组以及不同的治疗干预组。药物干预4周后再次对空白组、预防组、模型组以及各治疗组进行同期行为学测试评估。
通过测量糖水偏好率和FST期间的不动时间,评估了暴露于CUMS的大鼠中罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546的抗抑郁作用。如图2所示,罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546的给药产生了显著效果。氟西汀组、协同组以及高剂量组大鼠的糖水偏好率相较于模型组明显升高(P<0.01),而低剂量组和预防组的糖水偏好率较模型组显著升高(P<0.001)。此外,罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546单独使用或联合氟西汀使用显著减少了FST的不动时间(P<0.01, P<0.05)。这些结果显示,给药各组抑郁样行为显著减少,但各组之间无显著差异。
图3所示,与空白组比较,模型组大鼠的水平运动总距离和中央区域停留时间均显著减少(P<0.01);与模型组比较,除低剂量组外其他药物干预组水平运动总距离明显增加(P<0.05)。低剂量组大鼠水平运动总距离虽有增加趋势,但这种差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。此外,与模型组相比所有药物干预组在中央区域的停留时间明显增加(P<0.01, P<0.05),但各给药组之间的差异无统计学意义。
为探究应激反应和药物治疗对神经内分泌系统激活的影响,对海马组织中的5-HT以及血清中CORT和ACTH的活性进行了评估。与正常组比较,模型组大鼠海马组织中的5-HT水平显著降低(P<0.001),而血清中CORT、ACTH水平则显著升高(P<0.001);与模型组相比,氟西汀组、协同组、高剂量组和低剂量组均能显著提高大鼠海马组织中5-HT水平(P<0.01, P<0.05),并显著降低血清CORT、ACTH水平(P<0.01, P<0.05)。然而,预防组大鼠在神经递质水平的变化上未显示出统计学差异(图4)。
为揭示罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546在抗抑郁和神经保护方面的潜在机制,本研究进一步采用Western blotting技术测定海马组织中BDNF、PI3K、CREB、TrkB、ERK、Akt的水平。与正常组比较,模型组大鼠海马组织中的BDNF、PI3K、CREB、TrkB、ERK、Akt蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.001)。与模型组比较,氟西汀组上述蛋白的表达显著升高(P<0.01, P<0.05);协同组能显著提高大鼠海马组织中的BDNF、PI3K、CREB、TrkB、Akt蛋白的表达(P<0.01, P<0.05);高剂量组显著提高了Akt、BDNF、CREB、PI3K蛋白的表达(P<0.01, P<0.05),而低剂量组仅显著增强了Akt、BDNF蛋白的表达(P<0.01);预防组则仅对TrkB蛋白表达有明显的提升作用(P<0.05) (图5)。
抑郁症是一种长期且严重影响个体健康的疾病,与长期压力的关联性日益受到重视[22]。慢性温和不可预知应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress, CUMS)是研究抑郁症的经典动物模型,它能够稳定地模拟人类抑郁症的症状,并用于评估临床前研究中抗抑郁药的效果[23]。抑郁症的临床症状包括明显的焦虑、缺乏愉悦感以及悲观和绝望感。针对这些症状,本研究采用SPT、FST、OFT 3种行为测试方法评估每只大鼠的抑郁状态。实验发现,4周的CUMS暴露可诱发大鼠的抑郁样行为,包括SPT的糖水偏好率降低、FST的不动时间延长,以及OFT的水平运动总距离和中央区域停留时间降低,表现为大鼠快感缺失、绝望增加以及对周围环境的探索兴趣降低,与对照组大鼠相比存在显著差异,与以往研究结果[5]一致,提示抑郁模型成功建立。此外,本研究发现单纯4周的益生菌补充并不能有效预防抑郁的发生。同时,本研究还显示,连续4周单独使用罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546或将其与氟西汀联合治疗能够逆转CUMS诱导的抑郁行为。
在抑郁症领域,氟西汀作为首个SSRI类药物其临床疗效和安全性已获广泛认可,常被用作抗抑郁研究的阳性对照药物。然而,这类药物存在一定局限性:一方面,抗抑郁作用存在延迟效应,通常给药1周后抑郁症状才出现改善,且有40%的患者对该类药物无效;另一方面,患者用药过程中易出现恶心、食欲减退、便秘等胃肠道不良反应,且长期使用可能产生耐受性[24-25]
近年来研究发现,在改善抑郁症患者临床症状、异常行为及认知功能等方面,抗抑郁药物联合肠道菌群调节剂的疗效优于单一使用抗抑郁药物[26]。鉴于抑郁症发病机制的复杂性,本研究聚焦于罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546的抗抑郁作用及其潜在机制探究,旨在寻找新的抗抑郁手段,以实现“增效减副”的目标。然而,受研究设计限制本研究尚未深入探讨罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546对降低抗抑郁西药使用剂量的具体影响,这也是未来研究中亟待探索的方向。
HPA轴是导致抑郁症发生和发展的复杂神经生物学机制之一。当机体长期暴露于应激环境时,下丘脑室旁核(paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus, PVN)的分泌功能失衡,驱动HPA轴长时间处于高活性状态。这种过度激活状态会刺激垂体前叶,使其分泌促肾上腺皮质素(ACTH)增加,进而促进皮质酮(CORT)的持续释放,导致HPA轴的负反馈调节机制异常,使机体出现情绪、认知等障碍[27-29]。研究表明PVH的促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(corticotropin releasing hormone, CRH)神经元中存在高度定位的5-HT受体,HPA轴功能障碍可能会抑制5-HT的合成,这可能与抑郁症状加剧有关[30]。相关动物实验和临床研究表明,益生菌可能有助于调节大脑神经递质和蛋白质浓度的变化,以及降低CORT水平,从而改善抑郁行为[31]。本研究发现,CUMS诱导的HPA轴亢进与海马组织中5-HT水平降低以及血清中ACTH、CORT水平升高相关,这与既往研究结果一致[5]。此外,本研究观察到经过28 d补充罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546和28 d联合氟西汀治疗后,抑郁模型大鼠海马组织中降低的5-HT,以及血清中升高的ACTH和CORT水平均得到明显恢复。因此,推测罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546能够通过促进神经递质分泌,改善抑郁模型大鼠应激性HPA轴的亢进状态,从而改善大鼠抑郁行为。
BDNF作为抑郁症发病机制中的核心生物标志物,广泛参与调节海马及大脑皮层神经元突触可塑性,在评估健康个体与抑郁个体差异方面具有重要意义。BDNF水平降低被证实与突触可塑性减退和神经萎缩密切相关,而其水平升高则有助于神经元存活及分化[32]。抗抑郁药和电休克治疗能使抑郁患者BDNF水平趋于标准化,从而改善认知能力[33]。TrkB源自神经营养因子酪氨酸激酶家族作为BDNF的高亲和力受体,对成人海马新生神经元的生存、分化和功能至关重要[34]。研究表明BDNF与TrkB结合后形成的二聚体能够激活一系列信号级联反应,包括细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)及磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B (PI3K/AKT)等关键信号通路,它们共同促进神经网络的适应性和动态平衡,增强神经系统的功能和稳定性[33]。抑郁症相关大脑区域的ERK通路对慢性压力更为敏感。在慢性抑郁症模型中,海马体中的ERK活性受到抑制,与急性抑郁模型形成对比[35]。PI3K/AKT信号通路在情绪相关大脑区域广泛表达,通过促进突触相关神经蛋白的表达和细胞骨架发育推动树突的生长和分支形成,增强海马区域的突触可塑性,在抑郁症中发挥作用[36]
TrkB激活的下游细胞内信号级联可能交汇于核转录因子cAMP反应元件结合蛋白(CREB)[37]。CREB活性受到抑制会促进神经元凋亡,而p-CREB过表达则有助于改善这一现象[38]。在抗抑郁药物的作用机制中,CREB是一个共同作用点[39]。一项研究表明,非竞争性N-甲基-d-天冬氨酸受体拮抗剂美金刚能够激活ERK-CREB信号通路,增强嗅球切除诱导的抑郁小鼠的海马细胞增殖和神经保护[40]。CORT给药会改变树突棘的密度和形态,影响突触功能,引发抑郁行为,并降低BDNF和TrkB的表达。单胺类生物碱2-苯乙胺 (PEA)通过激活海马中的BDNF/TrkB/CREB信号通路恢复CORT诱导的树突棘结构改变,改善相关行为[8]。研究还发现,CUMS可导致小鼠海马NR6A1基因过表达,而CREB或BDNF基因敲除能够抵消NR6A1下调对CUMS诱导的抑郁行为的预防效果[41]。CUMS还能降低大鼠大脑中BDNF、TrkB、PI3K、AKT水平,长期摄入槟榔可通过激活这些信号通路改善抑郁行为[5]。本研究观察到CUMS模型组的BDNF、TrkB、CREB、ERK、PI3K、AKT水平降低,这与先前研究相符。阳性对照药氟西汀和协同给药4周可改善上述指标。高剂量的罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546能逆转AKT、BDNF、CREB、PI3K蛋白的表达,低剂量则提高了AKT和BDNF水平,预防性给药主要改善了TrkB的表达。通过上述结果推测,罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546可能通过激活PI3K/AKT/CREB/BDNF通路发挥神经保护作用。
本文虽提供了一些有价值的见解,但仍存在一些局限性。(1) 抑郁症的发病机制极为复杂,涉及多种因素和模型。根据流行病学调查数据,女性抑郁症的发病率可能高于男性。然而,本研究中罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546仅在CUMS诱导的SD雄性大鼠模型中进行了测试,这无疑限制了本研究对结果普遍性的推断。(2) 本研究主要聚焦于信号通路中的关键分子,未进行全面分析,这表明未来研究需要对罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546的抗抑郁作用机制进行更全面和更深入的探索。
目前的结果表明,将阳性对照药氟西汀与罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546联合应用相较于单独使用罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546治疗可能更有助于改善抑郁行为。然而,预防性给药并未展现出明显的抗抑郁作用。本研究推测罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546能够改善抑郁行为可能是通过降低HPA轴的功能亢进,以及激活PI3K/AKT/CREB/BDNF信号通路实现的。这些发现不仅为罗伊氏乳杆菌CCTCC M 2016546在抑郁症治疗中的保护作用提供了新视角,还揭示了其潜在的作用机制,为其在抑郁症领域的应用奠定了理论基础。
马婷:参与实验设计,实验数据收集与分析,撰写文章;张嘉慧:实验和数据分析;王蓉:参与论文修改;贾海:监督管理,论文审阅。
作者声明不存在任何可能会影响本文所报告工作的已知经济利益或个人关系。
  • 甘肃省自然科学基金(20JR10RA404)
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2025年第65卷第11期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250291
  • 接收时间:2025-04-08
  • 首发时间:2025-11-10
  • 出版时间:2025-11-04
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-08
  • 录用日期:2025-05-20
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Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20JR10RA404)
甘肃省自然科学基金(20JR10RA404)
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    1 宁夏医科大学 药学院,宁夏 银川
    2 甘肃省人民医院药剂科,甘肃 兰州

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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