Article(id=1192149554742046856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1192149543010582589, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250200, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1741795200000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1745337600000, acceptedDateStr=2025-04-23, onlineDate=1762160202917, onlineDateStr=2025-11-03, pubDate=1756915200000, pubDateStr=2025-09-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762160202917, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762160202917, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762160202917, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1192149543010582589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2025', volume='65', issue='10', pageStart='4241', pageEnd='4713', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762160200113, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762160638682, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1192151382586175735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1192149543010582589, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1192151382586175736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1192149543010582589, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4488, endPage=4503, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1192149554930790538, articleId=1192149554742046856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Effects of endophytic bacteria on the growth and medicinal quality of Isatis indigotica Fort., columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] We isolated endophytes from the roots of Isatis indigotica Fort. and investigated the effects of endophytes on the growth, physiology, and medicinal quality of I. indigotica, aiming to provide a reference for microbial regulation of the cultivation and production of this plant. [Methods] The relevant culture media were selected to analyze the plant growth-promoting activities of the endophytes. Three endophyte strains (Bacillus sp. BC00, Bacillus sp. BV11, and Pseudomonas sp. PA28) were selected and applied singly to I. indigotica four times. The physiological indexes of the leaves were measured at different time points after the last treatment, and the growth and physiological indexes and the content of active ingredients of the roots and the leaves were measured at the harvesting stage. [Results] The photosynthetic pigment content and nutrient-metabolizing enzyme activities of I. indigotica leaves in each treatment group were higher than those in the control group at each time point. The three strains of endophytic bacteria significantly promoted the growth and biomass accumulation of I. indigotica. Strain BC00 had the best promoting effect on the dry weight of the above-ground part, which was increased by 74.16% compared with that of the control. Strain BV11 had the most significant promoting effect on the dry weight of the below-ground part, which was increased by 216.02% compared that of the control. The treatments with endophytic bacteria significantly affected the content of endogenous hormones and soluble substances. The three strains of endophytic bacteria had different effects on the active ingredients. Compared with the control, strain BC00 increased the content of indigo and epigoitrin by 7.83% and 5.64%, respectively, while strain BV11 slightly decreased the content of indigo and epigoitrin. The total active biomass of each index ingredient in the strain treatments was significantly higher than that of the control. [Conclusion] The endophytic bacterial strains BC00, BV11, and PA28 had significant promoting effects on the growth, physiological indexes, and active ingredients of I. indigotica, and strain BC00 demonstrated the best comprehensive promoting effect. The findings provide a basis for the later development of microbial fertilizers conducive to the growth of I. indigotica.

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【目的】 从菘蓝(Isatis indigotica Fort.)根中分离内生菌,研究内生菌对菘蓝生长生理及药用品质的影响,为其栽培生产中微生物调控提供参考。 【方法】 选择相应的培养基分析内生菌的促生活性;随后进行盆栽试验,选取3株具促生作用的内生菌(Bacillus sp. BC00、Bacillus sp.BV11、Pseudomonas sp.PA28)单施菘蓝4次,最后一次处理后不同时间测定叶片的相关生理指标,并于采收期测定其根与叶的生长生理、活性成分等指标。 【结果】 各处理组菘蓝叶的光合色素含量、营养代谢酶活性在每个时间点均高于对照组。3株内生菌对其生长和生物量积累均有显著促进作用,其中BC00对地上部分干重的促进效果最佳,与对照相比提升了74.16%;BV11对地下部分干重的促进效果最显著,与对照相比提升了216.02%。内生菌处理对其内源激素和可溶性物质含量有显著影响。3株内生菌对活性成分的影响各有不同,BC00与对照相比靛蓝和(R,S)-告依春含量分别增加了7.83%和5.64%;BV11的靛蓝和(R,S)-告依春含量略低于对照,但处理组各指标成分的总活性生物量均显著高于对照。 【结论】 菘蓝内生细菌BC00、BV11和PA28对其生长生理及活性成分均有显著促进作用,其中BC00的综合促进效果最佳,为后期研发有利于菘蓝生长的微生物菌肥提供了依据。

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作者贡献声明

胡雨沁:试验研究、数据收集、数据分析和论文撰写;孙莉琼:试验指导和数据监管;李晓帆:提供技术支持;杜岳阳:协助试验操作;唐晓清:获取基金、提出概念和试验指导;王康才:协助指导试验与论文审阅。

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The branch length represents the evolutionary distance calculated by the neighbor-joining method, reflecting the degree of differences accumulated during species evolution; The numbers at the branch nodes represent bootstrap values, which are used to assess the credibility of the branches., figureFileSmall=wOruca6WFz8aIns2fiOyYA==, figureFileBig=pLNEOd1EdAa2rX49O1jdPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161214206718440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=图1, caption=内生菌株基于16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育树。分支长度表示基于邻接法计算得出的进化距离,反映物种进化过程中积累的差异程度;分支节点数值代表自展值,用于评估分支的可信度。, figureFileSmall=wOruca6WFz8aIns2fiOyYA==, figureFileBig=pLNEOd1EdAa2rX49O1jdPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161214294798825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Photosynthetic pigment content of Isatis indigotica leaves at different times after treatment with different endophytic bacteria (n=3). A: Chlorophyll a; B: Chlorophyll b; C: Carotenoids. Different colors indicate different endophytic bacteria treatment groups; Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05)., figureFileSmall=4Z13z30EHcbbcNXqTjUHIA==, figureFileBig=YAEPAak5/9I7DkUPUY9BMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161214370296298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同内生菌处理后不同时间点菘蓝叶的光合色素含量(n=3)。A:叶绿素a;B:叶绿素b;C:类胡萝卜素。不同颜色表示不同内生菌处理组;不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。, figureFileSmall=4Z13z30EHcbbcNXqTjUHIA==, figureFileBig=YAEPAak5/9I7DkUPUY9BMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161215406289387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=The dynamic trend of total chlorophyll content of Isatis indigotica after treatment with different endophytic bacteria (n=3). Different colors indicate different endophytic bacteria treatment groups; Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences within the group (P<0.05)., figureFileSmall=wtgHeRnfsg03tIWnS7qONg==, figureFileBig=+ixFbtHmCB5UwzHmrxLpIg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161215481786860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同内生菌处理后菘蓝的总叶绿素含量动态趋势(n=3)。不同颜色表示不同内生菌处理组;不同小写字母表示组内差异显著(P<0.05)。, figureFileSmall=wtgHeRnfsg03tIWnS7qONg==, figureFileBig=+ixFbtHmCB5UwzHmrxLpIg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161215586644461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=The key enzyme activities of nutrient metabolism in leaves of Isatis indigotica at different times after treatment with different endophytic bacteria(n=3). A: Sucrose phosphate synthase; B: Nitrate reductase; C: Acid phosphatase. Different colors indicate different endophytic bacteria treatment groups; Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05)., figureFileSmall=nIqCypDrEm40Whf8aqC6/Q==, figureFileBig=pU53E6JEy5G2hBiv7ivLNg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161215687307758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同内生菌处理后不同时间点菘蓝叶的营养代谢关键酶活性(n=3)。A:蔗糖磷酸合成酶;B:硝酸还原酶;C:酸性磷酸酶。不同颜色表示不同内生菌处理组;不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。, figureFileSmall=nIqCypDrEm40Whf8aqC6/Q==, figureFileBig=pU53E6JEy5G2hBiv7ivLNg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161215775388143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Soluble substance content of Isatis indigotica under different endophytic bacteria treatments (n=3). A: I. indigotica leaf; B: I. indigotica root. Different colors indicate different endophytic bacteria treatment groups; Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05)., figureFileSmall=/Mu0SYs5R/HgJEFNiGe9fw==, figureFileBig=QDSAD/GF5BFL7TdOcpkNQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161215888634352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同内生菌处理下菘蓝的可溶性物质含量(n=3)。A:菘蓝叶;B:菘蓝根。不同颜色表示不同内生菌处理组;不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。, figureFileSmall=/Mu0SYs5R/HgJEFNiGe9fw==, figureFileBig=QDSAD/GF5BFL7TdOcpkNQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161215959937521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Endogenous hormone content of Isatis indigotica under different endophytic bacteria treatments (n=3). A: IAA, GA3 contents in I. indigotica leaves; B: ABA, ZR contents in I. indigotica leaves; C: IAA, GA3 contents in I. indigotica root; D: ABA, ZR contents in I. indigotica root. Different colors indicate different endophytic bacteria treatment groups; Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05)., figureFileSmall=tXjawvq/Wh/5TTq46YcVcA==, figureFileBig=X5rbgln3l1pB5ywfV2kD3Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161216039629298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同内生菌处理下菘蓝的内源激素含量(n=3)。A:菘蓝叶IAA、GA3含量;B:菘蓝叶ABA、ZR含量;C:菘蓝根IAA、GA3含量;D:菘蓝根ABA、ZR含量。不同颜色表示不同内生菌处理组;不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。, figureFileSmall=tXjawvq/Wh/5TTq46YcVcA==, figureFileBig=X5rbgln3l1pB5ywfV2kD3Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161216106738163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Contents of active components in Isatis indigotica under different endophytic bacteria treatments (n=3). A: I. indigotica leaf; B: I. indigotica root. Different colors indicate different endophytic bacteria treatment groups; Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05)., figureFileSmall=m+o9kjkET4pVgoMzy8JVrw==, figureFileBig=9r7IlToKRmDJAItfCqxzRQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161216173847028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同内生菌处理下菘蓝的活性成分含量(n=3)。A:菘蓝叶;B:菘蓝根。不同颜色表示不同内生菌处理组;不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。, figureFileSmall=m+o9kjkET4pVgoMzy8JVrw==, figureFileBig=9r7IlToKRmDJAItfCqxzRQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161216257733109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Correlation analysis of physiological indexes, growth indexes and active components of Isatis indigotica. The color represents Pearson correlation coefficient, orange represents positive correlation, blue represents negative correlation, and the color depth reflects the correlation intensity (see the right color ruler); *: P≤0.05, the correlation between variables was statistically significant; **: P≤0.01, the correlation between variables was statistically significant., figureFileSmall=hUot5+kb3+3rH/8dcbkOAw==, figureFileBig=ih7kOtOeiQwTs7APNIW/Hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161216324841974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=图8, caption=菘蓝生理指标与其生长指标、活性成分的相关性分析。颜色代表Pearson相关系数,橙色表示正相关,蓝色表示负相关,颜色深浅反映相关性强度(见右侧颜色标尺);*:P≤0.05 (变量之间的相关性在统计学上显著);**:P≤0.01 (变量之间的相关性在统计学上极显著)。, figureFileSmall=hUot5+kb3+3rH/8dcbkOAw==, figureFileBig=ih7kOtOeiQwTs7APNIW/Hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192161216391950839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

In vitro life-promoting activity of endophytic strains

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
StrainNitrogen fixationPotassium dissolutionInorganic phosphorus dissolutionOrganic phosphorus dissolutionFe3+ productionIAA production
BC00+++-++
BV11+--+-+
PA28+-++++
), ArticleFig(id=1192161216459059704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

内生菌株的体外促生活性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
StrainNitrogen fixationPotassium dissolutionInorganic phosphorus dissolutionOrganic phosphorus dissolutionFe3+ productionIAA production
BC00+++-++
BV11+--+-+
PA28+-++++
), ArticleFig(id=1192161216538751481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Effects of different endophytic bacteria treatments on photosynthetic parameters of Isatis indigotica (mean±SD, n=15)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TreatmentPhotosynthetic rate (μmol/(m2∙s))

Stomatal conductance

(mol/(m2∙s))

Intercellular

CO2 concentration

(μmol/(m2∙s))

Transpiration rate (mmol/(m2∙s))

Water use efficiency

(μmol/mmol)

CK3.298±0.007d0.018±0.002d354.260±2.312a1.106±0.003d2.981±0.011d
BC005.728±0.088b0.065±0.003b318.403±1.079c1.732±0.025b3.308±0.058b
BV116.454±0.032a0.096±0.004a314.708±1.040d2.022±0.068a3.195±0.099c
PA285.313±0.028c0.034±0.004c326.353±1.165b1.384±0.013c3.840±0.038a
), ArticleFig(id=1192161216631026170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同内生菌处理对菘蓝光合参数的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TreatmentPhotosynthetic rate (μmol/(m2∙s))

Stomatal conductance

(mol/(m2∙s))

Intercellular

CO2 concentration

(μmol/(m2∙s))

Transpiration rate (mmol/(m2∙s))

Water use efficiency

(μmol/mmol)

CK3.298±0.007d0.018±0.002d354.260±2.312a1.106±0.003d2.981±0.011d
BC005.728±0.088b0.065±0.003b318.403±1.079c1.732±0.025b3.308±0.058b
BV116.454±0.032a0.096±0.004a314.708±1.040d2.022±0.068a3.195±0.099c
PA285.313±0.028c0.034±0.004c326.353±1.165b1.384±0.013c3.840±0.038a
), ArticleFig(id=1192161216723300859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Effects of different endophytic bacteria treatments on growth traits of Isatis indigotica (mean±SD, n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TreatmentPlant height (cm)Number of bladesMain root length (cm)Main root diameter (mm)Number of lateral roots
CK9.97±0.61c11.00±1.41c10.95±0.73c9.42±0.93b4.70±1.16a
BC0015.50±1.59a17.40±1.43b12.65±0.40b15.31±1.69a4.80±1.99a
BV1113.64±0.51b18.30±1.25ab13.57±0.36a13.92±1.01a5.70±2.00a
PA2814.29±1.06b19.20±1.69a13.38±0.53a15.03±2.44a5.60±1.07a
), ArticleFig(id=1192161216849129980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同内生菌处理下对菘蓝生长性状的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TreatmentPlant height (cm)Number of bladesMain root length (cm)Main root diameter (mm)Number of lateral roots
CK9.97±0.61c11.00±1.41c10.95±0.73c9.42±0.93b4.70±1.16a
BC0015.50±1.59a17.40±1.43b12.65±0.40b15.31±1.69a4.80±1.99a
BV1113.64±0.51b18.30±1.25ab13.57±0.36a13.92±1.01a5.70±2.00a
PA2814.29±1.06b19.20±1.69a13.38±0.53a15.03±2.44a5.60±1.07a
), ArticleFig(id=1192161218753343997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Effects of different endophytic bacteria treatments on biomass accumulation of single plant of Isatis indigotica (mean±SD, n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TreatmentShoot fresh weight (g)Root fresh weight (g)Fresh weight (g)Shoot dry weight (g)Root dry weight (g)Dry weight (g)Root-shoot ratio
CK8.18±1.10c12.64±1.21b20.82±1.40c1.78±0.23c2.06±0.17d3.85±0.25c1.18±0.20d
BC0018.09±1.24a21.20±1.34a39.29±2.01a3.10±0.20a5.56±0.23c8.66±0.32ab1.80±0.13c
BV1113.38±1.52b21.32±1.04a34.71±1.90b2.31±0.26b6.51±0.28a8.83±0.39a2.85±0.37a
PA2817.69±0.74a20.22±0.90a37.91±1.51a2.38±0.10b5.95±0.27b8.32±0.34b2.50±0.10b
), ArticleFig(id=1192161218854007294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同内生菌处理下对单株菘蓝生物量积累的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TreatmentShoot fresh weight (g)Root fresh weight (g)Fresh weight (g)Shoot dry weight (g)Root dry weight (g)Dry weight (g)Root-shoot ratio
CK8.18±1.10c12.64±1.21b20.82±1.40c1.78±0.23c2.06±0.17d3.85±0.25c1.18±0.20d
BC0018.09±1.24a21.20±1.34a39.29±2.01a3.10±0.20a5.56±0.23c8.66±0.32ab1.80±0.13c
BV1113.38±1.52b21.32±1.04a34.71±1.90b2.31±0.26b6.51±0.28a8.83±0.39a2.85±0.37a
PA2817.69±0.74a20.22±0.90a37.91±1.51a2.38±0.10b5.95±0.27b8.32±0.34b2.50±0.10b
), ArticleFig(id=1192161218933699071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Total active biomass of single plant of Isatis indigotica (mean±SD, n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TreatmentTotal epigoitrin (mg)Total indigo (mg)Total indirubin (mg)Total active ingredient (mg)
CK4.532±0.041c5.158±0.100d0.567±0.015b10.258±0.104d
BC0012.922±0.108b9.687±0.202a0.776±0.010a23.385±0.102a
BV1112.944±0.169b6.681±0.087c0.556±0.007c20.181±0.083c
PA2813.439±0.143a7.115±0.028b0.542±0.010d21.096±0.164b
), ArticleFig(id=1192161219961303552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1192149554742046856, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

单株菘蓝总活性生物量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TreatmentTotal epigoitrin (mg)Total indigo (mg)Total indirubin (mg)Total active ingredient (mg)
CK4.532±0.041c5.158±0.100d0.567±0.015b10.258±0.104d
BC0012.922±0.108b9.687±0.202a0.776±0.010a23.385±0.102a
BV1112.944±0.169b6.681±0.087c0.556±0.007c20.181±0.083c
PA2813.439±0.143a7.115±0.028b0.542±0.010d21.096±0.164b
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菘蓝内生细菌对其生长生理及药用品质的影响
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胡雨沁 1 , 孙莉琼 1 , 李晓帆 2 , 杜岳阳 2 , 唐晓清 1 , 王康才 1
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025,65(10): 4488-4503
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025, 65(10): 4488-4503
菘蓝内生细菌对其生长生理及药用品质的影响
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胡雨沁1, 孙莉琼1, 李晓帆2, 杜岳阳2, 唐晓清1 , 王康才1
作者信息
  • 1南京农业大学 园艺学院,江苏 南京
  • 2苏州聚鑫堂药业有限公司,江苏 常熟
Effects of endophytic bacteria on the growth and medicinal quality of Isatis indigotica Fort.
Yuqin HU1, Liqiong SUN1, Xiaofan LI2, Yueyang DU2, Xiaoqing TANG1 , Kangcai WANG1
Affiliations
  • 1College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
  • 2Suzhou Juxintang Pharmaceutical Limited Company, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
出版时间: 2025-09-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250200
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【目的】 从菘蓝(Isatis indigotica Fort.)根中分离内生菌,研究内生菌对菘蓝生长生理及药用品质的影响,为其栽培生产中微生物调控提供参考。 【方法】 选择相应的培养基分析内生菌的促生活性;随后进行盆栽试验,选取3株具促生作用的内生菌(Bacillus sp. BC00、Bacillus sp.BV11、Pseudomonas sp.PA28)单施菘蓝4次,最后一次处理后不同时间测定叶片的相关生理指标,并于采收期测定其根与叶的生长生理、活性成分等指标。 【结果】 各处理组菘蓝叶的光合色素含量、营养代谢酶活性在每个时间点均高于对照组。3株内生菌对其生长和生物量积累均有显著促进作用,其中BC00对地上部分干重的促进效果最佳,与对照相比提升了74.16%;BV11对地下部分干重的促进效果最显著,与对照相比提升了216.02%。内生菌处理对其内源激素和可溶性物质含量有显著影响。3株内生菌对活性成分的影响各有不同,BC00与对照相比靛蓝和(R,S)-告依春含量分别增加了7.83%和5.64%;BV11的靛蓝和(R,S)-告依春含量略低于对照,但处理组各指标成分的总活性生物量均显著高于对照。 【结论】 菘蓝内生细菌BC00、BV11和PA28对其生长生理及活性成分均有显著促进作用,其中BC00的综合促进效果最佳,为后期研发有利于菘蓝生长的微生物菌肥提供了依据。

菘蓝  /  内生细菌  /  促生能力  /  生长生理  /  活性成分  /  药用品质

[Objective] We isolated endophytes from the roots of Isatis indigotica Fort. and investigated the effects of endophytes on the growth, physiology, and medicinal quality of I. indigotica, aiming to provide a reference for microbial regulation of the cultivation and production of this plant. [Methods] The relevant culture media were selected to analyze the plant growth-promoting activities of the endophytes. Three endophyte strains (Bacillus sp. BC00, Bacillus sp. BV11, and Pseudomonas sp. PA28) were selected and applied singly to I. indigotica four times. The physiological indexes of the leaves were measured at different time points after the last treatment, and the growth and physiological indexes and the content of active ingredients of the roots and the leaves were measured at the harvesting stage. [Results] The photosynthetic pigment content and nutrient-metabolizing enzyme activities of I. indigotica leaves in each treatment group were higher than those in the control group at each time point. The three strains of endophytic bacteria significantly promoted the growth and biomass accumulation of I. indigotica. Strain BC00 had the best promoting effect on the dry weight of the above-ground part, which was increased by 74.16% compared with that of the control. Strain BV11 had the most significant promoting effect on the dry weight of the below-ground part, which was increased by 216.02% compared that of the control. The treatments with endophytic bacteria significantly affected the content of endogenous hormones and soluble substances. The three strains of endophytic bacteria had different effects on the active ingredients. Compared with the control, strain BC00 increased the content of indigo and epigoitrin by 7.83% and 5.64%, respectively, while strain BV11 slightly decreased the content of indigo and epigoitrin. The total active biomass of each index ingredient in the strain treatments was significantly higher than that of the control. [Conclusion] The endophytic bacterial strains BC00, BV11, and PA28 had significant promoting effects on the growth, physiological indexes, and active ingredients of I. indigotica, and strain BC00 demonstrated the best comprehensive promoting effect. The findings provide a basis for the later development of microbial fertilizers conducive to the growth of I. indigotica.

Isatis indigotica  /  endophytic bacteria  /  plant growth-promoting ability  /  growth and physiology  /  active ingredients  /  medicinal quality
胡雨沁, 孙莉琼, 李晓帆, 杜岳阳, 唐晓清, 王康才. 菘蓝内生细菌对其生长生理及药用品质的影响. 微生物学报, 2025 , 65 (10) : 4488 -4503 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250200
Yuqin HU, Liqiong SUN, Xiaofan LI, Yueyang DU, Xiaoqing TANG, Kangcai WANG. Effects of endophytic bacteria on the growth and medicinal quality of Isatis indigotica Fort.[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2025 , 65 (10) : 4488 -4503 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250200
为了满足中药材日益增长的需求,我国逐步形成了以集约化生产及长期连作为特征的栽培模式,导致化肥农药的过量使用与管理不当现象普遍存在[1]。在农业农村部推行“化学农药减量增效行动”政策[2]以及中药生态农业理念兴起的背景下[3],微生物菌肥的应用研究逐渐成为热点。微生物菌肥是一类基于益生菌的生命活动及其代谢产物,在作物生长发育过程中发挥特殊功效的微生物产品[4]。它可以通过提供营养成分、调控激素水平、激活免疫系统、调节土壤微生物群落结构等达到增产增效的目的[5]。目前,微生物菌肥的开发主要集中在植物根际促生菌(plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR)[6],部分植物内生菌的研究也较多,但对菘蓝内生菌的研究较少。因此,研究菘蓝内生菌的促生作用,为开发针对菘蓝的微生物菌肥提供参考,进一步推动中药材产业的健康发展具有重要意义。
菘蓝(Isatis indigotica Fort.)为十字花科菘蓝属二年生草本植物,性寒,味苦,具有清热解毒、凉血消斑、利咽止痛的功效[7]。菘蓝含有生物碱类、硫代葡萄糖苷类和木脂素类等活性成分,具有抗病毒、抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎、抗内毒素等药理作用[8-10]。然而,目前栽培菘蓝病虫害较为严重,且存在连作障碍,阻碍了其生长[11]。国内外对菘蓝的研究主要集中在化学成分、药理药效等方面,对促进生长方面的研究较少。作为植物微生态系统中的重要组分,内生菌普遍存在于健康植株体内,能与宿主植物形成互惠共生关系,通常不会引起明显危害[12]。本研究以菘蓝为试验材料,分离筛选出具有促进生长和活性成分合成作用的内生细菌,探讨内生促生菌对其生长生理及药用品质的影响,以期为研制新型微生物菌肥及研发绿色高质量种植技术奠定基础。
目标内生细菌分离自苏州聚鑫堂药业有限公司常熟尚湖中药材基地的菘蓝;供试植物材料菘蓝角果源于山东产区,经鉴定为十字花科植物菘蓝(Isatis indigotica Fort.) 。
将采集的鲜菘蓝植株根部用自来水清洗干净,无菌滤纸吸除表面水分,接着用75%乙醇浸泡30 s,用无菌水冲洗3次,再用5%的次氯酸钠浸泡5 min,用无菌水冲洗3次,留下最后一次冲洗的无菌水作为空白对照。在超净工作台上用无菌镊子挑取经预处理和表面灭菌的根放入无菌培养皿中,剥皮后用适量无菌水研磨,将研磨液与空白对照无菌水分别接入LB固体培养基中28 ℃培养3 d,若对照培养基中无菌株长出,则说明根表面处理完全,分离培养基中的菌株即为菘蓝根内生菌,之后挑取单菌落划线培养,并多次纯化[13]。接着使用Ashby培养基[14]、硅酸盐细菌培养基[15]、PKO无机磷培养基、蒙金娜有机磷培养基[16]和CAS培养基[17],分别测定内生菌株的固氮、解钾、溶磷及产铁载体能力;采用Salkowski比色法分析产吲哚-3-乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)能力[18]
使用细菌基因组DNA提取试剂盒(北京索莱宝科技有限公司)提取分离出内生菌株的染色体总DNA,以菌株的总DNA为模板,使用通用引物27F (5′-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCA G-3′)和1492R (5′-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3′)进行PCR扩增,PCR反应由北京擎科生物科技有限公司完成。利用1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳对PCR产物进行检测,切胶回收并将回收产物进行测序。测得菌株的16S rRNA基因序列基于GenBank数据库的BLAST功能对目标序列与数据库收录序列开展同源性分析,运用MEGA 11软件的Kimura 2-parameter模型计算16S rRNA基因相似性,并采用邻接法构建系统发育树。
对目标内生细菌进行活化培养,将其接种至LB液体培养基,在28 ℃恒温振荡培养箱(上海博迅医疗生物仪器股份有限公司)中以180 r/min培养72 h,4 000 r/min离心10 min收集菌体,采用PBS (pH 7.4)洗涤菌体3次[19],然后以无菌水重悬至1.0×108 CFU/mL,得单一菌悬液。
试验在南京农业大学园艺学院植物种植大棚开展,于2024年4月6日播种菘蓝,基质为营养土、珍珠岩和蛭石(体积比为5:3:2)[20]。共设置4个处理:空白对照组(CK)不施加菌株,实验组分别接种内生细菌BC00、BV11、PA28。每个处理组20盆,每盆定植3株,分别于6月1日、7月4日、8月2日、9月17日每株根灌菌悬液10 mL,对照组施加等量无菌水。
各处理组于各取样时间点(10、20、30、40、50 d)随机选取3株植株,选择菘蓝由内至外第3轮功能叶片顶端1/3处,采用乙醇提取法测定菘蓝叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b以及类胡萝卜素含量[21]
选取时间和叶片方式同1.4节,使用菘蓝叶片蔗糖磷酸合成酶(sucrose phosphate synthase, SPS)和硝酸还原酶(nitrate reductase, NR)试剂盒(北京索莱宝科技有限公司)、酸性磷酸酶(acid phosphatase, ACP)试剂盒(上海源叶生物科技有限公司)检测相应酶活性。
在天气晴朗、阳光充足的情况下,于上午9:00-11:00,采用光合仪(LI-COR公司)检测菘蓝自内向外展开第3轮功能叶片中上部的各项光合参数,包括净光合速率(net photosynthetic rate, Pn)、气孔导度(stomatal conductance, Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(intercellular CO2 concentration, Ci)和蒸腾速率(transpiration rate, Tr),测定光照强度为1 200 μmol/(m2∙s),每个处理重复15次。根据公式(1)计算水分利用率(water use efficiency, WUE)[22]
水分利用率=净光合速率/蒸腾速率
于11月28日采收菘蓝,随机选取植株留取鲜样于-80 ℃保存。测量其株高(基部到叶片顶端的长度)、叶片数、主根长、主根直径和侧根数,称量地上部分鲜重和地下部分鲜重。置于105 ℃烘箱中杀青20 min,随后60 ℃烘干至恒重,称量地上部分和地下部分的干重,并采用公式(2)计算根冠比。
根冠比=地下部分干重/地上部分干重
烘干后的叶和根分别粉碎后过60目筛,备用[22]
采用考马斯亮蓝G-250法[21]测定菘蓝叶和根可溶性蛋白含量。采用蒽酮比色法测定菘蓝叶和根可溶性糖和可溶性淀粉含量[23-24]
采用酶联免疫法测定菘蓝叶和根吲哚-3-乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)、赤霉素(gibberellic acid 3, GA3)、脱落酸(abscisic acid, ABA)和玉米素核苷(zeatin riboside, ZR)的含量,ELISA试剂盒购自上海源桔生物科技中心。
采用比色法测定总黄酮含量[25]。参照高效液相色谱法(《中国药典》通则0512),使用超高效液相色谱仪(Waters公司)测定叶片中靛蓝、靛玉红含量以及根中(R,S)-告依春含量[7],并略作修改。分别以各标准物质峰面积(Y)与含量(X,μg/mL)绘制标准曲线,得到线性回归方程。(R,S)-告依春、靛蓝和靛玉红的回归方程分别为Y1 =114 606X1 -329 593 (R2=0.993,n=3,线性范围为10-50 μg/mL)、Y2=53 275X2 +36 592 (R2=0.999 7,n=3,线性范围为10-60 μg/mL)与Y3 =88 985X3 +11 542 (R2=0.999 4,n=3,线性范围为2-40 μg/mL)。
选取菘蓝的生理指标及其生长指标和活性成分,采用Pearson相关系数分析方法进行相关性分析;计算单株菘蓝地上、地下生物量与各自指标成分的乘积值,综合分析3株内生菌是否促进其生长,并筛选出优势内生菌。
数据采用Microsoft Excel 2019和SPSS 27.0进行统计分析,利用Duncan新复极差法进行差异显著性检验,显著水平为0.05,P<0.05表示有显著性差异,使用Origin 2024绘图。
经16S rRNA基因测序分析,计算16S rRNA基因相似性,并构建内生菌株的系统发育树(图1)。菌株BC00与蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus) RG04的相似性为100.00%,菌株BV11与越南芽孢杆菌(Bacillus vietnamensis) KJ-W6和B. vietnamensis VITTJ10的相似性分别为99.05%和98.92%;菌株PA28与阿根廷假单胞菌(Pseudomonas argentinensis) AFS086324的相似性为98.98%。结合系统发育树中的聚类关系,3株供试内生菌株初步鉴定为Bacillus sp.BC00、Bacillus sp.BV11和Pseudomonas sp.PA28 (菌株序列均已提交至GenBank,获得登录号分别为PV249399、PV249400和PV249402)。
各内生菌株体外促生活性存在差异(表1)。3株内生细菌均具有固氮和产IAA的能力;BC00兼具解钾、溶无机磷和产铁载体能力;BV11兼具溶有机磷能力;PA28兼具溶无机磷、溶有机磷和产铁载体能力。
菘蓝内生细菌对其叶片光合色素含量有显著促进作用(图2)。在各时间点,各处理组对叶绿素a的促进作用趋势均为先上升后下降,且在第40天影响最显著(P<0.05);各时间点BC00和PA28对叶绿素b的促进作用趋势均为先上升后下降,且在第40天影响最显著(P<0.05),BV11在处理后30-50 d呈上升后下降的趋势;在各时间点,BC00和PA28对类胡萝卜素的促进作用整体趋势为先上升后下降,且在第40天影响最显著(P<0.05),BV11呈上升-下降-上升-下降的趋势。综合分析内生细菌对总叶绿素含量的促进作用(图3),处理后第40天促进效果最佳(P<0.05),各处理组与CK相比分别提升了2.13倍、2.18倍和2.46倍。
菘蓝内生细菌能显著提升其叶片相关营养代谢关键酶活性(图4)。各处理组SPS、NR和ACP活性在最后一次处理后的各时间点均强于对照;BC00和PA28的SPS活性在第10天分别提升了3.67倍和5.25倍;各处理组NR活性在第30天分别提升了10.53倍、5.26倍和4.80倍;BV11在处理后第50天对ACP活性影响效果最显著(P<0.05),提升了1.71倍。在各时间点,各处理组的NR活性整体趋势均为下降后上升;BC00对SPS活性影响整体趋势为先上升后下降;BV11和PA28处理后对ACP活性影响均呈下降-上升-下降的趋势,与CK趋势一致。
菘蓝内生细菌能促进光合作用(表2)。各处理组PnGsTr和WUE均显著高于对照(P<0.05),而Ci均显著低于对照(P<0.05);其中,除WUE为PA28处理组最高外,其余光合参数均为BV11影响最显著(P<0.05)。
菘蓝内生细菌对其生长性状有显著促进作用(表3)。各处理组株高、叶片数、主根长、主根直径均显著高于对照(P<0.05);其中,BC00对株高和主根直径的促进效果最佳,分别提升了35.68%和62.53%;BV11对主根长的促进效果最明显,提升了23.93%;PA28对叶片数的促进效果最显著,提升了74.55%。侧根数处理组与对照组之间并无显著差异。
菘蓝内生细菌对其生物量积累的促进作用显著(表4)。各处理组的地上部分鲜重、地下部分鲜重、单株鲜重、地上部分干重、地下部分干重、单株干重和根冠比均显著高于对照(P<0.05)。其中,BC00对地上部分鲜重、单株鲜重和地上部分干重的促进效果最佳,分别提升了121.15%、88.71%和74.16%;BV11对地下部分鲜重、地下部分干重、单株干重和根冠比促进效果最显著,分别提升了68.67%、216.02%、129.35%、141.53%。在内生菌处理组中,BV11对根冠比的影响最显著,对菘蓝地下部分的影响大于地上部分;BC00的根冠比较小,其对菘蓝地上部分的影响大于地下部分。
不同内生细菌处理下可溶性物质含量变化不同(图5)。各处理组中,BC00和BV11处理的菘蓝叶的可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和可溶性淀粉含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),BC00处理较CK分别提升了49.89%、14.30%和18.94%,BV11处理较CK分别提升了48.25%、14.41%和60.24%。PA28处理后菘蓝叶的可溶性蛋白含量较CK提升了23.86%,但可溶性淀粉含量无显著差异。在各处理组中,菘蓝根的可溶性蛋白和可溶性淀粉含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),BC00处理较CK分别提升了37.01%和46.24%,BV11处理较CK分别提升了17.91%和59.83%,PA28处理较CK分别提升了61.90%和79.69%;而各处理组的可溶性糖含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。
菘蓝内生细菌显著影响其根与叶的内源激素含量(图6)。在各处理组中,叶和根ABA含量均显著低于对照(P<0.05),而菘蓝叶的IAA含量均显著高于对照(P<0.05)。BC00对菘蓝叶的GA3和ZR含量有显著促进作用(P<0.05)。BC00和PA28对菘蓝根的IAA含量均有显著促进作用(P<0.05);在各处理组中GA3含量均显著高于对照(P<0.05),且BC00和PA28对ZR含量均有显著促进作用(P<0.05)。
菘蓝内生细菌显著影响其活性成分的合成(图7)。在各处理组中菘蓝叶和根的总黄酮含量均显著高于对照(P<0.05),且BC00的促进效果最显著。BC00对菘蓝叶靛蓝含量和菘蓝根 (R,S)-告依春含量有显著促进作用(P<0.05),分别较CK增加了7.83%和5.64%。PA28处理后靛蓝含量和(R,S)-告依春含量分别较CK提升了3.17%和2.68%。各处理组菘蓝叶靛玉红含量均略低于对照组(P<0.05)。
选取菘蓝总叶绿素含量、净光合速率、营养关键酶活性、内源激素含量,以及主根直径、地上地下部分干重、总黄酮含量和各指标成分含量进行相关性分析(图8)。总叶绿素含量与主根直径和地下部分干重呈显著正相关(P<0.05),净光合速率与地下部分干重呈显著正相关(P<0.05),表明内生菌通过促进叶绿素合成积极参与光合作用促进菘蓝生长。SPS活性与根总黄酮含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),表明内生菌通过作用于碳代谢为植物提供碳骨架,促进根部活性成分的合成。菘蓝叶IAA含量与主根直径和叶总黄酮含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),菘蓝根GA3含量与根总黄酮含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),菘蓝根ABA含量与靛玉红含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),菘蓝根ZR含量与(R,S)-告依春含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),表明内生菌通过调节植物激素的合成,促进菘蓝生长和活性成分的合成。
计算单株菘蓝总活性生物量(单株指标成分含量×生物量),3株内生菌处理组与对照组相比分别提升了127.97%、96.73%和105.65%,可见BC00对菘蓝综合促进效果最佳(表5)。
药用植物内生菌的研究日益受到广泛关注。在白及、党参、亳菊、丹参等药用植物中已经分离筛选出一些具促生作用的内生细菌,多为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter);在菘蓝内生菌研究中已分离出对3种常见植物病原菌有拮抗活性的内生细菌,初步鉴定为库克菌属(Kocuria)、微杆菌属(Microbacterium)和短状杆菌属(Brachybacterium)[13]。然而,目前关于菘蓝内生菌的促生和促进活性成分合成的研究却鲜有报道。
叶绿素是一类参与光合作用的色素,其含量的高低直接影响植物的光合作用性能。例如,芽孢杆菌J2侵染可使滇重楼光合色素含量增加、光合效率提高[26]。本研究中内生细菌处理显著促进光合色素含量升高,光合作用也较对照有所提高,总体上BC00和PA28的促进效果更显著。可溶性蛋白是合成酶的主要成分,调控植物多种生理生化代谢过程;可溶性糖是植物体内重要的能量储备,参与多种生理过程,如能量代谢、渗透调节、信号传递等;可溶性淀粉是植物储存能量的主要形式。毛竹内生细菌芽孢杆菌BD24-2、假单胞菌TD33-1和假单胞菌RD7-4处理对其可溶性糖和可溶性淀粉含量积累均显著增加[27];绿豆接种具有耐盐潜力的内生细菌假单胞菌TMB6,其可溶性蛋白含量显著提高[28]。本研究中3株内生菌对菘蓝叶的可溶性糖,以及叶和根的可溶性蛋白、可溶性淀粉均有促进作用,总体上BV11对菘蓝叶的促进效果更显著,PA28对根的促进效果更显著,但内生菌对菘蓝根可溶性糖均有抑制作用。推测可能是因为可溶性糖是淀粉合成的底物,淀粉和可溶性糖含量之间存在一定关系。研究指出,淀粉含量与可溶性糖含量呈一定负相关关系[29-30]
SPS是植物体内控制蔗糖合成的关键酶,调控光合产物分配,将光合产物转化为蔗糖;党参接种内生细菌假单胞菌RHBA17后,其蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性显著升高[31]。NR是高等植物氮吸收过程中的关键限速酶,通过调节硝酸盐的还原进而调控氮代谢,并影响光合碳代谢,调节叶绿素和IAA等激素的合成;ACP可促进有机磷的水解,调控磷代谢,并具有能量传递、信号传导和调控生长发育的功效。非盐胁迫和盐胁迫下的金合欢受其内生菌枯草芽孢杆菌处理后,硝酸还原酶和酸性磷酸酶活性均可显著提高[32]。本研究发现,内生细菌处理可显著提高菘蓝生长过程中碳氮磷代谢所需的关键酶SPS、NR、ACP的活性,其中BC00和PA28的促进效果更显著。
内生菌可以通过产生生长调节剂物质、分泌植物激素和提高宿主植物某些生理活性指标促进植物生长[33]。IAA能促进植物生长,低浓度时能促进根系发育;GA3能促进植物的生长发育;ABA主要作用是抑制植物生长并调控气孔的关闭;ZR能延缓衰老,抑制叶绿素降解。例如,芽孢杆菌LZR216通过调节IAA的合成使植物生长能力增强[34];贝莱斯芽孢杆菌使小麦叶片的GAs浓度增加54%[35];丹参内生细菌苏云金芽孢杆菌NB49和Bt12对其玉米素(zeatin, ZT)的积累有一定促进作用,对ABA有一定抑制作用[6]。本研究中,3株内生菌对ABA的含量均为抑制作用,但对IAA、GA3和ZR含量既有促进也有抑制,BC00对菘蓝叶和根的IAA、GA3和ZR含量均为促进作用,且效果显著,BV11除了促进菘蓝根GA3含量增长外,其他均为抑制作用,PA28对菘蓝根的IAA、GA3和ZR含量以及菘蓝叶IAA均为促进作用,其他为抑制作用。内生菌对不同植物激素的影响存在差异可能是因为内生菌是通过调节植物内源激素的比例而实现对植物生理代谢过程的调控[36]
中药材内生菌是一类在农林、工业、医药及生态等方面极具应用前景的新型微生物资源[37-38]。具有促生功能的菌株数量丰富多样,它们主要通过溶磷、固氮、解钾、产生植物激素、产生铁载体等机制促进植物生长[39]。接种枯草芽孢杆菌IGPEB 34和短芽孢杆菌IGPEB 37显著提高了生姜植物的生长(株高、叶数、叶长和叶宽等)[40]。本研究中菘蓝的主根长度与直径、干鲜重等表型指标在3株内生细菌处理后有显著提高,BC00更利于地上部分的生长,BV11则更利于根的生长。内生菌可诱导中药材活性成分的合成,如接种白术内生细菌芽孢杆菌AMR83和假单胞菌ALEB7B分别可以显著提高其挥发油含量和增强其倍半萜类化合物的积累[41-42];菘蓝深色有隔内生菌(dark septate endophytes, DSE)提高了干旱胁迫下其根内(R,S)-告依春含量[43]。本研究中3株内生菌均提高了菘蓝叶靛蓝、根(R,S)-告依春、叶和根总黄酮含量,以BC00最显著;而其叶内靛玉红含量均略低于对照组,靛蓝和靛玉红为同分异构体,有共同的前体物质靛红烷和吲哚苷[44],靛玉红含量均略低于对照,推测内生菌处理后前体物质更多地转化为靛蓝;但综合分析生物量与指标成分含量后发现,内生菌处理后菘蓝单株总活性生物量有显著提升,表明3株内生菌皆有利于菘蓝的生长与药用品质的提升。
综合分析发现,内生菌处理提高NR活性参与氮代谢,进一步调控叶绿素和IAA的合成,提高光合速率促进植物生长。高浓度的IAA可能会抑制根系的发育,但本研究中处理组根系部分生长状况和生物量积累均高于对照组,表明IAA含量并未达到最适浓度。内生菌处理抑制ABA的合成,调控气孔的张开,同时促进ZR的合成,抑制叶绿素的降解,进而提高光合速率促进植物生长发育。相关性分析显示,ABA含量与靛玉红含量呈正相关。有研究使用ABA处理菘蓝组培苗,发现随时间的延长靛玉红含量表现出逐渐增加的趋势[45]
本研究从菘蓝根中分离筛选的内生细菌(Bacillus sp.BC00、Bacillus sp.BV11、Pseudomonas sp. PA28)具有良好的促生活性。它们通过调控菘蓝的生理过程影响其生长,并能进一步促进叶和根活性成分含量积累,其中以Bacillus sp. BC00的促进效果最佳。本研究为后期研制有益于菘蓝的微生物菌肥奠定了理论基础。后续可在分子层面深入分析优势内生细菌调控菘蓝初生与次生代谢的机制,同时也可开展这3种内生菌复合处理对大田菘蓝生长影响的研究。
  • 国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目(zyyzdxk-2023293)
  • 企业合作项目-中药材种植技术与基地建设指导(20231020)
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2025年第65卷第10期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250200
  • 接收时间:2025-03-13
  • 首发时间:2025-11-03
  • 出版时间:2025-09-04
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-13
  • 录用日期:2025-04-23
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the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine High-level Key Discipline Construction Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine(zyyzdxk-2023293)
国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目(zyyzdxk-2023293)
the Enterprise Cooperation Project-Guidance on Planting Technology and Base Construction of Traditional Chinese Medicine(20231020)
企业合作项目-中药材种植技术与基地建设指导(20231020)
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    1南京农业大学 园艺学院,江苏 南京
    2苏州聚鑫堂药业有限公司,江苏 常熟
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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