Article(id=1297571151585243622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1297570992835023717, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20260246, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1774454400000, receivedDateStr=2026-03-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1780329600000, acceptedDateStr=2026-06-02, onlineDate=1787294670243, onlineDateStr=2026-08-21, pubDate=1785772800000, pubDateStr=2026-08-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1787294670243, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-08-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1787294670243, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1787294670243, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1297570992835023717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2026', volume='66', issue='8', pageStart='3681', pageEnd='4288', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1785772800000', pubDateStr='2026-08-04', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1787294632395, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1787294931551, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1297572247670124783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1297570992835023717, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1297572247670124784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1297570992835023717, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=4260, endPage=4275, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1297571153191662055, articleId=1297571151585243622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Expression, purification, and enzyme activity determination of recombinant wild-type and active site-deleted human ENO1 proteins in insect cell/baculovirus expression system, columnId=1194702985843413943, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Technology and Method, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] To efficiently express and purify wild-type and three active site-deleted variants (ENO1-M1, ENO1-M2, and ENO1-M3) of ENO1 through the insect cell/baculovirus expression system, thus providing a theoretical basis for subsequent functional research, antibody development, and inhibitor screening. [Methods] Wild-type and active site-deleted genes of ENO1 with a C-terminal 6×His tag were cloned into the pFastBac-HTB vector via molecular cloning and then transformed into DH10Bac competent cells to obtain recombinant Bacmid through screening. Recombinant baculovirus particles were transfected into ExpiSf9 insect cells to generate the P0 virus stock, which was then amplified to produce high-titer P1 virus for target protein expression. Expression products were purified by affinity chromatography (e.g., nickel column) and identified by SDS-PAGE, Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining, and Western blotting. The anti-ENO1 monoclonal antibody, single-chain antibody, and chimeric antibody were used for specific detection by Western blotting. On the basis of the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) under the catalysis by ENO1, the specific activity of ENO1 was measured by UV spectrophotometry at 240 nm. [Results] All recombinant plasmids and bacmids were successfully constructed, and high-level expression of recombinant proteins was achieved in insect cells. High-purity recombinant proteins were obtained, and Western blotting analysis confirmed their reactivity. The deletion of active sites of the enzyme did not affect the immunoreactivity. The specific activity of wild-type ENO1 was 691.28 U/mg, while those of the three deletion variants were significantly reduced. ENO1-M2 (with deletion of GSHAGNK at residues 156-162) and ENO1-M3 (with deletion of SPDPSRYI at residues 262-270) exhibited particularly pronounced losses of enzyme activity. [Conclusion] We successfully expressed and purified both wild-type and active site-deleted ENO1 proteins with retained reactivity by using the baculovirus expression vector system. The results confirm that GSHAGNK and SPDPSRYI are two key active sites of this enzyme, laying both theoretical and material foundations for further exploring the functions of ENO1 and developing its specific inhibitors.

, authors=Dan WANG1, Huiling LIU2, authorsList=Dan WANG, Huiling LIU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Huiling LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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【目的】 利用昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达系统高效表达并纯化野生型及3种酶活位点缺失型(ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3)重组人烯醇化酶1 (ENO1)蛋白,为后续功能研究、抗体开发及抑制剂筛选提供重要的理论基础。 【方法】 通过分子克隆技术将C端融合6×His标签的野生型及酶活缺失型ENO1基因构建至pFastBac-HTB载体,并转化至DH10Bac感受态细胞,经筛选获得重组杆粒(bacmid);将重组杆粒转染ExpiSf9昆虫细胞,获得P0代病毒,经扩增获得高滴度P1代病毒用于感染细胞表达目的蛋白;通过亲和层析(如镍柱)纯化表达产物,并利用SDS-PAGE、考马斯亮蓝染色及Western blotting进行鉴定;使用抗ENO1单克隆抗体、单链抗体及嵌合抗体进行Western blotting特异性检测;基于ENO1催化2-磷酸甘油酸生成磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸(phosphoenolpyruvate, PEP)的反应,通过紫外分光光度法在240 nm处测定吸光度变化,计算酶比活力。 【结果】 成功构建了所有重组质粒与杆粒,并在昆虫细胞中实现了重组蛋白的高效表达。纯化获得了高纯度的重组蛋白,Western blotting证实其均具有反应原性,且酶活位点缺失不影响其免疫反应性。酶活测定表明,野生型ENO1的比活力为610.14 U/mg,而3种酶活缺失型蛋白的酶活显著降低,其中缺失GSHAGNK (残基156-162)和SPDDPSRYI (残基262-270)位点的ENO1-M2和ENO1-M3蛋白活性丧失尤为明显。 【结论】 本研究成功利用昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达系统(baculovirus expression vector system, BEVS)表达并纯化了具有反应原性的野生型及酶活缺失型ENO1蛋白,证实了GSHAGNK和SPDDPSRYI是2个关键的酶活性位点,为深入探究ENO1功能及开发其特异性抑制剂奠定了重要的理论与材料基础。

, authors=王丹1, 刘会玲2, authorsList=王丹, 刘会玲, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=刘会玲, authorNote=

作者贡献声明

王丹:完成实验,论文撰写;刘会玲:实验指导,论文撰写修改,审稿。

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Lanzhou: Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 2024 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1297571166890259026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=37, authorNames=陈圆圆, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈圆圆. ENO1单链抗体及人-鼠嵌合抗体的构建[D]. 兰州: 甘肃中医药大学, 2023., articleTitle=ENO1单链抗体及人-鼠嵌合抗体的构建, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1297571166978339411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=38, authorNames=Chen YY, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen YY. Construction of ENO1 single-chain variable fragment and human-mouse chimeric antibody[D]. Lanzhou: Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 2023 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1297571162255553067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, awardId=82260557, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(82260557), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1297571162335244844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, awardId=82260557, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自科学基金(82260557), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1297571155477557757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1297571155485946366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, companyId=1297571155477557757, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Department of Gynecology, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1297571155498529279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, companyId=1297571155477557757, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.解放军联勤保障部队第九四〇医院妇科,甘肃 兰州)]), AuthorCompany(id=1297571155582415360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1297571155590803969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, companyId=1297571155582415360, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Department of Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1297571155599192578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, companyId=1297571155582415360, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.甘肃省人民医院妇科,甘肃 兰州)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1297571158828806677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Schematic diagram of wild type human ENO1 and enzyme activity deletion human ENO1-M1, ENO1-M2, ENO1-M3 gene sequence., figureFileSmall=Bg4jxU+aMfMt1IXJ/Kf2tg==, figureFileBig=tuilNQ/FHaTA+Gj0hDbiEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571158912692758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=CN, label=图1, caption=野生型人ENO1和酶活缺失型人ENO1-M1ENO1-M2ENO1-M3基因序列结构示意图, figureFileSmall=Bg4jxU+aMfMt1IXJ/Kf2tg==, figureFileBig=tuilNQ/FHaTA+Gj0hDbiEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571159139185175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=PCR identification of recombinant plasmid colonies. A: Colony PCR identification of wild-type recombinant plasmid (Lane M: Nucleic acid marker; Lanes 1, 2: Colony PCR amplification of ENO1 gene product); B: Colony PCR identification of enzyme deletion recombinant plasmid (Lane M: Nucleic acid marker; Lane 1: Colony PCR amplification of ENO1-M1 gene product; Lane 2: Colony PCR amplification of ENO1-M2 gene product; Lane 3: Colony PCR amplification of ENO1-M3 gene product)., figureFileSmall=0FDmSFO3L0rIT16LJLQGPw==, figureFileBig=H8H6RpvXUl0DD3xDvNb7SQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571159202099736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=CN, label=图2, caption=重组质粒菌落PCR鉴定, figureFileSmall=0FDmSFO3L0rIT16LJLQGPw==, figureFileBig=H8H6RpvXUl0DD3xDvNb7SQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571159277597209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Selection and identification of recombinant wild-type and enzyme-deleted rods. A: Screening results after transposition of recombinant wild-type plasmid pFastBac-HTB-His-ENO1 (1: Results of the first screening after transposition of recombinant wild-type plasmid; 2: Results of the second screening after transposition of recombinant wild-type plasmid); B: Wild-type rBacmid-ENO1 PCR amplification validation results (Lane M: Nnucleic acid marker; Lanes 1, 2: Red PCR amplification of ENO1 gene products); C: Recombinant enzyme live deletion plasmid after transposition screening results (C1-C3: The results of the first screening after transposition of recombinant enzyme deletion plasmids pFastBac-HTB-His-ENO1-M1, pFastBac-HTB-His-ENO1-M2 and pFastBac-HTB-His-ENO1-M3; C4-C6: Results of the second screening after transposition of recombinant enzyme deletion plasmids pFastBac-HTB-His-ENO1-M1, pFastBac-HTB-His-ENO1-M2 and pFastBac-HTB-His-ENO1-M3); D: PCR amplification results of enzyme activity deletion recombinant rod (Lane M: Nucleic acid marker; Lane 1: ENO1-M1 gene product amplified by rod PCR; Lane 2: ENO1-M2 gene product amplified by rod PCR; Lane 3: ENO1-M3 gene product amplified by rod PCR)., figureFileSmall=hO576ihm7VquABUpHB6G4Q==, figureFileBig=pG01+fdaD+tqtiqRfXaE+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571159374066202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=CN, label=图3, caption=重组野生型和酶活缺失型杆粒的筛选与鉴定, figureFileSmall=hO576ihm7VquABUpHB6G4Q==, figureFileBig=pG01+fdaD+tqtiqRfXaE+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571159487312411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Characteristics of cell changes after transfection of recombinant wild-type and enzyme-deleted rod-like particles. A-D: Cell change characteristics after rBacmid-ENO1 transfection (A: Cell state before transfection; B: cell state 48 h after transfection; C: Cell state 72 h after transfection; D: Cell state 96 h after transfection); E-H: Cell change characteristics after rBacmid-ENO1-M1 transfection (E: Cell state before transfection; F: Cell state 48 h after transfection; G: Cell state 72 h after transfection; H: Cell state 96 h after transfection); I-L: Cell change characteristics after rBacmid-ENO1-M2 transfection (I: Cell state before transfection; J: Cell state 48 h after transfection; K: Cell state after rBacmid-ENO1-M2 transfection); M-P: Cell characteristics after transfection (M: Cell status before transfection; N: Cell status 48 h after transfection; O: Cell status 72 h after transfection; P: Cell status 96 h after transfection). The suspension of cultured cells was diluted tenfold and observed under 20× microscope., figureFileSmall=d+TTHrK3b9mASJPzQ+JNfw==, figureFileBig=bUZFfz5rA5BAy8e+hEIjfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571159558615580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=CN, label=图4, caption=重组野生型和酶活缺失型杆粒转染后细胞变化特征, figureFileSmall=d+TTHrK3b9mASJPzQ+JNfw==, figureFileBig=bUZFfz5rA5BAy8e+hEIjfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571159642501661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=SDS-PAGE analysis of recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein and Western blotting. A: SDS-PAGE analysis results of recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein (Lane 1: Negative control culture medium supernatant; Lane 2: Negative control cell precipitate; Lane 3: Culture medium supernatant after infection for 48 h; Lane 4: Cell precipitate after infection for 48 h; Lane 5: Culture medium supernatant after infection for 72 h; Lane 6: Cell precipitate after infection for 72 h; Lane 7: Culture medium supernatant after infection for 96 h Lane 8: Cell precipitate after infection for 96 h; Lane 9: Culture medium supernatant after infection for 120 h; Lane 10: Cell precipitate after infection for 120 h; Lane M: Protein marker); B: Western blotting identification of recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein (Lane M: Protein marker; Lane 1: Expressed recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein)., figureFileSmall=bACeixLlkFRmSL6GsFH6Fw==, figureFileBig=vsCR6lKry7e1ED7MuBEmkw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571159717999134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=CN, label=图5, caption=重组野生型人ENO1蛋白SDS-PAGE分析结果与Western blotting鉴定, figureFileSmall=bACeixLlkFRmSL6GsFH6Fw==, figureFileBig=vsCR6lKry7e1ED7MuBEmkw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571159801885215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Western blotting identification of recombinant enzyme deletion human ENO1-M1 protein, ENO1-M2 protein and ENO1-M3 protein. Lane M: Protein marker; Lane 1: Expressed recombinant enzyme activity deletion type human ENO1-M1 protein; Lane 2: Expressed recombinant enzyme activity deletion type human ENO1-M2 protein; Lane 3: Expressed recombinant enzyme activity deletion type human ENO1-M3 protein., figureFileSmall=h7tUL42lv4uY/WJ8uplvpA==, figureFileBig=33dzk/48D7Kt1PA6ehc2Eg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571159881576992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=CN, label=图6, caption=重组酶活缺失型人ENO1-M1ENO1-M2ENO1-M3蛋白Western blotting鉴定, figureFileSmall=h7tUL42lv4uY/WJ8uplvpA==, figureFileBig=33dzk/48D7Kt1PA6ehc2Eg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571159944491553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Effect of different infection time on expression of recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein. Lane 1: Negative control medium supernatant; Lane 2: Medium supernatant after infection; Lane 3: Medium supernatant 72 h after infection; Lane 4: Medium supernatant 96 h after infection; Lane 5: Medium supernatant 120 h after infection; Lane M: Protein marker., figureFileSmall=EI+50ZT5YhPuBIYcHDuPaw==, figureFileBig=pk4bqrsWULJ9Efalk6x6+w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571160011600418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同感染时间对重组野生型人ENO1蛋白表达的影响, figureFileSmall=EI+50ZT5YhPuBIYcHDuPaw==, figureFileBig=pk4bqrsWULJ9Efalk6x6+w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571160066126371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=SDS-PAGE analysis results (A-D) and Western blotting (E) identification of purified recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein, recombinant enzyme active deletion human ENO1-M1 protein, ENO1-M2 protein and ENO1-M3 protein. A: SDS-PAGE analysis results of purified recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein (Lane 1: Supernatant of negative control medium; Lane 2: Supernatant of medium after 96 h of infection; Lanes 3-7: Flow-through solution; Lanes 8, 9: 10 mmol/L imidazole washing solution; Lanes 10-16: 500 mmol/L imidazole eluent; Lane M: protein marker); B: SDS-PAGE analysis results of purified recombinant enzyme deletion human ENO1-M1 protein (Lane 1: Negative control medium supernatant; Lane 2: Medium supernatant after 96 h infection; Lanes 3-7: Flow-through solution; Lane 8: 10 mmol/L imidazole washing solution; Lane 9-13: 500 mmol/L imidazole eluent; Lane M: Protein marker); C: SDS-PAGE analysis results of purified recombinant enzyme deletion human ENO1-M2 protein (Lane 1: Negative control medium supernatant; Lane 2: Medium supernatant after 96 h infection; Lane 3-7: Flow-through solution; Lane 8: 10 mmol/L imidazole washing solution; Lane 9-13: 500 mmol/L imidazole eluent; Lane M: Protein marker); D: SDS-PAGE analysis results of purified recombinant enzyme deletion type human ENO1-M3 protein (Lane 1: Negative control culture medium supernatant; Lane 2: Culture medium supernatant after 96 h of infection; Lane 3-7: Flow-through solution; Lane 8: 10 mmol/L imidazole washing solution; Lane 9-13: 500 mmol/L imidazole eluent; Lane M: Protein marker); E: Western blotting identification of purified recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein, recombinant enzyme active-deleted human ENO1-M1 protein, ENO1-M2 protein and ENO1-M3 protein (Lane 1: Purified recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein; Lane 2: Purified recombinant enzyme active-deleted human ENO1-M1 protein; Lane 3: Purified recombinant enzyme active-deleted human ENO1-M2 protein; Lane 4: Purified recombinant enzyme active-deleted human ENO1-M3 protein; Lane M: Protein marker., figureFileSmall=yri1+2vNS4EmUtJQ7mjn3Q==, figureFileBig=bt+E5BePx8/GYIrjuxWjzA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571160162595364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=CN, label=图8, caption=纯化后重组野生型人ENO1蛋白和重组酶活缺失型人ENO1-M1ENO1-M2ENO1-M3蛋白SDS-PAGE分析结果(A-D)Western blotting (E)鉴定, figureFileSmall=yri1+2vNS4EmUtJQ7mjn3Q==, figureFileBig=bt+E5BePx8/GYIrjuxWjzA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571160284230181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=EN, label=Figure 9, caption=Western blotting specificity detection of purified recombinant wild-type and enzyme deletion human ENO1 protein. A: Western blotting specificity detection of purified recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein (Lane 1: Reaction band of purified recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein with ENO1 mAb; Lane 2: Reaction band of purified recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein with anti-ENO1 scFv; Lane 3: Reaction band of purified recombinant wild-type human ENO1 protein with ENO1-ximab; B-D: Western blotting specificity detection of purified recombinant enzyme activity deletion type human ENO1-M1, ENO1-M2, ENO1-M3 protein (In B, Lane 1: Reaction band of purified recombinant enzyme deletion type human ENO1-M1 protein with ENO1 mAb; Lane 2: Purified recombinant enzyme activity deletion type human ENO1-M1 protein and anti-ENO1 scFv reaction band; Lane 3: Purified recombinant enzyme activity deletion type human ENO1-M1 protein and ENO1 ximab reaction band. In C, Lane 1: Purified recombinant enzyme activity deletion type human ENO1-M2 protein and ENO1 mAb reaction band; Lane 2: After purification, recombinant enzyme active-deleted human ENO1-M2 protein reacts with anti-ENO1 scFv; Lane 3: Purified recombinant enzyme active-deleted human ENO1-M2 protein reacts with ENO1 ximab. In D, Lane 1: Purified recombinant enzyme active-deleted human ENO1-M3 protein reacts with ENO1 mAb; Lane 2: Purified recombinant enzyme activity deletion type human ENO1-M3 protein and anti-ENO1 scFv reaction band; Lane 3: Purified recombinant enzyme activity deletion type human ENO1-M3 protein and ENO1 ximab reaction band; Lane M: Protein marker)., figureFileSmall=Mruo8vOcLndn4w1VKKjRQg==, figureFileBig=yxFqh36+lizYIlYAd3IsAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571160347144742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=CN, label=图9, caption=纯化后重组野生型和酶活缺失型人ENO1蛋白的Western blotting特异性检测, figureFileSmall=Mruo8vOcLndn4w1VKKjRQg==, figureFileBig=yxFqh36+lizYIlYAd3IsAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571160418447911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=EN, label=Figure 10, caption=Detection of enzyme activity of recombinant wild type and enzyme activity deletion human ENO1 protein. n=3; ns: P>0.05; *: P<0.05. ①: Wild-type human ENO1 protein; ②: Enzyme-deficient human ENO1-M1 protein; ③: Enzyme-deficient human ENO1-M2 protein; ④: Enzyme-deficient human ENO1-M3 protein., figureFileSmall=ABwPEr66JBEDVZ0+d8LQEQ==, figureFileBig=380Zup/KiSqNTfNxG8co0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571162029060648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=CN, label=图10, caption=重组野生型和酶活缺失型人ENO1蛋白的酶活检测, figureFileSmall=ABwPEr66JBEDVZ0+d8LQEQ==, figureFileBig=380Zup/KiSqNTfNxG8co0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1297571162091975209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Primer sequences for vector construction and related PCR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer namesPrimer sequences (5′→3′)
pUC/M13Forward:CCCCAGTCACGACGTTGTAAAACG
Reverse: AGGCGGATAACAATTTCACACAGG
ENO1Forward: CACCATCACCATCACGA
Reverse: GGAGGTTTTTTAAAGCAAGTAAA
), ArticleFig(id=1297571162163278378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1297571151585243622, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

载体构建及相关PCR所用引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer namesPrimer sequences (5′→3′)
pUC/M13Forward:CCCCAGTCACGACGTTGTAAAACG
Reverse: AGGCGGATAACAATTTCACACAGG
ENO1Forward: CACCATCACCATCACGA
Reverse: GGAGGTTTTTTAAAGCAAGTAAA
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重组野生型和酶活缺失型人ENO1蛋白在昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达系统内的表达、纯化及酶活测定
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王丹 1 , 刘会玲 2
微生物学报 | 技术与方法 2026,66(8): 4260-4275
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微生物学报 |技术与方法 2026 , 66 (8) : 4260 -4275
重组野生型和酶活缺失型人ENO1蛋白在昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达系统内的表达、纯化及酶活测定
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王丹1, 刘会玲2
作者信息
  • 1.解放军联勤保障部队第九四〇医院妇科,甘肃 兰州
  • 2.甘肃省人民医院妇科,甘肃 兰州
通讯作者:
刘会玲
作者简介:

作者贡献声明

王丹:完成实验,论文撰写;刘会玲:实验指导,论文撰写修改,审稿。

Expression, purification, and enzyme activity determination of recombinant wild-type and active site-deleted human ENO1 proteins in insect cell/baculovirus expression system
Dan WANG1, Huiling LIU2
Affiliations
  • 1.Department of Gynecology, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
  • 2.Department of Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
  • Corresponding Author:
出版时间: 2026-08-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20260246
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【目的】 利用昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达系统高效表达并纯化野生型及3种酶活位点缺失型(ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3)重组人烯醇化酶1 (ENO1)蛋白,为后续功能研究、抗体开发及抑制剂筛选提供重要的理论基础。 【方法】 通过分子克隆技术将C端融合6×His标签的野生型及酶活缺失型ENO1基因构建至pFastBac-HTB载体,并转化至DH10Bac感受态细胞,经筛选获得重组杆粒(bacmid);将重组杆粒转染ExpiSf9昆虫细胞,获得P0代病毒,经扩增获得高滴度P1代病毒用于感染细胞表达目的蛋白;通过亲和层析(如镍柱)纯化表达产物,并利用SDS-PAGE、考马斯亮蓝染色及Western blotting进行鉴定;使用抗ENO1单克隆抗体、单链抗体及嵌合抗体进行Western blotting特异性检测;基于ENO1催化2-磷酸甘油酸生成磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸(phosphoenolpyruvate, PEP)的反应,通过紫外分光光度法在240 nm处测定吸光度变化,计算酶比活力。 【结果】 成功构建了所有重组质粒与杆粒,并在昆虫细胞中实现了重组蛋白的高效表达。纯化获得了高纯度的重组蛋白,Western blotting证实其均具有反应原性,且酶活位点缺失不影响其免疫反应性。酶活测定表明,野生型ENO1的比活力为610.14 U/mg,而3种酶活缺失型蛋白的酶活显著降低,其中缺失GSHAGNK (残基156-162)和SPDDPSRYI (残基262-270)位点的ENO1-M2和ENO1-M3蛋白活性丧失尤为明显。 【结论】 本研究成功利用昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达系统(baculovirus expression vector system, BEVS)表达并纯化了具有反应原性的野生型及酶活缺失型ENO1蛋白,证实了GSHAGNK和SPDDPSRYI是2个关键的酶活性位点,为深入探究ENO1功能及开发其特异性抑制剂奠定了重要的理论与材料基础。

人ENO1蛋白  /  昆虫细胞杆状病毒表达系统  /  分离与纯化  /  酶活性测定

[Objective] To efficiently express and purify wild-type and three active site-deleted variants (ENO1-M1, ENO1-M2, and ENO1-M3) of ENO1 through the insect cell/baculovirus expression system, thus providing a theoretical basis for subsequent functional research, antibody development, and inhibitor screening. [Methods] Wild-type and active site-deleted genes of ENO1 with a C-terminal 6×His tag were cloned into the pFastBac-HTB vector via molecular cloning and then transformed into DH10Bac competent cells to obtain recombinant Bacmid through screening. Recombinant baculovirus particles were transfected into ExpiSf9 insect cells to generate the P0 virus stock, which was then amplified to produce high-titer P1 virus for target protein expression. Expression products were purified by affinity chromatography (e.g., nickel column) and identified by SDS-PAGE, Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining, and Western blotting. The anti-ENO1 monoclonal antibody, single-chain antibody, and chimeric antibody were used for specific detection by Western blotting. On the basis of the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) under the catalysis by ENO1, the specific activity of ENO1 was measured by UV spectrophotometry at 240 nm. [Results] All recombinant plasmids and bacmids were successfully constructed, and high-level expression of recombinant proteins was achieved in insect cells. High-purity recombinant proteins were obtained, and Western blotting analysis confirmed their reactivity. The deletion of active sites of the enzyme did not affect the immunoreactivity. The specific activity of wild-type ENO1 was 691.28 U/mg, while those of the three deletion variants were significantly reduced. ENO1-M2 (with deletion of GSHAGNK at residues 156-162) and ENO1-M3 (with deletion of SPDPSRYI at residues 262-270) exhibited particularly pronounced losses of enzyme activity. [Conclusion] We successfully expressed and purified both wild-type and active site-deleted ENO1 proteins with retained reactivity by using the baculovirus expression vector system. The results confirm that GSHAGNK and SPDPSRYI are two key active sites of this enzyme, laying both theoretical and material foundations for further exploring the functions of ENO1 and developing its specific inhibitors.

human ENO1 protein  /  insect cell/baculovirus expression system  /  isolation and purification  /  enzyme activity assay
王丹, 刘会玲. 重组野生型和酶活缺失型人ENO1蛋白在昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达系统内的表达、纯化及酶活测定. 微生物学报, 2026 , 66 (8) : 4260 -4275 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20260246
Dan WANG, Huiling LIU. Expression, purification, and enzyme activity determination of recombinant wild-type and active site-deleted human ENO1 proteins in insect cell/baculovirus expression system[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2026 , 66 (8) : 4260 -4275 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20260246
α-烯醇化酶(alpha-enolase, ENO1)是糖酵解途径中除己糖激酶、6-磷酸果糖激酶、丙酮酸激酶[1]之外的另一关键代谢酶。它催化2-磷酸甘油酸(2-phosphoglycerate, 2-PGA)脱水生成磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸(phosphoenolpyruvate, PEP),是糖酵解中产生ATP的关键步骤[2]。ENO1不仅是一种代谢酶,更是一种具有致癌特性的多功能蛋白,它在人类癌症中过表达,如胃癌[3]、乳腺癌[4-5]、宫颈癌[6-7]、结肠癌[8]、膀胱癌[9-10]等,通过促进肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭加速癌症进展。这种过表达与肿瘤细胞的代谢重编程,特别是Warburg效应密切相关,后者是癌细胞在缺氧条件下偏好糖酵解供能的适应性反应[11-13]。研究表明,ENO1的酶活性中心由L1、L2和L3环构成,并与镁离子结合,这些结构对其催化功能至关重要[14]
为了深入研究ENO1的功能,特别是其酶活性位点在肿瘤发生中的作用,并推动基于ENO1的抑制剂研发,获得高纯度、具有生物活性的重组人ENO1蛋白至关重要。同时,为了避免重复已有工作,并考虑到本研究需要获得具有完整翻译后修饰和天然构象的ENO1蛋白用于精确的活性位点验证,选择了昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达系统。该系统能够提供更接近天然状态的重组ENO1蛋白,从而保证活性位点鉴定结果的可靠性[15]。已有研究采用大肠杆菌系统表达ENO1主要用于免疫检测,而本研究聚焦于酶活性位点的功能性验证,研究目标和蛋白质量要求不同。杆状病毒表达载体系统利用极晚期强启动子(如多角体蛋白启动子)驱动外源基因在昆虫细胞中高水平表达,非常适合生产复杂的功能性蛋白[16-18]
本研究旨在通过基因克隆结合昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达系统构建并纯化野生型人ENO1蛋白,以及针对关键活性位点设计的酶活缺失型(ENO1-M1、M2、M3)突变体。以重组蛋白为研究材料,为后续深入解析ENO1在糖酵解中的核心酶活位点、开展功能学研究、筛选靶向抑制剂,乃至为探索ENO1作为宫颈癌等恶性肿瘤治疗新靶点奠定坚实的物质基础。
大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli) DH5α菌种、E. coli DH10Bac感受态细胞均由本实验室保存;根据昆虫细胞/杆状病毒密码子优化的人ENO1基因序列(GenBank登录号为NM_001428)由北京六合华大基因科技有限公司合成;pFastBac HTB载体购自武汉淼灵生物科技有限公司。
根据本实验室保存的优化后野生型人ENO1基因序列,在C端添加6×His标签,由北京六合华大基因科技有限公司合成;其中在5′端插入BamH Ⅰ酶切位点,在3′端插入Hind III酶切位点。将合成的ENO1目的基因克隆至经BamH Ⅰ、Hind III双酶切后的pFastBac HTB载体中,构建重组野生型质粒pFastBac HTB-ENO1。同时,根据本实验室保存的酶活缺失型人ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3基因序列(图1)构建重组酶活缺失型质粒pFastBac HTB-ENO1-M1、pFastBac HTB-ENO1-M2和pFastBac HTB-ENO1-M3。
采用昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达系统的通用正向引物和反向引物,同时运用SnapGene软件设计特异性上游引物和特异性下游引物(表1)用于PCR验证。
向DH10Bac感受态大肠杆菌细胞悬液中加入5 µL pFastBac HTB-ENO1重组野生型质粒进行转化。取100 μL菌液涂布于蓝白斑筛选的LB平板上,37 ℃培养箱内正向静置1 h后倒置培养,进行β-半乳糖苷酶系统筛选。挑取单个白色菌落,再次在添加β-半乳糖苷酶筛选体系的LB平板上分区划线,37 ℃培养箱内倒置培养。随机挑取单个白色菌落,接种于5 mL LB液体培养基,37 ℃、200 r/min培养过夜(不超过14 h)。使用Omega BAC/PAC DNA Isolation Kit (Omega公司)提取重组杆粒,并用昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达系统通用引物进行PCR扩增。PCR反应体系(25.0 μL):PCR预混酶12.5 µL,上、下游引物(10 µmol/L)各1.0 µL,DNA模板1.0 µL,ddH2O 9.5 µL。PCR反应条件:95 ℃预变性5 min;95 ℃变性30 s,55 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸5 min,共30个循环;72 ℃终延伸5 min。扩增产物用1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,并送北京六合华大基因科技有限公司测序验证,鉴定正确的重组野生型杆粒命名为Bacmid-ENO1,保存于本实验室。参照Invitrogen PureLinkTM HiPure Plasmid Midiprep Kit (赛默飞世尔科技公司)说明书大量提取重组杆粒,测定浓度后于-20 ℃保存。同时,采用相同的方法制备重组酶活缺失型杆粒Bacmid-ENO1-M1、Bacmid-ENO1-M2和Bacmid-ENO1-M3。
将ExpiSf9TM细胞传代培养至活细胞密度达(5-10)×106个活细胞/mL,活力≥90%,用12.5 μg的重组野生型杆粒DNA转染ExpiSf9TM细胞,转染后24、72、96 h观察细胞活力。当细胞活力下降至60-80%时收集细胞上清液即为P0代病毒液,置于4 ℃避光保存。同时,设置未转染的Expisf9TM细胞作为空白对照。采用相同的方法制备酶活缺失型杆状病毒。
首先培养3-5 d,使ExpiSf9TM细胞密度达到(5-10)×106个活细胞/mL,活力≥90%;收集培养基,每瓶分别添加ExpiSf9TM Enhancer 400 µL;37 ℃培养18 h (不超过20 h);向每个培养瓶添加P1代病毒液2 mL;37 ℃分别培养72、96、120 h后收集细胞上清液。分别取1 mL各阶段样品进行表达分析。应用Western blotting检测重组野生型和酶活缺失型蛋白的表达情况。将上述收集的蛋白样品处理后转印至PVDF膜上,以Anti-6×His tag为一抗、山羊抗鼠IgG为二抗进行Western blotting,检测重组野生型人ENO1蛋白和酶活缺失型ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3蛋白的表达情况。
应用镍柱亲和层析纯化系统纯化收获的细胞上清液。采用亲和层析标签蛋白预装柱进行纯化。应用抗His标签蛋白的鼠源单克隆抗体,对经SDS-PAGE分析的重组纯化蛋白进行Western blotting鉴定。将上述收集的蛋白样品处理后转印至PVDF膜上,以Anti-6×His tag为一抗、山羊抗鼠IgG为二抗进行Western blotting,检测重组野生型人ENO1蛋白和酶活缺失型ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3蛋白的纯化情况。
应用本实验室保存的抗人ENO1单克隆抗体(ENO1mAb)、抗人ENO1单链抗体(anti-ENO1scFv)、抗人鼠ENO1嵌合抗体(ENO1-ximab),对经SDS-PAGE分析的纯化蛋白进行Western blotting检测。将纯化收集的重组蛋白样品处理后转印至PVDF膜上,分别以ENO1mAb、anti-ENO1scFv、ENO1-ximab为一抗,山羊抗鼠IgG为二抗进行Western blotting特异性检测。
ENO1催化2-PGA生成含高能磷酸键的磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸,该产物在240 nm处有最大吸光度,通过紫外分光光度计检测反应前后240 nm处吸光度值的变化,计算重组野生型和酶活缺失型人ENO1蛋白的活性,如公式(1)所示。
U=At×TVε×L×SV×103
式中:U为酶活力单位(μmol/L),∆A为反应前后的∆OD240t为反应时间(min),TV为反应的总体积(mL),SV为样本体积(mL),L为微量石英比色皿(1 mL)体系的光径(L=1 cm),ε为微量石英比色皿(1 mL)反应体系中被检测物质的摩尔消光系数,ε=1 300 [L/(mol·cm)]。
酶活测定:在Hepes缓冲液(含7.7 mmol/L KCl和10.0 mmol/L MgCl2,pH 7.4)中,加入5 μL 20.0 mmol/L 2-PGA底物、重组野生型和酶活缺失型人ENO1蛋白各50 μL,于37 ℃反应,利用紫外分光光度计检测240 nm处吸光度值,再利用公式(1)计算酶活。酶活单位(U)的定义为:在pH 7.4、温度37 ℃的反应条件下,每分钟转化1 μmol底物所需的酶量为1个酶活力单位(U)。比活力为每毫克酶蛋白所具有的酶活力,单位为U/mg。
采用GraphPad Prism 9.5软件进行统计学分析及作图。P<0.05被定义为差异有统计学意义。
将野生型重组质粒pFastBac-HTB-ENO1转化入E. coli DH10Bac感受态细胞中,37 ℃倒置培养过夜后挑取单菌落,用人ENO1基因特异性引物(表1)进行PCR鉴定,结果如图2A所示,目的基因片段大小与预期相符(ENO1基因片段1 335 bp)。如图2B所示,重组酶活缺失型质粒pFastBac-HTB-ENO1-M1、pFastBac-HTB-ENO1-M2、pFastBac-HTB-ENO1-M3也成功构建(ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3基因片段分别为1 311、1 314、1 311 bp)。
将成功构建的重组野生型质粒pFastBac-HTB-ENO1转化至E. coli DH10Bac感受态细胞中完成转座,在添加β-半乳糖苷酶筛选体系的固体培养基上进行2次细菌培养,筛选阳性结果(箭头指向白色菌落) (图3A),挑选出白色单克隆进行扩大培养。将扩大培养后的菌液提取杆粒,获得重组杆粒Bacmid-ENO1,并利用表1的pUC/M13通用引物进行PCR鉴定,取出4 µL产物经1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳后,在3 404 bp处有一特异性条带,与预期片段大小相符(图3B)。结果表明,目的基因已经插入杆状病毒中,重组杆粒Bacmid-ENO1正确制备,命名为rBacmid-ENO1。
使用相同步骤将成功构建的重组酶活缺失型质粒pFastBac-HTB-ENO1-M1、pFastBac-HTB-ENO1-M2、pFastBac-HTB-ENO1-M3转化至E. coli DH10Bac感受态细胞中完成转座,经过2轮添加β-半乳糖苷酶筛选体系的固体培养基筛选阳性结果(箭头指向白色菌落) (图3C),挑选出白色单个克隆进行扩大培养。将扩大培养后的菌液用于提取杆粒,获得重组杆粒Bacmid-ENO1-M1、Bacmid-ENO1-M2、Bacmid-ENO1-M3,并利用表1的pUC/M13通用引物对其进行PCR鉴定,取出4 µL产物经1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳后,分别在3 380、3 383、3 380 bp处有一特异性条带,与预期片段大小相符(图3D)。结果表明,目的基因已经插入到杆状病毒中,重组杆粒Bacmid-ENO1-M1、Bacmid-ENO1-M2、Bacmid-ENO1-M3的正确制备分别命名为rBacmid-ENO1-M1、rBacmid-ENO1-M2和rBacmid- ENO1-M3。
rBacmid-ENO1验证正确后,转染ExpiSf9TM细胞,经过一定时间的转染,细胞主要表现为变大变圆,呈典型杆状病毒感染晚期形态,经4%台盼蓝染色后,10 min之内病变或者死亡的细胞染为蓝色,随着转染时间的延长,病毒快速扩增,细胞死亡数目逐渐增多,细胞计数后当细胞活力达60%-70%时收集细胞培养液,1 000 r/min离心5 min后收集含有病毒的上清液。结果显示,在28 ℃、干燥、无CO2的恒温培养摇床箱中培养96 h后,转染组与转染前组ExpiSf9TM细胞相比出现了明显的病变,细胞活力在60%-70%,转染后成功获得重组杆状病毒,称为P0代杆状病毒(图4)。将获得的P0代杆状病毒再次感染细胞,获得病毒滴度较高的P1代杆状病毒,以相同的方法获得重组酶活缺失型P1代杆状病毒。
使用重组野生型P1代杆状病毒感染ExpiSf9TM细胞,分别于48、72、96、120 h后1 000 r/min离心5 min,收集培养基和细胞沉淀,经SDS-PAGE分析。结果显示,感染48、72、96、120 h后的培养基中均在约49 kDa处出现清晰目的条带,细胞沉淀中无明显条带(图5A),其大小与重组野生型人ENO1蛋白的理论相对分子质量相符。采用抗His标签鼠源单克隆抗体对表达产物进行Western blotting鉴定,结果显示在约49 kDa处出现特异性条带(图5B),与重组野生型人ENO1蛋白的预期条带位置一致。
使用抗His标签鼠源单克隆抗体对突变体表达产物进行Western blotting鉴定。结果显示,在约49 kDa处出现特异性条带(图6),其大小与重组酶活缺失型人ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3蛋白的理论相对分子质量一致。
为实现重组野生型人ENO1蛋白的高效表达,在上述实验基础上进一步优化感染时间(图7)。结果显示,96 h内随感染时间延长,重组野生型人ENO1蛋白表达量逐步升高;96 h后目的蛋白表达量趋于稳定。因此,为提升制备效率,确定重组野生型人ENO1蛋白的最佳感染时间为96 h。
采用镍亲和层析预装柱对重组野生型和酶活缺失型蛋白进行纯化,经含10 mmol/L咪唑的洗涤缓冲液充分洗涤后,直接用500 mmol/L咪唑一步洗脱。分别收集流穿液、洗涤液及洗脱液,各取20 µL样品进行SDS-PAGE检测。结果显示,500 mmol/L咪唑洗脱液可完全洗脱目的蛋白(图8),在49 kDa处获得纯度大于90%的重组野生型人ENO1蛋白和重组酶活缺失型人ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3蛋白。后续以His tag作为一抗,羊抗鼠IgG抗体作为二抗进行Western blotting验证,结果如图8E所示,4种蛋白均在49 kDa处出现特异性条带,表明已成功纯化得到高纯度、高特异性的4种目的蛋白。
应用本实验室保存的ENO1mAb、anti-ENO1scFv以及ENO1-ximab对经SDS-PAGE分析的纯化重组野生型人ENO1蛋白进行Western blotting检测,检测结果显示(图9A),重组野生型人ENO1蛋白能够被相应抗体识别,反应条带位于49 kDa处,表明纯化后重组野生型人ENO1蛋白具有反应原性。如图9B-9D所示,重组酶活缺失型人ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3蛋白均能够被相应抗体识别,反应条带均位于49 kDa处,表明纯化后重组酶活缺失型人ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3蛋白均具有反应原性,且酶活位点缺失不会影响蛋白质与抗体的结合。
重组野生型人ENO1蛋白催化2-PGA生成PEP,其在240 nm处有最大吸收峰,该吸光值反映ENO1蛋白催化2-PGA生成PEP的量,野生型ENO1蛋白样品酶比活力为610.14 U/mg;酶活缺失型ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3蛋白样品酶比活力分别为465.70、316.13、377.04 U/mg。
从酶活性测定结果来看,制备的重组野生型ENO1蛋白对底物2-PGA响应灵敏,说明重组野生型ENO1蛋白的空间结构和酶催化活性初步正确,酶比活力为610.14 U/mg。相对而言,重组酶活缺失型ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2和ENO1-M3蛋白与重组野生型ENO1蛋白相比酶活显著降低(图10),尤其是重组酶活缺失型ENO1-M2蛋白(P<0.05)、ENO1-M3蛋白(P<0.05),分别对应酶活位点GSHAGNK (残基156-162)和SPDDPSRYI (残基262-270)。因此,本研究提示,酶活位点GSHAGNK (残基156-162)和SPDDPSRYI (残基262-270)在ENO1介导的糖酵解催化过程中发挥关键作用。
为实现目的蛋白的高效表达与便捷纯化,本研究将野生型及3种酶活位点缺失型(M1、M2、M3)的人ENO1基因克隆至pFastBac HTB载体,该载体本身携带1个6×His标签,同时本研究在基因C端也添加了6×His标签,形成双标签策略以优化纯化效率。随后,采用成熟的Bac-to-Bac系统进行重组杆粒的构建。具体而言,将重组质粒转化至含有亲本杆粒(bacmid)和辅助质粒的DH10Bac™感受态细胞中。通过“蓝白斑筛选”[19],成功筛选出白色菌落,并通过小量提取其杆粒DNA作为模板,使用pUC/M13通用引物进行PCR鉴定。电泳结果显示,野生型及3种酶活缺失型重组杆粒的PCR产物大小分别为3 404、3 380、3 383、3 380 bp,与预期完全相符。测序分析及SnapGene软件比对证实,所有ENO1基因序列正确,无移码或意外突变,表明重组杆粒(rBacmid-ENO1)构建成功,可用于后续病毒制备。
将验证正确的重组杆粒转染至ExpiSf9™昆虫细胞,转染96 h后可观察到典型的细胞病变效应,初步表明重组病毒已成功产生,这与国内使用昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达人促甲状腺激素受体A亚单位蛋白[20]、微小牛蜱Enolase基因[21]、H5N1亚型禽流感病毒样颗粒[22]时得出的结果一致。然而,初始获得的P0代病毒液滴度通常较低,为了最大化蛋白产量,对病毒进行扩增以获得高滴度的P1代病毒是标准流程。本研究通过扩大感染体积成功制备了P1代病毒。需要指出的是,虽然病毒扩增能提高滴度,但多次传代可能增加病毒基因组发生有害突变的风险,从而导致蛋白表达不稳定或产量下降。因此,本研究后续实验均使用低传代次数的病毒(P1代),以在产量和稳定性间取得平衡。此外,表达条件的优化是获得高产量重组蛋白的关键。本研究系统地评估了感染后不同时间点(48、72、96、120 h)的蛋白表达情况。SDS-PAGE分析显示,在感染后48 h即可在培养基上清中检测到约49 kDa的目的条带,且表达量随时间递增,至96 h后达到平台期。因此,确定感染后96 h为收获重组ENO1蛋白的最佳时间点,此时间窗口与杆状病毒晚期启动子驱动的表达高峰相符。收获的细胞培养上清立即置于低温保存,以维持蛋白的免疫原性。
有研究发现,宿主细胞的选择、培养状态、培养条件以及收获蛋白的时间均是影响重组蛋白表达的因素[23-24]。陈朝林等[25]将重组杆状病毒在ExpiSf9TM细胞上产生的BTV-VP7蛋白包被到ELISA板上,通过间接ELISA法测定重组蛋白的表达量,结果表明在贴壁培养的昆虫细胞中重组蛋白的表达量高于摇瓶培养。宝梅英等[26]在昆虫细胞/杆状病毒表达系统中选择Hi5细胞为宿主细胞,结果表明cap蛋白产量比sf9细胞中产量高,且比较稳定。本研究基于实验室条件和前期经验选用了ExpiSf9TM细胞,并成功实现了ENO1的高效表达。未来若需进一步提高产量,可考虑对比不同昆虫细胞系(如Sf9、Sf21、Hi5)的表达效率。
由于重组ENO1蛋白带有6×His标签,本研究采用镍柱亲和层析进行一步纯化。其原理是组氨酸标签与镍离子(Ni2+)发生特异性螯合,从而将目的蛋白与宿主细胞蛋白等杂质分离。经过结合、洗涤步骤后,使用500 mmol/L咪唑的洗脱缓冲液能够有效地将目的蛋白从柱上洗脱。纯化后的蛋白通过SDS-PAGE和Western blotting进行分析。结果显示,在49 kDa处出现单一、清晰的特异性条带,与ENO1的理论分子量一致,表明成功获得了高纯度的重组野生型及3种酶活缺失型ENO1蛋白。为验证纯化蛋白的生物学功能,本研究进行了免疫反应原性检测和酶活性测定2项关键检测。免疫反应原性检测:本研究使用的抗ENO1单克隆抗体(ENO1 mAb)及其衍生的嵌合抗体(ENO1-ximab)和单链抗体(anti-ENO1 scFv)[27-29]均基于同一母本抗体改造而来,共享相同的可变区序列和抗原表位特异性,Western blotting分析显示,这些抗体与野生型及3种酶活性位点缺失突变体(ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3)均具有良好的免疫反应性。这一结果表明这些抗体识别的抗原表位不位于已缺失的L1 (残基36-43)、L2 (残基156-162)和L3 (残基262-270)环区域;缺失这些酶活性位点后,ENO1蛋白的整体三维构象仍保持相对完整,未发生导致抗体结合能力丧失的剧烈构象变化;这一结果进一步支持了酶活性下降确实源于功能性活性位点的缺失,而非蛋白整体结构的破坏。酶活性测定:采用紫外分光光度法,通过检测反应中产物磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸(PEP)在240 nm处吸光度的变化来计算酶活。结果显示,重组野生型ENO1蛋白具有较高的催化活性。相比之下,3种酶活缺失型突变体(ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3)的酶活性显著降低,其中针对L2环(残基156-162,GSHAGNK)的M2突变体和针对L3环(残基262-270,SPDDPSRYI)的M3突变体活性丧失最为明显。这一结果直接证实了这些环状结构在ENO1催化功能中的关键作用,为后续针对特定酶活位点进行抑制剂设计提供了精确的分子靶点。
本研究利用BEVS系统成功表达并纯化了具有完整免疫反应原性和酶活性的野生型人ENO1蛋白,并在此基础上系统性构建并分析了3个关键酶活位点(L1、L2、L3环)的缺失体(ENO1-M1、ENO1-M2、ENO1-M3)。这不仅为ENO1的功能研究提供了高质量的重组蛋白工具,更重要的是通过对比野生型与缺失体的酶活性初步揭示了L2环(“GSHAGNK”,残基156-162)和L3环(“SPDDPSRYI”,残基262-270)在ENO1糖酵解催化功能中的关键作用。这为后续开发靶向ENO1酶活中心的特异性抑制剂提供了精确的分子靶点,超越了以往仅针对蛋白质整体表达水平的研究。纯化的重组ENO1蛋白能被实验室前期制备的一系列抗体(ENO1mAb、scFv、ENO1ximab)有效识别,证实了其良好的反应原性,且酶活位点突变不影响抗体结合表位,这为这些抗体的质量控制与后续应用提供了关键抗原。在未来,本研究制备的活性蛋白可与实验室已有的抗体工具结合,直接用于更深入的功能阻断实验、表位映射或作为免疫原制备新一代抗体,从而形成从抗原制备、抗体开发到功能验证的完整研究链条,极大地增强了针对ENO1的转化医学研究能力。此外,这些活性明确的蛋白与酶活缺失体为深入探究ENO1在宫颈癌等恶性肿瘤代谢重编程中的作用机制及靶向治疗策略奠定了坚实的物质基础。
  • 国家自科学基金(82260557)
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2026年第66卷第8期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20260246
  • 接收时间:2026-03-26
  • 首发时间:2026-08-21
  • 出版时间:2026-08-04
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  • 收稿日期:2026-03-26
  • 录用日期:2026-06-02
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National Natural Science Foundation of China(82260557)
国家自科学基金(82260557)
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    1.解放军联勤保障部队第九四〇医院妇科,甘肃 兰州
    2.甘肃省人民医院妇科,甘肃 兰州

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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种数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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