Article(id=1280817670660538370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1280817479555462000, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20260032, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1768233600000, receivedDateStr=2026-01-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1772553600000, acceptedDateStr=2026-03-04, onlineDate=1783300329126, onlineDateStr=2026-07-06, pubDate=1783094400000, pubDateStr=2026-07-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1783300329126, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-07-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1783300329126, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1783300329126, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1280817479555462000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2026', volume='66', issue='7', pageStart='3121', pageEnd='3677', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1783094400000', pubDateStr='2026-07-04', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1783300283564, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1783326087324, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1280925708813832745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1280817479555462000, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1280925708813832746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1280817479555462000, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3610, endPage=3624, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1280817672694775811, articleId=1280817670660538370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Control effect of Burkholderiagladioli H02 combined with thifluzamide on peanut southern blight, columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective Southern blight, caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., is a major soil-borne disease that limits peanut production. At present, its management relies mainly on chemical fungicides. To improve the field control efficacy, reduce fungicide application rates, and lower pesticide residues in peanuts, this study screened antagonistic microorganisms against S. rolfsii and evaluated their synergistic effects with chemical fungicides in the control of peanut southern blight. The results are expected to provide technical support for the green and sustainable management of this disease. Methods This study first used a plate-based screening assay to obtain biocontrol strains showing strong antagonistic activity against S. rolfsii and high compatibility with commonly used fungicides. Next, a fungicide screening assay was conducted to identify control agents that effectively inhibited S. rolfsii without adversely affecting the growth of the biocontrol strains. Subsequently, an in vitro combined toxicity assay was performed. The pathogen was inoculated onto PDA plates containing different concentrations of thifluzamide (0.15 and 0.30 μg/mL), sterile 10% fermentation broth of H02, or their mixtures. Fungal growth was observed, and the inhibition rate and inhibition ratio (IR) were calculated to evaluate the interaction type of the combined treatment. Finally, a pot experiment was carried out to compare the control efficacy against peanut southern blight among the fermentation broth, the full-dose fungicide (recommended field rate), and the combination of fermentation broth with a half-dose fungicide. Results A Burkholderia gladioli strain H02 with high antagonistic activity and good fungicide compatibility was screened out, exhibiting an inhibition rate of 76.03%. Concurrently, thifluzamide was identified as a fungicide with strong inhibitory activity against S. rolfsii and no negative impact on the growth of strain H02, exhibiting an EC50 of 0.151 3 μg/mL. Results from the in vitro combined toxicity assay indicated that the combination of the H02 fermentation broth and thifluzamide showed an IR greater than 1, exhibiting a synergistic effect. Moreover, the combination of half the concentration of thifluzamide with the fermentation broth significantly demonstrated higher inhibition rates against pathogen mycelia and sclerotia (74.91% and 95.58%, respectively) than the full concentration of thifluzamide alone (68.04% and 83.67%, respectively). Pot experiment results showed that the combination of H02 fermentation broth and half dosage of thifluzamide had the control efficacy comparable to that of the full dosage of thifluzamide (68.94% vs. 66.63%), whereas the single application of H02 fermentation broth provided the control efficacy of 61.17%. Conclusion The combined application of B. gladioli H02 and thifluzamide can achieve synergistic control of peanut southern blight and reduce chemical fungicide usage while maintaining effective disease control, thus showing promising potential for practical application.

, authors=Yirui HUANG1, Zheyuan ZHU2, Jie WANG2, Lu LIU2, Yong ZHOU3, Bin YANG2, Di PENG1, 2, Jiling XIAO2, authorsList=Yirui HUANG, Zheyuan ZHU, Jie WANG, Lu LIU, Yong ZHOU, Bin YANG, Di PENG, Jiling XIAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Di PENG, Jiling XIAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail: PENG Di,
XIAO Jiling,
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1280817674745790484, articleId=1280817670660538370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌H02与噻呋酰胺联用对花生白绢病的防控效果, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 由齐整小核菌(Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.)侵染引起的白绢病是制约花生生产的重要土传病害。当前防控主要依赖化学药剂,为提高田间防效、降低农药用量、减少花生农药残留,本研究筛选了齐整小核菌的拮抗微生物,并探索了其与化学药剂协同防控花生白绢病的效果,以期为该病害的绿色防控提供技术支持。 方法 通过平板筛选实验获得对齐整小核菌拮抗活性强且与常用真菌杀菌剂相容性好的生防菌株;经药剂筛选实验获得对齐整小核菌抑制效果显著且不影响生防菌株生长的防控药剂;通过室内联合毒力测定实验,在含有不同浓度噻呋酰胺(0.15 μg/mL、0.30 μg/mL)、10% H02无菌发酵液或其复合物的PDA平板上接种病原菌,观察菌丝生长并计算抑制率与抑制比率(inhibition ratio, IR),评价二者联用的相互作用类型。通过盆栽试验,比较菌液、全剂量药剂(田间推荐用量)及菌液与半剂量药剂联用对花生白绢病的防治效果。 结果 筛选获得一株拮抗活性高、与杀菌剂相容性良好的唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia gladioli) H02,其平板抑制率为76.03%。同时,筛选获得对齐整小核菌抑制效果显著(EC50为0.151 3 μg/mL)且不影响H02生长的药剂噻呋酰胺。室内联合毒力测定结果表明,H02无菌发酵液与噻呋酰胺复配处理组的IR均大于1,表现为协同作用类型;且减半浓度噻呋酰胺与发酵液联用对菌丝和菌核的抑制率(分别为74.91%和95.58%)显著高于全浓度噻呋酰胺单剂处理(分别为68.04%和83.67%)。盆栽结果显示,H02菌液与半剂量噻呋酰胺联用的防效(68.94%)与全剂量噻呋酰胺(66.63%)防效相当,分别为68.94%与66.63%,单施H02菌液的防效为61.17%。 结论 唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌H02与噻呋酰胺联用可发挥协同防治作用,在维持防治效果的同时减少化学药剂用量,展现出良好的应用潜力。

, authors=黄依蕊1, 朱哲远2, 王颉2, 刘璐2, 周勇3, 杨斌2, 彭迪1, 2, 肖姬玲2, authorsList=黄依蕊, 朱哲远, 王颉, 刘璐, 周勇, 杨斌, 彭迪, 肖姬玲, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=彭迪, 肖姬玲, authorNote=

作者贡献声明

黄依蕊:实验设计、数据分析、文章撰写;朱哲远:样品采集与管理;王颉:生防菌的筛选、数据统计;刘璐:杀菌剂的筛选、数据统计;周勇:研究构思、材料收集;杨斌:材料收集、植株管理;彭迪:实验设计、文章审阅;肖姬玲:实验指导、文章审阅与修订。

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Plant Pathology, 2006, 55(1): 92-99., articleTitle=Biological control of Fusarium crown and root rot of tomato with antagonistic bacteria and integrated control when combined with the fungicide carbendazim, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1280925144025632904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, awardId=2023YFD1400905, language=EN, fundingSource=The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1400905), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1280925144088547465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, awardId=2023YFD1400905, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1400905), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1280925144151462026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, awardId=32402331, language=EN, fundingSource=The National Natural Science Foundation of China for Young Scholars (Category C)(32402331), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1280925144239542411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, awardId=32402331, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金青年(C类)(32402331), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1280925137478324274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1280925137490907187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, companyId=1280925137478324274, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Longping Agricultural College, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1280925137503490100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, companyId=1280925137478324274, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.湖南大学 隆平农学院,湖南 长沙)]), AuthorCompany(id=1280925138749198389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1280925138761781302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, companyId=1280925138749198389, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha, Hunan, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1280925138770169911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, companyId=1280925138749198389, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.湖南省微生物研究所,湖南 长沙)]), AuthorCompany(id=1280925138854055992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1280925138862444601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, companyId=1280925138854055992, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Hunan Institute of Plant Protection, Changsha, Hunan, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1280925138870833210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, companyId=1280925138854055992, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.湖南省植物保护研究所,湖南 长沙)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1280925141811040364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=The antagonistic activity of biocontrol strains against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., figureFileSmall=SnEk+mALnbPaIMhVLj7/lw==, figureFileBig=2NHlZBM6JBvuhtEbt8el+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925141899120749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=图1, caption=生防菌株对齐整小核菌的拮抗情况, figureFileSmall=SnEk+mALnbPaIMhVLj7/lw==, figureFileBig=2NHlZBM6JBvuhtEbt8el+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925141991395438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Phylogenetic tree of strain H02 based on concatenated sequences of 16SrRNA, gyrB and recA genes sequence. The serial numbers are GenBank accession numbers; Branch numbers are bootstrap values; The scale bar in the lower left corner indicates genetic distance., figureFileSmall=oP6yhCy6qsmoe2NNnkuwsQ==, figureFileBig=mAgYu2A2oZPDjThgABgQew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142054309999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=图2, caption=基于16SrRNAgyrBrecA 基因序列构建的菌株H02系统发育树, figureFileSmall=oP6yhCy6qsmoe2NNnkuwsQ==, figureFileBig=mAgYu2A2oZPDjThgABgQew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142121418864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Safety assessment of H02. A: Pathogenicity assay of H02 on peanut plants; B: In vitro hemolysis activity assay of H02., figureFileSmall=mcrkz3y0Hp+8A721ZVNEMQ==, figureFileBig=m807L+YuwqBfV9PY9p3KHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142192722033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=图3, caption=H02的安全性评估, figureFileSmall=mcrkz3y0Hp+8A721ZVNEMQ==, figureFileBig=m807L+YuwqBfV9PY9p3KHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142255636594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Results of in vitro toxicity assays of three fungicides against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.A: Growth of S. rolfsii on PDA plates containing different concentrations of thifluzamide; B: Growth of S. rolfsii on PDA plates containing different concentrations of ethylicin; C: Growth of S. rolfsii on PDA plates containing different concentrations of fludioxonil., figureFileSmall=WhHcxK9wXMy7IxiSBei0FA==, figureFileBig=dLjvFoZz/6ZiskjM06KaQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142322745459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=图4, caption=三种杀菌剂对齐整小核菌的室内毒力测定结果, figureFileSmall=WhHcxK9wXMy7IxiSBei0FA==, figureFileBig=dLjvFoZz/6ZiskjM06KaQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142377271412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Growth dynamics of H02 in LB medium supplemented with different concentrations of fludioxonil or thifluzamide. A: Fludioxonil; B: Thifluzamide. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatment groups (P<0.05)., figureFileSmall=Br8CvCp9VCkP6oyPCXu8VA==, figureFileBig=MdykBSqSbMLD8VJ47UjDUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142440185973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=图5, caption=H02在含梯度浓度咯菌腈或噻呋酰胺LB培养基中的生长动态, figureFileSmall=Br8CvCp9VCkP6oyPCXu8VA==, figureFileBig=MdykBSqSbMLD8VJ47UjDUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142498906230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=In vitro combined toxicity assay results of thifluzamide (TFNA) and sterile fermentation broth (SFB) against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. A: Growth of mycelial plugs under different treatments; B: Germination of sclerotia under different treatments., figureFileSmall=fWntn2bEkBN6Eqx+xLEQHQ==, figureFileBig=I+jAVHTQr0C/0+ufbqz7Xw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142570209399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=图6, caption=噻呋酰胺(TFNA)与无菌发酵液(SFB)对齐整小核菌的室内联合毒力测定结果, figureFileSmall=fWntn2bEkBN6Eqx+xLEQHQ==, figureFileBig=I+jAVHTQr0C/0+ufbqz7Xw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142654095480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Control efficacy of different treatments against peanut southern blight in pot experiments. A: Control (-): Negative control without pathogen inoculation; B: Control (+): Positive control with pathogen inoculation; C: Treatment 1: Soil drench with H02 bacterial suspension, followed by a half-rate thifluzamide drench after pathogen inoculation; D: Treatment 2: Pathogen inoculation followed by a full-rate thifluzamide soil drench; E: Treatment 3: Soil drench with H02 bacterial suspension prior to pathogen inoculation., figureFileSmall=aQAR9h7Sum7RBu5UMNkJyg==, figureFileBig=cG7OBh68pDhp/OLis6ZN7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142742175865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同处理对花生白绢病的盆栽防治效果, figureFileSmall=aQAR9h7Sum7RBu5UMNkJyg==, figureFileBig=cG7OBh68pDhp/OLis6ZN7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142830256250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Disease index of peanut southern blight. ***: P<0.001, indicating extremely significant differences; **: P<0.01, indicating highly significant differences., figureFileSmall=Zq2Fk70D5ZUvrzWOWt4t+A==, figureFileBig=Rk38pim7TPtZs09eonHxYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925142922530939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=图8, caption=花生白绢病病情指数统计, figureFileSmall=Zq2Fk70D5ZUvrzWOWt4t+A==, figureFileBig=Rk38pim7TPtZs09eonHxYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925143014805628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Primer information for 16S rRNA, gyrB, and recA gene

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer namesPrimer sequences (5′→3′)
27FAGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG
1492RGGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT
gyrB FCTCGATCTCCATCACCGACA
gyrB RTCAGATACCGCTCGTCCTTC
recA FATGGAAGATAGCAAGAAAGGCGC
recA RTCACTCTTCTTCGTCCAGGATCT
), ArticleFig(id=1280925143098691709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

16S rRNAgyrBrecA 基因的引物信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer namesPrimer sequences (5′→3′)
27FAGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG
1492RGGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT
gyrB FCTCGATCTCCATCACCGACA
gyrB RTCAGATACCGCTCGTCCTTC
recA FATGGAAGATAGCAAGAAAGGCGC
recA RTCACTCTTCTTCGTCCAGGATCT
), ArticleFig(id=1280925143186772094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Results of the compatibility assay between biocontrol strains and fungicides

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
FungicideH02HR2CB-00121-2-120-5-2
Thifluzamide+++++
Pyraclostrobin+++++
Prothioconazole+++++
Ethylicin+----
Fludioxonil+++++
Ningnanmycin+++++
Hymexazol+++++
Chlorothalonil+--++
Carbendazim+++++
), ArticleFig(id=1280925143270658175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

生防菌与杀菌剂的相容性测定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
FungicideH02HR2CB-00121-2-120-5-2
Thifluzamide+++++
Pyraclostrobin+++++
Prothioconazole+++++
Ethylicin+----
Fludioxonil+++++
Ningnanmycin+++++
Hymexazol+++++
Chlorothalonil+--++
Carbendazim+++++
), ArticleFig(id=1280925143341961344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Effects of H02 fermentation broth treatment on plant height, fresh weight, and root length of peanut plants

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupPlant height/cmFresh weight/gRoot length/cm
Control29.80±1.68a13.90±1.20a9.20±0.93a
H0230.78±2.33a13.55±1.91a10.45±0.91a
), ArticleFig(id=1280925143421653121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

H02菌液处理对花生植株株高、鲜重及根长的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupPlant height/cmFresh weight/gRoot length/cm
Control29.80±1.68a13.90±1.20a9.20±0.93a
H0230.78±2.33a13.55±1.91a10.45±0.91a
), ArticleFig(id=1280925143488761986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Inhibition rates of different fungicides against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
FungicideActive content/%FormulationTreatment concentration/(µg/mL)Inhibition rate/%
Thifluzamide96.2TC100100.0
25100.0
5100.0
Pyraclostrobin98.0TC100100.0
2575.8
552.1
Prothioconazole95.0TC100100.0
2577.8
551.6
Ethylicin 10080.0EC160100.0
80100.0
Fludioxonil500.0WP100100.0
200100.0
Ningnanmycin8.0AS80100.0
4083.5
Hymexazol30.0AS20052.6
10015.4
Chlorothalonil75.0WP1 250100.0
62581.1
Carbendazim50.0WP50049.6
25010.2
), ArticleFig(id=1280925143585230979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

供试杀菌剂对齐整小核菌的抑制率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
FungicideActive content/%FormulationTreatment concentration/(µg/mL)Inhibition rate/%
Thifluzamide96.2TC100100.0
25100.0
5100.0
Pyraclostrobin98.0TC100100.0
2575.8
552.1
Prothioconazole95.0TC100100.0
2577.8
551.6
Ethylicin 10080.0EC160100.0
80100.0
Fludioxonil500.0WP100100.0
200100.0
Ningnanmycin8.0AS80100.0
4083.5
Hymexazol30.0AS20052.6
10015.4
Chlorothalonil75.0WP1 250100.0
62581.1
Carbendazim50.0WP50049.6
25010.2
), ArticleFig(id=1280925143643951236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Toxicity regression equations and EC50 values of three fungicides against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
FungicideToxicity regression equationEC50/(μg/mL)Correlation coefficient95% confidence interval
Thifluzamidey=0.911 8x+5.747 80.151 30.977 20.084 4-0.271 3
Ethyliciny=0.974 3x+4.180 06.944 10.988 74.486 6-10.747 6
Fludioxonily=3.314 1x+8.569 90.083 70.915 60.036 7-0.191 2
), ArticleFig(id=1280925143719448709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

三种杀菌剂对齐整小核菌的室内毒力回归方程及EC50

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
FungicideToxicity regression equationEC50/(μg/mL)Correlation coefficient95% confidence interval
Thifluzamidey=0.911 8x+5.747 80.151 30.977 20.084 4-0.271 3
Ethyliciny=0.974 3x+4.180 06.944 10.988 74.486 6-10.747 6
Fludioxonily=3.314 1x+8.569 90.083 70.915 60.036 7-0.191 2
), ArticleFig(id=1280925143815917702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Inhibition ratio of thifluzamide (TFNA) and sterile fermentation broth (SFB)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TreatmentMycelial plugSclerotium
Actual inhibition rate/%Theoretical inhibition rate/%IRActual inhibition rate/%Theoretical inhibition rate/%IR
SFB17.59±0.97e--26.74±8.89d--
0.15 μg/mL TFNA53.98±0.69d--72.90±4.28c--
0.30 μg/mL TFNA68.04±0.55c--83.67±1.69b--
0.15 μg/mL TFNA+SFB74.91±4.49b62.081.2195.58±7.66a80.151.19
0.30 μg/mL TFNA+SFB87.92±2.40a73.661.19100.00±0.00a88.041.14
), ArticleFig(id=1280925143887220871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817670660538370, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

噻呋酰胺(TFNA)与无菌发酵液(SFB)的抑制比率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TreatmentMycelial plugSclerotium
Actual inhibition rate/%Theoretical inhibition rate/%IRActual inhibition rate/%Theoretical inhibition rate/%IR
SFB17.59±0.97e--26.74±8.89d--
0.15 μg/mL TFNA53.98±0.69d--72.90±4.28c--
0.30 μg/mL TFNA68.04±0.55c--83.67±1.69b--
0.15 μg/mL TFNA+SFB74.91±4.49b62.081.2195.58±7.66a80.151.19
0.30 μg/mL TFNA+SFB87.92±2.40a73.661.19100.00±0.00a88.041.14
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唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌H02与噻呋酰胺联用对花生白绢病的防控效果
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黄依蕊 1 , 朱哲远 2 , 王颉 2 , 刘璐 2 , 周勇 3 , 杨斌 2 , 彭迪 1, 2 , 肖姬玲 2
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2026,66(7): 3610-3624
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微生物学报 |研究报告 2026 , 66 (7) : 3610 -3624
唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌H02与噻呋酰胺联用对花生白绢病的防控效果
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黄依蕊1, 朱哲远2, 王颉2, 刘璐2, 周勇3, 杨斌2, 彭迪1, 2 , 肖姬玲2
作者信息
  • 1.湖南大学 隆平农学院,湖南 长沙
  • 2.湖南省微生物研究所,湖南 长沙
  • 3.湖南省植物保护研究所,湖南 长沙
作者简介:

作者贡献声明

黄依蕊:实验设计、数据分析、文章撰写;朱哲远:样品采集与管理;王颉:生防菌的筛选、数据统计;刘璐:杀菌剂的筛选、数据统计;周勇:研究构思、材料收集;杨斌:材料收集、植株管理;彭迪:实验设计、文章审阅;肖姬玲:实验指导、文章审阅与修订。

Control effect of Burkholderiagladioli H02 combined with thifluzamide on peanut southern blight
Yirui HUANG1, Zheyuan ZHU2, Jie WANG2, Lu LIU2, Yong ZHOU3, Bin YANG2, Di PENG1, 2 , Jiling XIAO2
Affiliations
  • 1.Longping Agricultural College, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
  • 2.Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha, Hunan, China
  • 3.Hunan Institute of Plant Protection, Changsha, Hunan, China
出版时间: 2026-07-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20260032
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目的 由齐整小核菌(Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.)侵染引起的白绢病是制约花生生产的重要土传病害。当前防控主要依赖化学药剂,为提高田间防效、降低农药用量、减少花生农药残留,本研究筛选了齐整小核菌的拮抗微生物,并探索了其与化学药剂协同防控花生白绢病的效果,以期为该病害的绿色防控提供技术支持。 方法 通过平板筛选实验获得对齐整小核菌拮抗活性强且与常用真菌杀菌剂相容性好的生防菌株;经药剂筛选实验获得对齐整小核菌抑制效果显著且不影响生防菌株生长的防控药剂;通过室内联合毒力测定实验,在含有不同浓度噻呋酰胺(0.15 μg/mL、0.30 μg/mL)、10% H02无菌发酵液或其复合物的PDA平板上接种病原菌,观察菌丝生长并计算抑制率与抑制比率(inhibition ratio, IR),评价二者联用的相互作用类型。通过盆栽试验,比较菌液、全剂量药剂(田间推荐用量)及菌液与半剂量药剂联用对花生白绢病的防治效果。 结果 筛选获得一株拮抗活性高、与杀菌剂相容性良好的唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia gladioli) H02,其平板抑制率为76.03%。同时,筛选获得对齐整小核菌抑制效果显著(EC50为0.151 3 μg/mL)且不影响H02生长的药剂噻呋酰胺。室内联合毒力测定结果表明,H02无菌发酵液与噻呋酰胺复配处理组的IR均大于1,表现为协同作用类型;且减半浓度噻呋酰胺与发酵液联用对菌丝和菌核的抑制率(分别为74.91%和95.58%)显著高于全浓度噻呋酰胺单剂处理(分别为68.04%和83.67%)。盆栽结果显示,H02菌液与半剂量噻呋酰胺联用的防效(68.94%)与全剂量噻呋酰胺(66.63%)防效相当,分别为68.94%与66.63%,单施H02菌液的防效为61.17%。 结论 唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌H02与噻呋酰胺联用可发挥协同防治作用,在维持防治效果的同时减少化学药剂用量,展现出良好的应用潜力。

花生白绢病  /  菌药协同  /  伯克霍尔德菌H02  /  噻呋酰胺

Objective Southern blight, caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., is a major soil-borne disease that limits peanut production. At present, its management relies mainly on chemical fungicides. To improve the field control efficacy, reduce fungicide application rates, and lower pesticide residues in peanuts, this study screened antagonistic microorganisms against S. rolfsii and evaluated their synergistic effects with chemical fungicides in the control of peanut southern blight. The results are expected to provide technical support for the green and sustainable management of this disease. Methods This study first used a plate-based screening assay to obtain biocontrol strains showing strong antagonistic activity against S. rolfsii and high compatibility with commonly used fungicides. Next, a fungicide screening assay was conducted to identify control agents that effectively inhibited S. rolfsii without adversely affecting the growth of the biocontrol strains. Subsequently, an in vitro combined toxicity assay was performed. The pathogen was inoculated onto PDA plates containing different concentrations of thifluzamide (0.15 and 0.30 μg/mL), sterile 10% fermentation broth of H02, or their mixtures. Fungal growth was observed, and the inhibition rate and inhibition ratio (IR) were calculated to evaluate the interaction type of the combined treatment. Finally, a pot experiment was carried out to compare the control efficacy against peanut southern blight among the fermentation broth, the full-dose fungicide (recommended field rate), and the combination of fermentation broth with a half-dose fungicide. Results A Burkholderia gladioli strain H02 with high antagonistic activity and good fungicide compatibility was screened out, exhibiting an inhibition rate of 76.03%. Concurrently, thifluzamide was identified as a fungicide with strong inhibitory activity against S. rolfsii and no negative impact on the growth of strain H02, exhibiting an EC50 of 0.151 3 μg/mL. Results from the in vitro combined toxicity assay indicated that the combination of the H02 fermentation broth and thifluzamide showed an IR greater than 1, exhibiting a synergistic effect. Moreover, the combination of half the concentration of thifluzamide with the fermentation broth significantly demonstrated higher inhibition rates against pathogen mycelia and sclerotia (74.91% and 95.58%, respectively) than the full concentration of thifluzamide alone (68.04% and 83.67%, respectively). Pot experiment results showed that the combination of H02 fermentation broth and half dosage of thifluzamide had the control efficacy comparable to that of the full dosage of thifluzamide (68.94% vs. 66.63%), whereas the single application of H02 fermentation broth provided the control efficacy of 61.17%. Conclusion The combined application of B. gladioli H02 and thifluzamide can achieve synergistic control of peanut southern blight and reduce chemical fungicide usage while maintaining effective disease control, thus showing promising potential for practical application.

peanut southern blight  /  cooperation between microbial agents and fungicides  /  Burkholderia gladioli H02  /  thifluzamide
黄依蕊, 朱哲远, 王颉, 刘璐, 周勇, 杨斌, 彭迪, 肖姬玲. 唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌H02与噻呋酰胺联用对花生白绢病的防控效果. 微生物学报, 2026 , 66 (7) : 3610 -3624 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20260032
Yirui HUANG, Zheyuan ZHU, Jie WANG, Lu LIU, Yong ZHOU, Bin YANG, Di PENG, Jiling XIAO. Control effect of Burkholderiagladioli H02 combined with thifluzamide on peanut southern blight[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2026 , 66 (7) : 3610 -3624 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20260032
花生(Arachis hypogaea L.)是重要的油料与经济作物,近年来由齐整小核菌(Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.)侵染所致的花生白绢病在我国主要花生产区严重发生,已成为制约花生产业可持续发展的重要病害[1]。病原菌主要侵染花生茎基部、根部和果荚,并可实现全生育期侵染。田间一般病株率为10%-30%,严重时病株率可达50%以上,甚至引起绝产[2]。目前,花生白绢病的田间防控高度依赖化学杀菌剂[3],但长期使用化学杀菌剂不仅对生态系统和环境安全存在潜在威胁,还容易导致病原菌产生抗药性,从而降低防治效果。早在1998年就有研究表明,格鲁吉亚地区的白绢病菌已对氟酰胺产生了抗药性[4]。相比之下,生物防治具有生态兼容、成本可控和防效持久等优点。木霉、芽孢杆菌、链霉菌等生防菌均被证实对花生白绢病具有良好的防控潜力[5-9],但在实际应用中仍存在防效滞后、稳定性不足及环境适应性有限等技术瓶颈。在此背景下,将生防菌与低剂量化学农药科学配施的“菌药协同”防控策略应运而生。该策略既可利用化学药剂快速抑制早期菌源,又能发挥生防菌持久抑菌与生态调节功能,实现优势互补。菌药协同防控不仅能提升防治效果、减少农药用量,还可延缓抗药性发展、维护生态安全,符合农业绿色高质量发展的政策导向与产业需求[10-12]。因此,开展菌药协同防控花生白绢病的技术研究具有重要的理论意义与应用价值。
伯克霍尔德氏菌属为革兰氏阴性菌,在自然界中分布广泛[13]。该菌在代谢过程中能产生吩嗪类化合物、藤黄绿脓菌素及硝吡咯菌素等多种广谱抑菌活性物质,展现出良好的生防潜力[14-18]。现有研究表明,伯克霍尔德氏菌与噻唑膦联用可协同增强对黄瓜根结线虫的防治效果,但目前尚未见将其与杀菌剂协同用于防控花生白绢病的相关报道[19-20]。本研究通过平板对峙法筛选对花生白绢病菌具有高拮抗活性且与常用商品真菌杀菌剂相容性良好的生防菌株,并系统评价其与杀菌剂协同防治白绢病的效果,以期为该病害的田间绿色防控提供理论依据与技术支撑。
病原菌:齐整小核菌分离自湖南省常德市石门县叶家坪村花生地中具典型白绢病病症的花生病株,保存于湖南省微生物研究所。
生防菌株:H02、20-5-2及21-2-1分离自湖南省郴州市桂东县松林土壤样品;B-001分离自湖南省长沙市宁乡市严重枯萎病烟草田中的健康烟草植株样本;HR2C分离自湖南省岳阳市华容县油菜地土壤样本。上述菌株均保存于湖南省微生物研究所。
96.2%噻呋酰胺(thifluzamide) TC、98%吡唑醚菌酯(pyraclostrobin) TC、95%丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole) TC、24%噻呋酰胺(thifluzamide) SC、80%乙蒜素(ethylicin) EC、50%咯菌腈(fludioxonil) WP、8%宁南霉素(ningnanmycin) AS、30%噁霉灵(hymexazol) AS、75%百菌清(chlorothalonil) WP、50%多菌灵(carbendazim) WP,以上化学杀菌剂均购自北京中保绿农科技集团有限公司。
所用花生品种为‘白沙1016’。
将保存备用菌株划线接种在LB平板上,28 ℃培养。通过平板对峙法评估活化菌株对齐整小核菌的拮抗效果。将活化菌株分别接种至LB液体培养基,28 ℃、180 r/min培养24 h。取直径5 mm的齐整小核菌菌饼接种于PDA培养基中央,距菌饼25 mm处四周各放置滤纸片,分别吸取10 μL菌液至滤纸片上,以无菌水作对照,每处理3次重复,28 ℃培养,观察齐整小核菌生长情况,72 h后测量各处理菌落直径,并按公式(1)计算抑制率。
抑制率=
对照菌落直径(mm)-处理菌落直径(mm)对照菌落直径(mm)-5 (mm)×100%
生防菌株与常见杀菌剂的相容性测定:分别配制含田间推荐浓度化学杀菌剂的LB平板,在平板上接种拮抗效果较好的备选生防菌株,24 h后观察各生防菌株在含药平板上的生长情况,以此初步判定备选生防菌株与供试杀菌剂的相容性。
分别利用16S rRNA基因及gyrBrecA基因的特异性引物(表1)对生防菌株H02的基因组进行PCR扩增[21-22],扩增产物送至生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司进行测序。测序结果在NCBI数据库中进行BLAST比对,用MEGA 11软件以邻接法构建系统发育树,从而确定H02菌株的分类地位。
通过植物致病性检测和体外溶血活性检测评估H02菌株的安全性。植物致病性检测:取株高约15 cm、长势一致的花生幼苗10盆,随机分为2组,处理组于植株根茎部灌施20 mL H02菌悬液(1×108 CFU/mL)[23-24],对照组灌施等量无菌水,置于28 ℃、光周期10 h光照/14 h黑暗条件下培养,连续观察14 d,记录植株是否出现变色、坏死、萎蔫等症状,统计处理组与对照组的株高(茎基部至顶端的长度)、鲜重(拔出后洗净的质量)及根长(茎基部至主根根尖的长度)。体外溶血活性检测:于Columbia和Mueller-Hinton血琼脂平板上划线接种待测菌株H02和阴性对照菌株大肠杆菌DH5α,28 ℃培养48 h后观察菌落周围有无溶血环形成[25-26]
采用菌落生长速率法对杀菌剂进行初筛。分别制备含不同浓度噻呋酰胺、吡唑醚菌酯和丙硫菌唑原药(100、25、5 μg/mL)及市售常见商品杀菌剂(田间推荐浓度及其半量浓度)的PDA平板,将齐整小核菌菌饼接种于含药平板中央,每处理3次重复,置于28 ℃恒温培养箱中培养3 d,定期观察记录菌丝生长情况,计算抑制率,初步筛选出抑制效果较好的杀菌剂。
对初筛所得杀菌剂进行室内毒力测定。基于初筛结果,设置各杀菌剂的一系列浓度梯度并制备相应的含药PDA平板,平板中央接种齐整小核菌,培养3 d后计算抑制率,确定完全抑制菌丝生长的最低浓度。在该浓度范围内选取5个梯度浓度,进一步测定对齐整小核菌的抑制率。最后采用DPS数据处理系统获得杀菌剂的回归方程、EC50值及相关系数R
参考Peng等[27]的方法并略作改进。挑取H02单菌落接种于LB液体培养基中,28 ℃、180 r/min培养12 h作为种子液。种子液按1:100的比例接种于20 mL含系列浓度梯度的咯菌腈或噻呋酰胺(0、50、100、150 μg/mL)的LB液体培养基中,接种后置于28 ℃、180 r/min培养。分别于培养0、6、12、18、24 h时,利用分光光度计测定各处理菌液在600 nm波长下的光密度(OD600),同时吸取1 mL菌液进行系列稀释,取100 µL稀释液涂布于LB平板,24 h后统计菌落数目,计算菌液浓度。
将H02接种于LB液体培养基中,28 ℃、180 r/min培养24 h,8 000 r/min离心10 min后收集上清液,用0.22 μm微孔滤膜过滤去除上清中残存的菌体,制得H02无菌发酵液。分别制备含噻呋酰胺(0.15、0.30 μg/mL)、10% H02无菌发酵液及含噻呋酰胺(0.15、0.30 μg/mL)+10% H02无菌发酵液的复合PDA平板,平板上接种齐整小核菌饼或菌核,3 d后观察并采用公式(2)、(3)分别计算抑制率I及抑制比率(inhibition ratio, IR)IR<1为拮抗作用,IR≥1为加和作用。
I(th)=(a+b)-ab100      
IR=I(ob)I(th)        
式中:I(ob)为复配剂对病原菌的实际抑制率,I(th)为复配剂对病原菌的理论抑制率,ab分别为杀菌剂与无菌发酵液以复配剂中的浓度单独使用时的抑制率。
选取株高约15 cm、长势一致的花生幼苗(盆栽规格:30 cm×20 cm,每盆8株),随机分为5组。除阴性对照外,其余各组均需在距茎基部1 cm处接种病原菌饼(2个/株)。具体处理如下:阴性对照实验过程中不进行任何处理;阳性对照仅接种病原菌;处理1先灌施20 mL H02菌液(1×108 CFU/mL),12 h后接种病原菌,接种病原菌24 h后再灌施20 mL噻呋酰胺(60 μg/mL);处理2仅在接种病原菌24 h后灌施20 mL噻呋酰胺(120 μg/mL);处理3仅灌施20 mL H02菌液(1×108 CFU/mL),12 h后接种病原菌。处理后15 d按公式(4)、(5)分别计算植株的病情指数和防治效果。
病情指数=(各级病株×各级代表)调查总株×最高级代表值×100
防治效果=对照病情指数-处理病情指数对照病情指数×100%
参考李爽等[28]的病害分级标准进行分级:0级,全株无病斑;1级,茎基部出现病斑,茎部病斑不超过植株的1/3;3级,茎基部出现缢缩,茎部病斑不超过植株的1/2,或侧枝枯死;5级,茎部病斑超过植株的1/2,或半数以上叶片轻度凋萎;7级,茎部病斑蔓延至整株,或2/3以上叶片凋萎;9级,病株全部叶片凋萎或枯死。
通过平板对峙法评估生防菌株对齐整小核菌的拮抗效果,结果显示H02、HR2C、B-001、21-2-1及20-5-2均对齐整小核菌表现出较佳拮抗效果(图1),其中H02、B-001、21-2-1、20-5-2及HR2C对齐整小核菌的抑制率分别为76.03%、71.18%、68.82%、49.88%和44.12%。将以上菌株分别接种至含供试杀菌剂的LB平板上进行相容性测定,结果显示H02在所有供试含药平板上均能正常生长(表2),表明其与上述杀菌剂具有较好的相容性。
为明确H02的分类地位,利用16S rRNA基因及gyrBrecA基因的特异性引物对其基因组进行PCR扩增与测序,并将所得序列在NCBI数据库中进行BLAST比对。结果显示,H02的16S rRNA (登录号为PX930850)、gyrB (登录号为PX961912)、recA (登录号为PX970354)基因序列与唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia gladioli)的相应参考序列比对率最高,相似性均达100.00%。基于上述基因序列构建的系统发育树显示,H02与2株Burkholderia gladioli菌株聚类于同一分支(图2)。因此,将菌株H02鉴定为唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌。
花生植株经20 mL浓度为1×108 CFU/mL的H02菌液灌根处理后,在连续14 d的观察期内未表现出任何病理性症状,处理组与对照组的株高、鲜重、根长均无显著差异(表3图3A),表明在供试条件下H02菌株对花生植株无致病性。体外溶血活性检测结果(图3B)显示,H02在Columbia与Mueller-Hinton血琼脂平板上划线培养48 h后菌落周围未形成溶血环,表明其不具备产溶血素能力,对人体相对安全。综合植物致病性检测与体外溶血活性检测结果,初步判定H02在本研究体系中安全性良好。
采用菌丝生长速率法对齐整小核菌进行杀菌剂的初步筛选,结果显示噻呋酰胺、乙蒜素、咯菌腈在供试浓度下对齐整小核菌的抑制率均达100.0% (表4),表现出较好的杀菌作用。进一步对上述3种药剂进行室内毒力测定,计算EC50值。结果显示,噻呋酰胺和咯菌腈的EC50值均低于1.000 µg/mL,分别为0.151 3 µg/mL和0.083 7 µg/mL,而乙蒜素的EC50值最高,为6.944 1 µg/mL (图4表5)。因此,选取EC50值较小的噻呋酰胺和咯菌腈分别与H02进行相容性试验。
测定了H02菌液在含梯度浓度(50、100、150 μg/mL)噻呋酰胺或咯菌腈的LB培养基中的生长情况,以不加药剂组为对照,评估其相容性。结果显示(图5),培养至6 h和12 h时各处理组与对照组的菌液浓度均无显著差异;培养至18 h时,150 μg/mL咯菌腈处理组菌液浓度显著低于对照;培养至24 h时,100 μg/mL和150 μg/mL咯菌腈处理组菌液浓度均显著降低,而各浓度噻呋酰胺处理组与对照组相比仍无显著差异。上述结果表明,随培养时间延长,较高浓度(100 μg/mL和150 μg/mL)的咯菌腈对H02菌体生长具有抑制作用,而噻呋酰胺在实验浓度范围内对H02的生长均无显著影响。因此,选择噻呋酰胺与H02进行下一步复配试验。
室内联合毒力测定结果显示,H02无菌发酵液与0.15 μg/mL或0.30 μg/mL噻呋酰胺复配后对齐整小核菌菌丝生长及菌核萌发的抑制效果均优于相应浓度的单剂处理。所有复配组合的抑制比率(IR)均大于1,表现为加和作用,且0.15 μg/mL噻呋酰胺与无菌发酵液复配后的抑制率(菌丝74.91%、菌核95.58%)显著高于0.30 μg/mL噻呋酰胺单剂处理(菌丝68.04%、菌核83.67%) (表6图6)。上述结果表明,H02无菌发酵液适于与噻呋酰胺联合使用,在保障防治效果的同时能有效降低噻呋酰胺的施用量。
盆栽试验结果(图7图8)表明,H02菌液、噻呋酰胺及复配剂处理均显著降低了花生白绢病的病情指数。阳性对照组病情指数达60.36,先施用H02菌液后补施半剂量噻呋酰胺的复配处理组病情指数最低(18.75),防效最佳,达68.94%;单独施用全剂量噻呋酰胺与单独施用H02菌液的处理组病情指数分别为20.14和23.44,防效分别为66.63%和61.17%。上述结果表明,H02菌株本身具有较强的生防潜力,将其与半剂量噻呋酰胺复配使用可达到与全剂量噻呋酰胺相当的防控效果。
齐整小核菌寄主范围广泛,可侵染500多种植物,涵盖100多科,其菌丝分化形成的菌核抗逆性极强,可在土壤耕作层中存活长达3-5年,单一的防控手段难以实现对该病害的有效治理[29]。采用生防菌与低剂量化学农药协同的综合防控策略,既能增强生防菌的定殖与适应能力,又能减少化学农药用量,延缓病原菌抗药性的发展,实现可持续的防控目标[30-31]。已有研究证实,将生防菌与特定杀菌剂复配可提高对植物白绢病的防治效果,且其协同抑菌效果多优于单一施用生防菌或杀菌剂。例如,贺字典等[32]的研究表明,噻呋酰胺与棘孢木霉或深绿木霉协同施用对北苍术白绢病的田间防效分别达80.76%和78.82%,较单一施用噻呋酰胺分别提升13.36%和10.64%。伍贤进等[33]报道,将250 µg/mL三唑酮溶液与30 g/m2哈茨木霉孢子粉联合施用可显著降低鱼腥草白绢病的发病率并延缓病害发生时间。何俊烺等[34]研究表明,哈茨木霉与啶氧菌酯联用对橡胶榕白绢病菌具显著的协同增效作用。然而,目前相关研究多集中于木霉属真菌与杀菌剂的协同防控,关于其他类型生防菌与杀菌剂协同防治植物白绢病的研究较少。
伯克霍尔德菌属作为一类重要的生防菌,主要通过竞争、拮抗以及诱导植物抗病性等机制发挥防病作用,如吡咯伯克霍尔德菌WY6-5产生的挥发性抑菌物质二甲基二硫可抑制多种植物病原真菌的生长[16];双向伯克霍尔德氏菌XN08产生的强效抗真菌化合物pyrrolnitrin对小麦纹枯病原真菌禾谷丝核菌(Rhizoctonia cerealis)具有拮抗活性[17];唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德氏菌KRS027可通过激活水杨酸、茉莉酸和乙烯依赖的信号通路,诱导植物系统抗性(induced systemic resistance, ISR)[25]。除生物防治功能外,伯克霍尔德菌还被报道具有促生潜力,如伯克霍尔德菌CR318携带编码高亲和力无机磷酸盐转运系统的pstSCAB基因簇,赋予了其较强的溶磷、解钾能力,经该菌株浸种处理后玉米的生长指标与根系发育均得到显著提升[35]。基于其在促生与生防方面的双重功能,伯克霍尔德菌在菌药协同防控体系中显示出良好的应用潜力。已有研究表明,部分伯克霍尔德菌对常用化学农药具有较高耐受性,为其与药剂复配提供了可行性。Pratiksha等[36]报道伯克霍尔德菌I-38对多菌灵等常用农药具有较强耐受性;Omar等[37]发现洋葱伯克霍尔德菌C91与极低浓度多菌灵(1 µg/mL)复配对番茄根腐病的防效提升至46%,显著优于单一处理;扈进冬等[20]将越南伯克霍尔德氏菌B418与噻唑膦复配可明显降低黄瓜根结线虫病情指数,提高噻唑膦对黄瓜根结线虫病的防效。
本研究筛选获得的生防菌株唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌H02对白绢病菌表现出良好的拮抗作用,抑制率为76.03%。相容性测定结果表明,H02对多种杀菌剂均表现出较好的耐受性,且能在高浓度噻呋酰胺(150 µg/mL)中正常生长,这为其协同应用提供了重要依据。室内联合毒力测定与盆栽试验均证实,H02与半剂量噻呋酰胺联用可保持良好防效,支持了伯克霍尔德菌H02与噻呋酰胺协同防控白绢病的可行性。然而,目前关于伯克霍尔德菌与杀菌剂的相容性尚无规律可循,协同增效机理研究较为空白,后续研究需深入解析其协同增效的分子机制,同时优化并推广田间施用技术,促进该策略的应用与实践,为植物病害综合治理提供新的技术路径。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1400905)
  • 国家自然科学基金青年(C类)(32402331)
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2026年第66卷第7期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20260032
  • 接收时间:2026-01-13
  • 首发时间:2026-07-06
  • 出版时间:2026-07-04
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  • 收稿日期:2026-01-13
  • 录用日期:2026-03-04
基金
The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1400905)
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1400905)
The National Natural Science Foundation of China for Young Scholars (Category C)(32402331)
国家自然科学基金青年(C类)(32402331)
作者信息
    1.湖南大学 隆平农学院,湖南 长沙
    2.湖南省微生物研究所,湖南 长沙
    3.湖南省植物保护研究所,湖南 长沙

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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