Article(id=1226136792013914602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1226136782408954119, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250615, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1754496000000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-07, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1760284800000, acceptedDateStr=2025-10-13, onlineDate=1770263391735, onlineDateStr=2026-02-05, pubDate=1770134400000, pubDateStr=2026-02-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770263391735, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770263391735, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770263391735, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1226136782408954119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2026', volume='66', issue='2', pageStart='481', pageEnd='955', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770263389446, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770268138976, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1226156703490683529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1226136782408954119, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1226156703490683530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1226136782408954119, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=659, endPage=680, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1226136793523864073, articleId=1226136792013914602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Foliar application of Bacillus velezensis induces physiological responses and increases the yield of sweet potato by regulating the endophyte community structure and metabolic pathways, columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] To investigate the biostimulatory effects of Bacillus velezensis XZT106 on the tuber crop sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying its yield increase. [Methods] Sweet potato plants were treated by foliar spraying with B. velezensis fermentation broth, with the plants treated with inactivated B. velezensis fermentation broth as the control. We analyzed the chloroplast content, chloroplast ultrastructure, and antioxidant enzyme activity as well as the structure and metabolite composition of endophyte communities in different ecological niches of sweet potato plants to delve into the mechanisms by which B. velezensis fermentation broth increases the sweet potato yield. [Results] Foliar application of B. velezensis increased the sweet potato yield, enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activity in the roots, induced changes of chloroplast ultrastructure, and led to a more compact matrix structure with enlarged intracellular starch granules. In addition, foliar application of B. velezensis caused significant changes of endophyte community structures in various parts of sweet potato plants, significantly reducing the relative abundance of Fusarium and increasing the relative abundance of Pantoea. Moreover, the foliar application significantly altered the metabolome profiles of leaves and soil. Riboflavin metabolism, zeatin biosynthesis, and isoflavone biosynthesis, which regulate growth and enhance stress resistance, were significantly upregulated in leaves. The axon regeneration pathway promoting lateral root development and the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway promoting cell proliferation were significantly upregulated in soil. [Conclusion] B. velezensis fermentation broth exerts a plant growth-promoting effect by enhancing antioxidant capacity, improving leaf cell ultrastructure, reshaping the endophyte community structure, and activating key growth-promoting and stress response metabolic pathways in sweet potato plants. These findings provide a new theoretical foundation for the application of B. velezensis-based microbial inoculants in enhancing the sweet potato yield.

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E-mail: LI Xin,
ZHOU Chi,
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【目的】 探究贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis) XZT106对番薯的生物刺激效应,明确其提升番薯产量的机制。 【方法】 采用叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌发酵液处理植株,以喷施其灭活发酵液处理的植株作为对照。通过分析叶片中的叶绿体含量、叶绿体超微结构及抗氧化相关酶活性,并结合番薯不同生态位的内生菌群落结构及代谢组成,从多维度解析贝莱斯芽孢杆菌菌液处理提升番薯产量的调控机制。 【结果】 叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌提高了番薯产量,增强了根部抗氧化酶活性,诱导叶片叶绿体超微结构发生改变,使基质结构更为致密且胞内淀粉颗粒增大。此外,喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌菌液使番薯各组织部位内生微生物群落结构发生显著改变,镰孢菌属(Fusarium)的相对丰度均显著降低,而泛菌属(Pantoea)显著富集。同时菌液处理还显著改变了叶片和土壤的代谢组谱。叶片中调控生长和增强抗逆性的核黄素代谢、玉米素生物合成及异黄酮生物合成途径显著上调。土壤中促进侧根发育的轴突再生通路和促进细胞增殖的甘油磷脂代谢通路显著上调。 【结论】 本研究表明贝莱斯芽孢杆菌发酵液通过增强抗氧化能力、改善叶片细胞超微结构、重塑番薯内生菌群结构、激活关键促生与胁迫响应代谢通路共同起到促生效果,为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌微生物制剂在番薯增产中的应用提供了新的理论依据。

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作者贡献声明

陶禹:研究设计和论文修改;彭征宇:初稿撰写和数据处理;黄婵婵:论文修改和数据收集;彭迪:监督管理和项目管理;周池:提供技术支持和审阅;李鑫:提供研究思路和技术支持。

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A: Comparison of sweet potato yield before and after treatment with Bacillus velezensis suspension (ns: P>0.05; *: P<0.05; ***: P<0.001); B: Comparative bar graph of leaf chlorophyll content between control and B. velezensis-treated groups; C: Bar graph depicting root antioxidant enzyme activities in control and treated groups; D: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images comparing chloroplast ultrastructure in leaves of control and B. velezensis-treated plants; E: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images comparing the ultrastructure of starch grains in leaves of control plants and plants treated with B. velezensis., figureFileSmall=J7mpLUbZYBTehkKV+2/rKA==, figureFileBig=DNollk/u2ps5EJ0SZFSy/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226195555483824494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=CN, label=图1, caption=番薯产量及生理生化指标测定。A:施加贝莱斯菌液前后番薯产量对比图(ns:P>0.05;*:P<0.05;***:P<0.001);B:叶片叶绿素检测对比柱状图;C:根部抗氧化酶活性柱状图;D:对照组和处理组叶绿体透射电镜对比图;E:对照组和处理组淀粉粒透射电镜对比图。, figureFileSmall=J7mpLUbZYBTehkKV+2/rKA==, figureFileBig=DNollk/u2ps5EJ0SZFSy/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226195555647402365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Detection of sweet potato endophytic microbiota diversity. A: Bar plots depicting alpha diversity indices of endophytic microbial communities; B: Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) plot illustrating beta diversity of endophytic microbial communities. CK: Control group; T: Treatment group-sprayed with Bacillus velezensis XZT106 suspension on leaves., figureFileSmall=iSOo3Ka/YWuWzcA+sEPViw==, figureFileBig=PnrV9//hw2Psuo/Yw0vZ/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226195555781620099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=CN, label=图2, caption=内生菌群多样性检测。A:内生菌群α多样性柱状图;B:内生菌群β多样性PCoA图。CK:对照组;T:贝莱斯芽孢杆菌XZT106叶片喷施组。, figureFileSmall=iSOo3Ka/YWuWzcA+sEPViw==, figureFileBig=PnrV9//hw2Psuo/Yw0vZ/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226195555924226447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Composition and differential analysis of plant endophytic microbial communities. A: Column chart showing the relative abundance of endophytic bacterial species in three ecological niches of sweet potatoes; B: Identification of discriminatory taxa characteristic of each niche using LEfSe analysis (LDA effect size); C: Venn diagrams illustrating the distribution of shared and unique bacterial and fungal OTU within the leaf endophytic communities between control and treated groups., figureFileSmall=8A+reDFnrhPrp3Ld/9riXg==, figureFileBig=7FzMzv0+EcFZJCEz7nFmCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226195556033278358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=CN, label=图3, caption=植株内生菌群落组成及差异分析。A:番薯3个生态位内生菌群物种相对丰度柱状图;B:LEfSe筛选3个生态位特征微生物;C:叶片内生细菌与真菌群落在对照组与处理组间的OTU共有与特有分布情况。, figureFileSmall=8A+reDFnrhPrp3Ld/9riXg==, figureFileBig=7FzMzv0+EcFZJCEz7nFmCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226195556163301791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Soil metabolomic analysis. A: Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) score plot of soil metabolites; B: Volcano plot visualizing differential soil metabolites; C: Variable importance in projection (VIP) score analysis of differential soil metabolites; D: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment bubble plot. DA score: Differential abundance score. A score of +1 indicates all annotated differential metabolites within the pathway exhibit an upregulated expression trend; A score of -1 indicates all annotated differential metabolites within the pathway exhibit a downregulated expression trend. Bubble size represents the number of differential metabolites annotated to the pathway., figureFileSmall=gPUyCO083XVyTyErzdULAQ==, figureFileBig=8I4SFlL9NZTA8W9VFtq5+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226195556322685353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=CN, label=图4, caption=土壤代谢组学分析。A:土壤代谢物PLS-DA图;B:土壤代谢组火山差异图;C:土壤差异代谢物VIP值分析;D:KEGG代谢通路富集气泡图。DA score表示差异丰度得分,得分1表示该通路中所有注释到的差异代谢物表达趋势上调,-1表示该通路中所有注释到的差异代谢物表达趋势下调,圆点的大小表示该通路中注释到的差异代谢物数量。, figureFileSmall=gPUyCO083XVyTyErzdULAQ==, figureFileBig=8I4SFlL9NZTA8W9VFtq5+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226195556423348656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Differential analysis of leaf metabolome. A: Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) score plot of leaf metabolites; B: Volcano plot visualizing differential leaf metabolites; C: Variable importance in projection (VIP) score plot of differential leaf metabolites; D: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment bubble plot., figureFileSmall=dd4o+H2v7ZjrOHsgz1o8xw==, figureFileBig=/scx0Aq4zyloXvTAVztKaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226195556557566393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=CN, label=图5, caption=叶片代谢组差异分析。A:叶片代谢物PLS-DA图;B:叶片代谢组火山差异图;C:叶片代谢组差异代谢物VIP值图;D:KEGG代谢通路富集气泡图。, figureFileSmall=dd4o+H2v7ZjrOHsgz1o8xw==, figureFileBig=/scx0Aq4zyloXvTAVztKaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226195556725338563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Correlation analysis between differential metabolites and endogenous bacteria. A: Heatmap of correlation between the top 50 most abundant soil metabolites and the top 50 most abundant storage root endophytic bacteria; B: Heatmap of correlation between the top 44 most abundant leaves metabolites and the top 50 most abundant storage leaves endophytic bacteria (*: P<0.05; **: P<0.01; ***: P<0.001)., figureFileSmall=ZVKFRiCDhVylEzMm2TjgcA==, figureFileBig=ybmE0qyezTBax6t58YOyDg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226195556863750603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=CN, label=图6, caption=差异代谢物与内生细菌的相关性分析。A:土壤排名前50丰度代谢物与块根排名前50丰度内生细菌的相关性关联热图;B:叶片代谢组丰度排名前44代谢物和叶片相对丰度排名前50内生细菌的相关性热图(*:P<0.05;**:P<0.01;***:P<0.001)。, figureFileSmall=ZVKFRiCDhVylEzMm2TjgcA==, figureFileBig=ybmE0qyezTBax6t58YOyDg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226195557018939863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Table of top 10 differentially expressed metabolites in soil metabolomics

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

代谢物

Metabolite

偏最小二乘判别分析VIP值

VIP_PLS-DA

差异显著性P

P_value

对数的差异表达倍数

log2 fold change

芸草苷I

Rubianoside I

5.361 96.083×10-6-1.408 0

3-呋喃甲醇葡萄糖苷

3-furanmethanol glucoside

5.344 71.139×10-20-1.405 5

氧嘧啶

Oxaline

5.233 21.130×10-5-1.797 9

伊利胞苷

Ilicifolinoside A

5.142 81.657×10-181.167 8

阿拉伯糖基次黄嘌呤

Arabinosylhypoxanthine

4.693 29.477×10-9-1.455 7

2′-脱氧-2-氟胞苷

2′-deoxy-2′-fluorocytidine

4.614 21.693×10-5-1.702 0

甘油素2

Glyceollin II

4.471 51.377×10-13-1.122 5

组氨酰缬氨酸

Histidylvaline

3.940 85.553×10-42.096 8

毛蕊花糖苷

Verbasoside

3.420 58.121×10-4-1.176 1

N-(2-羟基-2-萘-1-乙基)-3-苯基磺酰丙酰胺

N-(2-hydroxy-2-naphthalen-1-ylethyl)-3-phenylsulfanylpropanamide

3.200 07.669×10-4-1.183 9
), ArticleFig(id=1226195557115408864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

土壤代谢组排名前10差异代谢物表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

代谢物

Metabolite

偏最小二乘判别分析VIP值

VIP_PLS-DA

差异显著性P

P_value

对数的差异表达倍数

log2 fold change

芸草苷I

Rubianoside I

5.361 96.083×10-6-1.408 0

3-呋喃甲醇葡萄糖苷

3-furanmethanol glucoside

5.344 71.139×10-20-1.405 5

氧嘧啶

Oxaline

5.233 21.130×10-5-1.797 9

伊利胞苷

Ilicifolinoside A

5.142 81.657×10-181.167 8

阿拉伯糖基次黄嘌呤

Arabinosylhypoxanthine

4.693 29.477×10-9-1.455 7

2′-脱氧-2-氟胞苷

2′-deoxy-2′-fluorocytidine

4.614 21.693×10-5-1.702 0

甘油素2

Glyceollin II

4.471 51.377×10-13-1.122 5

组氨酰缬氨酸

Histidylvaline

3.940 85.553×10-42.096 8

毛蕊花糖苷

Verbasoside

3.420 58.121×10-4-1.176 1

N-(2-羟基-2-萘-1-乙基)-3-苯基磺酰丙酰胺

N-(2-hydroxy-2-naphthalen-1-ylethyl)-3-phenylsulfanylpropanamide

3.200 07.669×10-4-1.183 9
), ArticleFig(id=1226195557245432300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Table of top 10 differentially expressed metabolites in leaf metabolism

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

代谢物

Metabolite

偏最小二乘判别分析VIP值

VIP_PLS-DA

差异显著性P

P_value

对数的差异表达倍数

log2 fold change

二甲胺四环素

Minocycline

3.700 93.272×10-15-4.563 6

1-(5-苯基噁唑-3-基)环丙烷羧酸

1-(5-phenyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid

3.369 77.649×10-17-3.190 2

乳胞素

Lactacystin

3.273 27.690×10-15-3.290 6

ε-己内酰胺

Epsilon-caprolactam

3.269 79.591×10-7-3.419 3

Rac-4-羟基-4-O-(β-d-葡萄糖醛酸酯)-全反式视黄醇乙酸酯

Rac-4-hydroxy-4-O-(beta-d-glucuronide)-all-trans-retinyl acetate

3.254 03.604×10-23-2.757 5

2-(乙酰氨基)-1,5-脱水-2-脱氧-3-O-β-d-半乳糖吡喃糖基-d-阿拉伯糖-己-1-烯醇

2-(acetylamino)-1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-d-arabino-hex-1-enitol

3.219 68.002×10-122.237 4

1-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-2-(4-嘧啶-2-基哌嗪-1-基)乙醇

1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-pyrimidin-2-Ylpiperazin-1-Yl) ethanol

3.154 31.649×10-62.438 8

色醇

Tryptophol

3.140 82.934×10-22-3.466 0

丙戊酸β-d-葡糖苷酸

Valproic acid beta-d-glucuronide

3.106 45.803×10-20-2.421 6

山奈酚-3-O-葡萄糖(1-2)鼠李糖苷

Kaempferol-3-O-glucosyl(1-2) rhamnoside

3.104 61.572×10-62.750 8
), ArticleFig(id=1226195557367067123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226136792013914602, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

叶片代谢组排名前10的差异代谢物表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

代谢物

Metabolite

偏最小二乘判别分析VIP值

VIP_PLS-DA

差异显著性P

P_value

对数的差异表达倍数

log2 fold change

二甲胺四环素

Minocycline

3.700 93.272×10-15-4.563 6

1-(5-苯基噁唑-3-基)环丙烷羧酸

1-(5-phenyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid

3.369 77.649×10-17-3.190 2

乳胞素

Lactacystin

3.273 27.690×10-15-3.290 6

ε-己内酰胺

Epsilon-caprolactam

3.269 79.591×10-7-3.419 3

Rac-4-羟基-4-O-(β-d-葡萄糖醛酸酯)-全反式视黄醇乙酸酯

Rac-4-hydroxy-4-O-(beta-d-glucuronide)-all-trans-retinyl acetate

3.254 03.604×10-23-2.757 5

2-(乙酰氨基)-1,5-脱水-2-脱氧-3-O-β-d-半乳糖吡喃糖基-d-阿拉伯糖-己-1-烯醇

2-(acetylamino)-1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-d-arabino-hex-1-enitol

3.219 68.002×10-122.237 4

1-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-2-(4-嘧啶-2-基哌嗪-1-基)乙醇

1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-pyrimidin-2-Ylpiperazin-1-Yl) ethanol

3.154 31.649×10-62.438 8

色醇

Tryptophol

3.140 82.934×10-22-3.466 0

丙戊酸β-d-葡糖苷酸

Valproic acid beta-d-glucuronide

3.106 45.803×10-20-2.421 6

山奈酚-3-O-葡萄糖(1-2)鼠李糖苷

Kaempferol-3-O-glucosyl(1-2) rhamnoside

3.104 61.572×10-62.750 8
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叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌提升番薯产量的生理响应及内生菌-代谢通路调控机制
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陶禹 , 彭征宇 , 黄婵婵 , 彭迪 , 周池 , 李鑫
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2026,66(2): 659-680
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2026, 66(2): 659-680
叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌提升番薯产量的生理响应及内生菌-代谢通路调控机制
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陶禹, 彭征宇, 黄婵婵, 彭迪, 周池 , 李鑫
作者信息
  • 湖南省微生物研究所 植物内生微生物资源挖掘与利用湖南省工程研究中心,湖南 长沙
Foliar application of Bacillus velezensis induces physiological responses and increases the yield of sweet potato by regulating the endophyte community structure and metabolic pathways
Yu TAO, Zhengyu PENG, Chanchan HUANG, Di PENG, Chi ZHOU , Xin LI
Affiliations
  • Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Mining and Utilization of Endophytic Microbial Resources in Plants, Hunan Provincial Microbiology Research Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China
出版时间: 2026-02-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250615
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【目的】 探究贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis) XZT106对番薯的生物刺激效应,明确其提升番薯产量的机制。 【方法】 采用叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌发酵液处理植株,以喷施其灭活发酵液处理的植株作为对照。通过分析叶片中的叶绿体含量、叶绿体超微结构及抗氧化相关酶活性,并结合番薯不同生态位的内生菌群落结构及代谢组成,从多维度解析贝莱斯芽孢杆菌菌液处理提升番薯产量的调控机制。 【结果】 叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌提高了番薯产量,增强了根部抗氧化酶活性,诱导叶片叶绿体超微结构发生改变,使基质结构更为致密且胞内淀粉颗粒增大。此外,喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌菌液使番薯各组织部位内生微生物群落结构发生显著改变,镰孢菌属(Fusarium)的相对丰度均显著降低,而泛菌属(Pantoea)显著富集。同时菌液处理还显著改变了叶片和土壤的代谢组谱。叶片中调控生长和增强抗逆性的核黄素代谢、玉米素生物合成及异黄酮生物合成途径显著上调。土壤中促进侧根发育的轴突再生通路和促进细胞增殖的甘油磷脂代谢通路显著上调。 【结论】 本研究表明贝莱斯芽孢杆菌发酵液通过增强抗氧化能力、改善叶片细胞超微结构、重塑番薯内生菌群结构、激活关键促生与胁迫响应代谢通路共同起到促生效果,为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌微生物制剂在番薯增产中的应用提供了新的理论依据。

贝莱斯芽孢杆菌  /  番薯  /  代谢组  /  内生菌

[Objective] To investigate the biostimulatory effects of Bacillus velezensis XZT106 on the tuber crop sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying its yield increase. [Methods] Sweet potato plants were treated by foliar spraying with B. velezensis fermentation broth, with the plants treated with inactivated B. velezensis fermentation broth as the control. We analyzed the chloroplast content, chloroplast ultrastructure, and antioxidant enzyme activity as well as the structure and metabolite composition of endophyte communities in different ecological niches of sweet potato plants to delve into the mechanisms by which B. velezensis fermentation broth increases the sweet potato yield. [Results] Foliar application of B. velezensis increased the sweet potato yield, enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activity in the roots, induced changes of chloroplast ultrastructure, and led to a more compact matrix structure with enlarged intracellular starch granules. In addition, foliar application of B. velezensis caused significant changes of endophyte community structures in various parts of sweet potato plants, significantly reducing the relative abundance of Fusarium and increasing the relative abundance of Pantoea. Moreover, the foliar application significantly altered the metabolome profiles of leaves and soil. Riboflavin metabolism, zeatin biosynthesis, and isoflavone biosynthesis, which regulate growth and enhance stress resistance, were significantly upregulated in leaves. The axon regeneration pathway promoting lateral root development and the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway promoting cell proliferation were significantly upregulated in soil. [Conclusion] B. velezensis fermentation broth exerts a plant growth-promoting effect by enhancing antioxidant capacity, improving leaf cell ultrastructure, reshaping the endophyte community structure, and activating key growth-promoting and stress response metabolic pathways in sweet potato plants. These findings provide a new theoretical foundation for the application of B. velezensis-based microbial inoculants in enhancing the sweet potato yield.

Bacillus velezensis  /  sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)  /  metabolome  /  endophytes
陶禹, 彭征宇, 黄婵婵, 彭迪, 周池, 李鑫. 叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌提升番薯产量的生理响应及内生菌-代谢通路调控机制. 微生物学报, 2026 , 66 (2) : 659 -680 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250615
Yu TAO, Zhengyu PENG, Chanchan HUANG, Di PENG, Chi ZHOU, Xin LI. Foliar application of Bacillus velezensis induces physiological responses and increases the yield of sweet potato by regulating the endophyte community structure and metabolic pathways[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2026 , 66 (2) : 659 -680 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250615
番薯[Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]是中国重要的粮食与饲料兼用作物[1-2],具有强适应性和抗逆性[3],在保障粮食安全、推动农业经济发展中扮演着重要角色。中国作为全球主要的番薯生产国,其产量占世界总产量的34.38%[4]。然而,种植面积缩减、长期连作引发的土壤退化以及病害蔓延等问题,严重制约了番薯产量的稳定提升。传统化学制剂虽能显著提高产量,但因存在环境污染与生态风险,其应用模式难以持续[5]。在此背景下,微生物菌剂凭借其环境友好特性,成为实现可持续增产的关键途径[6]。其中贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)因兼具生防与促生双重功能成为研究热点[7]。贝莱斯芽孢杆菌是革兰氏阳性菌[8],能够分泌多种次生代谢产物直接抑制病原菌[9-11],产生生长素吲哚-3-乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)、铁载体及1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, ACC)脱氨酶等物质,促进植物生长[12]。此外,其双组分调控系统ResDE可耐受植物免疫产生的活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS),从而在植株内生微环境中稳定存活[13],这为菌株持续发挥功能提供了保障。这种“抗病-促生”双效特性使贝莱斯芽孢杆菌成为开发功能微生物产品的理想候选菌株。
植株叶片是光合作用的主要器官,其细胞内的叶绿体作为承担光能捕获与物质转化核心任务的“精密工厂”,其超微结构的变化密切调控着光合性能。在春玉米中优化水肥管理能够使穗位叶叶绿体淀粉粒膨大且数量增多,同时基质排列规则,各部分紧密相连,促进Rubisco等[14]碳同化酶的空间聚集,加速卡尔文循环,最终提升干物质积累率,有利于春玉米的高效生产。此外,植物叶片也是微生物-植物互作的关键界面。叶片中的内生菌可直接或间接调控宿主生理[15-17]。例如,光合细菌类球红细菌(Rhodobacter sphaeroides)通过上调AtHMP23,显著减少铅/锌在拟南芥叶片中的积累,并抑制叶绿素降解基因AtSGR1/2表达,维持光合系统稳定性[18];芽孢杆菌属可以通过分泌ACC脱氨酶降低乙烯水平,缓解盐胁迫导致的叶片黄化等[19]。目前,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌的根际促生机制已有较深入研究[20-22],但其对植物内生微生物群落的跨区室调控、代谢组重塑机制及生理响应级联效应仍缺乏多维度论证。植物与微生物的互作通过代谢物交换实现信号传递与调控。在土壤微生态中贝莱斯芽孢杆菌SQR9通过分泌代谢物招募根际土著菌施氏假单胞菌(Pseudomonasstutzeri),形成生物膜并共享支链氨基酸,协同增强植物抗逆性[23]。在叶片微生态中微生物代谢物(如铁载体、酚酸)通过调控植物内源激素信号通路,重塑宿主的代谢网络[24]。这种代谢层面的“对话”为解析植物-微生物共生机制提供分子基础。此外,叶际菌群还可以通过信号物质远程调控根际群落。叶际菌群可以激活植物系统抗性(induced systemic resistance, ISR),诱导水杨酸(salicylic acid, SA)和茉莉酸(jasmonate, JA)通路信号分子经维管束向根系传递,调控根际菌群结构与防御基因表达[25]。综上所述,叶片内微生物可通过调控植物基因表达或分泌代谢物以重塑宿主代谢网络,并与根际微生物形成跨区室互作及协同效应。然而,这种跨区室调控对宿主整体生理(如养分吸收等)的影响仍需实验验证。
为解析贝莱斯芽孢杆菌在叶-茎-根中的迁移影响及其代谢调控网络,揭示跨区室互作对提升番薯产量的贡献机制,本研究通过叶面喷施芽孢杆菌发酵液,结合16S rRNA基因和ITS扩增子测序、非靶向代谢组学与生理指标,解析番薯内生菌群结构演变、代谢调控及抗逆促生机制,以期为番薯抗逆增产及芽孢杆菌微生物制剂开发提供新的理论支撑。
供试甘薯品种为‘爆皮王甘薯’。试验所用菌株为本课题组保存的内生贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis) XZT106。该菌株从西藏山南市健康番茄根系中分离获得:将番茄根系样品经流水冲洗后,依次使用75%乙醇和2.5%次氯酸钠溶液进行表面消毒,并用无菌水冲洗残余消毒剂;将最后一遍冲洗用的无菌水涂布于PDA平板作为对照,确保无微生物生长,以证明消毒彻底。将消毒后的根系研磨,通过梯度稀释(10-1-10-7)涂布于LB培养基,28 ℃培养3 d后,挑取形态差异明显的单菌落经多次划线纯化,最终获得纯培养的细菌菌落。经16S rRNA基因序列分析(数据已提交国家微生物科学数据中心,编号为NMDCX0002187)鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),并保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏号为CCTCC M 2025518。
将XZT106菌株在LB平板培养基上活化后,挑取单菌落接种于LB液体培养基中,37 ℃、300 r/min振荡培养12 h,所得培养液即为发酵液。
本研究通过田间试验评估叶面喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis) XZT106发酵液对番薯生长的影响。试验在统一的田间管理与常规化肥施用基础上进行,设置2组处理:菌株XZT106发酵液经稀释,配制成浓度约1×107 CFU/mL的菌悬液用于喷施;处理组(XZT106)叶面喷施活菌发酵液,对照组(CK)喷施等量灭活发酵液(121 ℃、20 min)。2组处理均在番薯移栽后28 d (蔓长期)、61 d (块根膨大期)和97 d (接近成熟期)进行叶片喷施,每小区每次喷施量为10 L。每个处理设3个重复,采用随机区组排列。试验小区长20 m、宽1.4 m,对照和处理之间设有0.5 m宽的缓冲带。块根、叶片、藤蔓、土壤所有实验样本均在移栽后116 d取样并保存。
将对照组和处理组的块根、藤蔓、叶片部位取样消毒后送上海美吉生物医药科技有限公司进行内生微生物检测,每组每部位设3个生物学重复。番薯内生细菌16S rRNA基因高变区域V3-V4扩增所用引物为F (5′-CADACTCCT ACGGGAGGC-3′)和R (5′-ATCCTGTTTGMTM CCCVCRC-3′);内生真菌ITS区扩增所用引物为F (5′-CTTGGTCATTTAGAGGAAGTAA-3′)和R (5′-TGCGTTCTTCATCGATGC-3′)[26]。PCR扩增实验委托上海美吉生物医药科技有限公司进行。PCR反应体系:2×Phanta Max Master Mix (Dye Plus) 12.5 μL,上、下游引物(10 μmol/L)各0.5 μL,DNA模板1 μL,用ddH2O补足至25 μL。PCR扩增程序:95 ℃ 3 min;95 ℃ 15 s,59 ℃ 20 s,72 ℃ 40 s,共38个循环;72 ℃ 10 min。16S rRNA基因和ITS高通量测序均委托上海美吉生物医药科技有限公司进行。PCR产物经检测后,采用DNA纯化试剂盒(Omega Bio-Tek公司)纯化,收集纯化后的PCR产物在Illumina NovaSeq 6000平台上进行双端测序(2×250 bp)。
委托上海美吉生物医药科技有限公司对样本进行代谢组学分析。按照甘薯样品制备步骤提取代谢组分析样本[27],采用超高效液相色谱串联傅里叶变换质谱UHPLC-Q Exactive HF-X (ThermoFisher Scientific公司)对样本进行LC-MS/MS检测分析。将LC-MS原始数据导入Progenesis Ql进行峰提取、峰对齐等数据处理,同时将MS和MSMS质谱信息与代谢公共数据库HMDB和METLIN以及美吉自建库进行匹配,在美吉云平台进行预处理、去缺失、归一化、删除变量、log10对数化等数据处理后得到用于后续分析的数据矩阵。
在每个试验小区中选取长势一致、无病害、有代表性的番薯。分别记录番薯中各级薯的总质量和总数量,按公式(1)计算产量。
番薯产量(kg/ha)=平均单株薯数×平均单株薯重×每公顷栽插密度[28]
按照抗氧化酶活性及相关指标的测定方法,分别测定超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)的活性以及丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)的含量[29]。采用比色法测定番薯叶片叶绿素含量。在田间各实验小区选取生长位点一致、无病斑的健康鲜叶,用无水乙醇提取叶片光合色素,使用紫外分光光度计分别测定提取液在665、649和470 nm波长下的吸光值(A)[30]。参照苹果叶片透射电镜观察方法对番薯叶片鲜样进行细胞结构超微观测[31]
使用Excel 2019进行试验数据的统计整理,使用Prism进行单因素方差分析、Student’s t检验。采用Trimmomatic过滤raw reads,经DADA2去噪、聚类及去除嵌合体后[32],通过USEARCH以97%相似度聚类生成操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit, OTU)[33];基于OTU数据进行微生物多样性分析,利用R软件包vegan分析微生物α多样性,基于Bray-Curtis距离矩阵进行PCoA可视化及PERMANOVA组间差异检验,并通过R语言microeco包进行线性判别分析效应大小(linear discriminant analysis effect size, LEfSe)鉴别群落间的关键差异物种,用linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score量化物种在不同组间差异中的重要性,确定LDA score>4、P<0.05的代谢物为关键差异物种。代谢组数据经R语言的ropls包对预处理后的数据矩阵进行PCA/PLS-DA分析(7次交叉验证),根据VIP值和P值确定显著差异代谢物,筛选VIP>1且P<0.05的差异代谢物,经KEGG通路注释后,使用Python软件包scipy.stats进行通路富集分析,并通过Fisher精确检验获得与实验处理最相关的生物学途径。
番薯叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌后,植株在生长期间表现出显著的生长优势(数据已提交国家微生物科学数据中心,编号为NMDCX0002188)。处理组植株生长整齐,叶色浓绿,叶片平展且分布均匀,枯黄叶与破损叶较少;而对照组植株长势相对较弱,生长较为稀疏,且叶片存在明显的枯黄与破损现象。对成熟番薯果实取样拍照并测定单果质量和总产量(图1A),结果发现叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌后能提高番薯果实的产量,单果质量和总产量分别提高了40.52%和93.02%。这表明对番薯植株叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌菌液可有效促进番薯生长。
测定叶片的叶绿素含量、根部多种抗氧化酶活性(图1B1C)发现,处理组叶片叶绿素a及叶绿素b含量略有提升,但未产生显著性差异。根部抗氧化酶活性在施加菌液后均极显著增加,超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)、丙二醛(melondialdehyde, MDA)的活性分别提高了67.78%、24.74%、29.25%、30.83%。透射电镜观察喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌菌液前后叶片细胞(图1D1E)发现,处理组叶片的叶绿体基粒片层类囊体叠垛清晰整齐,结构更致密,细胞中淀粉颗粒增大。
对番薯不同生态位(块根、藤蔓、叶片)的对照组(CK)和处理组(Tr)内生菌群落OTU进行多样性分析。结果显示,3个生态位在施加贝莱斯菌液前后的α多样性(Shannon指数)均未产生显著性变化(图2A),表明菌液处理未显著改变群落物种丰富度与均匀度。用Bray-Curtis评估微生物群落距离,从β多样性聚类图可观察到(图2B),藤蔓和叶片处理组与对照组内生细菌群落聚类在PC1坐标上均明显分离,说明菌液处理显著重塑了细菌群落结构。块根细菌及所有生态位真菌群落未发生显著变化,表明贝莱斯菌液处理对番薯内生真菌群落影响较小,且对地上部分内生细菌群落结构具有选择性调控作用。
在属水平上对物种相对丰度进行比较分析(图3A),结果显示叶片和藤蔓中的优势内生细菌均为蓝藻门(Chloroplast)。处理组3个生态位的泛菌属(Pantoea)相对丰度均显著增加,块根部的克罗彭斯特德菌属(Kroppenstedtia)也呈上升趋势,同时,3个生态位的内生真菌镰孢菌属(Fusarium)相对丰度均显著低于对照组。基于LEfSe分析(LDA score>4),在属水平进一步识别3个生态位中具有显著差异的内生菌特征类群(图3B),结果表明仅藤蔓和叶片中存在显著变化的特征菌群。在藤蔓组织内生菌群中对照组以假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和贪噬菌属(Variovorax)为主要特征类群,而处理组中则以norank_o__Chloroplast和泛菌属为主要特征类群,且叶片在施加菌液后增加了特征微生物泛菌属。OTU水平分析结果显示(图3C),叶片内生细菌群落共有OTU比例(65.43%)显著高于内生真菌群落(44.04%),说明细菌群落能够维持较高的群落结构完整性,具有更强的环境适应性和抗干扰能力。综上所述,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌处理改变了内生细菌群落结构,选择性富集泛菌属并显著抑制镰孢菌属生长。
对处理组和对照组根际土壤的代谢组学进行分析,通过聚类、主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析计算P值(PLS-DA),发现对照组与处理组的土壤样本代谢组存在显著差异(图4A)。对照组和代谢组共检测出3 587种代谢物,其中925种代谢物差异显著,上调(处理组>对照组)代谢物389种,下调(处理组<对照组)代谢物536种(图4B)。进一步筛选(P<0.001、VIP>2、|log2 fold change|>1)确定了排名前10的差异代谢物(表1),通过分析差异代谢物表达量趋势变化(图4C)发现:相对于对照组,处理组中下调影响最大的差异代谢物是芸草苷I (rubianoside I),上调影响最大的差异代谢物是伊利胞苷(ilicifolinoside A)。这表明菌液处理对土壤代谢网络具有显著调控作用。
土壤代谢通路富集分析发现(图4D),核心下调通路为亚油酸代谢(linoleic acid metabolism)、α亚麻酸代谢(alpha-linolenic acid metabolism)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体信号通路(PPAR signaling pathway);显著上调通路为轴突再生(axon regeneration)、GnRH信号通路(GnRH signaling pathway)、卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒感染(Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection)。此外,甘油磷脂代谢(glycerophospholipid metabolism)注释到了最多的差异代谢物,14种差异代谢物整体显著上调7.27%;其次为ABC转运通路(ABC transporters),13种差异代谢物整体显著下调21.88%。施加菌液处理可能通过调控关键通路显著影响土壤中的代谢过程。
对处理组和对照组叶片的代谢组学进行分析。PLS-DA分析发现不同处理下的叶片样本代谢组存在极显著差异,在占比81.50%的PC1坐标上显著分离(图5A)。对照组和代谢组叶片共检测出3 587种代谢物,其中1 185种代谢物存在显著差异,其中上调(处理组>对照组)代谢物496种,下调(处理组<对照组)代谢物689种,且相对于土壤代谢组,叶片的代谢物在施加贝莱斯菌剂后分离程度更大(图5B)。进一步筛选(P<0.001、VIP>2、|log2 fold change|>2)确定了排名前10的差异代谢物(表2),相对于对照组,处理组下调程度最大的差异代谢物是二甲胺四环素(minocycline),上调影响最大的是2-(acetylamino)-1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-d-arabino-hex-1-enitol (图5C)。
对叶片代谢通路进行集富分析(图5D),发现核心下调通路为氧化磷酸化(oxidative phosphorylation)、原核碳固定途径(carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes)、柠檬酸盐循环(TCA循环) [citrate cycle (TCA cycle)];显著上调通路为核黄素代谢(riboflavin metabolism)、异黄酮生物合成(isoflavonoid biosynthesis)、玉米素生物合成(zeatin biosynthesis)。在所有差异丰度下调的通路中,辅助因子的生物合成(biosynthesis of cofactors)注释到最多的差异代谢物(15种代谢物整体下调11.86%)。施加菌液可能抑制叶片核心代谢通路及辅因子合成,同时激活特定次级代谢通路,影响植物生长发育与抗病响应。
选择OTU丰度排名前50的块根内生细菌种属和土壤中含量排名前50的代谢物进行相关性分析(图6A),发现与土壤代谢组关联性最强的3个假单胞菌门细菌:金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium)、无色杆菌属(Achromobacter)和动胶菌属(Zoogloea)。其中,无色杆菌属和动胶菌属与特定土壤代谢物呈显著正相关,包括:提高植株防虫防御能力的萜类化合物心耳素(auriculin)和脂肪酸过氧化物13-HPODE、具有抗氧化功能的大豆甾醇A (soyasapogenol A)、与细胞结构合成相关的脂肪酸(R)-2-hydroxystearic acid以及多种碳水化合物:水苏糖(stachyose)、海藻糖(trehalose)等。对OTU丰度排名前50的叶片内生细菌种属和叶片中含量排名前44的代谢物进行相关性分析(图6B),发现筛选到与叶片代谢组改变关联性最强的3个叶片内生细菌属:norank-o-Chloroplast以及假单胞菌门(Pseudomonadota)的泥单胞菌属(Pelomonas)、泛菌属(Pantoea)。在与叶片内生细菌相关性最强的代谢物中,花生四烯酸代谢通路中的2,3-二醇-8-表前列腺素F1α (2,3-dinor-8-iso prostaglandin F1 alpha)与10种内生菌显著相关。泥单胞菌属(Pelomonas)与黄酮类物质商陆黄素-3-O-硫酸酯(ombuin 3-O-sulfate)、槲皮素、椴树苷呈显著正相关。这表明功能菌可通过差异代谢通路调控胁迫响应代谢物的表达。
微生物菌剂作为绿色防控的核心载体,可通过抗病防虫、固氮解磷施钾以及分泌促生物质等方式直接促作物生长,并改善土壤微生态,从而有效减少化学制剂投入,显著提升作物产量与品质[34]。本研究基于微生物群落结构变化、代谢组学、微生物-代谢物关联性以及生理指标分析,揭示了叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌通过“地上-地下”跨区室协同机制,显著增强番薯的病原菌拮抗能力与系统促生效能。
本研究发现,叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌后显著提升了番薯产量,且明显增强了根部抗氧化酶活性,有效缓解氧化损伤。尽管叶片叶绿素含量未显著增加(P=0.05-0.06),但叶绿体超微结构显示其基粒片层类囊体叠垛整齐,结构更致密,能够显著提升净光合速率,直接促进干物质积累,进而提升总产量[35]。此外,胞内淀粉颗粒增大,能够延长光合产物的暂存时间,为夜间或淀粉类作物的库器官(如块根、籽粒)提供持续碳源,进而促进产量提升。淀粉合成关键基因的表达水平与叶片光合干物质积累量也呈显著正相关,从而维持块根产量提升[36]。其叶绿素含量变化不显著可能与检测时间未覆盖光合作用响应的关键时期有关,而贝莱斯芽孢杆菌的促生作用是否与光合作用相关仍需进一步验证。
叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌后,显著改变了植株地上部位(叶片、藤蔓)的内生细菌群落结构并出现特征微生物,但块根内生菌群无响应。有研究发现叶面喷施胶冻样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus mucilaginosus)主要改变叶内生菌群结构[37],证实了菌剂施用路径决定其生态位偏好性。此外,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌通过跨生态位菌群重塑协同抑制病原菌并富集有益菌。处理组根际、叶片及块根中泛菌属丰度显著上升,促进植株生长并直接增强了其抗病能力[38-40];同时3个生态位的镰孢菌属丰度均显著下降。鉴于该属真菌多为土传病原菌,因此可有效降低土传病害发生的风险[41]。该病原菌抑制效应还与功能菌的定向拮抗密切相关,研究发现与土壤代谢组关联性较强的无色杆菌属对镰孢菌属病原菌分泌的镰孢菌酸、α-酮戊二酸等物质具有强趋化性,通过竞争位点的方式抑制病原菌扩展[42],使得镰孢菌属丰度下降。这种抑制病原菌-富集有益菌的协同效应,说明菌剂能够通过调控内生菌群实现微生态的优化。
叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌可显著增强植株抵抗胁迫的能力。在叶片层面,核黄素代谢通路上调显著提升了SOD、POD及CAT等关键抗氧化酶活性,协同清除活性氧(ROS)以缓解氧化胁迫损伤[25];异黄酮生物合成通路则通过积累毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷等植物抗毒素,增强细胞渗透调节能力,应对干旱或盐胁迫引发的水分失衡[43]。地下根际同步响应抗逆需求,土壤代谢组中轴突再生信号通路可通过增加根长密度和分支复杂性等方式改善根系形态,在胁迫下从根部提升水分和养分获取效率;甘油磷脂代谢通路上调则通过优化膜脂组成增强膜稳定性[44]或激活胁迫响应通路等方式增强植株对逆境的耐受性[45]。综上所述,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌通过叶面喷施后表现出明显的区室传导效应:首先在叶片定殖引发显著的代谢重组,随后通过系统传导影响根际代谢组,但影响程度弱于叶片。这种跨区室的调控网络提示,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌可提高植株抗逆性。
叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌后,还能够通过激活代谢通路和富集功能菌群协同促进植株的生长发育。在根际土壤中轴突再生信号通路参与植物根系损伤后的再生,其涉及的磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶信号传导机制,与丛枝菌根真菌促进IAA积累改善柑橘根系形态的过程具有相似性[46];甘油磷脂代谢通路显著上调,其关键前体溶血磷脂酸(lysophosphatidic acid, LPA)通过调控IAA输出载体PIN1的定位和活性,促进IAA转运、胚胎发育及植株生长[47],驱动细胞增殖和结构合成,为生物量累积奠定基础[48];同时ABC转运系统下调则优化能量分配策略,在养分充足条件下可通过能量再分配维持生殖生长,优先将资源用于生物量积累[49],二者协同促进地下部分生长。在叶片中,核心能量代谢通路(氧化磷酸化和TCA循环)显著下调,而玉米素生物合成通路显著上调,抵消ABA的抑制作用,并与IAA协同促进胚根伸长及盐胁迫后根系重建,加速植株恢复与形态建成[50]。这种代谢转换标志着资源从基础产能向生长调控的再分配,形成与根际联动的促生代谢途径。除代谢调控外,功能菌群也提供了生长刺激。与土壤代谢组影响关联性最强的金黄杆菌属菌株CS-LD15分泌生长刺激因子,直接增强植物细胞分裂效率与叶片扩展速率[51];与叶片代谢组改变关联性最强的泥单胞菌属和固氮弯曲菌属(Azoarcus)通过固氮、溶磷等机制协同促进营养吸收与器官发育[52-53]。这种“地上-地下”系统性地提升植株生物量积累促进植株形态建成,证实贝莱斯芽孢杆菌可实现高效促生。然而本研究缺乏转录组数据来阐明代谢通路调控的分子机制,这也是后续研究的重点方向,即通过转录组与代谢组联合分析,解析“微生物定殖-基因表达调控-代谢产物积累”的级联效应,筛选出贝莱斯芽孢杆菌调控的核心植物功能基因,为揭示其促生机制提供更完整的分子证据链。
综上所述,本研究通过扩增子、代谢组、理化指标分析等多组学结合的方法,系统阐明了叶片喷施贝莱斯芽孢杆菌提升番薯产量的调控机制。菌剂喷施显著增加块根产量,同步增强根部抗氧化酶活性并诱导叶绿体超微结构致密化,通过重塑植株内生菌群实现病原菌抑制与有益菌富集,激活土壤和叶片中胁迫响应及促生相关代谢通路,同时锁定了与代谢响应显著关联的功能微生物。本研究揭示了跨区室互作对宿主抗逆性与产量的贡献机制,为开发新型叶面微生物制剂提供理论依据,也将推动植物-微生物互作研究从单一区室向系统生物学范式转变。在未来通过结合转录组验证代谢通路调控机制,可以进一步优化贝莱斯芽孢杆菌菌液施用策略。
  • 湖南省科技援藏项目(2024WK4003)
  • 湖南省农业科技创新资金(2024CX50)
  • 湖南省农业科技创新资金(2024CX115)
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董俊德, 张燕英, 杨志浩, 杨斌, 张偲, 王友绍, 孙翠慈. 红树植物根际促生固氮菌(DZY-X1)及其应用: CN101298601 A.X[P]. 2025-07-30.
2026年第66卷第2期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250615
  • 接收时间:2025-08-07
  • 首发时间:2026-02-05
  • 出版时间:2026-02-04
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  • 收稿日期:2025-08-07
  • 录用日期:2025-10-13
基金
the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Aid to Xizang Autonomous Region Project(2024WK4003)
湖南省科技援藏项目(2024WK4003)
the Hunan Province Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(2024CX50)
湖南省农业科技创新资金(2024CX50)
湖南省农业科技创新资金(2024CX115)
作者信息
    湖南省微生物研究所 植物内生微生物资源挖掘与利用湖南省工程研究中心,湖南 长沙
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250615
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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