Article(id=1242175000715821559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242175008705966230, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240407, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1720022400000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-04, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1724947200000, acceptedDateStr=2024-08-30, onlineDate=1774087198656, onlineDateStr=2026-03-21, pubDate=1735920000000, pubDateStr=2025-01-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774087198656, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774087198656, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774087198656, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1242175008705966230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2025', volume='65', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='415', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774087200568, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774087310368, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1242175469299270453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242175008705966230, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1242175469299270454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242175008705966230, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=122, endPage=135, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242175002041221632, articleId=1242175000715821559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Isolation, identification, and functional characterization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria capable of producing indole acetic acid from cherry rhizosphere, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] This study isolated the dominant indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-producing bacteria from the rhizosphere soil of Prunus sachalinensis, determined their plant growth-promoting properties, and clarified the growth-promoting effect by inoculation to the seedlings of the common rootstock Gisela 6, aiming to provide theoretical reference and practical approaches for exploring the biological potential of cherry, establish a benign root-microbial interaction relationship, and solve weak root development. [Methods] We used the beef extract peptone medium to isolate bacteria from the rhizosphere soil and selected various specific media to screen the bacteria and determine the IAA-producing, nitrogen-fixing, phosphorus-solubilizing, potassium-solubilizing, and chemotactic abilities of the bacteria. Then, we constructed a phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences to identify the bacteria. Finally, potted cherry plants were used to explore the plant growth-promoting effects of the strains. [Results] Five IAA-producing strains were screened from the rhizosphere soil of P. sachalinensis, among which strain D46 had the highest IAA yield (53.10 mg/L). D5 was identified as Priestia sp. D27 and D46 were identified as Enterobacter sp. D43 and D79 were identified as Bacillus sp. All the five strains had the ability to fix nitrogen. D27, D46, and D79 had the ability to solubilize phosphorus, and D5 and D43 had the ability to solubilize potassium. Strains D27, D46, and D79 showed strong integrative chemotaxis to sugars, organic acids, and amino acids. Pot experiments showed that the inoculation of strains D27, D43, D46, and D79 significantly increased the root activity. After the inoculation of strain D27, the total root respiration rate increased by 51.40% compared with that in the control group (CK), and the root respiration rates of glycolysis (EMP), tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) also significantly increased. Strain D27 significantly improved the root architecture of cherry seedlings. After inoculation of strain D5, the net photosynthetic rate of leaves significantly increased by 58.82% compared with that in CK, and the inoculation of strain D27 demonstrated the best performance in improving the water use efficiency of leaves. Strains D27, D46, and D79 significantly increased the plant biomass. [Conclusion] There were IAA-producing bacteria in the rhizosphere of cherry, and the five IAA-producing strains isolated had other plant growth-promoting properties. Strains D27, D46, and D79 demonstrated comprehensive plant growth-promoting effects on cherry seedlings. In the future, we can explore the spectra of plants with growth promoted by the strains and the environmental tolerance of the strains, providing a theoretical basis for mining and enriching the strain resources of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria.

, correspAuthors=Sijun QIN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*QIN Sijun, E-mail:
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【目的】从东北山樱(Prunus sachalinensis)根际土壤中分离产吲哚-3-乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)优势细菌,测定促生特性,通过反接种到甜樱桃常用砧木吉塞拉6号幼苗明确促生效果,为挖掘樱桃自身生物学潜力,建立良性根系-微生物互作关系,为解决根系发育较弱问题提供理论参考及实践途径。【方法】使用牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基分离根际土壤细菌,选择各类特异培养基筛选并测定细菌产IAA、固氮、溶磷、解钾和趋化性能力,通过16S rRNA基因序列的同源性分析构建系统发育树鉴定菌属,采用盆栽樱桃植株探究菌株的促生效果。【结果】从东北山樱根际土壤中筛选到5株产IAA菌株,其中菌株D46的IAA产量最高(53.10 mg/L)。通过16S rRNA基因序列分析将D5鉴定为普里斯特氏菌属(Priestia sp.),D27和D46鉴定为肠杆菌属(Enterobacter sp.),D43和D79鉴定为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.)。5株细菌均具有固氮能力,D27、D46和D79具有溶磷能力、D5和D43具有解钾能力。菌株D27、D46和D79对糖、有机酸和氨基酸的综合趋化性较强。盆栽促生试验显示,接种菌株D27、D43、D46和D79均显著提高了植株的根系活力。接种菌株D27后根系总呼吸速率较对照组(CK)显著提高了51.40%,并且根系糖酵解途径(glycolysis, EMP)、三羧酸循环途径(tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA)和戊糖磷酸途径(pentose phosphate pathway, PPP)呼吸速率均显著提高。菌株D27显著改善了樱桃幼苗的根系构型。接种菌株D5后叶片净光合速率(net photosynthetic rate, Pn)较CK显著提高了58.82%,接种菌株D27对叶片水分利用效率(water use efficiency, WUE)提升最显著。菌株D27、D46和D79对植株生物量的综合促生效果较为显著。【结论】樱桃根际存在产IAA细菌,分离到的5株产IAA菌株兼具其他促生特性。菌株D27、D46和D79对樱桃幼苗的综合促生效果良好,后续可深入探究其促生对象的广谱性及环境耐受性,为发掘和丰富PGPR菌种资源提供理论基础。

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Sustainability, 2021, 13 (19):10986., articleTitle=Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria as a green alternative for sustainable agriculture, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1243300004245390080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, awardId=32472663, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472663), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243300004354441995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, awardId=32472663, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(32472663), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243300004576740121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, awardId=30900967, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(30900967), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243300004719346466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, awardId=30900967, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(30900967), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243300004815815466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, awardId=2023JCYJ103, language=EN, fundingSource=Basic Research Project of Yantai Science and Technology Innovation Development Plan(2023JCYJ103), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243300004966810424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, awardId=2023JCYJ103, language=CN, fundingSource=烟台市科技创新发展计划基础研究项目(2023JCYJ103), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243300005084250947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, awardId=H2022140, language=EN, fundingSource=Scientific Research Project of Shenyang Agricultural University from Enterprise(H2022140), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243300005201691470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, awardId=H2022140, language=CN, fundingSource=沈阳农业大学横向科研课题(H2022140), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243299996968272224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243299996976660834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, companyId=1243299996968272224, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Horticultural College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality Development and Regulation of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243299996980855139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, companyId=1243299996968272224, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=沈阳农业大学 园艺学院, 辽宁省果树品质发育与调控重点实验室, 辽宁 沈阳 110866)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1243300000533430840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Condition of IAA production by rhizosphere bacteria of Prunus sachalinensis. A: The color development of bacterial suspension with Salkowski reagent. The darker the red color, the higher the IAA yield. B: IAA yield of each strain. The figure shows the IAA yield of different strains under different culture times. Capital letters indicate the difference of IAA yield in different strains for the same culture time; Lowercase letters indicate the difference in IAA yield of the same strain for different culture times (P<0.05)., figureFileSmall=VByrvG4Zx6EwIFphCp2m7A==, figureFileBig=c8clQd81NJNPay+7mYH6LA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300000646677062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=CN, label=图1, caption=东北山樱根际细菌的产IAA情况, figureFileSmall=VByrvG4Zx6EwIFphCp2m7A==, figureFileBig=c8clQd81NJNPay+7mYH6LA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300000772506198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Gram staining of IAA-producing bacteria in rhizosphere of Prunus sachalinensis. The length of the ruler in the figure is 10 μm., figureFileSmall=fUY7NvLQDoq+LZRDcatHEA==, figureFileBig=AWCLqCJjhsXcC6pGmhLi1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300000852197983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=CN, label=图2, caption=东北山樱根际产IAA细菌的革兰氏染色, figureFileSmall=fUY7NvLQDoq+LZRDcatHEA==, figureFileBig=AWCLqCJjhsXcC6pGmhLi1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300000965444201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Chemotaxis of IAA-producing bacteria in rhizosphere of Prunus sachalinensis. A: Diameter of chemotactic circle of different strains on medium containing sugar. B: Diameter of chemotactic circle of different strains on medium containing organic acid. C: Diameter of chemotactic circle of different strains on medium containing amino acid. Different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences between groups (P<0.05)., figureFileSmall=eYt+pwCWZOxQ235xwCW0Sw==, figureFileBig=5Vyx164ckuI7XziE3rBvFQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300001087079029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=CN, label=图3, caption=东北山樱根际产IAA细菌的趋化性, figureFileSmall=eYt+pwCWZOxQ235xwCW0Sw==, figureFileBig=5Vyx164ckuI7XziE3rBvFQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300001187742331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Phylogenetic tree of growth promoting strains. A: Phylogenetic tree of strain D5. Bar 0.000 5 represents sequence deviation value. B: Phylogenetic tree of strain D27 and D46. Bar 0.001 represents sequence deviation value. C: Phylogenetic tree of strain D43 and D79. Bar 0.005 represents sequence deviation value. Numbers in parentheses represent the sequences' accession number in GenBank., figureFileSmall=rPM1CUuW0J5DpCrnsd177w==, figureFileBig=8B+4ao9N+hn6gd/ZSeIb8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300001292599943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=CN, label=图4, caption=促生菌株的系统发育树, figureFileSmall=rPM1CUuW0J5DpCrnsd177w==, figureFileBig=8B+4ao9N+hn6gd/ZSeIb8A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300001376486031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Effects of IAA-producing bacteria on root activity of seedlings. Different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences between groups (P<0.05)., figureFileSmall=5szDQFi7hDBVG9HAAnTSyg==, figureFileBig=j2PdLg8SyKz+M38RjSI15g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300001489732247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=CN, label=图5, caption=产IAA菌株对幼苗根系活力的影响, figureFileSmall=5szDQFi7hDBVG9HAAnTSyg==, figureFileBig=j2PdLg8SyKz+M38RjSI15g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300001594589858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Effects of IAA-producing bacteria on root respiration rate of seedlings. A: Effect of strain on total root respiration rate. B: Effects of strains on respiration rate of root each biochemical pathway. Different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences between groups (P<0.05)., figureFileSmall=WJTOXtlrvLFjBG64GKwgKg==, figureFileBig=LoTaiEvTmGtBbgbQol6H/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300001678475946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=CN, label=图6, caption=产IAA菌株对幼苗根系呼吸速率的影响, figureFileSmall=WJTOXtlrvLFjBG64GKwgKg==, figureFileBig=LoTaiEvTmGtBbgbQol6H/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300001783333559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Quantitative situation of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization and dissolved potassium of IAA-producing bacteria

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
BacteriaNitrogenase activity
(IU/L)
Amount of dissolved organophosphorus (mg/L)Amount of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (mg/L)Amount of dissolved potassium (mg/L)
Lowercase letters represent the significant difference of PGP activity among different strain (P<0.05). indicates that the strain doesn’t have this PGP feature.
CK0.45±0.09c36.83±1.64c1.64±0.07c
D526.39±1.62b2.73±0.10a
D2724.92±1.20b2.54±0.10a50.67±1.65ab
D4317.59±1.51c2.49±0.06b
D4633.59±2.27a2.50±0.09a50.95±1.21a
D7928.25±2.27b1.42±0.07b47.49±2.12b
), ArticleFig(id=1243300003352003266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

产IAA菌株固氮、溶磷及解钾定量情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
BacteriaNitrogenase activity
(IU/L)
Amount of dissolved organophosphorus (mg/L)Amount of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (mg/L)Amount of dissolved potassium (mg/L)
Lowercase letters represent the significant difference of PGP activity among different strain (P<0.05). indicates that the strain doesn’t have this PGP feature.
CK0.45±0.09c36.83±1.64c1.64±0.07c
D526.39±1.62b2.73±0.10a
D2724.92±1.20b2.54±0.10a50.67±1.65ab
D4317.59±1.51c2.49±0.06b
D4633.59±2.27a2.50±0.09a50.95±1.21a
D7928.25±2.27b1.42±0.07b47.49±2.12b
), ArticleFig(id=1243300003452666568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Effects of IAA-producing bacteria on root system architecture of seedlings

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
BacteriaTotal root length (m)Root surface area (cm2)Root volume (cm3)Average diameter (mm)
Different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences between groups (P<0.05).
CK9.94±0.30a138.38±5.04bc1.52±0.17ab0.44±0.02a
D510.87±0.46a148.02±2.46ab1.63±0.09ab0.44±0.02a
D2710.70±0.61a165.78±7.60a1.79±0.37ab0.45±0.03a
D4310.19±0.66a152.60±10.31ab1.94±0.10a0.47±0.01a
D467.05±0.57b116.88±7.59c1.45±0.10b0.48±0.02a
D7910.14±0.19a152.90±8.60ab1.88±0.24ab0.48±0.02a
), ArticleFig(id=1243300003549135568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

产IAA菌株对幼苗根系构型的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
BacteriaTotal root length (m)Root surface area (cm2)Root volume (cm3)Average diameter (mm)
Different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences between groups (P<0.05).
CK9.94±0.30a138.38±5.04bc1.52±0.17ab0.44±0.02a
D510.87±0.46a148.02±2.46ab1.63±0.09ab0.44±0.02a
D2710.70±0.61a165.78±7.60a1.79±0.37ab0.45±0.03a
D4310.19±0.66a152.60±10.31ab1.94±0.10a0.47±0.01a
D467.05±0.57b116.88±7.59c1.45±0.10b0.48±0.02a
D7910.14±0.19a152.90±8.60ab1.88±0.24ab0.48±0.02a
), ArticleFig(id=1243300003641410262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Effects of IAA-producing bacteria on leaf photosynthetic parameters of seedlings

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
BacteriaPn
(μmol/(m2·s))
Tr
(mmol/(m2·s))
GS
(mol/(m2·s))
Ci
(µmol/mol)
WUE
(µmol/mmol)
Different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences between groups (P<0.05).
CK7.31±0.18e2.11±0.01a0.17±0.01a400.48±1.87a3.47±0.16c
D511.61±0.32a2.07±0.27a0.13±0.02b335.45±7.51b5.67±0.52ab
D278.37±0.10d1.35±0.11c0.1±0.01c323.49±9.75c6.24±0.68a
D4310.51±0.13b1.98±0.05a0.14±0.01b342.28±1.49b5.33±0.28b
D469.79±0.31c1.77±0.07b0.12±0.02b339.23±4.91b5.56±0.48ab
D7910.87±0.15b1.95±0.06ab0.13±0.01b340.33±3.8b5.53±0.30ab
), ArticleFig(id=1243300003746267870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

产IAA菌株对幼苗叶片光合参数的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
BacteriaPn
(μmol/(m2·s))
Tr
(mmol/(m2·s))
GS
(mol/(m2·s))
Ci
(µmol/mol)
WUE
(µmol/mmol)
Different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences between groups (P<0.05).
CK7.31±0.18e2.11±0.01a0.17±0.01a400.48±1.87a3.47±0.16c
D511.61±0.32a2.07±0.27a0.13±0.02b335.45±7.51b5.67±0.52ab
D278.37±0.10d1.35±0.11c0.1±0.01c323.49±9.75c6.24±0.68a
D4310.51±0.13b1.98±0.05a0.14±0.01b342.28±1.49b5.33±0.28b
D469.79±0.31c1.77±0.07b0.12±0.02b339.23±4.91b5.56±0.48ab
D7910.87±0.15b1.95±0.06ab0.13±0.01b340.33±3.8b5.53±0.30ab
), ArticleFig(id=1243300003851125476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Effects of IAA-producing bacteria on plant biomass of seedlings

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
BacteriaPlant height
(cm)
Stem diameter
(mm)
Aboveground fresh weight (g)Aboveground dry
weight (g)
Root fresh weight
(g)
Root dry weight
(g)
Different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences between groups (P<0.05).
CK20.45±1.38c3.05±0.14a5.06±0.37c1.67±0.31b3.91±0.10b0.96±0.06b
D526.34±1.19ab3.22±0.09a6.27±0.36ab2.06±0.13ab4.15±0.11b0.95±0.03b
D2729.99±1.77a3.27±0.12a7.18±0.25a2.52±0.06a4.51±0.59ab0.98±0.07b
D4319.33±2.91c3.28±0.11a5.90±0.63bc1.97±0.18ab4.76±0.20ab1.12±0.07ab
D4626.87±0.37ab3.38±0.12a7.29±0.13a2.48±0.10a5.28±0.26a1.25±0.16a
D7922.57±1.00bc3.24±0.17a6.84±0.23ab2.32±0.06a5.17±0.15a1.24±0.02a
), ArticleFig(id=1243300003964371693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175000715821559, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

产IAA菌株对幼苗生物量的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
BacteriaPlant height
(cm)
Stem diameter
(mm)
Aboveground fresh weight (g)Aboveground dry
weight (g)
Root fresh weight
(g)
Root dry weight
(g)
Different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences between groups (P<0.05).
CK20.45±1.38c3.05±0.14a5.06±0.37c1.67±0.31b3.91±0.10b0.96±0.06b
D526.34±1.19ab3.22±0.09a6.27±0.36ab2.06±0.13ab4.15±0.11b0.95±0.03b
D2729.99±1.77a3.27±0.12a7.18±0.25a2.52±0.06a4.51±0.59ab0.98±0.07b
D4319.33±2.91c3.28±0.11a5.90±0.63bc1.97±0.18ab4.76±0.20ab1.12±0.07ab
D4626.87±0.37ab3.38±0.12a7.29±0.13a2.48±0.10a5.28±0.26a1.25±0.16a
D7922.57±1.00bc3.24±0.17a6.84±0.23ab2.32±0.06a5.17±0.15a1.24±0.02a
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樱桃根际产吲哚乙酸促生菌的分离、鉴定及功能特性
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陶泽 , 佟兆庆 , 秦嗣军 *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025,65(1): 122-135
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025, 65(1): 122-135
樱桃根际产吲哚乙酸促生菌的分离、鉴定及功能特性
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陶泽, 佟兆庆, 秦嗣军*
作者信息
  • 沈阳农业大学 园艺学院, 辽宁省果树品质发育与调控重点实验室, 辽宁 沈阳 110866
Isolation, identification, and functional characterization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria capable of producing indole acetic acid from cherry rhizosphere
Ze TAO, Zhaoqing TONG, Sijun QIN*
Affiliations
  • Horticultural College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality Development and Regulation of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
出版时间: 2025-01-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240407
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【目的】从东北山樱(Prunus sachalinensis)根际土壤中分离产吲哚-3-乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)优势细菌,测定促生特性,通过反接种到甜樱桃常用砧木吉塞拉6号幼苗明确促生效果,为挖掘樱桃自身生物学潜力,建立良性根系-微生物互作关系,为解决根系发育较弱问题提供理论参考及实践途径。【方法】使用牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基分离根际土壤细菌,选择各类特异培养基筛选并测定细菌产IAA、固氮、溶磷、解钾和趋化性能力,通过16S rRNA基因序列的同源性分析构建系统发育树鉴定菌属,采用盆栽樱桃植株探究菌株的促生效果。【结果】从东北山樱根际土壤中筛选到5株产IAA菌株,其中菌株D46的IAA产量最高(53.10 mg/L)。通过16S rRNA基因序列分析将D5鉴定为普里斯特氏菌属(Priestia sp.),D27和D46鉴定为肠杆菌属(Enterobacter sp.),D43和D79鉴定为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.)。5株细菌均具有固氮能力,D27、D46和D79具有溶磷能力、D5和D43具有解钾能力。菌株D27、D46和D79对糖、有机酸和氨基酸的综合趋化性较强。盆栽促生试验显示,接种菌株D27、D43、D46和D79均显著提高了植株的根系活力。接种菌株D27后根系总呼吸速率较对照组(CK)显著提高了51.40%,并且根系糖酵解途径(glycolysis, EMP)、三羧酸循环途径(tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA)和戊糖磷酸途径(pentose phosphate pathway, PPP)呼吸速率均显著提高。菌株D27显著改善了樱桃幼苗的根系构型。接种菌株D5后叶片净光合速率(net photosynthetic rate, Pn)较CK显著提高了58.82%,接种菌株D27对叶片水分利用效率(water use efficiency, WUE)提升最显著。菌株D27、D46和D79对植株生物量的综合促生效果较为显著。【结论】樱桃根际存在产IAA细菌,分离到的5株产IAA菌株兼具其他促生特性。菌株D27、D46和D79对樱桃幼苗的综合促生效果良好,后续可深入探究其促生对象的广谱性及环境耐受性,为发掘和丰富PGPR菌种资源提供理论基础。

樱桃  /  吲哚-3-乙酸  /  植物根际促生菌  /  菌种筛选

[Objective] This study isolated the dominant indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-producing bacteria from the rhizosphere soil of Prunus sachalinensis, determined their plant growth-promoting properties, and clarified the growth-promoting effect by inoculation to the seedlings of the common rootstock Gisela 6, aiming to provide theoretical reference and practical approaches for exploring the biological potential of cherry, establish a benign root-microbial interaction relationship, and solve weak root development. [Methods] We used the beef extract peptone medium to isolate bacteria from the rhizosphere soil and selected various specific media to screen the bacteria and determine the IAA-producing, nitrogen-fixing, phosphorus-solubilizing, potassium-solubilizing, and chemotactic abilities of the bacteria. Then, we constructed a phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences to identify the bacteria. Finally, potted cherry plants were used to explore the plant growth-promoting effects of the strains. [Results] Five IAA-producing strains were screened from the rhizosphere soil of P. sachalinensis, among which strain D46 had the highest IAA yield (53.10 mg/L). D5 was identified as Priestia sp. D27 and D46 were identified as Enterobacter sp. D43 and D79 were identified as Bacillus sp. All the five strains had the ability to fix nitrogen. D27, D46, and D79 had the ability to solubilize phosphorus, and D5 and D43 had the ability to solubilize potassium. Strains D27, D46, and D79 showed strong integrative chemotaxis to sugars, organic acids, and amino acids. Pot experiments showed that the inoculation of strains D27, D43, D46, and D79 significantly increased the root activity. After the inoculation of strain D27, the total root respiration rate increased by 51.40% compared with that in the control group (CK), and the root respiration rates of glycolysis (EMP), tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) also significantly increased. Strain D27 significantly improved the root architecture of cherry seedlings. After inoculation of strain D5, the net photosynthetic rate of leaves significantly increased by 58.82% compared with that in CK, and the inoculation of strain D27 demonstrated the best performance in improving the water use efficiency of leaves. Strains D27, D46, and D79 significantly increased the plant biomass. [Conclusion] There were IAA-producing bacteria in the rhizosphere of cherry, and the five IAA-producing strains isolated had other plant growth-promoting properties. Strains D27, D46, and D79 demonstrated comprehensive plant growth-promoting effects on cherry seedlings. In the future, we can explore the spectra of plants with growth promoted by the strains and the environmental tolerance of the strains, providing a theoretical basis for mining and enriching the strain resources of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria.

cherry  /  indole-3-acetic acid  /  plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria  /  strain selection
陶泽, 佟兆庆, 秦嗣军. 樱桃根际产吲哚乙酸促生菌的分离、鉴定及功能特性. 微生物学报, 2025 , 65 (1) : 122 -135 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240407
Ze TAO, Zhaoqing TONG, Sijun QIN. Isolation, identification, and functional characterization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria capable of producing indole acetic acid from cherry rhizosphere[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2025 , 65 (1) : 122 -135 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240407
甜樱桃(Prunus avium)因具有营养价值丰富、经济价值高等特点而深受广大消费者的喜爱[1],近年来在中国的栽培面积迅速扩大。大多数甜樱桃砧木因根系密度低、分布浅和对土壤环境变化敏感等特点而影响了植株整体的生长发育[2-3]。为了追求产量,樱桃园存在盲目大量施用各类肥料及菌剂问题,这往往加剧了土壤质量退化[4],对樱桃根系发育产生了更大的负面影响。生产中也经常因根系管理不当出现树势迅速衰退,甚至突然死树等问题。因此,如何科学解决根系发育较弱的问题成为甜樱桃产业持久稳定发展的重要一环。
吲哚-3-乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)是植物体内的一种重要激素,其对根系构型及生理代谢具有直接调控作用[5]。研究发现,外源施加IAA或萘乙酸(1-naphthaleneacetic acid, NAA)可以调控根系构型和功能[6]。然而,由于IAA在自然环境下并不稳定且作用时效较短等原因,并不适合大量应用于产业来改善植株根系生长这一问题。植物根际促生菌(plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR)作为生活在植物根际的益生微生物,其能通过改善土壤的理化性质[7-8],优化土壤微生物群落构成[9]、分泌植物激素[10]或产生抗生素等多种方式影响植物生长发育[11-12]。因此,若能够筛选到产IAA的根际促生菌,则有望从长期、绿色且经济的角度来解决根系的生长调控问题。研究发现,PGPR与植物通过IAA介导可形成互利互惠的关系,PGPR分泌的IAA在低浓度下会刺激植物初生根的伸长生长,在较高浓度下会促进侧根和不定根的形成,增强植物根系对矿质元素的吸收[5, 13]。例如,接种产IAA的枯草芽孢杆菌yl923和hs032以及巨大普里斯特氏菌hy127后,使玉米的根长、株高、干重和叶绿素都有显著提高[14]。此外,前人已经在小麦、大豆、甘蔗、苹果等多种作物上验证了产IAA的PGPR对植物的促生作用[15-16]。目前,产IAA的PGPR的研究主要集中在芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)等常见菌属中[17]
本研究从中国原产作为砧木应用的东北山樱根际土壤分离筛选、鉴定了多株产IAA的细菌,测定了其促生(plant growth promoting, PGP)特性,最后通过接种菌剂的方式探究其对甜樱桃矮化砧木吉塞拉6号幼苗的促生效果,以期探究所鉴定的产IAA菌株对樱桃植株生长发育的调控机理,为丰富PGPR菌种资源提供理论参考。
本研究中使用的根际土壤样本采集自中国辽宁省沈阳市沈阳农业大学东北山樱异地保存圃(41°49′31″N,123°34′0″E,2006年建圃)中的健壮植株。2022年6月,选取3株树,在其周围挖掘半径50 cm,深30 cm,45°的扇形采样坑,观察东北山樱根系分布情况。选取深度15 cm以下的毛细根,采用抖根法获取根际土壤。促生试验幼苗为当年组培繁育的甜樱桃矮化砧木吉塞拉6号。
牛肉膏蛋白胨(beef extract peptone medium, BPM)培养基用于根际细菌的分离纯化培养及生长曲线的测定[14];使用BPM培养基(添加L-色氨酸100 mg/L)和Salkowski比色液(50 mL 35% HClO4+1 mL 0.5 mol/L FeCl3)对纯化后的菌株进行产IAA的定性定量检测[18];结晶紫、番红、95%乙醇和碘液用于革兰氏染色;添加糖、有机酸和氨基酸的10% BPM半固体培养基用于测定菌株的趋化能力[19];使用Ashby无氮培养基检测菌株的固氮能力[20],利用nitrogenase ELISA科研试剂盒[北农雨禾(北京)科技发展有限公司]测定菌株固氮酶活性;用分别加入Ca3(PO4)2或蛋黄卵磷脂的PKO培养基测定菌株溶解无机磷和有机磷的能力[21];使用硅酸盐培养基(含钾长石粉1 g/L)测定菌株的解钾能力[22]
称取5 g土壤样品置于装有45 mL灭菌水的100 mL三角瓶中,37 ℃、180 r/min培养20 min,然后静置10 min。将土壤菌悬浮液梯度稀释至10−2−10−8后,涂布于BPM固体培养基上,于37 ℃恒温箱中培养24−48 h,挑取不同形态的菌落进行菌株纯化培养。纯化后的菌株于4 ℃冰箱中保存待用。菌株分离试验共计进行3次,每次设置3次重复。
将纯化后的细菌于BPM液体培养基(添加L-色氨酸100 mg/L)培养24 h后,取50 μL的菌液与50 μL Salkowski试剂于白色陶瓷板上,避光静置30 min进行显色反应,以灭菌的BPM液体培养基为阴性对照。红色越深,证明菌株产IAA的能力越强。
以灭菌的BPM培养基为空白对照,IAA标准样品浓度为横坐标,OD530值为纵坐标绘制IAA标准曲线。将筛选出的菌株分别培养12、24、36和48 h后,取5 mL菌悬液于10 000 r/min离心10 min,取3 mL上清液,加入等体积Salkowski显色剂,避光静置30 min,测定其OD530值,通过IAA标准曲线计算IAA产量。
按照涂片固定、初染、媒染、脱色、复染和镜检的方法进行染色观察[23]
取2 mL活化后的菌液于2 mL离心管中,进行4 ℃、8 000 r/min离心5 min去除上清液,然后用趋化性缓冲液重悬菌体3次去除残存培养基,并调节菌悬液至OD600=1.0待用。取8 μL菌悬液分别点在3种趋化培养基中央,然后水平静置于37 ℃恒温培养箱中培养24 h。培养结束后用游标卡尺测量不同菌株在不同趋化培养基中趋化圈直径,以此来判定各菌株对不同物质的趋化能力。
取活化后的菌株使用接种环在Ashby无氮固体培养基上划线,于37 ℃培养箱中培养4 d,观察菌株在Ashby固体培养基上是否生长。选择能在Ashby无氮培养基上生长的菌株采用细菌固氮酶活性试剂盒[北农雨禾(北京)科技发展有限公司]测定菌株固氮酶活性。
取2.5 μL活化后的菌液滴加于PKO固体培养基上,于37 ℃培养箱中培养4−5 d,观察菌株是否产生溶磷圈。若产生透明的溶磷圈则证明其具有溶磷能力,并使用钼锑抗比色法进行定量测定。
吸取2.5 μL活化后的菌液滴加于硅酸盐固体培养基中,于28 ℃培养箱中培养3 d,观察菌株周围是否产生解钾晕圈。若产生解钾晕圈则说明其具有解钾能力,然后采用6% H2O2溶液于沸水浴中消化蒸发1 h,4 ℃、13 000 r/min离心5 min的方法取上清液,使用火焰分光光度计测定K+浓度。
采用细菌16S rRNA基因通用引物27F (5′-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3′)和1492R (5′-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3′)对选定菌株进行细菌PCR扩增。PCR反应体系(50 μL):2×SanTaq PCR Master Mix (含蓝染料) 25 μL,上、下游引物(10 µmol/L)各2 µL,DNA模板4 µL,ddH2O 17 µL。PCR反应条件:94 ℃预变性5 min;94 ℃变性30 s,55 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸1 min,35个循环;72 ℃终延伸10 min。PCR产物由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司进行序列测定,然后将序列与NCBI数据库中的细菌序列进行同源比对分析,最后使用neighbor-joining法利用MEGA X软件建立菌株的系统发育树。
将菌株接种于50 mL BPM液体培养基中并培养至对数生长期,4 ℃、10 000 r/min离心10 min,弃上清。用无菌水将菌体重悬至浓度约为107 CFU/mL (OD600=0.8)后备用。
试验苗栽植土壤为沈阳农业大学果树科研基地普通园土与河沙2:1混配后备用(有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量分别为17.42 g/kg、127.33 mg/kg、34.68 mg/kg和51.88 mg/kg)。试验处理于2023年5月20日开始(幼苗高约10 cm),试验对照组(CK)植株接种50 mL无菌水,试验组为5组,分别接种D5、D27、D43、D46和D79菌株制成的菌悬液50 mL。每组处理独立重复5次。菌悬液以灌根的方式进行接种,每5 d接种1次,共接种6次。接种30 d后开始进行取样,测定植株根系活力、根系呼吸速率、根系构型、光合参数和生物量等指标来评估不同菌株对植株的促生效果。
称取0.5 g根系鲜样,加入质量体积分数0.4%的氯化三苯基四氮唑5 mL和pH 7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液5 mL,37 ℃培养4 h,然后加入1 mol/L的H2SO4溶液2 mL终止反应。取出根系擦干后放回原试管,加入95%的乙醇溶液10 mL过夜浸提,待溶液变红后测定OD485值。
称取0.005 g幼嫩的根系样品,使用液相氧电极(Hansatech公司)测定根系总呼吸、糖酵解途径(glycolysis, EMP)、三羧酸循环途径(tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA)及戊糖磷酸途径(pentose phosphate pathway, PPP)的呼吸速率[24]
使用数字化扫描仪(Epson公司)扫描根系,将扫描图片用WinRHIZO Pro 2016分析软件进行定量分析根系的总长度、表面积、体积和平均根直径。
使用光合仪(LI-COR公司),随机挑选各试验组5片位置相同的成熟叶片测定其净光合速率(net photosynthetic rate, Pn)、蒸腾速率(transpiration rate, Tr)、气孔导度(stomatal conductance, Gs)、和胞间二氧化碳浓度(intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, Ci)并计算叶片的水分利用效率(water use efficiency, WUE)。
用卷尺和游标卡尺分别测量幼苗的株高和茎粗。将植株根系清洗后晾干并分别称量植株地上部和根鲜重,然后将其分开放入烘箱中85 ℃杀青30 min,再70 ℃烘干48 h至恒重,冷却后分别称其干重。
试验数据采用SPSS 26.0软件分析,图形采用Origin 2021软件绘制。计算数据以平均值±标准差的形式呈现。采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)评估试验所得数据的差异性,显著性水平设置为P<0.05。
本研究从东北山樱根际土壤中共分离纯化了76株优势细菌,其中有5株可以产生IAA,其显色情况如图1A所示。IAA定量结果如图1B所示,其中菌株D27和D46产IAA能力最强,分别为51.50 mg/L和53.10 mg/L,且IAA产量显著高于其他3株细菌。
图2所示,5株产IAA菌株中D5和D79为革兰氏阳性菌,D27、D43和D46为革兰氏阴性菌。如图3所示,各菌株对不同物质趋化性差异较大,其中D79对糖的趋化性最强,D27对有机酸的趋化性最强,D46对氨基酸的趋化性最强,趋化圈直径分别达到了27.78、25.58和22.39 mm。
各菌株固氮、溶磷和解钾能力的相关数据如表1所示。5株产IAA菌株均能在Ashby无氮培养基上生长,其中D46的固氮酶活性最高为33.59 IU/L,D27、D46和D79菌株可以在PKO培养基上形成溶磷圈,D27和D46的溶磷能力最强,5 d发酵液无机磷含量分别为50.67 mg/L和50.95 mg/L,有机磷含量分别为2.54 mg/L和2.50 mg/L;D5和D43可以在硅酸盐培养基上形成解钾晕圈,2 d发酵液K+平均含量分别为2.73 mg/L和2.49 mg/L。
将5株产IAA菌株的16S rRNA基因序列上传至GenBank数据库获得登录号,然后通过邻接法构建了系统发育树(图4)。分析发现,菌株D5 (PP747901.1)与Priestia megaterium Md1-39 (MF581445.1)的亲缘关系最近,16S rRNA基因序列相似度为99.59%,最终将D5鉴定为Priestia sp.。菌株D27 (PP747902.1)和D46 (PP747904.1)与Enterobacter sp. BB1 (PP051508.1)的亲缘关系最相近,16S rRNA基因序列相似度为99.72%和99.49%,最终将D27和D46鉴定为Enterobacter sp.。菌株D43 (PP747903.1)和D79 (PP747905.1)分别与Bacillus sp. TBRh7 (HQ443232.1)和Bacillus sp. 5091 (KC236650.1)的亲缘关系最相近,16S rRNA基因序列相似度分别为99.93%和99.73%,最终将D43和D79鉴定为Bacillus sp.。
图5可知,与CK相比菌株D5对植株的根系活力无显著性影响,菌株D27、D43、D46和D79较CK根系活力分别提高了27.87%、24.79%、41.90%和28.01%,达到显著水平,但4个菌株促进效果无差异。
图6A可知,菌株D27对幼苗根系的总呼吸速率影响最显著,且较CK提高了51.40%,其他菌株对根系总呼吸影响不显著。如图6B所示,在根系各生化途径的呼吸速率中,各菌株对EMP的影响最大,均显著高于CK。菌株D27、D46和D79对根系TCA呼吸速率也产生了显著性影响,且分别较CK显著提高了159.10%、122.73%和177.27%。菌株D27和D79对根系PPP呼吸速率也较CK显著提高了68.57%和128.57%。综合分析,菌株D27和D79对根系的呼吸速率影响最大。
表2所示,菌株D27对根系总根长和根体积影响不显著,但与CK相比根表面积显著增加了19.80%。菌株D46对幼苗根系却产生了一定程度的抑制作用,其中总根长较CK显著降低了29.07%。此外,其他菌株对幼苗根系构型影响不显著。
表3所示,各菌株处理显著提高了幼苗叶片的净光合速率(Pn),其中菌株D5提高最为显著,较CK显著提高了58.82%。蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)表现出一定程度的下降趋势。胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)均显著下降,其中菌株D27较CK显著下降了19.22%。叶片水分利用效率(WUE)整体均显著提高,其中菌株D27较CK显著提高了79.83%。
表4所示,菌株D5、D27和D46处理后幼苗株高较CK显著增加了28.80%、46.65%和31.39%。各菌株对茎粗无显著影响。菌株D27、D46和D79处理对植株地上部的生物量影响较为显著。菌株D46和D79对植株根系生物量的影响较为显著。综合所述,菌株D27、D46和D79对植株整体生物量的促生效果较为明显。
众所周知,根际微生物对植物根系乃至植株整体的生长发育都起到不可忽视的调控作用,其中PGPR以相对较小的微生物群落占比却对植物生长发挥着重要的促生作用[25]。目前,前人已经在多种不同植物和不同环境下筛选到了诸多具有不同促生特性的PGPR菌株,其中芽孢杆菌对植物的促生报道较多,而肠杆菌则通常能高产IAA促进植物生长[26]。本研究筛选到的5株细菌中肠杆菌D46的IAA最高产量达到了53.10 mg/L,这在目前报道的众多产IAA促生菌中属于较高水平。除了具有产IAA的促生特性外,其还具有不同水平的固氮、溶磷和解钾等促生特性,这与根际枯草芽孢杆菌y1923兼具产IAA、溶磷和解钾能力[14],毛竹根际水生拉恩氏菌SD2N7兼具高产IAA、固氮和溶磷能力[27]的研究结果相一致。PGPR促进植物生长的前提是要成功定殖于宿主植物根际[28]。研究发现,PGPR自身的趋化能力有助于其向植物根系移动,植物根系分泌有机酸、多糖和氨基酸等物质可作为良好的趋化性引诱剂来引诱细菌向植物根系移动,进而完成定殖[29]。本研究中,菌株D27、D46和D79对糖、氨基酸和有机酸类物质均表现出较强的趋化性,说明其具备在土壤中向植物根系运动定殖的潜力,这与解淀粉芽孢杆菌T-5对番茄根系分泌的有机酸类物质具有强趋化性的研究结果有一定相似之处[30]。研究表明,可以通过外源添加趋化性物质来增强PGPR的趋化性,促使其进一步快速地向植物根系移动进而定殖根系来达到发挥其促生作用的目的。例如,通过添加石莼多糖(Ulva prolifera polysaccharide, UPP)可以显著增强解淀粉芽孢杆菌Cas02的趋化性,使其快速地在烟草根际定殖[28]
鉴于菌株自身具有产IAA等多种潜在的促生特性,而IAA具有促进细胞分裂、调控植物侧根发生和调节根系构型等多种重要作用[17],因此我们进一步对其进行了盆栽促生试验研究。结果显示,菌株D27、D46和D79对吉塞拉6号幼苗整体生物量的影响较为显著,这与其他产IAA促生菌在马铃薯、小麦和甜瓜等多种不同作物上的促生结果相一致[31-33]。各菌株对幼苗的根系构型和根系活力也产生了不同程度的影响。其中菌株D46处理后幼苗总根长、根表面积和根体积较CK均显著减少,但其根系活力却相对较高。进一步结合植株生物量的变化可以发现,菌株D46处理后使植株在较小的根系状态下能维持植株地上部更强的长势,且能显著提高根系活力,这对果树生产具有重要意义。根系的呼吸作用是植物根系与外界进行能量和物质交换的重要途径之一,其对根系再生、养分吸收及植株整体的生长发育都极具重要意义[34]。本研究中,菌株D27处理后樱桃幼苗根系的总呼吸速率较CK显著提高了51.40%。在不同生化途径中,EMP呼吸途径占比最高,且各菌株处理对EMP呼吸途径的提升程度也最大。进一步分析发现,樱桃根系主要以EMP-TCA呼吸为主,外源PGPR的接种能进一步促进EMP-TCA循环,加速根系与外界能量与物质交换能力,进而促进植株整体的生长发育[35]。PGPR在直接促进根系生长发育的同时也能对植物的光合作用产生一定的影响[36]。在甘蔗根际接种铜绿假单胞菌DJ06后,其净光合速率较CK显著提高[37];在小麦根际接种芽孢杆菌MNCN1也显著提高了叶片的光合速率[38]。在本研究中,各菌株处理均显著提高了樱桃叶片的净光合速率,蒸腾速率均出现了不同程度的下降,但叶片的光合水分利用效率均显著增加,因此综合分析各菌株对幼苗的光合性能有一定的促生作用,这与前人的研究结果基本一致。
近年来,PGPR的研究逐渐广泛深入,其中以PGPR制成的生物菌肥也逐渐适用于广大农业生产一线。然而,目前生产上很多菌株的促生作用机理并不明确,多种菌株复配使用后可能并不能最大效率地促进植株的生长发育。此外,实验室条件下促生菌的促生效果往往在实际大田生产中无法完全实现,进而导致菌肥的促生效果大打折扣。鉴于目前PGPR菌肥存在的问题,因此开发促生特性多样化且促生条件具有广谱性的优良菌株是极其重要的研究方向[39]
本研究从东北山樱根际筛选到5株产IAA菌株,其中D46产量最高,为53.10 mg/L。菌株系统发育树分析将D5鉴定为Priestia sp.、D27和D46鉴定为Enterobacter sp.、D43和D79鉴定为Bacillus sp.。此外,5株细菌具有固氮特性,3株具有溶磷特性,2株具有解钾特性,且对糖、有机酸和氨基酸均具有不同程度的趋化性。接种菌剂试验表明,5株菌株均能在不同程度上提高吉塞拉6号樱桃幼苗的根系活力和呼吸速率,改善根系构型、增强植株光合性能、增加植株生物量来促进植物的生长发育,其中以菌株D27、D46和D79的综合促生效果较好。鉴于自然环境的多变复杂性,促生菌对生产中的果树促生效应还存在诸多不确定性。因此,后期需要进一步探究PGPR对多种环境的耐受性及促生的时空效应,开展相关田间试验验证PGPR的广谱性和抗逆性,为微生物菌肥的生产提供优良多样的菌种资源。
  • 国家自然科学基金(32472663)
  • 国家自然科学基金(30900967)
  • 烟台市科技创新发展计划基础研究项目(2023JCYJ103)
  • 沈阳农业大学横向科研课题(H2022140)
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2025年第65卷第1期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240407
  • 接收时间:2024-07-04
  • 首发时间:2026-03-21
  • 出版时间:2025-01-04
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-04
  • 录用日期:2024-08-30
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472663)
国家自然科学基金(32472663)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(30900967)
国家自然科学基金(30900967)
Basic Research Project of Yantai Science and Technology Innovation Development Plan(2023JCYJ103)
烟台市科技创新发展计划基础研究项目(2023JCYJ103)
Scientific Research Project of Shenyang Agricultural University from Enterprise(H2022140)
沈阳农业大学横向科研课题(H2022140)
作者信息
    沈阳农业大学 园艺学院, 辽宁省果树品质发育与调控重点实验室, 辽宁 沈阳 110866

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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