Article(id=1242093873103704597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242093864144666765, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240225, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1712592000000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1721059200000, acceptedDateStr=2024-07-16, onlineDate=1774067856336, onlineDateStr=2026-03-21, pubDate=1721318400000, pubDateStr=2024-07-19, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774067856336, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774067856336, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774067856336, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1242093864144666765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='10', pageStart='3571', pageEnd='3997', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774067854200, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774067980255, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1242094392937353679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242093864144666765, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1242094392937353680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242093864144666765, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3840, endPage=3852, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242093873527329332, articleId=1242093873103704597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Enzymatic properties and straw-degrading effect of a xylanase derived from rumen, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] To investigate the enzymatic properties and straw-degrading effect of a recombinant xylanase rRuXyn024. [Methods] We cloned RuXyn024 from the rumen of beef cattle and used bioinformatics tools for detailed sequence analysis. The expression vector pET-RuXyn024 was constructed and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) for heterologous expression of RuXyn024. Furthermore, the enzymatic properties and straw-degrading effect of rRuXyn024 were examined. [Results] RuXyn024 was composed of 358 amino acid residues and had a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa, belonging to the GH 10 family. The optimal pH and temperature of rRuXyn024 were pH 7.0 and 40 ℃, respectively. The relative activity of RuXyn024 at pH 6.0−9.0 and 30−70 ℃ remained above 60% and 70%, respectively. With xylan from wheat straw as the substrate, rRuXyn024 showcased the Km and Vmax of 18.8 g/L and 82.6 µg/min, respectively. The activity of rRuXyn024 was inhibited by Mg2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, EDTA, and SDS at 1 mmol/L and 5 mmol/L, as well as 5 mmol/L Ca2+ and β-mercaptoethanol. Cu2+ and β-mercaptoethanol at 5 mmol/L nearly inactivated the enzyme. Mn2+ at 1 mmol/L and 5 mmol/L increased the activity of rRuXyn024 by 46.9% and 35.8%, respectively. The degradation of xylan from wheat straw by rRuXyn024 produced oligosaccharides, including xylotriose and xylobiose. rRuXyn024 could degrade maize straw, rice straw, soybean straw, and rapeseed straw, with the strongest degrading effect on maize straw. [Conclusion] rRuXyn024 exhibits tolerance to broad scopes of pH and temperature and significant potential for improving the utilization of straw by ruminants.

, correspAuthors=Xianghui ZHAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*ZHAO Xianghui, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Longzhang TANG, Qinghua QIU, Chanjuan LIU, Daibo FU, Kehui OUYANG, Xianghui ZHAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1242093876354290335, articleId=1242093873103704597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=一种瘤胃木聚糖酶的酶学特性分析及其对农作物秸秆的水解作用, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【目的】研究重组木聚糖酶rRuXyn024的酶学特性及其对农作物秸秆的水解作用。【方法】从肉牛瘤胃中克隆RuXyn024基因,运用生物信息学工具对该基因序列进行详细分析;构建表达载体pET-RuXyn024,并将其转化入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株中,实现RuXyn024的异源表达;对rRuXyn024的酶学特性进行深入分析,并研究其对农作物秸秆的降解能力。【结果】RuXyn024编码358个氨基酸,大小约为40 kDa,属于GH 10家族。rRuXyn024的最适pH和温度分别为7.0和40 ℃,在pH 6.0−9.0和30−70 ℃下能分别保持最大活性的60%和70%以上。以麦秸木聚糖为底物时,rRuXyn024的Km值和Vmax值分别为18.8 g/L和82.6 µg/min。1 mmol/L和5 mmol/L的Mg2+、Zn2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、EDTA和SDS,5 mmol/L的Ca2+和β-巯基乙醇对rRuXyn024具有明显的抑制作用,其中5 mmol/L的Cu2+、β-巯基乙醇使rRuXyn024接近失活。Mn2+对rRuXyn024具有明显促进作用,1 mmol/L、5 mmol/L的Mn2+使rRuXyn024的活性分别提高了46.9%和35.8%。rRuXyn024水解麦秸木聚糖产生了以木三糖和木二糖为主的寡糖产物。rRuXyn024能够有效水解玉米秸、稻秸、豆秸和油菜秸,其中对玉米秸的水解作用最强。【结论】rRuXyn024具有宽泛的pH和温度适应性,在改善农作物秸秆的反刍动物利用方面具有较大的应用潜力。

, correspAuthors=赵向辉, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《微生物学报》编辑部2024, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=YE3EmMxztSG8VEA4/XWyEw==, magXml=ZE5zwLYyK2lFVSyo0E7VmQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=0Mz1Y0olg/PPc8+3Ktch5Q==, pdfFileSize=1052463, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=IiPnPDYhkE6RcVKEZUQSbg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=RgyWdwReCcVqQgqtxY71HQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=汤龙章, 邱清华, 刘婵娟, 付戴波, 欧阳克蕙, 赵向辉)}, authors=[Author(id=1243285157139034584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243285157243892193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, authorId=1243285157139034584, language=EN, stringName=Longzhang TANG, firstName=Longzhang, middleName=null, lastName=TANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243285157361332710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, authorId=1243285157139034584, language=CN, stringName=汤龙章, firstName=龙章, middleName=null, lastName=汤, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285156941902276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285156946096581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285156941902276, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285156954485190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285156941902276, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045)])]), Author(id=1243285157466190318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243285157566853621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, authorId=1243285157466190318, language=EN, stringName=Qinghua QIU, firstName=Qinghua, middleName=null, lastName=QIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243285157696877052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, authorId=1243285157466190318, language=CN, stringName=邱清华, firstName=清华, middleName=null, lastName=邱, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285156941902276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285156946096581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285156941902276, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285156954485190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285156941902276, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045)])]), Author(id=1243285157835289095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243285158103724563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, authorId=1243285157835289095, language=EN, stringName=Chanjuan LIU, firstName=Chanjuan, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243285158237942299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, authorId=1243285157835289095, language=CN, stringName=刘婵娟, firstName=婵娟, middleName=null, lastName=刘, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285156941902276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285156946096581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285156941902276, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285156954485190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285156941902276, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045)])]), Author(id=1243285158363771428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243285158539932205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, authorId=1243285158363771428, language=EN, stringName=Daibo FU, firstName=Daibo, middleName=null, lastName=FU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 Jiujiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiujiang 332013, Jiangxi, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243285158686732856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, authorId=1243285158363771428, language=CN, stringName=付戴波, firstName=戴波, middleName=null, lastName=付, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 九江市农业科学院, 江西 九江 332013, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285157042565580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285157050954189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285157042565580, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Jiujiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiujiang 332013, Jiangxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285157055148494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285157042565580, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 九江市农业科学院, 江西 九江 332013)])]), Author(id=1243285158850310724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243285159001305676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, authorId=1243285158850310724, language=EN, stringName=Kehui OUYANG, firstName=Kehui, middleName=null, lastName=OUYANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243285159127134804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, authorId=1243285158850310724, language=CN, stringName=欧阳克蕙, firstName=克蕙, middleName=null, lastName=欧阳, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285156941902276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285156946096581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285156941902276, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285156954485190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285156941902276, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045)])]), Author(id=1243285159240381019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhaoxh001@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243285159370404451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, authorId=1243285159240381019, language=EN, stringName=Xianghui ZHAO, firstName=Xianghui, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1 Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243285159500427883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, authorId=1243285159240381019, language=CN, stringName=赵向辉, firstName=向辉, middleName=null, lastName=赵, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285156941902276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285156946096581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285156941902276, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285156954485190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285156941902276, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1243285159710143096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=xylanase), Keyword(id=1243285159798223485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=enzymatic properties), Keyword(id=1243285159919858308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=straw), Keyword(id=1243285160012133007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=degrading effect), Keyword(id=1243285160146350739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=木聚糖酶), Keyword(id=1243285160251208349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=酶学特性), Keyword(id=1243285160339288742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=农作物秸秆), Keyword(id=1243285160460923566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=水解作用)], refs=[Reference(id=1243285163640206165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=12, pageStart=126, pageEnd=129, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=中国饲料, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张湘云, 刘利珍. 农作物秸秆饲料化利用补贴政策的实施现状及优化建议[J]. 中国饲料, 2022(12):126-129., articleTitle=农作物秸秆饲料化利用补贴政策的实施现状及优化建议, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285163795395423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=12, pageStart=126, pageEnd=129, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=China Feed, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG XY, LIU LZ. Implementation status and optimization suggestions of subsidy policy for feed utilization of crop straw[J]. China Feed, 2022(12):126-129., articleTitle=Implementation status and optimization suggestions of subsidy policy for feed utilization of crop straw, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285163908641631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=牟林林. 乳酸菌及酶制剂对稻草青贮发酵品质及微生物多样性的影响[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学硕士学位论文, 2019., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164013499238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MOU LL. Effects of lactic acid bacteria and enzyme preparation on fermentation quality and microbial diversity of rice straw silage[D]. Nanjing: Master's Thesis of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2019 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164130939757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1017/S0021859616000216, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=154, issue=6, pageStart=1110, pageEnd=1117, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=The Journal of Agricultural Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VALLEJO LH, SALEM AZM, CAMACHO LM, KHOLIF AM, MARIEZCURRENA MD, CIPRIANO M, ALONSO MU, OLIVARES J, LOPEZ S. Effects of xylanase supplementation on feed intake, digestibility and ruminal fermentation in Rambouillet sheep[J]. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 2016, 154 (6):1110-1117., articleTitle=Effects of xylanase supplementation on feed intake, digestibility and ruminal fermentation in Rambouillet sheep, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164248380272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.187, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=151, issue=null, pageStart=286, pageEnd=292, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG WJ, PAN K, LIU CJ, QU MR, OUYANG KH, SONG XZ, ZHAO XH. Recombinant Lentinula edodes xylanase improved the hydrolysis and in vitro ruminal fermentation of soybean straw by changing its fiber structure[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020, 151:286-292., articleTitle=Recombinant Lentinula edodes xylanase improved the hydrolysis and in vitro ruminal fermentation of soybean straw by changing its fiber structure, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164332266355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=49, issue=4, pageStart=736, pageEnd=745, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=畜牧兽医学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郭威, 郭晓军, 周贤, 李术娜, 朱宝成. 复合菌剂发酵玉米秸秆对绵羊瘤胃液细菌多样性的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49 (4):736-745., articleTitle=复合菌剂发酵玉米秸秆对绵羊瘤胃液细菌多样性的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164428735352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=49, issue=4, pageStart=736, pageEnd=745, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GUO W, GUO XJ, ZHOU X, LI SN, ZHU BC. Effect of corn stalk fermented by complex bacterial on rumen bacteria diversity in sheep[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2018, 49 (4):736-745., articleTitle=Effect of corn stalk fermented by complex bacterial on rumen bacteria diversity in sheep, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164495844221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=191, issue=null, pageStart=110524, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=Applied Radiation and Isotopes: Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ASLANIYAN A, GHANBARI F, KOUHSAR JB, SHAHRAKI BK. Comparing the effects of gamma ray and alkaline treatments of sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide on chemical composition, ruminal degradation kinetics and crystallinity degree of soybean straw[J]. Applied Radiation and Isotopes: Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine, 2023, 191:110524., articleTitle=Comparing the effects of gamma ray and alkaline treatments of sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide on chemical composition, ruminal degradation kinetics and crystallinity degree of soybean straw, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164604896130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.024, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=253, issue=null, pageStart=244, pageEnd=251, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioresource Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO SG, LI GD, ZHENG N, WANG JQ, YU ZT. Steam explosion enhances digestibility and fermentation of corn stover by facilitating ruminal microbial colonization[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018, 253:244-251., articleTitle=Steam explosion enhances digestibility and fermentation of corn stover by facilitating ruminal microbial colonization, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164726530952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=26, issue=10, pageStart=3149, pageEnd=3158, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=动物营养学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李胜利, 史海涛, 曹志军, 王雅晶. 粗饲料科学利用及评价技术[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014, 26 (10):3149-3158., articleTitle=粗饲料科学利用及评价技术, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164831388557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=26, issue=10, pageStart=3149, pageEnd=3158, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI SL, SHI HT, CAO ZJ, WANG YJ. Scientific utilization and evaluation technology of forage[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2014, 26 (10):3149-3158., articleTitle=Scientific utilization and evaluation technology of forage, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164957217682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.5713/ajas.2010.80619, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=23, issue=5, pageStart=680, pageEnd=692, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SARNKLONG C, CONE JW, PELLIKAAN W, HENDRIKS WH. Utilization of rice straw and different treatments to improve its feed value for ruminants: a review[J]. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2010, 23 (5):680-692., articleTitle=Utilization of rice straw and different treatments to improve its feed value for ruminants: a review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285166903374742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=13, issue=null, pageStart=477, pageEnd=487, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MAO H, WU CH, WANG JK, LIU JX. Synergistic effect of cellulase and xylanase on in vitro rumen fermentation and microbial population with rice straw as substrate[J]. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 2013, 13:477-487., articleTitle=Synergistic effect of cellulase and xylanase on in vitro rumen fermentation and microbial population with rice straw as substrate, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167025009563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=4, pageStart=138, pageEnd=144, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=食品工业科技, refType=null, unstructuredReference=葛雨杭, 陈美汐, 孙博, 吴松娜, 万群. 木聚糖酶TgXyn2的酶学特性研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2022, 43 (4):138-144., articleTitle=木聚糖酶TgXyn2的酶学特性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167129867165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=4, pageStart=138, pageEnd=144, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=Science and Technology of Food Industry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GE YH, CHEN MX, SUN B, WU SN, WAN Q. Enzymatic characterization of xylanase TgXyn2[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2022, 43 (4):138-144., articleTitle=Enzymatic characterization of xylanase TgXyn2, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167196976034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=4, issue=12, pageStart=6668, pageEnd=6679, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN HM, ZHAO XB, LIU DH. Relative significance of the negative impacts of hemicelluloses on enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis is dependent on lignin content: evidence from substrate structural features and protein adsorption[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2016, 4 (12):6668-6679., articleTitle=Relative significance of the negative impacts of hemicelluloses on enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis is dependent on lignin content: evidence from substrate structural features and protein adsorption, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167280862118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=118, issue=Part B, pageStart=1676, pageEnd=1684, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SANTOS JPD, ZAVAREZE EDR, DIAS ARG, VANIER NL. Immobilization of xylanase and xylanase-β-cyclodextrin complex in polyvinyl alcohol via electrospinning improves enzyme activity at a wide pH and temperature range[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2018, 118 (Part B):1676-1684., articleTitle=Immobilization of xylanase and xylanase-β-cyclodextrin complex in polyvinyl alcohol via electrospinning improves enzyme activity at a wide pH and temperature range, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167381525419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1186/1754-6834-4-36, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=4, issue=null, pageStart=36, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=Biotechnology for Biofuels, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HU JG, ARANTES V, SADDLER JN. The enhancement of enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates by the addition of accessory enzymes such as xylanase: is it an additive or synergistic effect?[J]. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 2011, 4:36., articleTitle=The enhancement of enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates by the addition of accessory enzymes such as xylanase: is it an additive or synergistic effect?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167490577325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.146, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=220, issue=null, pageStart=1309, pageEnd=1317, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZH U LL, LIU CJ, LI YJ, PAN K, OUYANG KH, SONG XZ, XIONG XW, QU MR, ZHAO XH. Characteristics of recombinant xylanase from camel rumen metagenome and its effects on wheat bran hydrolysis[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2022, 220:1309-1317., articleTitle=Characteristics of recombinant xylanase from camel rumen metagenome and its effects on wheat bran hydrolysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167612212148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00827, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=70, issue=21, pageStart=6493, pageEnd=6502, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HU D, ZHAO XH. Characterization of a new xylanase found in the rumen metagenome and its effects on the hydrolysis of wheat[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2022, 70 (21):6493-6502., articleTitle=Characterization of a new xylanase found in the rumen metagenome and its effects on the hydrolysis of wheat, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167729652665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1016/j.fbio.2023.103360, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=56, issue=null, pageStart=103360, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=Food Bioscience, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI T, LEI XW, WANG L, LIU CJ, QIU QH, LI YJ, SONG XZ, XIONG XW, ZANG YT, QU MR, OUYANG KH, ZHAO XH. Production of xylo-oligosaccharides with degree of polymerization 3–5 from wheat straw xylan by a xylanase derived from rumen metagenome and utilization by probiotics[J]. Food Bioscience, 2023, 56:103360., articleTitle=Production of xylo-oligosaccharides with degree of polymerization 3–5 from wheat straw xylan by a xylanase derived from rumen metagenome and utilization by probiotics, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167842898877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1007/s00253-020-10562-7, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=104, issue=11, pageStart=4889, pageEnd=4901, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JOSHI N, SHARMA M, SINGH SP. Characterization of a novel xylanase from an extreme temperature hot spring metagenome for xylooligosaccharide production[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2020, 104 (11):4889-4901., articleTitle=Characterization of a novel xylanase from an extreme temperature hot spring metagenome for xylooligosaccharide production, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167993893825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1007/s11274-018-2505-9, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=34, issue=8, pageStart=123, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HAN ZG, SHANG-GUAN F, YANG JK. Characterization of a novel cold-active xylanase from Luteimonas species[J]. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2018, 34 (8):123., articleTitle=Characterization of a novel cold-active xylanase from Luteimonas species, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285168102945736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1021/jf302337w, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=60, issue=51, pageStart=12516, pageEnd=12524, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHENG FS, SHENG JP, DONG RB, MEN YJ, GAN L, SHEN L. Novel xylanase from a holstein cattle rumen metagenomic library and its application in xylooligosaccharide and ferulic acid production from wheat straw[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2012, 60 (51):12516-12524., articleTitle=Novel xylanase from a holstein cattle rumen metagenomic library and its application in xylooligosaccharide and ferulic acid production from wheat straw, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285168203609036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109743, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=144, issue=null, pageStart=109743, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=Enzyme and Microbial Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VACILOTTO MM, SEPULCHRO AGV, PELLEGRINI VOA, POLIKARPOV I. Production of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides from arabino- and glucuronoxylan using a two-domain Jonesia denitrificans xylanase from GH10 family[J]. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2021, 144:109743., articleTitle=Production of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides from arabino- and glucuronoxylan using a two-domain Jonesia denitrificans xylanase from GH10 family, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285168342021074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1007/s13205-021-02956-9, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=11, issue=9, pageStart=406, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=3 Biotech, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WEN ST, WU GG, WU HW. Biochemical characterization of a GH10 xylanase from the anaerobic rumen fungus Anaeromyces robustus and application in bread making[J]. 3 Biotech, 2021, 11 (9):406., articleTitle=Biochemical characterization of a GH10 xylanase from the anaerobic rumen fungus Anaeromyces robustus and application in bread making, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285168451072982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1016/j.carres.2018.08.010, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=469, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=Carbohydrate Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KIM HB, LEE KT, KIM MJ, LEE JS, KIM KS. Identification and characterization of a novel KG42 xylanase (GH10 family) isolated from the black goat rumen-derived metagenomic library[J]. Carbohydrate Research, 2018, 469:1-9., articleTitle=Identification and characterization of a novel KG42 xylanase (GH10 family) isolated from the black goat rumen-derived metagenomic library, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285168572707802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.11.024, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=54, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=8, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BHUNIA B, BASAK B, MANDAL T, BHATTACHARYA P, DEY A. Effect of pH and temperature on stability and kinetics of novel extracellular serine alkaline protease (70 kDa)[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2013, 54:1-8., articleTitle=Effect of pH and temperature on stability and kinetics of novel extracellular serine alkaline protease (70 kDa), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285168669176797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.3168/jds.2014-8819, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=98, issue=7, pageStart=4646, pageEnd=4658, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Dairy Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CASTRO-COSTA A, SALAMA AAK, MOLL X, AGUILÓ J, CAJA G. Using wireless rumen sensors for evaluating the effects of diet and ambient temperature in nonlactating dairy goats[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2015, 98 (7):4646-4658., articleTitle=Using wireless rumen sensors for evaluating the effects of diet and ambient temperature in nonlactating dairy goats, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285168786617317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1071/AN09048, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=50, issue=2, pageStart=98, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=Animal Production Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KAUR R, GARCIA SC, HORADAGODA A, FULKERSON WJ. Evaluation of rumen probe for continuous monitoring of rumen pH, temperature and pressure[J]. Animal Production Science, 2010, 50 (2):98., articleTitle=Evaluation of rumen probe for continuous monitoring of rumen pH, temperature and pressure, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285168916640746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1997, volume=95, issue=1, pageStart=13, pageEnd=22, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HEMIDA SK, OMAR SA, ABDEL-MALLEK AY. Microbial populations and enzyme activity in soil treated with heavy metals[J]. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 1997, 95 (1):13-22., articleTitle=Microbial populations and enzyme activity in soil treated with heavy metals, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285169042469871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.028, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=171, issue=null, pageStart=382, pageEnd=388, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GU SF, LIU CJ, ZHANG WJ, QU MR, LI YJ, ZANG YT, XIONG XW, PAN K, ZHAO XH. Characteristics of a recombinant Fusarium verticillioides cutinase and its effects on enzymatic hydrolysis of rice straw[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2021, 171:382-388., articleTitle=Characteristics of a recombinant Fusarium verticillioides cutinase and its effects on enzymatic hydrolysis of rice straw, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285169155716082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2012.10.087, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=128, issue=null, pageStart=145, pageEnd=155, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioresource Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN SC, KAUFMAN MG, MIAZGOWICZ KL, BAGDASARIAN M, WALKER ED. Molecular characterization of a cold-active recombinant xylanase from Flavobacterium johnsoniae and its applicability in xylan hydrolysis[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 128:145-155., articleTitle=Molecular characterization of a cold-active recombinant xylanase from Flavobacterium johnsoniae and its applicability in xylan hydrolysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285169252185081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1038/s41598-021-89916-8, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=10440, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=Scientific Reports, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PAVARINA GC, de MACEDO LEMOS EG, LIMA NSM, PIZAURO JR JM. Characterization of a new bifunctional endo-1, 4-β-xylanase/esterase found in the rumen metagenome[J]. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11:10440., articleTitle=Characterization of a new bifunctional endo-1, 4-β-xylanase/esterase found in the rumen metagenome, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285169398985725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1007/s12010-015-1823-8, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=177, issue=7, pageStart=1424, pageEnd=1436, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Q, LUO Y, HE B, JIANG LS, LIU JX, WANG JK. Characterization of a novel xylanase gene from rumen content of Hu sheep[J]. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2015, 177 (7):1424-1436., articleTitle=Characterization of a novel xylanase gene from rumen content of Hu sheep, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285169520620542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=2017, issue=null, pageStart=4018398, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=International Journal of Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=AL-DARKAZALI H, MEEVOOTISOM V, ISARANGKUL D, WIYAKRUTTA S. Gene expression and molecular characterization of a xylanase from chicken cecum metagenome[J]. International Journal of Microbiology, 2017, 2017:4018398., articleTitle=Gene expression and molecular characterization of a xylanase from chicken cecum metagenome, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285169646448643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1002/bbb.2145, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=15, issue=1, pageStart=61, pageEnd=73, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SINGH RD, MUIR J, ARORA A. Concentration of xylooligosaccharides with a low degree of polymerization using membranes and their effect on bacterial fermentation[J]. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2021, 15 (1):61-73., articleTitle=Concentration of xylooligosaccharides with a low degree of polymerization using membranes and their effect on bacterial fermentation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285169738723335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1007/BF00166093, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1994, volume=41, issue=1, pageStart=124, pageEnd=129, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VIIKARI L, KANTELINEN A, BUCHERT J, PULS J. Enzymatic accessibility of xylans in lignocellulosic materials[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 1994, 41 (1):124-129., articleTitle=Enzymatic accessibility of xylans in lignocellulosic materials, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285169830998028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.01.007, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=110, issue=null, pageStart=13, pageEnd=16, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=Biomass and Bioenergy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HU JG, SADDLER JN. Why does GH10 xylanase have better performance than GH11 xylanase for the deconstruction of pretreated biomass?[J]. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2018, 110:13-16., articleTitle=Why does GH10 xylanase have better performance than GH11 xylanase for the deconstruction of pretreated biomass?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285169927467026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.3390/polym14091662, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=14, issue=9, pageStart=1662, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=Polymers, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cătălin AP, SUDITU GD, DANU M, AILIESEI GL, NECHITA MT. An experimental study on the hot alkali extraction of xylan-based hemicelluloses from wheat straw and corn stalks and optimization methods[J]. Polymers, 2022, 14 (9):1662., articleTitle=An experimental study on the hot alkali extraction of xylan-based hemicelluloses from wheat straw and corn stalks and optimization methods, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285170015547412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115373, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=290, issue=null, pageStart=115373, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=Animal Feed Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MIORIN RL, BATISTA LHC, NASCIMENTO FA, COSTA E, SILVA LF, KOONTZ A, PETTIGREW JE, RESENDE FD, SIQUEIRA GR. Effect of supplementation strategies and the use of exogenous xylanase enzyme on ruminal fermentation, digestibility, animal performance, and carcass characteristics of Nellore bulls grazing during dry season[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2022, 290:115373., articleTitle=Effect of supplementation strategies and the use of exogenous xylanase enzyme on ruminal fermentation, digestibility, animal performance, and carcass characteristics of Nellore bulls grazing during dry season, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285170141376538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=10.1186/s40104-021-00617-8, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=12, issue=1, pageStart=98, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SINGH AK, MISHRA B, BEDFORD MR, JHA R. Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 2021, 12 (1):98., articleTitle=Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285170237845532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=14, issue=1, pageStart=118, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=Animals: an Open Access Journal from MDPI, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TANG LZ, LEI XW, OUYANG KH, WANG L, QIU QH, LI YJ, ZANG YT, LIU CJ, ZHAO XH. A glycosyl hydrolase 30 family xylanase from the rumen metagenome and its effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation of wheat straw[J]. Animals: an Open Access Journal from MDPI, 2023, 14 (1):118., articleTitle=A glycosyl hydrolase 30 family xylanase from the rumen metagenome and its effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation of wheat straw, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1243285162507744024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, awardId=20224ACB205007, language=EN, fundingSource=Natural Science Foundation Key Project of Jiangxi Province(20224ACB205007), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285162637767455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, awardId=20224ACB205007, language=CN, fundingSource=江西省自然科学基金重点项目(20224ACB205007), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285162763596579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, awardId=20232BBF60009, language=EN, fundingSource=Key Research and Development Plan of Jiangxi Province(20232BBF60009), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285162902008620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, awardId=20232BBF60009, language=CN, fundingSource=江西省重点研发计划(20232BBF60009), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285163011060528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, awardId=20221ZDF03017, language=EN, fundingSource=Central Government Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Special Fund(20221ZDF03017), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285163145278264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, awardId=20221ZDF03017, language=CN, fundingSource=中央引导地方科技发展专项资金(20221ZDF03017), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285163283690307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, awardId=JXAUCXTD008, language=EN, fundingSource=Young Scientific Research and Innovation Team Project of Jiangxi Agricultural University(JXAUCXTD008), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285163396936522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, awardId=JXAUCXTD008, language=CN, fundingSource=江西农业大学年轻科研创新团队项目(JXAUCXTD008), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285156941902276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285156946096581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285156941902276, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285156954485190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285156941902276, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045)]), AuthorCompany(id=1243285157042565580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285157050954189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285157042565580, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Jiujiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiujiang 332013, Jiangxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285157055148494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, companyId=1243285157042565580, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 九江市农业科学院, 江西 九江 332013)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1243285160716776122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Identification of the transformants of RuXyn024 (A) and its phylogenetic tree (B). Lane M is the nucleic acid marker; Lanes 1−10 are the PCR products of the transformants., figureFileSmall=5uz0UVd2b+7p9iVQltbRFw==, figureFileBig=gaFghPP/R8eW77vg+7smjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285160838410944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=CN, label=图1, caption=RuXyn024的转化子鉴定(A)及其系统发育树(B)

泳道M:核酸Marker;泳道1−10:转化子的PCR产物图

, figureFileSmall=5uz0UVd2b+7p9iVQltbRFw==, figureFileBig=gaFghPP/R8eW77vg+7smjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285160985211598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Homology modeling, molecular docking, and alanine scanning of RuXyn024. A: Homology modeling and molecular docking of RuXyn024. B: The interaction between ligand molecule and the amino acids of RuXyn024. C: Alanine scanning of RuXyn024., figureFileSmall=CW/Gg9ZXjNX998JV9n81+g==, figureFileBig=L6vrZXUvSTvGU5vGMAKjbA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161090069197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=CN, label=图2, caption=RuXyn024的同源建模、分子对接和丙氨酸扫描, figureFileSmall=CW/Gg9ZXjNX998JV9n81+g==, figureFileBig=L6vrZXUvSTvGU5vGMAKjbA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161186538195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Expression and enzymatic characterization of rRuXyn024. A: SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis of rRuXyn024. M: Protein marker; Lane 1: Untransformed E. coli cell lysate; Lane 2: Disrupted supernatant of E. coli expressing recombinant rRuXyn024; Lane 3: Cell lysate of E. coli with recombinant rRuXyn024; Lane 4: Western blotting analysis of rRuXyn024. B: pH dependence of rRuXyn024. C: The optimal reaction temperature and temperature stability of rRuXyn024. D: Substrate specificity of rRuXyn024., figureFileSmall=J4Qx3WUHlrfl+BGvSV6zfw==, figureFileBig=Ut310aKc2Snu8fWvDvko+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161257841371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=CN, label=图3, caption=rRuXyn024的表达和酶学特性分析, figureFileSmall=J4Qx3WUHlrfl+BGvSV6zfw==, figureFileBig=Ut310aKc2Snu8fWvDvko+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161362698976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Analysis of enzymatic hydrolysis products of rRuXyn024., figureFileSmall=XloFw9FDfW6B2pVAYYTYpg==, figureFileBig=dgEQ5cOeOnFcZ1pg3XbocA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161484333798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=CN, label=图4, caption=rRuXyn024的酶解产物分析, figureFileSmall=XloFw9FDfW6B2pVAYYTYpg==, figureFileBig=dgEQ5cOeOnFcZ1pg3XbocA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161605968621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=The hydrolytic effect of rRuXyn024 on crop straws., figureFileSmall=S6U9JW4kNSbjz6lFOteCvA==, figureFileBig=T5FAM27tJjYot68aEEjxvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161723409138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=CN, label=图5, caption=rRuXyn024对农作物秸秆的水解作用, figureFileSmall=S6U9JW4kNSbjz6lFOteCvA==, figureFileBig=T5FAM27tJjYot68aEEjxvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161836655349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The effects of metal ions, inhibitors, and detergents on the activity of rRuXyn024

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemConcentrationRelative activity (%)ItemConcentrationRelative activity (%)
K+1 mmol/L97.20±2.15EDTA1 mmol/L42.10±0.56
5 mmol/L98.50±0.855 mmol/L29.10±1.67
Ca2+1 mmol/L97.10±2.36SDS1 mmol/L50.40±1.52
5 mmol/L47.90±2.505 mmol/L3.40±2.70
Na+1 mmol/L99.80±3.29β-mercaptoethanol1 mmol/L81.40±2.19
5 mmol/L106.80±1.605 mmol/L7.90±1.05
Mg2+1 mmol/L74.90±4.08Tween-200.10% (V/V)91.50±1.45
5 mmol/L50.80±1.490.50% (V/V)86.50±1.55
Zn2+1 mmol/L74.50±5.42Triton X-1000.10% (V/V)90.40±1.49
5 mmol/L41.30±0.320.50% (V/V)96.30±2.39
Cu2+1 mmol/L53.00±2.40DTT1 mmol/L85.60±3.08
5 mmol/L2.20±0.225 mmol/L88.30±1.28
Mn2+1 mmol/L146.90±6.58
5 mmol/L135.80±2.61
Ni2+1 mmol/L53.10±5.23
5 mmol/L28.60±2.63
), ArticleFig(id=1243285161975067390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

金属离子、抑制剂以及洗涤剂对rRuXyn024活性的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemConcentrationRelative activity (%)ItemConcentrationRelative activity (%)
K+1 mmol/L97.20±2.15EDTA1 mmol/L42.10±0.56
5 mmol/L98.50±0.855 mmol/L29.10±1.67
Ca2+1 mmol/L97.10±2.36SDS1 mmol/L50.40±1.52
5 mmol/L47.90±2.505 mmol/L3.40±2.70
Na+1 mmol/L99.80±3.29β-mercaptoethanol1 mmol/L81.40±2.19
5 mmol/L106.80±1.605 mmol/L7.90±1.05
Mg2+1 mmol/L74.90±4.08Tween-200.10% (V/V)91.50±1.45
5 mmol/L50.80±1.490.50% (V/V)86.50±1.55
Zn2+1 mmol/L74.50±5.42Triton X-1000.10% (V/V)90.40±1.49
5 mmol/L41.30±0.320.50% (V/V)96.30±2.39
Cu2+1 mmol/L53.00±2.40DTT1 mmol/L85.60±3.08
5 mmol/L2.20±0.225 mmol/L88.30±1.28
Mn2+1 mmol/L146.90±6.58
5 mmol/L135.80±2.61
Ni2+1 mmol/L53.10±5.23
5 mmol/L28.60±2.63
), ArticleFig(id=1243285162109285121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Comparison of rRuXyn024 with some xylanases

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SourceMolecular weight (kDa)Optimum pH and temperatureSubstrateMain xylo-oligosaccharide productsReferences
Rumen metagenome67.06.0, 50 ℃Wheat straw xylanX4, X3, X5[17]
Hot spring metagenome40.07.0, 80 ℃Beechwood xylanX2, X3[18]
Luteimonas abyssi, XH031T45.06.5, 30 ℃Beechwood xylanX2, X4[19]
Rumen metagenome41.56.5, 40 ℃Birchwood xylanX2, X3, X5[20]
Anaeromyces robustus44.05.5, 40 ℃Beechwood xylanX2, X3[21]
Jonesia denitrificans52.47.0, 55 ℃Beechwood xylanX2, X3[22]
Rumen metagenome41.05.0, 50 ℃Birchwood xylanX2, X3, X5[23]
Rumen metagenome40.47.0, 40 ℃Wheat straw xylanX2, X3rRuXyn024
), ArticleFig(id=1243285162260280072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093873103704597, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

rRuXyn024与部分木聚糖酶的对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SourceMolecular weight (kDa)Optimum pH and temperatureSubstrateMain xylo-oligosaccharide productsReferences
Rumen metagenome67.06.0, 50 ℃Wheat straw xylanX4, X3, X5[17]
Hot spring metagenome40.07.0, 80 ℃Beechwood xylanX2, X3[18]
Luteimonas abyssi, XH031T45.06.5, 30 ℃Beechwood xylanX2, X4[19]
Rumen metagenome41.56.5, 40 ℃Birchwood xylanX2, X3, X5[20]
Anaeromyces robustus44.05.5, 40 ℃Beechwood xylanX2, X3[21]
Jonesia denitrificans52.47.0, 55 ℃Beechwood xylanX2, X3[22]
Rumen metagenome41.05.0, 50 ℃Birchwood xylanX2, X3, X5[23]
Rumen metagenome40.47.0, 40 ℃Wheat straw xylanX2, X3rRuXyn024
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1192105720683257860, delFlag=0, nameCn=微生物学报, nameEn=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0001-6209, eissn=null, cn=11-1995/Q, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1762149752067, updatedTime=1762150746905, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=A, firstLetterEn=A, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, picEn=R/d5eSUu8/o5mAGWCF3M5Q==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1192109893441171829, language=CN, name=微生物学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1762150746928, updatedTime=1762150746928, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1192109893512474998, language=EN, name=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1762150746944, updatedTime=1762150746944, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1192105938417971205, websiteList=[Website(id=1192106105867223981, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1192105938417971205, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1762149843899, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1762149888800, updateBy=18614031015, name=微生物学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=微生物学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1192107120863626198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1762150085893, updateTime=1762150085893, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120834266067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1762150085886, updateTime=1762150085886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120892986329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085900, updateTime=1762150085900, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120825877458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=FOz4Ks7dC79FYnCEBIlMdw==, createTime=1762150085884, updateTime=1762150085884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120905569243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085903, updateTime=1762150085903, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120846848981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1762150085889, updateTime=1762150085889, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120897180634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085901, updateTime=1762150085901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120842654676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1762150085888, updateTime=1762150085888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120872014807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1762150085895, updateTime=1762150085895, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120880403416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1762150085897, updateTime=1762150085897, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1192106106018218929, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1192105938417971205, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1762149843935, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1762149925242, updateBy=18614031015, name=微生物学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1192107140455220192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1762150090564, updateTime=1762150090564, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140434248669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1762150090559, updateTime=1762150090559, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140476191715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090569, updateTime=1762150090569, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140425860060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=FOz4Ks7dC79FYnCEBIlMdw==, createTime=1762150090557, updateTime=1762150090557, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140484580325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090571, updateTime=1762150090571, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140451025887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1762150090563, updateTime=1762150090563, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140480386020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090570, updateTime=1762150090570, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140442637278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1762150090561, updateTime=1762150090561, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140463608801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1762150090566, updateTime=1762150090566, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140467803106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1762150090567, updateTime=1762150090567, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=微生物学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, journalPhotoCn=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, journalPhotoEn=R/d5eSUu8/o5mAGWCF3M5Q==, journalFirstLetter=A, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240225, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240225, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/PDF/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240225, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/PDF/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240225, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
一种瘤胃木聚糖酶的酶学特性分析及其对农作物秸秆的水解作用
收藏切换
PDF下载
汤龙章 1 , 邱清华 1 , 刘婵娟 1 , 付戴波 2 , 欧阳克蕙 1 , 赵向辉 1, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(10): 3840-3852
收起
收藏切换
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(10): 3840-3852
一种瘤胃木聚糖酶的酶学特性分析及其对农作物秸秆的水解作用
全屏
汤龙章1, 邱清华1, 刘婵娟1, 付戴波2, 欧阳克蕙1, 赵向辉1, *
作者信息
  • 1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045
  • 2 九江市农业科学院, 江西 九江 332013
Enzymatic properties and straw-degrading effect of a xylanase derived from rumen
Longzhang TANG1, Qinghua QIU1, Chanjuan LIU1, Daibo FU2, Kehui OUYANG1, Xianghui ZHAO1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China
  • 2 Jiujiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiujiang 332013, Jiangxi, China
出版时间: 2024-07-19 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240225
文章导航
收藏切换

【目的】研究重组木聚糖酶rRuXyn024的酶学特性及其对农作物秸秆的水解作用。【方法】从肉牛瘤胃中克隆RuXyn024基因,运用生物信息学工具对该基因序列进行详细分析;构建表达载体pET-RuXyn024,并将其转化入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株中,实现RuXyn024的异源表达;对rRuXyn024的酶学特性进行深入分析,并研究其对农作物秸秆的降解能力。【结果】RuXyn024编码358个氨基酸,大小约为40 kDa,属于GH 10家族。rRuXyn024的最适pH和温度分别为7.0和40 ℃,在pH 6.0−9.0和30−70 ℃下能分别保持最大活性的60%和70%以上。以麦秸木聚糖为底物时,rRuXyn024的Km值和Vmax值分别为18.8 g/L和82.6 µg/min。1 mmol/L和5 mmol/L的Mg2+、Zn2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、EDTA和SDS,5 mmol/L的Ca2+和β-巯基乙醇对rRuXyn024具有明显的抑制作用,其中5 mmol/L的Cu2+、β-巯基乙醇使rRuXyn024接近失活。Mn2+对rRuXyn024具有明显促进作用,1 mmol/L、5 mmol/L的Mn2+使rRuXyn024的活性分别提高了46.9%和35.8%。rRuXyn024水解麦秸木聚糖产生了以木三糖和木二糖为主的寡糖产物。rRuXyn024能够有效水解玉米秸、稻秸、豆秸和油菜秸,其中对玉米秸的水解作用最强。【结论】rRuXyn024具有宽泛的pH和温度适应性,在改善农作物秸秆的反刍动物利用方面具有较大的应用潜力。

木聚糖酶  /  酶学特性  /  农作物秸秆  /  水解作用

[Objective] To investigate the enzymatic properties and straw-degrading effect of a recombinant xylanase rRuXyn024. [Methods] We cloned RuXyn024 from the rumen of beef cattle and used bioinformatics tools for detailed sequence analysis. The expression vector pET-RuXyn024 was constructed and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) for heterologous expression of RuXyn024. Furthermore, the enzymatic properties and straw-degrading effect of rRuXyn024 were examined. [Results] RuXyn024 was composed of 358 amino acid residues and had a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa, belonging to the GH 10 family. The optimal pH and temperature of rRuXyn024 were pH 7.0 and 40 ℃, respectively. The relative activity of RuXyn024 at pH 6.0−9.0 and 30−70 ℃ remained above 60% and 70%, respectively. With xylan from wheat straw as the substrate, rRuXyn024 showcased the Km and Vmax of 18.8 g/L and 82.6 µg/min, respectively. The activity of rRuXyn024 was inhibited by Mg2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, EDTA, and SDS at 1 mmol/L and 5 mmol/L, as well as 5 mmol/L Ca2+ and β-mercaptoethanol. Cu2+ and β-mercaptoethanol at 5 mmol/L nearly inactivated the enzyme. Mn2+ at 1 mmol/L and 5 mmol/L increased the activity of rRuXyn024 by 46.9% and 35.8%, respectively. The degradation of xylan from wheat straw by rRuXyn024 produced oligosaccharides, including xylotriose and xylobiose. rRuXyn024 could degrade maize straw, rice straw, soybean straw, and rapeseed straw, with the strongest degrading effect on maize straw. [Conclusion] rRuXyn024 exhibits tolerance to broad scopes of pH and temperature and significant potential for improving the utilization of straw by ruminants.

xylanase  /  enzymatic properties  /  straw  /  degrading effect
汤龙章, 邱清华, 刘婵娟, 付戴波, 欧阳克蕙, 赵向辉. 一种瘤胃木聚糖酶的酶学特性分析及其对农作物秸秆的水解作用. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (10) : 3840 -3852 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240225
Longzhang TANG, Qinghua QIU, Chanjuan LIU, Daibo FU, Kehui OUYANG, Xianghui ZHAO. Enzymatic properties and straw-degrading effect of a xylanase derived from rumen[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (10) : 3840 -3852 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240225
我国作为农业大国,拥有丰富的秸秆资源,2021年主要农作物秸秆资源产量约7.33亿t[1]。目前,秸秆资源的利用途径主要包括肥料化、饲料化和能源化,其中饲料化利用约占秸秆资源总量的25%[2],主要应用于反刍动物养殖业。农作物秸秆中含有丰富的纤维素和半纤维素等结构性碳水化合物,是反刍动物有效纤维和能量的主要来源。然而,大多数农作物秸秆质地坚硬,纤维物质间结构交联复杂,严重限制了瘤胃微生物及其水解酶的黏附和渗透,致使秸秆的瘤胃消化率通常不超过50%[3-5]。一些物理和化学加工方法,如蒸汽爆破、酸和碱处理,可以通过破坏秸秆中的木质素-碳水化合物复合物和纤维素结晶度来提高秸秆的瘤胃消化率[6-8],同时将秸秆表皮以内的营养物质暴露出来供动物利用。然而,昂贵的设备要求、高能耗,以及对动物和环境的高风险是这些技术面临的主要问题[9]。相比之下,生物酶在农业秸秆加工利用中表现出的高效性、专一性和温和的反应条件,引起了研究人员的极大兴趣[10]。探索一种能够高效降解秸秆的生物酶,对于提升秸秆资源的利用效率和促进农业可持续发展具有重要意义。
木聚糖是植物细胞壁中半纤维素的主要组成骨架,与木质素共同包裹纤维素,阻碍了反刍动物瘤胃对秸秆纤维物质的利用[11]。去除木聚糖可以破坏植物细胞壁,增加秸秆的孔隙率和比表面积,进而提高纤维素的可消化性[12]。木聚糖酶是木聚糖水解过程中的关键酶[13]。在木质纤维底物中添加木聚糖酶,不仅可以降解半纤维素中的木聚糖,还可以通过增加纤维素酶对纤维素的可及性提高纤维素的水解效率[14]。然而,我们课题组先前的研究发现,尽管木聚糖酶在以木聚糖为底物时均显示出较高的活性,但并非所有的木聚糖酶都能有效降解秸秆[15-16]。这一发现指出,秸秆的有效降解需要特定高效木聚糖酶的参与。本研究从肉牛瘤胃中克隆了一种木聚糖酶基因(RuXyn024),分析了该重组酶(rRuXyn024)的酶学特性和对农作物秸秆的水解能力,发现rRuXyn024能够有效地水解玉米、稻草等农作物秸秆,这为通过rRuXyn024改善农作物秸秆在反刍动物生产中的利用提供了数据支撑。
大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli) Top10、E. coli BL21(DE3)购自北京全式金生物技术股份有限公司;质粒pET-28a(+)、瘤胃液相微生物DNA为实验室前期保存;限制性内切酶、高保真DNA聚合酶、同源重组试剂盒购自翌圣生物科技(上海)股份有限公司;磁珠法土壤和粪便基因组DNA提取试剂盒、质粒提取试剂盒和胶回收试剂盒购自天根生化科技(北京)有限公司。
根据本实验室测序得到的瘤胃微生物宏基因组数据(NCBI Bioproject:PRJNA806344)设计木聚糖酶RuXyn024引物RuXyn024-F (5′-CTTTAAGAAGGAGA TATACCATATGGCCATTGCC GCACTGACAAC-3′) 和RuXyn024-R (5′-CAGTGGTGGTGGT GGTGGTGCTCGAG TTTGAATAGTT TGATAATGTC-3′), 分别引入含 Nde I和Xho I酶切位点的同源臂(下划线部分)。
使用磁珠法土壤和粪便基因组DNA提取试剂盒,参照说明书提取瘤胃液DNA。以瘤胃液相微生物DNA为模板,利用上述引物进行PCR扩增。PCR反应体系:2×PCR buffer (含Mg2+,dNTPs) 25.0 μL,上、下游引物(10 µmol/L)各2.0 μL,模板DNA 0.6 μL,Hieff Canace® Plus-High Fidelity DNA Polymerase (1 U/μL) 1.0 μL,ddH2O补至50.0 μL。PCR反应条件:98 ℃预变性3 min;98 ℃变性10 s,60 ℃退火20 s,72 ℃延伸45 s,35个循环;72 ℃延伸5 min。对扩增出的RuXyn024基因片段进行割胶回收。利用Nde I和Xho I对载体pET-28a(+)进行双酶切,通过核酸电泳对大的载体片段进行割胶回收。通过同源重组试剂盒将2个片段连接,命名为pET-RuXyn024,通过热激转入E. coli Top10感受态,提取重组质粒进行酶切鉴定和测序分析。利用MEGA 11、Phyre2、Discovery Studio等软件进行RuXyn024系统发育树的构建、同源建模和分子对接[17]。分子对接过程中采用木四糖代替木聚糖作为对接底物。将验证正确的pET-RuXyn024转入E. coli BL21(DE3),挑取阳性转化子,获得表达菌株。
将表达菌株接种于2 mL含50 µg/mL硫酸卡那霉素的LB培养基中,于37 ℃、120 r/min振荡培养过夜,再以1%的接种量转接至50 mL相同培养基的500 mL三角瓶中,同等条件培养至菌体的OD600为0.6−0.8时,加入终浓度为0.2 mmol/L的异丙基-β-d-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(isopropyl β-d-thiogalactoside, IPTG),20 ℃、80 r/min诱导培养20 h。4 ℃、12 000 r/min离心3 min收集菌体,用PBS缓冲液重悬菌体,于冰浴中利用超声波破碎细胞,离心获得上清(粗酶液),将上清进行SDS-PAGE检测,并通过Western blotting进行验证。
以麦秸木聚糖为底物,探究rRuXyn024的最适pH、最适温度、温度耐受性、底物特异性、酶促动力学参数,以及离子、抑制剂对rRuXyn024活性的影响等酶学特性。使用3, 5-二硝基水杨酸(3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid, DNS)比色法测定还原糖生成量。最适pH的测定选用如下缓冲体系:柠檬酸-磷酸氢二钠缓冲液(pH 3.0−7.0)、Tris-HCl缓冲液(pH 7.0−9.0)和甘氨酸-NaOH缓冲液(pH 9.0−10.0)。将含1%麦秸木聚糖、粗酶液和不同缓冲液组成的反应混合液在40 ℃、100 r/min孵育10 min,加入DNS溶液终止反应,沸水浴10 min,冷却后于540 nm处比色,测定OD值。根据木聚糖标准曲线计算rRuXyn024的酶活性。在最适pH下,将反应混合液分别在30、40、50、60和70 ℃下,100 r/min振荡孵育10 min,测定rRuXyn024活性,确定rRuXyn024的最适温度。将粗酶液分别在30、35、40、45、50、55和60 ℃下预处理10 min,随后于最适条件测定rRuXyn024的残留活性,以未处理酶样活性为100%,分析rRuXyn024的温度耐受性。以1%的木聚糖、微晶纤维素、壳聚糖、羧甲基纤维素钠为底物,在最适条件下测定rRuXyn024的活性,分析rRuXyn024的底物特异性。在反应体系中分别添加1 mmol/L、5 mmol/L的K+、Ca2+、Na+、Mg2+、Zn2+、Cu2+、Mn2+、Ni2+、EDTA、SDS、β-巯基乙醇、DTT,以及0.10%、0.50%的Tween-20和Triton X-100,研究金属离子和抑制剂对rRuXyn024活性的影响。无添加物的反应体系为对照组,活性为100%。以0.1%−2.0%的麦秸木聚糖为底物,最适条件下分析rRuXyn024的活性,利用GraphPad Prism 8.0软件计算rRuXyn024的酶促动力学参数KmVmax
以1.0%的麦秸木聚糖为底物,与rRuXyn024在最适条件下,100 r/min振荡孵育10 min,之后根据本实验室之前报道的方法,利用高效液相色谱分析反应液中的木糖、木二糖、木三糖、木四糖和木五糖等水解产物[15]
选取未经处理的稻秸、麦秸、玉米秸、豆秸和油菜秸原样,将其粉碎至40目的粒度。分别以5%的上述农作物秸秆作为底物,加入0.16 U的rRuXyn024在最适条件下,100 r/min振荡孵育6 h,测定产生的还原糖,分析rRuXyn024对各农作物秸秆的水解能力。
以瘤胃液相微生物DNA为模板,扩增出RuXyn024基因,将其与线性化的表达载体pET-28a(+)连接,转化至E. coli Top10中。挑取转化子过夜培养,对其菌液进行PCR鉴定,结果可见一条大小约1 100 bp的明显条带(图1A)。提取质粒并进行测序分析,得出RuXyn024的基因长度为1 077 bp,编码358个氨基酸,理论分子量大小为40 kDa。利用EMBL-EBI数据库(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)比对RuXyn024的氨基酸序列,选择相似性较高的50个蛋白,利用MEGA 11软件构建RuXyn024的系统发育树(图1B)。利用NCBI的CDD (conserved domain database)工具对RuXyn024的结构域进行分析,显示RuXyn024含有糖苷水解酶家族10结构域,属于糖苷水解酶家族10。利用Phyre2 (http://www.sbg.bio.ic.ac.uk/phyre2/html/page.cgi?id=index)在线同源建模,结果如图2A所示。利用木四糖代替木聚糖与RuXyn024结构进行对接,显示木四糖与23个氨基酸残基通过氢键、范德华力等产生了交互作用(图2B)。对距离木四糖3 Å范围内的氨基酸进行丙氨酸扫描,结果显示ASN55、TRP95、TYR188、TRP316、HIS221、TRP324、LYS58、TRP328、GLY263等氨基酸突变成丙氨酸后,获得的突变能均大于0.5 kcal/mol。
在低温下利用IPTG对重组rRuXyn024大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株进行诱导,细胞通过超声破碎,离心获取上清,通过SDS-PAGE检测上清粗酶液中rRuXyn024的表达情况,并经Western blotting对rRuXyn024的表达做进一步确认(图3A)。结果显示,与未重组大肠杆菌(泳道1)相比,rRuXyn024在重组菌株中得到了大量表达(泳道3),该结果得到了Western blotting结果的证实。然而,大部分的rRuXyn024以包涵体的形式存在于破碎后的沉淀中,其可溶性表达量较低(泳道2)。
首先探讨了rRuXyn024的最适pH、温度以及对高温的耐受性。结果显示,rRuXyn024的最适pH受缓冲液组成影响,在pH 7.0的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液中表现出最大活性,在pH 6.0−7.0 (磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液)、pH 7.0−8.0 (Tris-HCl缓冲液)和pH 9.0 (甘氨酸-氢氧化钠缓冲液)下保持最大活性的60%以上,但在pH 5.0以下和pH 10.0以上则活性明显降低(图3B)。随着温度的升高,rRuXyn024活性呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,在40 ℃时达到最大。除了40 ℃外,rRuXyn024在30−70 ℃间能保持最大活性的70%以上,表明rRuXyn024具有宽泛的反应温度(图3C)。温度耐受性方面,rRuXyn024经30−55 ℃预处理10 min后,其残余活性仍有80%以上,但当预处理温度超过55 ℃,其残余活性呈断崖式下降,直至60 ℃时完全失去活性。
底物特异性结果显示,rRuXyn024对木聚糖表现出最大的降解活性,对羧甲基纤维素钠和壳聚糖存在微弱的活性,对微晶纤维素无活性,表明木聚糖是rRuXyn024的最佳作用底物(图3D)。酶促动力学结果显示,rRuXyn024的KmVmax值为18.8 g/L和82.6 µg/min (数据未列出)。
金属离子、抑制剂以及洗涤剂对rRuXyn024活性的影响如表1所示:1 mmol/L和5 mmol/L的K+、Na+以及1 mmol/L Ca2+对rRuXyn024活性无明显影响,但5 mmol/L Ca2+则使rRuXyn024活性降低了52.1%;Mg2+、Zn2+、Cu2+和Ni2+对rRuXyn024活性表现出明显的抑制作用,尤其5 mmol/L的Cu2+几乎使rRuXyn024完全失活。然而,Mn2+明显增强了rRuXyn024的活性,其中1 mmol/L和5 mmol/L的Mn2+分别使rRuXyn024活性提高了46.9%和35.8%,表明Mn2+是rRuXyn024的强促进剂。
Tween-20、Triton X-100、二硫苏糖醇以及1 mmol/L的β-巯基乙醇对rRuXyn024的抑制作用相对较小,但EDTA、SDS和5 mmol/L的β-巯基乙醇则严重降低了rRuXyn024的活性。DTT对rRuXyn024的影响较小,然而5 mmol/L的β-巯基乙醇却几乎使rRuXyn024完全失活。
rRuXyn024酶解麦秸木聚糖的产物如图4所示,木三糖和木二糖的产量较高,分别占5种产物总和的44.9%和30.5%;木四糖和木五糖次之,分别占到12.5%和9.5%;木糖产量最低,仅占到5种产物总和的2.6%。
rRuXyn024对5种农作物秸秆的水解作用如图5所示,rRuXyn024对玉米秸的水解作用最强,稻秸次之,豆秸和油菜秸稍弱,麦秸最弱。
系统发育树分析揭示了RuXyn024与栖瘤胃普雷沃氏菌(Prevotella ruminicola)(登录号:P48789)的β-1, 4-内切木聚糖酶亲缘关系最近。同源建模进一步证实了RuXyn024具有糖苷水解酶家族10的典型结构特点,即β折叠被α螺旋包裹形成的(β/α)8桶状结构[16]。丙氨酸扫描结果表明,突变使木四糖与RuXyn024的结合力下降,进而说明以上氨基酸可能是影响RuXyn024活性的关键氨基酸。其中GLY263突变成丙氨酸后突变能达到4.4 kcal/mol,表明GLY263可能在RuXyn024的酶解过程中发挥着尤为重要的作用。
通过SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析,确认了rRuXyn024的成功表达,并且该酶主要以包涵体形式存在。进一步对上清中rRuXyn024的酶学特性进行了分析,并与部分木聚糖酶进行了对比(表2)。
rRuXyn024表现出广泛的pH依赖性,在pH 5.0−9.0时,其残余酶活力能够保持在60%以上,这与Joshi等[18]报道的一种源于温泉的木聚糖酶相似。然而超出该pH范围时,其酶活力急剧下降,这可能是因为过高或过低pH易压缩蛋白质的三维结构,使其稳定性下降,进而导致酶活性降低[24]。通过分析温度对rRuXyn024的影响,发现其在30−70 ℃均能保持较高活性,这比已报道的其他木聚糖酶[17, 19]具有更宽泛的反应温度。rRuXyn024的耐热性分析结果表明,rRuXyn024不具备优秀的耐高温特性。Cheng等[20]的研究进一步证实了,从瘤胃微生物基因组中克隆的木聚糖酶也表现出较差的热稳定性。rRuXyn024的最适温度和pH分别为40 ℃和7.0,则与其来源瘤胃的环境相一致[25-26]
在探讨金属离子对rRuXyn024活性的影响时发现,大多数金属离子会抑制其活性。这可能是因为金属离子与酶的活性中心结合,致使蛋白结构受损或是与酶-底物复合体结合,干扰了其水解作用[27-28]。与此类似,本实验室之前也发现一种来自骆驼瘤胃的GH 11家族木聚糖酶在1 mmol/L和5 mmol/L Mn2+存在下活性提高了33%和49%。这可能是由于Mn2+与酶活性中心的关键氨基酸残基产生交互作用或作为辅因子增强了酶的活性[29]
与本研究结果类似,已报道的部分瘤胃GH 10木聚糖酶也不受Tween-20和Triton X-100的影响[20, 30]。EDTA和SDS对瘤胃GH 10木聚糖酶的抑制作用在较多研究中得到了证实[16, 31],这主要是因为SDS是一种强变性剂,能够使蛋白质结构发生不可逆的改变,导致酶失活变性,而EDTA是一种金属螯合剂,能够与酶促反应所需的金属离子结合,影响酶解作用[16]。这也从侧面说明rRuXyn024可能是一种金属依赖性酶,Mn2+对rRuXyn024的促进作用也证实这一点。DTT对rRuXyn024的影响较小,表明该酶似乎不需要蛋白质分子内或分子间的二硫键来实现水解反应[32],事实上在rRuXyn024结构中也并未预测出二硫键的存在。然而,对于5 mmol/L的β-巯基乙醇的影响,尚不能给出合理的解释。
rRuXyn024的酶解产物以木三糖和木二糖为主,这与之前的报道相似[18, 21-22],表明该酶是一种易产生木寡糖的木聚糖酶。木寡糖不但能促进肠道有益菌(如双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌)的生长,还具有多种与肠道调节相关的生物活性,如抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎和抗过敏等,这使得木寡糖作为功能性食品和饲料添加剂已广泛应用于人类营养和动物营养中[17]。研究显示聚合度为2−4的低聚木寡糖比高聚合度的寡糖和多糖更易被肠道有益微生物发酵为短链脂肪酸[33]。因此,rRuXyn024具有生产高价值木寡糖的潜力。
不同来源的植物基质,细胞壁表面的气孔数量、孔径,以及内部的木质纤维素含量、结构等不同,可能会导致木聚糖酶与木聚糖的接触程度不同而影响其水解作用[34]。此外,植物基质中木聚糖的侧链结构,如阿拉伯糖、乙酰基、葡萄糖醛酸、阿魏酸和对香豆酸等,也是影响木聚糖酶作用的重要因素[35],如小麦秸中的阿拉伯糖通常高于玉米秸[36]。这些因素可能最终导致了rRuXyn024对5种秸秆的不同水解作用,但rRuXyn024对玉米秸秆的有效降解,预示着rRuXyn024在提高玉米秸秆在瘤胃中的消化率具有较大的应用潜力。木聚糖酶作为一种典型的纤维分解酶,在过去几十年中已经进行了较多研究,主要探讨其对动物机体健康、生产性能或养分消化的影响[37-38]。然而,旨在高效降解农作物秸秆而筛选特异性木聚糖酶的研究相对匮乏。本课题组先前报道了一种源自瘤胃的GH30家族木聚糖酶,该酶能有效水解麦秸并优化其瘤胃发酵过程[39]。当前研究结果为进一步丰富秸秆降解用木聚糖酶酶库奠定了基础。
本研究利用大肠杆菌成功表达了瘤胃重组木聚糖酶rRuXyn024。rRuXyn024编码358个氨基酸,属于GH 10家族,最适反应温度和pH分别为40 ℃和7.0,具有宽泛的反应温度。纯纤维基质中木聚糖是rRuXyn024的最佳水解底物。Mn2+能够显著促进rRuXyn024的活性。rRuXyn024能够有效地催化麦秸木聚糖水解,主要产生木三糖和木二糖作为水解产物。rRuXyn024能够显著降解多种农作物秸秆,包括玉米秸、稻秸、豆秸和油菜秸,其中对玉米秸的水解效率最高。综上可知,rRuXyn024具备改善农作物秸秆瘤胃利用效率的潜力。
  • 江西省自然科学基金重点项目(20224ACB205007)
  • 江西省重点研发计划(20232BBF60009)
  • 中央引导地方科技发展专项资金(20221ZDF03017)
  • 江西农业大学年轻科研创新团队项目(JXAUCXTD008)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
张湘云, 刘利珍. 农作物秸秆饲料化利用补贴政策的实施现状及优化建议[J]. 中国饲料, 2022(12):126-129.
ZHANG XY, LIU LZ. Implementation status and optimization suggestions of subsidy policy for feed utilization of crop straw[J]. China Feed, 2022(12):126-129.
[2]
牟林林. 乳酸菌及酶制剂对稻草青贮发酵品质及微生物多样性的影响[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学硕士学位论文, 2019.
MOU LL. Effects of lactic acid bacteria and enzyme preparation on fermentation quality and microbial diversity of rice straw silage[D]. Nanjing: Master's Thesis of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2019 (in Chinese).
[3]
VALLEJO LH, SALEM AZM, CAMACHO LM, KHOLIF AM, MARIEZCURRENA MD, CIPRIANO M, ALONSO MU, OLIVARES J, LOPEZ S. Effects of xylanase supplementation on feed intake, digestibility and ruminal fermentation in Rambouillet sheep[J]. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 2016, 154 (6):1110-1117.
[4]
ZHANG WJ, PAN K, LIU CJ, QU MR, OUYANG KH, SONG XZ, ZHAO XH. Recombinant Lentinula edodes xylanase improved the hydrolysis and in vitro ruminal fermentation of soybean straw by changing its fiber structure[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020, 151:286-292.
[5]
郭威, 郭晓军, 周贤, 李术娜, 朱宝成. 复合菌剂发酵玉米秸秆对绵羊瘤胃液细菌多样性的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49 (4):736-745.
GUO W, GUO XJ, ZHOU X, LI SN, ZHU BC. Effect of corn stalk fermented by complex bacterial on rumen bacteria diversity in sheep[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2018, 49 (4):736-745.
[6]
ASLANIYAN A, GHANBARI F, KOUHSAR JB, SHAHRAKI BK. Comparing the effects of gamma ray and alkaline treatments of sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide on chemical composition, ruminal degradation kinetics and crystallinity degree of soybean straw[J]. Applied Radiation and Isotopes: Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine, 2023, 191:110524.
[7]
ZHAO SG, LI GD, ZHENG N, WANG JQ, YU ZT. Steam explosion enhances digestibility and fermentation of corn stover by facilitating ruminal microbial colonization[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018, 253:244-251.
[8]
李胜利, 史海涛, 曹志军, 王雅晶. 粗饲料科学利用及评价技术[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014, 26 (10):3149-3158.
LI SL, SHI HT, CAO ZJ, WANG YJ. Scientific utilization and evaluation technology of forage[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2014, 26 (10):3149-3158.
[9]
SARNKLONG C, CONE JW, PELLIKAAN W, HENDRIKS WH. Utilization of rice straw and different treatments to improve its feed value for ruminants: a review[J]. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2010, 23 (5):680-692.
[10]
MAO H, WU CH, WANG JK, LIU JX. Synergistic effect of cellulase and xylanase on in vitro rumen fermentation and microbial population with rice straw as substrate[J]. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 2013, 13:477-487.
[11]
葛雨杭, 陈美汐, 孙博, 吴松娜, 万群. 木聚糖酶TgXyn2的酶学特性研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2022, 43 (4):138-144.
GE YH, CHEN MX, SUN B, WU SN, WAN Q. Enzymatic characterization of xylanase TgXyn2[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2022, 43 (4):138-144.
[12]
CHEN HM, ZHAO XB, LIU DH. Relative significance of the negative impacts of hemicelluloses on enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis is dependent on lignin content: evidence from substrate structural features and protein adsorption[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2016, 4 (12):6668-6679.
[13]
SANTOS JPD, ZAVAREZE EDR, DIAS ARG, VANIER NL. Immobilization of xylanase and xylanase-β-cyclodextrin complex in polyvinyl alcohol via electrospinning improves enzyme activity at a wide pH and temperature range[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2018, 118 (Part B):1676-1684.
[14]
HU JG, ARANTES V, SADDLER JN. The enhancement of enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates by the addition of accessory enzymes such as xylanase: is it an additive or synergistic effect?[J]. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 2011, 4:36.
[15]
ZH U LL, LIU CJ, LI YJ, PAN K, OUYANG KH, SONG XZ, XIONG XW, QU MR, ZHAO XH. Characteristics of recombinant xylanase from camel rumen metagenome and its effects on wheat bran hydrolysis[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2022, 220:1309-1317.
[16]
HU D, ZHAO XH. Characterization of a new xylanase found in the rumen metagenome and its effects on the hydrolysis of wheat[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2022, 70 (21):6493-6502.
[17]
LI T, LEI XW, WANG L, LIU CJ, QIU QH, LI YJ, SONG XZ, XIONG XW, ZANG YT, QU MR, OUYANG KH, ZHAO XH. Production of xylo-oligosaccharides with degree of polymerization 3–5 from wheat straw xylan by a xylanase derived from rumen metagenome and utilization by probiotics[J]. Food Bioscience, 2023, 56:103360.
[18]
JOSHI N, SHARMA M, SINGH SP. Characterization of a novel xylanase from an extreme temperature hot spring metagenome for xylooligosaccharide production[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2020, 104 (11):4889-4901.
[19]
HAN ZG, SHANG-GUAN F, YANG JK. Characterization of a novel cold-active xylanase from Luteimonas species[J]. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2018, 34 (8):123.
[20]
CHENG FS, SHENG JP, DONG RB, MEN YJ, GAN L, SHEN L. Novel xylanase from a holstein cattle rumen metagenomic library and its application in xylooligosaccharide and ferulic acid production from wheat straw[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2012, 60 (51):12516-12524.
[21]
VACILOTTO MM, SEPULCHRO AGV, PELLEGRINI VOA, POLIKARPOV I. Production of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides from arabino- and glucuronoxylan using a two-domain Jonesia denitrificans xylanase from GH10 family[J]. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2021, 144:109743.
[22]
WEN ST, WU GG, WU HW. Biochemical characterization of a GH10 xylanase from the anaerobic rumen fungus Anaeromyces robustus and application in bread making[J]. 3 Biotech, 2021, 11 (9):406.
[23]
KIM HB, LEE KT, KIM MJ, LEE JS, KIM KS. Identification and characterization of a novel KG42 xylanase (GH10 family) isolated from the black goat rumen-derived metagenomic library[J]. Carbohydrate Research, 2018, 469:1-9.
[24]
BHUNIA B, BASAK B, MANDAL T, BHATTACHARYA P, DEY A. Effect of pH and temperature on stability and kinetics of novel extracellular serine alkaline protease (70 kDa)[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2013, 54:1-8.
[25]
CASTRO-COSTA A, SALAMA AAK, MOLL X, AGUILÓ J, CAJA G. Using wireless rumen sensors for evaluating the effects of diet and ambient temperature in nonlactating dairy goats[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2015, 98 (7):4646-4658.
[26]
KAUR R, GARCIA SC, HORADAGODA A, FULKERSON WJ. Evaluation of rumen probe for continuous monitoring of rumen pH, temperature and pressure[J]. Animal Production Science, 2010, 50 (2):98.
[27]
HEMIDA SK, OMAR SA, ABDEL-MALLEK AY. Microbial populations and enzyme activity in soil treated with heavy metals[J]. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 1997, 95 (1):13-22.
[28]
GU SF, LIU CJ, ZHANG WJ, QU MR, LI YJ, ZANG YT, XIONG XW, PAN K, ZHAO XH. Characteristics of a recombinant Fusarium verticillioides cutinase and its effects on enzymatic hydrolysis of rice straw[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2021, 171:382-388.
[29]
CHEN SC, KAUFMAN MG, MIAZGOWICZ KL, BAGDASARIAN M, WALKER ED. Molecular characterization of a cold-active recombinant xylanase from Flavobacterium johnsoniae and its applicability in xylan hydrolysis[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 128:145-155.
[30]
PAVARINA GC, de MACEDO LEMOS EG, LIMA NSM, PIZAURO JR JM. Characterization of a new bifunctional endo-1, 4-β-xylanase/esterase found in the rumen metagenome[J]. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11:10440.
[31]
WANG Q, LUO Y, HE B, JIANG LS, LIU JX, WANG JK. Characterization of a novel xylanase gene from rumen content of Hu sheep[J]. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2015, 177 (7):1424-1436.
[32]
AL-DARKAZALI H, MEEVOOTISOM V, ISARANGKUL D, WIYAKRUTTA S. Gene expression and molecular characterization of a xylanase from chicken cecum metagenome[J]. International Journal of Microbiology, 2017, 2017:4018398.
[33]
SINGH RD, MUIR J, ARORA A. Concentration of xylooligosaccharides with a low degree of polymerization using membranes and their effect on bacterial fermentation[J]. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2021, 15 (1):61-73.
[34]
VIIKARI L, KANTELINEN A, BUCHERT J, PULS J. Enzymatic accessibility of xylans in lignocellulosic materials[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 1994, 41 (1):124-129.
[35]
HU JG, SADDLER JN. Why does GH10 xylanase have better performance than GH11 xylanase for the deconstruction of pretreated biomass?[J]. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2018, 110:13-16.
[36]
Cătălin AP, SUDITU GD, DANU M, AILIESEI GL, NECHITA MT. An experimental study on the hot alkali extraction of xylan-based hemicelluloses from wheat straw and corn stalks and optimization methods[J]. Polymers, 2022, 14 (9):1662.
[37]
MIORIN RL, BATISTA LHC, NASCIMENTO FA, COSTA E, SILVA LF, KOONTZ A, PETTIGREW JE, RESENDE FD, SIQUEIRA GR. Effect of supplementation strategies and the use of exogenous xylanase enzyme on ruminal fermentation, digestibility, animal performance, and carcass characteristics of Nellore bulls grazing during dry season[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2022, 290:115373.
[38]
SINGH AK, MISHRA B, BEDFORD MR, JHA R. Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 2021, 12 (1):98.
[39]
TANG LZ, LEI XW, OUYANG KH, WANG L, QIU QH, LI YJ, ZANG YT, LIU CJ, ZHAO XH. A glycosyl hydrolase 30 family xylanase from the rumen metagenome and its effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation of wheat straw[J]. Animals: an Open Access Journal from MDPI, 2023, 14 (1):118.
2024年第64卷第10期
PDF下载
94
42
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240225
  • 接收时间:2024-04-09
  • 首发时间:2026-03-21
  • 出版时间:2024-07-19
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-09
  • 录用日期:2024-07-16
基金
Natural Science Foundation Key Project of Jiangxi Province(20224ACB205007)
江西省自然科学基金重点项目(20224ACB205007)
Key Research and Development Plan of Jiangxi Province(20232BBF60009)
江西省重点研发计划(20232BBF60009)
Central Government Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Special Fund(20221ZDF03017)
中央引导地方科技发展专项资金(20221ZDF03017)
Young Scientific Research and Innovation Team Project of Jiangxi Agricultural University(JXAUCXTD008)
江西农业大学年轻科研创新团队项目(JXAUCXTD008)
作者信息
    1 江西农业大学, 动物营养与饲料江西省重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330045
    2 九江市农业科学院, 江西 九江 332013

通讯作者:

参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240225
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏