Article(id=1242093866589945999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242093864144666765, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240223, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1712505600000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1720108800000, acceptedDateStr=2024-07-05, onlineDate=1774067854783, onlineDateStr=2026-03-21, pubDate=1720627200000, pubDateStr=2024-07-11, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774067854783, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774067854783, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774067854783, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1242093864144666765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='10', pageStart='3571', pageEnd='3997', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774067854200, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774067980255, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1242094392937353679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242093864144666765, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1242094392937353680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242093864144666765, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3825, endPage=3839, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242093866942267537, articleId=1242093866589945999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=napF3 regulates thermophilic mechanism of Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] To study the role of napF3 in Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis at different temperatures. [Methods] We constructed ΔnapF3 from T. tengcongensis by homologous recombination and observed the growth of ΔnapF3 at 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 75 ℃, and 80 ℃. Transcriptome sequencing was employed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ΔnapF3 and the wild type (WT) at 75 ℃. real-time PCR was conducted to measure the transcriptional levels of 13 genes and 3 sRNAs in WT and ΔnapF3 at 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 75 ℃, and 80 ℃. [Results] ΔnapF3 was successfully constructed, and it showcased suspended growth at 50 ℃ and 80 ℃ and slow growth at 60 ℃ and 75 ℃. A total of 899 DEGs between WT and ΔnapF3 at 75 ℃ were identified, including 363 genes with up-regulated expression and 536 genes with down-regulated expression. These DEGs were mainly involved in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine and isoleucine, ABC transporters, two-component system, fatty acid synthesis, thiamine metabolism and other pathways. The transcriptional levels of 13 genes and 3 sRNAs related to the thermophilic mechanism changed under specific temperatures. [Conclusion] napF3 plays a role in the thermophilic adaptation of T. tengcongensis.

, correspAuthors=Chuan WANG, Yuze YANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*WANG Chuan, E-mail:
YANG Yuze, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ruotong WANG, Yajuan LIU, Hanghui ZHENG, Yijun CHEN, Xuerui WAN, Chunlin ZHAO, Chuan WANG, Yuze YANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1242093868003426468, articleId=1242093866589945999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=napF3调控腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌热适应机制, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【目的】研究腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌napF3在不同温度下的功能。【方法】通过同源重组构建腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌的ΔnapF3株,观察并比较其在50、60、75和80 ℃下野生株和ΔnapF3株的生长趋势。通过转录组测序确定ΔnapF3株与野生株在75 ℃的差异表达基因。采用荧光定量PCR分析野生株和ΔnapF3株中13个基因和3个sRNA在50、60、75和80 ℃下的转录水平。【结果】成功构建了ΔnapF3株,生长曲线结果显示其在50 ℃和80 ℃不生长,60 ℃和75 ℃生长速度显著减缓。转录组结果显示:有899个基因表达发生差异,包括363个上调基因和536个表达下调基因,这些差异表达基因主要富集在缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成、ABC运输工具、双组分系统、脂肪酸合成、硫胺素代谢等途径,并发现与嗜热机制相关的13个基因和3个非编码RNA的转录水平在特定温度下发生了变化。【结论】腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌napF3在热适应过程中发挥重要作用。

, correspAuthors=王川, 杨宇泽, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《微生物学报》编辑部2024, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=h1rJdwhbR3Xl7sx0c+Pc6w==, magXml=/jUVekyB9XQVPJgPKTlrKA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=qLKU0JzYwD9FM0054w2iJA==, pdfFileSize=1648524, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=cbtn9vv9lvdxUKalyDr89w==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=FE4c+BY410Q2JzWfGMSx4A==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=王若彤, 刘亚娟, 郑航辉, 陈宜军, 万学瑞, 赵春林, 王川, 杨宇泽)}, authors=[Author(id=1243285155989799312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, 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BMC Microbiology, 2005, 5:35., articleTitle=A census of membrane-bound and intracellular signal transduction proteins in bacteria: bacterial IQ, extroverts and introverts, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1243285162268672840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, awardId=GAU-QDFC-2023-04, language=EN, fundingSource=Youth Mentor Fund of Gansu Agricultural University(GAU-QDFC-2023-04), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285162386113357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, awardId=GAU-QDFC-2023-04, language=CN, fundingSource=甘肃农业大学青年导师扶持基金(GAU-QDFC-2023-04), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285162524525395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, awardId=31500067, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(31500067), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285162650354521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, awardId=31500067, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(31500067), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285155662643566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285155671032176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, companyId=1243285155662643566, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285155675226480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, companyId=1243285155662643566, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 甘肃农业大学 动物医学院, 甘肃 兰州 730030)]), AuthorCompany(id=1243285155767501176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285155780084091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, companyId=1243285155767501176, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Beijing Municipal Animal Husbandry Station, Beijing 100101, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285155788472698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, companyId=1243285155767501176, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京市畜牧总站, 北京 100101)]), AuthorCompany(id=1243285155893330311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285155897524616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, companyId=1243285155893330311, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui 741000, Gansu, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285155905913225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, companyId=1243285155893330311, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 天水师范学院, 甘肃 天水 741000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1243285160590951151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=PCR identification of ΔnapF3. M: DL5000 DNA Marker; Lane 1: PCR amplification of WT genome as template; Lane 2: PCR amplification using ΔnapF3 genome as template., figureFileSmall=+8TL7KampAPMMdfOwdchuw==, figureFileBig=ickGmV0AMjkWubRECBEOIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285160733557497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, language=CN, label=图1, caption=ΔnapF3的PCR鉴定

M:DNA分子量标准物(DL5000);泳道1:以野生株基因组为模板的PCR扩增;泳道2:以ΔnapF3株基因组为模板的PCR扩增

, figureFileSmall=+8TL7KampAPMMdfOwdchuw==, figureFileBig=ickGmV0AMjkWubRECBEOIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285160876163844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Growth curves of ΔnapF3 and WT strains at different temperatures. A: Growth curves of ΔnapF3 and WT strains at 50 ℃. B: Growth curves of ΔnapF3 and WT strains at 60 ℃. C: Growth curves of ΔnapF3 and WT strains at 75 ℃. D: Growth curves of ΔnapF3 and WT strains at 80 ℃. *: P < 0.05; **: P < 0.01; ****: P < 0.000 1; ns: No significant difference., figureFileSmall=HXTHaVs49IpWpgOapNgAlw==, figureFileBig=Ts2oek/X1tjIBBQjQ+jkNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285160997798667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, language=CN, label=图2, caption=ΔnapF3和野生株在不同温度下生长曲线, figureFileSmall=HXTHaVs49IpWpgOapNgAlw==, figureFileBig=Ts2oek/X1tjIBBQjQ+jkNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161111044881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Transcriptome analysis of WT and ΔnapF3 strains in Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis. A: Volcano plot of total DEGs in ΔnapF3 compared with WT groups. B: GO functional enrichment pathways of DEGs. C: KEGG enrichment analysis of selected DEGs. D: The PPI networks of selected DEGs. E: Clustering diagram of major differentially expressed genes. F: Validation of DEGs by real-time PCR., figureFileSmall=C41NSCkfQfaoS9BQtWBdgw==, figureFileBig=8Ao3nb5tSc6lp1E2NW5Biw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161236874006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, language=CN, label=图3, caption=腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌野生株和Δnapf3株的转录组分析, figureFileSmall=C41NSCkfQfaoS9BQtWBdgw==, figureFileBig=8Ao3nb5tSc6lp1E2NW5Biw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161371091744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Analysis of relative expression of specific genes in ΔnapF3 and WT strains at different temperatures. A: Analysis of relative expression levels of specific genes in WT strains at 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 75 ℃, and 80 ℃. B: Analysis of relative expression levels of specific genes of ΔnapF3 and WT strains at 60 ℃. C: Analysis of relative expression levels of specific genes of ΔnapF3 and WT strains at 75 ℃. ND: Not detected; NS: No significant difference; *: P < 0.05; **: P < 0.01; ***: P < 0.001; ****: P < 0.000 1., figureFileSmall=+kZ9Iyvqlfx4eDv74SgFvQ==, figureFileBig=DJJ3ZhOG3jPQ6Hqv22YaeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161488532259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, language=CN, label=图4, caption=野生株和ΔnapF3在不同温度下的特定基因相对表达量分析, figureFileSmall=+kZ9Iyvqlfx4eDv74SgFvQ==, figureFileBig=DJJ3ZhOG3jPQ6Hqv22YaeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285161618555691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Experimental oligonucleotide sequences were used

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primers namePrimer sequences (5′→3′)
P1CCGCTCGAGGGCAAATCCTCAAATTCCAGA
P2CCCAAGCTTTACCAGTTTTTTCTCCAATAT
P3CGGAATTCGTTAATGCAGGGAAATGAG
P4CGGGATCCGTCCACTTCATAGTATAGCTGC
P5TCTATTGTCCACCCGTCTCC
P6ACTACCCTGTCCACTTCATAG
P7TTGCGGTATCTGTGTCGAGT
P8TCATCTCACACAGTCCGCAT
16S-FCGTAGGCGGTTTAGCAAGTC
16S-RCTACGCATTTCACCGCTACA
tte2227-FGTCCATTTTCTGAGCCCACT
tte2227-RATTTTACACGGAGCAGGCAG
thiE-FGCAAATACGGATCCTGCTCC
thiE-RGTTGGCGTTGTGAGGAGAAT
thiD-FAAGTGCATCCTGTCCCATGT
thiD-RGTTTTGGTAAAGGGCGGACA
tte0620-FAGAAGGGGTTTTAGAGGGCC
tte0620-RTCCTCTAATGAAAGCTCCGCA
tte0003-FGTGCGATACAGGTGGACAAG
tte0003-RTCACAAAAGTCTTTCCTTCCACT
tte0272-FGCATAATAGCATCTTTTGGGTGA
tte0272-RCCAGGTGACATTGCCGAAAA
rnhA-FGGATGGAATTAAAGGCAGCCA
rnhA-RTGCCACTTTTCAATCCATCCC
napF3-FTTGCGGTATCTGTGTCGAGT
napF3-RTCATCTCACACAGTCCGCAT
ccmA2-FGGTGAGGGATTGGTTTTGGT
ccmA2-RCAGCACCATTTTCACCCAAA
tte2763-FCACCTCCCAGACACTGCAAA
tte2763-RGGCGCCATTTTGATATCTTCG
galU-FCCTTTCGCAGTGCTTTTAGG
galU-RCATCCTCTTCAGGCACTTCC
nanE-FCAACAACTGCATACGCTCCT
nanE-RTGGAAGGCCCAGATTATGAG
tte2411-FCGGATGAAATAGCCCTCAAA
tte2411-RCGACTGAAAGCCCAATGAGT
sRNA49-FCGTAGCGATACCTGAAGCCT
sRNA49-RAGTGCCATTAAAGCCAAGAGT
sRNA103-FTTCGTGTGACCCGGTGAAA
sRNA103-RCCTCTTGGCAGCTTCATGTT
sRNA104-FGAGAGCTATGGGGTAGGCAG
sRNA104-RCCTAGCCTCTTTTGCAACCC
), ArticleFig(id=1243285161735996211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

实验用寡核苷酸序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primers namePrimer sequences (5′→3′)
P1CCGCTCGAGGGCAAATCCTCAAATTCCAGA
P2CCCAAGCTTTACCAGTTTTTTCTCCAATAT
P3CGGAATTCGTTAATGCAGGGAAATGAG
P4CGGGATCCGTCCACTTCATAGTATAGCTGC
P5TCTATTGTCCACCCGTCTCC
P6ACTACCCTGTCCACTTCATAG
P7TTGCGGTATCTGTGTCGAGT
P8TCATCTCACACAGTCCGCAT
16S-FCGTAGGCGGTTTAGCAAGTC
16S-RCTACGCATTTCACCGCTACA
tte2227-FGTCCATTTTCTGAGCCCACT
tte2227-RATTTTACACGGAGCAGGCAG
thiE-FGCAAATACGGATCCTGCTCC
thiE-RGTTGGCGTTGTGAGGAGAAT
thiD-FAAGTGCATCCTGTCCCATGT
thiD-RGTTTTGGTAAAGGGCGGACA
tte0620-FAGAAGGGGTTTTAGAGGGCC
tte0620-RTCCTCTAATGAAAGCTCCGCA
tte0003-FGTGCGATACAGGTGGACAAG
tte0003-RTCACAAAAGTCTTTCCTTCCACT
tte0272-FGCATAATAGCATCTTTTGGGTGA
tte0272-RCCAGGTGACATTGCCGAAAA
rnhA-FGGATGGAATTAAAGGCAGCCA
rnhA-RTGCCACTTTTCAATCCATCCC
napF3-FTTGCGGTATCTGTGTCGAGT
napF3-RTCATCTCACACAGTCCGCAT
ccmA2-FGGTGAGGGATTGGTTTTGGT
ccmA2-RCAGCACCATTTTCACCCAAA
tte2763-FCACCTCCCAGACACTGCAAA
tte2763-RGGCGCCATTTTGATATCTTCG
galU-FCCTTTCGCAGTGCTTTTAGG
galU-RCATCCTCTTCAGGCACTTCC
nanE-FCAACAACTGCATACGCTCCT
nanE-RTGGAAGGCCCAGATTATGAG
tte2411-FCGGATGAAATAGCCCTCAAA
tte2411-RCGACTGAAAGCCCAATGAGT
sRNA49-FCGTAGCGATACCTGAAGCCT
sRNA49-RAGTGCCATTAAAGCCAAGAGT
sRNA103-FTTCGTGTGACCCGGTGAAA
sRNA103-RCCTCTTGGCAGCTTCATGTT
sRNA104-FGAGAGCTATGGGGTAGGCAG
sRNA104-RCCTAGCCTCTTTTGCAACCC
), ArticleFig(id=1243285161849242423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Ten up-regulated and ten down-regulated genes with the most changes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
RankGenelog2 fold changeFunction
↑: Up-regulated gene; ↓: Down-regulated gene.
1↑TTE13407.533 4Pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase and related 2-oxoacid: ferredoxin oxidoreductases alpha subunit
2↑TTE16925.635 4Ribosomal protein L35
3↑TTE00165.028 3Isopropylmalate/homocitrate/citramalate synthases
4↑TTE00185.016 73-isopropylmalate dehydratase small subunit
5↑TTE00195.014 3Isocitrate/isopropylmalate dehydrogenase
6↑TTE00204.518 5Dihydroxyacid dehydratase/phosphogluconate dehydratase
7↑TTE00174.463 93-isopropylmalate dehydratase large subunit
8↑TTE12294.062 9Hypothetical protein
9↑TTE25513.961 0Spore cortex-lytic enzyme prepeptide
10↑TTE09543.883 5Molecular chaperone GrpE (heat shock protein)
1↓TTE0421−6.180 4Hypothetical protein
2↓Novel00341−5.303 5Hypothetical protein
3↓TTE2082−4.742 0Hypothetical protein
4↓TTE0883−4.594 7Soluble lytic murein transglycosylase and related regulatory proteins (some contain LysM/invasin domains)
5↓TTE2072−4.470 0Hypothetical protein
6↓TTE2099−4.431 5Hypothetical protein
7↓TTE2049−4.290 8Hypothetical protein
8↓TTE0504−4.189 7Uncharacterized flagellar protein FlaG
9↓TTE1719−4.188 6Hypothetical protein
10↓TTE2060−4.181 1Hypothetical protein
), ArticleFig(id=1243285161987654462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093866589945999, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

10个上调和10个下调变化最大的基因

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
RankGenelog2 fold changeFunction
↑: Up-regulated gene; ↓: Down-regulated gene.
1↑TTE13407.533 4Pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase and related 2-oxoacid: ferredoxin oxidoreductases alpha subunit
2↑TTE16925.635 4Ribosomal protein L35
3↑TTE00165.028 3Isopropylmalate/homocitrate/citramalate synthases
4↑TTE00185.016 73-isopropylmalate dehydratase small subunit
5↑TTE00195.014 3Isocitrate/isopropylmalate dehydrogenase
6↑TTE00204.518 5Dihydroxyacid dehydratase/phosphogluconate dehydratase
7↑TTE00174.463 93-isopropylmalate dehydratase large subunit
8↑TTE12294.062 9Hypothetical protein
9↑TTE25513.961 0Spore cortex-lytic enzyme prepeptide
10↑TTE09543.883 5Molecular chaperone GrpE (heat shock protein)
1↓TTE0421−6.180 4Hypothetical protein
2↓Novel00341−5.303 5Hypothetical protein
3↓TTE2082−4.742 0Hypothetical protein
4↓TTE0883−4.594 7Soluble lytic murein transglycosylase and related regulatory proteins (some contain LysM/invasin domains)
5↓TTE2072−4.470 0Hypothetical protein
6↓TTE2099−4.431 5Hypothetical protein
7↓TTE2049−4.290 8Hypothetical protein
8↓TTE0504−4.189 7Uncharacterized flagellar protein FlaG
9↓TTE1719−4.188 6Hypothetical protein
10↓TTE2060−4.181 1Hypothetical protein
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napF3调控腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌热适应机制
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王若彤 1 , 刘亚娟 1 , 郑航辉 1 , 陈宜军 2 , 万学瑞 1 , 赵春林 3 , 王川 1, * , 杨宇泽 2, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(10): 3825-3839
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(10): 3825-3839
napF3调控腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌热适应机制
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王若彤1, 刘亚娟1, 郑航辉1, 陈宜军2, 万学瑞1, 赵春林3, 王川1, * , 杨宇泽2, *
作者信息
  • 1 甘肃农业大学 动物医学院, 甘肃 兰州 730030
  • 2 北京市畜牧总站, 北京 100101
  • 3 天水师范学院, 甘肃 天水 741000
napF3 regulates thermophilic mechanism of Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis
Ruotong WANG1, Yajuan LIU1, Hanghui ZHENG1, Yijun CHEN2, Xuerui WAN1, Chunlin ZHAO3, Chuan WANG1, * , Yuze YANG2, *
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
  • 2 Beijing Municipal Animal Husbandry Station, Beijing 100101, China
  • 3 Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui 741000, Gansu, China
出版时间: 2024-07-11 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240223
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【目的】研究腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌napF3在不同温度下的功能。【方法】通过同源重组构建腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌的ΔnapF3株,观察并比较其在50、60、75和80 ℃下野生株和ΔnapF3株的生长趋势。通过转录组测序确定ΔnapF3株与野生株在75 ℃的差异表达基因。采用荧光定量PCR分析野生株和ΔnapF3株中13个基因和3个sRNA在50、60、75和80 ℃下的转录水平。【结果】成功构建了ΔnapF3株,生长曲线结果显示其在50 ℃和80 ℃不生长,60 ℃和75 ℃生长速度显著减缓。转录组结果显示:有899个基因表达发生差异,包括363个上调基因和536个表达下调基因,这些差异表达基因主要富集在缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成、ABC运输工具、双组分系统、脂肪酸合成、硫胺素代谢等途径,并发现与嗜热机制相关的13个基因和3个非编码RNA的转录水平在特定温度下发生了变化。【结论】腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌napF3在热适应过程中发挥重要作用。

腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌  /  napF3  /  热适应  /  机制  /  转录组  /  差异表达基因

[Objective] To study the role of napF3 in Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis at different temperatures. [Methods] We constructed ΔnapF3 from T. tengcongensis by homologous recombination and observed the growth of ΔnapF3 at 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 75 ℃, and 80 ℃. Transcriptome sequencing was employed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ΔnapF3 and the wild type (WT) at 75 ℃. real-time PCR was conducted to measure the transcriptional levels of 13 genes and 3 sRNAs in WT and ΔnapF3 at 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 75 ℃, and 80 ℃. [Results] ΔnapF3 was successfully constructed, and it showcased suspended growth at 50 ℃ and 80 ℃ and slow growth at 60 ℃ and 75 ℃. A total of 899 DEGs between WT and ΔnapF3 at 75 ℃ were identified, including 363 genes with up-regulated expression and 536 genes with down-regulated expression. These DEGs were mainly involved in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine and isoleucine, ABC transporters, two-component system, fatty acid synthesis, thiamine metabolism and other pathways. The transcriptional levels of 13 genes and 3 sRNAs related to the thermophilic mechanism changed under specific temperatures. [Conclusion] napF3 plays a role in the thermophilic adaptation of T. tengcongensis.

Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis  /  napF3  /  thermophilic adaptation  /  mechanism  /  transcriptome  /  differentially expressed genes
王若彤, 刘亚娟, 郑航辉, 陈宜军, 万学瑞, 赵春林, 王川, 杨宇泽. napF3调控腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌热适应机制. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (10) : 3825 -3839 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240223
Ruotong WANG, Yajuan LIU, Hanghui ZHENG, Yijun CHEN, Xuerui WAN, Chunlin ZHAO, Chuan WANG, Yuze YANG. napF3 regulates thermophilic mechanism of Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (10) : 3825 -3839 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240223
嗜热菌通常是指生活在50 ℃以上的微生物,虽然热适应的单一因素被基本阐明,但由于细菌的生命活动在很大程度上是一个很复杂的分子网络,热适应的分子机制至今仍不清楚。随着测序技术的快速发展,目前在NCBI的数据库里有超过80株嗜热菌的基因组被公布,这对热适应机制的研究提供了有利的条件。目前对热适应机制的研究主要集中在基因组G+C含量[1-2]、mRNA的G+C含量[3]、氨基酸组成[4]和热适应蛋白[5]等。
腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌(Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis) MB4是1998年从云南腾冲温泉内分离的革兰氏阴性杆菌,可在50−80 ℃生存,其最适生长温度75 ℃,最适pH 7.5[6]。该基因组为闭合的双链环状DNA,是我国第一个自主完成基因组测序和注释的原核微生物[7]。在转录组分析中,信号转导、脂肪酸合成和ABC转运系统在腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌的热适应过程中起到重要作用,在Ⅰ-A亚型和Ⅲ-B亚型的CRISPR-Cas系统和sRNA也可能同样起到作用[8],其中CRISPR-Cas系统内,Ⅲ-B亚型的cmr3、cmr4和普遍存在于各亚型的Cas2均参与热适应过程[9-11]。同时,氨基酸组成不同对蛋白质的稳定性有重要的影响[12],AhpC中Glu (E)和Lys (K)的含量高于常温细菌,并且AhpC更加紧凑的三级蛋白结构,也使腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌比常温菌更能适应高温环境[13]。Wang等使用双向电泳(2DE)和MALDI-TOF/TOF质谱法,鉴定了在55、75和80 ℃下生长的腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌中的23种温度依赖性蛋白质[14-15]。Chen等使用同位素标记相对和绝对定量技术(isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification, iTRAQ)检测了在55、65、75和80 ℃条件下生长的腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌的差异表达蛋白并定义了251种温度依赖性蛋白质[16]
NapF3是腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌中的铁氧还蛋白2 (ferredoxin proteins 2, Fd-2),是由tte1339编码的电子载体,为2-氧代戊二酸-受体氧化还原酶亚基[7]。Fd-2是香叶基香叶基氢化酶(geranylgeranyl hydrogenase, GGR)的唯一电子供体,而在古菌中与细胞膜热适应机制相关的类异戊二烯链双键的氢化由GGR催化的[17]。然而它在腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌中的热适应机制尚不清楚,因此,本研究利用同源重组法获得腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌napF3的敲除株ΔnapF3,通过比较野生株和ΔnapF3株在50、60、75和80 ℃的生长状况,发现napF3与腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌热适应机制有一定的相关性,通过进一步分析敲除株和野生株的转录组,利用荧光定量PCR对差异表达的基因表达量进行验证,从而为阐明napF3在嗜热菌的热适应分子机制中的作用提供了一定的理论基础。
本研究所用腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌MB4菌株由中国科学院微生物研究所谭华荣研究员惠赠,大肠埃希菌(Escherichia coli) DH5α为本实验室保存。腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌在特定温度下用TTE培养基[18]静置培养,大肠埃希菌DH5α用肉汤培养基(Luria-Bertani, LB)在37 ℃振荡培养。
Hind Ⅲ、Xho Ⅰ、BamH Ⅰ、EcoR Ⅰ、T4连接酶均购自TaKaRa公司;Taq酶、DNA Marker、SuperScript Ⅲ反转录酶均购自Invitrogen公司;RNA提取试剂盒、基因组DNA提取试剂盒、质粒小提试剂盒、PCR产物纯化试剂盒、EasyPfu DNA Polymerase均购自TransGen Biotech公司。
本研究用引物序列见表1,根据AE008691.1序列设计。
通过CTAB法提取腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌全基因组,以此为模板,用引物P1和P2 (表1)通过PCR方法扩增napF3左臂片段,将左臂片段和敲除质粒pBOL01[7]分别经Xho Ⅰ和Hind Ⅲ双酶切后用T4连接酶将两者连接得到质粒pBOL01:: napF3: : left arm,用引物P3和P4通过PCR方法扩增napF3右臂片段,将右臂片段和质粒pBOL01:: napF3: : left arm分别经BamH Ⅰ、EcoR Ⅰ双酶切后用T4连接酶将两者连接得到质粒pBOL01:: ΔnapF3
将腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌菌液按照1%接入10 mL TTE培养基中,75 ℃静置培养5 h至OD600值为0.6−0.8,随后将50 µL敲除质粒pBOL01:: ΔnapF3和1 mL培养好的腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌菌液加入10 mL TTE培养基的厌氧管中,在60 ℃静置培养3 h,将随后将1 mL培养好的菌液加入到融化的固体TTE培养基中,再加入0.5 mL 100 µg/mL卡那霉素,颠倒混匀后放平厌氧管,在冰水混合物中迅速旋转,使固体TTE培养基均匀地吸附到管壁上,将固体TTE培养基放入60 ℃恒温箱中培养3−4 d,待固体厌氧管管壁长出单个菌落后,挑取ΔnapF3固体厌氧管中的单菌落,分别培养于腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌TTE液体培养基中,加0.5 mL 100 µg/mL卡那霉素,于60 ℃培养箱中培养2−3 d直至菌液浑浊,将转化液铺在选择性培养基上,挑取单菌落于60 ℃培养箱中孵育,提取基因组[19],用引物P5和P6 (表1)进行特异性扩增验证,将验证正确的napF3基因敲除的菌株定名为ΔnapF3株。
腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌野生株和ΔnapF3株用TTE液体培养基在50、60、75、80 ℃条件下培养,每隔2 h取样测定OD600值,直到野生株生长到稳定期,并绘制生长曲线。
收集75 ℃条件下培养的腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌野生株和ΔnapF3菌株,提取总RNA,使用Illumina® (New England Biolabs公司)的NEBNext®UltraTM方向RNA文库准备试剂盒的推荐程序建立测序文库,并在Illumina HiSeq平台上测序。原始数据被储存在NCBI生物项目中,登录号为PRJNA1095691。移除原始数据中低质量的读数后获得处理后数据,使用软件Bowtie2-2.2.3建立参考基因组,并将清洁读数匹配到参考基因组上[18]。使用DESeq R (1.18.0)包进行野生株和ΔnapF3株的差异表达分析,采用Benjamini和Hochberg法调整得到的P值,P < 0.05时被指定为差异表达基因。利用GOseq R包对差异表达基因进行基因本体(gene ontology, GO)富集分析[20];使用KOBAS软件测试京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG)途径中差异表达基因的统计富集情况[21]。对有价值的KEGG富集途径进行人工筛选,使用STRING数据库(https://string-db.org/)获得DEGs的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络数据(PPI) (置信度得分≥0.40)。用Cytoscape软件(v3.7.2)构建DEGs的可视化PPI网络图并筛选出枢纽基因。
收集50、60、75 ℃条件下培养的野生株和ΔnapF3株菌体进行荧光定量PCR,提取样品RNA并转录为cDNA,以16S rRNA作为内参基因。荧光定量PCR反应体系:2×SuperReal PreMix 12.5 μL,上、下游引物P7、P8 (10 μmol/L)各0.8 μL,cDNA 1.0 μL,加双蒸水至25 μL,共4个生物学重复。荧光定量PCR反应条件:95 ℃预变性5 min;95 ℃ 5 s,60 ℃ 10 s,72 ℃ 20 s,进行35个循环,于延伸阶段收集荧光信号。荧光定量PCR结束后立即进行熔解曲线分析,验证引物扩增的特异性。反应结束后对Ct值采用2−ΔΔCt法进行计算,以50 ℃野生株的各基因表达量为1,分析13个基因tte2227thiEthiDtte0620tte0003tte0272rnhAnapF3ccmA2tte2763galUnanEtte2411和3个非编码RNA基因sRNA49、sRNA104、sRNA103的表达水平。
以构建的ΔnapF3提取的基因组为模板,P5和P6为引物扩增得到3 300 bp片段;以野生株基因组为模板,P5和P6为引物扩增得到2 500 bp条带(图1),表明敲除株ΔnapF3构建成功。
在50、60、75和80 ℃条件下,腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌野生株、ΔnapF3的生长曲线显示,ΔnapF3菌株在50 ℃和80 ℃条件下不生长,在60、75 ℃条件下腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌野生株生长速度显著高于ΔnapF3 (图2)。
为了阐明腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌热适应机制,以其75 ℃的基因表达作为参照,分别对比了75 ℃下ΔnapF3株与野生株基因表达情况,定义了899个差异表达基因,其中包括363个表达上调基因和536个表达下调基因(图3A)。选取了10个上调和10个下调变化最大的基因(表2)。
对腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌的差异基因通过GO分析显示,899个差异表达基因富集于1 812个条目,其中显著富集在39个条目中,分别参与了细胞功能中的膜功能、生物过程中的定位、运输及分子功能中的嘌呤核苷酸结合,碳水化合物衍生物结合,水解酶活性等条目(图3B)。
对腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌的差异基因通过KEGG分析显示,899个差异表达基因定义了53个代谢途径,差异表达基因主要富集在缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成、ABC转运系统、双组分系统、脂肪酸合成、硫胺素代谢等途径(图3C);缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成途径的11个基因中有6个基因(ilvDilvBleuBleuDleuCleuA)表达上调,2个基因(gdhA3ilvE)表达下调;2-氧代羧酸代谢途径的20个基因中,7个基因(ilvDilvBleuBleuDacnAleuCleuA)表达上调,1个基因(ilvE)表达下调;同源重组途径的22个基因中有3个基因(dnaNrecOrecF)表达上调,3个基因(recD2recJ2ssb2)表达下调;在ABC转运系统的73个基因中有8个基因(araH3fecB2btuC2fepC2rbsDmglAaraHrbsB)表达上调,1个基因(ugpB5)表达下调;在双组分系统途径的56个基因中,2个基因(kdpBbaeS12)表达上调;在脂肪酸合成途径的12个基因中,1基因(fabG6)表达下调;在硫胺素代谢途径的11个基因中,5个基因(tte2233tte1733thiMthiDnifS2)表达上调。
根据30个KEGG代谢途径富集的66个差异表达基因的结果,筛选出66个DEGs进行PPI互相作用分析(图3D),发现有74个互作节点和1 183条边,互相作用最强的基因是aroB。通过PPI数据,选择程度大于10的DEGs,利用FPKM作为表达水平来生成热图(图3E)。热图中共有7个DEGs,其中1个基因(rpsO)下调,6个基因(atpHatpEleuAaroBdnaNleuB)上调。
为了检验RNA-seq的测序结果,对5个上调基因(porA4rpmlleuAthiEthiD)和3个下调基因(mltE2flaGrpoD5)进行了荧光定量PCR。所选基因通过荧光定量PCR的表达谱与RNA-seq检测的表达谱表现出相同的趋势,两种方法的数量差异很小(图3F)。
在50、60、75、80 ℃条件下特定基因的表达结果显示:在75 ℃条件下,napF3表达量为差异极显著;在80 ℃条件下,thiEthiDtte0620、sRNA104表达量为差异极显著(图4A)。
在60 ℃条件下,ΔnapF3相对野生株的各基因表达量中,thiDthiEtte0620tte003rnhAnapF3ccmA2tte2763galUnanEtte2411、sRNA104为差异极显著,tte2227tte072、sRNA49、sRNA103为差异非常显著,另外thiEtte0620tte2763galUtte2411表达量太低未检测到荧光信号(图4B)。
在75 ℃条件下,ΔnapF3相对野生株的各基因表达量中,tte0003napF3galUnanE为差异极显著,tte227thiDthiEtte2411为差异非常显著,tte0272rnhA、sRNA49为差异显著,tte0620ccmA2tte2763、sRNA103、sRNA104为差异不显著(图4C)。
本研究成功构建了napF3敲除株,观察了其与野生株在50、60、75和80 ℃条件下的生长趋势。ΔnapF3株在50 ℃和80 ℃不生长,在60 ℃和75 ℃生长速度比野生株缓慢,这可能是因为napF3敲除后2-氧代戊二酸-受体氧化还原酶亚基生物活性丧失,导致嗜热菌的能量供应发生障碍,因此推测napF3与腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌热适应相关。napF3在75 ℃时,野生株中表达水平显著升高,可在60 ℃和80 ℃时表达水平与50 ℃无明显区别,这与Wang等对腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌不同温度的转录组学中napF3的分析结果一致[8]。此外Chen等发现在75 ℃条件下,腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌参与糖酵解和相关能量产生的几种蛋白质显著上调[16]。嗜热菌通过增强来自糖酵解的关键酶或将其他来源转化为葡萄糖的催化能力来增加糖酵解途径,是嗜热生物在环境胁迫下存活的能量供应的有效解决方案。通过荧光定量PCR分析发现,在60 ℃的ΔnapF3中,tte0003ccmA2nanE、sRNA103、sRNA104表达量明显高于野生株。在75 ℃的ΔnapF3中,thiEthiDtte0003tte0272nanEtte2411表达量明显高于野生株。其中,thiE为硫胺素磷酸合成酶基因,thiD为双功能羟甲基嘧啶/磷酸甲基嘧啶激酶基因,它们是硫铵素合成途径的关键基因,参与硫铵素的生物合成[22]napF3为铁氧还蛋白2基因,是2-氧代戊二酸-受体氧化还原酶亚基,相关蛋白NapF3能在极端嗜热环境中提供稳定的氧化还原电子载体,2-氧戊二酸-受体氧化还原酶能催化α-酮戊二酸氧化脱羧生成琥珀酰-CoA和CO2,α-酮戊二酸+辅酶A+Fdox↔琥珀酰-CoA+CO2+Fdred[23]。因此,napF3能够参与细胞膜脂质合成,是腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌嗜热性的相关基因;ccmA2为多药ABC转运蛋白ATP酶基因,其与维持细菌正常形态有关[24],而正常的形态与腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌热适应机制的运行息息相关。sRNA49、sRNA103、sRNA104为非编码RNA,其可能与嗜热相关蛋白表达的激活或抑制有关。因此,在ΔnapF3中发现tte0003tte2227ccmA2thiDthiEtte0272nanEtte2411、sRNA103、sRNA104在特定温度下表达显著上调,这些基因产物和sRNA可能在不同温度下与napF3相互作用影响其功能的发挥。
分解代谢释放的高能电子需要通过合适的小分子或蛋白质电子载体暂时捕获。NAD (NAD+,还原时为NADH)和NADP (NADP+,还原时为NADPH)是常见的电子载体,但鉴于其热不稳定性,NAD(P)+的效用受限于许多情况[25]。此外,仅320 mV的中点电位限制了NAD(P)H的还原能力,因为H2/H+的中点电位为414 mV,所以直接从NADH中还原质子是不可能的[26]。鉴于NAD(P)的局限性,许多物种编码蛋白质电子载体,其中最常见且丰富的称为铁氧还蛋白(Fds)[27-28]。在极端嗜热环境中,Fds以及相关蛋白,如黄素氧还蛋白、红素氧还蛋白、硫氧还蛋白和谷氧还蛋白,提供稳定的氧化还原电子载体[29]
对差异表达基因进行KEGG分析发现,在ΔnapF3中差异表达基因在缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成、ABC转运系统、双组分系统、脂肪酸合成、硫胺素代谢等途径富集程度最大。通过对KEGG中相关基因的通路分析发现,aroBdnaNleuBrpsOatpHatpEleuA这7个基因为互作中心,leuBleuA在缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成途径中发挥作用。亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的疏水作用有利于蛋白质折叠成更紧密的结构从而更有利于蛋白质的热稳定性[30]。在嗜热生物中DNA修复机制特别重要,因为自发性DNA突变的比率在高温下升高[31]。脂肪酸含量会影响细胞膜的流动性[32],冷休克后,腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌中参与脂肪酸和磷脂生物合成的负调控基因paaI上调2.9倍,导致脂肪酸生物合成减少[33]。同样,在敲除napF3后,参与脂肪酸合成的fabG6表现出显著下调,因此可以推断,napF3可以通过影响膜流动性适应环境温度。
ABC转运系统家族在不同的生物中执行多样的功能,如抗酸性环境下的离子转运[34-35]。同时,ABC转运系统在热压力和冷压力下起着重要的功能,在热压力中,超氧化物歧化酶和锌离子ABC转运蛋白上调,而铁离子ABC转运蛋白下调。活性氧或活性氮清除活性也有所增加。为了响应较低的溶解度,在转录水平上观察到硝酸盐呼吸的短暂激活[36]。在众多ABC转运系统家族基因作用下,核糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖、半乳糖苷及铁离子相关基因显著上调。
双组分系统通常可以与生物体的系统发育位置、生活方式和遇到的典型环境挑战相关联。编码信号转导的数量,可以用来衡量生物体适应不同条件的能力[37]。在ΔnapF3转录组中,双组分系统中kdMpB显著上调,促进K+流动,激活了能量传导和信号传导,使基因表达更加活跃,从而参与调控了腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌的热适应机制。
双功能羟甲基嘧啶/磷酸甲基嘧啶激酶基因thiD,噻唑激酶基因thiM显著上调,证明硫胺素代谢途径参与腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌的热适应机制的调控。硫胺素焦磷酸作为碳水化合物和氨基酸代谢所必需的酶的辅因子,包括转酮酶、2-氧代酸脱羧酶、2-氧代酸脱氢酶和乙酰乳酸合成酶[21]
本研究通过对ΔnapF3的分析,更深入解析了napF3在热适应机制中所起到的作用,该研究结果为更深入探索腾冲嗜热厌氧杆菌的热适应机制奠定了基础。
  • 甘肃农业大学青年导师扶持基金(GAU-QDFC-2023-04)
  • 国家自然科学基金(31500067)
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2024年第64卷第10期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240223
  • 接收时间:2024-04-08
  • 首发时间:2026-03-21
  • 出版时间:2024-07-11
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-08
  • 录用日期:2024-07-05
基金
Youth Mentor Fund of Gansu Agricultural University(GAU-QDFC-2023-04)
甘肃农业大学青年导师扶持基金(GAU-QDFC-2023-04)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31500067)
国家自然科学基金(31500067)
作者信息
    1 甘肃农业大学 动物医学院, 甘肃 兰州 730030
    2 北京市畜牧总站, 北京 100101
    3 天水师范学院, 甘肃 天水 741000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
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genus
种数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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