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Article(id=1172615465621930478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, issueId=1172615462853685818, articleNumber=1009-2617(2024)06-0640-06, orderNo=null, doi=10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2024.06.007, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1721059200000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-16, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1757502913145, onlineDateStr=2025-09-10, pubDate=1734624000000, pubDateStr=2024-12-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1757502913145, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-09-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1757502913145, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757502913145, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1172615462853685818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, year='2024', volume='43', issue='6', pageStart='593', pageEnd='716', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1757502912485, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1758246000747, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1175732200986263845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, issueId=1172615462853685818, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1175732200986263846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, issueId=1172615462853685818, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=640, endPage=645, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1172615465831645681, articleId=1172615465621930478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, language=EN, title=Continuous Dissolution of U3O8 in Nitric Acid, columnId=1152626641181700664, journalTitle=Hydrometallurgy of China, columnName=Experiment Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In view of the "bimodal" particle size distribution phenomenon of U3O8 raw materials, the process concept of rapid dissolution of fine U3O8 and continuous dissolution of large U3O8 at the bottom of the equipment was put forward, and a tank-type continuous dissolution device was designed. The rationality of the proposed tank-type dissolution device, the feasibility of the continuous dissolution process of U3O8 in nitric acid, and its applicability to different raw materials were verified through micro, small-scale,and pilot tests. The results show that under the conditions of the nitric acid concentration of 6 mol/L, dissolution temperature of approximately 60 ℃, and residence time of 40 minutes, U3O8 from different sources can be effectively dissolved, the uranium mass concentration in the dissolution solution is 350~400 g/L.

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康绍辉(1978—),男,本科,研究员级高级工程师,主要研究方向为铀纯化转化、铀矿冶。

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康绍辉(1978—),男,本科,研究员级高级工程师,主要研究方向为铀纯化转化、铀矿冶。

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康绍辉(1978—),男,本科,研究员级高级工程师,主要研究方向为铀纯化转化、铀矿冶。

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1—NAC KAZATOMPROM公司;2—NAVOI MINING公司;3—KATCO公司。

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粒级/目 质量/g 占比/%
+75 30.95 10.32
+120~-75 16.04 5.35
+190~-120 6.29 2.10
+250~-190 8.04 2.68
+320~-250 1.75 0.58
-320 224.59 74.86
合计 287.66 95.89
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U3O8的粒级筛分结果

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粒级/目 质量/g 占比/%
+75 30.95 10.32
+120~-75 16.04 5.35
+190~-120 6.29 2.10
+250~-190 8.04 2.68
+320~-250 1.75 0.58
-320 224.59 74.86
合计 287.66 95.89
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累计
时间/min		 溶解
温度/℃		 现象 溶解液中铀
质量浓度/(g·L-1)
44 45 有黑色不溶物 285
50 47 黑色不溶物减少 320
62 48 黑色不溶物减少 343
80 49 极少黑色不溶物 356
86 50 极少黑色不溶物 366
98 50 无黑色不溶物 369
104 50 无黑色不溶物 372
116 51 无黑色不溶物 370
128 51 无黑色不溶物 372
140 51 无黑色不溶物 365
152 51 无黑色不溶物 355
162 50 无黑色不溶物 372
168 50 无黑色不溶物 370
174 51 无黑色不溶物 369
180 51 无黑色不溶物 364
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微型连续溶解试验结果

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累计
时间/min		 溶解
温度/℃		 现象 溶解液中铀
质量浓度/(g·L-1)
44 45 有黑色不溶物 285
50 47 黑色不溶物减少 320
62 48 黑色不溶物减少 343
80 49 极少黑色不溶物 356
86 50 极少黑色不溶物 366
98 50 无黑色不溶物 369
104 50 无黑色不溶物 372
116 51 无黑色不溶物 370
128 51 无黑色不溶物 372
140 51 无黑色不溶物 365
152 51 无黑色不溶物 355
162 50 无黑色不溶物 372
168 50 无黑色不溶物 370
174 51 无黑色不溶物 369
180 51 无黑色不溶物 364
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累计时间/min 累计U3O8加入量/g 溶解温度/℃ 现象
0 0 52 无黑色不溶物
10 200 55 无黑色不溶物
20 400 59 无黑色不溶物
30 600 60 无黑色不溶物
36 720 62 无黑色不溶物,泡沫高于液面3 cm
50 1 000 62 无黑色不溶物
60 1 200 62 无黑色不溶物,内筒泡沫高于液面3~4 cm
70 1 400 63 无黑色不溶物,内筒仍积存泡沫3 cm
80 1 600 63 无黑色不溶物,内筒仍积存泡沫3 cm
90 1 800 63 无黑色不溶物,内筒仍积存泡沫2~3 cm
100 2 000 63 无黑色不溶物,内筒仍积存泡沫2~3 cm
110 2 200 62 无黑色不溶物,内筒仍积存泡沫2~3 cm
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小型连续溶解试验结果

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累计时间/min 累计U3O8加入量/g 溶解温度/℃ 现象
0 0 52 无黑色不溶物
10 200 55 无黑色不溶物
20 400 59 无黑色不溶物
30 600 60 无黑色不溶物
36 720 62 无黑色不溶物,泡沫高于液面3 cm
50 1 000 62 无黑色不溶物
60 1 200 62 无黑色不溶物,内筒泡沫高于液面3~4 cm
70 1 400 63 无黑色不溶物,内筒仍积存泡沫3 cm
80 1 600 63 无黑色不溶物,内筒仍积存泡沫3 cm
90 1 800 63 无黑色不溶物,内筒仍积存泡沫2~3 cm
100 2 000 63 无黑色不溶物,内筒仍积存泡沫2~3 cm
110 2 200 62 无黑色不溶物,内筒仍积存泡沫2~3 cm
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溶解时刻 溶解温度/℃ 铀平衡质量浓度/(g·L-1) 溶解液浊度/NTU 现象
9∶40 65.4 376.04 12 无黑色不溶物
10∶00 59.4 320.72 15 无黑色不溶物
10∶39 60.4 348.84 13 无黑色不溶物
11∶00 60.4 363.08 15 无黑色不溶物
11∶30 59.4 362.50 10 无黑色不溶物
12∶00 60.4 355.79 16 无黑色不溶物
13∶00 61.8 399.54 18 无黑色不溶物
13∶30 60.7 390.38 16 无黑色不溶物
14∶30 63.3 375.69 20 无黑色不溶物
15∶00 63.8 380.36 15 无黑色不溶物
15∶30 62.7 378.36 11 无黑色不溶物
16∶00 62.1 374.54 12 无黑色不溶物
), ArticleFig(id=1175864892910354436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172615465621930478, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

NAC KAZATOMPROM公司的U3O8溶解扩大试验结果

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溶解时刻 溶解温度/℃ 铀平衡质量浓度/(g·L-1) 溶解液浊度/NTU 现象
9∶40 65.4 376.04 12 无黑色不溶物
10∶00 59.4 320.72 15 无黑色不溶物
10∶39 60.4 348.84 13 无黑色不溶物
11∶00 60.4 363.08 15 无黑色不溶物
11∶30 59.4 362.50 10 无黑色不溶物
12∶00 60.4 355.79 16 无黑色不溶物
13∶00 61.8 399.54 18 无黑色不溶物
13∶30 60.7 390.38 16 无黑色不溶物
14∶30 63.3 375.69 20 无黑色不溶物
15∶00 63.8 380.36 15 无黑色不溶物
15∶30 62.7 378.36 11 无黑色不溶物
16∶00 62.1 374.54 12 无黑色不溶物
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溶解时刻 溶解温度/℃ 铀平衡质量浓度/(g·L-1) 浊度/NTU 现象
9∶40 59.2 286.92 30 无黑色不溶物
10∶10 66.2 271.64 38 无黑色不溶物
11∶10 63.3 336.84 38 无黑色不溶物
11∶40 63.3 357.75 39 无黑色不溶物
12∶10 63.4 394.68 44 无黑色不溶物
13∶00 62.4 389.81 42 无黑色不溶物
13∶30 63.6 387.62 45 无黑色不溶物
14∶30 63.5 398.96 44 无黑色不溶物
15∶00 62.4 389.74 49 无黑色不溶物
15∶30 63.5 384.47 45 无黑色不溶物
16∶00 62.8 380.51 48 无黑色不溶物
), ArticleFig(id=1175864893283647495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172615465621930478, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

NAVOI MINING公司的U3O8溶解扩大试验结果

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溶解时刻 溶解温度/℃ 铀平衡质量浓度/(g·L-1) 浊度/NTU 现象
9∶40 59.2 286.92 30 无黑色不溶物
10∶10 66.2 271.64 38 无黑色不溶物
11∶10 63.3 336.84 38 无黑色不溶物
11∶40 63.3 357.75 39 无黑色不溶物
12∶10 63.4 394.68 44 无黑色不溶物
13∶00 62.4 389.81 42 无黑色不溶物
13∶30 63.6 387.62 45 无黑色不溶物
14∶30 63.5 398.96 44 无黑色不溶物
15∶00 62.4 389.74 49 无黑色不溶物
15∶30 63.5 384.47 45 无黑色不溶物
16∶00 62.8 380.51 48 无黑色不溶物
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溶解时刻 溶解温度/℃ 铀平衡质量浓度/(g·L-1) 浊度/NTU 现象
9∶40 60.1 324.11 65 无黑色不溶物
10∶30 63.9 342.54 76 无黑色不溶物
11∶00 65.9 370.12 74 无黑色不溶物
11∶30 63.5 386.67 82 无黑色不溶物
12∶00 63.4 387.12 89 无黑色不溶物
12∶30 63.5 395.83 85 无黑色不溶物
13∶00 63.6 387.51 88 无黑色不溶物
14∶00 63.9 397.55 86 无黑色不溶物
14∶30 63.4 393.52 84 无黑色不溶物
15∶00 63.5 383.91 78 无黑色不溶物
15∶30 63.9 391.33 86 无黑色不溶物
16∶00 63.6 388.42 75 无黑色不溶物
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KATCO公司的U3O8溶解扩大试验结果

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溶解时刻 溶解温度/℃ 铀平衡质量浓度/(g·L-1) 浊度/NTU 现象
9∶40 60.1 324.11 65 无黑色不溶物
10∶30 63.9 342.54 76 无黑色不溶物
11∶00 65.9 370.12 74 无黑色不溶物
11∶30 63.5 386.67 82 无黑色不溶物
12∶00 63.4 387.12 89 无黑色不溶物
12∶30 63.5 395.83 85 无黑色不溶物
13∶00 63.6 387.51 88 无黑色不溶物
14∶00 63.9 397.55 86 无黑色不溶物
14∶30 63.4 393.52 84 无黑色不溶物
15∶00 63.5 383.91 78 无黑色不溶物
15∶30 63.9 391.33 86 无黑色不溶物
16∶00 63.6 388.42 75 无黑色不溶物
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U3O8的硝酸连续溶解试验研究
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康绍辉 , 牛玉清 , 李大炳 , 周志全 , 张永明 , 曹令华 , 任燕 , 王皓 , 曹笑豪 , 叶开凯 , 张佳宇
湿法冶金 | 试验研究 2024,43(6): 640-645
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湿法冶金 | 试验研究 2024, 43(6): 640-645
U3O8的硝酸连续溶解试验研究
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康绍辉, 牛玉清, 李大炳, 周志全, 张永明, 曹令华, 任燕, 王皓, 曹笑豪, 叶开凯, 张佳宇
作者信息
  • 核工业北京化工冶金研究院, 北京 101149

    • 康绍辉(1978—),男,本科,研究员级高级工程师,主要研究方向为铀纯化转化、铀矿冶。

Continuous Dissolution of U3O8 in Nitric Acid
Shaohui KANG, Yuqing NIU, Dabing LI, Zhiquan ZHOU, Yongming ZHANG, Linghua CAO, Yan REN, Hao WANG, Xiaohao CAO, Kaikai YE, Jiayu ZHANG
Affiliations
  • Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Engineering and Metallergy, CNNC, Beijing 101149, China
出版时间: 2024-12-20 doi: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2024.06.007
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摘要
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针对U3O8原料粒级分布呈“两头多”现象,提出了细颗粒U3O8快速溶解、大颗粒U3O8设备底部持续溶解的工艺思路,设计了一种槽式连续溶解装置。通过微型、小型和扩大试验验证了该槽式溶解装置的合理性、U3O8硝酸连续溶解工艺的可行性,以及对不同原料的适用性。结果表明:在硝酸浓度6 mol/L、溶解温度约60 ℃、停留时间40 min条件下,溶解液中铀平衡质量浓度在350~400 g/L之间,不同来源的U3O8原料均能得到有效溶解。
八氧化三铀  /  连续溶解  /  硝酸  /  铀酰

In view of the "bimodal" particle size distribution phenomenon of U3O8 raw materials, the process concept of rapid dissolution of fine U3O8 and continuous dissolution of large U3O8 at the bottom of the equipment was put forward, and a tank-type continuous dissolution device was designed. The rationality of the proposed tank-type dissolution device, the feasibility of the continuous dissolution process of U3O8 in nitric acid, and its applicability to different raw materials were verified through micro, small-scale,and pilot tests. The results show that under the conditions of the nitric acid concentration of 6 mol/L, dissolution temperature of approximately 60 ℃, and residence time of 40 minutes, U3O8 from different sources can be effectively dissolved, the uranium mass concentration in the dissolution solution is 350~400 g/L.

U3O8  /  continuous dissolution  /  nitric acid  /  uranyl nitrate
康绍辉, 牛玉清, 李大炳, 周志全, 张永明, 曹令华, 任燕, 王皓, 曹笑豪, 叶开凯, 张佳宇. U3O8的硝酸连续溶解试验研究. 湿法冶金, 2024 , 43 (6) : 640 -645 . DOI: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2024.06.007
Shaohui KANG, Yuqing NIU, Dabing LI, Zhiquan ZHOU, Yongming ZHANG, Linghua CAO, Yan REN, Hao WANG, Xiaohao CAO, Kaikai YE, Jiayu ZHANG. Continuous Dissolution of U3O8 in Nitric Acid[J]. Hydrometallurgy of China, 2024 , 43 (6) : 640 -645 . DOI: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2024.06.007
正文
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铀纯化转化是我国核燃料循环的重要环节之一,流程主要包括铀矿浓缩物溶解—萃取—浓缩脱硝—还原—氢氟化—氟化—冷凝液化等工序[1]。而铀矿浓缩物溶解是铀纯化转化的首要工序,其重要性可见一斑。
目前,在工业生产中,铀矿浓缩物的溶解过程为间歇式溶解,该法采用罐式容器作为主体设备,其优势在于装置结构简单、易于操作和维护。但该法还存在一些不足,如间歇式操作使得设备在每次溶解周期之间存在空闲,无法持续高效运行,影响生产效率;物料批次加入后,有害废气也随之批次产出,瞬时产生量和气体浓度存在很大波动,给后续的连续稳定处理带来极大困难,若要保证废气的处理效果,处理设备体积必然增大,进一步增加投资成本。另外,现在多数系统基本为手动操作,需要的生产人员较多,生产效率较低,由于工作环境涉及放射性粉尘,也会对操作人员的健康构成潜在威胁。相较而言,连续溶解装置易于自动控制,有利于连续稳定运行,溶解液组成较为恒定,且操作人员劳动强度低,目前已在国外得到广泛应用。为提升生产效率、降低生产成本和能耗、改善工作环境、保障人员健康,加快研制出适用于我国行业特性的连续溶解装置,助推我国铀纯化转化的技术升级[2-3],具有重要意义。
试验测定了U3O8的粒级分布特性,并在此基础上,提出了U3O8在硝酸介质中连续溶解的工艺路线。旨在通过一系列连续溶解试验,深入探索并优化该工艺过程,进而构建一套高效、稳定的U3O8硝酸连续溶解系统,实现U3O8的连续高效溶解,并为其后续的工业开发与应用提供技术参考。
1 U3O8的特性
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1.1 U3O8的粒级筛分
试验用U3O8原料呈黑色、细粉末状,含水率为0.035%,分散性好,粒级筛分结果见表1。可以看出:+75目粗颗粒占比为10.32%,-320目细颗粒占比达74.86%,其他粒级范围之和仅占10.71%,呈现“两头多”现象。
1.2 U3O8的沉降性能测试
试验对U3O8颗粒的沉降性能进行了测试,结果表明:整体沉降速度较慢,仅为0.12~0.13 cm/min,这是细粒级占比较大所致;而粗颗粒沉降速度较快,+75目颗粒平均沉降速度可达144 cm/min。由于粗颗粒沉降速度过快,采用管道式溶解装置需要管道足够长才能保证颗粒充分溶解,否则可能造成大颗粒在管道底部沉积,影响溶解效果[4];而采用槽式溶解装置并辅以适当搅拌机制更适用于溶解该颗粒,这种装置不仅能够有效避免大颗粒沉积问题,还能通过搅拌维持大颗粒物料的溶解平衡,确保溶解过程的高效与稳定进行。
2 试验结果与讨论
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2.1 微型连续溶解试验
为验证槽式溶解工艺的可行性,设计了一种微型连续溶解试验装置。该装置为圆筒状,内径3.5 cm,筒高14 cm,筒底设有磁力搅拌装置。在硝酸溶液浓度6 mol/L、加入速度1.33 mL/min、U3O8加入速度0.6 g/min、停留时间60 min条件下,采用该试验装置进行U3O8连续溶解试验,结果见表2。U3O8和硝酸溶液从筒顶加入,开启筒底磁力搅拌,将溶解筒置于水浴槽中加热,溶解液从溶解装置底部向上导出[5]。
由表2看出:试验初始阶段,由于还未将溶解体系完全加热,溶解温度较低,溶解速度较慢,流出的溶解液中含有黑色未溶解的U3O8颗粒;随溶解进行,加热持续,溶解温度逐渐升高,溶解速度也随之逐步变快;溶解温度达50 ℃时,溶解液中基本无黑色颗粒出现,U3O8已完全溶解,说明该溶解方案能连续溶解U3O8,溶解液可连续稳定产出。
2.2 小型连续溶解试验
为验证微型连续溶解工艺的可行性及溶解装置结构设计的合理性,设计了1 kgU/h级小型连续溶解装置。该装置为立式双层筒,材质为有机玻璃,外筒内径10 cm,内筒内径7 cm,筒高30 cm,搅拌桨为多层复合搅拌桨,桨外径5~8 cm,水浴加热。在硝酸溶液浓度6 mol/L、加入速度44 mL/min、U3O8加入速度20 g/min、停留时间40 min条件下进行小型连续溶解试验,结果见表3。可以看出:溶解温度为50 ℃以上,U3O8均能有效溶解,验证了微型试验结果,流出液中无未溶解的U3O8颗粒。试验采用的是复合磁力搅拌系统,该系统相较单纯磁力搅拌系统,U3O8颗粒和硝酸溶液混合效果更佳,因此在停留40 min时,U3O8即可得到有效溶解。U3O8的硝酸溶解放热,因此存在一定的放热效应;由于溶解产生的氮氧化物气体逸出时会形成气泡,溶解设备放大时应留出相应的空间。小型连续溶解试验结果说明,采用槽式溶解器并辅以复合桨搅拌能实现U3O8的连续溶解,溶解液中无黑色未溶解U3O8。
2.3 连续溶解扩大试验
为进一步验证小型试验溶解工艺的可行性及溶解装置结构设计的合理性,沿用1 kgU/h级试验装置的设计方案设计了10 kgU/h级试验装置。该装置的材质为有机玻璃,外筒内径216 mm,内筒内径165 mm,筒体总高度1 100 mm,搅拌桨为多层复合搅拌桨,共4层,外径12 cm;顶盖设有加料口、温度测量口和废气排出口,采用热水夹套加热;U3O8原料采用螺旋加料机进料,将螺旋旋转频率与加料速度关联,以达到控制加料速度的目的[6-9];硝酸溶液通过计量泵加入到溶解罐中,将流量计与计量泵变频器关联控制速度。
试验先选用哈萨克斯坦NAC KAZATOMPROM公司的U3O8原料进行连续溶解试验。试验条件为:U3O8原料加入速度14~15 kg/h、硝酸溶液加入速度0.032~0.033 m3/h、停留时间40 min。NAC KAZATOMPROM公司的U3O8溶解扩大试验结果见表4、图2。
由表4看出:在溶解温度约为60 ℃时,NAC KAZATOMPROM公司的U3O8原料能得到有效连续溶解,溶解达到平衡后,溶解液中铀质量浓度在348.84~399.54 g/L范围内,未发现黑色不溶物,说明U3O8已完全溶解,这与小型试验结果基本一致;该公司的U3O8原料中不溶性杂质较少,所得溶解液浊度仅为10~20 NTU,完全能满足后续萃取要求。
由图2看出:装置底部呈黑色,说明大量U3O8颗粒未溶解,而装置上部呈棕色,说明U3O8颗粒基本溶解完全。这大致符合大颗粒U3O8在装置底部持续溶解、而溶解完成后所得溶解液从上部溢出的溶解方案构建思路。
为进一步考察该工艺对原料的适用性,在相同工艺条件下,对乌兹别克斯坦NAVOI MINING公司的U3O8原料进行了连续溶解试验,结果见表5和图3。
由表5、图3看出:溶解达到平衡时,溶解温度在59.2~66.2 ℃之间,溶液中铀平衡质量浓度在357.75~398.96 g/L范围内,未发现黑色未溶颗粒,说明NAVOI MINING公司的U3O8原料得到了有效连续溶解,进一步验证了所设定溶解工艺参数合理性和所设计试验装置结构的可靠性;与NAC KAZATOMPROM公司的U3O8溶解液相比,NAVOI MINING公司的U3O8溶解液偏浑浊,悬浮有少量浅棕色不溶物,说明其原料中不溶性杂质较多,所得溶解液浊度虽基本在50 NTU以下,可直接萃取,但乳化物必然会增多。试验中还发现,该公司的U3O8原料中四价铀占比偏大,溶解过程产生的氮氧化物气体较多,溶解液表层存有一定厚度气泡,需要更大的设备空间,在今后的工业化实施时应特别关注。由图3还可看出:NAVOI MINING公司相较于NAC KAZATOMPROM公司的溶解装置底部颜色浅很多,推测NAVOI MINING公司的U3O8原料中大颗粒占比可能比NAC KAZATOMPROM公司的更少,表观上溶解速度更快。
为了对比不同U3O8原料的溶解性能,进一步拓展工艺适用性,试验进一步选取哈萨克斯坦KATCO公司的U3O8原料进行溶解试验,工艺条件同上,试验结果见表6、图4。
由表6、图4看出:KATCO公司的U3O8溶解性能与上述2家公司的原料基本相似,相同工艺条件下,能实现有效连续溶解,溶解达到平衡后,溶解温度在60.1~65.9之间,溶解液铀平衡质量浓度为386~397 g/L。说明所提出的硝酸溶解工艺及参数能满足不同种类U3O8的溶解需求,所设计的溶解装置对于溶解过程废气量变化、溶解液浊度变化也均具有较好的适用性,废气和溶液均能顺利排出。
与上述2家公司U3O8溶解液相比,KATO公司的U3O8溶解液最为浑浊,呈棕红色(见图5),说明该公司U3O8原料中不溶性杂质最多,所得溶解液浊度在70 NTU以上(见表6),需采用适当的方式和设备进行固液分离才能满足后续萃取要求。
3 结论
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针对U3O8原料粒级分布呈“两头多”现象导致的采用传统管道式溶解装置难以处理的问题,研究设计了一种新型的槽式连续溶解装置,并采用硝酸连续溶解工艺溶解U3O8。微型、小型和扩大试验结果表明,该槽式溶解装置设计合理,溶解工艺可行,可用于处理不同种类U3O8原料,适用性较强。该法能实现不同种类U3O8原料的连续高效溶解,可为其后续的工业开发与应用提供技术参考。所设计装置不仅能用于铀氧化物的溶解,满足国内生产的铀浓缩物经制浆或干燥处理需求,还能实现U3O8的连续溶解,具有较好的推广应用价值。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2267225)
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC2907802)
  • 中核集团领创科研项目(CNNC-JCYJ202211)
文献
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文章信息
doi: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2024.06.007
  • 接收时间：2024-07-16
  • 首发时间：2025-09-10
  • 出版时间：2024-12-20
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  • 收稿日期：2024-07-16
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2267225)
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC2907802)
中核集团领创科研项目(CNNC-JCYJ202211)
作者信息
    核工业北京化工冶金研究院, 北京 101149
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
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