Article(id=1172169531284898161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, issueId=1172169457649697117, articleNumber=1009-2617(2025)04-0561-06, orderNo=null, doi=10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.04.016, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1732204800000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1757396594115, onlineDateStr=2025-09-09, pubDate=1755619200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1757396594115, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-09-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1757396594115, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757396594115, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1172169457649697117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, year='2025', volume='44', issue='4', pageStart='433', pageEnd='581', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1757396576558, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757401820494, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1172191452378547078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, issueId=1172169457649697117, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1172191452378547079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, issueId=1172169457649697117, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=561, endPage=566, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1172169531549139315, articleId=1172169531284898161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, language=EN, title=Optimized Setting Compensation Method of Operating Amount of Hydrometallurgical Equipment Based on Real-Time Data Acquisition, columnId=1152626641181700664, journalTitle=Hydrometallurgy of China, columnName=Experiment Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to solve the problem of real-time and accurate parameter optimization in hydrometallurgical equipment operation,an optimization setting compensation method based on real-time data acquisition was proposed by combining the improved POPOA method and the improved JITL online learning method.The results show that compared with the traditional method,the retraining time of the modified JITL method is significantly reduced,the optimization rate is significantly increased,and the energy consumption is significantly reduced.The improved POPOA method significantly improves the performance of real-time data processing,and the processing time is about 40% shorter than that of the traditional method.The improved POPOA method reduces the load rate of the system significantly compared with the traditional method when the multi-task is running concurrently.This method can effectively improve the accuracy of operation performance evaluation,the real-time response ability of the system,and the generalization ability of the model,and reduce energy consumption and operation cost,so it has a certain application prospect.

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为解决湿法冶金设备操作过程中参数优化的实时性与精准性难题,将改进的POPOA方法和改进的JITL在线学习方法相结合,提出了一种基于实时数据采集的操作量优化设定补偿方法。结果表明:与传统方法相比,改进JITL方法的重训练时间明显缩短,优化率明显提升,能耗显著降低;改进POPOA方法对实时数据的处理性能明显提升,处理时间较传统方法缩短约40%;改进POPOA方法在多任务并发运行时,系统负载率较传统方法显著降低。该方法能有效提升运行性能评估的准确性、系统的实时响应能力,以及模型的泛化能力,并降低能耗和运行成本,具有一定应用前景。

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徐晓洁(1980—),女,硕士研究生,讲师,主要研究方向为计算机、数据分析。

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徐晓洁(1980—),女,硕士研究生,讲师,主要研究方向为计算机、数据分析。

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徐晓洁(1980—),女,硕士研究生,讲师,主要研究方向为计算机、数据分析。

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Industrial Instruments and Automation Devices, 2024(1):66-70., articleTitle=Automatic optimization algorithm for parameter sensitivity of fiber bragg grating strain sensors based on weighted least squares, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1172217942931542118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=14, issue=4, pageStart=410, pageEnd=417, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=22, authorNames=王彩玲, 位欣欣, journalName=中国无机分析化学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王彩玲, 位欣欣. 水体透射光谱结合主成分分析(PCA)改进化学需氧量(COD)含量估算研究[J]. 中国无机分析化学, 2024, 14(4):410-417., articleTitle=水体透射光谱结合主成分分析(PCA)改进化学需氧量(COD)含量估算研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1172217942994456679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=14, issue=4, pageStart=410, pageEnd=417, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=23, authorNames=WANG Cailing, WEI Xinxin, journalName=Chinese Inorganic Analytical Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Cailing, WEI Xinxin. Research on estimating chemical oxygen demand (COD) content using water transmittance spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis (PCA)[J]. Chinese Inorganic Analytical Chemistry, 2024, 14(4):410-417., articleTitle=Research on estimating chemical oxygen demand (COD) content using water transmittance spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis (PCA), refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1172217937541861413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1172217937562832934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, companyId=1172217937541861413, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Computing,Xinxiang Vocational and Technical College,Xinxiang 453000,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1172217937587998759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, companyId=1172217937541861413, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=新乡职业技术学院 计算机学院,河南 新乡 453000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1172217939265720375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Operating flowchart of hydrometallurgy equipment, figureFileSmall=yQlUIM1HnHhXU0dA4khbCQ==, figureFileBig=0silzOBtHLCh+idY4D8OaA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172217939337023544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=CN, label=图1, caption=湿法冶金设备的操作流程, figureFileSmall=yQlUIM1HnHhXU0dA4khbCQ==, figureFileBig=0silzOBtHLCh+idY4D8OaA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172217939412521017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Schematic diagram of improved POPOA model, figureFileSmall=HrGkFRegk8efEWX+0ny+FQ==, figureFileBig=XXhFmCCP8p4Jzan5PnQtpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172217939504795706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=CN, label=图2, caption=改进POPOA模型示意, figureFileSmall=HrGkFRegk8efEWX+0ny+FQ==, figureFileBig=XXhFmCCP8p4Jzan5PnQtpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172217939567710267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Schematic diagram of compensation for optimised setting of operating volume with improved JITL, figureFileSmall=MZNGESvQWqCxvMig/hMFZQ==, figureFileBig=ZaUXocKykXTSNTAxuflLng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172217939639013436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=CN, label=图3, caption=改进的JITL的操作量优化设定补偿的原理, figureFileSmall=MZNGESvQWqCxvMig/hMFZQ==, figureFileBig=ZaUXocKykXTSNTAxuflLng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1172217939701927997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Experimental results of real-time dynamic environment adaptation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
输入变化
周期/min
传统方法
平均误差/%
改进的JITL方法
平均误差/%
10 8.72 5.43
20 6.54 3.89
30 5.12 2.91
), ArticleFig(id=1172217939794202686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

实时动态环境适应性试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
输入变化
周期/min
传统方法
平均误差/%
改进的JITL方法
平均误差/%
10 8.72 5.43
20 6.54 3.89
30 5.12 2.91
), ArticleFig(id=1172217939873894463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Experimental results of model migration and retraining performance

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
迁移工况
场景
传统方法
重训练时间/s
改进的JITL方法
重训练时间/s
工况A 350 210
工况B 420 260
工况C 310 190
), ArticleFig(id=1172217939978752064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

模型迁移与重训练性能试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
迁移工况
场景
传统方法
重训练时间/s
改进的JITL方法
重训练时间/s
工况A 350 210
工况B 420 260
工况C 310 190
), ArticleFig(id=1172217940054249537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Experimental results of decision optimisation effects

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
优化指标 传统方法
指标优化率/%
改进的JITL方法
指标优化率/%
生产效率提升 8.3 12.5
能耗降低 6.7 10.4
故障率降低 5.5 8.1
), ArticleFig(id=1172217940129747010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

决策优化效果试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
优化指标 传统方法
指标优化率/%
改进的JITL方法
指标优化率/%
生产效率提升 8.3 12.5
能耗降低 6.7 10.4
故障率降低 5.5 8.1
), ArticleFig(id=1172217940226216003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Experimental results of real-time data processing performance

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
输入变化
周期/min
传统方法
处理时间/s
改进的POPOA方法
处理时间/s
10 8.72 5.43
20 6.54 3.89
30 5.12 2.91
), ArticleFig(id=1172217940343656516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

实时数据处理性能试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
输入变化
周期/min
传统方法
处理时间/s
改进的POPOA方法
处理时间/s
10 8.72 5.43
20 6.54 3.89
30 5.12 2.91
), ArticleFig(id=1172217940423348293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Experimental results of real-time decision reaction time

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况变化频率/
(次·s-1)
传统方法
响应时间/s
改进的POPOA方法
响应时间/s
0.5 8.72 5.43
1 6.54 3.89
2 5.12 2.91
), ArticleFig(id=1172217940553371718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

实时决策反应时间试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况变化频率/
(次·s-1)
传统方法
响应时间/s
改进的POPOA方法
响应时间/s
0.5 8.72 5.43
1 6.54 3.89
2 5.12 2.91
), ArticleFig(id=1172217940695978055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Experimental results of real-time system load capacity

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
并发任务/个 传统方法
系统负载率/%
改进POPOA方法
系统负载率/%
10 8.72 5.43
20 6.54 3.89
30 5.12 2.91
), ArticleFig(id=1172217940792447048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1172169531284898161, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

实时系统负载能力试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
并发任务/个 传统方法
系统负载率/%
改进POPOA方法
系统负载率/%
10 8.72 5.43
20 6.54 3.89
30 5.12 2.91
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基于实时数据采集的湿法冶金设备操作量优化设定补偿方法研究
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湿法冶金 | 试验研究 2025,44(4): 561-566
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湿法冶金 | 试验研究 2025, 44(4): 561-566
基于实时数据采集的湿法冶金设备操作量优化设定补偿方法研究
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徐晓洁
作者信息
  • 新乡职业技术学院 计算机学院,河南 新乡 453000
  • 徐晓洁(1980—),女,硕士研究生,讲师,主要研究方向为计算机、数据分析。

Optimized Setting Compensation Method of Operating Amount of Hydrometallurgical Equipment Based on Real-Time Data Acquisition
Xiaojie XU
Affiliations
  • School of Computing,Xinxiang Vocational and Technical College,Xinxiang 453000,China
出版时间: 2025-08-20 doi: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.04.016
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为解决湿法冶金设备操作过程中参数优化的实时性与精准性难题,将改进的POPOA方法和改进的JITL在线学习方法相结合,提出了一种基于实时数据采集的操作量优化设定补偿方法。结果表明:与传统方法相比,改进JITL方法的重训练时间明显缩短,优化率明显提升,能耗显著降低;改进POPOA方法对实时数据的处理性能明显提升,处理时间较传统方法缩短约40%;改进POPOA方法在多任务并发运行时,系统负载率较传统方法显著降低。该方法能有效提升运行性能评估的准确性、系统的实时响应能力,以及模型的泛化能力,并降低能耗和运行成本,具有一定应用前景。

POPOA  /  设备操作量优化补偿  /  湿法冶金  /  JITL  /  数值仿真

In order to solve the problem of real-time and accurate parameter optimization in hydrometallurgical equipment operation,an optimization setting compensation method based on real-time data acquisition was proposed by combining the improved POPOA method and the improved JITL online learning method.The results show that compared with the traditional method,the retraining time of the modified JITL method is significantly reduced,the optimization rate is significantly increased,and the energy consumption is significantly reduced.The improved POPOA method significantly improves the performance of real-time data processing,and the processing time is about 40% shorter than that of the traditional method.The improved POPOA method reduces the load rate of the system significantly compared with the traditional method when the multi-task is running concurrently.This method can effectively improve the accuracy of operation performance evaluation,the real-time response ability of the system,and the generalization ability of the model,and reduce energy consumption and operation cost,so it has a certain application prospect.

POPOA  /  equipment operating capacity optimization compensation  /  hydrometallurgy  /  JITL  /  numerical simulation
徐晓洁. 基于实时数据采集的湿法冶金设备操作量优化设定补偿方法研究. 湿法冶金, 2025 , 44 (4) : 561 -566 . DOI: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.04.016
Xiaojie XU. Optimized Setting Compensation Method of Operating Amount of Hydrometallurgical Equipment Based on Real-Time Data Acquisition[J]. Hydrometallurgy of China, 2025 , 44 (4) : 561 -566 . DOI: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.04.016
采用实时数据采集和优化补偿方法,可有效提高湿法冶金设备运行效率,降低能耗,减少资源浪费,节约生产成本。该技术结合了工业4.0智能制造[1]的理念,可为湿法冶金过程的智能化管理提供技术支持,对于推动行业向绿色化[2]和智能化[3]方向发展具有重要作用。
目前有关湿法冶金设备操作量优化控制补偿方法的虽已有一些研究[4-6],但都存在实时性无法得到保障等问题。为解决湿法冶金设备操作过程中参数优化的实时性与精准性难题,提出了一种基于实时数据采集的操作量优化设定补偿方法,即将改进的POPOA(Pareto Optimal Process Operation Assessment)方法[7]和改进的JITL(Just-In-Time Learning)在线学习方法[8-10]相结合。采用改进的POPOA进行评估设备运行性能,采用改进的JITL进行动态优化操作参数设定。
以锌的硫酸盐湿法冶金工艺为例,其设备操作流程包括浸出、净化和电积3个主要步骤,各环节须精准控制工艺参数以实现高效运行和产品高质量产出。湿法冶金设备操作流程如图1所示。其中,设备的操作补偿对于稳定性和效率至关重要。由于工况波动和设备老化可能导致溶液浓度变化、温度异常或电流效率下降,通常需要实施动态优化和补偿策略。采用自动化控制系统调整浸出酸浓度、净化添加剂用量或电解槽电压,以维持工艺的最佳状态。
湿法冶金过程涉及复杂的化学反应和多种工艺参数,其动态性和非线性特征使得操作量优化需要基于当前设备状态进行实时调整。通过实时数据采集,可以全面获取设备运行状态、工艺条件和环境变量等关键信息,为优化模型提供最新的输入数据。
改进的POPOA方法能实现从静态到动态、从离线到实时、从单目标到多维综合分析的升级。其实时运行性能评价步骤如下:
第1步:构建多目标性能指标模型。由于传统POPOA对目标函数的建模过于静态,难以适应动态工况需求,引入动态多目标关联模型,实时捕捉操作参数与性能指标的非线性关系。
1)性能指标定义。定义三类关键性能指标:
资源利用效率:E(x),反映设备单位能耗或原料消耗量,计算公式为:
E ( x ) = v R
式中:v—生产速率,t/h;R—能耗或原料消耗量,t。
产品质量指标Q(x)可衡量目标产品(如金属纯度)的实时质量,通过质量检测设备获取。设备稳定性指标S(x)表示关键设备参数(如温度或振动)的波动范围,计算公式为:
S ( x ) = 1 - σ ( P ) L P
式中:P—关键设备参数;σ(P)—标准差,用于表征波动程度;LP—允许波动范围。
2)目标函数构建。综合以上指标,目标函数定义为:
F(x)={E(x),Q(x),S(x)}。
并通过动态权重wi(t)(由实时工况优先级确定)分配各指标的重要性。
第2步:实时Pareto前沿的动态重构。由于传统方法使用固定Pareto前沿,无法适应实时工况变化,本研究通过实时数据驱动和深度学习预测重构动态Pareto前沿。
1)实时数据采集与筛选。基于历史数据Dt={(sk,xk,Fk)|k=1,2,…,t},实时采集并筛选关键数据点。sk代表设备状态变量(如温度、压力等),xk代表控制变量(如搅拌速度、酸浓度等),Fk代表对应的多目标性能值。
2)深度学习预测模型。利用Transformer预测模型[11],基于最近n个时刻数据预测未来Pareto前沿形态:
Pt+1=fDL(Ptst)。
式中:Pt—当前时刻的Pareto前沿点集合;Δst—状态变量的变化量。
3)局部和全局优化结合。使用分区策略平衡局部快速响应与全局优化,优先调整短期关键性能指标。
第3步:实时运行性能评分与偏离度分析。传统POPOA无法量化当前状态偏离最优状态的程度,研究通过性能评分和偏离度分析定量评价运行状态。
1)性能评分指标。当前时刻性能评分P(t)定义为:
P ( t ) = 1 3 E t E ' + Q t Q ' + S t S '
式中:E'Q'S'—当前Pareto前沿上的最优值;EtQtSt—当前操作下的实际性能指标值。P(t)越接近1,表示当前操作越接近最优状态。
2)偏离度分析。偏离度D(t)量化当前状态与最优状态的差距:
D ( t ) = 1 - F t · F ' F t F '
式中:Ft—当前状态的性能指标向量;F'—最优Pareto前沿的对应性能向量。
第4步:异常检测与实时反馈机制。由于传统方法缺乏异常运行工况的动态响应能力,本研究增加实时异常检测模型与反馈调整机制。
1)异常检测模型。基于Autoencoder训练模型[12],检测实时运行性能的非线性异常点。当异常程度超过阈值δ时,触发报警:
δ A ( t ) = F t - F ^ t > δ ,
式中, F ^ t—模型预测的期望性能值。
2)反馈调整机制。当异常触发后,实时优化补偿公式为:
xt+1=xt+α·Δx
式中:α—学习率;Δx—优化方向。
改进POPOA模型的示意如图2所示。
本研究提出的改进JITL方法通过引入动态样本筛选、局部加权回归模型、实时目标函数优化及异常检测与补偿机制,有效提升了JITL方法在湿法冶金设备操作量优化设定中的实时性、适应性和鲁棒性。具体过程如下:
第1步:动态样本筛选与增量数据更新。传统JITL 通常依赖全局样本进行模型构建,导致实时性不足且对动态工况不敏感,本研究采用增量数据筛选机制,结合历史数据和实时数据动态更新训练样本集。
1)样本筛选规则。定义动态样本集:
Dt={(xi,yi)|d(st,si)<δ}。
式中:xi—历史控制变量向量(如搅拌速度、酸浓度等);yi—对应的性能指标向量(如效率、纯度等);st—当前状态变量(如温度、压力等);d(·,·)—欧氏距离或其他相似性度量函数;δ—设定的相似性阈值,控制样本选择范围。
2)增量数据更新。将最新采集数据(xi,yi)动态添加至样本集Dt,同时移除冗余样本,确保计算效率和时效性。
第2步:局部在线学习模型构建。由于传统 JITL 依赖全局模型训练,导致对局部工况的适应性较差,本研究采用局部加权回归(LWR)[13]增强在线模型的适应性。
1)加权回归模型。建立基于加权最小二乘法[14]的局部回归模型:
y ^ = W X
式中:X—样本输入矩阵(包含控制变量); y ^—样本输出矩阵(对应性能指标),W—加权矩阵,权值可以通过高斯核函数计算:
w i i = e x p - d ( s t , s i ) 2 2 σ 2
式中,σ—高斯核的带宽参数,控制局部学习范围。
2)局部适应性增强。权重wii高的样本对回归结果贡献更大,从而确保模型能优先适应当前工况下的局部特性。
第3步:动态目标函数优化。原始JITL的目标函数缺乏对非线性工况和时间敏感性的动态适应,研究设计实时目标函数,动态平衡多目标优化。
1)目标函数定义。结合实时性能指标,定义优化目标函数:
J ( x t ) = i = 1 3 w i ( t ) · f i ( x t )
式中:f1(xt)—资源利用效率(如能耗优化);f2(xt)—产品质量优化(如金属纯度);f3(xt)—设备稳定性(如温度波动最小化);wi(t)—动态权重,通过优先级调整实时计算。
2)非线性优化求解。使用基于梯度下降的优化算法,实时调整控制变量xt:
xt+1=xt-α·ΔJ(xt)。
式中:α—学习率,ΔJ(xt)—目标函数的梯度。
第4步:异常检测与补偿机制。传统JITL在工况异常时无法快速调整优化设定,可能导致性能恶化。研究引入异常检测模块,并通过快速反馈实现补偿。
1)异常检测模型。基于历史数据分布,定义异常检测规则:
Δ y t = y t - y ^ t > θ
式中:Δyt—当前预测值与实际值的偏差; y ^ t—模型预测值;θ—异常阈值。
2)快速补偿机制。当检测到异常时,触发反馈补偿,通过优化方向调整控制变量:
xt+1=xt+β·Δx
式中:β—补偿系数;Δx—基于历史相似样本计算的调整方向。
第5步:模型效率优化。原始 JITL 模型复杂性较高,难以满足实时性要求,研究通过参数降维与可解释性分析提升实用性。
1)模型参数降维。使用PCA(主成分分析)[15]降维历史数据,简化样本特征:
x'i=PxiD
式中:P—主成分矩阵;xi—降维后的控制变量。
2)可解释性分析。基于SHAP(Shapley Additive Explanations)分析各控制变量对优化结果的贡献,帮助操作人员理解模型决策依据。
改进的JITL的操作量优化设定补偿的原理如图3所示。
为了验证改进JITL方法在实时学习和调整中的适应能力和稳定性,在不断变化的输入参数和环境条件下,设计了实时动态环境适应性试验,结果见表1
表1看出:随着环境输入变化周期缩短,传统方法的平均误差明显增加,而改进 JITL方法能更好地适应动态环境变化,平均误差始终较低,且变化不大,特别是在输入变化周期为10 min时,改进方法比传统方法误差低37.7%,说明其在高频动态调整中的适应性更强。
为评估改进JITL方法在迁移学习中的训练效率和性能表现,将预训练模型应用于新的工况数据集中,设计了模型迁移与重训练性能试验,结果见表2
表2看出:在迁移至不同工况场景时,改进JITL方法重训练时间明显缩短,比传统方法缩短约39%。这表明改进方法在跨场景应用中的效率更高,尤其适合工业环境中对模型实时性和泛化能力要求较高的场景。
为了对比不同在线学习方法对关键性能指标(如生产效率或能耗)的优化效果,结合工业过程实际需求设计了决策优化效果试验,结果见表3
表3看出,改进的JITL方法在优化生产效率、降低能耗和减少故障率方面均优于传统方法:在生产效率提升方面,改进的JITL方法优化率较传统方法提升50.6%,在能耗降低方面提升55.2%;在故障降低方面提升47.3%。这进一步证明JITL方法在工业优化决策中的实际应用价值更高。
为了验证基于改进的POPOA方法在实时操作中的性能表现,在实际的工业生产环境中开展了试验研究。数据源主要来自某工厂中的多个实时传感器,这些传感器实时监测生产过程中的重要参数,如温度、压力、流量、振动等。数据采集系统支持高频率数据流传输,数据流速率从50条/s到200条/s不等,保证了数据的时效性和完整性。
1)实时数据处理性能试验。为了评估方法在处理高频率数据时的响应时间和处理能力,设计了基于改进 POPOA方法的实时数据流处理试验,结果见表4
表4看出:改进POPOA方法对实时数据的处理性能明显提升,处理时间较传统方法缩短约40%。随输入变化周期延长,改进POPOA方法仍能保持较短的处理延时,说明其在高频率数据流处理中具有高效性,能更好地适应实时应用场景。
2)实时决策反应时间试验。为了评估改进POPOA方法在快速响应和实时决策优化中的表现,设计了模拟实时工况变化场景试验,结果见表5
表5看出:在实时工况变化较快的场景下,改进的POPOA方法的响应时间明显优于传统方法,尤其在高频变化时,其响应时间缩短约40%。这表明改进方法能有效应对实时决策需求,提高动态环境下的决策效率和实时性。
3)实时系统负载能力试验。为评估改进的POPOA方法在高负载情况下的稳定性和性能模拟多任务并发运行场景,设计了实时系统负载能力试验,结果见表6
表6看出:改进POPOA方法在多任务并发运行时,系统负载率较传统方法显著降低,尤其在并发任务较多的情况下,改进POPOA方法的负载平衡能力更强,有效降低了系统压力,保持了较高的处理效率。
提出了一种基于实时数据采集的操作量优化设定补偿方法,结合了改进的POPOA和改进的JITL在线学习方法,以解决湿法冶金设备操作过程中的实时性与精准性问题。与传统方法相比,该方法能显著提升运行性能评估的准确性、系统的实时响应能力及模型的泛化能力,具有一定的应用前景。但该法在模型复杂性和计算开销方面仍存在优化空间,且在极端工况下的性能表现有待进一步验证。
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2025年第44卷第4期
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doi: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.04.016
  • 接收时间:2024-11-22
  • 首发时间:2025-09-09
  • 出版时间:2025-08-20
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-22
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    新乡职业技术学院 计算机学院,河南 新乡 453000
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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