Article(id=1160644752195015560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, issueId=1148109990923072455, articleNumber=1009-2617(2025)02-0271-09, orderNo=null, doi=10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.02.017, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1724774400000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1754648872659, onlineDateStr=2025-08-08, pubDate=1745769600000, pubDateStr=2025-04-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1754648872659, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-08-08, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1754648872659, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1754648872659, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1148109990923072455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, year='2025', volume='44', issue='2', pageStart='133', pageEnd='279', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1751660352687, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1758246043500, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1175732380301148501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, issueId=1148109990923072455, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1175732380301148502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, issueId=1148109990923072455, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=271, endPage=279, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1160644752375370635, articleId=1160644752195015560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, language=EN, title=Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Coal and Fly Ash by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry with High-temperature and High-pressure Microwave Digestion, columnId=1152626775315067837, journalTitle=Hydrometallurgy of China, columnName=Analysis, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Aiming at the problems of low pre-treatment efficiency and significant mass spectrometry interference in the determination of rare earth elements in coal-related samples, a method for the determination of rare earth elements in coal and fly ash samples by high-temperature and high-pressure microwave digestion-ICP-MS in a mixed acid system of HNO3-HF-HClO4-H2SO4 was established. The effects of pre-treatment methods, sample weight, digestion system and mass spectrometry interference on the determination results were investigated. The results show that the linear correlation coefficients of the calibration curves are all greater than 0.999 6, the detection limits are 0.003 7~0.042 μg/g, the relative standard deviations (RSD, n=11) of the determination results of each element are all within 5.85%, the recoveries of standard addition are 95.0%~107.2%, and the relative errors are all less than 6.95%. The method has high accuracy and good stability, which greatly improves the determination efficiency.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Kaixi SUN, Xiaojing LI, Congling YU, Juanjuan SONG, Lu LIU, Zeyu WANG, Zhuo RAN, Yue LIU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1160644761451844493, articleId=1160644752195015560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, language=CN, title=高温高压微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定煤及粉煤灰中稀土元素, columnId=1153757614107255582, journalTitle=湿法冶金, columnName=分析测试, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=针对现有煤系样品中稀土元素的测定存在前处理效率低、质谱干扰较大等问题,建立了一种在HNO3-HF-HClO4-H2SO4混酸体系中采用高温高压微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定煤及粉煤灰样品中稀土元素的方法,并考察了前处理方式、称样量、消解体系、质谱干扰等对测定结果的影响。结果表明:方法校准曲线线性相关系数均大于0.999 6,检出限为0.003 7~0.042 μg/g,各元素测定值的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)均在5.85%以内,加标回收率为95.0%~107.2%,相对误差均小于6.95%。该方法准确性高,稳定性好,可极大提高工作效率。, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
李晓敬(1986—),女,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为地质试验测试。E-mail:
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孙凯茜(1995—),女,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为地质试验测试。

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孙凯茜(1995—),女,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为地质试验测试。

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孙凯茜(1995—),女,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为地质试验测试。

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Coal Quality Technology, 2017(2):18-20., articleTitle=Determination of arsenic and phosphorus in coal by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with microwave digestion, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1174443608917815483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, awardId=2341ZF165, language=CN, fundingSource=保定市科技计划项目(2341ZF165), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1174443604383772769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1174443604392161378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, companyId=1174443604383772769, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Hebei Research Center for Geoanalysis, Baoding 071051, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1174443604396355683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, companyId=1174443604383772769, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 河北省地质实验测试中心, 河北 保定 071051)]), AuthorCompany(id=1174443604459270244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1174443604463464549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, companyId=1174443604459270244, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Key laboratory of Mineral Resources and Ecological Environment Monitoring of Hebei Province, Baoding 071051, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1174443604471853158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, companyId=1174443604459270244, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 河北省矿产资源与生态环境监测重点实验室, 河北 保定 071051)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1174443607114264739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Working parameters of ICP-MS

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工作参数 设定值 工作参数 设定值
RF功率/W 1 550 碰撞气流量/
(mL·min-1)
4~5
采样深度/mm 10 积分时间/s 0.1~0.3
样品提升速度/
(r·s-1)
0.3 雾化气流量/
(L·min-1)
0.95
稀释气流量/
(L·min-1)
0.15 氧化物产率
(156/140)/%
0.25
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607164596388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

ICP-MS工作参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工作参数 设定值 工作参数 设定值
RF功率/W 1 550 碰撞气流量/
(mL·min-1)
4~5
采样深度/mm 10 积分时间/s 0.1~0.3
样品提升速度/
(r·s-1)
0.3 雾化气流量/
(L·min-1)
0.95
稀释气流量/
(L·min-1)
0.15 氧化物产率
(156/140)/%
0.25
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607219122341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Working procedure of high temperature and high pressure microwave digestion

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
升温程序 升温时间/min 温度/℃ 保温时间/min 功率/W
1 25 150 10 1 400
2 25 200 10 1 500
3 25 230 40 1 700
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607273648294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

高温高压微波消解工作程序

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
升温程序 升温时间/min 温度/℃ 保温时间/min 功率/W
1 25 150 10 1 400
2 25 200 10 1 500
3 25 230 40 1 700
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607328174247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Working procedure of general microwave digestion

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
升温程序 升温时间/min 温度/℃ 保温时间/min 功率/W
1 25 120 10 600
2 25 150 10 900
3 25 200 40 1 100
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607412060328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

普通微波消解工作程序

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
升温程序 升温时间/min 温度/℃ 保温时间/min 功率/W
1 25 120 10 600
2 25 150 10 900
3 25 200 40 1 100
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607483363497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Comparison of digestion effects of two digestion methods

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方法 GBW11102 NIST SRM 1633c
方法一 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明
方法二 可完全消解,澄清透明 无法完全消解,溶液中
有微量残留物
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607529500842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2种消解方法的消解效果对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方法 GBW11102 NIST SRM 1633c
方法一 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明
方法二 可完全消解,澄清透明 无法完全消解,溶液中
有微量残留物
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607592415403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Spiked tests results of GBW11102 standard substance using different digestion methods

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 加标量/
(μg·g-1)
方法一 方法二
测定均值/
(μg·g-1)
RSD/% 加标后测定值/
(μg·g-1)
加标回
收率/%
测定均值/
(μg·g-1)
RSD/% 加标后测定值/
(μg·g-1)
加标回
收率/%
Sc 4.00 3.95 1.05 7.98 100.8 3.86 2.35 7.74 97.0
Y 10.0 10.9 0.67 21.1 102.0 10.8 1.08 20.7 99.0
La 20.0 16.3 0.89 35.8 97.5 15.3 1.35 34.6 96.5
Ce 20.0 30.3 0.96 49.9 98.0 29.0 2.05 48.4 97.0
Pr 4.00 3.00 2.72 6.90 97.5 3.02 1.88 6.91 97.3
Nd 20.0 10.2 3.88 29.8 98.0 10.0 1.60 30.3 101.5
Sm 2.00 2.07 1.40 4.02 97.5 1.92 0.98 3.84 96.0
Eu 0.50 0.37 1.67 0.85 96.0 0.35 3.48 0.83 96.0
Gd 2.00 1.96 1.00 3.91 97.5 1.90 2.55 3.86 98.0
Tb 0.50 0.31 1.95 0.79 96.0 0.33 3.06 0.81 96.0
Dy 2.00 1.91 0.84 3.84 96.5 1.83 2.84 3.75 96.0
Ho 0.50 0.39 1.66 0.87 96.0 0.40 4.36 0.88 96.0
Er 2.00 1.17 0.76 3.17 100.0 1.13 3.00 3.04 95.5
Tm 0.20 0.18 3.99 0.38 100.0 0.18 3.05 0.37 95.0
Yb 2.00 1.18 1.10 3.10 96.0 1.09 1.28 2.99 95.0
Lu 0.20 0.19 2.46 0.38 95.0 0.20 3.67 0.39 95.0
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607651135660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同消解方法对GBW11102标准物质的加标试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 加标量/
(μg·g-1)
方法一 方法二
测定均值/
(μg·g-1)
RSD/% 加标后测定值/
(μg·g-1)
加标回
收率/%
测定均值/
(μg·g-1)
RSD/% 加标后测定值/
(μg·g-1)
加标回
收率/%
Sc 4.00 3.95 1.05 7.98 100.8 3.86 2.35 7.74 97.0
Y 10.0 10.9 0.67 21.1 102.0 10.8 1.08 20.7 99.0
La 20.0 16.3 0.89 35.8 97.5 15.3 1.35 34.6 96.5
Ce 20.0 30.3 0.96 49.9 98.0 29.0 2.05 48.4 97.0
Pr 4.00 3.00 2.72 6.90 97.5 3.02 1.88 6.91 97.3
Nd 20.0 10.2 3.88 29.8 98.0 10.0 1.60 30.3 101.5
Sm 2.00 2.07 1.40 4.02 97.5 1.92 0.98 3.84 96.0
Eu 0.50 0.37 1.67 0.85 96.0 0.35 3.48 0.83 96.0
Gd 2.00 1.96 1.00 3.91 97.5 1.90 2.55 3.86 98.0
Tb 0.50 0.31 1.95 0.79 96.0 0.33 3.06 0.81 96.0
Dy 2.00 1.91 0.84 3.84 96.5 1.83 2.84 3.75 96.0
Ho 0.50 0.39 1.66 0.87 96.0 0.40 4.36 0.88 96.0
Er 2.00 1.17 0.76 3.17 100.0 1.13 3.00 3.04 95.5
Tm 0.20 0.18 3.99 0.38 100.0 0.18 3.05 0.37 95.0
Yb 2.00 1.18 1.10 3.10 96.0 1.09 1.28 2.99 95.0
Lu 0.20 0.19 2.46 0.38 95.0 0.20 3.67 0.39 95.0
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607714050221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Digestion results of NIST SRM 1633c samples using different digestion methods

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 标准值/(μg·g-1) 方法一 方法二
测定值/(μg·g-1) 相对误差/% 测定值/(μg·g-1) 相对误差/%
Sc 37.6±0.6 36.1 -3.99 27.4 -27.1
La 87.0±2.6 84.7 -2.64 70.5 -19.0
Ce 180 172.0 -4.44 137.0 -23.9
Nd 87 83.3 -4.25 66.1 -24.0
Sm 19 18.5 -2.63 13.7 -27.9
Eu 4.67±0.07 4.78 2.36 4.17 -10.7
Tb 3.12±0.06 3.19 2.24 2.45 -21.5
Dy 18.70±0.30 17.8 -4.81 14.2 -24.1
Yb 7.7 7.38 -4.16 6.08 -21.0
Lu 1.32±0.03 1.36 3.03 1.12 -15.2
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607772770478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

不同消解方法对NIST SRM 1633c样品的消解结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 标准值/(μg·g-1) 方法一 方法二
测定值/(μg·g-1) 相对误差/% 测定值/(μg·g-1) 相对误差/%
Sc 37.6±0.6 36.1 -3.99 27.4 -27.1
La 87.0±2.6 84.7 -2.64 70.5 -19.0
Ce 180 172.0 -4.44 137.0 -23.9
Nd 87 83.3 -4.25 66.1 -24.0
Sm 19 18.5 -2.63 13.7 -27.9
Eu 4.67±0.07 4.78 2.36 4.17 -10.7
Tb 3.12±0.06 3.19 2.24 2.45 -21.5
Dy 18.70±0.30 17.8 -4.81 14.2 -24.1
Yb 7.7 7.38 -4.16 6.08 -21.0
Lu 1.32±0.03 1.36 3.03 1.12 -15.2
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607865045167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Comparison of digestion effects with different sample weights

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 称样量/g
0.2 0.1 0.05 0.03
GBW11140 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明
GBW11102 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明
M1 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明
GBW11127 无法完全消解,溶液中
有微量残留物
无法完全消解,溶液中
有微量残留物
可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明
GBW08401 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607923765424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

不同称样量的消解效果对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品 称样量/g
0.2 0.1 0.05 0.03
GBW11140 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明
GBW11102 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明
M1 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明
GBW11127 无法完全消解,溶液中
有微量残留物
无法完全消解,溶液中
有微量残留物
可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明
GBW08401 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明 可完全消解,澄清透明
), ArticleFig(id=1174443607969902769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

Effects of internal standard correction on recovery rates of various elements

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 回收率/% 元素 回收率/%
Rh校正 Re校正 Rh校正 Re校正
45Sc 95.8 133.9 157Gd 139.2 109.9
89Y 93.7 126.4 159Tb 125.7 104.8
139La 104.8 131.0 163Dy 118.5 98.8
140Ce 102.6 124.2 165Ho 133.8 102.6
141Pr 107.4 127.7 166Er 135.1 104.7
146Nd 135.6 92.3 169Tm 129.6 91.4
147Sm 124.9 98.7 172Yb 123.9 96.3
153Eu 142.3 100.5 175Lu 128.1 94.7
), ArticleFig(id=1174443608032817330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

内标校正对各元素回收率的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 回收率/% 元素 回收率/%
Rh校正 Re校正 Rh校正 Re校正
45Sc 95.8 133.9 157Gd 139.2 109.9
89Y 93.7 126.4 159Tb 125.7 104.8
139La 104.8 131.0 163Dy 118.5 98.8
140Ce 102.6 124.2 165Ho 133.8 102.6
141Pr 107.4 127.7 166Er 135.1 104.7
146Nd 135.6 92.3 169Tm 129.6 91.4
147Sm 124.9 98.7 172Yb 123.9 96.3
153Eu 142.3 100.5 175Lu 128.1 94.7
), ArticleFig(id=1174443608095731891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=EN, label=Table 9, caption=

Results of interference correction test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
干扰
元素
干扰元素质量浓度/
(μg·L-1)
待测定
同位素
干扰元素在待测同位素处的
贡献值/(μg·L-1)
干扰系数 干扰系数平均值 干扰校正方程
Ba 1 000 153Eu 0.049 0.000 05 0.000 06 ρ(153Eu)= ρ(153Eu)-
0.000 06ρ(137Ba)
5 000 0.31 0.000 06
10 000 0.66 0.000 07
Pr 50 157Gd 0.37 0.007 0.007 ρ(157Gd)= ρ(157Gd)-
0.007ρ(141Pr)-0.006ρ(140Ce)
100 0.58 0.006
500 4.13 0.008
Ce 500 157Gd 2.85 0.006 0.006
1 000 7.11 0.007
2 000 12.6 0.006
Nd 200 159Tb 0.14 0.000 7 0.000 6 ρ(159Tb)= ρ(159Tb)-
0.000 6ρ(143Nd)
1 000 0.62 0.000 6
2 000 1.15 0.000 6
Eu 5 169Tm 0.000 5 0.000 1 0.000 1 ρ(169Tm)= ρ(169Tm)-
0.000 1ρ(153Eu)
10 0.001 2 0.000 1
20 0.001 9 0.000 1
), ArticleFig(id=1174443608171229364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=CN, label=表9, caption=

干扰校正试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
干扰
元素
干扰元素质量浓度/
(μg·L-1)
待测定
同位素
干扰元素在待测同位素处的
贡献值/(μg·L-1)
干扰系数 干扰系数平均值 干扰校正方程
Ba 1 000 153Eu 0.049 0.000 05 0.000 06 ρ(153Eu)= ρ(153Eu)-
0.000 06ρ(137Ba)
5 000 0.31 0.000 06
10 000 0.66 0.000 07
Pr 50 157Gd 0.37 0.007 0.007 ρ(157Gd)= ρ(157Gd)-
0.007ρ(141Pr)-0.006ρ(140Ce)
100 0.58 0.006
500 4.13 0.008
Ce 500 157Gd 2.85 0.006 0.006
1 000 7.11 0.007
2 000 12.6 0.006
Nd 200 159Tb 0.14 0.000 7 0.000 6 ρ(159Tb)= ρ(159Tb)-
0.000 6ρ(143Nd)
1 000 0.62 0.000 6
2 000 1.15 0.000 6
Eu 5 169Tm 0.000 5 0.000 1 0.000 1 ρ(169Tm)= ρ(169Tm)-
0.000 1ρ(153Eu)
10 0.001 2 0.000 1
20 0.001 9 0.000 1
), ArticleFig(id=1174443608313835701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=EN, label=Table 10, caption=

Calibration curve and method detection limit

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 线性范围/(μg·L-1) 校准曲线 相关系数 检出限/(μg·g-1)
Sc 0.20~100 y=2.032×10-2x+4.082×10-4 0.999 7 0.016
Y 0.20~500 y=1.138×10-1x+3.804×10-4 0.999 6 0.024
La 0.20~500 y=1.658×10-2x+1.340×10-4 0.999 8 0.020
Ce 0.20~500 y=1.325×10-2x+2.092×10-4 1.000 0 0.042
Pr 0.20~100 y=1.327×10-2x+1.548×10-5 0.999 9 0.003 7
Nd 0.20~500 y=5.986×10-3x+2.409×10-5 1.000 0 0.018
Sm 0.20~100 y=4.936×10-3x+6.603×10-6 0.999 8 0.005 4
Eu 0.20~100 y=1.484×10-2x+7.075×10-6 0.999 8 0.008 2
Gd 0.20~100 y=6.442×10-3x+3.668×10-6 0.999 9 0.007 5
Tb 0.20~100 y=4.013×10-2x+1.834×10-5 1.000 0 0.005 4
Dy 0.20~100 y=8.904×10-3x+8.623×10-6 1.000 0 0.005 5
Ho 0.20~100 y=3.463×10-2x+1.092×10-5 0.999 7 0.006 6
Er 0.20~100 y=1.452×10-2x+5.064×10-6 0.999 9 0.005 3
Tm 0.20~100 y=4.231×10-2x+4.078×10-6 0.999 7 0.006 8
Yb 0.20~100 y=8.862×10-3x+4.807×10-6 1.000 0 0.005 0
Lu 0.20~100 y=2.503×10-2x+4.162×10-6 0.999 8 0.006 3
), ArticleFig(id=1174443608397721782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=CN, label=表10, caption=

校准曲线与方法的检出限

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 线性范围/(μg·L-1) 校准曲线 相关系数 检出限/(μg·g-1)
Sc 0.20~100 y=2.032×10-2x+4.082×10-4 0.999 7 0.016
Y 0.20~500 y=1.138×10-1x+3.804×10-4 0.999 6 0.024
La 0.20~500 y=1.658×10-2x+1.340×10-4 0.999 8 0.020
Ce 0.20~500 y=1.325×10-2x+2.092×10-4 1.000 0 0.042
Pr 0.20~100 y=1.327×10-2x+1.548×10-5 0.999 9 0.003 7
Nd 0.20~500 y=5.986×10-3x+2.409×10-5 1.000 0 0.018
Sm 0.20~100 y=4.936×10-3x+6.603×10-6 0.999 8 0.005 4
Eu 0.20~100 y=1.484×10-2x+7.075×10-6 0.999 8 0.008 2
Gd 0.20~100 y=6.442×10-3x+3.668×10-6 0.999 9 0.007 5
Tb 0.20~100 y=4.013×10-2x+1.834×10-5 1.000 0 0.005 4
Dy 0.20~100 y=8.904×10-3x+8.623×10-6 1.000 0 0.005 5
Ho 0.20~100 y=3.463×10-2x+1.092×10-5 0.999 7 0.006 6
Er 0.20~100 y=1.452×10-2x+5.064×10-6 0.999 9 0.005 3
Tm 0.20~100 y=4.231×10-2x+4.078×10-6 0.999 7 0.006 8
Yb 0.20~100 y=8.862×10-3x+4.807×10-6 1.000 0 0.005 0
Lu 0.20~100 y=2.503×10-2x+4.162×10-6 0.999 8 0.006 3
), ArticleFig(id=1174443608565493943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=EN, label=Table 11, caption=

Determination results of national standard substances

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 GBW11102 GBW11127
平均值/
(μg·g-1)
RSD/% 加标量/
(μg·g-1)
加标后测定值/
(μg·g-1)
加标回
收率/%
平均值/
(μg·g-1)
RSD/% 加标量/
(μg·g-1)
加标后测定值/
(μg·g-1)
加标回
收率/%
Sc 3.62 3.47 7.00 10.5 98.3 24.7 2.23 20.0 44.0 96.5
Y 10.0 1.84 7.00 16.8 97.1 63.4 1.57 50.0 117 107.2
La 14.5 2.25 10.0 24.2 97.0 89.8 1.96 50.0 141 102.4
Ce 28.7 4.28 20.0 48.6 99.5 188 2.69 100 286 98.0
Pr 2.82 2.69 5.00 7.94 102.4 18.7 4.73 20.0 38.5 99.0
Nd 9.52 5.40 10.0 19.3 97.8 61.2 3.20 50.0 113 103.6
Sm 1.87 4.10 2.00 3.82 97.5 12.2 3.21 20.0 31.6 97.0
Eu 0.35 5.32 0.50 0.83 96.0 2.29 4.05 2.00 4.22 96.5
Gd 1.89 1.11 2.00 4.00 105.5 12.3 2.47 20.0 32.1 99.0
Tb 0.33 4.20 0.50 0.81 96.0 1.99 2.90 2.00 3.94 97.5
Dy 1.83 2.08 2.00 3.77 97.0 12.1 2.56 20.0 31.3 96.0
Ho 0.43 3.12 0.50 0.92 98.0 2.41 4.85 2.00 4.32 95.5
Er 1.15 2.55 2.00 3.20 102.5 7.18 3.74 10.0 16.8 96.2
Tm 0.19 4.68 0.20 0.38 95.0 0.98 4.16 1.0 1.95 97.0
Yb 1.25 3.25 2.00 3.16 95.5 6.42 2.07 10.0 16.0 95.8
Lu 0.17 5.25 0.20 0.36 95.0 0.90 5.85 1.00 1.86 96.0
), ArticleFig(id=1174443608640991416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=CN, label=表11, caption=

国家标准物质的测定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素 GBW11102 GBW11127
平均值/
(μg·g-1)
RSD/% 加标量/
(μg·g-1)
加标后测定值/
(μg·g-1)
加标回
收率/%
平均值/
(μg·g-1)
RSD/% 加标量/
(μg·g-1)
加标后测定值/
(μg·g-1)
加标回
收率/%
Sc 3.62 3.47 7.00 10.5 98.3 24.7 2.23 20.0 44.0 96.5
Y 10.0 1.84 7.00 16.8 97.1 63.4 1.57 50.0 117 107.2
La 14.5 2.25 10.0 24.2 97.0 89.8 1.96 50.0 141 102.4
Ce 28.7 4.28 20.0 48.6 99.5 188 2.69 100 286 98.0
Pr 2.82 2.69 5.00 7.94 102.4 18.7 4.73 20.0 38.5 99.0
Nd 9.52 5.40 10.0 19.3 97.8 61.2 3.20 50.0 113 103.6
Sm 1.87 4.10 2.00 3.82 97.5 12.2 3.21 20.0 31.6 97.0
Eu 0.35 5.32 0.50 0.83 96.0 2.29 4.05 2.00 4.22 96.5
Gd 1.89 1.11 2.00 4.00 105.5 12.3 2.47 20.0 32.1 99.0
Tb 0.33 4.20 0.50 0.81 96.0 1.99 2.90 2.00 3.94 97.5
Dy 1.83 2.08 2.00 3.77 97.0 12.1 2.56 20.0 31.3 96.0
Ho 0.43 3.12 0.50 0.92 98.0 2.41 4.85 2.00 4.32 95.5
Er 1.15 2.55 2.00 3.20 102.5 7.18 3.74 10.0 16.8 96.2
Tm 0.19 4.68 0.20 0.38 95.0 0.98 4.16 1.0 1.95 97.0
Yb 1.25 3.25 2.00 3.16 95.5 6.42 2.07 10.0 16.0 95.8
Lu 0.17 5.25 0.20 0.36 95.0 0.90 5.85 1.00 1.86 96.0
), ArticleFig(id=1174443608708100281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=EN, label=Table 12, caption=

Determination results of standard samples

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元素 NIST SRM 1633c SRM 1635a
标准值/
(μg·g-1)
测定值/
(μg·g-1)
相对误差/% RSD/% 标准值/
(μg·g-1)
测定值/
(μg·g-1)
相对误差/% RSD/%
Sc 37.6±0.6 35.8 -4.79 3.66 1.240±0.017 1.20 -3.23 4.05
La 87.0±2.6 85.2 -2.07 3.23 空白 2.75 空白 2.04
Ce 180 184 2.22 0.98 5.45±0.10 5.57 2.20 1.20
Nd 87 85.0 -2.30 2.32 空白 2.30 空白 3.00
Sm 19 19.9 4.74 1.23 0.483±0.017 0.48 -0.62 3.03
Eu 4.67±0.07 4.87 4.28 2.09 0.111 5±0.002 1 0.11 -1.35 1.87
Tb 3.12±0.06 3.05 -2.24 3.01 空白 0.08 空白 3.54
Dy 18.70±0.30 17.4 -6.95 1.98 空白 0.45 空白 2.11
Yb 7.7 7.43 -3.51 3.05 空白 0.28 空白 2.89
Lu 1.32±0.03 1.39 5.30 2.58 空白 0.05 空白 3.78
), ArticleFig(id=1174443608783597754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1160644752195015560, language=CN, label=表12, caption=

标准样品的测定结果

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元素 NIST SRM 1633c SRM 1635a
标准值/
(μg·g-1)
测定值/
(μg·g-1)
相对误差/% RSD/% 标准值/
(μg·g-1)
测定值/
(μg·g-1)
相对误差/% RSD/%
Sc 37.6±0.6 35.8 -4.79 3.66 1.240±0.017 1.20 -3.23 4.05
La 87.0±2.6 85.2 -2.07 3.23 空白 2.75 空白 2.04
Ce 180 184 2.22 0.98 5.45±0.10 5.57 2.20 1.20
Nd 87 85.0 -2.30 2.32 空白 2.30 空白 3.00
Sm 19 19.9 4.74 1.23 0.483±0.017 0.48 -0.62 3.03
Eu 4.67±0.07 4.87 4.28 2.09 0.111 5±0.002 1 0.11 -1.35 1.87
Tb 3.12±0.06 3.05 -2.24 3.01 空白 0.08 空白 3.54
Dy 18.70±0.30 17.4 -6.95 1.98 空白 0.45 空白 2.11
Yb 7.7 7.43 -3.51 3.05 空白 0.28 空白 2.89
Lu 1.32±0.03 1.39 5.30 2.58 空白 0.05 空白 3.78
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高温高压微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定煤及粉煤灰中稀土元素
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孙凯茜 1, 2 , 李晓敬 1, 2 , 于聪灵 1, 2 , 宋娟娟 1, 2 , 刘璐 1, 2 , 王泽宇 1, 2 , 冉卓 1, 2 , 刘玥 1, 2
湿法冶金 | 分析测试 2025,44(2): 271-279
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湿法冶金 | 分析测试 2025, 44(2): 271-279
高温高压微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定煤及粉煤灰中稀土元素
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孙凯茜1, 2, 李晓敬1, 2 , 于聪灵1, 2, 宋娟娟1, 2, 刘璐1, 2, 王泽宇1, 2, 冉卓1, 2, 刘玥1, 2
作者信息
  • 1 河北省地质实验测试中心, 河北 保定 071051
  • 2 河北省矿产资源与生态环境监测重点实验室, 河北 保定 071051
  • 孙凯茜(1995—),女,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为地质试验测试。

通讯作者:

李晓敬(1986—),女,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为地质试验测试。E-mail:
Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Coal and Fly Ash by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry with High-temperature and High-pressure Microwave Digestion
Kaixi SUN1, 2, Xiaojing LI1, 2 , Congling YU1, 2, Juanjuan SONG1, 2, Lu LIU1, 2, Zeyu WANG1, 2, Zhuo RAN1, 2, Yue LIU1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1 Hebei Research Center for Geoanalysis, Baoding 071051, China
  • 2 Key laboratory of Mineral Resources and Ecological Environment Monitoring of Hebei Province, Baoding 071051, China
出版时间: 2025-04-28 doi: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.02.017
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针对现有煤系样品中稀土元素的测定存在前处理效率低、质谱干扰较大等问题,建立了一种在HNO3-HF-HClO4-H2SO4混酸体系中采用高温高压微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定煤及粉煤灰样品中稀土元素的方法,并考察了前处理方式、称样量、消解体系、质谱干扰等对测定结果的影响。结果表明:方法校准曲线线性相关系数均大于0.999 6,检出限为0.003 7~0.042 μg/g,各元素测定值的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)均在5.85%以内,加标回收率为95.0%~107.2%,相对误差均小于6.95%。该方法准确性高,稳定性好,可极大提高工作效率。
高温高压微波消解  /  电感耦合等离子体质谱法  /  煤  /  粉煤灰  /  稀土元素  /  测定

Aiming at the problems of low pre-treatment efficiency and significant mass spectrometry interference in the determination of rare earth elements in coal-related samples, a method for the determination of rare earth elements in coal and fly ash samples by high-temperature and high-pressure microwave digestion-ICP-MS in a mixed acid system of HNO3-HF-HClO4-H2SO4 was established. The effects of pre-treatment methods, sample weight, digestion system and mass spectrometry interference on the determination results were investigated. The results show that the linear correlation coefficients of the calibration curves are all greater than 0.999 6, the detection limits are 0.003 7~0.042 μg/g, the relative standard deviations (RSD, n=11) of the determination results of each element are all within 5.85%, the recoveries of standard addition are 95.0%~107.2%, and the relative errors are all less than 6.95%. The method has high accuracy and good stability, which greatly improves the determination efficiency.

high-temperature and high-pressure microwave digestion  /  inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry  /  coal  /  fly ash  /  rare earth element  /  determination
孙凯茜, 李晓敬, 于聪灵, 宋娟娟, 刘璐, 王泽宇, 冉卓, 刘玥. 高温高压微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定煤及粉煤灰中稀土元素. 湿法冶金, 2025 , 44 (2) : 271 -279 . DOI: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.02.017
Kaixi SUN, Xiaojing LI, Congling YU, Juanjuan SONG, Lu LIU, Zeyu WANG, Zhuo RAN, Yue LIU. Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Coal and Fly Ash by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry with High-temperature and High-pressure Microwave Digestion[J]. Hydrometallurgy of China, 2025 , 44 (2) : 271 -279 . DOI: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.02.017
随着国内稀土资源日益紧缺[1-2],煤和粉煤灰因含有稀土元素逐渐成为潜在的资源,越来越受到关注[3-4]。准确测定其中稀土含量,对于稀土矿的探寻和煤系战略性金属矿产的开发至关重要。因此,亟需建立一套快捷、高效的适用于煤及粉煤灰中稀土元素的测定方法。
目前,测定稀土元素的方法主要有火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)[5]、中子活化分析(INAA)[6]、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)[7]和电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)[8]。其中,ICP-MS因其线性范围宽、检出限低、灵敏度高等优势,成为了测定稀土元素的优选方法。
煤及粉煤灰化学成分复杂,样品分解是稀土元素测定的难点。目前所采用的前处理方法主要有碱熔法[9]、敞开酸溶法[10-11]、高压密闭消解法[12-13]和微波消解法[14-15],这些方法均存在一定局限,如操作复杂、元素损失、检测周期长等。其中,微波消解技术因环境密闭、外源性污染少而备受关注,但煤及粉煤灰成分复杂,不同成分对微波的吸收存在差异,可能导致在微波消解过程中存在消解不均的情况。相较于这种普通微波消解,高温高压微波消解因温度更高、压力更大,对难溶样品具有更佳的消解效果。目前利用高温高压微波消解煤及粉煤灰,再测定其中稀土元素鲜见报道。因此,通过试验对比研究了普通和高温高压2种微波消解方式的效果,并确定在HNO3-HF-HClO4-H2SO4混酸体系下,采用高温高压微波消解煤及粉煤灰样品,再采用ICP-MS测定其中Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu等16种稀土元素含量,以期解决高碳含量样品和粉煤灰样品不易分解完全的问题,并克服繁琐耗时、易污染损失的缺陷,从而为该类资源中稀土元素的测定提供一种操作简单、省时、工作效率高且能实现大批量样品测定的方法。
电感耦合等离子体质谱仪:7700X型,美国安捷伦科技公司,工作条件见表1
微波消解仪:Mars-6型,美国CEM公司,工作程序见表23(高温高压微波消解仪与普通微波消解仪型号相同,消解罐不同)。
16种稀土元素(Sc、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Y)混合标准储备液,1 000 mg/L,介质为5%HNO3,国家有色金属及电子材料分析测试中心;Rh、Re单元素标准储备液,1 000 mg/L,介质为5%HNO3,国家有色金属及电子材料分析测试中心;Rh、Re内标混合溶液,各1.00 mg/L的混合溶液,介质为2%HNO3
煤样品国家标准物质:GBW11140、GBW11102,国家煤炭质量监督检验中心。粉煤灰国家标准物质:GBW11127,国家煤炭质量监督检验中心;GBW08401,中国科学院生态环境研究中心。粉煤灰标准样品:NIST SRM 1633c,美国国家标准与技术研究院。煤标准样品:SRM 1635a,美国国家标准与技术研究院。
硝酸、硫酸、氢氟酸、高氯酸,均为优级纯,天津科密欧化学试剂有限公司;试验用水为新制备的超纯水,电阻率达18.25 MΩ·cm,氩气纯度大于99.99%。
调谐液:含Li、Y、Co、Ce、Tl混合溶液,1 μg/L,5%HNO3介质,美国安捷伦科技公司。
准确称取待测样品0.05 g(精确至0.000 1 g)置于聚四氟乙烯材质高温高压微波消解罐内,润湿,加入硝酸3.0 mL、氢氟酸1.5 mL、高氯酸1.5 mL,硫酸3.0 mL,充分混匀。组装好微波消解内外罐,置于微波消解仪中,按表2消解程序消解。消解完毕后置于电热板上加热至180 ℃,直至高氯酸冒白烟,再升温至220 ℃,待硫酸白烟冒尽,再加入5 mL王水(1+1)浸出5 min,冷却,随后转移至50 mL容量瓶中,定容,摇匀,待测定。同时进行空白样品测定试验。采用在线加入方式由三通管引入Rh、Re内标混合溶液进行测定,其中,Rh校正Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr;Re校正Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu。
煤样品中含有大量碳、氧、氮、硫等杂环类有机物,粉煤灰中含有大量未燃炭、铝硅酸盐玻璃体、莫来石、石英等多种有机和无机组分,在高温下形成的晶体结构较为稳定,难以通过常规的化学方法完全消解。以煤样品国家标准物质GBW11102和粉煤灰标准样品NIST SRM 1633c为研究对象,分别采用高温高压微波消解法(方法一)、普通微波消解法(方法二)对试验样品进行前处理,对比2种方法的消解效果,结果见表4。2种方法的前处理步骤如下:
方法一:同1.3节。
方法二:准确称取待测样品0.05 g(精确至0.000 1 g)置于聚四氟乙烯材质普通微波消解罐内,加入硝酸3.0 mL、氢氟酸1.5 mL、硫酸3.0 mL,充分混匀,按表3消解程序消解。微波完毕后加入高氯酸1.5 mL于电热板上消解并赶酸至白烟冒尽。其他操作同1.3节。
表4可知:在40 min的消解时间内(40 min均为2种消解罐对应温度下允许的最长安全消解时间),高温高压微波消解能完全消解2种样品,而普通微波消解无法完全消解NIST SRM 1633c。
2种消解方法对煤样品国家标准物质GBW11102的加标试验结果见表5。可以看出,2种方法的测定均值非常接近,且加标回收率及RSD均满足要求,说明2种方法均可实现对GBW11102的完全消解。
不同消解方法对NIST SRM 1633c样品的消解结果见表6。可知:对于粉煤灰标准样品NIST SRM 1633c,因方法二消解不完全,导致测定结果远低于方法一,较标准值相对误差更大。原因是高温高压环境中混合酸的协同效应更明显,高温可使分子热运动速度较快,从而促进化学键断裂;而高压有助于形成更强烈的回流效果,维持体系中酸浓度和温度平稳,加速NIST SRM 1633c中难溶化合物的溶解和分解。综上可知,高温高压微波消解法操作简便、高效快捷,能实现一种消解方法同时消解煤及粉煤灰样品,提高消解效率,测定结果的准确度及精密度也高于普通微波消解法,因此,试验选用高温高压微波消解法对样品进行消解。
称样量对溶样效果和精密度有直接影响,测定样品不同,称样量也存在差异。对于地质类样品,适宜的称样量为25~50 mg[16],对于煤飞灰中金属元素,适宜的称样量为0.2 g[14]。对于煤中砷和磷,适宜的称样量为0.1 g[17]。试验选取煤样品的国家标准物质GBW11140(碳含量35.16%)、GBW11102(碳含量55.20%),煤样品M1(碳含量82.10%),粉煤灰国家标准物质GBW11127和GBW08401,进行称样量确定试验。分别称取0.03、0.05、0.1、0.2 g样品,按照1.3节方法处理样品并进行测定。消解效果见表7
表7可知:称样量分别为0.1、0.2 g时,GBW11127消解液中有少许黑色残留物,消解不完全,导致测定值偏低;称样量分别为0.05、0.03 g时,GBW11140、GBW11102、煤样品M1、GBW11127和GBW08401消解液均澄清透明,消解完全;称样量为0.05 g时,测定结果均可满足试验要求,而称样量为0.03 g时,测定结果的精密度无法满足试验要求。综合考虑,确定称样量为0.05 g。在实际生产应用中需根据样品中被测元素含量和检出限适当调整样品称样量。
为确定最佳的消解体系,选择HNO3-H2O2、HNO3-HF、HNO3-HF-HCl、HNO3-HF-HClO4-HCl、HNO3-HF-HClO4-H2SO4 5种混酸体系进行消解对比试验。试验中发现:前4种混酸体系消解均不完全,溶液底部留有残渣,且测定值偏低,可能是煤成分复杂,一般的混酸体系不足以将其完全消解导致;而HNO3-HF-HClO4-H2SO4消解体系下溶液澄清透亮,且测定值与平均测定值非常接近。这可能是HNO3-HF-HClO4-H2SO4体系综合了多种酸的优点所致:H2SO4沸点高,能在高温下保持较高酸度,有助于破坏稀土氟化物沉淀,且煤作为一种主要由碳构成的复杂混合物,H2SO4的强氧化特性使其能深入煤的结构,促进碳与氧之间的化学反应,从而将煤样品高效分解;同时,HClO4的强氧化性有助于有机物的消解;HNO3和HF能有效溶解其他无机成分和硅酸盐矿物。考虑到煤系样品的复杂性和差异性,试验确定选择HNO3-HF-HClO4-H2SO4体系作为消解体系。
在ICP-MS分析中,内标元素对基体效应具有明显的补偿作用,并能有效地监控和校正分析信号的漂移。基体引起的抑制/增强效应采用内标校正通常能取得明显的效果。考虑到内标应准确地反应待测元素的行为,试验选用标准物质GBW11127,按1.3节方法制备消解液。三通在线加入Rh、Re混合内标溶液,分别以Rh和Re对各元素测定结果进行校正,结果见表8。可以看出:Rh校正Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr元素回收率在93.7%~107.4%之间,优于Re校正的124.2%~133.9%;用Re校正Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu元素回收率在91.4%~109.9%之间,优于Rh校正的118.5%~142.3%。因此,试验选择Rh校正Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr元素,Re校正Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu元素,有效消除信号漂移及基体效应对测定结果造成的偏差,从而确保测定结果的准确性。
ICP-MS测定稀土元素时存在的干扰主要有氧化物干扰、同质异位素干扰、多原子离子干扰和物理干扰,其中,多原子离子干扰是主要干扰因素[13]。煤等样品中钡元素含量一般较高,钡形成的氧化物和氢氧化物会对轻稀土元素产生干扰,如Eu的2个同位素151Eu和153Eu均受Ba干扰;轻稀土元素形成的氧化物和氢氧化物会对重稀土元素产生干扰,如140CeOH+141Pr16O+157Gd、 143Nd16O+159Tb、153Eu16O+169Tm会产生干扰。针对这些干扰,可以通过配制不同浓度的单元素干扰溶液(其质量浓度均远高于其在煤及粉煤灰样品中的含量),测定其在待测同位素质荷比的贡献值,计算干扰系数(干扰贡献值与干扰元素浓度的比值),取平均值求得最终干扰系数。干扰校正试验结果见表9。可以看出:试验中Eu、Gd、Tb、Tm不存在明显干扰,不必进行干扰校正。
在选定的ICP-MS工作条件下测定标准溶液。以各元素质量浓度为横坐标,以各元素信号强度与所对应内标元素信号强度的比值为纵坐标,绘制校准曲线。在相同条件下连续测定样品空白11次(n=11),按照其3倍标准偏差计算方法检出限,结果见表10。可以看出:各元素线性相关系数均大于0.999 6,说明各元素在其测定范围内线性良好;各元素检出限在0.003 7~0.042 μg/g。
分别平行称取11份国家标准物质GBW11102、GBW11127和粉煤灰标准样品NIST SRM 1633c、煤标准样品SRM 1635a,采用高温高压微波消解法对各样品进行前处理。并按照各元素含量的0.5~2倍对GBW11102和GBW11127进行加标回收试验。国家标准物质的测定结果见表11,标准样品的测定结果见表12
表11看出:GBW11102和GBW11127中各元素测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=11)均小于5.85%,加标回收率在95.0%~107.2%范围内。由表12看出:NIST SRM 1633c和SRM 1635a中具有标准值的稀土元素测定结果的相对误差均小于6.95%,满足测定要求。测定结果的精密度和准确度较高,说明方法可靠。
建立了ICP-MS测定煤及粉煤灰样品中稀土元素含量的方法,采用高温高压微波消解方法缩短了试验流程、避免了污染和损失,解决了高碳含量样品和粉煤灰样品不易分解完全的问题,实现了一种消解方法同时消解煤及粉煤灰样品,探讨了ICP-MS测定中存在的多原子离子干扰并建立干扰校正方程。该方法简单易用、准确度高、精密度好,能够满足实际应用需要。
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doi: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.02.017
  • 接收时间:2024-08-28
  • 首发时间:2025-08-08
  • 出版时间:2025-04-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-28
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保定市科技计划项目(2341ZF165)
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    1 河北省地质实验测试中心, 河北 保定 071051
    2 河北省矿产资源与生态环境监测重点实验室, 河北 保定 071051

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李晓敬(1986—),女,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为地质试验测试。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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