Article(id=1148110004625862667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, issueId=1148109987349520431, articleNumber=1009-2617(2025)01-0082-09, orderNo=null, doi=10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.01.012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1720627200000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-11, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1751660355954, onlineDateStr=2025-07-05, pubDate=1740672000000, pubDateStr=2025-02-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1751660355954, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1751660355954, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1751660355954, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1148109987349520431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, year='2025', volume='44', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='131', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1751660351836, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1758246034872, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1175732344108499276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, issueId=1148109987349520431, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1175732344108499277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, issueId=1148109987349520431, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=82, endPage=90, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1148110004797829146, articleId=1148110004625862667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, language=EN, title=Adsorption Behavior of CL-P507 Resin on La(Ⅲ) and Zn(Ⅱ), columnId=1152626641181700664, journalTitle=Hydrometallurgy of China, columnName=Experiment Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The challenge of achieving profound separation between rare earth elements(REEs) and non-rare earth impurities during the purification process via extractive resin adsorption has consistently posed a formidable obstacle. The static method was employed to analyze the adsorption behavior of La3+ and Zn2+ ions onto CL-P507 resin. The influences of adsorption duration, solution pH, and temperature on the adsorption efficiency of La3+ and Zn2+ by the resin were investigated. The adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of La3+ and Zn2+ were analyzed. Additionally, the separation and migration mechanisms of La3+ and Zn2+ during the adsorption process was discussed. The results indicate that H+ participates in the reaction involving the phosphoric acid functional group of CL-P507 resin. At a feed liquid pH of 4.0, the adsorption equilibrium values for La3+ and Zn2+ are achieved at 0.098 9 mmol/g and 0.153 4 mmol/g, respectively within 8 min and 15 min. The adsorption of La3+ and Zn2+ onto CL-P507 resin is an endothermic process adhering to the Langmuir isothermal model and quasi-second-order kinetics, with chemical reactions governing the process. The findings offer theoretical insights into the efficient separation of rare earths from non-rare earth impurities.

, correspAuthors=Xiaolin ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Shuaifeng LIU, Pei LIU, Pengfei LAI, Long HUANG, Haoran GUO, Weihang FENG, Huaping NIE, Xiaolin ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1148110011877814907, articleId=1148110004625862667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, language=CN, title=CL-P507树脂对La(Ⅲ)和Zn(Ⅱ)的吸附行为研究, columnId=1152626641328501305, journalTitle=湿法冶金, columnName=试验研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=采用萃淋树脂吸附法提纯稀土时,稀土与非稀土杂质之间深度分离存在一定困难。针对该问题,采用静态法研究了CL-P507树脂对La3+和Zn2+的吸附规律,考察了吸附时间、料液pH、温度对CL-P507树脂吸附Zn2+和La3+的影响,分析了Zn2+和La3+的吸附动力学及热力学,探讨了Zn2+和La3+在吸附过程的分离迁移规律。结果表明:CL-P507树脂的磷酸功能基中的H+会参与吸附反应,当料液pH=4.0、La3+和Zn2+吸附时间分别为8、15 min时均可达到吸附平衡,静态平衡吸附量分别达0.098 9、0.153 4 mmol/g;CL-P507树脂对La3+、Zn2+的吸附反应均为吸热过程,且均遵循Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级动力学模型,受化学反应控制。研究结果可为稀土与非稀土杂质的深度分离提供一定理论指导。, correspAuthors=张小林, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
张小林(1984—),男,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为稀土清洁冶金与高纯稀土制备。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=MzSLGgUmBlnZIbDzldYBTQ==, magXml=E40FT9Md974Cr5/bIZ1KSQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=mjn4LJULk2oMq+HwNLmQ7A==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=bnxQsmOs1XIK7WWOS3VEfw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

刘帅峰(1998—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为稀土湿法冶金。

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刘帅峰(1998—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为稀土湿法冶金。

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刘帅峰(1998—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为稀土湿法冶金。

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Hydrometallurgy of China, 2021, 40(3):211-216., articleTitle=Solvent extraction of zinc and iron from hot dipgalvanizing spent pickling liquid using N235, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1175092666850230789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, awardId=2021YFB3500902, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFB3500902), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1175092666904756742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, awardId=2022YFC2905201, language=CN, fundingSource=国家十四五重点研发计划“战略性矿产资源开发利用”重点专项项目(2022YFC2905201), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1175092662626566584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1175092662630760889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, companyId=1175092662626566584, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Metallurgical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1175092662639149498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, companyId=1175092662626566584, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=江西理工大学 冶金工程学院, 江西 赣州 341000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1175092665281561069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Effect of adsorption time on adsorption of La3+ and Zn2+ by CL-P507 resin, figureFileSmall=X3X1fX8b1HD3WJ+UeNdXqQ==, figureFileBig=bWBzGHrOA6tw8AqEPAVBKA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092665340281326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=CN, label=图1, caption=吸附时间对CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+的影响, figureFileSmall=X3X1fX8b1HD3WJ+UeNdXqQ==, figureFileBig=bWBzGHrOA6tw8AqEPAVBKA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092665394807279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Effect of feed solution initial pH on adsorption of La3+ and Zn2+ by CL-P507 resin, figureFileSmall=C4Qm4RsX4trKb9yY/tbNHw==, figureFileBig=azmbCxBO+SNGxowtcjfnKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092665457721840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=CN, label=图2, caption=料液初始pH对CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+的影响, figureFileSmall=C4Qm4RsX4trKb9yY/tbNHw==, figureFileBig=azmbCxBO+SNGxowtcjfnKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092665533219313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Infrared spectra before and after adsorption of La3+ and Zn2+ by CL-P507 resin, figureFileSmall=Kz3DeKqwdIviTolKSsIrYQ==, figureFileBig=twpjXlbQq93FA9hcKiM7kw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092665587745266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=CN, label=图3, caption=CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+前、后的红外光谱

a—未吸附;b—吸附La3+后;c—吸附Zn2+后。

, figureFileSmall=Kz3DeKqwdIviTolKSsIrYQ==, figureFileBig=twpjXlbQq93FA9hcKiM7kw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092665650659827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal adsorption lines of adsorption of La3+ and Zn2+ by CL-P507 resin, figureFileSmall=Ot3y+3xFy6JKwHGwY0aDJA==, figureFileBig=gWu+peDYVFtsnGrteofwjQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092665705185780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=CN, label=图4, caption=CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+的Langmuir及Freundlich等温吸附线, figureFileSmall=Ot3y+3xFy6JKwHGwY0aDJA==, figureFileBig=gWu+peDYVFtsnGrteofwjQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092665763906037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Quasi-first-order,quasi-second-order and second-order kinetics fitting curves of adsorption of La3+ and Zn2+ by CL-P507 resin, figureFileSmall=YHLWj11C0EtLuKcZvaZK5w==, figureFileBig=ySdtNV5lVFebqTa0lw79Cw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092665818431990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=CN, label=图5, caption=CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+的准一级、准二级和二级动力学拟合曲线, figureFileSmall=YHLWj11C0EtLuKcZvaZK5w==, figureFileBig=ySdtNV5lVFebqTa0lw79Cw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092665881346551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effect of temperature on distribution coefficient of adsorption of La3+ and Zn2+ by CL-P507 resin, figureFileSmall=a74wyqvFjsZFjigbzjI1UQ==, figureFileBig=BMdUYk1Dyy4Ft/2SiqRP8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092665940066808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=CN, label=图6, caption=温度对CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+的分配系数的影响, figureFileSmall=a74wyqvFjsZFjigbzjI1UQ==, figureFileBig=BMdUYk1Dyy4Ft/2SiqRP8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092665998787065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Relationship between lg Kd of La3+, Zn2+ and equilibrium pH, figureFileSmall=rT/23jaKn7PiFy5lvkkcnA==, figureFileBig=3bDHYJ3G7Wgx+zePbT0wDA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092666057507322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=CN, label=图7, caption=La3+、Zn2+的lg Kd与平衡pH之间的关系, figureFileSmall=rT/23jaKn7PiFy5lvkkcnA==, figureFileBig=3bDHYJ3G7Wgx+zePbT0wDA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092666124616187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Effect of mixtures feed liquid equilibrium pH of La3+ and Zn2+ on β(Zn2+/La3+), figureFileSmall=DL/3CFbls5p7QCC64DOFhQ==, figureFileBig=YtZ6kkFPuAMQ503Aq2zYLw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092666204307964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=CN, label=图8, caption=La3+、Zn2+混合料液平衡pH对β(Zn2+/La3+)的影响, figureFileSmall=DL/3CFbls5p7QCC64DOFhQ==, figureFileBig=YtZ6kkFPuAMQ503Aq2zYLw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1175092666275611133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Main components of lanthanum oxide mg/kg

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
La Zn Fe Cu
>99.99* <0.05 2.21 <0.05
), ArticleFig(id=1175092666334331390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

氧化镧的主要成分

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
La Zn Fe Cu
>99.99* <0.05 2.21 <0.05
), ArticleFig(id=1175092666393051647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Kinetic fitting parameters of adsorption of La3+ and Zn2+ by CL-P507 resin

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
吸附
离子
qe,试验/
(mmol·g-1)
准一级动力学模型 准二级动力学模型 二级动力学模型
qe,理论/
(mmol·g-1)
k1/min-1 R2 qe,理论/
(mmol·g-1)
k2/
(g·mmol-1·min-1)
R2 qe,理论/
(mmol·g-1)
k3/
(g·mmoL-1·min-1)
R2
La3+ 0.098 9 0.026 9 0.210 5 0.991 31 0.109 8 12.104 3 0.999 59 0.088 0 2.648 2 0.994 48
Zn2+ 0.153 4 0.029 4 0.002 7 0.508 24 0.169 1 15.784 5 0.998 27 0.019 6 0.112 3 0.948 12
), ArticleFig(id=1175092666455966208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+的动力学拟合参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
吸附
离子
qe,试验/
(mmol·g-1)
准一级动力学模型 准二级动力学模型 二级动力学模型
qe,理论/
(mmol·g-1)
k1/min-1 R2 qe,理论/
(mmol·g-1)
k2/
(g·mmol-1·min-1)
R2 qe,理论/
(mmol·g-1)
k3/
(g·mmoL-1·min-1)
R2
La3+ 0.098 9 0.026 9 0.210 5 0.991 31 0.109 8 12.104 3 0.999 59 0.088 0 2.648 2 0.994 48
Zn2+ 0.153 4 0.029 4 0.002 7 0.508 24 0.169 1 15.784 5 0.998 27 0.019 6 0.112 3 0.948 12
), ArticleFig(id=1175092666556629505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Thermodynamic parameters of La3+ adsorption by CL-P507 resin

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
T/K Δg/
(kJ·mol-1)
ΔH/
(kJ·mol-1)
ΔS/
(J·mol-1·K-1)
298 -0.48 3.89 14.65
308 -0.62
318 -0.77
328 -0.92
), ArticleFig(id=1175092666615349762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

CL-P507树脂吸附La3+的热力学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
T/K Δg/
(kJ·mol-1)
ΔH/
(kJ·mol-1)
ΔS/
(J·mol-1·K-1)
298 -0.48 3.89 14.65
308 -0.62
318 -0.77
328 -0.92
), ArticleFig(id=1175092666678264323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Thermodynamic parameters of Zn2+ adsorption by CL-P507 resin

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
T/K Δg/
(kJ·mol-1)
ΔH/
(kJ·mol-1)
ΔS/
(J·mol-1·K-1)
298 -1.68 4.12 19.48
308 -1.88
318 -2.08
328 -2.27
), ArticleFig(id=1175092666741178884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146120122248306696, articleId=1148110004625862667, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

CL-P507树脂吸附Zn2+的热力学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
T/K Δg/
(kJ·mol-1)
ΔH/
(kJ·mol-1)
ΔS/
(J·mol-1·K-1)
298 -1.68 4.12 19.48
308 -1.88
318 -2.08
328 -2.27
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CL-P507树脂对La(Ⅲ)和Zn(Ⅱ)的吸附行为研究
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刘帅峰 , 刘培 , 来鹏飞 , 黄龙 , 郭浩然 , 冯伟航 , 聂华平 , 张小林
湿法冶金 | 试验研究 2025,44(1): 82-90
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湿法冶金 | 试验研究 2025, 44(1): 82-90
CL-P507树脂对La(Ⅲ)和Zn(Ⅱ)的吸附行为研究
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刘帅峰, 刘培, 来鹏飞, 黄龙, 郭浩然, 冯伟航, 聂华平, 张小林
作者信息
  • 江西理工大学 冶金工程学院, 江西 赣州 341000
  • 刘帅峰(1998—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为稀土湿法冶金。

通讯作者:

张小林(1984—),男,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为稀土清洁冶金与高纯稀土制备。E-mail:
Adsorption Behavior of CL-P507 Resin on La(Ⅲ) and Zn(Ⅱ)
Shuaifeng LIU, Pei LIU, Pengfei LAI, Long HUANG, Haoran GUO, Weihang FENG, Huaping NIE, Xiaolin ZHANG
Affiliations
  • School of Metallurgical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
出版时间: 2025-02-28 doi: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.01.012
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采用萃淋树脂吸附法提纯稀土时,稀土与非稀土杂质之间深度分离存在一定困难。针对该问题,采用静态法研究了CL-P507树脂对La3+和Zn2+的吸附规律,考察了吸附时间、料液pH、温度对CL-P507树脂吸附Zn2+和La3+的影响,分析了Zn2+和La3+的吸附动力学及热力学,探讨了Zn2+和La3+在吸附过程的分离迁移规律。结果表明:CL-P507树脂的磷酸功能基中的H+会参与吸附反应,当料液pH=4.0、La3+和Zn2+吸附时间分别为8、15 min时均可达到吸附平衡,静态平衡吸附量分别达0.098 9、0.153 4 mmol/g;CL-P507树脂对La3+、Zn2+的吸附反应均为吸热过程,且均遵循Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级动力学模型,受化学反应控制。研究结果可为稀土与非稀土杂质的深度分离提供一定理论指导。
CL-P507树脂  /  吸附  /  稀土  /  La(Ⅲ)  /  Zn(Ⅱ)

The challenge of achieving profound separation between rare earth elements(REEs) and non-rare earth impurities during the purification process via extractive resin adsorption has consistently posed a formidable obstacle. The static method was employed to analyze the adsorption behavior of La3+ and Zn2+ ions onto CL-P507 resin. The influences of adsorption duration, solution pH, and temperature on the adsorption efficiency of La3+ and Zn2+ by the resin were investigated. The adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of La3+ and Zn2+ were analyzed. Additionally, the separation and migration mechanisms of La3+ and Zn2+ during the adsorption process was discussed. The results indicate that H+ participates in the reaction involving the phosphoric acid functional group of CL-P507 resin. At a feed liquid pH of 4.0, the adsorption equilibrium values for La3+ and Zn2+ are achieved at 0.098 9 mmol/g and 0.153 4 mmol/g, respectively within 8 min and 15 min. The adsorption of La3+ and Zn2+ onto CL-P507 resin is an endothermic process adhering to the Langmuir isothermal model and quasi-second-order kinetics, with chemical reactions governing the process. The findings offer theoretical insights into the efficient separation of rare earths from non-rare earth impurities.

CL-P507 resin  /  adsorption  /  rare earth  /  La(Ⅲ)  /  Zn(Ⅱ)
刘帅峰, 刘培, 来鹏飞, 黄龙, 郭浩然, 冯伟航, 聂华平, 张小林. CL-P507树脂对La(Ⅲ)和Zn(Ⅱ)的吸附行为研究. 湿法冶金, 2025 , 44 (1) : 82 -90 . DOI: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.01.012
Shuaifeng LIU, Pei LIU, Pengfei LAI, Long HUANG, Haoran GUO, Weihang FENG, Huaping NIE, Xiaolin ZHANG. Adsorption Behavior of CL-P507 Resin on La(Ⅲ) and Zn(Ⅱ)[J]. Hydrometallurgy of China, 2025 , 44 (1) : 82 -90 . DOI: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.01.012
在稀土材料行业中,稀土中间产品中的痕量杂质问题尤为突出,这些杂质极大限制了稀土功能材料高性能在高端应用领域中的发挥[1]。特别是在高功率激光光纤、激光晶体、超导材料等前沿科技领域,对稀土氧化物的纯度要求极高,一般需达到99.999%以上(5N)[2-3]。传统的溶剂萃取法,虽然在分离提取稀土领域占有主导地位,但技术上已面临提纯极限问题,无法深度去除高浓度非稀土杂质,导致最终产品纯度仅停留在99.9%~99.999%之间,如不进一步深度提纯,难以满足高性能稀土功能材料的特殊应用[4-6]
与传统萃取法相比,萃淋树脂,特别是CL-P507树脂,因属于特定类型材料,兼具了萃取与树脂吸附双重功能优点[7-8],且比萃取剂用量小,对痕量杂质元素控制效果也较为显著,因此在稀土提纯及高纯稀土制备领域展现出了一定潜力,其研究与应用也取得了一定成果[9-13]。但目前有关CL-P507树脂制备高纯稀土的工艺研究还主要集中在稀土与稀土杂质之间的分离方面,而对于稀土与非稀土杂质(如Zn2+、Fe3+等)的分离研究报道较少。而这些非稀土杂质易在酸性条件下形成氯阴络离子,导致在萃淋树脂提纯过程中与稀土离子发生共吸附和共洗脱现象[14],使二者难以深度分离。
为了深入了解稀土与非稀土杂质在CL-P507树脂上的分离迁移规律,以盐酸体系中Zn2+与La3+吸附—解吸为例,采用静态法研究了CL-P507树脂对La3+和Zn2+的吸附行为,考察了吸附时间、料液pH、吸附温度对吸附Zn2+与La3+的影响。分别采用热力学计算并分析了Zn2+和La3+吸附过程,通过动力学研究判断Zn2+和La3+吸附的关键限制步骤,并结合FT-IR分析探讨了CL-P507树脂吸附官能团对Zn2+和La3+的吸附机制,以期为稀土与非稀土杂质的深度分离提供一定的理论指导。
氧化镧(99.99%):赣南某稀土分离厂,主要化学成分见表1
其他试剂:无水氯化锌(分析纯);试剂浓盐酸(分析纯)、CL-P507树脂、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、浓硫酸、浓氨水、六次甲基四胺、二水合5-磺基水杨酸等。
仪器:傅里叶红外光谱仪(ALPHA型,德国布鲁克);集热式加热搅拌器(DF-1013型,常州普天仪器制造有限公司);赛多利斯电子天平(BSA423S-CW型,德国赛多利斯);奥豪斯试验室pH计(ST3100/F型,奥豪斯仪器有限公司)。
LaCl3单一料液的配制:称取一定量氧化镧(99.99%),用3 mol/L盐酸溶解后,用去离子水稀释,再根据试验需求,用氨水调节pH,作为静态吸附试验料液。
ZnCl2单一料液的配制:称取一定量氯化锌固体置于烧杯中,用去离子水溶解稀释至所需浓度,再根据试验需求,用氨水调节pH,作为静态吸附试验料液。
LaCl3、ZnCl2混合料液的配制:将pH=4.0、浓度为10 mmol/L的LaCl3单一料液和ZnCl2单一料液各取10 mL混合,作为分离系数与分离因子试验料液。
称取一定量CL-P507树脂放入烧杯中,按照液固体积质量比5/1加入1 mol/L盐酸浸泡24 h,定期搅动;浸泡充分后用漏斗固液分离,并用去离子水淋洗CL-P507树脂直至淋洗液为中性,密闭保存在蒸馏水中,备用。
量取一定浓度、体积、pH的LaCl3和ZnCl2单一溶液,分别置于锥形瓶中,将锥形瓶及料液预热至所需温度,加入预处理CL-P507树脂,开启搅拌,设置搅拌速度为120 r/min,吸附一定时间。待吸附结束后用EDTA络合滴定法测定溶液中剩余离子浓度,用式(1)计算CL-P507树脂对金属离子的吸附量qt
qt=$\frac{({c}_{0}-{c}_{t})V}{m}$。
式中:qt—吸附t时间时金属离子吸附量,mmol/g;c0—模拟溶液中金属离子初始浓度,mmol/L;ct—吸附t时间时吸附尾液中金属离子浓度,mmol/L;V—溶液体积,L;m—CL-P507树脂质量,g。
分别取1 g CL-P507树脂置于锥形瓶中,加入10 mmol/L、pH=4.0的LaCl3及ZnCl2混合溶液20 mL(其中LaCl3、ZnCl2各10 mL),设定温度为25 ℃、搅拌速度120 r/min,反应时间12 h。吸附反应完成后,取液相测定其中金属离子浓度,分别计算Zn2+、La3+分配系数Kd及二者的分离因子β(Zn2+/La3+)。计算公式分别见式(2)、(3):
Kd=$\frac{({c}_{0}-{c}_{e})V}{m{c}_{e}}$;
β(Zn2+/La3+)=$\frac{{K}_{d}\left(Z\right.{n}^{2+})}{{K}_{d}\left(L\right.{a}^{3+})}$。
式中:Kd—分配系数;β(Zn2+/La3+)—Zn2+与La3+的分离因子;ce—吸附平衡时溶液中金属离子初始浓度,mmol/L。
含La3+及Zn2+的混合溶液中金属离子浓度采用ICP-MS测定;溶液中单一离子浓度用EDTA络合滴定法测定。
称取1 g预处理后CL-P507湿树脂2份,分别加入到La3+、Zn2+单一料液中,2种料液的体积、浓度和pH均相同,即20 mL、10 mmol/L、pH=4.0。在吸附温度25 ℃条件下,分别考察吸附时间对CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+的影响,试验结果如图1所示。可知:CL-P507树脂对La3+和Zn2+的吸附量均随吸附时间延长而增大;在0~5 min内,树脂表面有大量吸附位点未被占用,且溶液中离子浓度较高,固液两相得到充分接触,使La3+和Zn2+快速吸附在树脂表面,此阶段吸附速率最快;随吸附持续进行,溶液中金属离子浓度逐渐降低,树脂对La3+和Zn2+的吸附逐渐趋于平衡;La3+比Zn2+更快达到吸附平衡,所需时间分别为8、15 min,La3+和Zn2+平衡吸附量分别为0.098 9、0.153 4 mmol/g,Zn2+吸附量远大于La3+,这是CL-P507树脂上H+在与金属离子发生交换时,同样数量的H+交换的Zn2+数量远大于La3+所致。
称取预处理后CL-P507湿树脂1 g,分别加入到La3+、Zn2+单一料液中,2种料液的体积、浓度均相同,即20 mL、10 mmol/L。在吸附温度25 ℃、吸附时间2 h,分别考察料液初始pH对CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+的影响,试验结果如图2所示。
图2可知:在酸性条件下,CL-P507树脂对La3+、Zn2+的吸附量随料液初始pH升高而增加,而后趋于平衡;在料液初始pH考察范围内,CL-P507树脂对Zn2+的吸附量均大于La3+;随溶液H+浓度增大,CL-P507树脂平衡吸附量下降,这是H+与金属离子竞争CL-P507树脂上吸附位点所致。CL-P507树脂吸附金属的能力大小取决于所形成络合物稳定常数的大小,通常情况下,稳定常数越大,对吸附越有利;但对于Zn元素而言,当溶液酸度较高时,锌离子形成氯阴络离子的趋势增加[15],而氯阴络离子属于难分离组分,会随着水相迁移。因此,综合考虑,选择料液初始pH=4.0为宜,此时La3+、Zn2+吸附效果较理想,吸附量分别可达0.100 0、0.157 0 mmol/g。
CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+单一料液前、后的红外光谱如图3所示。可以看出:在1 165、980、1 035、1 661 cm-1处出现的峰分别对应的是CL-P507树脂的P══O、P—O—H、P—O—C和氢键特征峰;CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+后谱线变化趋势相同;CL-P507树脂主要官能团为P—O—H,吸附La3+、Zn2+后,均从980 cm-1偏移至978 cm-1,且吸收峰带减弱,这是由于P—O—H基团上的H+与金属离子发生交换导致;同时,P══O的谱线偏移较为明显,La3+和Zn2+被吸附后,该吸收峰向低波数移动,这是由于金属离子被H+取代后,形成了P══O∶La、P══O∶Zn配位键,P══O电子云密度降低,说明CL-P507树脂对金属离子的吸附属于阳离子交换机制。
称取预处理后CL-P507湿树脂1 g,分别加入到La3+、Zn2+单一料液中,2种料液的体积、浓度和pH均相同,即20 mL、10 mmol/L、pH=4.0。控制吸附温度25 ℃,吸附不同时间后分别测定料液中La3+、Zn2+剩余浓度,计算La3+、Zn2+平衡吸附量。试验采用Langmuir、Freundlich等温吸附模型(见式(4)、(5))对试验数据进行拟合。拟合后CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+的Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附线如图4所示。
$\frac{{c}_{e}}{{q}_{e}}$=$\frac{{c}_{e}}{{q}_{m}}$+$\frac{1}{{q}_{m}{k}_{L}}$;
ln qe=ln kF+$\frac{1}{n}$ln ce
式中:kL—Langmuir等温吸附平衡常数,L/mmol;ce—吸附平衡时吸附尾液中金属离子浓度,mmol/L;qe—CL-P507树脂平衡吸附量,mmol/g;qm—CL-P507树脂理论饱和吸附量,mmol/g;kF—Freundlich等温吸附平衡常数,mmol1-1/n·L1/n·g-1;n—CL-P507树脂吸附强度。
图4可知,Langmuir对La3+、Zn2+的等温吸附相关系数R2均大于Freundlich等温吸附相关系数,表明CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+的过程更符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,属于单分子层吸附,CL-P507树脂表面吸附位点分布均匀,且吸附在表面的离子互不干扰。
试验采用取准一级、准二级和二级动力学模型分析Langmuir对La3+、Zn2+的吸附机制。式(6)、(7)、(8)分别为准一级、准二级和二级动力学模型。
lg(qe-qt)=lg qe-$\frac{{k}_{1}}{2.303}$t;
$\frac{t}{{q}_{t}}$=$\frac{1}{{k}_{2}{q}_{e}^{2}}$+$\frac{1}{{q}_{e}}$t;
$\frac{1}{{q}_{e}-{q}_{t}}$=$\frac{1}{{q}_{e}}$+k3t
式中:qe—CL-P507树脂平衡吸附量,mmol/g;qt—CL-P507树脂吸附t时间的吸附量,mmol/g;k1—准一级吸附动力学反应速率常数,min-1;k2—准二级动力学反应速率常数,g/(mmol·min);k3—二级动力学反应速率常数,g/(mmol·min)。
称取预处理后CL-P507湿树脂1 g,分别加入到La3+、Zn2+单一料液中,2种料液的体积、浓度和pH均相同,即20 mL、10 mmol/L、pH=4.0。控制温度为25 ℃,进行静态吸附试验。分别以lg(qe-qt)、t/qt、1/(qe-qt)对t作图并进行拟合,结果如图5表2所示。
图5表2可知:准二级动力学拟合相关系数R2更接近于1,由准二级动力学拟合结果可知,CL-P507树脂对La3+、Zn2+理论吸附量分别为0.109 8、0.169 1 mmol/g,与静态吸附试验平衡吸附量0.098 9、0.153 4 mmol/g最为接近,且准一级、二级动力学的理论吸附量与实际偏差较大,表明CL-P507树脂吸附La3+、Zn2+的过程更符合准二级动力学,CL-P507树脂吸附过程受化学反应控制。
CL-P507树脂对La3+、Zn2+的吸附过程的热力学参数计算公式如(9)、(10)所示:
lg Kd=-$\frac{\Delta H}{2.303RT}$+$\frac{\Delta S}{R}$;
Δg=ΔH-TΔS
式中:R—理想气体常数,8.314J/(mol·K);T—热力学温度,K;Δg—吉布斯自由能变,kJ/mol;ΔH—焓变,kJ/mol;ΔS—熵变,J/(mol·K)。
称取预处理后CL-P507湿树脂1 g,加入到La3+、Zn2+混合料液中,在温度298、308、318、328 K条件下测定CL-P507树脂吸附金属离子的分配比变化。以lg Kd对1/T作图,结果如图6所示。
图6可知,在考察温度范围内,随温度升高,CL-P507树脂吸附La3+和Zn2+的能力增强,说明吸附过程为吸热反应。CL-P507树脂对La3+、Zn2+的吸附过程的热力学参数计算结果见表34
表34可知:CL-P507树脂对La3+、Zn2+的吸附过程焓变ΔH均大于0,表明CL-P507树脂对La3+和Zn2+吸附过程是吸热的,温度升高有利于吸附反应进行;Δg均小于0,说明CL-P507树脂对La3+和Zn2+的吸附是自发进行的;随温度升高,Δg逐渐减小,也进一步验证吸附为吸热反应。
为了进一步证明CL-P507树脂对La3+、Zn2+的吸附行为的差异,并探讨CL-P507树脂对La3+、Zn2+的吸附机制,试验选用斜率法进行分析,结果如图7所示。
图7可知,La3+、Zn2+的lg Kd与平衡pH的拟合斜率分别约为1.95、1.52,线性拟合度均达0.97以上,表明两者之间的线性关系很好,能准确反映吸附过程中Kd随pH的变化趋势。氯盐体系中,三价离子分配系数与平衡pH的斜率为3,因为每吸附1 mol三价金属离子同时会释放3 mol H+;而二价离子斜率为2,即每吸附1 mol二价金属离子同时会释放2 mol {H+}^{[16]}。由于La3+、Zn2+斜率均小于相应的理论斜率,说明在CL-P507树脂吸附La3+和Zn2+的过程中,除了简单的离子交换外,还可能存在其他复杂的相互作用机制。这些额外的相互作用可能降低金属离子完全按照理论斜率进行吸附的效率,导致实际测得的斜率偏小;La3+斜率小于3且接近2,其与文献[17]CL-P507树脂对轻稀土元素La的吸附行为相似,La3+的lg Kd与平衡pH的斜率为2,对其他重稀土元素(Sm、Gd、Y等)的斜率为3,表明在CL-P507树脂吸附La3+过程中,La3+虽存在三价离子的特性(即理论上应释放3 mol H+),但实际上轻稀土的氯络合物相对于重稀土氯络合物更稳定[18],导致吸附过程中氯离子也参与反应,从而影响H+的释放量,使得斜率偏离理论值,说明氯离子的参与可能是导致其斜率偏离理论值的重要原因之一。
Zn2+与Ca2+、Mg2+、Mn2+、Ni2+的电荷数相同,且与Mn2+、Ni2+的离子半径相近,但在氯盐体系中可能因配位能力不同而导致萃取行为大不相同。相对于La3+而言,Zn2+属于易分离组分,而Ca2+、Mg2+、Mn2+、Ni2+则属于难分离组分[19]。由图7可知:La3+、Zn2+斜率分别为2、1.5左右,二者拟合直线必会相交,可见La3+与Zn2+的分离情况较复杂;再者,锌在盐酸体系中主要以游离Zn2+及氯络合物形式存在[20],主要随盐酸浓度变化而变化。进而对吸附过程造成影响,导致Zn2+的斜率小于2。
基于La3+、Zn2+离子的分配系数计算分离因子β(Zn2+/La3+),结果如图8所示。
图8可知,Zn2+和La3+的分离因子随平衡pH升高而减小;且β(Zn2+/La3+)随pH升高逐渐接近于1,即CL-P507树脂吸附分离La3+、Zn2+过程中,料液pH升高不利于La3+、Zn2+分离。
1)CL-P507树脂对La3+和Zn2+的平衡吸附量随吸附时间延长而增大,La3+、Zn2+分别吸附8、15 min后达到吸附平衡,La3+和Zn2+平衡吸附量分别达0.098 9 mmol/g、0.153 4 mmol/g;在酸性范围内,随pH增大,CL-P507树脂对La3+和Zn2+的吸附量呈增大趋势,当料液pH=4.0时,CL-P507树脂对La3+和Zn2+最大吸附量分别达0.100、0.157 mmol/g。
2)CL-P507树脂每吸附1 mol La3+同时约释放2 mol H+,每吸附1 mol Zn2+约释放1.5 mol H+,增大溶液酸度有利于La3+、Zn2+分离;吸附过程为阳离子交换反应。
3) La3+和Zn2+吸附过程遵循Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级动力学模型,属于单分子层吸附,吸附过程受化学反应控制;CL-P507树脂吸附La3+在温度为25 ℃时是自发进行的吸热过程。
  • 国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFB3500902)
  • 国家十四五重点研发计划“战略性矿产资源开发利用”重点专项项目(2022YFC2905201)
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doi: 10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.01.012
  • 接收时间:2024-07-11
  • 首发时间:2025-07-05
  • 出版时间:2025-02-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-11
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国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFB3500902)
国家十四五重点研发计划“战略性矿产资源开发利用”重点专项项目(2022YFC2905201)
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    江西理工大学 冶金工程学院, 江西 赣州 341000

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张小林(1984—),男,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为稀土清洁冶金与高纯稀土制备。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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