Article(id=1309635450063651751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397254396182630, issueId=1309635381402894744, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3724/2097-213X.2025.JFCT.0019, pmid=null, cstr=32157.14.2097-213X.2025.JFCT.0133, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1748361600000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-28, revisedDate=1751558400000, revisedDateStr=2025-07-04, acceptedDate=1752681600000, acceptedDateStr=2025-07-17, onlineDate=1790171023145, onlineDateStr=2026-09-23, pubDate=1767196800000, pubDateStr=2026-01-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790171023145, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790171023145, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790171023145, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1309635381402894744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397254396182630, year='2026', volume='54', issue='1', pageStart='20250108-1', pageEnd='20250281-145', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1767196800000', pubDateStr='2026-01-01', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790171006774, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790213085519, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1309811872514273799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397254396182630, issueId=1309635381402894744, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1309811872514273800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397254396182630, issueId=1309635381402894744, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=20250130-26, endPage=20250130-34, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1309635450252395432, articleId=1309635450063651751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397254396182630, language=EN, title=Study on the catalytic performance of Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH under photoelectric synergy, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In this paper, the Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH complex was prepared by hydrothermal, precipitation and photoreduction methods, and the target product, methylene blue (MB) solution, was catalytically degraded under the condition of photoelectric synergy, and the catalytic activity of the samples was studied by the degradation rate. By combining with Ag@AgBr, Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH composite photocatalytic materials can be prepared. Ag@AgBr has the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect, and a certain voltage is applied to it by an electrochemical workstation, which can promote the efficient separation of photogenerated electrons from holes and greatly reduce the recombination of the two, and greatly improve the activity of catalytic degradation. This study provides an effective solution to the environmental problems caused by pollution such as industrial wastewater and organic dyes, and has important research value and application prospects. During the experiment, the photocatalytic performance of the sample was studied by the difference in the degradation rate of the sample to the methylene blue solution. Through a series of chemical characterization and photoelectric activity tests such as XRD and SEM of the prepared materials, the material composition, microscopic morphology and particle size and other parameters of the samples were determined. Parameters such as the electrochemical properties of materials are characterized by the use of potentiostats; The optimal modification amount of the catalyst was determined by exploring the degradation rate of the composite under different Ag@AgBr modification amounts of the sample. The recovery performance of the catalyst was characterized by multiple test cycle experiments on the samples. The reaction mechanism of the catalyst was determined by quenching experiments; The reaction mechanism of the active substance was determined by quenching the experiment. Through experiments, it is proved that when the Ag@AgBr modification amount is 12.5%, the photoelectric synergistic degradation rate of Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH is the highest, and the degradation rate can reach 90.97%. Through XRD, SEM, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) characterization of the material, it was proved that the Ag@AgBr was successfully modified to MgAl-LDH, and the material also had good hydrophilic properties. A series of electrochemical performance tests were carried out on Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH by electrochemical workstation to characterize the electrochemical properties of the materials, and the results showed that the composite electrode materials had low barrier widths and impedances, high catalytic degradation ability, and more catalytic reaction active sites. After 5 cycle experiments, the material still has a high degradation rate, so it can be found that the composite material has very good stability, less catalyst loss and no significant degradation rate. The experimental results show that the active species in the process of photoelectric synergistic degradation of Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH are quenched by using different quenchers, and the experimental results show that the active species in the process are h+ and ${\cdot {\mathrm{O}}_2^- }$. Finally, combined with a series of characterization and test results in this experiment, the electron transfer mechanism of the Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH complex during the degradation process was further explored.

, authors=Shuanglong LIN1, 3, Chao HE1, Yuehong QI1, Lijie CI1, Erpeng ZHOU1, *, He LI2, *, authorsList=Shuanglong LIN, Chao HE, Yuehong QI, Lijie CI, Erpeng ZHOU, He LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Erpeng ZHOU, He LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2026 Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1309635457747616729, articleId=1309635450063651751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397254396182630, language=CN, title=光电协同作用下Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH催化性能的研究, columnId=1309584910000677174, journalTitle=燃料化学学报(中英文), columnName=RESEARCH PAPER, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本工作通过水热法、沉淀法和光还原法制备Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH,并在光电协同的条件下催化降解目标产物:亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液,通过降解率研究样品的催化活性。对所制备的材料进行一系列表征以及活性测试,确定了样品的物质组成、微观形貌和粒径尺寸等;使用电化学工作站表征材料的电化学性能等参数;探究不同修饰量Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的降解率确定催化剂的最佳修饰量;对样品进行多次测试循环实验表征该催化剂的回收性能;进行淬灭实验确定该催化剂的反应机理。本研究证明了12.5%的Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的光电协同降解率最高,降解率为90.97%。通过XRD、SEM、UV-vis、FT-IR等表征方式证明了Ag@AgBr修饰到MgAl-LDH上,同时材料具有较好的亲水性;对Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH进行了一系列的电化学测试表征电化学性能,表明该复合电极材料具有较低的禁带宽度和阻抗,较高的催化降解能力和活性位点;在对该材料进行五次循环实验后,依然具有很高的降解率,因此,发现该复合材料具有良好的稳定性,催化剂损失较少且降解率没有明显下降;使用不同的淬灭剂淬灭Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH在光电协同降解过程中的活性物种,实验结果表明,该过程中的活性物种为h+和$\cdot {\mathrm{O}}_2^- $;结合本实验中一系列的表征和测试结果,探索了Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH在降解过程中的电子转移机理。

, authors=林双龙1, 3, 何超1, 齐跃红1, 次立杰1, 周二鹏1, *, 李贺2, *, authorsList=林双龙, 何超, 齐跃红, 次立杰, 周二鹏, 李贺, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=周二鹏, 李贺, authorNote=

林双龙(1988),博士,讲师,研究方向为催化新材料与新技术。主要研究新型光催化、光电催化材料的可控合成、形貌控制与表征,并应用于分解水制氢、降解污染物等过程,

周二鹏(1979),博士,教授,研究方向为环境催化及洁净技术。主要在医药企业和化工园区废水处理等领域进行科学研究和科技成果转化,

李贺(1983),高级工程师,主要研究方向为废水深度处理技术,

, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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林双龙(1988),博士,讲师,研究方向为催化新材料与新技术。主要研究新型光催化、光电催化材料的可控合成、形貌控制与表征,并应用于分解水制氢、降解污染物等过程,

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周二鹏(1979),博士,教授,研究方向为环境催化及洁净技术。主要在医药企业和化工园区废水处理等领域进行科学研究和科技成果转化,

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周二鹏(1979),博士,教授,研究方向为环境催化及洁净技术。主要在医药企业和化工园区废水处理等领域进行科学研究和科技成果转化,

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李贺(1983),高级工程师,主要研究方向为废水深度处理技术,

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李贺(1983),高级工程师,主要研究方向为废水深度处理技术,

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光电协同作用下Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH催化性能的研究
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林双龙 1, 3 , 何超 1 , 齐跃红 1 , 次立杰 1 , 周二鹏 1, * , 李贺 2, *
燃料化学学报(中英文) | RESEARCH PAPER 2026,54(1): 20250130-26-20250130-34
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燃料化学学报(中英文) |RESEARCH PAPER 2026 , 54 (1) : 20250130-26 -20250130-34
光电协同作用下Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH催化性能的研究
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林双龙1, 3 , 何超1, 齐跃红1, 次立杰1, 周二鹏1, * , 李贺2, *
作者信息
  • 1石家庄学院化工学院 石家庄市低碳能源材料重点实验室, 河北 石家庄 050035
  • 2河北华北制药华恒药业有限公司, 河北 石家庄 050035
  • 3石家庄科佳建筑工程技术有限公司, 河北 石家庄 050035
通讯作者:
作者简介:

林双龙(1988),博士,讲师,研究方向为催化新材料与新技术。主要研究新型光催化、光电催化材料的可控合成、形貌控制与表征,并应用于分解水制氢、降解污染物等过程,

周二鹏(1979),博士,教授,研究方向为环境催化及洁净技术。主要在医药企业和化工园区废水处理等领域进行科学研究和科技成果转化,

李贺(1983),高级工程师,主要研究方向为废水深度处理技术,

Study on the catalytic performance of Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH under photoelectric synergy
Shuanglong LIN1, 3 , Chao HE1, Yuehong QI1, Lijie CI1, Erpeng ZHOU1, * , He LI2, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang University, Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Energy Materials, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
  • 2Hebei Huabei Pharmaceutical Huaheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
  • 3Shijiazhuang Ke Jia Architectural Engineering Technology Co., ltd, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
出版时间: 2026-01-01 doi: 10.3724/2097-213X.2025.JFCT.0019
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本工作通过水热法、沉淀法和光还原法制备Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH,并在光电协同的条件下催化降解目标产物:亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液,通过降解率研究样品的催化活性。对所制备的材料进行一系列表征以及活性测试,确定了样品的物质组成、微观形貌和粒径尺寸等;使用电化学工作站表征材料的电化学性能等参数;探究不同修饰量Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的降解率确定催化剂的最佳修饰量;对样品进行多次测试循环实验表征该催化剂的回收性能;进行淬灭实验确定该催化剂的反应机理。本研究证明了12.5%的Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的光电协同降解率最高,降解率为90.97%。通过XRD、SEM、UV-vis、FT-IR等表征方式证明了Ag@AgBr修饰到MgAl-LDH上,同时材料具有较好的亲水性;对Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH进行了一系列的电化学测试表征电化学性能,表明该复合电极材料具有较低的禁带宽度和阻抗,较高的催化降解能力和活性位点;在对该材料进行五次循环实验后,依然具有很高的降解率,因此,发现该复合材料具有良好的稳定性,催化剂损失较少且降解率没有明显下降;使用不同的淬灭剂淬灭Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH在光电协同降解过程中的活性物种,实验结果表明,该过程中的活性物种为h+和$\cdot {\mathrm{O}}_2^- $;结合本实验中一系列的表征和测试结果,探索了Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH在降解过程中的电子转移机理。

亚甲基蓝  /  Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH  /  光电催化

In this paper, the Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH complex was prepared by hydrothermal, precipitation and photoreduction methods, and the target product, methylene blue (MB) solution, was catalytically degraded under the condition of photoelectric synergy, and the catalytic activity of the samples was studied by the degradation rate. By combining with Ag@AgBr, Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH composite photocatalytic materials can be prepared. Ag@AgBr has the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect, and a certain voltage is applied to it by an electrochemical workstation, which can promote the efficient separation of photogenerated electrons from holes and greatly reduce the recombination of the two, and greatly improve the activity of catalytic degradation. This study provides an effective solution to the environmental problems caused by pollution such as industrial wastewater and organic dyes, and has important research value and application prospects. During the experiment, the photocatalytic performance of the sample was studied by the difference in the degradation rate of the sample to the methylene blue solution. Through a series of chemical characterization and photoelectric activity tests such as XRD and SEM of the prepared materials, the material composition, microscopic morphology and particle size and other parameters of the samples were determined. Parameters such as the electrochemical properties of materials are characterized by the use of potentiostats; The optimal modification amount of the catalyst was determined by exploring the degradation rate of the composite under different Ag@AgBr modification amounts of the sample. The recovery performance of the catalyst was characterized by multiple test cycle experiments on the samples. The reaction mechanism of the catalyst was determined by quenching experiments; The reaction mechanism of the active substance was determined by quenching the experiment. Through experiments, it is proved that when the Ag@AgBr modification amount is 12.5%, the photoelectric synergistic degradation rate of Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH is the highest, and the degradation rate can reach 90.97%. Through XRD, SEM, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) characterization of the material, it was proved that the Ag@AgBr was successfully modified to MgAl-LDH, and the material also had good hydrophilic properties. A series of electrochemical performance tests were carried out on Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH by electrochemical workstation to characterize the electrochemical properties of the materials, and the results showed that the composite electrode materials had low barrier widths and impedances, high catalytic degradation ability, and more catalytic reaction active sites. After 5 cycle experiments, the material still has a high degradation rate, so it can be found that the composite material has very good stability, less catalyst loss and no significant degradation rate. The experimental results show that the active species in the process of photoelectric synergistic degradation of Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH are quenched by using different quenchers, and the experimental results show that the active species in the process are h+ and ${\cdot {\mathrm{O}}_2^- }$. Finally, combined with a series of characterization and test results in this experiment, the electron transfer mechanism of the Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH complex during the degradation process was further explored.

methylene blue  /  Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH  /  electrically assisted photocatalysis
林双龙, 何超, 齐跃红, 次立杰, 周二鹏, 李贺. 光电协同作用下Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH催化性能的研究. 燃料化学学报(中英文), 2026 , 54 (1) : 20250130-26 -20250130-34 . DOI: 10.3724/2097-213X.2025.JFCT.0019
Shuanglong LIN, Chao HE, Yuehong QI, Lijie CI, Erpeng ZHOU, He LI. Study on the catalytic performance of Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH under photoelectric synergy[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2026 , 54 (1) : 20250130-26 -20250130-34 . DOI: 10.3724/2097-213X.2025.JFCT.0019
生态环境风险防范和环境污染治理是推进构建美丽中国的重要保障,水环境污染成为人口大国面临的严峻问题[1]。当下,由于经济社会的发展,大量生态环境问题也随之暴露出来[2],水资源稀缺状况更加严重。水体污染物来源广、种类多,部分长期留存,损害人体器官组织,水资源污染问题备受关注。
结合了光催化(PC)和电催化(EC)工艺的光电协同催化降解(PEC)的新型技术,其优点在于:电荷分离效率高、催化活性高、能耗低并且催化剂可重复利用,还解决了催化剂粉末难以回收和重复反应的循环利用问题。光电协同催化降解的过程主要是电子迁移到半导体和对电极的表面;从材料中分离的电子和空穴会直接或间接参与氧化还原反应,生成具有降解能力的活性物质与有机染料发生化学反应,从而将有机染料降解为无污染的物质[3–4]。
可见光区的光子能量大于其带隙能量的材料称作可见光催化材料。由于现阶段光催化技术存在材料对紫外光的依赖性较强[5],因此,需要制备一种具有较窄带隙的可见光催化材料。窄带隙可以更好地利用太阳光,吸收除了紫外区以外的光,明显提高了对太阳能的利用。在过去的几十年中,卤化银AgX (X=Cl、Br、I)是一种重要的无机光敏材料,近年来,具有光催化活性的卤化银也逐渐被人们关注并研究,但是由于其稳定性差,无法在长时间下使用,因此,一般会与其他材料复合作用用于催化实验[6]。Ma等[7]和Zhu等[8]的研究发现,银/卤化银是一种具有表面等离子体共振效应的可见光催化剂,若用银颗粒覆盖住溴化银,能够明显克服其见光分解的局限性,进而表现出优良的光催化活性。银/卤化银是一种对可见光具有非常强响应的窄带隙光催化材料[9],在光催化降解有机染料净化水资源等领域可以发挥巨大的作用。因此,该材料被视为一种具有光明前景的新型光催化材料[10]。
水滑石(LDHs)是一类具有层状结构的金属氢氧化物,具有化学稳定性好、催化性、酸碱性和层间阴离子可调的性质[11],而其中的镁铝水滑石由于具有独特的结构和组成以及优良的催化降解性能等,受到科研人员的广泛关注。在近些年广泛地应用于人类生产生活的诸多领域。
最初阶段研究人员所制备的水滑石在分散性和功能性等多个方面存在一定的缺陷,Kim等[12]以ZnAl-LDHs作为前体,通过焙烧将金属Cu和Co进行掺杂制备复合金属氧化物,以此来弥补水滑石材料的诸多缺陷。一系列实验发现,在修饰后水滑石的吸附性能有了明显的提高[13–14],起主要增强作用的就是金属元素与水滑石中的金属络合。
本工作针对MgAl-LDH具有较大的禁带宽度无法接收可见光发生催化降解反应这一问题,采用水滑石与Ag@AgBr复合,制备出Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH复合型光阳极光电催化材料。Ag@AgBr具有表面等离子体共振(SPR)效应,并且由于合理的价带和导带位置,AgBr能与其他半导体之间形成异质结构,通过电化学工作站对其外加一定的电压,有效促进光生电子与空穴的分离并且显著降低两者重新复合的概率,极大地提高了催化降解的活性[15–16]。还可以在反应过程中通过改变AgNO3的量调整催化剂的修饰量,进而探究该催化剂的最佳修饰量。制备Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH光电催化材料,既可以克服催化剂颗粒稳定性差的缺点,也可以有效降低MgAl-LDH的禁带宽度,提高光电催化材料对可见光的吸收效果和催化降解速率。这一研究为工业废水以及有机染料等污染引起的环境问题提供一条解决方案,具有重要的研究价值和应用前景。
按照物质的量比分别称取4.88 g的MgCl2·6H2O、3.00 g的Al(NO3)3·9H2O、0.42 g无水碳酸钠(Na2CO3)和2.56 g氢氧化钠(NaOH)。将前两者倒入烧杯A中,溶解搅拌得到溶液A;将后两者倒入烧杯B中,溶解搅拌得到溶液B;在磁力搅拌器上将B缓慢加入A中得到混合液C,反应一段时间将上述混合溶液倒入反应釜,放至电热鼓风干燥箱60 °C恒温陈化10 h;待反应釜冷却至室温,将样品离心一段时间后,倒出上层清液,用水多次洗涤至中性,取出沉淀物放入干燥箱中,在100 ℃的温度下干燥6 h,烘干完成后研磨,装袋。即得镁铝水滑石(MgAL-LDH)。
称取一定质量的MgAl-LDH,加入50 mL的蒸馏水,搅拌均匀后按修饰量加入一定量的AgNO3,混合后超声一段时间,剧烈搅拌使AgNO3完全溶解并均匀分散在溶液中,称取一定量的NaBr,加蒸馏水溶解后加到上述悬浊液中,使用氙灯照射将溴化银还原成单质银。通过AgNO3控制所制备Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的修饰量。最终将混合物离心,倒出上清液,沉淀用蒸馏水洗三次,洗去过量的NaBr,在60 ℃下干燥12 h。可通过以上方法制得修饰量分别为7.5%、10%、12.5%、15%和17.5%的Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH催化材料(标记为%Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH)。
ITO玻璃清洗(10−20片),无水乙醇超声处理0.5 h,光化学反应仪汞灯照射2 h,按当量比称取一定质量的催化剂与聚乙烯醇2000溶液混合均匀,涂布在导电玻璃有电阻的一侧,放入烘箱中在100 ℃下烘干30 min。
通过对所制备的材料进行X射线衍射(XRD)分析,得出制备材料的物质组成及含量;使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析材料在微观下单形貌和尺寸;通过紫外-可见漫反射(UV-vis)积分球测量材料在300−600 nm下的吸光度,并计算得到其禁带宽度;采用傅里叶红外分析仪(FT-IR)对材料的分子结构和化学组成进行分析;利用光学水接触测试仪表征催化剂表面的亲水性。
电化学工作站分析材料的电化学性能,将催化剂与聚乙烯醇2000溶液混合均匀涂布在导电玻璃有电阻的一侧,烘干。向容器中加入100 mL的NaCl溶液,连接电极与电化学工作站:白色参比电极夹甘汞,红色对电极夹铂丝,绿色工作电极夹制备好的材料电极,用氙灯作为光源模拟外界环境光。
使用电化学工作站对样品进行莫特-肖特基测试(Mott-Schottky)、交流阻抗测试(EIS)、线性扫描伏安曲线测试(LSV)、循环伏安曲线测试(CV)、光电流曲线测试(I-T)[17]。
探究Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的最佳修饰量:将制备好的催化剂电极放入容器,并向烧杯中加入100 mL 0.01 g/L的MB溶液,连接电极与电化学工作站:分别测试光催化、黑暗环境下电催化以及光电协同作用下不同修饰量的Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH样品的降解效率。氙灯添加石英滤光片,功率为300 W。每隔30 min取样,离心分离后取上清液,2 h结束反应,通过计算降解率以探究其最佳修饰量。
使用紫外-可见分光光度计进行光谱扫描,利用公式(1)计算降解率。
$ {\mathrm{Degradation\;rate}}=\dfrac{(C_0-C)}{C_0} \times 100\%$
图1为Ag@AgBr、MgAl-LDH和Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的FT-IR谱图。
由图1可知,对于MgAl-LDH,1642和3590 cm–1处的强峰属于羟基的弯曲振动和伸缩振动。在1377 cm–1处有一个较强的伸缩振动峰,可能是由于水滑石制备过程中N−O键没有完全去除。由于Ag@AgBr是无机物,因此,没有显著的伸缩振动和弯曲振动峰。同时发现图1中Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的峰强度明显大于MgAl-LDH,这是由于在制样时未控制好质量统一,Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH样品过厚导致峰强度增大。
由图2可以看出,水滴在材料表面呈椭圆状,MgAl-LDH和Ag@AgBr的接触角分别为17.5°和39°,Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的接触角23°相较于MgAl-LDH有所提高。电极材料的左接触角为32.0°,右接触角为43.5°,由于制样时无法保证涂布平整,因此,材料的左右接触角不一致,其平均接触角37.7°较Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH略有提高,是由于加入了聚乙烯醇增大了材料的接触角。以上材料对水溶液均有较好的亲和力,有利于与水溶液中的有机染料充分结合并发生催化反应。
图3(a)是样品的XRD谱图。由图3可以看出,2θ为26°、31°等位置处出现了明显的AgBr的特征峰,与AgBr的标准卡片PDF#79-0148的特征衍射峰位置一致,44°和77°是Ag单质的特征峰,与Ag的标准卡片PDF#87-0718的特征衍射峰位置一致,由图可以发现,所制备的样品峰强度较高并且形状尖锐,底部狭窄,证明该材料的结晶度较好。MgAl-LDH的XRD谱图中可以看到,其在2θ为11°、23°等位置的多个特征峰,是MgAl-LDH的典型特征峰,但其峰型较宽,结晶度较低。在制备Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH时材料的特征峰没有发现明显的偏移,并且以上三种物质的特征峰均在Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH中有所体现,说明在修饰的过程中并没有影响到材料的原本晶体结构,制备出了Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH这一复合材料。
图3(b)是单体样品纯度及复合物修饰量。由图3(b)可以看出,所制备的Ag@AgBr和MgAl-LDH的纯度很高,理论修饰量分别为10%、12.5%和15%的Ag@AgBr含量依次为10.2%、12.7%和15.5%,与理论基本一致。
图4(a)和(b)分别为MgAl-LDH和Ag@AgBr的扫描电镜图像,从图中可以看出,MgAl-LDH呈不均匀的层块状,层片厚度大约为1 μm,表面有明显的突起与坑洞;Ag@AgBr则呈现为2 μm左右的规则颗粒状结构,整体粒径较为均匀,没有出现异常长大的晶粒,但部分颗粒发生了团聚的现象,可能是由于在搅拌的过程中没有使溶液充分混合均匀。图4(c)和(d)是不同放大倍数下Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的扫描电镜图像,可以看出,经过修饰后球块状的Ag@AgBr分散在MgAl-LDH的表面,与图4(b)相比,Ag@AgBr晶体的粒径有一定程度的增大,可能是由于水滑石的溶液较黏稠,在反应时AgNO3没有完全分散在溶液中导致Ag@AgBr发生团聚。但由以上图片仍可以看出,Ag@AgBr与MgAl-LDH的成功复合。
图5(a)为Ag@AgBr、MgAl-LDH和Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的紫外-可见漫反射图像,从该图中可以看出,Ag@AgBr对光的吸收程度明显高于MgAl-LDH。并且MgAl-LDH的吸光度从350 nm左右开始明显增加,而Ag@AgBr在波长500 nm左右就开始增加,修饰后材料的吸光度变化的起始位置从500 nm左右迁移到450 nm左右,说明其对可见光的吸收范围有一定程度的改善,可以更高效的利用可见光的能量。这表明,Ag@AgBr的修饰改善了MgAl-LDH的光响应能力。
图5(b)为Ag@AgBr、MgAl-LDH和Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的UV-vis数据分析,对得到的吸光度数据进行处理,公式(2)为:
$ {\left(\alpha hv\right)}^{\tfrac{1}{m}}=B\left(hv-E_{\mathrm{g}}\right) $
从图5(b)可以看出,经过Ag@AgBr修饰后,禁带宽度明显下降,且修饰量与禁带宽度的下降程度成正比,这可以提高材料对太阳光和移动电荷的利用,提高材料的光电催化性能。
莫特-肖特基(Mott-Schottky)测试可以确定半导体的类型和平带电位,与紫外可见漫反射测试相互结合确定导带与价带的位置。使用电化学工作站测得材料的阻抗,根据式(3)和(4)计算得出材料的平带电位:
$ C=\frac{-1}{2\pi fZ''} $
$ E=\frac{1}{{C}^{2}} $
图6为Ag@AgBr、MgAl-LDH和Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的Mott-Schottky(a)和EIS(b)谱图。由图6(a)可以发现,Ag@AgBr的斜率为负,MgAl-LDH的斜率为正,说明前者为 p 型半导体材料,后者为n型半导体材料,Ag@AgBr和MgAl-LDH的平带电势分别是−0.62和2.87 eV,对于 n 型半导体而言,平带电位比导带电位正0.1−0.3 eV;对于 p 型半导体而言,平带电位比价带电位负 0.1−0.3 eV,由此可以算出Ag@AgBr的导带为0.18 eV,MgAl-LDH的价带为4.11 eV。而Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH呈现出倒V形,说明两种材料结合在了一起。
交流阻抗测试(EIS)是探究电化学反应速率的一种有效的方式。由图6(b)可以看出,在高频区Ag@AgBr和Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的阻抗差别不大,都明显大于MgAl-LDH本体。在低频区,由于MgAl-LDH相较于其他两者含有更多的金属离子,MgAl-LDH的离子迁移率明显大于其他两者。
线性扫描伏安曲线测试(LSV)是在电极之间施加一个随时间变化的电压,记录电流变化的一种电化学测试方法。由图7(a)可以发现,Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH具有最大的电流密度,而MgAl-LDH在外加电压大于0.17 V后,电流密度开始大于Ag@AgBr,这是由于Ag@AgBr的禁带宽度较小,因此,在低电压时电子的跃迁效率较高起到了主导作用。
通过光电流测试(I-T)的大小反应材料光生电子空穴的分离效率。由图7(b)可以发现,以上三种材料对光照都有响应,其中,Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的响应强度最大,而MgAl-LDH几乎没有光响应电流,这是由于Ag@AgBr具有较低的禁带宽度,可以有效的利用氙灯光照的能量使得电子发生迁移。经过Ag@AgBr的修饰,Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的光电流有显著的提高,这一现象可以证明Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH比另外两者有更强的光利用率。
图8(a)为不同修饰量的Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH光催化、电催化以及光电协同下降解MB的对照实验,由图8(a)可以看出,7.5%−12.5%Ag@AgBr修饰量的增加使Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的催化活性得到提升,这是由于MgAl-LDH的禁带宽度较大,较低修饰量的Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH难以起到改善作用,而增加修饰量可以有效降低禁带宽度。但是当Ag@AgBr的修饰量超过12.5%,降解率呈现出逐渐减小的趋势,这是由于修饰量过高会有一部分Ag@AgBr无法得到充分利用,且Ag@AgBr的电化学阻抗比较大,当修饰量过高时,电极的阻抗过大,电流减小无法高效利用外部电子,从而降低材料的电催化性能。在该图中可以得出12.5%是Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的最佳修饰量。
图8(b)为12.5%修饰量的Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH在电催化、光催化和光电协同下对MB和四环素的降解率以及与Ag@AgBr和MgAl-LDH光电协同下的对比。在等当量的条件下,Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH光电协同降解MB和四环素的降解率高达90.97%和78.62%,从而证明了复合后材料降解性能有一定的提高,并且可以发现,Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH对不同的污染物都具有很强的降解能力,与Yuan等[18]和于佳慧等[19]所制备的NiFe2O4和BiVO4催化材料相比具有更高的降解能力。是一种优秀的催化降解材料。
图9(a)为12.5%Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH降解MB的光谱扫描图像。由图9(a)可以看出,MB的最大吸收波长在664 nm附近,随着降解反应的进行最大吸收波长的位置没有发生明显的偏移。并且采用光谱扫描的方式取其峰值来计算,可以更加准确计算出材料对MB的降解率。
图9(b)为12.5%Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH光电协同循环实验,本实验共进行了五次循环实验。降解率分别为97.53%、95.7%、93.66%、93.55%和93.67%,由图可知,该复合物在五次循环后对MB的降解率没有明显下降,但由于样品在使用过程中质量有轻微的损失,因此,降解率的降低是正常现象。总体看来Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH这一光电催化材料具有优良的稳定性。
通过用EDTA-2Na捕获h+、异丙醇捕获·OH−、抗坏血酸捕获$\cdot {\mathrm{O}}_2^- $来探究Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH在光电协同降解反应中的主要活性物质。由图10(a)可以看出,加入IPA对该电极材料的光电协同催化性能影响较小,而VC使Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的降解率下降到16.6%。EDTA-2Na使Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的降解率下降到48.3%,由此可以看出,·OH−在化学反应过程中起到的作用较低,而h+和$\cdot {\mathrm{O}}_2^- $是参与反应的主要活性物种。
图10(b)是Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH光电协同降解过程中电荷的转移过程以及降解的机理示意图,在反应体系中,当光照到催化剂表面时,光阳极材料中价带的电子会被激发形成光生电子跃迁到导带上,并在价带上留下空穴,同时电化学工作站对该降解系统施加电压来促进光生电子和空穴的分离,在反应过程中也可以抑制两者重新复合,跃迁的电子会转移到MgAl-LDH上,而空穴则转移到Ag@AgBr上,电子与空穴与在材料表面和溶液中的O2和H2O结合反应生成$\cdot {\mathrm{O}}_2^- $和·OH−。最终活性物质与目标降解物发生氧化还原反应。
本工作采用了共沉淀法制备了不同修饰量的Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH;并且通过XRD、SEM、UV-vis、FT-IR等表征方式证明了Ag@AgBr修饰到MgAl-LDH上,同时材料具有较好的亲水性;对材料进行一系列的电化学测试,可以发现,该电极材料具有较低的禁带宽度和阻抗,有较高的催化降解能力和活性位点;探究其最佳修饰量结果表明,12.5%>Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH的降解效率最高;通过对比实验发现,光电协同降解MB在更短的时间内具有更高的降解效率,降解效率高达90.97%;经过五次循环实验,发现其降解率仅下降3.86%,并且质量没有明显的损失,证明该电极具有很好的稳定性;通过淬灭剂探究Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH在降解过程中的主要活性物种,实验表明,该过程中的活性物种为h+和$\cdot {\mathrm{O}}_2^- $;最终结合本实验中一系列的表征和测试结果,对Ag@AgBr/MgAl-LDH在降解过程中的电子转移机理进行了进一步的探索研究。

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2026年第54卷第1期
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doi: 10.3724/2097-213X.2025.JFCT.0019
  • 接收时间:2025-05-28
  • 首发时间:2026-09-23
  • 出版时间:2026-01-01
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-28
  • 修回日期:2025-07-04
  • 录用日期:2025-07-17
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    1石家庄学院化工学院 石家庄市低碳能源材料重点实验室, 河北 石家庄 050035
    2河北华北制药华恒药业有限公司, 河北 石家庄 050035
    3石家庄科佳建筑工程技术有限公司, 河北 石家庄 050035

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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