Article(id=1295064950804869287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1295064874678252123, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202504064, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1744732800000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-16, revisedDate=1747152000000, revisedDateStr=2025-05-14, acceptedDate=1747756800000, acceptedDateStr=2025-05-21, onlineDate=1786697145415, onlineDateStr=2026-08-14, pubDate=1774368000000, pubDateStr=2026-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1786697145415, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-08-14, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1786697145415, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1786697145415, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1295064874678252123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2026', volume='55', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='184', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1774368000000', pubDateStr='2026-03-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1786697127264, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1786698874628, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1295072203708592834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1295064874678252123, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1295072203708592835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1295064874678252123, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=150, endPage=157, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1295064950989418664, articleId=1295064950804869287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Study on corrosion behavior of low temperature heating surface in the ammonia-coal co-combustion mode, columnId=1295064897772086250, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=New power generation technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Ammonia-coal co-firing mode for power generation can significantly reduce the carbon emission level of the unit. But when the ammonia blending ratio is too high, the ammonia blending/pure ammonia burner is not properly arranged, and the ammonia-coal co-combustion effect is not good, the escaped ammonia will react with SO2/SO3 at low temperature, increasing the risk of corrosion and fouling on low temperature heating surfaces. To solve this problem, 168-hours continuous corrosion experiments of No.20 and ND steel specimens in an oxidizing atmosphere of NH3-SO2-O2-CO2-H2O(g)-N2 at 250 ℃ and 150 ℃ were carried out. The effects of temperature, NH3 volume fraction and fly ash coating on the corrosion rate of metal specimens were mainly investigated, and the corroded metal specimens and ash samples were analyzed in terms of micro-morphology and mineral phase. The experimental results showed that the average corrosion rate of ND steel specimens decreased by 58% when the volume fraction of ammonia was increased from 0.002 5% to 0.005 0%. The corrosion rate of No.20 steel coated with fly ash was significantly accelerated in the atmosphere of NH3 with volume fraction of 0.005%, and the average corrosion rate reached 0.003 6 mg/(cm2·h). Elevating temperature significantly accelerated the corrosion rate. ND steel coated with fly ash showed the fastest average corrosion rate at 250 ℃ (0.011 2 mg/(cm2·h)). At 250 ℃, CaSO3 was newly generated and it was detected in the ND steel-coated ash samples, which may have promoted adhesion among ash particles. After the corrosion of No.20 steel coated with fly ash at 150 ℃, the ash sample had a serious agglomeration effect, which is mainly due to the newly generated NH4HSO4 and (NH4)2SO3 promoting the agglomeration effect among ash particles. In the future, when a large proportion of ammonia is mixed with coal-fired units, especially when medium and high sulfur coal is used, special attention should be paid to the change of fly ash characteristics and the risk of fouling and corrosion on low temperature heating surfaces.

, authors=Yang HAN1, Jiaqi LI2, Ping LIU3, Mengdi KONG3, Yanjie LIU4, Yibin WANG4, Houzhang TAN4, authorsList=Yang HAN, Jiaqi LI, Ping LIU, Mengdi KONG, Yanjie LIU, Yibin WANG, Houzhang TAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yibin WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1295064954663628989, articleId=1295064950804869287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=CN, title=氨─煤混燃模式下低温受热面腐蚀行为研究, columnId=1295064897931469804, journalTitle=热力发电, columnName=新型发电技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

氨-煤混燃发电模式能够显著降低机组的碳排放水平,但当掺氨量过高、混氨/纯氨燃烧器布置不当以及氨煤混燃效果不佳时,逃逸的氨气在低温下会同SO2/SO3发生反应,增加低温受热面发生腐蚀和积灰堵塞的风险。因此,开展了250 ℃和150 ℃下NH3-SO2-O2-CO2-H2O(g)-N2氧化性气氛中20号钢和ND钢试样的168 h连续腐蚀实验,主要探究温度、NH3体积分数和飞灰涂覆对金属试样腐蚀速率的影响,并对腐蚀后金属试样和灰样进行了微观形貌和矿化物相分析。结果表明:氨气体积分数从0.002 5%增至0.005 0%,ND钢试样的平均腐蚀速率下降了58%;涂灰20号钢则是在NH3体积分数为0.005%的气氛下腐蚀速率明显加快,其平均腐蚀速率达到0.003 6 mg/(cm2∙h);升高温度显著加快了腐蚀速率,涂灰ND钢在250 ℃下的平均腐蚀速率最快,达到0.011 2 mg/(cm2∙h);250 ℃,ND钢涂灰灰样中检测出新生成的CaSO3,其可能促进了灰颗粒之间的黏连;在150 ℃下涂灰20号钢腐蚀后灰样出现了严重的板结团聚现象,其主要是由于新生成的NH4HSO4和(NH42SO3促进了灰颗粒间的团聚效应;未来燃煤机组大比例掺烧氨气后,尤其是燃用中、高硫煤时,需要特别关注飞灰特性变化和低温受热面发生积灰腐蚀风险。

, authors=韩阳1, 李佳奇2, 刘平3, 孔梦迪3, 刘延杰4, 王毅斌4, 谭厚章4, authorsList=韩阳, 李佳奇, 刘平, 孔梦迪, 刘延杰, 王毅斌, 谭厚章, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王毅斌, authorNote=

韩阳(1971),男,高级工程师,长期从事发电企业安全与设备管理工作,

, correspAuthorsNote=
王毅斌(1990),男,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向为积灰结渣腐蚀,
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=PpTmNdd96KZFe20nr+8rwQ==, magXml=NV3IrSwmCOPnvu8qk9/hiA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=tX401KZbrcLu47uHicKWNw==, pdfFileSize=1288843, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=4y/P3BflfSKCARwFbLjKpg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=2ie1wtWjGigKitQNZXbw2w==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1295064955238248651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=16126013@ceic.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955301163213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955238248651, language=EN, stringName=Yang HAN, firstName=Yang, middleName=null, lastName=HAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Guangdong Branch, China Shenhua Energy Co., Ltd. Guangzhou 510000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955359883470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955238248651, language=CN, stringName=韩阳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.中国神华能源股份有限公司广东分公司,广东 广州 510000, bio={"content":"

韩阳(1971),男,高级工程师,长期从事发电企业安全与设备管理工作,

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

韩阳(1971),男,高级工程师,长期从事发电企业安全与设备管理工作,

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064954902704318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064954906898623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064954902704318, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Guangdong Branch, China Shenhua Energy Co., Ltd. Guangzhou 510000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064954915287232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064954902704318, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中国神华能源股份有限公司广东分公司,广东 广州 510000)])]), Author(id=1295064955443769552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955519267026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955443769552, language=EN, stringName=Jiaqi LI, firstName=Jiaqi, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.China Energy Investment Group Limited Liability Company, Beijing 100011, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955594764499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955443769552, language=CN, stringName=李佳奇, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.国家能源投资集团有限责任公司,北京 100011, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064954999173313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955003367618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064954999173313, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.China Energy Investment Group Limited Liability Company, Beijing 100011, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955020144835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064954999173313, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.国家能源投资集团有限责任公司,北京 100011)])]), Author(id=1295064955678650581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955745759447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955678650581, language=EN, stringName=Ping LIU, firstName=Ping, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955808674008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955678650581, language=CN, stringName=刘平, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司,山东 烟台 264006, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064955066282180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955074670789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955066282180, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955083059398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955066282180, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司,山东 烟台 264006)])]), Author(id=1295064955875782874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955959668956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955875782874, language=EN, stringName=Mengdi KONG, firstName=Mengdi, middleName=null, lastName=KONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064956043555037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955875782874, language=CN, stringName=孔梦迪, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司,山东 烟台 264006, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064955066282180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955074670789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955066282180, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955083059398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955066282180, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司,山东 烟台 264006)])]), Author(id=1295064956119052511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064956190355681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064956119052511, language=EN, stringName=Yanjie LIU, firstName=Yanjie, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064956249075938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064956119052511, language=CN, stringName=刘延杰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064955141779655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955150168264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955158556873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049)])]), Author(id=1295064957939380452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=ybwang6639@mail.xjtu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064958031655142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064957939380452, language=EN, stringName=Yibin WANG, firstName=Yibin, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064958119735527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064957939380452, language=CN, stringName=王毅斌, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064955141779655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955150168264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955158556873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049)])]), Author(id=1295064958207815913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064958300090603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064958207815913, language=EN, stringName=Houzhang TAN, firstName=Houzhang, middleName=null, lastName=TAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064958375588076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064958207815913, language=CN, stringName=谭厚章, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064955141779655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955150168264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955158556873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1295064958467862765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=ammonia-coal co-firing), Keyword(id=1295064958534971630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=low temperature corrosion), Keyword(id=1295064958602080495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=ammonium salts), Keyword(id=1295064958673383664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=fouling), Keyword(id=1295064958753075441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=氨煤混燃), Keyword(id=1295064958836961522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=低温腐蚀), Keyword(id=1295064958904070387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=铵盐), Keyword(id=1295064958962790644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=积灰)], refs=[Reference(id=1295064962951573778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=国家统计局, journalName=中华人民共和国2024年国民经济和社会发展统计公报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=国家统计局. 中华人民共和国2024年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[R/OL]. (2025-02-28)[2025-05-12]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/xxgk/sjfb/zxfb2020/202502/t20250228_1958817.html., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963027071251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=National Bureau of Statistics, journalName=Statistical Bulletin of the National Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China in 2024, refType=null, unstructuredReference=National Bureau of Statistics. Statistical Bulletin of the National Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China in 2024[R/OL]. (2025-02-28)[2025-05-12]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/xxgk/sjfb/zxfb2020/202502/t20250228_1958817.html., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963098374420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=44, issue=29, pageStart=15026, pageEnd=15044, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=WIJAYANTA A T, ODA T, PURNOMO C W, journalName=International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WIJAYANTA A T, ODA T, PURNOMO C W, et al. Liquid hydrogen, methylcyclohexane, and ammonia as potential hydrogen storage: comparison review[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2019, 44(29): 15026-15044., articleTitle=Liquid hydrogen, methylcyclohexane, and ammonia as potential hydrogen storage: comparison review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963186454805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=42, issue=9, pageStart=4603, pageEnd=4615, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=赖诗妮, 江丽霞, 李军, journalName=化工进展, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赖诗妮,江丽霞,李军,. 含碳掺氨燃料的研究进展[J]. 化工进展202342(9):4603-4615., articleTitle=含碳掺氨燃料的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963278729494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=42, issue=9, pageStart=4603, pageEnd=4615, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=LAI Shini, JIANG Lixia, LI Jun, journalName=Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LAI Shini, JIANG Lixia, LI Jun, et al. Research progress of ammonia blended fossil fuel[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(9): 4603-4615., articleTitle=Research progress of ammonia blended fossil fuel, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963345838359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=8, pageStart=63, pageEnd=64, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=中国氯碱, refType=null, unstructuredReference=《煤电低碳化改造建设行动方案(2024—2027年)》发布[J]. 中国氯碱2024(8):63-64., articleTitle=《煤电低碳化改造建设行动方案(2024—2027年)》发布, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963412947224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=8, pageStart=63, pageEnd=64, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=China Chlor-Alkali, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Action Plan for the Transformation and Construction of Decarbonized Coal Power (2024—2027) issued[J]. China Chlor-Alkali, 2024(8): 63-64., articleTitle=Action Plan for the Transformation and Construction of Decarbonized Coal Power (2024—2027) issued, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963496833306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=王颖, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王颖. 基于CFD数值模拟的135 MW四角切圆煤粉炉氨气混燃研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学,2024:1., articleTitle=基于CFD数值模拟的135 MW四角切圆煤粉炉氨气混燃研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963580719387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=WANG Ying, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Ying. Research on ammonia-coal co-firing of a 135 MW tangentially coal-fired utility boiler based on CFD numerical simulation[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2024: 1., articleTitle=Research on ammonia-coal co-firing of a 135 MW tangentially coal-fired utility boiler based on CFD numerical simulation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963660411164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=113, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=9, authorNames=WANG Q, HU Z, SHAO W, journalName=Journal of the Energy Institute, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Q, HU Z, SHAO W, et al. The present situation, challenges, and prospects of the application of ammonia-coal co-firing technology in power plant boilers[J]. Journal of the Energy Institute, 2024, 113: 101531., articleTitle=The present situation, challenges, and prospects of the application of ammonia-coal co-firing technology in power plant boilers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963719131421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=22, issue=4, pageStart=43, pageEnd=47, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=10, authorNames=阮仁晖, 许景元, 崔保崇, journalName=能源科技, refType=null, unstructuredReference=阮仁晖,许景元,崔保崇. 燃煤发电锅炉掺氨燃烧技术研究进展及应用分析[J]. 能源科技202422(4):43-47., articleTitle=燃煤发电锅炉掺氨燃烧技术研究进展及应用分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963777851678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=22, issue=4, pageStart=43, pageEnd=47, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=11, authorNames=RUAN Renhui, XU Jingyuan, CUI Baochong, journalName=Energy Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RUAN Renhui, XU Jingyuan, CUI Baochong. Research progress and application analysis of ammonia blending combustion technology for coal-fired power generation boilers[J]. Energy Science and Technology, 2024, 22(4): 43-47., articleTitle=Research progress and application analysis of ammonia blending combustion technology for coal-fired power generation boilers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963853349151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=267, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=12, authorNames=ZHANG J, ITO T, ISHII H, journalName=Fuel, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG J, ITO T, ISHII H, et al. Numerical investigation on ammonia co-firing in a pulverized coal combustion facility: Effect of ammonia co-firing ratio[J]. Fuel, 2020, 267: 117166., articleTitle=Numerical investigation on ammonia co-firing in a pulverized coal combustion facility: Effect of ammonia co-firing ratio, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064963924652320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=47, issue=3, pageStart=62, pageEnd=67, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=13, authorNames=杨钊, 黄亚继, 黄学希, journalName=热力发电, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨钊,黄亚继,黄学希,. 0.3 MW循环流化床燃煤锅炉SO3脱除试验研究[J]. 热力发电201847(3):62-67., articleTitle=0.3 MW循环流化床燃煤锅炉SO3脱除试验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964000149793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=47, issue=3, pageStart=62, pageEnd=67, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=14, authorNames=YANG Zhao, HUANG Yaji, HUANG Xuexi, journalName=Thermal Power Generation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Zhao, HUANG Yaji, HUANG Xuexi, et al. Experimental study on SO3 removal for a 0.3 MW circulating fluidized bed coal-fired boiler[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2018, 47(3): 62-67., articleTitle=Experimental study on SO3 removal for a 0.3 MW circulating fluidized bed coal-fired boiler, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964084035874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=49, issue=4, pageStart=46, pageEnd=50, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=15, authorNames=牟春华, 王一坤, 白文刚, journalName=热力发电, refType=null, unstructuredReference=牟春华,王一坤,白文刚,. 超低排放改造后烟气余热利用设备存在问题及防治措施[J]. 热力发电202049(4):46-50., articleTitle=超低排放改造后烟气余热利用设备存在问题及防治措施, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964155339043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=49, issue=4, pageStart=46, pageEnd=50, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=16, authorNames=MU Chunhua, WANG Yikun, BAI Wengang, journalName=Thermal Power Generation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MU Chunhua, WANG Yikun, BAI Wengang, et al. Existing problems and control measures of flue gas waste heat utilization equipment after ultra-low emission modification[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2020, 49(4): 46-50., articleTitle=Existing problems and control measures of flue gas waste heat utilization equipment after ultra-low emission modification, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964226642212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=32, issue=5, pageStart=420, pageEnd=424, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=17, authorNames=赵钦新, 张知翔, 杜文智, journalName=动力工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵钦新,张知翔,杜文智,. 模拟气氛下硫酸露点的腐蚀试验研究[J]. 动力工程学报201232(5):420-424., articleTitle=模拟气氛下硫酸露点的腐蚀试验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964289556773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=32, issue=5, pageStart=420, pageEnd=424, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=18, authorNames=ZHAO Qinxin, ZHANG Zhixiang, DU Wenzhi, journalName=Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO Qinxin, ZHANG Zhixiang, DU Wenzhi, et al. Experimental study on sulfuric acid dewpoint corrosion in simulated atmospheric conditions[J]. Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2012, 32(5): 420-424., articleTitle=Experimental study on sulfuric acid dewpoint corrosion in simulated atmospheric conditions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964356665638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=4, issue=6, pageStart=14, pageEnd=22, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=19, authorNames=VAINIO E, LAUREN T, DEMARTINI N, journalName=Journal of Science & Technology for Forest Products and Processes, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VAINIO E, LAUREN T, DEMARTINI N, et al. Understanding low-temperature corrosion in recovery boilers: risk of sulphuric acid dew point corrosion?[J]. Journal of Science & Technology for Forest Products and Processes, 2014, 4(6): 14-22., articleTitle=Understanding low-temperature corrosion in recovery boilers: risk of sulphuric acid dew point corrosion, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964427968807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=378, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=20, authorNames=AN T, WEI B, MA R, journalName=Fuel, refType=null, unstructuredReference=AN T, WEI B, MA R, et al. Study on the high- temperature corrosion mechanism of boiler steel 15CrMoG in ammonia-coal co-firing environment[J]. Fuel, 2024, 378:132892., articleTitle=Study on the high- temperature corrosion mechanism of boiler steel 15CrMoG in ammonia-coal co-firing environment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964507660585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=20, pageStart=86, pageEnd=88, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=21, authorNames=徐广伟, 马志强, 郭靖, journalName=设备管理与维修, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐广伟,马志强,郭靖. 锅炉空预器腐蚀堵塞原因分析及防治[J]. 设备管理与维修2024(20):86-88., articleTitle=锅炉空预器腐蚀堵塞原因分析及防治, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964570575146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=20, pageStart=86, pageEnd=88, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=22, authorNames=XU Guangwei, MA Zhiqiang, GUO Jing, journalName=Plant Maintenance Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Guangwei, MA Zhiqiang, GUO Jing. Boiler air pre-preheater corrosion and clogging reason analysis and prevention and control[J]. Plant Maintenance Engineering, 2024(20): 86-88., articleTitle=Boiler air pre-preheater corrosion and clogging reason analysis and prevention and control, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964637684011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=61, issue=17, pageStart=1858, pageEnd=1876, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=23, authorNames=何雅玲, 汤松臻, 王飞龙, journalName=科学通报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何雅玲,汤松臻,王飞龙,. 中低温烟气换热器气侧积灰、磨损及腐蚀的研究[J]. 科学通报201661(17):1858-1876., articleTitle=中低温烟气换热器气侧积灰、磨损及腐蚀的研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964708987180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=61, issue=17, pageStart=1858, pageEnd=1876, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=24, authorNames=HE Yaling, TANG Songzhen, WANG Feilong, journalName=Chinese Science Bulletin, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HE Yaling, TANG Songzhen, WANG Feilong, et al. Gas-side fouling, erosion and corrosion of heat exchanger for middle and low temperature flue gas waste heat recovery[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2016, 61(17): 1858-1876., articleTitle=Gas-side fouling, erosion and corrosion of heat exchanger for middle and low temperature flue gas waste heat recovery, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964792873261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=25, authorNames=张盛超, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张盛超. 改性焊条焊接碳钢焊缝在亚硫酸铵介质中的耐蚀性研究[D]. 西安:西安理工大学,2007:1., articleTitle=改性焊条焊接碳钢焊缝在亚硫酸铵介质中的耐蚀性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964847399214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=26, authorNames=ZHANG Shengchao, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Shengchao. Study on the corrosion resistance of carbon steel welding seam welded by modified welding rod in the ammonium sulfite solution[D]. Xi’an: Xi’an University of Technology, 2007: 1., articleTitle=Study on the corrosion resistance of carbon steel welding seam welded by modified welding rod in the ammonium sulfite solution, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964914508079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=11, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=27, authorNames=周培焱, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周培焱. 硫酸盐胶凝特性对飞灰板结成垢的影响[D]. 北京:华北电力大学,2023:11., articleTitle=硫酸盐胶凝特性对飞灰板结成垢的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064964973228336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=11, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=28, authorNames=ZHOU Peiyan, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHOU Peiyan. Effect of sulfate gelation characteristics on fouling of fly ash board[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2023: 11., articleTitle=Effect of sulfate gelation characteristics on fouling of fly ash board, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064965044531505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=20, pageStart=6609, pageEnd=6617, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=29, authorNames=颜鲁, 孙奉仲, 郑鹏, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=颜鲁,孙奉仲,郑鹏. 脱硝伴生硫酸氢铵对空预器壁面粘附机理的实验研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报202040(20):6609-6617., articleTitle=脱硝伴生硫酸氢铵对空预器壁面粘附机理的实验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064965103251762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=20, pageStart=6609, pageEnd=6617, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=30, authorNames=YAN Lu, SUN Fengzhong, ZHENG Peng, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YAN Lu, SUN Fengzhong, ZHENG Peng. Experimental study on the adhesion mechanism of ammonium bisulfate associated with denitration to the wall of air preheater[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(20): 6609-6617., articleTitle=Experimental study on the adhesion mechanism of ammonium bisulfate associated with denitration to the wall of air preheater, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1295064962767024400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, awardId=51906198, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(51906198), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1295064962855104785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, awardId=51906198, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(51906198), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064954902704318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064954906898623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064954902704318, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Guangdong Branch, China Shenhua Energy Co., Ltd. Guangzhou 510000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064954915287232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064954902704318, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中国神华能源股份有限公司广东分公司,广东 广州 510000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1295064954999173313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955003367618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064954999173313, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.China Energy Investment Group Limited Liability Company, Beijing 100011, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955020144835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064954999173313, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.国家能源投资集团有限责任公司,北京 100011)]), AuthorCompany(id=1295064955066282180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955074670789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955066282180, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955083059398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955066282180, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司,山东 烟台 264006)]), AuthorCompany(id=1295064955141779655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955150168264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955158556873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1295064959084425461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Schematic diagram of the low temperature corrosion test system, figureFileSmall=4AFSUX88fuSB82Z2TbP4zg==, figureFileBig=4y/P3BflfSKCARwFbLjKpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064959147340022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=图1, caption=低温腐蚀实验系统示意, figureFileSmall=4AFSUX88fuSB82Z2TbP4zg==, figureFileBig=4y/P3BflfSKCARwFbLjKpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064959344472311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Weight gain curves under different corrosion test conditions, figureFileSmall=+jdWCo0hZo16UJ5mPSz/6A==, figureFileBig=HtBna4YRGUeWHAHo5BXgbA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064959419969784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同工况下试样腐蚀增重曲线, figureFileSmall=+jdWCo0hZo16UJ5mPSz/6A==, figureFileBig=HtBna4YRGUeWHAHo5BXgbA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064959508050169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=BSE images and elemental mappings of cross sections of the ash-coated ND steel at 250 ℃ and with NH3 volume fraction of 0.002 5%, figureFileSmall=5ffO+xSRs2bovhh7LHPjmA==, figureFileBig=XEpDOv3KsU4/25eu9kDp+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064959575159034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=图3, caption=250 ℃ NH3体积分数0.002 5%下涂灰ND钢横截面BSE图像及元素映射图, figureFileSmall=5ffO+xSRs2bovhh7LHPjmA==, figureFileBig=XEpDOv3KsU4/25eu9kDp+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064959633879291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=BSE images and elemental mappings of a cross-section of No.20 ash-coated steel at 150 ℃ and with NH3 volume fraction of 0.002 5%, figureFileSmall=d/4sj4ZEaiN4z2I+CF2ejg==, figureFileBig=LECeltweiac4f6r6idIVhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064959696793852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=图4, caption=150 ℃ NH3体积分数0.002 5%下涂灰20号钢截面BSE图像及元素映射图, figureFileSmall=d/4sj4ZEaiN4z2I+CF2ejg==, figureFileBig=LECeltweiac4f6r6idIVhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064959759708413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=BSE images and elemental mappings of a cross-section of No.20 ash-coated steel at 150 ℃ with NH3 volume fraction of 0.005 0%, figureFileSmall=wl18VLeLPloPoZBl/Y11bA==, figureFileBig=a5OPSGPy3azN8uww3TPe3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064959835205886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=图5, caption=150 ℃ NH3体积分数0.005 0%下涂灰20号钢截面BSE图像和元素映射图, figureFileSmall=wl18VLeLPloPoZBl/Y11bA==, figureFileBig=a5OPSGPy3azN8uww3TPe3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064959906509055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=BSE images and elemental mappings of cross-section of No.20 ash-coated steel at 250 ℃ and with NH3 volume fraction of 0.002 5%, figureFileSmall=Ictic5W82tPlW7uw+o8mXg==, figureFileBig=bvoWyOMOShpMVo81rx6nzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064959977812224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=图6, caption=250 ℃ NH3体积分数为0.002 5%下20号钢截面BSE图像和元素映射图, figureFileSmall=Ictic5W82tPlW7uw+o8mXg==, figureFileBig=bvoWyOMOShpMVo81rx6nzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064960044921089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=BSE images and elemental mappings of cross-section of ND steel at 150 ℃ and with NH3 volume fraction of 0.005 0%, figureFileSmall=66DXthUr2finOXQVCzbbvQ==, figureFileBig=tBInmmM97rVmUGPqB6lHhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064960124612866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=图7, caption=150 ℃ NH3体积分数0.005 0% ND钢截面BSE图像和元素映射图, figureFileSmall=66DXthUr2finOXQVCzbbvQ==, figureFileBig=tBInmmM97rVmUGPqB6lHhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064960187527427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=BSE images and elemental mappings of cross-section of ND steel at 150 ℃ and with NH3 volume fraction of 0.002 5%, figureFileSmall=j/GBAF2QRKmuyy3tKJFwCQ==, figureFileBig=wvG3AK9tyhGWWx7V8VmGCQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064960275607812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=图8, caption=150 ℃ NH3体积分数0.002 5% ND钢截面BSE图像和元素映射图, figureFileSmall=j/GBAF2QRKmuyy3tKJFwCQ==, figureFileBig=wvG3AK9tyhGWWx7V8VmGCQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064960342716677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=SEM images of different ash samples, figureFileSmall=GDk+OV8oj0l/21pMWRKPqg==, figureFileBig=YW4y13cvlE0nz36WNuD/Zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064960414019846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=图9, caption=不同灰样的SEM图像, figureFileSmall=GDk+OV8oj0l/21pMWRKPqg==, figureFileBig=YW4y13cvlE0nz36WNuD/Zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064960485323015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=XRD patterns of raw fly ash and ND steel coated ash sample, figureFileSmall=61iXcuVKaoNyNRu+ufEmxg==, figureFileBig=J4IvTlWGSapVxM/cNHpe1g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064960560820488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=图10, caption=原灰和负载灰样的XRD图谱, figureFileSmall=61iXcuVKaoNyNRu+ufEmxg==, figureFileBig=J4IvTlWGSapVxM/cNHpe1g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064960640512265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Chemical composition of the metal specimens

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素FeCSiMnPS
20号钢99.0340.2200.2600.4600.0150.011
元素FeCSiMnPSNiCrCuMoSbVAl
ND钢97.8000.0820.3440.4950.0120.0030.0150.9020.2710.0080.0500.0080.010
), ArticleFig(id=1295064960720204042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

金属试样元素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
元素FeCSiMnPS
20号钢99.0340.2200.2600.4600.0150.011
元素FeCSiMnPSNiCrCuMoSbVAl
ND钢97.8000.0820.3440.4950.0120.0030.0150.9020.2710.0080.0500.0080.010
), ArticleFig(id=1295064962427285772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Composition of the fly ash (given as the form of oxides)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SiO2Al2O3CaOFe2O3MgOK2ONa2OSO3TiO2其他
50.7919.8310.969.462.351.771.531.481.050.78
), ArticleFig(id=1295064962506977549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

飞灰成分(以氧化物形式给出)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SiO2Al2O3CaOFe2O3MgOK2ONa2OSO3TiO2其他
50.7919.8310.969.462.351.771.531.481.050.78
), ArticleFig(id=1295064962578280718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Working conditions for low temperature corrosion test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况温度/℃NH3体积分数/%腐蚀试样时间/h
12500.002 520号钢、涂灰ND钢168
21500.002 5涂灰20号钢、ND钢168
31500.005 0涂灰20号钢、ND钢168
), ArticleFig(id=1295064962649583887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

低温腐蚀实验工况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况温度/℃NH3体积分数/%腐蚀试样时间/h
12500.002 520号钢、涂灰ND钢168
21500.002 5涂灰20号钢、ND钢168
31500.005 0涂灰20号钢、ND钢168
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1210938006006558725, delFlag=0, nameCn=热力发电, nameEn=Thermal Power Generation, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1002-3364, eissn=null, cn=61-1111/TM, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IcKGK23kpfWlBK6GqYtS5g==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Thermal Power Generation, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1766639718774, updatedTime=1784018130043, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=R, firstLetterEn=R, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=Engineering, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IcKGK23kpfWlBK6GqYtS5g==, picEn=UzifuamzuAk3uXMVSOtdyA==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1283828346035356554, language=CN, name=热力发电, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1784018130072, updatedTime=1784018130072, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://rlfdauthor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionEditorUrl=https://rlfdeditor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionReviewUrl=https://rlfdauthor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://rlfdeditor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://rlfdeditor.cast.org.cn/webm, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1283828346094076811, language=EN, name=Thermal Power Generation, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1784018130086, updatedTime=1784018130086, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://rlfdauthor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionEditorUrl=https://rlfdeditor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionReviewUrl=https://rlfdauthor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://rlfdeditor.cast.org.cn/webm, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://rlfdeditor.cast.org.cn/webm, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1210938733613449225, websiteList=[Website(id=1210941118787744741, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1210938733613449225, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN, language=CN, createTime=1766640460918, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1766640511525, updateBy=18614031015, name=热力发电-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=热力发电, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1307280923934876518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1789609660371, updateTime=1789609660371, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1307280923905516387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1789609660364, updateTime=1789609660364, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1307280923960042345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1789609660377, updateTime=1789609660377, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1307280923880350562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/file/pic?fileId=ToFA0Lu4b/CNocENDvNjHA==, createTime=1789609660358, updateTime=1789609660358, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1307280923976819563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1789609660381, updateTime=1789609660381, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1307280923926487909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/file/pic, createTime=1789609660369, updateTime=1789609660369, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1307280923968430954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1789609660379, updateTime=1789609660379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1307280923913904996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1789609660366, updateTime=1789609660366, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1307280923943265127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1789609660373, updateTime=1789609660373, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1307280923951653736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=themeStyle, value=.style-1 .main-menu ul>li { margin-right: 18px; }, createTime=1789609660375, updateTime=1789609660375, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1210941118926156777, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1210938733613449225, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN, language=EN, createTime=1766640460950, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1766640598724, updateBy=18614031015, name=热力发电-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Thermal Power Generation, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1218204520857915865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1768372190918, updateTime=1768372190918, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1218204520841138646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1768372190914, updateTime=1768372190914, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1218204520874693084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1768372190922, updateTime=1768372190922, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1218204520828555733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/file/pic?fileId=ToFA0Lu4b/CNocENDvNjHA==, createTime=1768372190911, updateTime=1768372190911, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1218204520887275998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1768372190925, updateTime=1768372190925, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1218204520853721560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/file/pic, createTime=1768372190917, updateTime=1768372190917, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1218204520883081693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1768372190924, updateTime=1768372190924, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1218204520845332951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1768372190915, updateTime=1768372190915, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1218204520866304474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1768372190920, updateTime=1768372190920, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1218204520870498779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=themeStyle, value=.style-1 .main-menu ul>li { margin-right: 15px; }, createTime=1768372190921, updateTime=1768372190921, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=热力发电, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Thermal Power Generation, journalPhotoCn=IcKGK23kpfWlBK6GqYtS5g==, journalPhotoEn=UzifuamzuAk3uXMVSOtdyA==, journalFirstLetter=R, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202504064, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202504064, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/PDF/10.19666/j.rlfd.202504064, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/PDF/10.19666/j.rlfd.202504064, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1774368000000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
氨─煤混燃模式下低温受热面腐蚀行为研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
韩阳 1 , 李佳奇 2 , 刘平 3 , 孔梦迪 3 , 刘延杰 4 , 王毅斌 4 , 谭厚章 4
热力发电 | 新型发电技术 2026,55(3): 150-157
收起
收藏切换
热力发电 |新型发电技术 2026 , 55 (3) : 150 -157
氨─煤混燃模式下低温受热面腐蚀行为研究
全屏
[Author(id=1295064955238248651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=16126013@ceic.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955301163213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955238248651, language=EN, stringName=Yang HAN, firstName=Yang, middleName=null, lastName=HAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Guangdong Branch, China Shenhua Energy Co., Ltd. Guangzhou 510000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955359883470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955238248651, language=CN, stringName=韩阳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.中国神华能源股份有限公司广东分公司,广东 广州 510000, bio={"content":"

韩阳(1971),男,高级工程师,长期从事发电企业安全与设备管理工作,

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

韩阳(1971),男,高级工程师,长期从事发电企业安全与设备管理工作,

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064954902704318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064954906898623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064954902704318, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Guangdong Branch, China Shenhua Energy Co., Ltd. Guangzhou 510000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064954915287232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064954902704318, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中国神华能源股份有限公司广东分公司,广东 广州 510000)])]), Author(id=1295064955443769552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955519267026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955443769552, language=EN, stringName=Jiaqi LI, firstName=Jiaqi, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.China Energy Investment Group Limited Liability Company, Beijing 100011, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955594764499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955443769552, language=CN, stringName=李佳奇, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.国家能源投资集团有限责任公司,北京 100011, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064954999173313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955003367618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064954999173313, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.China Energy Investment Group Limited Liability Company, Beijing 100011, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955020144835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064954999173313, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.国家能源投资集团有限责任公司,北京 100011)])]), Author(id=1295064955678650581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955745759447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955678650581, language=EN, stringName=Ping LIU, firstName=Ping, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955808674008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955678650581, language=CN, stringName=刘平, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司,山东 烟台 264006, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064955066282180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955074670789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955066282180, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955083059398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955066282180, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司,山东 烟台 264006)])]), Author(id=1295064955875782874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064955959668956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955875782874, language=EN, stringName=Mengdi KONG, firstName=Mengdi, middleName=null, lastName=KONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064956043555037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064955875782874, language=CN, stringName=孔梦迪, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司,山东 烟台 264006, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064955066282180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955074670789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955066282180, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955083059398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955066282180, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司,山东 烟台 264006)])]), Author(id=1295064956119052511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064956190355681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064956119052511, language=EN, stringName=Yanjie LIU, firstName=Yanjie, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064956249075938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064956119052511, language=CN, stringName=刘延杰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064955141779655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955150168264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955158556873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049)])]), Author(id=1295064957939380452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=ybwang6639@mail.xjtu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064958031655142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064957939380452, language=EN, stringName=Yibin WANG, firstName=Yibin, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064958119735527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064957939380452, language=CN, stringName=王毅斌, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064955141779655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955150168264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955158556873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049)])]), Author(id=1295064958207815913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1295064958300090603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064958207815913, language=EN, stringName=Houzhang TAN, firstName=Houzhang, middleName=null, lastName=TAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1295064958375588076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, authorId=1295064958207815913, language=CN, stringName=谭厚章, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064955141779655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955150168264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064955158556873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064950804869287, companyId=1295064955141779655, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049)])])]
韩阳1 , 李佳奇2, 刘平3, 孔梦迪3, 刘延杰4, 王毅斌4 , 谭厚章4
作者信息
  • 1.中国神华能源股份有限公司广东分公司,广东 广州 510000
  • 2.国家能源投资集团有限责任公司,北京 100011
  • 3.烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司,山东 烟台 264006
  • 4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049
通讯作者:
王毅斌(1990),男,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向为积灰结渣腐蚀,
作者简介:

韩阳(1971),男,高级工程师,长期从事发电企业安全与设备管理工作,

Study on corrosion behavior of low temperature heating surface in the ammonia-coal co-combustion mode
Yang HAN1 , Jiaqi LI2, Ping LIU3, Mengdi KONG3, Yanjie LIU4, Yibin WANG4 , Houzhang TAN4
Affiliations
  • 1.Guangdong Branch, China Shenhua Energy Co., Ltd. Guangzhou 510000, China
  • 2.China Energy Investment Group Limited Liability Company, Beijing 100011, China
  • 3.Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China
  • 4.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
出版时间: 2026-03-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202504064
文章导航
收藏切换

氨-煤混燃发电模式能够显著降低机组的碳排放水平,但当掺氨量过高、混氨/纯氨燃烧器布置不当以及氨煤混燃效果不佳时,逃逸的氨气在低温下会同SO2/SO3发生反应,增加低温受热面发生腐蚀和积灰堵塞的风险。因此,开展了250 ℃和150 ℃下NH3-SO2-O2-CO2-H2O(g)-N2氧化性气氛中20号钢和ND钢试样的168 h连续腐蚀实验,主要探究温度、NH3体积分数和飞灰涂覆对金属试样腐蚀速率的影响,并对腐蚀后金属试样和灰样进行了微观形貌和矿化物相分析。结果表明:氨气体积分数从0.002 5%增至0.005 0%,ND钢试样的平均腐蚀速率下降了58%;涂灰20号钢则是在NH3体积分数为0.005%的气氛下腐蚀速率明显加快,其平均腐蚀速率达到0.003 6 mg/(cm2∙h);升高温度显著加快了腐蚀速率,涂灰ND钢在250 ℃下的平均腐蚀速率最快,达到0.011 2 mg/(cm2∙h);250 ℃,ND钢涂灰灰样中检测出新生成的CaSO3,其可能促进了灰颗粒之间的黏连;在150 ℃下涂灰20号钢腐蚀后灰样出现了严重的板结团聚现象,其主要是由于新生成的NH4HSO4和(NH42SO3促进了灰颗粒间的团聚效应;未来燃煤机组大比例掺烧氨气后,尤其是燃用中、高硫煤时,需要特别关注飞灰特性变化和低温受热面发生积灰腐蚀风险。

氨煤混燃  /  低温腐蚀  /  铵盐  /  积灰

Ammonia-coal co-firing mode for power generation can significantly reduce the carbon emission level of the unit. But when the ammonia blending ratio is too high, the ammonia blending/pure ammonia burner is not properly arranged, and the ammonia-coal co-combustion effect is not good, the escaped ammonia will react with SO2/SO3 at low temperature, increasing the risk of corrosion and fouling on low temperature heating surfaces. To solve this problem, 168-hours continuous corrosion experiments of No.20 and ND steel specimens in an oxidizing atmosphere of NH3-SO2-O2-CO2-H2O(g)-N2 at 250 ℃ and 150 ℃ were carried out. The effects of temperature, NH3 volume fraction and fly ash coating on the corrosion rate of metal specimens were mainly investigated, and the corroded metal specimens and ash samples were analyzed in terms of micro-morphology and mineral phase. The experimental results showed that the average corrosion rate of ND steel specimens decreased by 58% when the volume fraction of ammonia was increased from 0.002 5% to 0.005 0%. The corrosion rate of No.20 steel coated with fly ash was significantly accelerated in the atmosphere of NH3 with volume fraction of 0.005%, and the average corrosion rate reached 0.003 6 mg/(cm2·h). Elevating temperature significantly accelerated the corrosion rate. ND steel coated with fly ash showed the fastest average corrosion rate at 250 ℃ (0.011 2 mg/(cm2·h)). At 250 ℃, CaSO3 was newly generated and it was detected in the ND steel-coated ash samples, which may have promoted adhesion among ash particles. After the corrosion of No.20 steel coated with fly ash at 150 ℃, the ash sample had a serious agglomeration effect, which is mainly due to the newly generated NH4HSO4 and (NH4)2SO3 promoting the agglomeration effect among ash particles. In the future, when a large proportion of ammonia is mixed with coal-fired units, especially when medium and high sulfur coal is used, special attention should be paid to the change of fly ash characteristics and the risk of fouling and corrosion on low temperature heating surfaces.

ammonia-coal co-firing  /  low temperature corrosion  /  ammonium salts  /  fouling
韩阳, 李佳奇, 刘平, 孔梦迪, 刘延杰, 王毅斌, 谭厚章. 氨─煤混燃模式下低温受热面腐蚀行为研究. 热力发电, 2026 , 55 (3) : 150 -157 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202504064
Yang HAN, Jiaqi LI, Ping LIU, Mengdi KONG, Yanjie LIU, Yibin WANG, Houzhang TAN. Study on corrosion behavior of low temperature heating surface in the ammonia-coal co-combustion mode[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2026 , 55 (3) : 150 -157 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202504064
2024年,我国火电装机容量占比为43.14%,煤炭消费量占能源消费总量比重为53.2%[1]。然而,发电领域对煤炭的过度依赖也直接导致其CO2排放量高。因此,积极发展煤炭清洁利用,成为当下紧迫且重要的任务。绿氨作为一种新型零碳燃料,是高效安全的氢载体,其体积能量密度高且液氨储运方便,工艺技术成熟[2]。因此,氨在缓解能源危机和减少碳排放方面有很大的潜力。但是,氨气存在点火能量高,火焰传播速度慢,层流燃烧速度低等缺点,目前工业领域还无法通过燃烧纯氨来替代传统化石能源。纯氨的燃烧性能可以通过掺烧煤、天然气等燃料来改善,尤其是当氨与煤掺烧时,煤热解析出CH4、H2、CO等燃烧特性良好的成分促进了氨的燃烧[3]。根据国家发展改革委发布的《煤电低碳化改造建设行动方案(2024—2027年)》,燃煤机组掺烧绿氨发电将提升煤炭清洁高效利用水平,改造建设后煤电机组需要具备掺烧比例超过10%绿氨的能力[4]。大型燃煤机组可以通过改造现有锅炉和燃烧系统即可掺烧氨气,无需完全重建基础设施,这极大地降低了电厂的降碳成本,因此,氨煤混燃可成为传统电厂实现低碳转型的有效技术途径之一[5]
目前,对氨-煤混燃方面的研究主要关注氨-煤燃料的混合燃烧特性和NOx生成与排放特性。其中,大部分研究仍集中于小规模的实验室实验,部分研究也开展了300 MW和600 MW等级锅炉的实际掺烧氨气的工艺验证性试验[6]。然而,由于氨气掺烧经济性问题,大型燃煤电厂长期掺烧绿氨对现有受热面和污染物脱除设备的影响仍然不明确,还需要结合机组运行特点、入炉煤质、燃烧器结构等深入探究。特别是,目前关于氨-煤混燃模式下低温受热面积灰腐蚀方面的研究甚少[7]。与传统煤炭燃烧相比,氨-煤掺烧后其燃烧特性、污染物排放和烟气成分都会发生变化。掺氨量过高还会出现部分氨未燃尽导致氨逃逸的发生。当掺烧比例过高或燃烧器布置不当时[8],炉膛出口也会产生氨排放,且排放量随着掺氨比增加而剧烈增加。日本IHI公司模拟8.5 MW设备的氨煤掺烧过程发现,当NH3掺烧质量分数超过40%时,会出现氨逃逸,出口处未反应的NH3质量分数会迅速增加,并随掺烧量的增加而线性增加[8]。烟气中逃逸的氨气可与SO2、SO3、水蒸气等反应生成NH4HSO4,极易在空气预热器低温段形成积垢[9]。煤炭中的硫元素在燃烧后生成SO2,少部分转化为SO3,SO3与水蒸气反应生成硫酸,当受热面温度低于酸露点温度时,硫酸蒸汽会凝结在受热面表面进而腐蚀金属管材[10]。因此,大型燃煤机组开展氨煤掺烧时,有必要详细探究氨-硫-氧耦合作用对低温受热面的腐蚀特性和飞灰特性的影响,以揭示高水分烟气中硫酸铵盐的生成机理及评估受热面积灰堵塞的风险,进而掌握在掺氨燃烧模式下常规锅炉受热面材料的腐蚀特性。
为此,本文开展了NH3-SO2-O2-CO2-H2O(g)-N2氧化性气氛中20号钢和ND钢试样的168 h腐蚀实验,探究了NH3体积分数、温度和涂灰等因素对金属试样腐蚀增重速率的影响。通过对腐蚀后的样品横截面进行背散射(back scattered electron imaging,BSE)观测和能量色散光谱仪(energy dispersive spectrometer,EDS)面扫描,获得不同工况下腐蚀层的结构特征和元素分布;对腐蚀后涂灰试样进行灰送检SEM(scanning electric microscopy)和XRD(X-ray Diffraction),以分析氨逃逸对飞灰成分与矿化物的影响。
本研究选择了ND钢和20号碳钢作为研究对象。20号钢由于成本低,广泛用于电厂低温受热面部件;ND钢耐硫酸低温露点腐蚀,常用于高含硫烟气中的省煤器、空气预热器、热交换器等设备。表1给出了2种钢材元素分析。
飞灰来自于由某燃煤电厂静电除尘器收集的灰样,其元素分析如表2所示。可以发现,燃煤飞灰主要由硅、铝、钙和铁元素构成,其硫元素质量分数较低。
模拟低温受热面附近氧化性气氛的低温腐蚀实验系统如图1所示。该系统主要由3部分组成:模拟烟气混合装置、卧式加热炉和尾气吸收处理装置。其中,模拟烟气由配气系统产生,气体流速使用烟气分析仪和质量流量计精确校准,各气体经过混合装置后通入卧式炉。模拟腐蚀气氛的总流量为500 mL/min,NH3体积分数为0.002 5%、0.005 0%,SO2体积分数为0.1%,O2体积分数为3.5%,CO2体积分数为14.0%,其余气体为N2。水蒸气由电加热炉和蠕动泵组成的装置发生,水蒸气体积分数为10%,由N2携带送入卧式炉,沿程管线使用伴热带保温以防止水蒸气发生冷凝。卧式加热炉由石英管、K型热电偶丝和密封法兰组成,可以实现腐蚀温度的长时间稳定。尾气吸收处理装置由2个装有过量质量浓度NaOH溶液和HCl溶液的吸收瓶组成,2瓶溶液首尾相连,残留气体被吸收其余排入大气。
将钢材圆管切割成1/4试样(外径38 mm,内径22 mm,高20 mm)。实验前,依次用4.17、2.50、1.67、1.25、0.83 μm的砂纸打磨试样,并抛光至露出金属基底。使用无水乙醇清洗试样后放在105 ℃烘箱中干燥2 h。
需要涂覆飞灰的工况在实验前先将2、3滴无水乙醇滴在抛光打磨好的试样上,然后将研磨均匀的飞灰均匀铺在试样表面,飞灰质量控制在(70±10)mg/cm2,最后放入烘箱中干燥30 min,温度设定为60 ℃,干燥后即可得到涂灰的金属试样。将处理好的试样置于Al2O3坩埚中,试样外表面高于坩埚,使试样外侧暴露在腐蚀性气氛中。每组工况下放置5个试样。
在反应前和取样期间,只注入N2作为保护气体。当加热炉达到实验温度时,将试样推入恒温区,通入其余腐蚀气体引发腐蚀反应。每次腐蚀实验持续168 h,实验工况设计如表3所示。
当腐蚀时间为24、48、72、120、168 h时,分别对试样进行取样。在取样过程中,关闭其余气体,仅通入N2作为保护气。待试样冷却至室温后,使用精密分析天平称重并拍照。由于金属表面的腐蚀产物难以去除,因此通过腐蚀前后试样的质量变化来评估腐蚀速率,并绘制腐蚀增重速率曲线。具体公式如下:
Δm=(ω1ω0)/A
ν=(ω1ω0)/(At)
式中:A为试样外圆弧的表面积,cm2t为腐蚀持续时间,h;ω1为取样后试样的质量,mg;ω0为试样初始质量,mg;v为试样平均腐蚀速率,mg/(cm2∙h)。
采用XRF(S4 PIONEER)检测原始飞灰的化学成分。将腐蚀168 h后涂灰试样的表面灰层剥离并送检XRD(Bruker D8 ADVANCE)进行测试,使用Jade5.0软件标准物质峰的PDF数据对主要矿物相的衍射峰进行鉴定,分析氨逃逸对飞灰成分与矿化物的影响。微观形貌观测前需要对试样进行预处理:使用环氧树脂对腐蚀时间为168 h的试样进行封装,将封装后的试样切割成横截面,然后依次用4.17、2.50、1.67、1.25、0.83 μm的砂纸进行打磨和抛光,最后放入干燥皿中储存。场发射扫描电子显微镜被用来(GeminiSEM 500)观察腐蚀试样的表面和横截面形态,采用能量色散光谱仪(energy dispersive spectrometer,EDS)面扫描检测腐蚀截面特定区域的元素分布。
图2给出了不同NH3体积分数下试样腐蚀增重曲线。由图2a)可见:当NH3体积分数为0.002 5%时,ND钢试样的平均腐蚀速率为0.003 4 mg/(cm2∙h);而NH3体积分数为0.005 0%时,试样的平均腐蚀速率为0.001 4 mg/(cm2∙h)。随着氨气体积分数的增大,ND钢试样的平均腐蚀速率呈下降趋势。这可能是由于碱性NH3与酸性气体SO2发生化学反应中和了部分酸性腐蚀性气体,从而导致整体腐蚀气氛的有效腐蚀成分浓度下降,试样的平均腐蚀速率下降。
图2b)可见:当NH3体积分数为0.002 5%时,试样的腐蚀增重增长平缓,其平均腐蚀速率为0.001 6 mg/(cm2∙h);NH3体积分数为0.005 0%试样的腐蚀增重速率明显高于低氨气体积分数工况,其平均腐蚀速率为0.003 6 mg/(cm2∙h),高体积分数NH3气氛下涂灰20号钢的腐蚀速率明显加快。相较于ND钢试样,涂灰后的20号钢试样腐蚀速率随NH3体积分数的变化趋势与ND钢试样相反。NH3体积分数升高可能使得腐蚀性气体对灰层的渗透增强,同时由于20号钢作为普通碳钢,在氧化性腐蚀气氛中可能生成FeO、Fe3O4,这些氧化膜疏松易脱落,其抗腐蚀性较差。低体积分数NH3工况涂灰20号钢试样平均腐蚀速率低于ND钢,这可能是灰层对钢材表面起到了一定的保护作用。
图2c)可见:涂灰ND钢腐蚀速率最高,其平均腐蚀速率为0.011 2 mg/(cm2∙h);其次,未经涂灰处理的20号钢试样平均腐蚀速率达到了0.007 4 mg/(cm2∙h);250 ℃工况下试样平均腐蚀效率显著高于150 ℃工况,温度升高明显加速了2种材料的腐蚀进程[11]。涂灰ND钢的平均腐蚀速率高于20号钢,这是由于在250 ℃高温下,即使高于硫酸露点温度,但飞灰沉积在钢材表面可能存在局部温差,从而引起局部酸性腐蚀的发生。根据经验公式计算可知,水露点温度随着水蒸气体积分数的增加而升高[12],当水蒸气体积分数为10%时,水露点温度为46.5 ℃,虽然本实验选择的温度远高于水露点温度,但水蒸气体积分数增加会影响硫酸蒸汽的生成浓度,进而影响烟气酸露点温度。
图3为涂灰ND钢试样在工况1下暴露168 h后横截面的背散射(BSE)电子图像和能量色散光谱仪(EDS)面扫描的元素映射图。观察到树脂基体和金属基体中间有明显的腐蚀层,整个腐蚀层呈现疏松易碎裂的形态,腐蚀层内侧(靠近金属基体一侧)与金属基体存在清晰的宽裂纹,腐蚀层中存在一定的裂缝和微孔,腐蚀性气体和蒸汽可通过这些微孔和裂纹深入扩散到金属基体,进而加速腐蚀反应。由于该工况温度较高,积灰和金属基体及腐蚀层由于不均匀热应力也可能加速腐蚀层和金属基体的分离和开裂[13]。腐蚀层的右上侧是灰层,可根据元素映射图中的Si、Al元素的映射亮度分辨出。此外,由于腐蚀层疏松开裂也导致了灰颗粒沿着这些缝隙深入到腐蚀层内部。从Fe的元素映射亮度可以发现,Fe元素出现在金属基体和腐蚀层的中上层,该区域同O元素的亮度部分重叠,因此可以判断该区域主要是以铁的氧化物为主。腐蚀层靠近金属基体内侧S和O元素的映射亮度明显且位置高度重合,这可能是高温下少量的SO2和水蒸气反应生成的亚硫酸,以及氧化层催化作用下少量的SO2转化为SO3并与水蒸气反应生成硫酸蒸汽,这些酸性蒸汽通过腐蚀层的裂缝渗透到腐蚀层的内侧并同细灰颗粒结合,从而稳定存在并持续影响着金属基体的腐蚀进程。
图4展示了涂灰处理的20号钢试样在工况2下暴露168 h后横截面BSE电子图像元素映射图。由于腐蚀层很薄,从横截面背散射图中未发现明显的腐蚀层和金属基体分层形貌。然而整个金属基体外侧并非平整弧度,说明试样表面发生的腐蚀反应使金属基体表面发生了形变。相较于相同腐蚀气氛下的250 ℃工况,在150 ℃下腐蚀层明显变薄,说明温度的升高尤其是高温显著加速了试样的腐蚀反应。这与图2c)的腐蚀动力学曲线一致。Si和Al元素的映射亮度重合区域代表了灰层的位置,同时O元素的映射亮度也很明显,其中大部分与灰层所在区域重叠,但其元素富集延伸到了与金属基体的交界位置,即该区域反应的腐蚀层位置。与此同时,S元素的映射亮度均匀分布在灰层所在区域,部分S元素渗入到了金属基体表面。该工况下S、O元素的映射亮度低于250 ℃工况,说明温度对于酸性腐蚀气体的渗透起着促进作用。该工况下金属基体表面可能的腐蚀反应以氧化作用为主,含硫蒸汽与灰层结合对金属基体有一定的腐蚀作用。
图5为涂灰处理的20号钢试样在工况3下暴露168 h后横截面背散射图像及元素映射图。与NH3体积分数为0.002 5%的工况类似,试样的腐蚀层很薄。S元素在灰层所在区域出现明显亮度斑块,S元素富集主要集中在灰层内侧。当NH3体积分数增加到0.005 0%时,灰层中S元素富集更加集中,说明NH3体积分数增加促进了酸性腐蚀成分渗透。灰层中更高浓度的S元素富集同样也加快了腐蚀反应,这也是图3中该工况下腐蚀平均速率更高的原因。
图6展示了20号钢在工况1下暴露168 h后横截面背散射图像和元素映射图。可以发现,腐蚀层与金属基体的结合并不紧密,腐蚀层的外侧有破碎的腐蚀产物。Fe元素富集在腐蚀层区域;O元素富集在金属基体表面和腐蚀层;S元素仅在腐蚀层外侧有少量的富集。腐蚀层的元素映射亮度分布说明该工况条件下腐蚀产物主要为铁氧化物。
图7图8为ND钢在150 ℃不同NH3体积分数腐蚀气氛暴露168 h后横截面背散射图像和元素映射图。可以发现,2种工况下的腐蚀层都很薄,并且S元素在金属基体表面没有明显的富集,腐蚀层主要以铁的氧化反应为主。这说明了ND钢在低温酸性氧化性气氛中具有良好的抗腐蚀性能。
图9展示了不同工况下负载飞灰形态。原始飞灰颗粒大多呈球状,少量瓣状、针叶状颗粒附在大颗粒周围,且颗粒之间呈较分散的状态;工况2的灰样发生了明显的团聚与结块,大量球形的灰颗粒团聚粘附在一起形成了较大的块状物。推测该工况下可能生成了一定亚硫酸或硫酸盐,促进了灰颗粒之间的团聚粘附效应。工况1下ND钢表面灰样部分颗粒粘连,其团聚效应弱于图9b)
图10给出了原灰和负载灰样的XRD图谱。结合表2原始飞灰的氧化物含量分析,飞灰中的主要物相是SiO2,此外还含有一定量的CaSO4、Al2O3、Fe2O3。250 ℃,工况1中ND钢表面涂灰中含有的主要矿物相是SiO2,和一定含量的CaSO3和CaSO4。CaSO3可能是水蒸气环境中SO2与原灰中的含钙氧化物反应的产物。XRD甄别的硫酸盐或亚硫酸盐矿物相,与该工况下试样横截面的EDS面扫面元素映射图中S元素在灰层中富集相对应,证明了硫酸盐和亚硫酸盐的生成。CaSO4则可能是CaSO3氧化产生的或原灰中含有的少量CaSO4
150 ℃,NH3体积分数0.002 5%气氛下腐蚀168 h后20号钢涂灰灰样检测出的主要矿物相同样是SiO2。此外,灰样中还检测到了少量的NH4HSO4和(NH42SO3,这可能是因为腐蚀气氛中少量的SO2转化为SO3,SO3同水蒸气和NH3发生反应生成了NH4HSO4[14],腐蚀气氛中含有的SO2在水蒸气环境中生成了亚硫酸,并进而同NH3反应生成了(NH42SO3[15],其化学反应式如下:
NH3+SO3+H2ONH4HSO4
2NH3+SO2+H2O(NH4)2SO3
(NH42SO3对碳钢具有较强的腐蚀作用[16],NH4HSO4则容易在低温受热面沉积造成堵塞,并且硫酸氢铵具有高吸湿性和黏附性[17],它会与灰颗粒粘附在一起从而导致飞灰板结。这2种物质在灰颗粒表面的生成显著促进了图9中灰颗粒的团聚粘连效应。板结的飞灰可能难以通过普通吹灰方式去除,同时硫酸铵盐与飞灰结合将导致低温受热面持续受到腐蚀和传热性能下降的威胁[18],进一步增加了受热面积灰堵塞的风险。实际锅炉的低温受热面(例如空气预热器、低温省煤器等)的腐蚀需要考虑SO3生成导致的酸露点腐蚀,同时逃逸氨气参与硫化反应所生成的铵类硫酸盐、硫酸氢盐、亚硫酸盐等物质,容易导致低温受热面发生积灰堵塞,进而降低整体换热面的传热效率。所以,未来大型燃煤机组燃用中、高硫煤种且掺烧一定比例绿氨时,需要特别关注尾部受热面的积灰腐蚀风险,应该严格控制尾部烟气中硫氨比、SO3体积分数、灰分和飞灰中Fe2O3含量。
本文对250 ℃和150 ℃下NH3-SO2-O2-CO2-H2O(g)-N2氧化性气氛中20号钢和ND钢试样进行168 h连续腐蚀实验,主要探究了温度、NH3体积分数和飞灰涂覆对金属试样腐蚀速率的影响,并对腐蚀后金属试样和灰样进行了微观形貌和矿化物相分析,所得结论如下。
1)在150 ℃下,当模拟腐蚀气氛中NH3体积分数从0.002 5%增加到0.005 0%时,不涂灰ND钢试样的平均腐蚀速率呈下降趋势。升高温度可以明显加快涂灰ND钢的腐蚀速率,在250 ℃和NH3体积分数为0.002 5%下其平均腐蚀速率达到0.011 2 mg/(cm2∙h)。而在150 ℃和NH3体积分数0.005 0%气氛下,涂灰20号钢腐蚀速率明显加快,其平均腐蚀速率达到0.003 6 mg/(cm2∙h)。
2)在150 ℃,NH3体积分数0.002 5%工况下,涂灰层出现团聚板结现象,由于灰层对腐蚀试样表面初期有一定的保护作用,20号钢的平均腐蚀速率显著降低。当提高模拟烟气气氛中氨气体积分数至0.005 0%时,在150 ℃下涂灰20号钢腐蚀后的涂覆灰样发生了严重的板结与团聚效应,这主要源于新生成的少量NH4HSO4和(NH42SO3显著增强了灰颗粒之间的粘附效应,并对碳钢基底造成一定腐蚀。
3)在250 ℃,NH3体积分数0.002 5%气氛下,涂灰ND钢腐蚀168 h后,灰样中检测出一定含量的CaSO3,其可能是在水蒸气环境中SO2同原灰中含钙氧化物等物质发生反应所生成的,该物质在一定程度上也促进了灰颗粒之间的团聚。
4)燃煤机组掺烧不同比例绿氨时,应该合理设计并布置混氨/纯氨燃烧器,尤其是对于燃用中、高硫煤种的锅炉,应该严格控制排烟温度、尾部烟气中硫氨比、SO3体积分数、灰分和飞灰中Fe2O3含量,以降低铵类硫酸盐、硫酸氢盐或亚硫酸盐等物质的生成量,从而减少下游低温受热面堵塞和低温腐蚀的风险。特别是为避免对于回转式空气预热器内中、低温段等尾部低温受热面的腐蚀和堵塞,需要增加锅炉尾部低温相应温区受热面的吹灰频次或改变吹灰方式,以降低其关键温区受热面发生腐蚀和积灰堵塞的风险。
  • 国家自然科学基金(51906198)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
国家统计局. 中华人民共和国2024年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[R/OL]. (2025-02-28)[2025-05-12]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/xxgk/sjfb/zxfb2020/202502/t20250228_1958817.html.
National Bureau of Statistics. Statistical Bulletin of the National Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China in 2024[R/OL]. (2025-02-28)[2025-05-12]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/xxgk/sjfb/zxfb2020/202502/t20250228_1958817.html.
[2]
WIJAYANTA A T, ODA T, PURNOMO C W, et al. Liquid hydrogen, methylcyclohexane, and ammonia as potential hydrogen storage: comparison review[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2019, 44(29): 15026-15044.
[3]
赖诗妮,江丽霞,李军,. 含碳掺氨燃料的研究进展[J]. 化工进展202342(9):4603-4615.
LAI Shini, JIANG Lixia, LI Jun, et al. Research progress of ammonia blended fossil fuel[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(9): 4603-4615.
[4]
《煤电低碳化改造建设行动方案(2024—2027年)》发布[J]. 中国氯碱2024(8):63-64.
Action Plan for the Transformation and Construction of Decarbonized Coal Power (2024—2027) issued[J]. China Chlor-Alkali, 2024(8): 63-64.
[5]
王颖. 基于CFD数值模拟的135 MW四角切圆煤粉炉氨气混燃研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学,2024:1.
WANG Ying. Research on ammonia-coal co-firing of a 135 MW tangentially coal-fired utility boiler based on CFD numerical simulation[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2024: 1.
[6]
WANG Q, HU Z, SHAO W, et al. The present situation, challenges, and prospects of the application of ammonia-coal co-firing technology in power plant boilers[J]. Journal of the Energy Institute, 2024, 113: 101531.
[7]
阮仁晖,许景元,崔保崇. 燃煤发电锅炉掺氨燃烧技术研究进展及应用分析[J]. 能源科技202422(4):43-47.
RUAN Renhui, XU Jingyuan, CUI Baochong. Research progress and application analysis of ammonia blending combustion technology for coal-fired power generation boilers[J]. Energy Science and Technology, 2024, 22(4): 43-47.
[8]
ZHANG J, ITO T, ISHII H, et al. Numerical investigation on ammonia co-firing in a pulverized coal combustion facility: Effect of ammonia co-firing ratio[J]. Fuel, 2020, 267: 117166.
[9]
杨钊,黄亚继,黄学希,. 0.3 MW循环流化床燃煤锅炉SO3脱除试验研究[J]. 热力发电201847(3):62-67.
YANG Zhao, HUANG Yaji, HUANG Xuexi, et al. Experimental study on SO3 removal for a 0.3 MW circulating fluidized bed coal-fired boiler[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2018, 47(3): 62-67.
[10]
牟春华,王一坤,白文刚,. 超低排放改造后烟气余热利用设备存在问题及防治措施[J]. 热力发电202049(4):46-50.
MU Chunhua, WANG Yikun, BAI Wengang, et al. Existing problems and control measures of flue gas waste heat utilization equipment after ultra-low emission modification[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2020, 49(4): 46-50.
[11]
赵钦新,张知翔,杜文智,. 模拟气氛下硫酸露点的腐蚀试验研究[J]. 动力工程学报201232(5):420-424.
ZHAO Qinxin, ZHANG Zhixiang, DU Wenzhi, et al. Experimental study on sulfuric acid dewpoint corrosion in simulated atmospheric conditions[J]. Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2012, 32(5): 420-424.
[12]
VAINIO E, LAUREN T, DEMARTINI N, et al. Understanding low-temperature corrosion in recovery boilers: risk of sulphuric acid dew point corrosion?[J]. Journal of Science & Technology for Forest Products and Processes, 2014, 4(6): 14-22.
[13]
AN T, WEI B, MA R, et al. Study on the high- temperature corrosion mechanism of boiler steel 15CrMoG in ammonia-coal co-firing environment[J]. Fuel, 2024, 378:132892.
[14]
徐广伟,马志强,郭靖. 锅炉空预器腐蚀堵塞原因分析及防治[J]. 设备管理与维修2024(20):86-88.
XU Guangwei, MA Zhiqiang, GUO Jing. Boiler air pre-preheater corrosion and clogging reason analysis and prevention and control[J]. Plant Maintenance Engineering, 2024(20): 86-88.
[15]
何雅玲,汤松臻,王飞龙,. 中低温烟气换热器气侧积灰、磨损及腐蚀的研究[J]. 科学通报201661(17):1858-1876.
HE Yaling, TANG Songzhen, WANG Feilong, et al. Gas-side fouling, erosion and corrosion of heat exchanger for middle and low temperature flue gas waste heat recovery[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2016, 61(17): 1858-1876.
[16]
张盛超. 改性焊条焊接碳钢焊缝在亚硫酸铵介质中的耐蚀性研究[D]. 西安:西安理工大学,2007:1.
ZHANG Shengchao. Study on the corrosion resistance of carbon steel welding seam welded by modified welding rod in the ammonium sulfite solution[D]. Xi’an: Xi’an University of Technology, 2007: 1.
[17]
周培焱. 硫酸盐胶凝特性对飞灰板结成垢的影响[D]. 北京:华北电力大学,2023:11.
ZHOU Peiyan. Effect of sulfate gelation characteristics on fouling of fly ash board[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2023: 11.
[18]
颜鲁,孙奉仲,郑鹏. 脱硝伴生硫酸氢铵对空预器壁面粘附机理的实验研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报202040(20):6609-6617.
YAN Lu, SUN Fengzhong, ZHENG Peng. Experimental study on the adhesion mechanism of ammonium bisulfate associated with denitration to the wall of air preheater[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(20): 6609-6617.
2026年第55卷第3期
PDF下载
199
90
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202504064
  • 接收时间:2025-04-16
  • 首发时间:2026-08-14
  • 出版时间:2026-03-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-16
  • 修回日期:2025-05-14
  • 录用日期:2025-05-21
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51906198)
国家自然科学基金(51906198)
作者信息
    1.中国神华能源股份有限公司广东分公司,广东 广州 510000
    2.国家能源投资集团有限责任公司,北京 100011
    3.烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司,山东 烟台 264006
    4.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049

通讯作者:

王毅斌(1990),男,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向为积灰结渣腐蚀,
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202504064
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏