Article(id=1271501770648920670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1271501633826530070, articleNumber=PA20260121_ChRb7bzh, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202503040, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1741622400000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-11, revisedDate=1744732800000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-16, acceptedDate=1744819200000, acceptedDateStr=2025-04-17, onlineDate=1781079245484, onlineDateStr=2026-06-10, pubDate=1769270400000, pubDateStr=2026-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1781079245479, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1781079245479, creator=admin, updateTime=1781079245479, updator=admin, issue=Issue{id=1271501633826530070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2026', volume='55', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='186', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1769270400000', pubDateStr='2026-01-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1781079212860, creator='ztmeta', updateTime=1786698917413, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1295072383149301815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1271501633826530070, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1295072383149301816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1271501633826530070, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=169, endPage=176, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1271501771722662497, articleId=1271501770648920670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Experimental investigation on energy consumption characteristics of co-firing sludge dried by flue gas in a coal-fired power unit, columnId=1211002405299294959, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Thermal energy science research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Co-firing sludge is one of the important approaches to address the challenges of urban sludge accumulation. The field test of co-firing sludge dried by flue gas was conducted in a 350 MW supercritical coal-fired power unit to investigate the effects of blending amount and unit load on system operation and energy consumption. Wet sludge was dried using extracted boiler tail flue gas, with the dried sludge subsequently carried into the furnace for co-combustion. The results show that a positive correlation exists between the wet sludge amount and the temperature/flow rate of drying flue gas. Drying 11 t/h wet sludge required 71 t/h flue gas at 597 ℃. As the sludge blending ratio rose, the boiler thermal efficiency decreased, while the auxiliary power consumption ratio increased. The rise in sensible heat loss in exhaust gas mainly led to the decline in boiler thermal efficiency, and the rises in both unburned carbon heat loss in residue and sensible heat loss in residue were secondary factors. The rise in auxiliary power consumption ratio was primarily attributed to the high power consumption of the sludge drying system, with sludge co-combustion system dominating the rise in auxiliary power consumption ratio. The rise in net coal consumption rate was caused by the decline in boiler thermal efficiency and the rise in auxiliary power consumption ratio, and the rise in auxiliary power consumption ratio contributed more significantly. At 262 MW and with a sludge blending mass ratio of 8.76% (sludge moisture fraction: 83%), the boiler thermal efficiency decreased by 0.260%, the auxiliary power consumption ratio increased by 0.466%, and the net coal consumption rate increased by 2.38 g/(kW·h). The study provides a reference foundation for the energy consumption evaluation and optimization of co-firing sludge dried by flue gas in a coal-fired power unit.

, authors=Yuan LI1, Lun MA2, Haiyuan ZHOU1, Shuai MA1, Kefeng CHEN1, Liufeng WANG1, Qing CHEN1, authorsList=Yuan LI, Lun MA, Haiyuan ZHOU, Shuai MA, Kefeng CHEN, Liufeng WANG, Qing CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Lun MA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1271501771651359328, articleId=1271501770648920670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=CN, title=燃煤机组掺烧烟气干化污泥能耗特性试验研究, columnId=1211002405437706993, journalTitle=热力发电, columnName=热能科学研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

污泥掺烧是破解污泥围城难题的重要方法之一。针对某350 MW超临界燃煤机组,开展烟气干化污泥掺烧现场试验,分析污泥掺烧量、机组负荷对系统运行和能耗的影响,利用抽取的锅炉尾部烟气干化湿污泥,干化后污泥被烟气携带入炉协同焚烧。结果表明:湿污泥处理量与干化所需的烟气温度、流量呈正相关,干化11 t/h湿污泥需要消耗597 ℃锅炉烟气71 t/h;随着污泥掺烧比例的增加,锅炉效率有所下降,机组厂用电率则有所上升;污泥掺烧时,锅炉效率下降主要由排烟热损失增加导致,机械不完全燃烧热损失和灰渣物理显热损失增加为次要因素;机组厂用电率上升的主要原因是污泥干化系统电耗偏大,并且机组厂用电率上升量中污泥掺烧系统分摊了大部分;锅炉效率下降和机组厂用电率上升共同导致机组供电燃煤耗率上升,其中机组厂用电率上升的影响更加明显;在机组负荷262 MW和污泥掺混质量比8.76%(污泥含水率83%)工况下,锅炉效率下降0.260%,机组厂用电率增加0.466%,机组供电燃煤耗率增加2.38 g/(kW·h)。该结论可为燃煤机组耦合烟气干化污泥发电系统能耗评估与优化提供参考。

, authors=李源1, 马仑2, 周海远1, 马帅1, 陈科峰1, 王留锋1, 陈青1, authorsList=李源, 马仑, 周海远, 马帅, 陈科峰, 王留锋, 陈青, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=马仑, authorNote=

李源(1990),男,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为固废无害化处置与资源化利用,

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马仑(1990),男,博士,研究员,主要研究方向为低碳清洁燃烧与能源高效利用,
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李源(1990),男,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为固废无害化处置与资源化利用,

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Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power, 2022, 37(7): 84-92., articleTitle=Experimental study on energy consumption characteristic of direct co-firing sludge in a coal-fired power unit, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064738430481043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=28, issue=3, pageStart=95, pageEnd=101, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=34, authorNames=李源, 郭志成, 赵鑫平, journalName=洁净煤技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李源,郭志成,赵鑫平,. 燃煤机组耦合蒸气干化污泥能耗特性试验[J]. 洁净煤技术202228(3):95-101., articleTitle=燃煤机组耦合蒸气干化污泥能耗特性试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064738493395604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=28, issue=3, pageStart=95, pageEnd=101, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=35, authorNames=LI Yuan, GUO Zhicheng, ZHAO Xinping, journalName=Clean Coal Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Yuan, GUO Zhicheng, ZHAO Xinping, et al. Experiment of energy consumption characteristic in a coal-fired power unit coupled with steam desiccation sludge[J]. Clean Coal Technology, 2022, 28(3): 95-101., articleTitle=Experiment of energy consumption characteristic in a coal-fired power unit coupled with steam desiccation sludge, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064738568893077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=158, issue=null, pageStart=634, pageEnd=640, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=36, authorNames=WU X, SONG Q, ZHAO H, journalName=Fuel, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU X, SONG Q, ZHAO H, et al. Synergetic effect of biomass volatiles on NO reduction and the influence of K/Na on it[J]. Fuel, 2015, 158: 634-640., articleTitle=Synergetic effect of biomass volatiles on NO reduction and the influence of K/Na on it, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1295064733892244078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, awardId=2024YFB4106103, language=EN, fundingSource=National Key Research and Development Program(2024YFB4106103), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1295064733967741551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, awardId=2024YFB4106103, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFB4106103), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1295064726166336043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064726174724652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, companyId=1295064726166336043, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Rundian Energy Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450052, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064726183113261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, companyId=1295064726166336043, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.润电能源科学技术有限公司,河南 郑州 450052)]), AuthorCompany(id=1295064726254416430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064726262805039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, companyId=1295064726254416430, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1295064726271193648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, companyId=1295064726254416430, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院,湖北 武汉 430070)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1295064730591326814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Flow chart of co-firing sludge dried by flue gas in a boiler, figureFileSmall=JcY9PewULmuaXSqcQ8wc6w==, figureFileBig=gijqmvZ541GhINEsrlAMBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064730662629983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=CN, label=图1, caption=锅炉掺烧烟气干化污泥工艺流程, figureFileSmall=JcY9PewULmuaXSqcQ8wc6w==, figureFileBig=gijqmvZ541GhINEsrlAMBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064730897511008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Energy balance diagram of co-firing coal and sludge dried by flue gas in a power unit, figureFileSmall=IXgjZ5qOamhTlzCH8+eR3A==, figureFileBig=KuUd/bfWYDvCdZnDsRQNrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064730985591393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=CN, label=图2, caption=燃煤耦合烟气干化污泥发电系统能量平衡图, figureFileSmall=IXgjZ5qOamhTlzCH8+eR3A==, figureFileBig=KuUd/bfWYDvCdZnDsRQNrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064731073671778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effect of co-firing sludge on boiler thermal efficiency, figureFileSmall=PHUv+zLEtPXGtfXBaHRkCQ==, figureFileBig=GC7n+mt/mSE/LcyLZkHi8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064731212083811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=CN, label=图3, caption=污泥掺烧对锅炉效率的影响, figureFileSmall=PHUv+zLEtPXGtfXBaHRkCQ==, figureFileBig=GC7n+mt/mSE/LcyLZkHi8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064731333718628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effect of co-firing sludge on auxiliary power consumption ratio, figureFileSmall=vQQ4n0pbbO+iHIUj5J3HVw==, figureFileBig=sALS8bi6pLPmgZDyyk03sg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064731413410405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=CN, label=图4, caption=污泥掺烧对机组厂用电率的影响, figureFileSmall=vQQ4n0pbbO+iHIUj5J3HVw==, figureFileBig=sALS8bi6pLPmgZDyyk03sg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064731497296486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effect of co-firing sludge on fuel consumption rate, figureFileSmall=oT1fFbyGiS6a6SiPWHFL8Q==, figureFileBig=O1XuseyO/ubyAzBii+dTSg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064731581182567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=CN, label=图5, caption=污泥掺烧对机组燃料耗率的影响, figureFileSmall=oT1fFbyGiS6a6SiPWHFL8Q==, figureFileBig=O1XuseyO/ubyAzBii+dTSg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064731656680040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effect of co-firing sludge on coal consumption rate, figureFileSmall=U7ZCl2S0GTAKbXMWw548fA==, figureFileBig=VlHtkiiekefwk4tWpyG25Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064731723788905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=CN, label=图6, caption=污泥掺烧对机组燃煤耗率的影响, figureFileSmall=U7ZCl2S0GTAKbXMWw548fA==, figureFileBig=VlHtkiiekefwk4tWpyG25Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064733393121898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Proximate and ultimate analysis of the fuel samples

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
燃料工业分析(收到基)/%元素分析(收到基)/%Qar,net/(kJ·kg–1
MVFCACHONS
贫煤7.2012.2849.4531.0753.772.263.690.801.2119 820
湿污泥(含水率为83%)83.304.374.967.374.970.672.750.790.1530
), ArticleFig(id=1295064733485396587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

燃料样品工业分析与元素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
燃料工业分析(收到基)/%元素分析(收到基)/%Qar,net/(kJ·kg–1
MVFCACHONS
贫煤7.2012.2849.4531.0753.772.263.690.801.2119 820
湿污泥(含水率为83%)83.304.374.967.374.970.672.750.790.1530
), ArticleFig(id=1295064733623808620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Operating parameters of the coupling system under different conditions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目工况1工况2工况3工况4工况5工况6工况7工况8
机组负荷/MW262262262262310310310310
湿污泥掺烧量/(t·h–10581105811
湿污泥掺混质量比/%04.186.528.7603.585.617.56
抽取高温烟气温度/℃620.52621.21621.84679.32680.05680.91
抽取中温烟气温度/℃336.11337.19337.88340.63341.72342.98
抽取混合烟气温度/℃433.09522.94596.57433.43522.05596.09
抽取混合烟气流量/(t·h–157.0764.1971.0357.3464.0170.81
干化研磨机出口温度/℃220.67220.96219.31220.89219.12220.09
干化系统总电流/A038.1152.4663.35038.0952.4463.37
炉内燃烧温度/℃1 2171 2021 1981 1941 2791 2621 2551 250
锅炉NOx质量浓度(标况下,下同)/(mg·m–3594.6582.9576.8570.1571.3562.8557.7549.3
锅炉SO2质量浓度(标况下,下同)/(mg·m–33 2233 2253 2183 2273 2453 2483 2523 241
锅炉排烟温度/℃140.12141.64142.50143.31145.67146.97147.71148.42
), ArticleFig(id=1295064733711889005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501770648920670, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同工况条件下耦合系统运行参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目工况1工况2工况3工况4工况5工况6工况7工况8
机组负荷/MW262262262262310310310310
湿污泥掺烧量/(t·h–10581105811
湿污泥掺混质量比/%04.186.528.7603.585.617.56
抽取高温烟气温度/℃620.52621.21621.84679.32680.05680.91
抽取中温烟气温度/℃336.11337.19337.88340.63341.72342.98
抽取混合烟气温度/℃433.09522.94596.57433.43522.05596.09
抽取混合烟气流量/(t·h–157.0764.1971.0357.3464.0170.81
干化研磨机出口温度/℃220.67220.96219.31220.89219.12220.09
干化系统总电流/A038.1152.4663.35038.0952.4463.37
炉内燃烧温度/℃1 2171 2021 1981 1941 2791 2621 2551 250
锅炉NOx质量浓度(标况下,下同)/(mg·m–3594.6582.9576.8570.1571.3562.8557.7549.3
锅炉SO2质量浓度(标况下,下同)/(mg·m–33 2233 2253 2183 2273 2453 2483 2523 241
锅炉排烟温度/℃140.12141.64142.50143.31145.67146.97147.71148.42
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燃煤机组掺烧烟气干化污泥能耗特性试验研究
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李源 1 , 马仑 2 , 周海远 1 , 马帅 1 , 陈科峰 1 , 王留锋 1 , 陈青 1
热力发电 | 热能科学研究 2026,55(1): 169-176
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热力发电 |热能科学研究 2026 , 55 (1) : 169 -176
燃煤机组掺烧烟气干化污泥能耗特性试验研究
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李源1 , 马仑2 , 周海远1, 马帅1, 陈科峰1, 王留锋1, 陈青1
作者信息
  • 1.润电能源科学技术有限公司,河南 郑州 450052
  • 2.武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院,湖北 武汉 430070
通讯作者:
马仑(1990),男,博士,研究员,主要研究方向为低碳清洁燃烧与能源高效利用,
作者简介:

李源(1990),男,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为固废无害化处置与资源化利用,

Experimental investigation on energy consumption characteristics of co-firing sludge dried by flue gas in a coal-fired power unit
Yuan LI1 , Lun MA2 , Haiyuan ZHOU1, Shuai MA1, Kefeng CHEN1, Liufeng WANG1, Qing CHEN1
Affiliations
  • 1.Rundian Energy Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450052, China
  • 2.School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
出版时间: 2026-01-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202503040
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污泥掺烧是破解污泥围城难题的重要方法之一。针对某350 MW超临界燃煤机组,开展烟气干化污泥掺烧现场试验,分析污泥掺烧量、机组负荷对系统运行和能耗的影响,利用抽取的锅炉尾部烟气干化湿污泥,干化后污泥被烟气携带入炉协同焚烧。结果表明:湿污泥处理量与干化所需的烟气温度、流量呈正相关,干化11 t/h湿污泥需要消耗597 ℃锅炉烟气71 t/h;随着污泥掺烧比例的增加,锅炉效率有所下降,机组厂用电率则有所上升;污泥掺烧时,锅炉效率下降主要由排烟热损失增加导致,机械不完全燃烧热损失和灰渣物理显热损失增加为次要因素;机组厂用电率上升的主要原因是污泥干化系统电耗偏大,并且机组厂用电率上升量中污泥掺烧系统分摊了大部分;锅炉效率下降和机组厂用电率上升共同导致机组供电燃煤耗率上升,其中机组厂用电率上升的影响更加明显;在机组负荷262 MW和污泥掺混质量比8.76%(污泥含水率83%)工况下,锅炉效率下降0.260%,机组厂用电率增加0.466%,机组供电燃煤耗率增加2.38 g/(kW·h)。该结论可为燃煤机组耦合烟气干化污泥发电系统能耗评估与优化提供参考。

燃煤机组  /  烟气干化污泥  /  锅炉效率  /  厂用电率  /  燃料/燃煤耗率

Co-firing sludge is one of the important approaches to address the challenges of urban sludge accumulation. The field test of co-firing sludge dried by flue gas was conducted in a 350 MW supercritical coal-fired power unit to investigate the effects of blending amount and unit load on system operation and energy consumption. Wet sludge was dried using extracted boiler tail flue gas, with the dried sludge subsequently carried into the furnace for co-combustion. The results show that a positive correlation exists between the wet sludge amount and the temperature/flow rate of drying flue gas. Drying 11 t/h wet sludge required 71 t/h flue gas at 597 ℃. As the sludge blending ratio rose, the boiler thermal efficiency decreased, while the auxiliary power consumption ratio increased. The rise in sensible heat loss in exhaust gas mainly led to the decline in boiler thermal efficiency, and the rises in both unburned carbon heat loss in residue and sensible heat loss in residue were secondary factors. The rise in auxiliary power consumption ratio was primarily attributed to the high power consumption of the sludge drying system, with sludge co-combustion system dominating the rise in auxiliary power consumption ratio. The rise in net coal consumption rate was caused by the decline in boiler thermal efficiency and the rise in auxiliary power consumption ratio, and the rise in auxiliary power consumption ratio contributed more significantly. At 262 MW and with a sludge blending mass ratio of 8.76% (sludge moisture fraction: 83%), the boiler thermal efficiency decreased by 0.260%, the auxiliary power consumption ratio increased by 0.466%, and the net coal consumption rate increased by 2.38 g/(kW·h). The study provides a reference foundation for the energy consumption evaluation and optimization of co-firing sludge dried by flue gas in a coal-fired power unit.

coal-fired power unit  /  sludge dried by flue gas  /  boiler efficiency  /  auxiliary power consumption ratio  /  fuel/coal consumption rate
李源, 马仑, 周海远, 马帅, 陈科峰, 王留锋, 陈青. 燃煤机组掺烧烟气干化污泥能耗特性试验研究. 热力发电, 2026 , 55 (1) : 169 -176 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202503040
Yuan LI, Lun MA, Haiyuan ZHOU, Shuai MA, Kefeng CHEN, Liufeng WANG, Qing CHEN. Experimental investigation on energy consumption characteristics of co-firing sludge dried by flue gas in a coal-fired power unit[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2026 , 55 (1) : 169 -176 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202503040
随着我国城镇化水平不断提高,污水处理过程中产生的污泥产量也逐年增长。城市污泥成分十分复杂,含有重金属、有机污染物、病原体和寄生虫等有害物质[1],严重威胁社会环境和居民健康。实施污泥无害化处置与资源化利用是推动城市可持续发展和落实减污降碳目标的重要任务。燃煤耦合污泥发电技术借助成熟的煤电高效发电系统和污染物集中治理设备,能够无害化、减量化、资源化、规模化消纳城市污泥,具有处理能力强、利用效率高、污染物排放低等优势[2],主要涵盖污泥无预处理直接耦合、污泥蒸汽干化耦合和污泥烟气干化耦合等技术类型[3]
湿污泥普遍具有含水率高、灰分高、热值低的特点,湿污泥直接掺烧易发生制粉系统堵塞等问题,严重影响锅炉正常运行[2]。将污泥含水率由80%干化至小于40%,是提高污泥着火燃烧性能、热能利用效率和规模化处置水平的重要手段[4-7]。近年来,国内外已在燃煤机组掺烧干污泥方面开展了一定的技术研究和工程实践。煤与干污泥掺混会增加混合燃料的着火温度和燃尽温度,同时降低其燃烧效率和可磨性[8-10]。任少辉等[11]模拟研究了烟气干燥污泥的过程,表明高温低速烟气的干燥效率是低温高速烟气的2.67倍。肖懿等[12]实验分析了污泥热解特性及含碳官能团演化过程,发现污泥热解转化率为0.40~0.70时,污泥热解速率加速,污泥中含碳官能团加速发生热解转化。丁先等[13]通过模拟旋流燃烧器内煤/干污泥掺混燃烧行为,发现污泥掺烧会促进挥发分燃烧阶段,小比例掺烧可提前焦炭燃烧阶段,大比例掺烧则推迟焦炭燃烧阶段。Tan等人[14]模拟研究了煤粉炉内半干污泥/干污泥的掺烧特性,当掺烧比例大于10%时,炉内着火和燃烧稳定性明显下降,降低污泥含水率有助于改善炉内燃烧状况和燃烧效率。陈林峰等[15]针对切圆燃烧锅炉分层掺混干污泥的燃烧特性开展模拟研究,发现F层燃烧器掺烧含水率40%污泥,可以基本维持炉内燃烧温度并有利于减少NOx排放。何璐等[16]模拟研究对冲燃烧锅炉掺烧含水率40%污泥的混燃特性,发现掺烧比例10%时,炉内整体燃烧温度下降约10 ℃,而掺烧比例15%时,炉内各受热面温度明显下降且污染物排放显著增加。刘铭宇等[17]利用EBSILON软件对某660 MW燃煤耦合蒸汽干化污泥发电系统进行热力学分析,发现污泥掺烧会增加锅炉和干燥设备的㶲损失,导致系统㶲效率下降,并建议干化污泥含水率控制在小于50%。王一坤等[18]针对300 MW燃煤锅炉掺烧烟气干化污泥开展热力学模拟研究,发现抽取的烟气温度越高,锅炉运行参数受影响越小,并推荐取烟位置选择在锅炉低温过热器出口。此外,污泥烟气干化过程中生成的少量二噁英可在炉内高温环境下降解,当干污泥掺烧比例6%时,锅炉常规污染物、二噁英和重金属均满足环保排放标准[19]
尽管污泥蒸汽干化系统因布置灵活、处置规模大等特点广泛应用于国内外工程项目,但是污泥烟气干化在工程投资和运行成本方面更具优势[6]。当前,国内外已开始尝试采用燃煤耦合烟气干化污泥发电技术规模化处置污泥,然而关于机组耦合烟气干化污泥发电系统能耗的研究相对较少并且多集中在锅炉效率层面[18]。同时,基于电厂效率法的能耗计算方法只能反映“混合燃料”的消耗,无法准确体现真实“煤”的消耗,因此本文采用真实“煤”耗率计算方法[20-21]并明确污泥掺烧分摊的厂用电份额,探究不同工况条件下烟气干化污泥掺烧对机组能耗的影响规律。
试验用燃料包括贫煤和湿污泥,其工业分析及元素分析见表1,其中湿污泥的含水率为83%。
研究选取某350 MW超临界燃煤机组为试验对象,通过现场试验研究烟气干化污泥掺烧对机组能耗的影响。锅炉型号HG-1163/25.4-PM1,为超临界直流、一次再热、对冲燃烧方式,配置20支低NOx旋流燃烧器和5台中速磨煤机,采用正压直吹式制粉系统。汽轮机型号CC350/272.9—24.2/1.1/0.4/566/566,为超临界、三缸双排汽、凝汽式。
图1为锅炉掺烧烟气干化污泥工艺流程。污泥干化研磨机结合了球磨机和风扇磨煤机结构进行集成设计,集污泥干燥、研磨、制粉等功能于一体,湿污泥额定处理量为11 t/h。试验期间,抽取锅炉尾部高温再热器入口烟气和脱硝系统入口烟气进行混合,湿污泥与混合烟气一起进入干化研磨机,发生强烈的传热、传质、粉碎等过程,湿污泥转变为干污泥颗粒。干污泥颗粒在烟气的携带作用下,经过增压风机加压后送入污泥燃烧器,再进入炉内掺混燃烧。
为研究不同工况条件下烟气干化污泥耦合发电系统的性能,机组负荷设定为262、310 MW,湿污泥掺烧量设定为0、5、8、11 t/h。试验期间,保持相同机组负荷下锅炉氧量和主/再热蒸汽温度维持不变。同时,为确保湿污泥干化后具有相近的着火/燃烧性能,将污泥干化研磨机出口温度设定为220 ℃。鉴于湿污泥采用锅炉烟气进行干化并将干化后污泥送入炉内掺烧,污泥掺烧对汽轮机及热力系统影响较小,本文忽略污泥掺烧对汽轮机热耗率的影响。
由于污泥水分大、灰分高、热值低,煤与污泥掺混会降低入炉燃料品质。基于电厂效率法计算系统能耗时,将煤与污泥作为一种“混合燃料”,表征了“混合燃料”的消耗,但无法准确计算“煤”的消耗,更难以全面评估系统能耗水平。图2为燃煤耦合烟气干化污泥发电系统能量平衡图。结合相关研究[20-22],定义机组燃料耗率为系统每生产单位电能所消耗的“煤+污泥”折算标煤量,定义机组燃煤耗率为系统每生产单位电能所消耗的“煤”折算标煤量,基于正平衡法,可得:
bf=mcQc+msQs29.308P
bc=mcQc29.308P
式中:bf为机组燃料耗率,g/(kW·h);bc为机组燃煤耗率,g/(kW·h);mc为煤消耗量,t/h;ms为污泥消耗量,t/h;Qc为煤低位发热量,kJ/kg;Qs为污泥低位发热量,kJ/kg;P为系统发电功率,MW。根据式(1)和式(2),可得:
bc=(1ϕe100)bf
ϕe=ϕmQs(100ϕm)Qc+ϕmQs×100%
ϕm=msmc+ms×100%
式中:ɸe为污泥掺混能量比,%;ɸm为污泥掺混质量比,%。
基于电厂效率法,机组发电/供电燃料耗率可以表示为:
bf,f=ηHR29.308×η100×ηgd100
bg,f=bf,f1L100
式中:bf,f为机组发电燃料耗率,g/(kW·h);bg,f为机组供电燃料耗率,g/(kW·h);ηHR为汽轮机热耗率,kJ/(kW·h);η为锅炉效率,%;ηgd为管道效率,%;L为机组厂用电率,%。
根据式(3),机组发电/供电燃煤耗率表示为:
bf,c=(1ϕe100)bf,f
bg,c=(1ϕe100)bg,f
式中:bf,c为机组发电燃煤耗率,g/(kW·h);bg,c为机组供电燃煤耗率,g/(kW·h)。机组厂用电率L包括污泥分摊的厂用电率和煤分摊的厂用电率两部分,其计算式可以表示为:
L=PcyP×100%
Ls=PsP×100%
Ps=Pzy,s+Pgy,s
Pgy,s=(PcyPzy,sPzy,cPgy,fg)ϕe100+Pgy,fgϕfg100
ϕfg=ϕmVfg,s(100ϕm)Vfg,c+ϕmVfg,s×100%
Lc=LLs
式中:Pcy为机组厂用电功率,MW;Ps为污泥分摊的厂用电功率,MW;Pzy,s为污泥专用的厂用电功率,MW;Pgy,s为煤/污泥共用的归属污泥的厂用电功率,MW;Pzy,c为煤专用的厂用电功率,MW;Pgy,fg为煤/污泥共用的烟气系统厂用电功率,MW;Ls为污泥分摊的厂用电率,%;Lc为煤分摊的厂用电率,%;ɸfg为污泥燃烧生成的烟气占总烟气的体积比,%;Vfg,s为每千克污泥燃烧生成的湿烟气体积(标况下),m3/kg;Vfg,c为每千克煤燃烧生成的湿烟气体积(标况下),m3/kg。
表2为不同工况条件下耦合系统运行参数。由表2可以看出,污泥干化所需的混合烟气温度/流量均随着污泥掺烧量的增加而增加。湿污泥在干化研磨机内的传热传质过程会消耗大量烟气热量,特别是湿污泥中水分的蒸发过程。当污泥处理量为5~11 t/h时,干化研磨机入口烟温为433~597 ℃,入口烟气流量约为57~71 t/h。由于试验过程中设定干化研磨机出口温度为220 ℃,污泥干化研磨机进口混合烟气参数主要与污泥处理量相关,与机组负荷基本无关。干化研磨机及增压风机的总电流随着污泥处理量的增加而增加,这是由于污泥研磨制粉、气力输送过程消耗大量电能导致的。
污泥掺烧后,炉内燃烧温度有所降低,锅炉NOx排放量有所减少,锅炉SO2排放量基本不变,锅炉排烟温度有所增加。由于污泥低位发热量接近于0且污泥干化过程中产生的水蒸汽被烟气携带一起进入炉内,总体来看,污泥掺烧无法减少煤的消耗,更多的是降低掺混燃料的品质,从而降低炉内燃烧温度并同时增加锅炉湿烟气量。与此同时,采用抽炉烟方式干化污泥,大量再循环烟气进入炉膛,又进一步降低炉内燃烧温度并增加锅炉湿烟气量。锅炉湿烟气量增加会缩短烟气与受热面之间的接触时间,导致烟气热量无法充分传递,从而造成锅炉排烟温度上升。污泥掺烧会降低锅炉NOx排放量,一方面是因为炉内燃烧温度降低有助于减少热力型NOx生成,另一方面是由于污泥中燃料-N以挥发分-N为主,挥发分快速释放过程对炉内NOx有一定的还原作用[22]。虽然污泥硫含量小于煤,但污泥水分较大,污泥的干基折算硫分略大于煤,导致污泥掺烧对锅炉SO2排放影响不大。
根据《电站锅炉性能试验规程》(GB/T 10184)标准计算锅炉效率,并将污泥干化研磨机划入锅炉效率计算边界之内。图3为烟气干化污泥掺烧对锅炉效率的影响。可以看出,污泥掺烧会明显降低锅炉效率,且锅炉效率下降量随着污泥掺烧量的增加而增加并随着机组负荷的增加而减小。在锅炉各项热损失中,污泥掺烧会明显增加排烟热损失q2,略微增加机械不完全燃烧热损失q4和灰渣物理显热损失q6,而其他项热损失(化学不完全燃烧热损失q3,锅炉散热损失q5)基本不受污泥掺烧的影响。污泥掺烧时,锅炉排烟温度有所上升,导致排烟热损失q2有所增加。炉内燃烧温度降低不利于煤/污泥的燃尽,同时锅炉湿烟气量增加在一定程度上会缩短炉内颗粒停留时间,进一步降低煤/污泥的燃尽率,从而增加机械不完全燃烧热损失q4。由于污泥灰分较大,污泥掺烧会增加锅炉灰/渣排出量,从而增加灰渣物理显热损失q6。污泥掺烧后,外来热量与燃料低位发热量之比qex有所增加,这主要是因为污泥干化系统所消耗的电能会以外来热量的形式输入锅炉。可以发现,污泥掺烧比例越高,锅炉各项热损失受污泥掺烧的影响越明显。由图3可见:在机组负荷262 MW下,污泥掺烧量为5~11 t/h时,锅炉效率下降0.122%~0.260%;在机组负荷310 MW下,污泥掺烧量为5~11 t/h时,锅炉效率下降0.102%~0.218%。
图4为烟气干化污泥掺烧对机组厂用电率的影响。随着污泥掺烧量的增加,机组厂用电率有所增加;并且机组负荷越低,机组厂用电率增加幅度越明显。污泥掺烧时,一是污泥的干化研磨和气力输送过程会增加干化研磨机和增压风机的电耗;二是入炉混合燃料品质下降会增加锅炉湿烟气量,从而增加锅炉烟气系统的电耗。机组厂用电率增加量中污泥分摊的厂用电率增加量占比较大,而煤分摊的厂用电率增加量占比较小。由于污泥掺混质量比不足10%且污泥掺混能量比不足0.1%,污泥掺烧分摊的烟气侧、汽水侧共用部分电耗相对较小,但是烟气干化污泥过程中干化研磨机、增压风机的电耗较大,导致污泥专用的厂用电功率较大,从而明显增加污泥分摊的厂用电率。污泥掺烧后,煤分摊的厂用电率略有增加,主要是由于污泥掺烧后机组发电效率下降导致燃煤消耗量略有增加造成的。在机组负荷262 MW下,污泥掺烧量为5~11 t/h时,机组厂用电率增加0.255%~0.466%;在机组负荷310 MW下,污泥掺烧量为5~11 t/h时,机组厂用电率增加0.216%~0.395%。
图5为烟气干化污泥掺烧对机组燃料耗率的影响。可以看出,污泥掺烧量越大,机组发电/供电燃料耗率上升量越大;并且机组负荷越小,机组发电/供电燃料耗率上升量也越大。污泥掺烧后,锅炉效率下降导致机组发电燃料耗率上升,锅炉效率下降和机组厂用电率上升共同造成机组供电燃料耗率上升。可以发现,在机组供电燃料耗率增加量中,机组厂用电率上升对应的供电燃料耗率增加量明显大于锅炉效率下降的影响,这主要是因为污泥烟气干化系统消耗了大量电能。在机组负荷262 MW下,污泥掺烧量为5~11 t/h时,机组供电燃料耗率增加1.25~2.42 g/(kW·h);在机组负荷310 MW下,污泥掺烧量为5~11 t/h时,机组供电燃料耗率增加1.04~2.02 g/(kW·h)。
图6为烟气干化污泥掺烧对机组燃煤耗率的影响。由于污泥掺烧后锅炉效率的下降和机组厂用电率的上升,机组发电/供电燃煤耗率有所上升。在污泥掺烧量较大且机组负荷较小时,机组发电/供电燃煤耗率增加量较大。由于污泥掺混能量比不足0.1%,根据式(8)和式(9),机组发电/供电燃煤耗率基本与机组发电/供电燃料耗率保持一致的变化规律,并且机组发电/供电燃煤耗率略微小于机组发电/供电燃料耗率。由于污泥干化系统电耗较大,机组厂用电率上升对应的供电燃煤耗率增加量也明显大于锅炉效率下降的影响。在机组负荷262 MW下,污泥掺烧量为5~11 t/h时,机组供电燃煤耗率增加1.23~2.38 g/kW·h;在机组负荷310 MW下,污泥掺烧量为5~11 t/h时,机组供电燃煤耗率增加1.02~1.98 g/kW·h。
本文通过在某350 MW燃煤机组上开展试验,深入分析了烟气干化污泥掺烧对系统运行和机组能耗的影响,得出以下结论。
1)污泥干化研磨机入口烟气温度和流量随污泥处理量的增加而增加,污泥处理量为11 t/h时,干化研磨机入口烟温和流量为597 ℃和71 t/h。同时,烟气干化污泥掺烧会降低炉内燃烧温度,减少锅炉NOx排放,基本不影响锅炉SO2排放并增加锅炉排烟温度。
2)随着污泥掺烧比例的增加,锅炉效率有所下降,且各项热损失也随之上升。其中,排烟热损失的显著增加是导致锅炉效率降低的主要因素,而机械不完全燃烧热损失和灰渣物理显热损失的增加则是次要因素。在机组负荷262 MW下,污泥掺混质量比8.76%(污泥含水率83%)时,锅炉效率下降0.260%。
3)污泥掺烧会增加机组厂用电率,并且其随着污泥掺烧比例的增加而增加。由于污泥烟气干化时干化研磨机和增压风机的电耗较大,污泥分摊的厂用电率增加量明显大于煤分摊的厂用电率增加量。在机组负荷262 MW下,污泥掺混质量比8.76%(污泥含水率83%)时,机组厂用电率增加0.466%。
4)机组发电/供电燃料耗率和发电/供电燃煤耗率均随着污泥掺烧比例的增加而增加。由于污泥掺混能量比不足0.1%,机组供电燃煤耗率与供电燃料耗率相差不大,锅炉效率下降和机组厂用电率上升导致机组供电燃煤耗率上升,并且机组厂用电率上升对应的供电燃煤耗率增加量明显大于锅炉效率下降的影响。在机组负荷262 MW下,污泥掺混质量比8.76%(污泥含水率83%)时,机组供电燃煤耗率增加2.38 g/(kW·h)。
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFB4106103)
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2026年第55卷第1期
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202503040
  • 接收时间:2025-03-11
  • 首发时间:2026-06-10
  • 出版时间:2026-01-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-11
  • 修回日期:2025-04-16
  • 录用日期:2025-04-17
基金
National Key Research and Development Program(2024YFB4106103)
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFB4106103)
作者信息
    1.润电能源科学技术有限公司,河南 郑州 450052
    2.武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院,湖北 武汉 430070

通讯作者:

马仑(1990),男,博士,研究员,主要研究方向为低碳清洁燃烧与能源高效利用,
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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