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Article(id=1271501703221289947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1271501633826530070, articleNumber=PA20260121_P7wR545H, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202507123, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1753113600000, receivedDateStr=2025-07-22, revisedDate=1754409600000, revisedDateStr=2025-08-06, acceptedDate=1754841600000, acceptedDateStr=2025-08-11, onlineDate=1781079229446, onlineDateStr=2026-06-10, pubDate=1769270400000, pubDateStr=2026-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1781079229406, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1781079229406, creator=admin, updateTime=1781079229406, updator=admin, issue=Issue{id=1271501633826530070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2026', volume='55', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='186', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1769270400000', pubDateStr='2026-01-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1781079212860, creator='ztmeta', updateTime=1786698917413, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1295072383149301815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1271501633826530070, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1295072383149301816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1271501633826530070, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=65, endPage=72, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1271501706341852126, articleId=1271501703221289947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Influence of remolding process on properties of decommissioned wind turbine blades, columnId=1295064621950464805, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Special topic on resource utilization of decommissioned wind and solar power equipment, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To optimize the process parameters for the preparation of regenerated products by mixing the powder of waste wind turbine blades with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and remolding, the Six-sigma DoE method was used to design the experiments to study the effects of various process parameters such as barrel temperature in each zone, confluence core temperature, mold temperature, and main engine speed on the performance of regenerated products. The flexural strength and compressive strength were used as the evaluation indexes of the performance of regenerated products, and the optimum remolding process preparation parameters were obtained combined with the given matching value. The experimental results show that when the flexural strength of 44 MPa and the compressive strength of 31 MPa are selected as target matching values, the optimal process parameters obtained by maximizing the preferred parameters are: front zone barrel temperature of 189 ℃, middle zone barrel temperature of 179 ℃, rear zone barrel temperature of 168 ℃, confluence core temperature of 158 ℃, mold temperature of 156 ℃, and main engine speed of 4.0 r/min. Under this process condition, the flexural strength of the regenerated product is 43.15 MPa, and the compressive strength is 30.73 MPa.

, authors=Qingpan JIANG, Fengxiang ZHOU, Yuwei BU, Faquan HE, Ou CHEN, Hongliang WANG, authorsList=Qingpan JIANG, Fengxiang ZHOU, Yuwei BU, Faquan HE, Ou CHEN, Hongliang WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Faquan HE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1271501706023085021, articleId=1271501703221289947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=CN, title=退役风电叶片重塑成型工艺对产品性能影响, columnId=1295064622122431271, journalTitle=热力发电, columnName=退役风光设备资源化利用专题, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为优化退役风电叶片粉料与高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）混合重塑成型制备再生产品工艺参数，采用Six-sigma DoE方法进行实验设计，研究各区机筒温度、合流芯温度、模具温度、主机转速等对产品性能的影响；并以弯曲强度及压缩强度作为再生产品性能评价指标，结合给定匹配值得到最优重塑成型工艺参数。实验结果表明：选定弯曲强度44 MPa和压缩强度31 MPa作为目标匹配值时，最大化意愿获取最优工艺参数，即机筒前区温度为189 ℃，机筒中区温度为179 ℃，机筒后区温度为168 ℃，合流芯温度为158 ℃，模具温度为156 ℃，主机转速为4.0 r/min，在此工艺条件下再生产品的弯曲强度为43.15 MPa，压缩强度为30.73 MPa。

, authors=江清潘, 周凤翔, 布雨薇, 何发泉, 陈鸥, 王洪亮, authorsList=江清潘, 周凤翔, 布雨薇, 何发泉, 陈鸥, 王洪亮, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=何发泉, authorNote=

江清潘（1986），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为新能源固废资源化利用，。

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何发泉（1970），男，博士，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为低碳环保与固废资源化利用，。
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江清潘（1986），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为新能源固废资源化利用，。

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江清潘（1986），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为新能源固废资源化利用，。

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journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, companyId=1295071782990541359, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=国能龙源环保有限公司，北京 100039)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1295071785091887704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=The simulated-experimental values of flexural strength and compressive strength, figureFileSmall=TYmQYbq+XPVEsG6d7EVEhw==, figureFileBig=yDX/af3ORCselo6HgCPtuA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295071785163190873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, language=CN, label=图1, caption=弯曲强度和压缩强度模拟值-实验值, figureFileSmall=TYmQYbq+XPVEsG6d7EVEhw==, figureFileBig=yDX/af3ORCselo6HgCPtuA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295071786891244122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, language=EN, 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figureFileBig=RGRx9DDeVqOs9AfG+c6NPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295071787528778337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, language=CN, label=图5, caption=前端高温弯曲强度、压缩强度变化曲面, figureFileSmall=rq419+rqoUWx5/15EPJVeQ==, figureFileBig=RGRx9DDeVqOs9AfG+c6NPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295071787591692898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Simulation results of maximum willingness, figureFileSmall=PQpYdAb6ZtjsE+2CRQIxMw==, figureFileBig=J0kwPWVdwQH3HukVGOv88A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295071787654607459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, language=CN, label=图6, caption=最大化意愿模拟结果, figureFileSmall=PQpYdAb6ZtjsE+2CRQIxMw==, figureFileBig=J0kwPWVdwQH3HukVGOv88A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295071787721716324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Value ranges of the process parameters

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素取值范围
机筒前区温度Y1/℃172~192
机筒中区温度Y2/℃164~184
机筒后区温度Y3/℃152~174
合流芯温度Y4/℃145~170
模具温度Y5/℃147~175
主机转速Y6/（r·min–1）3.5~5.5
), ArticleFig(id=1295071787780436581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

工艺参数取值范围

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素取值范围
机筒前区温度Y1/℃172~192
机筒中区温度Y2/℃164~184
机筒后区温度Y3/℃152~174
合流芯温度Y4/℃145~170
模具温度Y5/℃147~175
主机转速Y6/（r·min–1）3.5~5.5
), ArticleFig(id=1295071787843351142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Experimental results of different process parameters

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号机筒前区温度Y1/℃机筒中区温度Y2/℃机筒后区温度Y3/℃合流芯温度Y4/℃模具温度Y5/℃主机转速Y6/（r·min–1）弯曲强度/MPa压缩强度/MPa
11921641621451755.541.316.7
21841841741701755.533.49.1
31901841741451475.546.822.3
41881701681641753.538.120.9
51921841741451753.549.217.0
61921841521701475.553.719.1
71731731521671755.546.912.8
81921641521701473.546.922.3
91721641521451755.542.219.7
101741711691451754.545.813.9
111921641521701755.546.615.4
121721671651591475.547.719.6
131921701681451473.549.624.2
141721691671701753.544.314.6
151781781541451475.545.124.3
161921841521451473.546.328.8
171921751731521755.540.47.8
181721641521481473.540.029.9
191921641521451475.546.832.6
201921841521701753.542.028.5
211921841521451755.545.223.8
221921641521451753.540.723.6
231921751731691475.539.034.0
241801801521661473.539.917.8
251821821721621473.544.945.4
261791791521501753.538.517.6
271841741611571614.543.416.8
281841741611571614.546.115.6
), ArticleFig(id=1295071787935625831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同工艺参数实验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号机筒前区温度Y1/℃机筒中区温度Y2/℃机筒后区温度Y3/℃合流芯温度Y4/℃模具温度Y5/℃主机转速Y6/（r·min–1）弯曲强度/MPa压缩强度/MPa
11921641621451755.541.316.7
21841841741701755.533.49.1
31901841741451475.546.822.3
41881701681641753.538.120.9
51921841741451753.549.217.0
61921841521701475.553.719.1
71731731521671755.546.912.8
81921641521701473.546.922.3
91721641521451755.542.219.7
101741711691451754.545.813.9
111921641521701755.546.615.4
121721671651591475.547.719.6
131921701681451473.549.624.2
141721691671701753.544.314.6
151781781541451475.545.124.3
161921841521451473.546.328.8
171921751731521755.540.47.8
181721641521481473.540.029.9
191921641521451475.546.832.6
201921841521701753.542.028.5
211921841521451755.545.223.8
221921641521451753.540.723.6
231921751731691475.539.034.0
241801801521661473.539.917.8
251821821721621473.544.945.4
261791791521501753.538.517.6
271841741611571614.543.416.8
281841741611571614.546.115.6
), ArticleFig(id=1295071788019511912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

The optimal process parameters

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目取值项目取值
Y1/℃189弯曲强度模拟值/MPa44.12
Y2/℃179弯曲强度实验值/MPa43.15
Y3/℃168压缩强度模拟值/MPa31.38
Y4/℃158压缩强度实验值/MPa30.73
Y5/℃156
Y6/（r·min–1）4.0
), ArticleFig(id=1295071788086620777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1271501703221289947, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

最优工艺参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目取值项目取值
Y1/℃189弯曲强度模拟值/MPa44.12
Y2/℃179弯曲强度实验值/MPa43.15
Y3/℃168压缩强度模拟值/MPa31.38
Y4/℃158压缩强度实验值/MPa30.73
Y5/℃156
Y6/（r·min–1）4.0
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退役风电叶片重塑成型工艺对产品性能影响
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江清潘 , 周凤翔 , 布雨薇 , 何发泉 , 陈鸥 , 王洪亮
热力发电 | 退役风光设备资源化利用专题 2026,55(1): 65-72
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热力发电 |退役风光设备资源化利用专题 2026 , 55 (1) : 65 -72
退役风电叶片重塑成型工艺对产品性能影响
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江清潘 , 周凤翔, 布雨薇, 何发泉 , 陈鸥, 王洪亮
作者信息
  • 国能龙源环保有限公司，北京 100039
通讯作者:
何发泉（1970），男，博士，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为低碳环保与固废资源化利用，。
作者简介:

江清潘（1986），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为新能源固废资源化利用，。

Influence of remolding process on properties of decommissioned wind turbine blades
Qingpan JIANG , Fengxiang ZHOU, Yuwei BU, Faquan HE , Ou CHEN, Hongliang WANG
Affiliations
  • China Energy Longyuan Environmental Protection Co., Ltd., Beijing 100039, China
出版时间: 2026-01-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202507123
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摘要
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为优化退役风电叶片粉料与高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）混合重塑成型制备再生产品工艺参数，采用Six-sigma DoE方法进行实验设计，研究各区机筒温度、合流芯温度、模具温度、主机转速等对产品性能的影响；并以弯曲强度及压缩强度作为再生产品性能评价指标，结合给定匹配值得到最优重塑成型工艺参数。实验结果表明：选定弯曲强度44 MPa和压缩强度31 MPa作为目标匹配值时，最大化意愿获取最优工艺参数，即机筒前区温度为189 ℃，机筒中区温度为179 ℃，机筒后区温度为168 ℃，合流芯温度为158 ℃，模具温度为156 ℃，主机转速为4.0 r/min，在此工艺条件下再生产品的弯曲强度为43.15 MPa，压缩强度为30.73 MPa。

风电叶片  /  成型工艺  /  Six-sigma DoE法  /  工艺参数

To optimize the process parameters for the preparation of regenerated products by mixing the powder of waste wind turbine blades with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and remolding, the Six-sigma DoE method was used to design the experiments to study the effects of various process parameters such as barrel temperature in each zone, confluence core temperature, mold temperature, and main engine speed on the performance of regenerated products. The flexural strength and compressive strength were used as the evaluation indexes of the performance of regenerated products, and the optimum remolding process preparation parameters were obtained combined with the given matching value. The experimental results show that when the flexural strength of 44 MPa and the compressive strength of 31 MPa are selected as target matching values, the optimal process parameters obtained by maximizing the preferred parameters are: front zone barrel temperature of 189 ℃, middle zone barrel temperature of 179 ℃, rear zone barrel temperature of 168 ℃, confluence core temperature of 158 ℃, mold temperature of 156 ℃, and main engine speed of 4.0 r/min. Under this process condition, the flexural strength of the regenerated product is 43.15 MPa, and the compressive strength is 30.73 MPa.

wind turbine blades  /  molding process  /  Six-sigma DoE method  /  process parameters
江清潘, 周凤翔, 布雨薇, 何发泉, 陈鸥, 王洪亮. 退役风电叶片重塑成型工艺对产品性能影响. 热力发电, 2026 , 55 (1) : 65 -72 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202507123
Qingpan JIANG, Fengxiang ZHOU, Yuwei BU, Faquan HE, Ou CHEN, Hongliang WANG. Influence of remolding process on properties of decommissioned wind turbine blades[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2026 , 55 (1) : 65 -72 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202507123
正文
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我国是全球最大的风电装机国和风电整机装备生产国。由复合材料制成的风电叶片使用寿命一般为20~30年[1-5]。随着早期风电机组的退役及“上大压小”的需求，中国将迎来退役叶片报废潮[6-8]。
风电叶片主体材料通常为玻璃纤维与树脂的复合材料，材料组成复杂。如何规模化处理大宗报废风电叶片仍是当前风电行业和固废领域的挑战之一[9-11]。将退役风电叶片粉碎后再重塑成型的工艺是目前可实现产业化的方式之一，通过将叶片粉碎至一定粒径，再结合热塑性树脂及其他助剂混料后压力成型，可获取不同性能的再生产品，因其可实现全量化处置，在现阶段已逐渐发展为退役风电叶片循环利用的重要技术手段之一[12-17]。挤出成型工艺是叶片粉料与树脂混合后的主要成型方式之一，可根据应用场景需求定制不同形状模具及相应的加工工艺[18-19]。然而，挤出成型工艺涉及的工艺参数较多且相互交叉影响，在实际生产中如何合理控制混料温度、挤出机温度及主机转速等参数是保证再生产品性能的关键[20-22]。
本文以切割粉碎至一定粒径的退役风电叶片为研究对象，以高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）为基体树脂，探索挤出重塑成型中主要工艺参数对再生产品性能的影响；采用Six-sigma DoE方法定制设计实验[23-25]，分析得到各参数对性能的影响；最后给定目标值探索最优重塑成型工艺参数，为再生产品定制生产推广奠定工艺基础。
1　实验部分
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1.1　实验原料及设备
退役风电叶片为歌美飒的BD00S0000，材质为玻璃钢，粒径为250~425 μm。树脂采用吉林石化生产的HDPE，型号为JHMGC100S。混料机型号SHR-50A，生产厂家为江苏飞鸽友联机械股份有限公司。锥形双螺杆挤出机型号SJZ51/105，生产厂家为江苏飞鸽友联机械股份有限公司。恒温恒湿箱型号LHS-250CAY，生产厂家为上海齐欣科学仪器有限公司。万能制样机型号SD-240，生产厂家为上海松顿仪器制造有限公司。微机控制电子万能材料试验机型号IS768-20KN，生产厂家为上海松顿仪器制造有限公司。
1.2　实验方案
退役风电叶片重塑成型主要的工艺参数包括混料温度、混料转速、给料转速、机筒温度、合流芯温度、模具温度、主机转速、机头压力、冷却水温度、牵引转速等。通过Six-sigmaDoE法确定性筛选，选定机筒前区温度、机筒中区温度、机筒后区温度、合流芯温度、模具温度、主机转速6个参数作为研究对象。这6个参数系统性覆盖了从物料准备到最终成型的关键控制节点。其中，机筒中区温度和主机转速为最核心的参数，直接决定了熔体质量；模具温度对产品最终定型至关重要；机筒前区温度保证了熔体进入关键区域前的稳定性；合流芯温度对纤维增强效果有显著影响；机筒后区温度是工艺稳定运行的保障。
Six-sigma DoE定制设计方法模型采用主效应和各参数的二次交互作用模式，设计28组实验。根据前期实验成果，各参数的取值范围见表1。
1.3　试样制备
叶片粉料与HDPE的质量比越高，具有流变性的热塑性树脂占比越低，试样的融合性较差，相应的成型效果越差。将退役风电叶片经切割、破碎、球磨至250~425 μm颗粒，与HDPE按2：1的质量比混合，加入适量KH-550偶联剂、填料及其他助剂，在高速混合机中共混均匀，其后将共混物料输送至螺杆挤出机进料口，按28组实验设计工艺参数制备样品。
1.4　性能测试
按《塑料弯曲性能的测定》（GB/T 9341—2008）测试试样的弯曲强度，试样规格为80 mm×10 mm×4 mm；按《塑料压缩性能的测定》（GB/T 1041—2008）测试试样的压缩强度，试样规格为10 mm×10 mm×4 mm。采用万能制样机将试样切割成相应的规格，以微机控制电子万能材料试验机按照相关标准测试性能。
2　建立数学模型
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根据上述工艺条件，进行了28次实验，结果如表2所示。根据性能实验数据，采用标准最小二乘法获得数学模型为：
p1=43.882+0.112 2Z1−1.196 4Z2−0.034 2Z3−1.132 3Z4−1.586Z5+0.255 2Z6+Z1×Z2×1.747 9−Z1×Z3×1.948 6−Z1×Z4×0.811 7−Z1×Z5×0.726−Z1×Z6×0.455 7−Z2×Z3×0.187 3−Z2×Z4×0.697 1−Z2×Z5×0.008 1+Z2×Z6×0.321 2−Z3×Z4×3.026 9−Z3×Z5×0.070 6−Z3×Z6×2.470 2−Z4×Z5×0.196 5+Z4×Z6×0.736 5−Z5×Z6×0.368 3
P2=21.163 9+3.281 1×Z1+0.318 2×Z2 +1.446 2×Z3−0.84×Z4−6.073 9×Z5−4.418 2×Z6+Z1×Z2×2.037 5−Z1×Z3×1.014 2+Z1×Z4×2.755 6+Z1×Z5×0.128 0+Z1×Z6×0.566 8+Z2×Z6×1.631 6+Z2×Z4×1.811 7+Z2×Z5×0.462 3−Z2×Z6×1.708 3+Z3×Z4×4.460 6−Z3×Z5×4.488 5−Z3×Z6×2.961 8+Z4×Z5×0.158 3−Z4×Z6×1.728 1+Z5×Z6×0.396 5
式中：Z1=（Y1–182）/10；Z2=（Y2–174）/10；Z3=（Y3–163）/11；Z4=（Y4–157.5）/12.5；Z5=（Y5–161）/14；Z6=Y6–4.5。
由数学模型可以看出，弯曲强度影响因素强弱顺序为机筒中区温度、合流芯温度及模具温度。压缩强度影响因素强弱顺序为机筒前区温度、模具温度及主机转速。
图1为弯曲强度和压缩强度模拟值、实验值。由图1可见：弯曲强度和压缩强度的决定系数R2分别为0.98和0.96，说明模型拟合度极佳，模拟结果准确可靠；弯曲强度和压缩强度P值分别为0.001 6和0.013 1，均小于0.05，证实影响因素与结果存在显著关联。
3　实验及模拟结果分析
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3.1　影响因素分析
3.1.1　挤出工艺前端温度较低
挤出工艺前端温度包括机筒前区温度、机筒中区温度、机筒后区温度，这3个变量均取固定较低值，采用JMP软件分析其余工艺参数对性能的影响，结果如图2和图3所示。由图2和图3可知：弯曲强度随合流芯温度Y4和主机转速Y6的提升而提升，随模具温度Y5的提升而降低；压缩强度随Y4、Y5和Y6的提升而降低。
挤出机前端温度低时，物料前端塑化不足，提高合流芯温度和主机转速可以显著改善塑料基体的塑化程度，降低熔体黏度，从而极大地促进塑料对叶片粉料的浸润，强化界面结合，改善叶片粉料分散度。良好的界面结合是弯曲强度提升的主要驱动力，增加的剪切热和剪切作用增强了塑化和混合，提升了取向度，因此提高合流芯温度和主机转速主要解决了塑化不足和界面结合差这个主要矛盾，从而提升了弯曲强度。但提高主机转速会导致产品密度降低，因此压缩强度随着主机转速的提升出现轻微的下降趋势。而在挤出机前端温度低的特定条件下，低温熔体本不致密，合流芯温度升高虽能改善流动性，但会削弱分子间作用力，形成微孔洞，导致压缩强度降低。
挤出机前端温度较低时，提高模具温度会导致挤出物冷却速率过慢，使得在模腔内形成的特别是沿挤出方向的分子链和纤维取向结构发生松弛（解取向），从而削弱了弯曲强度。同时，冷却速率过慢可能导致更明显的后收缩，降低材料致密性和压缩强度。
弯曲强度对界面结合和取向结构非常敏感，低温熔体需适度升温以改善流动性以利取向；而压缩强度对材料的密度更为敏感，低温熔体基础致密性差，升温会进一步弱化分子间作用力。
3.1.2　挤出工艺前端温度较高
挤出机前端温度高时，物料前端塑化充分，熔体黏度较低。将机筒前区温度、机筒中区温度、机筒后区温度取固定较高值，分析其余工艺参数对性能的影响，结果如图4和图5所示。由图4和图5可知：弯曲强度随合流芯温度Y4、模具温度Y5和主机转速Y6的升高而降低；压缩强度随Y5和Y6的升高而降低，随Y4的升高而增大。
合流芯温度Y4提升后加剧分子链热运动，使挤出过程中形成的分子链取向结构（增强刚性的关键）快速松弛解离，削弱材料刚性，进而降低弯曲强度。合流芯温度提升后熔体流动性增强，促进分子链渗透和缠结，可起到以下3个作用：1）消除内应力，松弛螺杆剪切积累的残余应力，减少内部缺陷；2）改善分散均匀性，使填料/助剂分布更均一，减少应力集中点；3）优化结晶前体，均一的熔体结构有利于后续形成更细密的晶体网络。因此，合流芯温度的适当提升有助于提高压缩强度。
模具温度Y5提升能减缓熔体冷却速度，延长分子链在高温下的松弛时间，进一步破坏取向结构，降低弯曲强度。同时，缓慢冷却使得半结晶聚合物（PE）形成大尺寸球晶，而大球晶界面结合力弱，易成为应力集中点，弯曲时引发裂纹扩展，受压时晶界易滑移或开裂，导致弯曲强度和压缩强度同时降低；另外，缓慢冷却可能导致更明显的后收缩，降低材料致密性和压缩强度。尽管模具温度高有负面影响，但均质熔体的基础作用更强，挤出机前端高温背景下，合流芯的均质化效果超过了模具冷却速率过慢的负面影响，因此一定范围内合流芯温度的提升有助于提高压缩强度。
挤出机前端温度高时，主机转速Y6增大后物料停留时间缩短，分子链来不及形成稳定取向，高剪切速率产生更多热量同时叠加前端高温，加剧解取向，降低弯曲强度。而且高温下快速挤出，停留时间短，高速剪切引发局部过热降解，熔体塑化不均产生弱界面，形成疏松结构，会降低压缩强度。
压缩强度受益于缺陷修复，高温下适度升温可促进分子链重排，填充微孔洞提升致密性；而弯曲强度受制于解取向，高温熔体无法维持取向结构而降低刚性。
3.2　参数优化
根据弯曲强度和压缩强度的分布区间，在实际应用中弯曲强度大于35 MPa时再生产品抵抗弯曲变形和断裂的性能优异，故弯曲强度选取33~ 50 MPa，选定目标值44 MPa；压缩强度大于20 MPa时再生产品性能优异，压缩强度选取20~40 MPa，选定目标值31 MPa。弯曲强度和压缩强度的意愿权重为1：1，最大化意愿获取工艺参数结果如图6所示。
根据弯曲强度和压缩强度的目标值44、31 MPa，匹配目标值并最大化意愿参数，获得最优的工艺参数和相应模拟值，并在此工艺参数条件下制备样品开展挤出成型实验得到实际弯曲强度和压缩强度测试值，详见表3。由表3可见：弯曲强度和压缩强度实际值均接近目标值，再生产品的弯曲强度为43.15 MPa，压缩强度为30.73 MPa；最优工艺参数为机筒前区温度189 ℃，机筒中区温度179 ℃，机筒后区温度168 ℃，合流芯温度158 ℃，模具温度156 ℃，主机转速4.0 r/min。
4　结论
收起
为优化退役风电叶片粉料与高密度聚乙烯混合重塑成型制备再生产品工艺参数，采用Six-sigma DoE法定制设计实验，制备不同工艺参数的再生产品，分析了机筒前区温度、机筒中区温度、机筒后区温度、合流芯温度、模具温度、主机转速6个因素对再生产品性能的影响，得出以下结论。
1）弯曲强度影响强弱顺序为机筒中区温度、合流芯温度及模具温度。压缩强度影响强弱顺序为机筒前区温度、模具温度及主机转速。弯曲强度依赖分子链取向，需在熔体刚性状态下通过剪切加快速冷却锁定结构。压缩强度依赖材料致密性，需平衡熔体流动性（消除缺陷）与结晶控制（抑制大球晶）。前端温度是调控基点，决定其他参数的作用方向与敏感性。
2）为提高弯曲强度，在前端低温工况下需提高合流芯温度可改善流动性以利取向，提升主机转速可增强剪切取向，降低模具温度可快速冷却锁定取向结构；在前端高温工况下需降低合流芯温度可抑制过度松弛，降低主机转速可减少剪切热与降解，降低模具温度可快速冷却防止解取向。
3）为提高压缩强度，在前端低温工况下需降低合流芯温度可避免过度塑化而降低致密性，降低模具温度可抑制大球晶，降低主机转速可确保熔体均匀性；在前端高温工况下提高合流芯温度可促进熔体均质化，修复缺陷，降低模具温度可限制大球晶生长，降低主机转速可减少降解风险。
4）采用挤出工艺法制备退役风电叶片再生产品，选定弯曲强度44 MPa和压缩强度31 MPa作为目标值，获取的最优工艺参数为：机筒前区温度189 ℃，机筒中区温度179 ℃，机筒后区温度168 ℃，合流芯温度158 ℃，模具温度156 ℃，主机转速4.0 r/min。在此工艺条件下，再生产品的弯曲强度为43.15 MPa，压缩强度为30.73 MPa。
基金
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  • 上海市2020年度“科技创新行动计划”社会发展科技攻关项目
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202507123
  • 接收时间：2025-07-22
  • 首发时间：2026-06-10
  • 出版时间：2026-01-25
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  • 收稿日期：2025-07-22
  • 修回日期：2025-08-06
  • 录用日期：2025-08-11
基金
上海市2020年度“科技创新行动计划”社会发展科技攻关项目
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    国能龙源环保有限公司，北京 100039

通讯作者:

何发泉（1970），男，博士，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为低碳环保与固废资源化利用，。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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