Article(id=1236714919136129741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236714913599648374, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202406158, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1717516800000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-05, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1772785413773, onlineDateStr=2026-03-06, pubDate=1742832000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1772785413773, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1772785413773, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772785413773, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1236714913599648374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2025', volume='54', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='166', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1772785412454, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772785487409, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1236715228050813334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236714913599648374, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1236715228050813335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236714913599648374, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=150, endPage=157, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1236714919576531674, articleId=1236714919136129741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Research on modified active disturbance rejection control and its engineering application for superheated steam temperature system, columnId=1211002409397129992, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Power generation technology forum, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Superheated steam temperature is crucial for safety and economy of coal-fired power units. However, the large inertia and strong uncertainty of superheated steam temperature system make it difficult to control. To solve these difficulties, a cascade control structure based on modified active disturbance rejection control is proposed. The inner loop uses a conventional PI controller and the outer loop uses a modified active disturbance rejection controller. An engineering tuning method for modified active disturbance rejection control is provided, and a response curve to optimize the compensation time constant is designed to address the difficulty of obtaining the compensation time constant. Finally, the advantages of the proposed control strategy in tracking and disturbance rejection performance under large-scale variable loads are verified through comparative simulations and practical engineering applications. The operational data of engineering applications shows that the proposed method can ensure smaller maximum positive and negative deviations, average absolute deviation, and deviation standard deviation, which has significant advantages and potential for engineering applications.

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过热汽温对于燃煤机组的安全性、经济性十分重要,然而,由于过热汽温系统的大惯性和强不确定性使得其控制难度较大。为此,提出了一种基于改进自抗扰控制的串级控制结构,内环采用常规PI控制器,外环采用改进自抗扰控制器,并给出了改进自抗扰控制的工程整定方法,同时针对补偿环节时间常数难以得到的难点,设计了基于响应曲线的补偿环节时间常数优化方法。最后通过对比仿真和实际工程应用,验证了所提控制策略在大范围变负荷下的设定值跟踪和抗干扰性性能的优势,工程应用的运行数据显示所提方法能够保证更小的偏差、平均绝对偏差与偏差标准差,具有明显的优势和工程应用潜力。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
吴振龙(1992),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为自抗扰控制及其工程应用,
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=64dYFdgcKLhkeC37AwVXBA==, magXml=zltGdx/KGnmxnG1Tw89QtA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=dOeEuEGGEHaey4Zfa6W8kA==, pdfFileSize=1831587, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=NKE6sQybJf61mPIHQWjffA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=9aqHUK3QjlB5Z//LiHu90Q==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

王永(1984),男,工程师,主要研究方向为火电机组运行与控制,

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王永(1984),男,工程师,主要研究方向为火电机组运行与控制,

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journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236714919136129741, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

The controller parameters of the secondary steam temperature system

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
控制策略主控制器参数副控制器参数
PIDf-PIkp2=10/57、Ti2=330、Td2=72kp1=-10/42、
Ti1=180
MADRC-PIK1=0.036、b0=0.07、
ω0=0.25、T˜=30
), ArticleFig(id=1236714929550585990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236714919136129741, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

二级过热汽温系统的各控制器参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
控制策略主控制器参数副控制器参数
PIDf-PIkp2=10/57、Ti2=330、Td2=72kp1=-10/42、
Ti1=180
MADRC-PIK1=0.036、b0=0.07、
ω0=0.25、T˜=30
), ArticleFig(id=1236714929659637898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236714919136129741, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

The performance indicators for switching experiments of the secondary steam temperature system

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
控制策略负荷范围/MWe+/℃e-/℃e¯abs/℃σe/℃
PIDf-PI[498.5, 523.2]4.034.621.611.95
MADRC-PI[488.8, 518.5]3.522.471.011.26
), ArticleFig(id=1236714929785467025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236714919136129741, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

二级过热汽温系统切换试验的性能指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
控制策略负荷范围/MWe+/℃e-/℃e¯abs/℃σe/℃
PIDf-PI[498.5, 523.2]4.034.621.611.95
MADRC-PI[488.8, 518.5]3.522.471.011.26
), ArticleFig(id=1236714929873547411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236714919136129741, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

The performance indicators of the secondary steam temperature system at 540~560 MW

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
控制策略负荷范围/MWe+/℃e-/℃e¯abs/℃σe/℃
PIDf-PI[543.1, 556.7]4.437.472.642.53
MADRC-PI[538.5, 558.0]3.911.911.251.46
), ArticleFig(id=1236714929990987932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236714919136129741, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

540~560 MW负荷下二级过热汽温系统的性能指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
控制策略负荷范围/MWe+/℃e-/℃e¯abs/℃σe/℃
PIDf-PI[543.1, 556.7]4.437.472.642.53
MADRC-PI[538.5, 558.0]3.911.911.251.46
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过热汽温系统改进自抗扰控制及其工程应用研究
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王永 1 , 史耕金 1 , 吴振龙 2
热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2025,54(3): 150-157
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热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2025, 54(3): 150-157
过热汽温系统改进自抗扰控制及其工程应用研究
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王永1 , 史耕金1, 吴振龙2
作者信息
  • 1.中国电力国际发展有限公司,北京 100080
  • 2.郑州大学电气与信息工程学院,河南 郑州 450001
  • 王永(1984),男,工程师,主要研究方向为火电机组运行与控制,

通讯作者:

吴振龙(1992),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为自抗扰控制及其工程应用,
Research on modified active disturbance rejection control and its engineering application for superheated steam temperature system
Yong WANG1 , Gengjin SHI1, Zhenlong WU2
Affiliations
  • 1.China Power International Development Limited, Beijing 100080, China
  • 2.School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
出版时间: 2025-03-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202406158
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过热汽温对于燃煤机组的安全性、经济性十分重要,然而,由于过热汽温系统的大惯性和强不确定性使得其控制难度较大。为此,提出了一种基于改进自抗扰控制的串级控制结构,内环采用常规PI控制器,外环采用改进自抗扰控制器,并给出了改进自抗扰控制的工程整定方法,同时针对补偿环节时间常数难以得到的难点,设计了基于响应曲线的补偿环节时间常数优化方法。最后通过对比仿真和实际工程应用,验证了所提控制策略在大范围变负荷下的设定值跟踪和抗干扰性性能的优势,工程应用的运行数据显示所提方法能够保证更小的偏差、平均绝对偏差与偏差标准差,具有明显的优势和工程应用潜力。

过热汽温系统  /  改进自抗扰控制  /  参数整定  /  工程应用

Superheated steam temperature is crucial for safety and economy of coal-fired power units. However, the large inertia and strong uncertainty of superheated steam temperature system make it difficult to control. To solve these difficulties, a cascade control structure based on modified active disturbance rejection control is proposed. The inner loop uses a conventional PI controller and the outer loop uses a modified active disturbance rejection controller. An engineering tuning method for modified active disturbance rejection control is provided, and a response curve to optimize the compensation time constant is designed to address the difficulty of obtaining the compensation time constant. Finally, the advantages of the proposed control strategy in tracking and disturbance rejection performance under large-scale variable loads are verified through comparative simulations and practical engineering applications. The operational data of engineering applications shows that the proposed method can ensure smaller maximum positive and negative deviations, average absolute deviation, and deviation standard deviation, which has significant advantages and potential for engineering applications.

superheated steam temperature system  /  modified active disturbance rejection control  /  parameter tuning  /  engineering application
王永, 史耕金, 吴振龙. 过热汽温系统改进自抗扰控制及其工程应用研究. 热力发电, 2025 , 54 (3) : 150 -157 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202406158
Yong WANG, Gengjin SHI, Zhenlong WU. Research on modified active disturbance rejection control and its engineering application for superheated steam temperature system[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2025 , 54 (3) : 150 -157 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202406158
过热汽温是燃煤机组安全、稳定和经济运行的关键参数之一。过热汽温过高或过低,将对机组造成不可逆的损害。若汽温过高,则管道容易发生爆裂;若汽温过低,则机组整体热效率下降。大部分燃煤机组的二级过热汽温应设定在500~620 ℃之间,为了保证燃煤机组的运行经济性和安全性,理想情况下汽温与其设定值之间的偏差应在±5 ℃[1]。为了构建新型电力系统,越来越多的燃煤机组参与深度调峰,大范围升降负荷对过热汽温的控制带来了更大的难度。
然而,过热汽温系统涉及烟气的对流换热、辐射换热等过程,其温度变化具有强分布参数以及大惯性大迟延特性[2],这对于过热汽温系统的控制带来巨大的挑战。热工控制中为了描述过热汽温系统的动态特性,一般采用Gp(s)=K/(Ts+1)n进行描述,其中KTn∈[3,5]分别为过热汽温系统的稳态增益、时间常数和阶次。
为了提升过热汽温系统对于由于负荷升降、其他未知扰动等带来温度波动的抑制能力,许多学者针对过热汽温系统设计了不同的控制策略。文献[3]提出了面向过热汽温系统的具有比例-积分-微分(proportional integral derivative,PID)补偿环节的控制策略,用于提升变负荷过程中的汽温偏差抑制能力。文献[4]设计了基于预测模型的动态预测PID控制算法,通过仿真验证了其在抗干扰方面的优势。结合高阶滑模观测器,文献[5]构建了非线性抗干扰控制方法,仿真验证了所提方法在抑制多种扰动和维持过热汽温稳定的能力。为了提升燃煤机组过热汽温控制系统在自启停控制系统中的设定值跟踪能力,文献[6]设计了包含扰动前馈的多模型阶梯式预测控制策略,并通过仿真验证了该策略的有效性。随着人工智能技术的发展和计算机算力的增强,基于神经网络的过热汽温控制系统也逐步开始尝试设计[7-9]。文献[7]提出一种基于物理引导神经网络的预测前馈信号模型用于提升过热汽温系统的响应速度。文献[8]设计了基于深度神经网络的动态前馈控制策略,提高了过热器蒸汽出口温度波动的抑制能力。文献[9]设计了基于长短时记忆神经网络的动态模型与模型预测控制的先进控制策略,实现了大范围变工况下的汽温波动范围有效缩小。尽管PID具有算法可靠、参数易于整定、工程易于实现等优点,但由于其依赖误差反馈,对于非线性、大惯性系统的控制能力有限[10]。依赖精确数学模型的模型预测控制在标称工况下具有满意的控制品质,然而当过热汽温系统偏离标称工况,其控制品质有明显下降。尽管神经网络在动态特性拟合方面性能突出,然而其现场部署和实际应用依旧面临着较大的挑战。
综上所述,过热汽温系统的控制器应该具有强抗干扰能力、鲁棒性和不依赖精确数学模型,并具有易于实现的特性。近年来,自抗扰控制(active disturbance rejection control,ADRC)由于具有强抗干扰能力、鲁棒性、不依赖精确数学模型和易于实现的优点得到广泛应用。ADRC已经成功应用在燃煤机组脱硝系统[11]、主蒸汽压力系统[12]、大延迟系统[13-14]、加热器水位系统[15]、压电智能结构系统[16]、湿式烟气脱硫系统[17]、机器人系统[18]、汽包水位系统[19]和光伏逆变器母线电压控制系统[20]等。此外,ADRC也尝试在过热汽温系统中进行应用,文献[21-23]分别报道了基于人群搜索算法优化的ADRC、多目标粒子群算法优化的ADRC和改进ADRC(modified active disturbance rejection control,MADRC)在过热汽温系统中的应用。上述文献中提到的ADRC都是针对模型已知工况下设计的,然而由于过热汽温系统频繁受到其他回路的干扰,使得其高阶惯性传递函数模型难以通过开环响应曲线获得。本文关注模型未知的情况下基于闭环曲线下优化MADRC参数,并将MADRC应用在实际机组中,通过实际机组的过热汽温系统的运行数据验证MADRC的性能提升。
燃煤机组过热汽温系统如图1所示。由图1可见,过热汽温系统包含有一级过热汽温系统和二级过热汽温系统,后者的出口温度比前者的出口温度要高很多,控制难度也更大,并且其出口温度的稳定对于机组的经济性和安全性都十分重要。因此,本文研究二级过热汽温系统的控制。
二级减温水阀布置在二级过热器之前和屏式过热器之后,用于精准调节过热蒸汽的温度。二级过热汽温系统采用串级控制结构如图2所示。图2中:二级过热器的入口温度和出口温度分别为串级控制结构中的y1y2;二级减温水阀开度为u1d1d2分别为二级过热汽温系统的副对象和主对象受到的外部扰动;此外,G1(s)和G2(s)分别为串级控制结构中的副对象和主对象。
常规ADRC已经得到广泛的应用,然而在应对具有大惯性和高阶特性的过热蒸汽系统时存在带宽受限的问题,造成扩张状态观测器(extended state observer,ESO)收敛性较慢,使得控制品质下降。文献[11]从控制量输入延迟角度出发提出MADRC的结构,通过设计补偿环节实现控制量和输出量的同步,从而提高ESO的带宽上限,提升具有大惯性和高阶特性的过热蒸汽系统的控制品质。
针对采用高阶传递函数Gp(s)=K/(Ts+1)n描述的过热蒸汽系统,选择补偿环节为:
Gcp(s)=1(T˜s+1)n1
式中:T˜为补偿环节的时间常数,理想工况下T˜=T,补偿环节的输出为uf
式(1)等价为:
y=K(Ts+1)nu=KTs+1uf
可以得到:
y˜=1Ty+KTuf
考虑到过热蒸汽系统的K/T随着工况变化而波动,并不能精确已知。定义b0为式(3)中的系统增益,式(3)等价为:
y˜=b0uf+1Ty+(KTb0)uf=b0uf+f
式中:f=1Ty+(KTb0)uf为过热汽温系统的“总扰动”,f可以通过ESO进行估计:
{z˙1=z2+β1(yz1)+b0ufz˙2=β2(yz1)
式中:β1β2均为观测器增益;z1z2均为ESO的输出。在β1β2合理整定时,z1z2可以分别跟踪yf[24]。为了简化β1β2的整定,文献[25]提出了基于参数带宽化的简化方法:
{β1=2ω0β2=ω02
式中:ω0为ESO的带宽。
基于z1z2,设计控制律如下:
u=k1(rz1)z2b0
式中:k1r分别为控制律的增益和过热汽温系统的设定值。MADRC的控制结构如图3所示。此时需要整定的MADRC参数为b0ω0k1
基于大量仿真的经验,本文总结了适用于MADRC的参数整定流程(图4),具体步骤如下。
1)需要首先固定b0,推荐b0的值位于区间[K/2T, ∞]。
2)固定较小的k1ω0,然后逐步增加ω0直到控制效果不发生明显改变时,ω0选择该值。ω0的合理区间在[0.3, 0.6]。
3)此时逐步增加k1,直到闭环系统达到满意的控制效果。如果控制效果满意,则停止,否则重复步骤1)—步骤3)。
需要说明的是,上述MADRC设计和参数整定是基于T˜=T下展开的。在实际应用过程,过热汽温系统频繁受到其他回路干扰,使得其高阶惯性传递函数模型难以通过开环响应曲线获得。在这种情况下,补偿环节中T˜仅能根据响应曲线进行整定。
根据MADRC的设计目标,T˜的变化主要影响控制信号与系统输出之间的同步性。对于过热汽温系统而言,最理想的情况是,当汽温开始出现上升趋势时,减温水阀门开度应增大开度避免超温;当汽温开始出现下降趋势时,减温水阀门开度应减小避免温度过低。
下面通过仿真说明不同T˜对于MADRC的过热汽温控制效果影响。考虑文献[23]给出的过热汽温主对象与副对象的传递函数模型分别为:
G1(s)=1.726(19.775s+1)2
G2(s)=1.474(28.774s+1)4
主控制器和副回路的控制器分别采用MADRC和PI控制器。需要说明的是,主控制器的设计是基于内回路与主对象的等效传递函数,传递函数为:
Geq(s)=1.474(35s+1)4
内回路PI控制器参数分别为kp1=-1和ki1=-1/40;MADRC参数为k1=0.032、ω0=0.5、b0=0.04,基于上述参数分析不同T˜对于MADRC的过热汽温控制效果影响,结果如图5所示。仿真过程中,设定值在100 s时给定单位阶跃,并分别在1 000 s与2 000 s时添加内外回路扰动。
图5可知:当T˜较大时,系统的跟踪响应与抗扰响应均较慢;当T˜较小时,系统的跟踪响应与抗扰响应均产生明显振荡。而只有当T˜T相同时,系统的控制性能最好,说明对于同一组ADRC参数而言,若T˜过于偏离T,即ESO的输入不同步时,过热汽温的控制性能较差。
在调整T˜的过程中,针对确定b0ω0k1的MADRC,应将T˜由一较大值逐渐减小,直至控制信号与系统输出同步。对于MADRC而言,b0ω0k1的整定可参考图4所示的工程整定方法。
为了验证所提MADRC在过热汽温系统中的控制效果,本节将MADRC应用在式(8)—式(9)所示的过热汽温系统中。将基于SIMC整定的串级PI控制策略(PISIMC[26]、常规一阶ADRC、常规二阶ADRC和二阶改进ADRC(二阶MADRC)[27]作为对比控制策略。内环PI控制器参数相同,分别为:kp1=-1和ki1=-1/40。外环控制策略参数分别为:对于MADRC,k1=0.032、ω0=0.5、b0=0.04、Gcp(s)=1/(35s+1)3;对于PISIMC-PI,kp2=0.1628、ki2=1/263;对于一阶ADRC,k1=0.018、b0=0.1、ω0=0.06;对于二阶ADRC,ωc=0.06、b0=0.01、ω0=0.1;对于二阶MADRC,ωc=0.07、b0=0.01、ω0=0.5、Gcp(s)=1/(35s+1)2
仿真过程中,设定值在10 s时有1个单位阶跃,在1 000 s与2 000 s时添加内外回路扰动。标称工况下的控制效果如图6所示。从图6可知,MADRC具有最快的跟踪速度和最强的抗干扰能力,取得了最佳的控制品质。此外,二阶MADRC也具有较好的控制品质。考虑到二阶MADRC比MADRC具有更加大的实现难度,因此本文推荐MADRC。
考虑到过热汽温系统存在着较大的不确定性,设计的控制器需要考虑应对过热汽温系统不确定性的能力。接下来通过Monte Carlo实验验证控制器的鲁棒性。式(8)—式(9)所示过热汽温系统中KT的不确定性为±10%。将不确定性对象的阶跃和跟踪实验重复500次,可以得到IAEsp、IAEud1和IAEud2的分布,如图7所示。IAEsp、IAEud1和IAEud2分别为从10~1 000 s的误差绝对值积分、从1 000~2 000 s的误差绝对值积分和从2 000~3 000 s的误差绝对值积分。从图7可知,MADRC具有最小的IAEsp、IAEud1和IAEud2区间,即MADRC具有很强的鲁棒性,能够很好地应对系统的不确定性。二阶MADRC具有仅次于MADRC的鲁棒性,一阶ADRC的IAEsp、IAEud1和IAEud2区间比PISIMC更小,具有比PISIMC更强的鲁棒性。可知MADRC的串级控制策略具有很强的鲁棒性,具有很强的工程应用价值。
基于仿真验证效果,将MADRC应用于辽宁某600 MW机组的二级过热汽温系统。当机组在其额定负荷的80%时,进行开环试验,试验中减温水阀门给定幅值为3%的正阶跃,开环试验结果如图8所示。由图8可知,根据二级过热汽温的开环试验结果,难以确定汽温的时间常数T。因此,在试验过程中,仅能通过减温水阀位响应与末级过热汽温响应的同步性对补偿环节的T˜进行调整。
机组中原控制策略是主控制器为PID,副控制器为PI的串级控制策略,记作“PIDf-PI”。MADRC也是基于串级控制策略进行设计的,记作“MADRC-PI”。表1给出了各控制策略的控制器参数。
基于表1给出的控制器参数,将MADRC-PI投入。图9给出了当机组负荷在490~520 MW变化时,MADRC-PI与PIDf-PI之间相互切换的试验结果。
图9可知,在过热汽温系统上实现了MADRC-PI与PIDf -PI的相互无扰切换。根据切换试验结果,可知,MADRC-PI投入后,过热汽温的波动范围明显减小。特别地,当机组负荷突然急速变化30 MW时,也未产生过大的动态偏差,体现了其在抗干扰方面的优势。为定量评价各控制策略下过热汽温系统控制性能,计算最大正偏差(e+)、最大负偏差(e-)、偏差绝对值均值(e¯abs)和偏差方差(σe),表2给出了切换试验的动态性能指标。
表2可知,当采用MADRC-PI与PIDf-PI进行试验时,前者机组负荷变化范围略大一些,但总体上二者机组负荷变化范围几乎一致。根据各误差指标可知,MADRC-PI控制策略相比PIDf-PI控制策略具有更小的最大正负偏差、平均绝对偏差与偏差标准差,说明MADRC-PI具有良好的抗干扰性能。
当机组在更高负荷段运行时,同样测试了2种控制策略的控制性能。图10图11展示了当机组负荷在540~560 MW变化时PIDf-PI与MADRC-PI的过热汽温控制效果。由图10图11可知,当机组负荷较为稳定时,MADRC-PI的过热汽温控制效果更加平稳,产生的动态偏差较小。而PIDf-PI由于出现了超过570 ℃的情况,使得运行人员不得不设置2次过热汽温设定值偏置,以防过高温出现管道爆裂。
需要说明的是,由于第1次的人工干预,设定值向下设置使得减温水阀门开度快速开大,后面的过热汽温出现较大的下降,这也是PID f -PI中e+明显小于e-的原因。为定量评价各控制策略在机组负荷较为稳定时的过热汽温系统控制性能,给出540~560 MW负荷下二级过热汽温系统的性能指标,见表3
表3可知,MADRC-PI投入时机组负荷变化范围稍大于PIDf-PI投入时。另外,根据表3中各误差指标可知,MADRC-PI控制策略相比PIDf -PI控制策略具有更小的最大正负偏差、平均绝对偏差与偏差标准差,进一步说明了MADRC-PI具有良好的干抗扰性能。
本文针对燃煤机组过热系统由于大惯性和强不确定性带来的控制难点,提出了一种基于改进自抗扰控制的串级控制结构,内环采用常规PI控制器,外环采用改进自抗扰控制器。给出了改进自抗扰控制的工程整定方法,并针对补偿环节时间常数难以得到的问题,设计了基于响应曲线的补偿环节时间常数优化方法。最后通过对比仿真和实际工程应用验证了所提控制策略在大范围变负荷下的设定值跟踪和抗干扰性性能的优势,表明本文方法具有很强的工程应用潜力。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52106030)
  • 电力系统国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLD21KM14)
  • 郑州大学教授团队助力企业创新驱动发展专项(JSZLQY2022016)
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2025年第54卷第3期
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202406158
  • 接收时间:2024-06-05
  • 首发时间:2026-03-06
  • 出版时间:2025-03-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-05
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52106030)
国家自然科学基金项目(52106030)
Open Project of State Key Lab of Power Systems(SKLD21KM14)
电力系统国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLD21KM14)
Zhengzhou University Professor Team for Enterprise Innovation-Driven Development Project(JSZLQY2022016)
郑州大学教授团队助力企业创新驱动发展专项(JSZLQY2022016)
作者信息
    1.中国电力国际发展有限公司,北京 100080
    2.郑州大学电气与信息工程学院,河南 郑州 450001

通讯作者:

吴振龙(1992),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为自抗扰控制及其工程应用,
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