Article(id=1236693161326736336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236693158340383361, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202404089, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1713110400000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-15, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1772780226307, onlineDateStr=2026-03-06, pubDate=1737734400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1772780226307, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1772780226307, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772780226307, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1236693158340383361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2025', volume='54', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='170', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1772780225595, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772780311062, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1236693516861100679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236693158340383361, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1236693516861100680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236693158340383361, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=153, endPage=161, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1236693161578394580, articleId=1236693161326736336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Comparative study on online monitoring methods for carbon dioxide emissions of 700 MW coal-fired power plants, columnId=1211002409397129992, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Power generation technology forum, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The online monitoring methods for carbon emissions of domestic coal-fired power units in the short and medium term are still mainly based on accounting methods, and the online monitoring methods for carbon emissions are not yet fully developed. An online carbon emission accounting method for large coal-fired power plants is explored based on routine monitoring data from the units’ fuel management system, leading to the formation of a rapid carbon emission accounting method. Additionally, five direct online monitoring approaches for carbon emissions are designed to measure volume fraction, flow velocity and humidity of CO2. Building upon the rapid accounting method, the calculation deviations of different carbon emission calculation methods within different calculation periods are compared. The results show that, as the time span of the calculation period increases, the calculation deviations for carbon emissions tend to stabilize. Results from a 60-day monitoring period indicate that the computational deviations for the system method, monitoring method, modified monitoring method, oxygen balance method, modified oxygen balance method, and calorific value method are –11.5%, 7.7%, 4.6%, 9.7%, 7.1%, and 17.0%, respectively. After long-term comparative corrections, all these methods are viable for online monitoring of carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants, providing support for managing and controlling carbon emissions and carbon asset management within these facilities.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jinke HAN, Jianqun WU, Yongjun XIA, Yuangen ZHANG, Zhaoxin HUANG, Xiuwen GUO, Xiaowei LIU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1236693162807324676, articleId=1236693161326736336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=CN, title=700 MW燃煤发电机组二氧化碳排放在线监测方法对比研究, columnId=1211002409581679375, journalTitle=热力发电, columnName=发电技术论坛, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

国内燃煤机组中短期内碳排放量在线监测方法仍以核算法为主,碳排放在线监测方法尚不完善。针对大型燃煤机组碳排放,探索基于机组燃料管理系统常规监测数据的碳排放在线核算方法,形成了燃煤机组碳排放快速核算方法;并针对CO2体积分数、流速、湿度测量方式的不同设计了5种碳排放直接在线监测方法,以快速核算法为基准,对比了不同测算周期内不同碳排放量计算方法的计算偏差。结果显示:随测算周期时间跨度的增大,不同方法的碳排放量计算偏差逐渐稳定,60天内的监测结果显示,系统法、监测法、修正监测法、氧平衡法、修正氧平衡法和热值法的平均计算偏差分别为-11.5%、7.7%、4.6%、9.7%、7.1%和17.0%,经长周期参比修正后均可用于燃煤机组碳排放在线监测,支撑燃煤机组碳排放控制和碳资产管理。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
吴建群(1988),男,博士后,高级工程师,主要研究方向为煤炭清洁高效燃烧技术,
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=7o2CMy09SX8hGYkuXre4Ug==, magXml=xrJeS/G8KNJAh9oHl3IK2A==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=eUlccgm3YkgVmDzFkUOKLw==, pdfFileSize=1149882, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=Y5eRKIi7xmFbQcYOla2mdw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=QSF1jkPpMlWFJi7FtoFxOg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

韩金克(1993),男,博士,工程师,主要研究方向为节能降碳及碳监测技术,

, authorsList=韩金克, 吴建群, 夏永俊, 张员根, 黄赵鑫, 郭修文, 刘小伟)}, authors=[Author(id=1236701820505084742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jkhan15@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236701820614136654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701820505084742, language=EN, stringName=Jinke HAN, firstName=Jinke, middleName=null, lastName=HAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236701820685439824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701820505084742, language=CN, stringName=韩金克, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096, bio={"content":"

韩金克(1993),男,博士,工程师,主要研究方向为节能降碳及碳监测技术,

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

韩金克(1993),男,博士,工程师,主要研究方向为节能降碳及碳监测技术,

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236701820333118267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820341506876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820345701181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096)])]), Author(id=1236701820769325907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=421670874@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236701820849017687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701820769325907, language=EN, stringName=Jianqun WU, firstName=Jianqun, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236701820928709465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701820769325907, language=CN, stringName=吴建群, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236701820333118267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820341506876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820345701181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096)])]), Author(id=1236701820987429724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236701821083898721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701820987429724, language=EN, stringName=Yongjun XIA, firstName=Yongjun, middleName=null, lastName=XIA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China
2.State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236701821251670882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701820987429724, language=CN, stringName=夏永俊, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096
2.华中科技大学煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430074, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236701820333118267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820341506876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820345701181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096)]), AuthorCompany(id=1236701820417004351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820429587265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820417004351, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820433781570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820417004351, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.华中科技大学煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430074)])]), Author(id=1236701821310391142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236701821390082921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701821310391142, language=EN, stringName=Yuangen ZHANG, firstName=Yuangen, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236701821448803179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701821310391142, language=CN, stringName=张员根, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236701820333118267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820341506876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820345701181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096)])]), Author(id=1236701821524300655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236701821599798130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701821524300655, language=EN, stringName=Zhaoxin HUANG, firstName=Zhaoxin, middleName=null, lastName=HUANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236701821692072820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701821524300655, language=CN, stringName=黄赵鑫, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236701820333118267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820341506876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820345701181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096)])]), Author(id=1236701821780153210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236701823222993789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701821780153210, language=EN, stringName=Xiuwen GUO, firstName=Xiuwen, middleName=null, lastName=GUO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236701823290102655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701821780153210, language=CN, stringName=郭修文, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236701820333118267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820341506876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820345701181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096)])]), Author(id=1236701823353017221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236701823441097608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701823353017221, language=EN, stringName=Xiaowei LIU, firstName=Xiaowei, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236701823529177994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, authorId=1236701823353017221, language=CN, stringName=刘小伟, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.华中科技大学煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430074, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236701820417004351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820429587265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820417004351, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820433781570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820417004351, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.华中科技大学煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430074)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1236701823667590028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=coal-fired power unit), Keyword(id=1236701823730504590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=carbon emission), Keyword(id=1236701823793419152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=carbon accounting), Keyword(id=1236701823864722322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=on-line monitoring), Keyword(id=1236701823944414100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=燃煤机组), Keyword(id=1236701824015717270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=碳排放), Keyword(id=1236701824082826136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=碳核算), Keyword(id=1236701824145740698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=在线监测)], refs=[Reference(id=1236701826096092106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=2.13, pageEnd=2.35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=EGGLESTON S, BUENDIA L, MIWA K, journalName=IPCC 2006国家温室气体清单指南: 第二卷 能源, refType=null, unstructuredReference=EGGLESTON S, BUENDIA L, MIWA K, et al. IPCC 2006国家温室气体清单指南: 第二卷 能源[M]. 日本: 全球环境战略研究所, 2006: 2.13-2.35., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701826154812364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=2.13, pageEnd=2.35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=EGGLESTON S, BUENDIA L, MIWA K, journalName=IPCC 2006 National greenhouse gas inventory guidelines: Volume 2: Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=EGGLESTON S, BUENDIA L, MIWA K, et al. IPCC 2006 National greenhouse gas inventory guidelines: Volume 2: Energy[M]. Japan: Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, 2006: 2.13-2.35., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701826217726926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=39, issue=7, pageStart=12, pageEnd=30, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=徐丽笑, 王亚菲, journalName=统计研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐丽笑, 王亚菲. 我国城市碳排放核算: 国际统计标准测度与方法构建[J]. 统计研究, 2022, 39(7): 12-30., articleTitle=我国城市碳排放核算: 国际统计标准测度与方法构建, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701827639595983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=39, issue=7, pageStart=12, pageEnd=30, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=XU Lixiao, WANG Yafei, journalName=Statistical Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Lixiao, WANG Yafei. City carbon emission accounting in china: international statistical standards measurement and methodology construction[J]. Statistical Research, 2022, 39(7): 12-30., articleTitle=City carbon emission accounting in china: international statistical standards measurement and methodology construction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701827744453585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=12, pageStart=15, pageEnd=27, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=卢露, journalName=西南金融, refType=null, unstructuredReference=卢露. 碳中和背景下完善我国碳排放核算体系的思考[J]. 西南金融, 2021(12): 15-27., articleTitle=碳中和背景下完善我国碳排放核算体系的思考, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701827803173843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=12, pageStart=15, pageEnd=27, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=LU Lu, journalName=Southwest Finance, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LU Lu. Thoughts on perfecting China’s carbon emission accounting system under the background of carbon neutrality[J]. Southwest Finance, 2021(12): 15-27., articleTitle=Thoughts on perfecting China’s carbon emission accounting system under the background of carbon neutrality, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701827853505493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=中华人民共和国生态环境部办公厅, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国生态环境部办公厅. 关于印发《企业温室气体排放核算与报告指南 发电设施》《企业温室气体排放核查技术指南 发电设施》的通知: 环办气候函〔2022〕485号[R/OL]. (2022-12-21)[2024-04-15]. https://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk06/202212/t20221221_1008430.html., articleTitle=关于印发《企业温室气体排放核算与报告指南 发电设施》《企业温室气体排放核查技术指南 发电设施》的通知: 环办气候函〔2022〕485号, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701827912225751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Office of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Office of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China. Notice on Issuing the Guidelines for Accounting and Reporting of Enterprise Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Power Generation Facilities and Technical Guidelines for Verification of Enterprise Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Power Generation Facilities: HBQHH[2022]No.485[R/OL]. (2022-12-21) [2024-04-15]. https://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk06/202212/t20221221_1008430.html., articleTitle=Notice on Issuing the Guidelines for Accounting and Reporting of Enterprise Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Power Generation Facilities and Technical Guidelines for Verification of Enterprise Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Power Generation Facilities: HBQHH[2022]No.485, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701827983528921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=89, issue=9, pageStart=1572, pageEnd=1586, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=WAGNER C, ESBENSEN K H, journalName=Chemical Engineering Research and Design, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WAGNER C, ESBENSEN K H. A systematic approach to assessing measurement uncertainty for CO2 emissions from coal-fired power plants: missing contributions from the Theory of Sampling (TOS)[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2011, 89(9): 1572-1586., articleTitle=A systematic approach to assessing measurement uncertainty for CO2 emissions from coal-fired power plants: missing contributions from the Theory of Sampling (TOS), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828042249179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=9, authorNames=中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会. 全国首个火力发电企业二氧化碳排放在线监测技术要求标准正式发布[R/OL]. (2021-01-29) [2024-04-15]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xwdt/ztzl/nybzgzzl/gnjnybz/202101/t20210129_1266290.html?eqid=ccf4ffa7000acae200000005645d05d4&wd=&eqid=fb52ba6600040bad0000000264901b04., articleTitle=全国首个火力发电企业二氧化碳排放在线监测技术要求标准正式发布, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828100969437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=National Development and Reform Commission of the People’s Republic of China, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=National Development and Reform Commission of the People’s Republic of China. Technical requirements for on-line monitoring of CO2 emitted from thermal power plant[R/OL]. (2021-01-29) [2024-04-15]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xwdt/ztzl/nybzgzzl/gnjnybz/202101/t20210129_1266290.html?eqid=ccf4ffa7000acae200000005645d05d4&wd=&eqid=fb52ba6600040bad0000000264901b04., articleTitle=Technical requirements for on-line monitoring of CO2 emitted from thermal power plant, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828184855519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=3, pageEnd=4, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=火电厂烟气二氧化碳排放连续监测技术规范: DL/T 2376—2021[S]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2021: 3-4., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828260352993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=3, pageEnd=4, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Specification for continuous emissions monitoring of CO2 in the flue gas emitted from thermal power plants: DL/T 2376—2021[S]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2021: 3-4., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828348433379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=5, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=固定污染源废气二氧化碳的测定非分散红外吸收法: HJ 870—2017[S]. 北京: 中国环境出版社, 2017: 1-5., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828449096677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=5, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Stationary source emission determination of carbon dioxide non-dispersive infrared absorption method: HJ 870—2017[S]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2017: 1-5., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828520399847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=53, issue=3, pageStart=154, pageEnd=158, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=15, authorNames=王霂晗, 朱林, 张晶杰, journalName=中国电力, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王霂晗, 朱林, 张晶杰, 等. 欧盟火电厂二氧化碳排放在线监测系统质量保证体系对中国的启示[J]. 中国电力, 2020, 53(3): 154-158., articleTitle=欧盟火电厂二氧化碳排放在线监测系统质量保证体系对中国的启示, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828583314409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=53, issue=3, pageStart=154, pageEnd=158, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=16, authorNames=WANG Muhan, ZHU Lin, ZHANG Jingjie, journalName=Electric Power, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Muhan, ZHU Lin, ZHANG Jingjie, et al. Practice of quality assurance system of carbon dioxide emission on-line monitoring system in the european union[J]. Electric Power, 2020, 53(3): 154-158., articleTitle=Practice of quality assurance system of carbon dioxide emission on-line monitoring system in the european union, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828654617579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=64, issue=10, pageStart=1164, pageEnd=1173, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=17, authorNames=LEE S, CHOI Y M, WOO J, journalName=Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LEE S, CHOI Y M, WOO J, et al. Estimating and comparing greenhouse gas emissions with their uncertainties using different methods: a case study for an energy supply utility[J]. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2014, 64(10): 1164-1173., articleTitle=Estimating and comparing greenhouse gas emissions with their uncertainties using different methods: a case study for an energy supply utility, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828713337837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=51, issue=10, pageStart=47, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=18, authorNames=刘科, 杨兴森, 王太, journalName=热力发电, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘科, 杨兴森, 王太, 等. 基于实时监测的燃煤机组碳排放特性研究[J]. 热力发电, 2022, 51(10): 47-53., articleTitle=基于实时监测的燃煤机组碳排放特性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828772058095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=51, issue=10, pageStart=47, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=19, authorNames=LIU Ke, YANG Xingsen, WANG Tai, journalName=Thermal Power Generation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Ke, YANG Xingsen, WANG Tai, et al. Research on carbon emission characteristics of coal-fired units based on real-time monitoring[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2022, 51(10): 47-53., articleTitle=Research on carbon emission characteristics of coal-fired units based on real-time monitoring, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828843361265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=14, pageEnd=19, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=20, authorNames=袁博, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=袁博. 基于NDIR原理的CO2浓度传感器的制备与研究[D]. 成都: 电子科技大学, 2019: 14-19., articleTitle=基于NDIR原理的CO2浓度传感器的制备与研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828906275827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=14, pageEnd=19, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=21, authorNames=YUAN Bo, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YUAN Bo. A research and manufacturing of CO2 sensorbased on NDIR technology[D]. Chengdu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2019: 14-19., articleTitle=A research and manufacturing of CO2 sensorbased on NDIR technology, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701828977578996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=45, issue=1, pageStart=4, pageEnd=17, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=22, authorNames=洪光烈, 章桦萍, 刘豪, journalName=光电工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=洪光烈, 章桦萍, 刘豪, 等. 国外差分吸收激光雷达探测大气CO2研究综述[J]. 光电工程, 2018, 45(1): 4-17., articleTitle=国外差分吸收激光雷达探测大气CO2研究综述, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701829048882166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=45, issue=1, pageStart=4, pageEnd=17, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=23, authorNames=HONG Guanglie, ZHANG Huaping, LIU Hao, journalName=Opto-Electronic Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HONG Guanglie, ZHANG Huaping, LIU Hao, et al. Review of measurement for atmospheric CO2 differential absorption lidar[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2018, 45(1): 4-17., articleTitle=Review of measurement for atmospheric CO2 differential absorption lidar, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701829170516984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=34, issue=7, pageStart=1769, pageEnd=1773, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=24, authorNames=蔡廷栋, 高光珍, 王敏锐, journalName=光谱学与光谱分析, refType=null, unstructuredReference=蔡廷栋, 高光珍, 王敏锐, 等. 高温高压下基于TDLAS的二氧化碳浓度测量方法研究[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2014, 34(7): 1769-1773., articleTitle=高温高压下基于TDLAS的二氧化碳浓度测量方法研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701829233431546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=34, issue=7, pageStart=1769, pageEnd=1773, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=25, authorNames=CAI Tingdong, GAO Guangzhen, WANG Minrui, journalName=Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CAI Tingdong, GAO Guangzhen, WANG Minrui, et al. Measurements of CO2 concentration at high temperature and pressure environments using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2014, 34(7): 1769-1773., articleTitle=Measurements of CO2 concentration at high temperature and pressure environments using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701829317317628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=281, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=26, authorNames=TENG T P, CHEN W J, journalName=Energy and Buildings, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TENG T P, CHEN W J. A compensation model for an NDIR-based CO2 sensor and its energy implication on demand control ventilation in a hot and humid climate [J]. Energy and Buildings, 2023, 281: 112738., articleTitle=A compensation model for an NDIR-based CO2 sensor and its energy implication on demand control ventilation in a hot and humid climate, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701829405398014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=10, issue=null, pageStart=2383, pageEnd=2395, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=27, authorNames=MARTIN C R, ZENG N, KARION A, journalName=Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MARTIN C R, ZENG N, KARION A, et al. Evaluation and environmental correction of ambient CO2 measurements from a low-cost NDIR sensor[J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 2017, 10: 2383-2395., articleTitle=Evaluation and environmental correction of ambient CO2 measurements from a low-cost NDIR sensor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701829527032832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=52, issue=7, pageStart=1, pageEnd=13, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=28, authorNames=吴昊, 任鑫, 朱俊杰, journalName=热力发电, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴昊, 任鑫, 朱俊杰. 发电行业二氧化碳排放监测技术现状与综述[J]. 热力发电, 2023, 52(7): 1-13., articleTitle=发电行业二氧化碳排放监测技术现状与综述, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701829594140673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=52, issue=7, pageStart=1, pageEnd=13, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=29, authorNames=WU Hao, REN Xin, ZHU Junjie, journalName=Thermal Power Generation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU Hao, REN Xin, ZHU Junjie. Current situation and review of carbon dioxide emission monitoring technology in power generation industry[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2023, 52(7): 1-13., articleTitle=Current situation and review of carbon dioxide emission monitoring technology in power generation industry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701829694803972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=91, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=30, authorNames=IM S, NGUYEN D T, CHOI Y M, journalName=Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=IM S, NGUYEN D T, CHOI Y M, et al. Smokestack gas velocity measurements using 3D pitot tubes in a coal-fired power plant[J]. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2023, 91: 102347., articleTitle=Smokestack gas velocity measurements using 3D pitot tubes in a coal-fired power plant, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701829787078662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=64, issue=11, pageStart=73, pageEnd=79, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=31, authorNames=QUICK J C, journalName=Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, refType=null, unstructuredReference=QUICK J C. Carbon dioxide emission tallies for 210 U.S. coal-fired power plants: a comparison of two accounting methods[J]. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2014, 64(11): 73-79., articleTitle=Carbon dioxide emission tallies for 210 U.S. coal-fired power plants: a comparison of two accounting methods, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701829870964744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=12, pageEnd=13, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=固定污染源烟气(SO2、NOx、颗粒物)排放连续监测系统技术规范: HJ 75—2017[S]. 北京: 中国环境出版社, 2017: 12-13., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701829959045130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=12, pageEnd=13, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Specifications for continuous emissions monitoring of SO2, NOx, and particulate matter in the flue gas emitted from stationary sources: HJ 75—2017[S]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2017: 12-13., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701830026153996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=12, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=34, authorNames=马若梦, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=马若梦. 基于多次反射直接吸收的烟道气二氧化碳浓度测量的研究[D]. 保定: 河北大学, 2020: 12-28., articleTitle=基于多次反射直接吸收的烟道气二氧化碳浓度测量的研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701830118428686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=12, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=35, authorNames=MA Ruomeng, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MA Ruomeng. Research on measurement of flue gas carbon dioxide concentration based on direct absorption of multiple reflections[D]. Baoding: Hebei University, 2020:12-28., articleTitle=Research on measurement of flue gas carbon dioxide concentration based on direct absorption of multiple reflections, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701830219091984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=26, issue=4, pageStart=182, pageEnd=189, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=36, authorNames=李峥辉, 卢伟业, 庞晓坤, journalName=洁净煤技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李峥辉, 卢伟业, 庞晓坤, 等. 火电企业CO2排放在线监测系统的研发应用[J]. 洁净煤技术, 2020, 26(4): 182-189., articleTitle=火电企业CO2排放在线监测系统的研发应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701830302978066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=26, issue=4, pageStart=182, pageEnd=189, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=37, authorNames=LI Zhenghui, LU Weiye, PANG Xiaokun, journalName=Clean Coal Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Zhenghui, LU Weiye, PANG Xiaokun, et al. Research and application of on-line monitoring system for CO2 emissions from thermal power enterprises[J]. Clean Coal Technology, 2020, 26(4): 182-189., articleTitle=Research and application of on-line monitoring system for CO2 emissions from thermal power enterprises, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701830378475540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=225, pageEnd=231, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=38, authorNames=裴冰, 刘通浩, 杨文雨, journalName=中国环境监测, refType=null, unstructuredReference=裴冰, 刘通浩, 杨文雨, 等. 典型燃煤电厂机组二氧化碳排放测试及核算研究[J]. 中国环境监测, 2023, 39(2): 225-231., articleTitle=典型燃煤电厂机组二氧化碳排放测试及核算研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701830445584406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=225, pageEnd=231, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=39, authorNames=PEI Bing, LIU Tonghao, YANG Wenyu, journalName=Environmental Monitoring in China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PEI Bing, LIU Tonghao, YANG Wenyu, et al. Study on determination and accounting of CO2 emission from typical coal-fired power plant[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2023, 39(2): 225-231., articleTitle=Study on determination and accounting of CO2 emission from typical coal-fired power plant, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701830613356568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=447, pageEnd=457, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=40, authorNames=方文沐, 李天荣, 杜惠敏, journalName=燃料分析技术问答, refType=null, unstructuredReference=方文沐, 李天荣, 杜惠敏. 燃料分析技术问答[M]. 3版. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2005: 447-457., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701830688854042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=447, pageEnd=457, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=41, authorNames=FANG Wenmu, LI Tianrong, DU Huimin, journalName=Fuel analysis technology Q&A, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FANG Wenmu, LI Tianrong, DU Huimin. Fuel analysis technology Q&A[M]. 3rd ed. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2005: 447-457., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701832123306012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=64, issue=6, pageStart=679, pageEnd=689, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=42, authorNames=BRYANT R, SANNI O, MOORE E, journalName=Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BRYANT R, SANNI O, MOORE E, et al. An uncertainty analysis of mean flow velocity measurements used to quantify emissions from stationary sources[J]. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2014, 64(6): 679-689., articleTitle=An uncertainty analysis of mean flow velocity measurements used to quantify emissions from stationary sources, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701832194609182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=30, issue=6, pageStart=179, pageEnd=183, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=43, authorNames=陶冶, 李强, 张爱丽, journalName=中国环境监测, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陶冶, 李强, 张爱丽, 等. 超声波流速仪在烟气流速测量中的应用[J]. 中国环境监测, 2014, 30(6): 179-183., articleTitle=超声波流速仪在烟气流速测量中的应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701832270106656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=30, issue=6, pageStart=179, pageEnd=183, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=44, authorNames=TAO Ye, LI Qiang, ZHANG Aili, journalName=Environmental Monitoring in China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TAO Ye, LI Qiang, ZHANG Aili, et al. Ultrasonic flow meter in the flue gas flow measurement applications[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2014, 30(6): 179-183., articleTitle=Ultrasonic flow meter in the flue gas flow measurement applications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701832345604129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=524, issue=7565, pageStart=335, pageEnd=348, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=45, authorNames=LIU Z, GUAN D B, WEI W, journalName=Nature, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Z, GUAN D B, WEI W, et al. Reduced carbon emission estimates from fossil fuel combustion and cement production in China[J]. Nature, 2015, 524(7565): 335-348., articleTitle=Reduced carbon emission estimates from fossil fuel combustion and cement production in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701832446267427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=56, pageEnd=58, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=46, authorNames=夏磊, journalName=中国电力企业管理, refType=null, unstructuredReference=夏磊. 做好全国碳市场数据质量提升与管理——2023年版《发电核算指南》解读[J]. 中国电力企业管理, 2023(1): 56-58., articleTitle=做好全国碳市场数据质量提升与管理——2023年版《发电核算指南》解读, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236701832509181989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=56, pageEnd=58, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=47, authorNames=XIA Lei, journalName=China Power Enterprise Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIA Lei. Improving and managing the quality of national carbon market data: interpretation of the 2023 edition of the Electricity Generation Accounting Guidelines[J]. China Power Enterprise Management, 2023(1): 56-58., articleTitle=Improving and managing the quality of national carbon market data: interpretation of the 2023 edition of the Electricity Generation Accounting Guidelines, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1236701825768936387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, awardId=52006080, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(52006080), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1236701825831850949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, awardId=52006080, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(52006080), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1236701825898959813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, awardId=20214BBG74004, language=EN, fundingSource=Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province(20214BBG74004), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1236701825953485767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, awardId=20214BBG74004, language=CN, fundingSource=江西省重点研发项目(20214BBG74004), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236701820333118267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820341506876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820345701181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820333118267, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096)]), AuthorCompany(id=1236701820417004351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820429587265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820417004351, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236701820433781570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, companyId=1236701820417004351, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.华中科技大学煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430074)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1236701824300929949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=The fitting curve between the inverted value and the measured value of Cd, figureFileSmall=aFEXkrnSv7WA7ixDEE6H3g==, figureFileBig=IMLVtod2/r/oHnWY8EhTVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236701824363844510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, label=图1, caption=Cd反演计算数据与实测数据拟合曲线, figureFileSmall=aFEXkrnSv7WA7ixDEE6H3g==, figureFileBig=IMLVtod2/r/oHnWY8EhTVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236701824464507808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=The daily carbon emissions monitoring results using different methods, figureFileSmall=LZB+tzgZVtHchB2nvOzmnA==, figureFileBig=umnwQcLK6PVocRPTYxHm5w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236701824531616674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同方法的单日碳排放监测结果对比, figureFileSmall=LZB+tzgZVtHchB2nvOzmnA==, figureFileBig=umnwQcLK6PVocRPTYxHm5w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236701824590336932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Comparison of average daily carbon emissions using different online carbon accounting methods, figureFileSmall=SSTP6XJO0zM6t3QgFH4Ceg==, figureFileBig=j82rf5lY1HIimffbOGbLpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236701824674223014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同在线碳排放计算方法单日碳排放量, figureFileSmall=SSTP6XJO0zM6t3QgFH4Ceg==, figureFileBig=j82rf5lY1HIimffbOGbLpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236701824741331880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=The fitting relationship between different carbon emission calculation methods and the rapid accounting method, figureFileSmall=l3GV3TCLTHCyuHc4+qpjxA==, figureFileBig=FuIW72AEwWfKbmgGBnp9yw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236701824804246442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同在线碳排放计算方法与快速核算法拟合关系, figureFileSmall=l3GV3TCLTHCyuHc4+qpjxA==, figureFileBig=FuIW72AEwWfKbmgGBnp9yw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236701824858772396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Design of direct on-line monitoring methods for CO2 emissions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CO2排放在线监测方法烟气参数测量方法备注
CO2体积分数烟气流速烟气湿度烟气温度烟气压力
系统法抽取式实测法皮托管阻容式电阻式压电式CO2测量
新系统
氧平衡法O2反演法超声波阻容式电阻式压电式CEMS
修正氧平衡法O2反演法超声波温度
反演
电阻式压电式CEMS
监测法抽取式实测法超声波阻容式电阻式压电式CEMS+CO2测量新系统
修正监测法抽取式实测法超声波温度
反演
电阻式压电式CEMS+CO2测量新系统
), ArticleFig(id=1236701824942658478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

CO2排放在线监测方法设计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CO2排放在线监测方法烟气参数测量方法备注
CO2体积分数烟气流速烟气湿度烟气温度烟气压力
系统法抽取式实测法皮托管阻容式电阻式压电式CO2测量
新系统
氧平衡法O2反演法超声波阻容式电阻式压电式CEMS
修正氧平衡法O2反演法超声波温度
反演
电阻式压电式CEMS
监测法抽取式实测法超声波阻容式电阻式压电式CEMS+CO2测量新系统
修正监测法抽取式实测法超声波温度
反演
电阻式压电式CEMS+CO2测量新系统
), ArticleFig(id=1236701825026544560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Comparison between monthly carbon emissions calculation based on the rapid accounting method and the mass balance method

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目2022年9月2022年10月2022年11月2022年12月2023年1月2023年2月6个月碳排放总量
质量
平衡法
49.4124.19.6546.3539.4540.08209.04
快速
核算法
49.4824.349.8445.9039.8940.14209.59
偏差/%0.140.991.97-0.961.100.160.26
), ArticleFig(id=1236701825102042034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

快速核算法与质量平衡法月度碳排放量对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目2022年9月2022年10月2022年11月2022年12月2023年1月2023年2月6个月碳排放总量
质量
平衡法
49.4124.19.6546.3539.4540.08209.04
快速
核算法
49.4824.349.8445.9039.8940.14209.59
偏差/%0.140.991.97-0.961.100.160.26
), ArticleFig(id=1236701825164956596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

The unit CEMS test results during the trial period

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目参比值CEMS偏差偏差限值结果
流速/(m·s–1)8.628.61-0.15%± 12%合格
烟温/℃48.9449.920.98 ℃±3 ℃合格
含氧量/%7.988.276.94%<15%合格
湿度/(mg·m–3)10.3610.02-3.26%±25%合格
), ArticleFig(id=1236701825223676854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

试验期间机组CEMS测试结果比对

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目参比值CEMS偏差偏差限值结果
流速/(m·s–1)8.628.61-0.15%± 12%合格
烟温/℃48.9449.920.98 ℃±3 ℃合格
含氧量/%7.988.276.94%<15%合格
湿度/(mg·m–3)10.3610.02-3.26%±25%合格
), ArticleFig(id=1236701825290785720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Deviation of different online carbon emission calculation methods and rapid accounting methods in daily carbon emissions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目热值法监测法氧平衡法修正
监测法
修正氧
平衡法
系统法
均值17.008.6810.715.558.02-10.37
标准差2.545.526.005.325.834.69
变异系数14.9263.5956.0695.7372.7145.23
), ArticleFig(id=1236701825345311674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同在线碳排放计算方法与快速核算法单日碳排放监测结果偏差

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目热值法监测法氧平衡法修正
监测法
修正氧
平衡法
系统法
均值17.008.6810.715.558.02-10.37
标准差2.545.526.005.325.834.69
变异系数14.9263.5956.0695.7372.7145.23
), ArticleFig(id=1236701825420809146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Statistical analysis of deviations between different carbon accounting methods and the rapid accounting method

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目热值法监测法氧平
衡法
修正
监测法
修正氧
平衡法
系统法
3 d均值16.918.7510.785.628.09-10.35
标准差1.153.213.983.093.892.80
变异系数6.7736.7136.9455.0448.1227.06
5 d均值16.998.6510.545.527.86-10.44
标准差1.122.622.402.522.352.45
变异系数6.5730.3522.7845.7029.9523.41
10 d均值16.978.6110.485.497.80-10.49
标准差0.751.771.621.621.601.58
变异系数4.4020.5115.4229.6220.4915.02
20 d均值16.968.5710.445.447.76-10.55
标准差0.271.081.000.821.020.69
变异系数1.6012.639.6015.1613.116.53
), ArticleFig(id=1236701825500500924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同在线碳排放计算方法与快速核算法的偏差

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目热值法监测法氧平
衡法
修正
监测法
修正氧
平衡法
系统法
3 d均值16.918.7510.785.628.09-10.35
标准差1.153.213.983.093.892.80
变异系数6.7736.7136.9455.0448.1227.06
5 d均值16.998.6510.545.527.86-10.44
标准差1.122.622.402.522.352.45
变异系数6.5730.3522.7845.7029.9523.41
10 d均值16.978.6110.485.497.80-10.49
标准差0.751.771.621.621.601.58
变异系数4.4020.5115.4229.6220.4915.02
20 d均值16.968.5710.445.447.76-10.55
标准差0.271.081.000.821.020.69
变异系数1.6012.639.6015.1613.116.53
), ArticleFig(id=1236701825575998398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=EN, label=Tab.6, caption=

The correlation coefficients of carbon emissions calculated by different accounting methods over different time spans

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目热值
监测
氧平
衡法
修正
监测法
修正氧
平衡法
系统
参比
1 d热值法-
监测法0.976-
氧平衡法0.9640.989-
监测法*0.9761.0000.990-
氧平衡法*0.9640.9881.0000.989-
系统法0.9740.9990.9900.9990.989-
快速核算法0.9920.9750.9630.9750.9630.973-
3 d热值法-
监测法0.986-
氧平衡法0.9720.985-
修正监测法0.9861.0000.987-
修正氧平衡法0.9710.9841.0000.986-
系统法0.9850.9980.9880.9990.987-
快速核算法0.9980.9860.9710.9850.9700.984-
5 d热值法-
监测法0.977-
氧平衡法0.9840.978-
修正监测法0.9781.0000.980-
修正氧平衡法0.9840.9761.0000.979-
系统法0.9750.9960.9830.9970.983-
快速核算法0.9940.9710.9750.9710.9750.966-
10 d热值法-
监测法0.993-
氧平衡法0.9900.988-
修正监测法0.9950.9990.990-
修正氧平衡法0.9910.9871.0000.990-
系统法0.9960.9940.9970.9960.998-
快速核算法0.9960.9850.9800.9850.9800.986-
20 d热值法-
监测法0.998-
氧平衡法0.9930.999-
修正监测法0.9991.0000.997-
修正氧平衡法0.9960.9991.0000.998-
系统法0.9991.0000.9981.0000.999-
快速核算法1.0000.9990.9951.0000.9970.999-
), ArticleFig(id=1236701825643107264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236693161326736336, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

不同在线碳排放计算方法不同时间跨度下的碳排放量互相关系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目热值
监测
氧平
衡法
修正
监测法
修正氧
平衡法
系统
参比
1 d热值法-
监测法0.976-
氧平衡法0.9640.989-
监测法*0.9761.0000.990-
氧平衡法*0.9640.9881.0000.989-
系统法0.9740.9990.9900.9990.989-
快速核算法0.9920.9750.9630.9750.9630.973-
3 d热值法-
监测法0.986-
氧平衡法0.9720.985-
修正监测法0.9861.0000.987-
修正氧平衡法0.9710.9841.0000.986-
系统法0.9850.9980.9880.9990.987-
快速核算法0.9980.9860.9710.9850.9700.984-
5 d热值法-
监测法0.977-
氧平衡法0.9840.978-
修正监测法0.9781.0000.980-
修正氧平衡法0.9840.9761.0000.979-
系统法0.9750.9960.9830.9970.983-
快速核算法0.9940.9710.9750.9710.9750.966-
10 d热值法-
监测法0.993-
氧平衡法0.9900.988-
修正监测法0.9950.9990.990-
修正氧平衡法0.9910.9871.0000.990-
系统法0.9960.9940.9970.9960.998-
快速核算法0.9960.9850.9800.9850.9800.986-
20 d热值法-
监测法0.998-
氧平衡法0.9930.999-
修正监测法0.9991.0000.997-
修正氧平衡法0.9960.9991.0000.998-
系统法0.9991.0000.9981.0000.999-
快速核算法1.0000.9990.9951.0000.9970.999-
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1210938006006558725, delFlag=0, nameCn=热力发电, nameEn=Thermal Power Generation, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1002-3364, eissn=null, cn=61-1111/TM, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=YWgAUXbKXZzTw3c+kJbAIA==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Thermal Power Generation, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1766639718774, updatedTime=1766640759031, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=T, firstLetterEn=T, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=YWgAUXbKXZzTw3c+kJbAIA==, picEn=jfJjUlYAGfUZwuOMQZ6AHQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1210942369256575009, language=CN, name=热力发电, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1766640759052, updatedTime=1766640759052, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1210942369315295266, language=EN, name=Thermal Power Generation, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1766640759066, updatedTime=1766640759066, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1210938733613449225, websiteList=[Website(id=1210941118787744741, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1210938733613449225, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN, language=CN, createTime=1766640460918, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1766640511525, updateBy=18614031015, name=热力发电-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=热力发电, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1210944690380214659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1766641312451, updateTime=1766641312451, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690359243136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1766641312446, updateTime=1766641312446, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690401186182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641312456, updateTime=1766641312456, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690346660223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/file/pic?fileId=ToFA0Lu4b/CNocENDvNjHA==, createTime=1766641312443, updateTime=1766641312443, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690409574792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641312458, updateTime=1766641312458, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690371826050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/file/pic, createTime=1766641312449, updateTime=1766641312449, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690405380487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641312457, updateTime=1766641312457, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690367631745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1766641312448, updateTime=1766641312448, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690388603268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1766641312453, updateTime=1766641312453, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690392797573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1766641312454, updateTime=1766641312454, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1210941118926156777, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1210938733613449225, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN, language=EN, createTime=1766640460950, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1766640598724, updateBy=18614031015, name=热力发电-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Thermal Power Generation, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1210944709317489283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1766641316966, updateTime=1766641316966, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709296517760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1766641316961, updateTime=1766641316961, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709334266502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641316970, updateTime=1766641316970, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709288129151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/file/pic?fileId=ToFA0Lu4b/CNocENDvNjHA==, createTime=1766641316959, updateTime=1766641316959, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709346849416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641316973, updateTime=1766641316973, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709309100674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/file/pic, createTime=1766641316964, updateTime=1766641316964, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709338460807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641316971, updateTime=1766641316971, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709300712065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1766641316962, updateTime=1766641316962, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709321683588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1766641316967, updateTime=1766641316967, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709330072197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1766641316969, updateTime=1766641316969, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=热力发电, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Thermal Power Generation, journalPhotoCn=YWgAUXbKXZzTw3c+kJbAIA==, journalPhotoEn=jfJjUlYAGfUZwuOMQZ6AHQ==, journalFirstLetter=T, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202404089, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202404089, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/PDF/10.19666/j.rlfd.202404089, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/PDF/10.19666/j.rlfd.202404089, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
700 MW燃煤发电机组二氧化碳排放在线监测方法对比研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
韩金克 1 , 吴建群 1 , 夏永俊 1, 2 , 张员根 1 , 黄赵鑫 1 , 郭修文 1 , 刘小伟 2
热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2025,54(1): 153-161
收起
收藏切换
热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2025, 54(1): 153-161
700 MW燃煤发电机组二氧化碳排放在线监测方法对比研究
全屏
韩金克1 , 吴建群1 , 夏永俊1, 2, 张员根1, 黄赵鑫1, 郭修文1, 刘小伟2
作者信息
  • 1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096
  • 2.华中科技大学煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430074
  • 韩金克(1993),男,博士,工程师,主要研究方向为节能降碳及碳监测技术,

通讯作者:

吴建群(1988),男,博士后,高级工程师,主要研究方向为煤炭清洁高效燃烧技术,
Comparative study on online monitoring methods for carbon dioxide emissions of 700 MW coal-fired power plants
Jinke HAN1 , Jianqun WU1 , Yongjun XIA1, 2, Yuangen ZHANG1, Zhaoxin HUANG1, Xiuwen GUO1, Xiaowei LIU2
Affiliations
  • 1.JXIC Energy Tech. Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China
  • 2.State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
出版时间: 2025-01-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202404089
文章导航
收藏切换

国内燃煤机组中短期内碳排放量在线监测方法仍以核算法为主,碳排放在线监测方法尚不完善。针对大型燃煤机组碳排放,探索基于机组燃料管理系统常规监测数据的碳排放在线核算方法,形成了燃煤机组碳排放快速核算方法;并针对CO2体积分数、流速、湿度测量方式的不同设计了5种碳排放直接在线监测方法,以快速核算法为基准,对比了不同测算周期内不同碳排放量计算方法的计算偏差。结果显示:随测算周期时间跨度的增大,不同方法的碳排放量计算偏差逐渐稳定,60天内的监测结果显示,系统法、监测法、修正监测法、氧平衡法、修正氧平衡法和热值法的平均计算偏差分别为-11.5%、7.7%、4.6%、9.7%、7.1%和17.0%,经长周期参比修正后均可用于燃煤机组碳排放在线监测,支撑燃煤机组碳排放控制和碳资产管理。

燃煤机组  /  碳排放  /  碳核算  /  在线监测

The online monitoring methods for carbon emissions of domestic coal-fired power units in the short and medium term are still mainly based on accounting methods, and the online monitoring methods for carbon emissions are not yet fully developed. An online carbon emission accounting method for large coal-fired power plants is explored based on routine monitoring data from the units’ fuel management system, leading to the formation of a rapid carbon emission accounting method. Additionally, five direct online monitoring approaches for carbon emissions are designed to measure volume fraction, flow velocity and humidity of CO2. Building upon the rapid accounting method, the calculation deviations of different carbon emission calculation methods within different calculation periods are compared. The results show that, as the time span of the calculation period increases, the calculation deviations for carbon emissions tend to stabilize. Results from a 60-day monitoring period indicate that the computational deviations for the system method, monitoring method, modified monitoring method, oxygen balance method, modified oxygen balance method, and calorific value method are –11.5%, 7.7%, 4.6%, 9.7%, 7.1%, and 17.0%, respectively. After long-term comparative corrections, all these methods are viable for online monitoring of carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants, providing support for managing and controlling carbon emissions and carbon asset management within these facilities.

coal-fired power unit  /  carbon emission  /  carbon accounting  /  on-line monitoring
韩金克, 吴建群, 夏永俊, 张员根, 黄赵鑫, 郭修文, 刘小伟. 700 MW燃煤发电机组二氧化碳排放在线监测方法对比研究. 热力发电, 2025 , 54 (1) : 153 -161 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202404089
Jinke HAN, Jianqun WU, Yongjun XIA, Yuangen ZHANG, Zhaoxin HUANG, Xiuwen GUO, Xiaowei LIU. Comparative study on online monitoring methods for carbon dioxide emissions of 700 MW coal-fired power plants[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2025 , 54 (1) : 153 -161 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202404089
2021年7月我国将煤电行业首批纳入碳交易市场,准确量化煤电机组碳排放总量和强度成为碳交易的关键环节。2021年9月生态环境部发布了《碳监测评估试点工作方案》,火电行业CO2在线监测试点工作启动,燃煤电厂CO2在线监测标准、技术、规范等体系开始逐步建立完善。
国际互认的碳排放计量主要基于《2006年IPCC国家温室气体清单指南》及历年修订增补的内容,其关键因素为燃料消耗和排放因子。缺省因子法基于燃料消耗量和缺省排放因子计算CO2排放,适用于国家、地区等宏观层面碳排放评估[1-3]。质量平衡法通过燃料耗量、燃料实测元素碳含量、氧化率等基于碳元素守恒计算CO2排放,由于依赖一系列化学测试,数据滞后性强,具有一定不确定度,适用于国家政府碳交易环节碳排放的核查、核算[4-5]
此外,针对CO2固定排放源,燃料燃烧碳排放量可通过直接或间接测量获得[6-11]。CO2含量测定主要以光学法为主,如非分散红外检测技术(NDIR)、傅立叶变换光谱技术(FTIR)、可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术(TDLAS)、紫外差分光学吸收光谱技术(DOAS)等[12-14],技术成熟,精度可控,其中NDIR法应用最为广泛[15-16]。直接在线监测法的数据自动化程度高,可直接测定CO2含量,数据更加可靠,但需烟气流速、湿度、温度、压力等参数共同支持,误差引入环节多,碳排放计量偏差不稳定,最大相对偏差大于10%[17]。燃煤机组烟气流速测量通常采用皮托管差压法、超声波法等,通过代表点、代表线方式测算烟道截面平均流速,受烟气流动影响测量存在一定偏差[18-19];烟气湿度通常采用干湿球法、电阻法、电容法、光学法等,测量过程影响因素较多,测量偏差不可避免;烟气温度和压力测量技术相对成熟,稳定性较强。《固定污染源烟气(SO2、NOx、颗粒物)排放连续监测技术规范》(HJ 75—2017)针对燃煤机组烟气排放连续监测系统(CEMS)最小偏差要求:流速相对偏差不高于10%,湿度绝对偏差不高于1.5%,温度偏差不高于3 ℃。现有CEMS技术难以满足CO2排放直接在线监测需求[20]。目前,关于燃煤机组CO2直接在线监测的研究主要集中在标准体系、技术及技术评价等方面,烟气CO2精确在线监测技术得到较多创新和改善,并通过了短期对比验证[21-23]。但对长期现场CO2测量研究鲜有报导,燃煤机组CO2排放在线监测技术仍不完善,在保障CO2排放监测实时性的基础上提高测量结果的准确性,及长周期与核算法的一致性方面仍需进一步探索。
基于燃煤机组碳排放连续监测的需求和现状,本文针对典型700 MW燃煤机组开展现场研究,探讨机组碳排放测算可行性,并采用质量平衡法验证;设计多种机组碳排放在线监测方式,并进行长周期实施验证。旨在探讨适用于燃煤机组的CO2排放在线监测技术,提升燃煤机组碳排放计量的准确性和时效性,为燃煤机组碳排放控制和碳资产管理提供技术支撑。
目前,燃煤机组大部分没有煤质实时分析系统,燃料日常分析仅包括水分、灰分、挥发分、全硫等,通常不包括元素碳含量检测。本文采用基于燃煤机组日常燃运系统数据进行燃料元素碳反演,并进行适用性评价。
1)采用经验公式(1)[23],通过燃料常规分析数据反演计算出样品干燥基含碳量(Cd),进一步可根据燃料各基准之间的换算关系获得燃料收到基含碳量(Car)。
Cd=(35.4110.341Ad0.199Vd0.412St,d+1.632Qgr,d)
Car=Cd(100Mar/100
式中:Ad为干燥基灰分,%;Vd为干燥基挥发分,%;St,d为干燥基全硫,%;Qgr,d为干燥基高位发热量,MJ/kg;Mar为燃料收到水分,%。
2)根据获得的当日机组入炉煤元素碳含量计算值Car和机组当日燃料量,采用《企业温室气体排放核算方法与报告指南 发电设施》中的方法计算机组单日碳排放量,并累积计算月度、半年度等不同测算周期内机组碳排放量,不同测算周期内碳排放量计算公式为:
ECO2,F=FCCarOF44/12
式中:ECO2,F为机组核算周期内燃料燃烧产生的CO2排放量,t;FC为该阶段燃料消耗量,t;Car为该阶段燃料收到基含碳量,%;OF为燃料的碳氧化率,燃煤机组取0.99。
Car采用式(1)和式(2)反演计算获得时,ECO2,F为快速核算法计算得到的碳排放量。当Car为具有CMA资质的第三方实测值时,ECO2,F为质量平衡法计算碳排放量。当Car通过燃料热值折算获得时,ECO2,F为缺省因子法(热值法)计算所得碳排放量。
燃煤机组烟气二氧化碳实时排放量采用计算公式为:
ECO2=SV273.15/(273.15+T)(p+p0)/101 325(1H)Cct
式中:ECO2为每小时CO2排放量,t/h;S为烟道截面积,m2V为烟气平均流速,m/s;T为烟气温度,℃;p为烟气压力,Pa;p0为大气压力,Pa;H为烟气湿度体积分数,%;CC为监测仪测量CO2质量浓度,kg/m3t为单位转换系数,3.6。
试验对象为某超临界700 MW燃煤机组,已有CEMS系统具备流速、湿度、温度、氧含量等参数测量功能。该CEMS系统采用超声波测流速,抽取式阻容法测湿度,原位热电阻测温度,原位压力传感器测静压,抽取式电化学法测含氧量等。安装一套CO2测量新系统,系统包括抽取式CO2体积分数非分散红外测量单元、单点皮托管测动静压单元、原位温湿度测量单元及综合控制系统。结合现有CEMS和CO2测量新系统形成5种CO2排放在线监测方法见表1。CO2体积分数分别采用抽取式实测法和O2反演法获得。抽取式实测法通过安装的CO2测量新系统获得。O2反演法基于燃烧理论,即燃烧后烟气中CO2体积分数与O2体积分数相关:
CCO2=CCO2,max(1CO2/20.9)
式中:CCO2,max表示燃料燃烧产生的最大CO2体积分数,%,可根据燃料特性查表获得[20]CO2表示燃料燃烧后烟气中O2体积分数,%。烟气流速采用当前市场上最常用的超声波法和皮托管法2种流速测量方式。超声波法采用烟道截面一条线上的平均流速代表截面平均流速,皮托管法采用烟道截面单点流速代表截面平均流速[24-26]。烟气湿度采用阻容法和温度反演法获得。阻容法可直接测量烟气湿度。温度反演法基于机组湿法脱硫工艺,脱硫后烟气湿度基本达到饱和值,采用烟温反演的饱和湿度表示排烟湿度。
选取2021—2023年试验机组月度混合煤样、入厂煤样等样品的实验室工业分析、元素分析等,得到具备CMA资质的第三方测试报告60份,作为60个验证煤样验证公式(1)反演计算结果的准确性。采用式(1)反演计算出60个验证煤样的Cd,与第三方实测Cd结果对比,其中正偏差煤样23个,占比38.3%,负偏差煤样37个,占比61.7%,最大正偏差为0.94%,最大负偏差为-0.79%,偏差平方和为6.39,偏差和为-2.14,反演计算值略低于实测值,平均偏差为0.06%。对其反演计算数据与实测数据进行拟合分析,结果如图1所示。
图1可见,碳元素反演计算值与实测值线性相关性,相关系数为0.997,残差平方和为6.22,残差和为0.12。可见,通过燃煤电厂工业分析及元素分析,能准确估算入炉燃料元素碳含量。
调取燃煤机组2022年9月01日至2023年2月28日燃料数据,每日3班组取样,得到累计煤样543个。快速核算法采用反演法所得Car通过式(3)计算燃煤机组月度累计值。质量平衡法采用月度混合煤样第三方实测Car,通过式(3)核算燃煤机组月度碳排放量。以质量平衡法为基准,对机组碳排放量快速核算法进行验证,结果见表2
2022年10月和11月厂内2台机组分别检修维护,停机期间不产生碳排放,因此相应月度碳排放量明显较低。由表2可见,全厂月度碳排放量快速核算法结果最大正偏差为1.97%,最大负偏差-0.96%。2022年11月13日至30日全厂机组停机检修,月度统计时间较短,快速核算法结果偏差相对较大,但仍低于2%。正常运行月份,月度碳排放量为40万~50万t,快速核算法结果偏差较小,均在1.10%以内。此外,半年统计期间全厂碳排放量累计快速核算法结果偏差为0.26%,随着碳排放总量的增加,相对偏差逐渐减小。因此,燃煤机组碳排放量快速核算法与质量平衡法核算结果高度一致,且增加统计时间可提升快速核算法计算精度,适合作为其他在线监测方法的参比方法。
取2023年1月12日至2023年3月18日期间机组数据分析,除去2月20日至27日机组调停期间数据,全时段共60天数据,以天为单位进行比对分析。该机组CEMS的颗粒物、流速、烟温、湿度、氧含量、氮氧化物、硫氧化物参数测量偏差均达到环保标准。机组烟气CEMS测试结果见表3,其中参比值为第三方实测值。
试验开始前,采用0%、16.00%体积分数的CO2标准气体对CO2测量新系统的CO2体积分数非分散红外测量单元进行校准。校验得到:CO2体积分数0%标准气体示值为0.05%,漂移+0.05%;CO2体积分数16.00%标准气体示值为16.10%,漂移+0.1%。试验期间CO2体积分数非分散红外测量单元稳定可靠。
以快速核算法得到的机组碳排放量为基准,比较采用热值法计算及5种燃煤电厂CO2在线监测方法的准确性,结果如图2所示。
图2可见:快速核算法、热值法、监测法、修正监测法、氧平衡法、修正氧平衡法、系统法所得碳排放结果变化趋势整体相似;热值法结果普遍高于其他几种方法,系统法结果普遍低于其他几种方法。第42天为机组启动日,统计时段不足24 h以单日计算,故日排量明显偏低。
热值法采用缺省因子计算燃料碳排放量,通常高于质量平衡法(实测燃料元素碳)5%~30%,甚至高达40%[22,27]。新标准核算指南中[28]缺省因子由0.033 56 t/GJ降低为0.030 85 t/GJ,降幅达8.08%,即同样品质燃料及燃料耗量下,燃料碳缺省因子核算法得到的碳排放量将降低8.08%。新标准核算指南下[28],热值法计算所得碳排放量将依然高于质量平衡法,偏离程度将减小至-3.50%~19.40%。
系统法、氧平衡法、修正氧平衡法、监测法、修正监测法间主要差别为CO2体积分数、流速、湿度计算方式不同。以快速核算法为基准,热值法、氧平衡法、修正氧平衡法、监测法、修正监测法、系统法的单日碳排放监测结果偏差见表4
表4可见:热值法偏差均值最大,为+17.00%,修正监测法偏差均值最小,为+5.55%,系统法为负偏差,均值为-10.37%;热值法变异系数最小,为14.92%,修正监测法变异系数最大,为95.73%。热值法与快速核算法结果偏差随时间波动较小,修正监测法结果则随时间波动较大。这是由于快速核算法中燃料元素碳含量计算与热值密切相关,二者结果偏差较为稳定。
燃料取样采用刮板式采样器在上仓输煤皮带上采集燃料混合样,储存在煤仓的燃料经给煤机、磨煤机进入炉膛燃烧。低负荷时段煤仓燃料数小时、数十小时不投入使用,导致实际入炉燃料与上仓燃料短期内存在一定偏差。因此,时间跨度会直接影响燃料元素碳含量反演计算结果的准确性。以3、5、10、20天为时间跨度,对比不同计算方法单日碳排放量,结果如图3所示。
图3可见,不同时间跨度上,各方法之间单日碳排放量偏差相对稳定。修正氧平衡法与修正监测法相对偏差随时间变化明显,试验前20天修正监测法基本与修正氧平衡法测算结果一致,20天后修正氧平衡法测算结果明显高于修正监测法。修正氧平衡法和修正监测法除了CO2体积分数测量方法之外,其他参与计算的参数完全一致。造成其偏差的原因可能包括:CEMS的O2体积分数传感器发生偏离,NDIR的CO2体积分数传感器偏离,或涉及体积分数计算过程出现误差,如保温、泄漏等。此外,修正氧平衡法测算CO2体积分数过程涉及最大CO2体积分数(CCO2,max)取值,该值与煤种相关,因此后续的偏离也可能与电厂入炉煤质发生变化有关。试验期间第三方比对显示O2体积分数不存在偏离,且NDIR测CO2系统试验前后均进行了标定,体积分数传感器自身不存在漂移,因此,推测入炉燃料发生了变化。
不同在线碳排放计算方法与快速核算法的偏差见表5。由表5可见:长时间跨度结果与单日碳排放统计类似,热值法平均偏差最大,修正监测法绝对偏差最小,系统法平均偏差为负;随时间跨度的增大,各计算方法的变异系数逐渐减小,测量偏差趋于稳定;20天时间跨度情况下,变异系数最大为15.16%,最小为1.60%,数据的稳定性及一致性最优。
对不同在线碳排放计算结果进行相关性分析,结果见表6。由表6可见,随时间跨度的增大,方法间相关性明显增强,1、3、5、10、20天时间跨度最小互相关系数分别为0.963、0.970、0.971、0.980和0.993。热值法与快速核算法相关性强,这是由于快速核算法中元素碳含量的计算与燃料热值具有较强的相关关系;修正法与非修正法相关性强,是由于湿度修正相对较小,对整体影响不大。系统法与监测法采用相同的CO2体积分数,但流速、湿度、温度、压力测量系统均不相同,其中流速偏差较大。机组原CEMS采用超声波法测量流速,结果为线平均流速;单点皮托管测流速为点流速,原CEMS流速测量原理上优于单点皮托管法。氧平衡法采用缺省的最大CO2体积分数进行折算,与在线监测方法有良好的相关性,表明通过氧平衡计算烟气中CO2体积分数有较好的代表性。但氧平衡法与热值法及快速核算法相关性较差,这与上仓煤取样和当日实际入炉燃料存在偏差相关,选择更长的时间跨度可消除燃料偏差产生的影响。
采用正比例函数模型对快速核算法和其他计算方法进行拟合,结果如图4所示。由图4可见,拟合优度R2数值较高,均高于0.997 7。与快速核算法相比,热值法偏离17.0%,监测法偏离7.7%,氧平衡法偏离9.7%,修正监测法偏离4.6%,修正氧平衡法偏离7.1%,系统法偏离-11.5%。除热值法和系统法之外,其余方法测量偏差均在10%以内,可依此对测量结果进行修正,提升碳排放在线监测的可靠性。
对于长周期机组累积碳排放,热值法与快速核算法一致性好,可以天为最小计量周期,根据偏差修正对机组碳排放进行有效评价。直接在线监测机组碳排放的氧平衡法与采用NDIR实测结果偏差较小,在燃料稳定的情况下均可作为机组碳排放计算的依据。系统法与监测法偏差较大,两者区别主要在于流速测量方式不同,虽然现场流速比对均通过第三方验收,但针对全负荷区间变化,2种测量方式的稳定性和准确性差异较大。湿度对碳排放计量的影响弱于流速。在保证流速测量稳定且相对准确的情况下,提高湿度计量的准确性可以进一步减小碳排放计量偏差。温度、压力不直接影响碳排放结果,仅关乎工况态到标态的折算,在满足HJ 75—2017标准要求情况下。在实际应用中,多种测量方式均适用与较长周期碳排放评估,统计结果可以将偶然误差逐渐消除,而系统偏差需要根据元素碳核算进行校准修正。
针对燃煤机组碳排放连续监测的需求和现状,基于典型700 MW燃煤机组开展现场研究,试验探讨燃煤机组的在线CO2排放监测技术,主要研究结论如下。
1)提出了一种基于反演燃料元素碳含量的,以日为最小周期的燃煤电厂燃料燃烧CO2排放快速核算方法。与质量平衡法相比,月度CO2累计排放量偏差不高于2%,半年度偏差为0.26%,计算结果与质量平衡法高度一致。
2)基于CO2体积分数、流速、湿度测量原理,设计了多种燃煤机组CO2排放在线监测方法,并开展了燃煤机组碳排放在线比对分析。结果显示,流速测量方式对碳排放测量结果影响最大,CO2体积分数测量及湿度测量方式影响次之,温度和压力测量偏差影响相对较小。
3)以经过验证的碳排放快速核算法为参比,对比多种在线碳排放计算方法,热值法的结果偏差最大约为17.0%,监测法、修正监测法、氧平衡法、修正氧平衡法偏差较为接近,在4.6%~9.7%,系统法偏差为负,约为-11.5%。多种测量方法累积结果均与核算法存在一定偏差,随碳排放累积计算周期的增长,偏差逐渐趋于稳定,修正后可用于机组较长周期内碳排放计量。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52006080)
  • 江西省重点研发项目(20214BBG74004)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
EGGLESTON S, BUENDIA L, MIWA K, et al. IPCC 2006国家温室气体清单指南: 第二卷 能源[M]. 日本: 全球环境战略研究所, 2006: 2.13-2.35.
EGGLESTON S, BUENDIA L, MIWA K, et al. IPCC 2006 National greenhouse gas inventory guidelines: Volume 2: Energy[M]. Japan: Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, 2006: 2.13-2.35.
[2]
徐丽笑, 王亚菲. 我国城市碳排放核算: 国际统计标准测度与方法构建[J]. 统计研究, 2022, 39(7): 12-30.
XU Lixiao, WANG Yafei. City carbon emission accounting in china: international statistical standards measurement and methodology construction[J]. Statistical Research, 2022, 39(7): 12-30.
[3]
卢露. 碳中和背景下完善我国碳排放核算体系的思考[J]. 西南金融, 2021(12): 15-27.
LU Lu. Thoughts on perfecting China’s carbon emission accounting system under the background of carbon neutrality[J]. Southwest Finance, 2021(12): 15-27.
[4]
中华人民共和国生态环境部办公厅. 关于印发《企业温室气体排放核算与报告指南 发电设施》《企业温室气体排放核查技术指南 发电设施》的通知: 环办气候函〔2022〕485号[R/OL]. (2022-12-21)[2024-04-15]. https://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk06/202212/t20221221_1008430.html.
Office of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China. Notice on Issuing the Guidelines for Accounting and Reporting of Enterprise Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Power Generation Facilities and Technical Guidelines for Verification of Enterprise Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Power Generation Facilities: HBQHH[2022]No.485[R/OL]. (2022-12-21) [2024-04-15]. https://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk06/202212/t20221221_1008430.html.
[5]
WAGNER C, ESBENSEN K H. A systematic approach to assessing measurement uncertainty for CO2 emissions from coal-fired power plants: missing contributions from the Theory of Sampling (TOS)[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2011, 89(9): 1572-1586.
[6]
中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会. 全国首个火力发电企业二氧化碳排放在线监测技术要求标准正式发布[R/OL]. (2021-01-29) [2024-04-15]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xwdt/ztzl/nybzgzzl/gnjnybz/202101/t20210129_1266290.html?eqid=ccf4ffa7000acae200000005645d05d4&wd=&eqid=fb52ba6600040bad0000000264901b04.
National Development and Reform Commission of the People’s Republic of China. Technical requirements for on-line monitoring of CO2 emitted from thermal power plant[R/OL]. (2021-01-29) [2024-04-15]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xwdt/ztzl/nybzgzzl/gnjnybz/202101/t20210129_1266290.html?eqid=ccf4ffa7000acae200000005645d05d4&wd=&eqid=fb52ba6600040bad0000000264901b04.
[7]
火电厂烟气二氧化碳排放连续监测技术规范: DL/T 2376—2021[S]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2021: 3-4.
Specification for continuous emissions monitoring of CO2 in the flue gas emitted from thermal power plants: DL/T 2376—2021[S]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2021: 3-4.
[8]
固定污染源废气二氧化碳的测定非分散红外吸收法: HJ 870—2017[S]. 北京: 中国环境出版社, 2017: 1-5.
Stationary source emission determination of carbon dioxide non-dispersive infrared absorption method: HJ 870—2017[S]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2017: 1-5.
[9]
王霂晗, 朱林, 张晶杰, 等. 欧盟火电厂二氧化碳排放在线监测系统质量保证体系对中国的启示[J]. 中国电力, 2020, 53(3): 154-158.
WANG Muhan, ZHU Lin, ZHANG Jingjie, et al. Practice of quality assurance system of carbon dioxide emission on-line monitoring system in the european union[J]. Electric Power, 2020, 53(3): 154-158.
[10]
LEE S, CHOI Y M, WOO J, et al. Estimating and comparing greenhouse gas emissions with their uncertainties using different methods: a case study for an energy supply utility[J]. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2014, 64(10): 1164-1173.
[11]
刘科, 杨兴森, 王太, 等. 基于实时监测的燃煤机组碳排放特性研究[J]. 热力发电, 2022, 51(10): 47-53.
LIU Ke, YANG Xingsen, WANG Tai, et al. Research on carbon emission characteristics of coal-fired units based on real-time monitoring[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2022, 51(10): 47-53.
[12]
袁博. 基于NDIR原理的CO2浓度传感器的制备与研究[D]. 成都: 电子科技大学, 2019: 14-19.
YUAN Bo. A research and manufacturing of CO2 sensorbased on NDIR technology[D]. Chengdu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2019: 14-19.
[13]
洪光烈, 章桦萍, 刘豪, 等. 国外差分吸收激光雷达探测大气CO2研究综述[J]. 光电工程, 2018, 45(1): 4-17.
HONG Guanglie, ZHANG Huaping, LIU Hao, et al. Review of measurement for atmospheric CO2 differential absorption lidar[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2018, 45(1): 4-17.
[14]
蔡廷栋, 高光珍, 王敏锐, 等. 高温高压下基于TDLAS的二氧化碳浓度测量方法研究[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2014, 34(7): 1769-1773.
CAI Tingdong, GAO Guangzhen, WANG Minrui, et al. Measurements of CO2 concentration at high temperature and pressure environments using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2014, 34(7): 1769-1773.
[15]
TENG T P, CHEN W J. A compensation model for an NDIR-based CO2 sensor and its energy implication on demand control ventilation in a hot and humid climate [J]. Energy and Buildings, 2023, 281: 112738.
[16]
MARTIN C R, ZENG N, KARION A, et al. Evaluation and environmental correction of ambient CO2 measurements from a low-cost NDIR sensor[J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 2017, 10: 2383-2395.
[17]
吴昊, 任鑫, 朱俊杰. 发电行业二氧化碳排放监测技术现状与综述[J]. 热力发电, 2023, 52(7): 1-13.
WU Hao, REN Xin, ZHU Junjie. Current situation and review of carbon dioxide emission monitoring technology in power generation industry[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2023, 52(7): 1-13.
[18]
IM S, NGUYEN D T, CHOI Y M, et al. Smokestack gas velocity measurements using 3D pitot tubes in a coal-fired power plant[J]. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2023, 91: 102347.
[19]
QUICK J C. Carbon dioxide emission tallies for 210 U.S. coal-fired power plants: a comparison of two accounting methods[J]. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2014, 64(11): 73-79.
[20]
固定污染源烟气(SO2、NOx、颗粒物)排放连续监测系统技术规范: HJ 75—2017[S]. 北京: 中国环境出版社, 2017: 12-13.
Specifications for continuous emissions monitoring of SO2, NOx, and particulate matter in the flue gas emitted from stationary sources: HJ 75—2017[S]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2017: 12-13.
[21]
马若梦. 基于多次反射直接吸收的烟道气二氧化碳浓度测量的研究[D]. 保定: 河北大学, 2020: 12-28.
MA Ruomeng. Research on measurement of flue gas carbon dioxide concentration based on direct absorption of multiple reflections[D]. Baoding: Hebei University, 2020:12-28.
[22]
李峥辉, 卢伟业, 庞晓坤, 等. 火电企业CO2排放在线监测系统的研发应用[J]. 洁净煤技术, 2020, 26(4): 182-189.
LI Zhenghui, LU Weiye, PANG Xiaokun, et al. Research and application of on-line monitoring system for CO2 emissions from thermal power enterprises[J]. Clean Coal Technology, 2020, 26(4): 182-189.
[23]
裴冰, 刘通浩, 杨文雨, 等. 典型燃煤电厂机组二氧化碳排放测试及核算研究[J]. 中国环境监测, 2023, 39(2): 225-231.
PEI Bing, LIU Tonghao, YANG Wenyu, et al. Study on determination and accounting of CO2 emission from typical coal-fired power plant[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2023, 39(2): 225-231.
[24]
方文沐, 李天荣, 杜惠敏. 燃料分析技术问答[M]. 3版. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2005: 447-457.
FANG Wenmu, LI Tianrong, DU Huimin. Fuel analysis technology Q&A[M]. 3rd ed. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2005: 447-457.
[25]
BRYANT R, SANNI O, MOORE E, et al. An uncertainty analysis of mean flow velocity measurements used to quantify emissions from stationary sources[J]. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2014, 64(6): 679-689.
[26]
陶冶, 李强, 张爱丽, 等. 超声波流速仪在烟气流速测量中的应用[J]. 中国环境监测, 2014, 30(6): 179-183.
TAO Ye, LI Qiang, ZHANG Aili, et al. Ultrasonic flow meter in the flue gas flow measurement applications[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2014, 30(6): 179-183.
[27]
LIU Z, GUAN D B, WEI W, et al. Reduced carbon emission estimates from fossil fuel combustion and cement production in China[J]. Nature, 2015, 524(7565): 335-348.
[28]
夏磊. 做好全国碳市场数据质量提升与管理——2023年版《发电核算指南》解读[J]. 中国电力企业管理, 2023(1): 56-58.
XIA Lei. Improving and managing the quality of national carbon market data: interpretation of the 2023 edition of the Electricity Generation Accounting Guidelines[J]. China Power Enterprise Management, 2023(1): 56-58.
2025年第54卷第1期
PDF下载
129
56
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202404089
  • 接收时间:2024-04-15
  • 首发时间:2026-03-06
  • 出版时间:2025-01-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-15
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52006080)
国家自然科学基金项目(52006080)
Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province(20214BBG74004)
江西省重点研发项目(20214BBG74004)
作者信息
    1.江西江投能源技术研究有限公司,江西 南昌 330096
    2.华中科技大学煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430074

通讯作者:

吴建群(1988),男,博士后,高级工程师,主要研究方向为煤炭清洁高效燃烧技术,
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202404089
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏