Article(id=1236679389107254245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236679384321544791, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202405128, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1716307200000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1772776942754, onlineDateStr=2026-03-06, pubDate=1735056000000, pubDateStr=2024-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1772776942754, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1772776942754, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772776942754, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1236679384321544791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2024', volume='53', issue='12', pageStart='1', pageEnd='160', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1772776941614, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772777031740, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1236679762404504298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236679384321544791, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1236679762404504299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236679384321544791, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=135, endPage=142, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1236679389539267568, articleId=1236679389107254245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=A hierarchical fuzzy control strategy for suppressing low-frequency oscillations on prime mover side of thermal power units, columnId=1211002409397129992, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Power generation technology forum, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

With the large-scale development and grid integration of new energy sources, the fundamental control and operational mechanisms of power system have undergone significant changes to power balance and safety stability control. Low-frequency oscillation events in power systems have typically been simulated and analyzed using standard speed control system models. However, these standard models fail to reflect the regulation characteristics of the units and cannot accurately reproduce the low-frequency oscillation process. Based on the nonlinear characteristics of steam turbine valves and combined with the actual frequency control logic, a small frequency deviation compensation module and a valve flow module are introduced into the typical speed control system model to establish low-frequency oscillation model. The accuracy and effectiveness of the model are verified using actual operational data. Moreover, low-frequency oscillation evaluation indicators are established, by employing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy evaluation methods, online identification and grading evaluation of low-frequency oscillations are achieved. On this basis, a phased suppression strategy for low-frequency oscillations on the prime mover side of thermal power units is proposed. The corresponding suppression measures are executed based on low-frequency oscillation evaluation results, and the low frequency oscillation model is used to carry out simulation verification. The results demonstrate the suppression strategy can effectively eliminate low-frequency oscillations on the prime mover side and improve operation safety of thermal power units.

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近年来,随着新能源大规模开发和并网,电力系统的控制基础和运行机理发生显著变化,电力系统中出现的低频振荡事件通常采用典型调速系统模型进行过程模拟和分析。但是,典型调速系统模型未能全面反映机组调节特性,无法准确复现低频振荡过程。研究基于汽轮机调节阀门的非线性特性,结合实际调频控制逻辑,将小频差补偿模块及阀门流量模块引入典型调速系统模型,建立了低频振荡模型,并利用实际运行数据验证了模型的准确性和有效性;同时构建了低频振荡评价指标,利用层次分析法和模糊评价方法,实现了低频振荡在线辨识及分级评价;在此基础上,提出了火电机组原动机侧低频振荡分阶段抑制策略,根据不同低频振荡评价结果执行相应的抑制方案,利用低频振荡模型进行仿真验证。研究结果表明抑制策略能够有效抑制原动机侧低频振荡,提高火电机组运行安全。

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张顺(1984),男,硕士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向为网源协调、发电机组性能优化及应用,
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李生鹏(1991),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为网源协调、热工保护与自动控制技术及应用,

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李生鹏(1991),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为网源协调、热工保护与自动控制技术及应用,

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基于抑制低频震荡的火电机组原动机侧分级模糊控制策略
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李生鹏 , 张顺 , 孙志刚 , 高科碧 , 姚洪宇
热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2024,53(12): 135-142
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热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2024, 53(12): 135-142
基于抑制低频震荡的火电机组原动机侧分级模糊控制策略
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李生鹏 , 张顺 , 孙志刚, 高科碧, 姚洪宇
作者信息
  • 兰州陇能电力科技有限公司,甘肃 兰州  730050
  • 李生鹏(1991),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为网源协调、热工保护与自动控制技术及应用,

通讯作者:

张顺(1984),男,硕士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向为网源协调、发电机组性能优化及应用,
A hierarchical fuzzy control strategy for suppressing low-frequency oscillations on prime mover side of thermal power units
Shengpeng LI , Shun ZHANG , Zhigang SUN, Kebi GAO, Hongyu YAO
Affiliations
  • Lanzhou Longneng Electric Power Technology Co, Ltd, Lanzhou 730050, China
出版时间: 2024-12-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202405128
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近年来,随着新能源大规模开发和并网,电力系统的控制基础和运行机理发生显著变化,电力系统中出现的低频振荡事件通常采用典型调速系统模型进行过程模拟和分析。但是,典型调速系统模型未能全面反映机组调节特性,无法准确复现低频振荡过程。研究基于汽轮机调节阀门的非线性特性,结合实际调频控制逻辑,将小频差补偿模块及阀门流量模块引入典型调速系统模型,建立了低频振荡模型,并利用实际运行数据验证了模型的准确性和有效性;同时构建了低频振荡评价指标,利用层次分析法和模糊评价方法,实现了低频振荡在线辨识及分级评价;在此基础上,提出了火电机组原动机侧低频振荡分阶段抑制策略,根据不同低频振荡评价结果执行相应的抑制方案,利用低频振荡模型进行仿真验证。研究结果表明抑制策略能够有效抑制原动机侧低频振荡,提高火电机组运行安全。

低频振荡  /  振荡抑制控制  /  调速系统  /  一次调频  /  模糊控制

With the large-scale development and grid integration of new energy sources, the fundamental control and operational mechanisms of power system have undergone significant changes to power balance and safety stability control. Low-frequency oscillation events in power systems have typically been simulated and analyzed using standard speed control system models. However, these standard models fail to reflect the regulation characteristics of the units and cannot accurately reproduce the low-frequency oscillation process. Based on the nonlinear characteristics of steam turbine valves and combined with the actual frequency control logic, a small frequency deviation compensation module and a valve flow module are introduced into the typical speed control system model to establish low-frequency oscillation model. The accuracy and effectiveness of the model are verified using actual operational data. Moreover, low-frequency oscillation evaluation indicators are established, by employing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy evaluation methods, online identification and grading evaluation of low-frequency oscillations are achieved. On this basis, a phased suppression strategy for low-frequency oscillations on the prime mover side of thermal power units is proposed. The corresponding suppression measures are executed based on low-frequency oscillation evaluation results, and the low frequency oscillation model is used to carry out simulation verification. The results demonstrate the suppression strategy can effectively eliminate low-frequency oscillations on the prime mover side and improve operation safety of thermal power units.

low frequency oscillation  /  oscillation suppression control  /  governing system  /  primary frequency regulation  /  fuzzy control
李生鹏, 张顺, 孙志刚, 高科碧, 姚洪宇. 基于抑制低频震荡的火电机组原动机侧分级模糊控制策略. 热力发电, 2024 , 53 (12) : 135 -142 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202405128
Shengpeng LI, Shun ZHANG, Zhigang SUN, Kebi GAO, Hongyu YAO. A hierarchical fuzzy control strategy for suppressing low-frequency oscillations on prime mover side of thermal power units[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2024 , 53 (12) : 135 -142 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202405128
近年来,随着可再生能源快速发展,源网结构发生重大变化,新能源发电大量接入电网,其随机性、间歇性和波动性特点导致网频波动情况加剧[1-2]。大量新型电力电子设备接入,电网呈现低惯量和弱阻尼趋势,具有较差的稳定性,电力系统的控制基础和运行机理发生变化。部分火电机组由于参数设置不当或运行在特殊工况,造成调节特性劣化,在响应频率往复快速波动的过程中极易诱发机组低频振荡,严重危害机组和电网运行安全[3]
目前,对于机组低频振荡的研究大多集中在振荡机理及抑制措施等方面[4-5]。在机理分析方面,王海鑫等[6]针对不同的低频振荡类型系统梳理了对应的产生机理及分析方法,并针对低频振荡影响因素、振荡机理及其分析与抑制方法的最新研究成果进行总结与展望。张宝等[7]分析了调速系统中诱发低频振荡的关键因素并阐述了影响机理。赵婷等[8]针对典型案例进行分析,明确了汽轮机调节阀流量特性曲线线性度偏离是引起低频振荡的重要原因。上述研究在进行振荡过程分析时采用电力系统分析软件中的调速系统模型,但是由于模型中调频控制系统仅为固定参数的PID控制器,与机组实际控制策略存在差异,同时模型对机组阀门流量特性进行了线性化处理,未能全面反映阀门流量特性拐点对机组调节特性的影响,导致调速系统模型仅能拟合振荡变化趋势无法准确复现低频振荡动态过程。
在抑制措施方面,常见措施为调速系统附加阻尼的GPSS(governor power system stabilization)控制策略。冯长有等[9]对机组各控制环节进行了详细建模分析,利用阻尼转矩法推导出各个控制环节所产生的阻尼水平。根据不同环节的汽轮发电机组的低频振荡原因提出了相应的抑制振荡的有效措施。仿真验证了所提理论的正确性及所提出抑制措施的可行性,但目前尚处于样机验证与试制阶段。Chen等人[10]采用优化调速系统参数实现低频振荡抑制。张宝等[11]提出了可抑制强迫振荡的火电机组控制方式优化方法,并建议使用电网频率信号代替转速信号用于一次调频回路。王琦等[12]根据调差系数取值对一次调频控制系统稳定性的影响,提出了火电机组动态一次调频控制策略,减少了风电功率波动对系统频率稳定的影响。但是,上述研究中所涉及的调速系统参数优化过程容易对机组调频响应性能产生不利影响[13-14]。此外,火电机组运行工况多变,原动机侧可能诱发机组低频振荡的原因众多,依据单一工况情形整定的参数难以表现出期望的性能[15-16]
针对以上问题,本文基于机组实际调频控制策略以及阀门流量非线性特性,建立了低频振荡仿真模型,根据低频振荡过程特征,采用状态空间对火电机组调速器工作状态进行监测,并使用模糊控制对其不同工作状态结合产生频率波动的原因和频率振荡类型进行评价与界定。在此基础上,提出了低频振荡评价指标,实现了振荡安全等级的分级量化评价以及根据评价结果进行低频振荡分阶段抑制策略。
目前,典型调速系统模型通常由调节系统、电液伺服系统以及汽轮机原动机系统3部分组成。其中,调节系统控制方式包括阀位控制方式、压力控制方式、负荷控制方式以及冲转过程的转速控制方式。电液伺服系统主要由电液转换器、油动机以及位移传感器组成。采用的调速系统模型不包含机组实际一次调频控制策略及汽轮机阀门流量特性等重要部分,调速系统模型很难准确反映系统实际调节特征。如一次调频控制可通过调差系数进行表征,阀门流量特性表征为通流量与阀门开度的线性化关系,实际过程中一次调频动作时还可通过修改功率设定达到机炉匹配,阀门流量特性的简化及控制参数的缺失导致调速模型难以复现机组低频振荡过程,无法对抑制方案进行仿真验证。
火电机组为了提高一次调频考核合格率,普遍采用叠加小频差补偿或减小局部转速不等率的方法,加快一次调频小频差响应能力。而典型调速系统模型中采用固定调差系数,无法反映这一实际特性。此外,机组通常具有2~6个高压调节阀,对于典型的四调阀机组,为提高机组运行经济性,通常采用顺序阀运行方式,即4个调阀依次开启,顺序阀流量特性曲线如图1所示。从图1可以看出,3组流量曲线均存在明显拐点,且阀门开度与蒸汽流量间为非线性关系,典型调速系统模型同样无法反映这一特性。因此,有必要将机组一次调频控制策略及阀门流量特性引入调速系统模型,提高模型的有效性。
根据经典调速系统进行建模,分析所使用的数据,建模部分包括以频率信号为输入的部分开始到汽轮机做工部分结束。
获取机组运行手册中典型机组调速系统设计以及调速器相关设计参数。包括时间常数T1T2T3和控制参数KPKIKD,各环节迟延时间Tτ1Tτ2Tτ3Tτw1Tτw2,控制死区Dz,控制限幅Dh,各环节增益K1K2,建立初始模型,对调速系统进行状态观测,并将采集到的参数数据代入到图2的汽轮机调速系统模型中,得到经典调速器控制模型。
调速系统部分输出Pcv到后面的阀门调节部分,调节主蒸汽阀门开度,进而控制汽轮机,最后汽轮机负荷输出信号反馈给调速系统构成控制闭环。
本文基于低频振荡动态过程,结合低频振荡频率范围,考虑振荡持续时间对电网造成的影响以及有功功率的波动趋势,构建振荡辨识判定指标,各指标计算方法如下。
1)信号拐点序列
低频振荡期间通常存在多波次的功率摆动,计算功率信号频率及幅值指标的关键在于找出振荡信号区间。假设采样频率为fs,采样得到n个样本,功率信号序列为{x1, x2,…, xn}。
定义Δxi=xixi-1,若满足
{Δxi1Δxi>0ΔxiΔxi+1<0Δxi+1Δxi+2>0
则认为xi为拐点,从而可以求出拐点序{d1,d2, …, dm}。
2)信号摆动幅值
功率信号相邻拐点之间数值差的绝对值即为拐点间区段内的摆幅。
Li=|xdixdi+1|  
3)振荡起止点位置
根据相关标准要求,机组稳态运行时功率误差应不超过机组额定负荷P0的1%,因此将1% P0作为振荡起振判定阈值。同时,将振荡持续时长也作为振荡起振的判定条件,考虑到机组侧低频振荡频率通常集中在0.5~1.5 Hz,将3 s作为时长阈值。首次满足摆幅大于1%P0的拐点作为计时起点,若3 s内摆幅计算值仍大于1%P0,则满足判定条件后最早出现的拐点判定为振荡起点A0。与起点判定条件类似,当功率摆幅收敛至1%P0以内且持续时长大于3 s,则满足判定条件,最晚出现的拐点为振荡终止点。采用以上判定方法虽然会造成起点滞后、终点提前,但是可以显著减少误判次数,提高低频振荡辨识的有效性。
4)周期数指标、频率指标及变化指标
统计振荡起点后拐点序列中数值为负的拐点个数T,即周期数指标。
统计振荡起点后t时长内拐点个数n,则频率指标f
f=n12t  
统计振荡起点后每个振荡周期的摆幅,则变化指标ΔLi
ΔLi=Li+2Li 
当ΔLi为正时,说明摆幅在增大,振荡处于发散状态;当ΔLi为负时,说明摆幅在减小,振荡处于衰减状态;当ΔLi为0时,说明摆幅没有变化,振荡处于等幅振荡状态。
本文利用采集到的频率偏差指令数据Lf作为输入,输入到图2所得模型中进行运行,对频率指令输入、主蒸汽压力信号、负荷反馈的数据进行监测,以给定工况下锅炉手册中各环节数据作为初始数据对模型各部分参数进行定义,运行模型。采集到主蒸汽压力信号、负荷反馈数据为PsPlPl也为汽轮机输出功率,为时间采样序列Lt下的每个负荷反馈数据的点值。
1)运行状态识别
使用时间序列Lt、主蒸汽压力信号Ps、频率偏差指令信号Lf作为这一步的计算量,对调速系统运行特性进行系统辨识,辨识方法如下。
在时间序列Lt下,根据PsLf的变化曲线,设置评价参数:主蒸汽压力信号变化幅值指标A1、主蒸汽压力信号变化速率指标A2、频差指令波动持续时间指标A3、频差指令波动幅值指标A4、频差指令信号波动频率指标A5
其中,主蒸汽压力信号变化幅值指标为:
A1=Ps(tn)Ps(t0)Ps(t0)
式中:Ps(t0)为变化前的主蒸汽压力信号;Ps(tn)为得到指令持续后最终稳定的主蒸汽压力信号;t0tn的采样间隔由时间序列Lt精度决定。
主蒸汽压力信号变化速率指标为:
A2=Ps(tn)Ps(t0)tnt0
当|Lf (t1)-Lf (t0)|>0.05时记录t0为波动开始时间,当|Lf (tn)-Lf (tn-1)|<0.05到|Lf (tn+10)-Lf (tn+9)|<0.05都满足式中条件,记录tn为波动结束时间,得到频差指令波动持续时间指标:
A3=tnt0
Lf (t0)到Lf (tn)中寻找最大峰峰值,得到频差指令波动幅值指标:
Lfmax=max{Lf(t)}
Lfmin=min{Lf(t)}
计算取绝对值最大值:
A4={Lfmax ,max{Lf(t)}>|min{Lf(t)}||Lfmin| ,max{Lf(t)}|min{Lf(t)}|
频差指令信号波动频率指标为:
A5=Ntnt0
式中:N为在Lf (t0)到Lf (tn)中频差波动从初始峰值经过多个完整频率上升下降过程周期的次数。
2)振荡模式识别
使用时间序列Lt,汽轮机输出功率的数据序列QQ={Q0,Q1,…,Qz},计算振荡模式参数。
设置功率振荡模式评价参数:功率振荡幅值指标B1、功率振荡持续周期指标B2、功率振荡幅值变化程度指标B3、功率振荡频率指标B4
功率振荡数据曲线中每个波形周期中最大正值和最大负值之间的差值,即峰峰值,在取样周期内求取峰峰值,并做平均处理作为这一段数据的信号幅值,得到功率振荡幅值指标:
B1=i=0zΔQiz
式中:ΔQi为汽轮机输出功率Q中相邻峰谷值之差绝对值所构成的新序列。
ΔQi={|Q1Q0|,|Q2Q1|,|Q3Q2|,,|QzQz1|}
式中:z为数列ΔQi的容量。
功率振荡持续周期指标为:
B2=tnt0
功率振荡幅值变化程度指标为:
B3=i=0z1|ΔQiΔQi+1|z1
振荡幅值的变化程度用每相邻波峰波谷之差的平均值表示。
功率振荡频率指标为:
B4=ztnt0
A1A2A3A4A5B1B2B3B4作为A类及B类2组一级风险指标,构建一级指标风险指标判断矩阵。
计算A类指标每个风险指标参数相对于彼此的权重wAi,使用方根法计算A类条件下风险指标权重的特征向量特征向量WAi
WAi=j=15cij5
进一步计算Ki的权重wAi
wAi=WAii=15WAi
计算B类指标每个风险指标参数相对于彼此的权重wBi,使用方根法计算特征向量WBi
WBi=j=14cij4
进一步计算Ki的权重wBi为:
wBi=WBii=14WBi
根据隶属度函数对各自评价矩阵中的rij进行取值,并代入式(21)—式(29)计算得到对应隶属度RA1RA2RA3RA4RA5RB1RB2RB3RB4、。
RA1=r11+r12+r13=FA1K1+FA1K2+FA1K3
RA2=r21+r22+r23=FA2K1+FA2K2+FA2K3
RA3=r31+r32+r33=FA3K1+FA3K2+FA3K3
RA4=r41+r42+r43=FA4K1+FA4K2+FA4K3
RA5=r51+r52+r53=FA5K1+FA5K2+FA5K3
RB1=r11+r12+r13=FB1K1+FB1K2+FB1K3
RB2=r21+r22+r23=FB2K1+FB2K2+FB2K3
RB3=r31+r32+r33=FB3K1+FB3K2+FB3K3
RB4=r41+r42+r43=FB4K1+FB4K2+FB4K3
A1对应在K1等级下的隶属度函数命名为FA1K1,将A1对应在二级方案层下的总隶属度函数命名为FA1,其他各函数以此类推。每3个隶属度函数构成的总隶属度函数如图3所示,各函数分段节点以自身表示的物理参数性质决定。
将每个隶属度加权求和得到对应的功率振荡危险等级评价综合指标:
S=[SA,SB]=[i=15wAi×RAi,i=14wBi×RBi]
根据振荡评价等级分级表,对控制信号处理进行前馈控制,并且根据振荡等级类型设计调速器PID控制器的附加控制方法,对2个维度等级的运行情况进行控制器分级控制的设计(图4)。
其中控制信号前馈处理使用SA等级、控制器附加控制使用SB等级进行分阶段不同控制方法。
控制信号前馈处理为:
P˜s={Ps ,                                              SA>SAKPs+(1tnt0+Ps2),  SAKSA>SADk×Ps ,                                       SASAD
式中:SAKSAD为控制信号影响功率振荡相关性评价维度;P˜sPs经过处理的信号。式(31)分别采用不加控制、控制指令缓慢加入、控制指令削减的策略。
P˜f={Pf,                                               SB>SBK  Pf+(1tnt0+Pf2), SBKSB>SBDPf0.01,                                  SBSBD
式中:P˜fPf经过处理的信号。式(32)分别采用不加控制、控制指令缓慢加入、增大动作死区的策略。P˜f附加控制器分别采用常态抑制,参数弱化和振荡阻断,SBKSBD均为功率振荡危险程度评价维度。
SB>SBK时,常态抑制使用调速系统自身PID控制参数进行常态化抑制;SBKSB>SBD时,参数弱化对调速系统PID参数中的增益Kp进行削弱,以减轻控制效果,避免功率变化剧烈产生的振荡;SBSBD时,振荡阻断在处于高度危险时切除控制信号的输入,以避免继续动作导致振荡持续和加剧。
P˜s(t)Ps(t0)
P˜f(t)Pf(t0)
式(33)、式(34)中控制信号输入值恒定为振荡阻断时的信号值,这使得PID控制器暂时不再收到控制信号,仅对反馈信号带来的偏差进行抑制。
采用某机组调频实验数据进行仿真验证。其中频差调节信号P˜s经控制策略处理后的信号如图5所示。
压力控制信号P˜f经策略处理后的信号如图6所示,纵坐标单位为压力信号相较原信号的变化量百分比。
将上述处理后的信号输入模型进行仿真,得到各处理方式下模型功率输出如图7所示。
图7可以看到:对比原控制指令,在机组功率产生振荡时,缓慢加入控制信号指令能第一时间降低振荡的趋势,减少后续振荡的幅值和持续时间;而指令削减能更直接地减少功率振荡各方面的指标,在处理危险程度更高的振荡情况时,可以及时做出响应,快速降低振荡风险,保持机组运行的安全性。
在附加控制器仿真验证时,分别对振荡进行常态抑制,增益削弱和控制切除的手段,根据模型进行仿真,得到的对应功率曲线如图8所示。
图8可以看到:常态化抑制可以部分缓解功率振荡问题,对比常态抑制,增益削弱能从持续时间和振荡幅值的指标方面有效减小振荡,而且不会与设定功率产生很大偏差;控制切除是在振荡风险极高时采取的措施,能够及时退出控制响应,最大程度抑制功率振荡,当机组稳定后,再进行指令的响应。
火电机组原动机侧调速系统中可能引发低频振荡的扰动源众多,典型调速系统模型未能全面覆盖,无法准确复现机组低频振荡过程。本文根据火电机组调频控制逻辑及阀门流量非线性特性,构建了小频差补偿模块及阀门流量模块,结合典型调速系统模型建立了低频振荡模型,并利用实际数据验证了模型的有效性和准确性。
此外,本文选取低频振荡特征指标,利用分级模糊控制策略综合评价方法,实现了低频振荡在线辨识及分级评价。依据评价结果提出了低频振荡模糊控制策略,其中常态抑制通过不同速率实现一次调频差异化响应,参数弱化通过动态调整一次调频控制参数实现控制参数与评价结果的实时联动,振荡阻断作为最后手段,通过对一次调频目标函数的调整实现一次调频功能暂时退出。利用低频振荡模型对振荡策略进行仿真验证,结果表明抑制策略能够有效抑制原动机侧低频振荡,提高了火电机组安全稳定运行水平。
  • 甘肃省电力公司2023年省管产业单位重点研发计划项目(SGCY2023016)
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2024年第53卷第12期
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202405128
  • 接收时间:2024-05-22
  • 首发时间:2026-03-06
  • 出版时间:2024-12-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-22
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Key Research and Development Plan of Gansu Electric Power Company in 2023(SGCY2023016)
甘肃省电力公司2023年省管产业单位重点研发计划项目(SGCY2023016)
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    兰州陇能电力科技有限公司,甘肃 兰州  730050

通讯作者:

张顺(1984),男,硕士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向为网源协调、发电机组性能优化及应用,
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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