Article(id=1236611790449201789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236611783876727231, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202411238, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1732550400000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1772760825978, onlineDateStr=2026-03-06, pubDate=1753372800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1772760825978, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1772760825978, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772760825978, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1236611783876727231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2025', volume='54', issue='7', pageStart='1', pageEnd='159', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1772760824412, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772761154835, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1236613169855123924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236611783876727231, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1236613169855123925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236611783876727231, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=111, endPage=117, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1236611790893798039, articleId=1236611790449201789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Typical faults and countermeasures of flue gas cooler for coal-fired boilers, columnId=1211002409397129992, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Power generation technology forum, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

With the proposal of “double carbon target”, the pace of low-carbon transformation of power system has been further accelerated. The flue gas waste heat utilization systems have been widely applied in thermal power units. As the core equipment of the flue gas waste heat utilization system, the flue gas cooler has a high failure rate in actual operation due to factors such as limited space in the flue gas layout, high flue dust concentration, and ammonium bisulfate deposition. This not only reduces the recovery of flue gas waste heat, but also increases system resistance, resulting in an increase in fan power consumption and even affecting the unit’s load capacity and environmental emission. On the basis of extensive researches on the operation of more than 250 sets of flue gas coolers in the thermal power industry, typical faults commonly found in flue gas coolers, such as leakage, boiler ash deposition, bottom flue ash deposition, and low-temperature flue gas corrosion, are summarized. The causes of the above typical faults and their coupling relationships are analyzed in depth. Moreover, the targeted preventive measures are proposed to provide guidance for transformation and operation/ maintenance of flue gas coolers.

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随着“双碳”目标的提出,电力系统低碳转型步伐进一步加快,烟气余热利用系统在火电机组得到了广泛应用。烟气冷却器作为烟气余热利用系统的核心设备,受布置空间、烟尘浓度高、硫酸氢铵沉积等因素的影响,实际运行中故障率较高,不仅造成回收烟气余热量减少,而且增加系统阻力导致风机耗电率升高,甚至影响机组带负荷能力和环保达标排放。基于对火电行业250余套烟气冷却器投运情况的广泛调研,梳理出烟气冷却器普遍存在的泄漏、本体积灰、烟道底部积灰和低温烟气腐蚀等典型故障,深入分析以上典型故障的原因及其耦合关系,并提出针对性防范对策,为烟气冷却器改造、运维提供指导。

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车得福(1962),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为多相流动与传热、化石燃料清洁燃烧等技术,
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胡芳芳(1980),女,高级工程师,主要研究方向为火力发电厂节能减排及优化设计,

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Power System Engineering, 2016(5): 37-40., articleTitle=Engineering design thinking of preventing low temperature corrosion of boiler, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236611803929694562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236611790449201789, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=30, issue=3, pageStart=266, pageEnd=272, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=30, authorNames=王帅, 吴新, 张庆国, journalName=腐蚀科学与防护技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王帅, 吴新, 张庆国. 低温省煤器防腐换热管表面耐蚀性能[J]. 腐蚀科学与防护技术, 2018, 30(3): 266-272., articleTitle=低温省煤器防腐换热管表面耐蚀性能, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236611804030357861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236611790449201789, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=30, issue=3, pageStart=266, pageEnd=272, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=31, authorNames=WANG Shuai, WU Xin, ZHANG Qingguo, journalName=Corrosion Science and Protection Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Shuai, WU Xin, ZHANG Qingguo. 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燃煤锅炉烟气冷却器典型故障及防范对策
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胡芳芳 1, 2 , 任纪云 1 , 邓磊 1 , 王一坤 3 , 车得福 1 , 邹莹 4
热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2025,54(7): 111-117
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热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2025, 54(7): 111-117
燃煤锅炉烟气冷却器典型故障及防范对策
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胡芳芳1, 2 , 任纪云1, 邓磊1, 王一坤3, 车得福1 , 邹莹4
作者信息
  • 1.西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049
  • 2.中国能源建设集团陕西省电力设计院有限公司,陕西 西安 710054
  • 3.华能长江环保科技有限公司,北京 102209
  • 4.西安交通大学外语学院,陕西 西安 710049
  • 胡芳芳(1980),女,高级工程师,主要研究方向为火力发电厂节能减排及优化设计,

通讯作者:

车得福(1962),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为多相流动与传热、化石燃料清洁燃烧等技术,
Typical faults and countermeasures of flue gas cooler for coal-fired boilers
Fangfang HU1, 2 , Jiyun REN1, Lei DENG1, Yikun WANG3, Defu CHE1 , Ying ZOU4
Affiliations
  • 1.State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
  • 2.China Energy Engineering Group Shaanxi Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710054, China
  • 3.Huaneng Changjiang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102209, China
  • 4.School of Foreign Studies, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
出版时间: 2025-07-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202411238
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随着“双碳”目标的提出,电力系统低碳转型步伐进一步加快,烟气余热利用系统在火电机组得到了广泛应用。烟气冷却器作为烟气余热利用系统的核心设备,受布置空间、烟尘浓度高、硫酸氢铵沉积等因素的影响,实际运行中故障率较高,不仅造成回收烟气余热量减少,而且增加系统阻力导致风机耗电率升高,甚至影响机组带负荷能力和环保达标排放。基于对火电行业250余套烟气冷却器投运情况的广泛调研,梳理出烟气冷却器普遍存在的泄漏、本体积灰、烟道底部积灰和低温烟气腐蚀等典型故障,深入分析以上典型故障的原因及其耦合关系,并提出针对性防范对策,为烟气冷却器改造、运维提供指导。

烟气冷却器  /  泄漏  /  积灰  /  腐蚀  /  防范对策

With the proposal of “double carbon target”, the pace of low-carbon transformation of power system has been further accelerated. The flue gas waste heat utilization systems have been widely applied in thermal power units. As the core equipment of the flue gas waste heat utilization system, the flue gas cooler has a high failure rate in actual operation due to factors such as limited space in the flue gas layout, high flue dust concentration, and ammonium bisulfate deposition. This not only reduces the recovery of flue gas waste heat, but also increases system resistance, resulting in an increase in fan power consumption and even affecting the unit’s load capacity and environmental emission. On the basis of extensive researches on the operation of more than 250 sets of flue gas coolers in the thermal power industry, typical faults commonly found in flue gas coolers, such as leakage, boiler ash deposition, bottom flue ash deposition, and low-temperature flue gas corrosion, are summarized. The causes of the above typical faults and their coupling relationships are analyzed in depth. Moreover, the targeted preventive measures are proposed to provide guidance for transformation and operation/ maintenance of flue gas coolers.

flue gas cooler  /  leakage  /  ash deposition  /  corrosion  /  preventive measures
胡芳芳, 任纪云, 邓磊, 王一坤, 车得福, 邹莹. 燃煤锅炉烟气冷却器典型故障及防范对策. 热力发电, 2025 , 54 (7) : 111 -117 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202411238
Fangfang HU, Jiyun REN, Lei DENG, Yikun WANG, Defu CHE, Ying ZOU. Typical faults and countermeasures of flue gas cooler for coal-fired boilers[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2025 , 54 (7) : 111 -117 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202411238
锅炉排烟热损失是锅炉各项热损失中最大的一项,约占锅炉各项热损失的60%~70%。目前,我国现役火电机组锅炉设计排烟温度一般在125~150 ℃[1],机组实际运行中锅炉排烟温度普遍超过设计值。锅炉排烟温度偏高,不仅降低锅炉效率、增加发电煤耗,而且造成烟气体积流量增大、粉尘比电阻升高等问题,导致电除尘器效率降低。对于湿法脱硫系统,排烟温度高还会增加脱硫系统的水耗。因此,降低锅炉排烟温度不仅有利于提高机组效率,也有利于污染物减排[2-4]
2014年,国家发改委、环境保护部、国家能源局联合下发发改能源〔2014〕2093号《关于印发〈煤电节能减排升级与改造行动计划(2014—2020年)〉的通知》,对国内燃煤机组节能减排提出了更高要求;2021年国家发展改革委、国家能源局印发《全国煤电机组改造升级实施方案》,明确提出大力推广锅炉烟气余热深度利用技术,鼓励现役机组应用烟气余热深度利用技术。当前,燃煤机组普遍采用烟气余热利用技术,通过设置烟气冷却器,利用锅炉排烟余热加热凝结水、一/二次风或城市热网回水降低烟气温度,烟气温度降低至酸露点以下,形成低低温烟气系统,能够提高电除尘器的除尘效率并实现SO3协同脱除,降低引风机耗电率和脱硫水耗[5-6]
在实际运行中由于烟气流场分布不均,烟气冷却器入口水温或出口烟温控制不合理,吹灰器吹灰效果不佳,上游脱硝系统氨逃逸过高等原因造成烟气冷却器出现磨损、腐蚀、泄漏及堵塞等问题,进而引起静电除尘器排灰不畅和灰斗板结,引风机电耗增加,环保排放超标风险增加等问题,严重影响余热回收的经济性并威胁机组的安全稳定运行[7-9]。本文调研行业内252套烟气冷却器的运行情况,分析目前烟气冷却器存在的问题,并提出相应的防范措施。
烟气余热利用技术一般是在空气预热器至脱硫塔之间的某处烟道加装烟气冷却器回收部分烟气余热,再通过其他换热器加热不同介质以满足不同的节能环保需求。由烟气冷却器、其他换热器及其附属管阀、控制系统构成的一整套装置就是烟气余热利用系统。根据回收热量用途不同,烟气余热利用系统主要可以分为低(低)温省煤器系统和热煤水气气换热器(water medium heat pipe gas-gas heater,WGGH)系统2类。其中,低(低)温省煤器系统回收的烟气余热主要用于加热低压给水,以节能目标为导向,主要设备是烟气冷却器;WGGH系统回收的烟气余热主要用于脱硫塔出口净烟气加热,以环保目标为导向,主要设备包括烟气冷却器和烟气再热器。无论哪种烟气余热利用系统,烟气冷却器都是必有的核心设备,其安全经济运行关乎整个系统乃至机组运行的经济性和安全性[10]
本文调研了在役373台火电机组,其中252台机组装有烟气余热利用系统,未安装的机组大部分是燃机和小型供热燃煤机组,具体如图1所示。在252台机组中,低(低)温省煤器系统应用最为广泛,共127套,占比约50%;低(低)温省煤器联合暖风器系统共78套,占比约31%,这是最常见的烟气余热利用系统的扩展形式;低(低)温省煤器联合热网水加热器系统共10套,低(低)温省煤器大类系统共215台机组,占比超85%,这表明以节能为导向的烟气余热利用系统应用最广。其余的37台机组为WGGH及其扩展系统。
烟气冷却器受布置空间、高烟尘浓度和硫酸氢铵沉积等因素影响,其运行条件较为恶劣,运行中发生的典型故障主要包括泄漏、本体积灰、烟道底部积灰和低温烟气腐蚀4大类,集中表现为设备的出口烟温升高和运行阻力增大。烟气冷却器出口烟温代表烟气冷却器换热能力是否正常,运行阻力代表烟气在设备区域是否能正常通流。据统计,本体积灰问题占比最大,约60%机组存在本体积灰堵塞问题;设备泄漏、底部烟道积灰和低温烟气腐蚀的机组分别占比41.7%、27.8%和13.9%左右,具体如图2所示。其中,泄漏主要与烟气冷却器管束的磨损、腐蚀有关,部分与材质和焊接工艺有关,个别也与吹灰有关;烟道底部积灰主要与流场不均形成的局部涡流、烟速低以及未设置有效输灰装置有关;低温腐蚀与运行水温、烟温、材质和煤质等因素有关;本体积灰主要与灰的黏性、硫酸氢铵沉积、吹灰效果和受热面结构有关。
泄漏、本体积灰、烟道底部积灰和低温烟气腐蚀4类问题往往相互影响、相互促进,具体如图3所示。如烟道底部出现积灰,则烟气流通截面变小、烟气流速增加,磨损加剧引发换热管泄漏,泄漏又加剧本体和底部积灰堵塞,并引起低温烟气腐蚀,而所有这些又进一步缩小烟气通流面积,反复恶化。所以,在解决烟气冷却器上述问题时要一并考虑,采取综合措施。需要注意的是,虽然单纯的泄漏问题不如本体积灰堵塞普遍,但泄漏与其他3个问题深度耦合。一旦发生泄漏,就会引发其他3个问题,因此在解决烟气冷却器问题时,应首先解决泄漏问题。
烟气冷却器泄漏的主要原因有飞灰磨损、热应力、焊接或连接缺陷和腐蚀。低温下飞灰颗粒变硬,磨损性增强,加剧了受热面磨损[11]。易发生磨损泄漏部位包括受热面迎风面前排区域、烟气走廊区域、涡流区和飞灰浓度局部偏高区域。飞灰磨损与烟气流速的3次方成正比,因此应特别注意流场不均造成的高烟速区域和受热面布置不当形成的烟气走廊。低温烟气腐蚀引起的泄漏易发生在烟气冷却器的低温段和管束弯头区域。低温段腐蚀的主要原因是低温段烟温或进水温度控制过低,烟气中酸性气体凝结在换热管上造成腐蚀泄漏,管束弯头区域腐蚀与管束弯头处积存灰有关,烟气冷却器磨损泄漏及弯头腐蚀泄漏如图4所示。
燃煤过程中产生的飞灰在烟气冷却器内部沉积,与冷却器的设计、运行条件和煤的特性有关。烟气冷却器本体积灰有2种基本形态,一种是湿黏灰,一种是干积灰(图5)。
湿黏灰与飞灰黏性、硫酸氢铵沉积、管壁外侧水凝结、泄漏、低温腐蚀、采用水介质吹灰器等因素有关,其不易清理。特别是在高硫煤和炉膛出口NOx浓度较高的情况下,受高浓度SO3和逃逸氨的影响,烟气冷却器表面易出现硫酸氢铵沉积。干积灰与燃煤灰分过高、烟气流速偏低、受热面结构易积灰搭桥、吹灰器效果差等因素有关,较易清理。本体积灰会降低热交换效率,增加能耗,并可能引起设备过热,还会减小烟气通流面积、增加烟气流速,加剧磨损;湿粘灰沉积在管外壁表面,易造成低温烟气腐蚀。若烟气冷却器布置在除尘器前,本体积灰在设备泄漏时将板结,运行阻力急剧增加,导致部分或全部换热模块失效,甚至影响除尘器和机组运行安全。
除因流场不均造成的局部积灰外,烟道底部积灰主要与烟气冷却器出口烟道突扩造成的烟气流速突降、低负荷下烟气量减小,以及机组各烟道流量分布不均造成流量小的烟道烟气流速低、烟气携带能力差等因素有关。烟道底部积灰一般出现在烟道扩口段及烟气冷却器迎风第一、第二模块之间的区域(图6)。部分机组烟道底部积灰问题严重,阻塞烟道并增加抽力损失,积灰可高达数米,导致锅炉效率下降并引发安全隐患。
锅炉燃烧产生的烟气中含有一定量的SO2、SO3,部分SO2在脱硝催化剂作用下会转化为SO3,SO3与水蒸气结合形成气态硫酸,气态的硫酸遇到温度较低的受热面时就会凝结为液态硫酸,进而腐蚀受热面[12-13],导致烟气冷却器腐蚀失效,影响锅炉运行稳定性。
低温烟气腐蚀一般发生在烟气冷却器的低温段(图7)。烟气冷却器出现低温烟气腐蚀主要有3个原因:1)烟气中SO3冷凝至管外壁,这与烟气酸露点有关;2)烟气中水冷凝至管外壁,SO2溶解于水产生腐蚀,这与烟气的水露点有关;3)硫酸氢铵沉积。
烟气冷却器泄漏的治理关键在于优化流场。受尾部烟道空间的限制,多数现役燃煤机组在烟气余热利用系统改造时只能在原有烟道内加装烟气冷却器,而原有烟道直管段长度达不到规范要求,烟气冷却器入口流场异常混乱。虽然改造时一般都会开展流场优化工作,但多数情况下优化流场并未得到足够重视,效果不佳。烟气冷却器的优化流场必须基于准确边界条件的数值模拟(图8)。
数值模拟的几何模型入口应选在空气预热器出口,出口应选在烟气冷却器出口。计算时应以不同典型工况下的实测参数作为边界条件,以提高计算的准确及可靠性。设置导流板时应从空气预热器出口开始,沿烟气流程方向逐步校正不均匀流场。优化后的流场应实现各烟道间不存在明显的烟气流量偏差和烟尘量偏差,同一烟道内流线均匀,不存在局部涡流。对于烟气流场复杂的情况,应对流场设计进行物理模型验证。按照《电站锅炉烟气余热利用系统技术规范》(DL/T 2499—2022)[14]要求,应确保烟气冷却器入口烟气量偏差小于10%,烟气流速Cv值小于15%。
除流场优化外,还可采取以下措施缓解泄漏问题:
1)改造原烟道,保证烟气冷却器上、下游有足够的直段;
2)检修期间检查烟气冷却器的实际磨损情况,并针对性调整导流板,如某电厂对烟气冷却器入口导流板和受热面本体磨损情况坚持逢停必检,对导流板的松动、脱落、磨损等问题及时消缺、更换,实际效果良好;
3)运行方面应解决锅炉偏烧引起的两侧烟道飞灰浓度、烟气流速偏差问题,避免局部磨损;
4)对于蒸汽吹灰器造成的吹损泄漏,应加强蒸汽吹灰器的运行维护工作,吹扫前应充分疏水,吹扫期间安排人员现场巡检,及时发现吹灰器卡涩问题;
5)烟气冷却器入口加装2~3排带翅片的假管并设置防磨护瓦,或将迎风管排加厚、更换为耐磨材质;
6)注意冬季停炉排水工作,避免存水结冰造成管子胀裂;
7)低温省煤器弯头与支撑隔板采用密封材料,如应用耐高温的硅酮密封剂,采取有效措施防止烟气漏入弯头处;
8)优化设备的小模块设计,泄漏时便于隔离;
9)控制烟气冷却器进口水温高于72 ℃,避免受热面发生严重低温腐蚀[15]
10)为烟气冷却器内部喷涂耐腐蚀的防腐涂层,增强设备的耐腐蚀能力;
11)在烟气冷却器上安装智能传感器,实时监测温度、压力和烟气成分,通过数据分析,提前识别出可能导致泄漏的异常情况,及时采取措施。
本体积灰治理的原则是改善灰的黏性、控制管壁温防止低温凝结、缓解硫酸氢铵沉积、避免采用易积灰结构、选择合适的吹灰方式及优化流场。
对于干积灰,可采取以下措施防范本体积灰:
1)烟气冷却器应避免采用螺旋翅片结构,优先采用防堵性能更好的H型翅片结构,并在设计时优化管节距和翅片尺寸等参数;
2)优化流场,避免出现烟速偏差或局部涡流造成的飞灰沉积,当烟气流速在8 m/s以上时,受热面不易发生干松灰的沉积。因此,设计时适当选择较高的管间烟气流速,避免或减少干松灰在受热面的沉积;
3)采用效果更好的吹灰器,并优化吹灰参数和频次。
对于湿黏灰,可采取以下措施防范本体积灰:
1)燃用高硫煤时可适当提高烟气冷却器出口烟温以减少SO3冷凝析出;
2)通过燃烧优化,降低SCR入口NOx浓度,并通过喷氨优化减少氨逃逸,避免硫酸氢铵大量生成;
3)避免采用水介质吹灰器,特别是冬季及机组低负荷时,同时可考虑增加大功率声波吹灰器;
4)保证烟气冷却器运行时的进口水温达到设计温度,或者不低于72 ℃,特别是机组启、停或低负荷阶段。
烟道底部积灰治理的原则是改进烟道结构及优化流场。
烟道结构优化措施有:
1)烟气冷却器宜优先布置在烟气自上而下流动的垂直烟道上,应避免布置在烟道弯头处。当采用水平布置方式时,应在底部预留100~150 mm的连续疏灰通道或加装连续除灰系统(图9)。对于竖直布置的烟气冷却器,应在烟气冷却器底部烟道弯头处加装除灰系统。对于底部设置连续疏灰通道的烟气冷却器,与疏灰通道相邻的第一排管应为假管,假管上方的两排换热管壁厚应不小于6 mm,且加装防磨瓦,烟道底板应采取有效的防磨措施。
2)优化烟气冷却器扩口结构,扩口角度应小于30°,不宜超过45°。
优化烟道流场措施有:
1)合理选择烟气流速,在保证磨损可控前提下尽可能提高烟速;
2)优化流场,保证烟气冷却器烟道流场均匀且无死区,检修期间做好导流板的检修维护工作,如有损坏及时修复;
3)治理本体泄漏问题,避免底部烟道积灰板结。
低温烟气腐蚀治理的关键在于维持足够高的管外壁温度,以及减小硫酸氢铵沉积。可采取以下措施进行防范:
1)为避免管外壁水分冷凝,烟气冷却器进口水温一般不低于72 ℃,在冬季运行时还应适当提高进口水温。但因机组低负荷运行或运行人员疏于调节,部分机组烟气冷却器进口水温长期达不到设计值,进而引起严重的低温烟气腐蚀。因此,运行中应加强烟气冷却器管壁温的监视和调整,及时调整运行参数,在任何工况下都应避免进口水温长时间低于设计值。可在进水管道增加蒸汽加热器提高低负荷入口水温。
2)机组启动初期,烟气温度偏低,可考虑推迟投用烟气冷却器,当负荷较高投用时,上水应注意系统排汽。
3)如SCR系统氨逃逸高,应及时开展燃烧调整和SCR喷氨优化工作,缓解SCR喷氨过量,减少烟气冷却器的硫酸氢铵沉积。
4)可考虑在烟气冷却器低温区加装管外壁温度测点,监测运行期间管外壁温度。
5)根据炉内喷涂防腐经验,在烟气冷却器制造过程中采用优良防腐喷涂料及先进喷涂工艺进行喷涂处理。
6)目前烟气冷却器冷端一般采用ND钢,可考虑对材质进行升级,特别是对于硫分含量较高的机组。某电厂烟气冷却器采用了部分316L材质,效果较好[16]
烟气余热利用系统是燃煤机组实现节能减排的重要系统,烟气冷却器是整个系统的核心设备。针对烟气冷却器普遍存在泄漏、本体积灰、烟道底部积灰及低温烟气腐蚀4类典型故障,通过优化设计、合理选型、调整运行方式和加强检修维护等措施可以有效提高烟气冷却器可靠性,实现机组长周期安全稳定运行。
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFF0600601)
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2025年第54卷第7期
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202411238
  • 接收时间:2024-11-26
  • 首发时间:2026-03-06
  • 出版时间:2025-07-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-26
基金
National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFF0600601)
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFF0600601)
作者信息
    1.西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,陕西 西安 710049
    2.中国能源建设集团陕西省电力设计院有限公司,陕西 西安 710054
    3.华能长江环保科技有限公司,北京 102209
    4.西安交通大学外语学院,陕西 西安 710049

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车得福(1962),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为多相流动与传热、化石燃料清洁燃烧等技术,
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