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In order to evaluate the vibration safety of the central full partition wall of the world’s first lignite-fired 700 MW high-efficiency ultra-supercritical CFB boiler, a three-dimensional non-constant hydrodynamic model of the boiler is constructed, and the distribution of the gas-solid flow field within the furnace chamber is simulated. Furthermore, the pressure distribution and its fluctuation law of the gas-solid flow acting on the surface of the central full diaphragm wall within the furnace are solved. The vibration signals of the furnace wall of a supercritical 350 MW CFB boiler with a similar furnace structure are measured and analyzed spectrally to assess the frequency of pressure fluctuations in the furnace. The dynamic stress on the central diaphragm wall under fluctuating pressure in the furnace is calculated using the pressure fluctuations in the furnace obtained from simulation calculations and experimental tests as the excitation. The results demonstrate that the dynamic stress level of the central full diaphragm wall is below the permissible stress of the material, indicating that the central full diaphragm wall is safe.

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为评估世界首台燃褐煤700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉中部全隔墙的振动安全性,建立了锅炉三维非定常流体动力学模型,模拟了炉膛内的气固流场分布,求解了炉内气固流动作用于中部全隔墙表面的压力分布及其波动规律。同时,实测了炉型结构相似的某超临界350 MW CFB锅炉炉墙的振动信号,并进行了频谱分析,以评估炉内压力波动频率。最后,以模拟计算和试验测试获取的炉内压力波动作为激励,计算了中部全隔墙在炉内波动压力作用下的动应力。结果表明,中部全隔墙的动应力水平低于材料的强度极限,中部全隔墙安全。

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鲁佳易(1984),男,博士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向为清洁燃烧技术研发与工程应用,
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吕卓(1991),男,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为清洁燃烧技术研发与工程应用,

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吕卓(1991),男,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为清洁燃烧技术研发与工程应用,

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Numerical study of gas-solids flow characteristics in a 1000 MW supercritical CFB boiler octagonal furnace[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(10): 2480-2486., articleTitle=Numerical study of gas-solids flow characteristics in a 1000 MW supercritical CFB boiler octagonal furnace, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1236611801899659880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236611789069284329, awardId=202403AA080020, language=EN, fundingSource=Science and Technology Program of Yunnan Province(202403AA080020), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1236611801991934569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236611789069284329, awardId=202403AA080020, language=CN, fundingSource=云南省科技计划项目(202403AA080020), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236611793750126864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236611789069284329, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236611793754321169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236611789069284329, 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Parameters related to numerical simulation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目数值
气、固相间动量传递EMMS曳力模型[23]
气相湍流模型RNG k-ε模型
固相湍流模型Per Phase k-ε多相湍流模型[24-25]
颗粒碰撞恢复系数0.95
壁面气相边界条件无滑移
壁面固相边界条件部分滑移
镜面反射系数0.01
流体压力-速度耦合求解方法Simple算法
控制方程离散方法控制容积法
控制容积界面物理量获得方式一阶迎风差分格式
计算时间步长/s0.001
单步长最大迭代次数/次20
单步长收敛残差103
), ArticleFig(id=1236611801736082018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236611789069284329, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

数值模拟相关参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目数值
气、固相间动量传递EMMS曳力模型[23]
气相湍流模型RNG k-ε模型
固相湍流模型Per Phase k-ε多相湍流模型[24-25]
颗粒碰撞恢复系数0.95
壁面气相边界条件无滑移
壁面固相边界条件部分滑移
镜面反射系数0.01
流体压力-速度耦合求解方法Simple算法
控制方程离散方法控制容积法
控制容积界面物理量获得方式一阶迎风差分格式
计算时间步长/s0.001
单步长最大迭代次数/次20
单步长收敛残差103
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700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉中部全隔墙振动安全性评估
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吕卓 1, 2 , 鲁佳易 1, 2 , 邓启刚 1, 2 , 周旭 1, 2 , 邱彬彬 1, 2 , 董晨昊 3 , 蹇开林 3 , 程乐鸣 4
热力发电 | “超超临界循环流化床发电技术”专题 2025,54(7): 54-62
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热力发电 | “超超临界循环流化床发电技术”专题 2025, 54(7): 54-62
700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉中部全隔墙振动安全性评估
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吕卓1, 2 , 鲁佳易1, 2 , 邓启刚1, 2, 周旭1, 2, 邱彬彬1, 2, 董晨昊3, 蹇开林3, 程乐鸣4
作者信息
  • 1.清洁燃烧与烟气净化四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 611731
  • 2.东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司,四川 自贡 643001
  • 3.重庆大学航空航天学院,重庆 400044
  • 4.浙江大学能源工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027
  • 吕卓(1991),男,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为清洁燃烧技术研发与工程应用,

通讯作者:

鲁佳易(1984),男,博士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向为清洁燃烧技术研发与工程应用,
Vibration safety assessment for central full partition wall in a 700 MW high-efficiency ultra-supercritical CFB boiler
Zhuo LYU1, 2 , Jiayi LU1, 2 , Qigang DENG1, 2, Xu ZHOU1, 2, Binbin QIU1, 2, Chenhao DONG3, Kailin JIAN3, Leming CHENG4
Affiliations
  • 1.Clean Combustion and Flue Gas Purification Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611731, China
  • 2.Dongfang Boiler Co., Ltd., Zigong 643001, China
  • 3.College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
  • 4.College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
出版时间: 2025-07-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202410262
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为评估世界首台燃褐煤700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉中部全隔墙的振动安全性,建立了锅炉三维非定常流体动力学模型,模拟了炉膛内的气固流场分布,求解了炉内气固流动作用于中部全隔墙表面的压力分布及其波动规律。同时,实测了炉型结构相似的某超临界350 MW CFB锅炉炉墙的振动信号,并进行了频谱分析,以评估炉内压力波动频率。最后,以模拟计算和试验测试获取的炉内压力波动作为激励,计算了中部全隔墙在炉内波动压力作用下的动应力。结果表明,中部全隔墙的动应力水平低于材料的强度极限,中部全隔墙安全。

超超临界  /  CFB锅炉  /  全隔墙  /  振动安全

In order to evaluate the vibration safety of the central full partition wall of the world’s first lignite-fired 700 MW high-efficiency ultra-supercritical CFB boiler, a three-dimensional non-constant hydrodynamic model of the boiler is constructed, and the distribution of the gas-solid flow field within the furnace chamber is simulated. Furthermore, the pressure distribution and its fluctuation law of the gas-solid flow acting on the surface of the central full diaphragm wall within the furnace are solved. The vibration signals of the furnace wall of a supercritical 350 MW CFB boiler with a similar furnace structure are measured and analyzed spectrally to assess the frequency of pressure fluctuations in the furnace. The dynamic stress on the central diaphragm wall under fluctuating pressure in the furnace is calculated using the pressure fluctuations in the furnace obtained from simulation calculations and experimental tests as the excitation. The results demonstrate that the dynamic stress level of the central full diaphragm wall is below the permissible stress of the material, indicating that the central full diaphragm wall is safe.

ultra-supercritical  /  CFB boiler  /  full partition wall  /  vibration safety
吕卓, 鲁佳易, 邓启刚, 周旭, 邱彬彬, 董晨昊, 蹇开林, 程乐鸣. 700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉中部全隔墙振动安全性评估. 热力发电, 2025 , 54 (7) : 54 -62 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202410262
Zhuo LYU, Jiayi LU, Qigang DENG, Xu ZHOU, Binbin QIU, Chenhao DONG, Kailin JIAN, Leming CHENG. Vibration safety assessment for central full partition wall in a 700 MW high-efficiency ultra-supercritical CFB boiler[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2025 , 54 (7) : 54 -62 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202410262
近年来,循环流化床(circulating fluidized bed,CFB)锅炉技术因燃料适应性广、燃烧效率高、污染物排放低等优势迅速发展,东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司(简称东方锅炉)研制的世界首台600 MW超临界CFB锅炉于2013年投运,350 MW超临界CFB锅炉于2015年后批量投产,世界最大容量660 MW超临界CFB锅炉也于2020年投运,标志着我国大型CFB锅炉技术与装备已处于世界领先水平[1-4]
在“双碳”目标背景下,开发高参数、大容量高效超超临界CFB锅炉技术是新一代CFB燃烧技术的主要发展方向之一[5-6]。为助力我国加快构建清洁高效、灵活可靠的新型电力系统[7-8],东方锅炉目前正在开展世界首台燃褐煤700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉的研制。
随着CFB锅炉参数与容量的提高,蒸发受热面仅依靠炉膛四周水冷壁已不能完全满足工质吸热的要求[9],为满足700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉水冷壁蒸发吸热需求并保证水动力安全,东方锅炉借鉴小容量机组拓展水冷壁的设计经验,提出了一种炉内带全隔墙的CFB锅炉专利技术[1,10]。700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉中部全隔墙长约55 m,宽约11 m,是典型的柔性管板结构,在锅炉运行时可能出现振动过大现象。因此,有必要对中部全隔墙的振动安全性进行研究,规避可能存在的风险。
锅炉运行时,炉内的压力波动是引发中部全隔墙振动的外因,主要由两方面因素导致:一是流体动力学原因,二是燃烧动力学原因[11-13]。流体动力学引起的压力波动可通过建立整个锅炉的流体动力学模型并通过数值计算获得,而燃烧动力学引起的压力波动难以通过计算获得,主要通过测试炉墙的振动信号来获得炉内压力波动的主要频率成分。文献[14]介绍了对国产300 t/h锅炉燃烧噪声和炉内气压波动的测试情况,结果表明,燃烧噪声的大小和炉墙振动的大小都随负荷增加而增加,表明燃烧动力学是引起炉墙结构振动的主要原因之一。已有关于锅炉的振动研究主要集中在对煤粉炉炉墙振动的研究:文献[15]通过对我国电站锅炉炉墙振动事例的分析,认为炉墙振动主要由流体动力学、燃烧动力学、炉膛压力波动频率与声学固有频率共振、炉墙刚性不足等原因引起,对解决和改善不同原因造成的锅炉炉墙振动提出了建议和对策;文献[16]介绍了几种锅炉炉墙振动的原理和现象,认为炉墙振动主要由流体动力学、热声振动、燃烧动力学以及炉墙刚度不够4种原因导致,并从锅炉设计方面针对不同振动情况提出了建议措施;文献[17]总结了国内某600 MW亚临界锅炉炉墙振动原因分析及治理措施,为其他火电机组锅炉炉墙振动治理提供了参考;文献[18-22]也对不同锅炉的炉内压力波动和炉墙的振动进行了研究。但是,关于CFB锅炉中部全隔墙的振动研究未见报道。
对此,本文首先建立了700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉的流体动力学模型,通过数值模拟获取中部全隔墙表面的压力分布及其波动规律;然后通过测试某350 MW超临界CFB锅炉运行时炉墙的振动信号获取燃烧振荡等其他因素导致的炉内压力波动频率;再以模拟计算和试验测试获取的炉内压力波动作为激励,对中部全隔墙进行动应力计算,依据中部全隔墙动应力的计算结果对中部全隔墙的振动安全性进行评估。
700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉为单炉膛、单布风板结构,如图1所示。
在满足炉膛深度方向上二次风穿透性的前提下,炉膛宽度从常规350 MW等级超临界CFB锅炉的30 m增加至40 m以上,中部全隔墙布置于炉膛中心线,将炉膛近似隔离为2个独立的350 MW超临界CFB锅炉炉膛。为保持中部全隔墙两侧物料的流通与压力的平衡,炉膛上部的中部全隔墙与前、后墙水冷壁之间留有一定的间距,炉膛下部设计有灰平衡孔。
考虑研究重点为炉膛的气固流场模拟,仅对炉膛本体按1:1比例进行建模计算,外循环回路采用自定义函数(user defined function,UDF)统计炉膛出口的固相质量流率,数值平均后再由返料口返送回炉膛,使炉膛出口与返料进口的固相流率相等,实现锅炉外循环回路的物料平衡。
几何模型建立后,采用前处理软件对模型进行网格划分,为保证计算精度并避免计算量过大,炉膛的网格数量约为180万,最大网格尺寸为0.4 m,最小网格尺寸为0.1 m。网格划分示意如图2所示,炉膛锥段以上采用六面体结构网格,锥段部分采用非结构化网格,并对给煤口、返料口、二次风口及近壁面进行网格加密处理,所有网格质量均大于0.35,网格质量良好。
数值模拟计算边界条件根据700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉BMCR(最大连续出力)工况设定,在冷态数值模拟条件下,为保证气固流场与热态一致,按设计温度对一、二次风速进行修正。计算相关参数设置见表1
为获取中部全隔墙两侧的压力分布与波动规律,在中部全隔墙两侧布置了对称的监测点,如图3所示。监测点距离隔墙0.3 m,取32对共8层监测点,由左至右、由下至上顺延编号为测点1、测点2、测点3、……、测点32,高度分别为0.5、2.5、4.5、6.5、12.0、20.0、28.0、38.0 m。监测点检测中部全隔墙两侧的压力,提取15 s稳定后的压力数据。
试验项目选择东方锅炉研制的某350 MW超临界CFB锅炉,炉型结构如图4所示,为单炉膛、单布风板结构,炉膛整体结构可比拟700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉以中部全隔墙为界的半侧炉膛,试验测试数据参考性较高。
炉内压力波动会导致炉墙振动,根据线性结构动力学理论,炉墙振动频率与炉内压力波动频率一致[22]。据此,采用测试炉墙振动的方法来获取炉膛内的压力波动频率,在炉墙的金属外表面安装加速度传感器测试炉墙的振动信号,然后对炉墙振动的加速度信号进行频谱分析,获取炉内压力波动的主要频率成分。
为掌握炉膛密相区、炉膛中部和上部不同区域的炉内压力波动频率,结合现场情况,选取具备代表性的3个标高层进行试验测试。测点布置与测试系统如图5所示。
分别在距布风板2.5、20.0、38.0 m的左侧墙与后墙进行测试,主要测试装置包含高温加速度传感器、高温加速度传感器电荷放大器、采集存储设备。采集存储设备为东华测试DH8302动态应变仪,采样频率100 000 Hz。为避免传感器与锅炉导体直接接触,采用耐热隔热垫增加抗干扰性,电荷放大器通过导线接地,消除电磁信号干扰。
中部全隔墙为垂直上升膜式管屏,管直径31.8 mm,管壁厚6.5 mm,节距80.0 mm,由6.0 mm厚的扁钢进行连接。为掌握中部全隔墙因炉内气固两相流动导致的动应力情况,采用有限元分析软件,选取整个中部全隔墙进行建模分析。经水动力计算验证,中部全隔墙管内工质流动均匀,故暂不考虑管内工质流动的影响。中部全隔墙板梁模型与约束示意如图6所示。建立中部全隔墙的有限元计算模型时,将水冷壁管简化为梁单元,扁钢作为板单元,从而采用板梁组合模型来近似代表中部全隔墙。为方便网格划分,模型对隔墙镂空部分进行了简化,建立为长方形镂空,定义密度为7.85×10–9 t/mm3,弹性模量为173 000 MPa,泊松比为0.3。
具体约束为:顶端采用固定连接,限制位移与转动,即U1=U2=U3=UR1=UR2=UR3=0,下方布风板和两侧为只限制位移的约束,即U1=U2=U3=0。
BMCR工况下炉膛前、后墙固相浓度分布如图7所示。由图7可以看出,炉膛内固相浓度随炉膛高度的增加而逐渐减小,其中炉膛壁面与锥段处的固相浓度较高。
对炉膛不同高度截面固相体积分数取平均值,得到炉膛截面平均固相体积分数沿炉膛高度的变化曲线如图8所示。
图8可见:炉膛气固浓度沿炉膛高度呈现较明显的密相区与稀相区的区分,密相区的平均固相体积分数约为0.25,折合气固浓度约为600 kg/m3;随炉膛高度增加,固相体积分数逐渐降低。在稀相区,固相体积分数相对变化不大,30 m高度处稀相区固相体积分数约为0.002,折合气固浓度为5 kg/m3。随着高度的继续增加,由于屏式受热面吸热烟气温度降低导致烟气速度降低,以及屏式受热面密集布置对颗粒上升产生的阻力影响,炉顶40 m高度处的气固浓度约为2.4 kg/m3。沿炉膛高度的气固浓度数值分布在合理范围内,说明计算模型合理。
中部全隔墙不同区域监测点位置的压力差值时程曲线如图9所示。
图9可以看出,密相区底部气固混合强烈,压力波动较大,同层的中部测点2—测点5区域最大压差约3 000 Pa,角部测点1和测点6位置受前、后墙贴壁流等因素影响,最大压力差值超4 000 Pa。随着监测点高度的增加,压力波动逐渐降低,密相区中部测点压力差值整体在200 Pa小范围内波动,偶尔有约500 Pa的较大波动。炉膛稀相区气固浓度较低,压力波动较小,波动幅度在100 Pa以内。
为进行压力差值幅频特性分析,采用快速傅里叶变换方法将压力差值时程曲线转化为频域-幅值的变化曲线,以分析主频区域段及其幅值范围。图10给出了部分监测点的幅频分布,可以看出,流体流动作用于中部全隔墙上的压力主要为低频激励,测点9主频在0.133 Hz,测点27和测点31主频均在0.067 Hz,主频集中在低频段,大于1 Hz的频段不占主导。中部全隔墙各监测点主频值汇总如图11所示。从图11可以看出,所有监测点的主频均小于0.5 Hz,绝大部分测点的主频集中在0.067 Hz与0.133 Hz,表明流体流动对隔墙的激励为低频激励。
对采集到的时域信号作快速傅里叶变换,得到频域-幅值曲线,从而获得炉内压力波动的主频成分。图12为1号测点(距布风板2.5 m左侧墙)的频域-幅值曲线,其较高波峰位置分别在8.79、9.81、17.76 Hz。通过分析所有测点数据,得到炉内压力波动的主频范围如图13所示,可以看出:炉膛内压力波动存在多种频率成分,主要在4~15 Hz,且在不同运行时段有一定的变化;总体上,低频幅值大于高频幅值,试验测试的炉膛压力波动的最低频率在4~5 Hz;与流体动力学计算的压力波动频率相比,其他因素引起的压力波动频率远远高于流体流动作用于中部全隔墙上的主频。
采用有限元分析软件建立板梁模型,在板全部面上施加流体动力学计算的压力差值时程的最大值,静力载荷结果如图14所示。计算结果表明,最大应力位于约束与板转折处,板转折(水冷折角)约束处最大应力为66.74 MPa,布风板约束处最大应力37.64 MPa,其余区域的应力水平均在20 MPa以内。
计算得到前五阶固有频率分别为0.099 008 8、0.192 210 0、0.243 790 0、0.356 950 0、0.423 190 0 Hz。从计算结果可以看出:一阶模态时,上部板发生弯曲变形,如图15a)所示;二阶模态时,板上端发生扭转变形,如图15b)所示;三阶模态时,中部全隔墙出现2次弯的现象;四阶模态时,隔墙上端出现弯扭组合现象;五阶模态时,隔墙整体呈现弯扭组合的状态。
中部全隔墙的一阶固有频率为0.099 008 8 Hz,按产生共振的工程判定准则“激励频率小于系统固有频率的0.75倍或激励频率大于系统固有频率的1.25倍”,中部全隔墙会发生共振的频率范围为0.074 256 6~0.123 761 0 Hz,而流体流动作用于中部全隔墙上的低频激励主要为0.067 Hz和0.133 Hz,不在中部全隔墙共振频率范围内,表明中部全隔墙不会产生低阶共振。从测试结果看,由燃烧不稳定、进风量变化等不确定因素引起的炉膛压力波动的最低频率在4~5 Hz,远远大于中隔墙的一阶固有频率,不会导致中部全隔墙产生共振。
在中部全隔墙面上施加流体动力学计算的压差,使用有限元分析软件模态动力学分析模块进行计算,为排除应力集中造成的影响,选择隔墙中部与布风板中部约束的板单元与梁单元的应力水平进行观察。可以发现,隔墙中部板单元最大应力为60.00 MPa,梁单元最大应力为7.12 MPa。隔墙在布风板中部约束处的板单元最大应力为22.33 MPa,梁单元最大应力为13.00 MPa。在同样条件下,于分析中加入0.05的阻尼比以模拟实际结构存在的阻尼,减少自由振动导致的应力。振动达到稳态后,隔墙中部板单元最大应力为53.42 MPa,梁单元最大应力为2.50 MPa,隔墙在布风板中部约束处的板单元最大应力为19.25 MPa,梁单元最大应力为9.20 MPa,可以看到加入阻尼之后的整体应力水平较低,隔墙处于较为安全的位置。
对计算所得最大位移点应力进行观察分析,可以发现:最大位移点为隔墙中部,在无阻尼条件下,应力达到强度极限的6.9%;加入0.05的阻尼比后,应力达到强度极限的4.6%,远低于材料强度极限388 MPa。综合中部全隔墙整体应力水平,可以判定该载荷下中部全隔墙处于安全状态。
通过对700 MW高效超超临界CFB锅炉炉内流场的数值模拟计算及相似炉型炉内压力波动的试验测试,获取了中部全隔墙不同区域的压力分布及波动规律,并对中部全隔墙在炉内波动压力作用下的动应力进行计算,得到以下结论。
1)中部全隔墙的一阶固有频率在0.099 008 8 Hz,会发生共振的频率范围为0.074 256 6~0.123 761 0 Hz,由流体动力学失稳引起的炉膛内压力波动作用于中部全隔墙上的低频激励主要为0.067 Hz和0.133 Hz,由燃烧不稳定、进风量变化等不确定因素引起的炉膛压力波动的最低频率在4~5 Hz,均不在中部全隔墙共振频率范围内。因此,流体动力学失稳、燃烧不稳定、进风量变化等不确定因素产生的压力波动不会导致中部全隔墙产生共振。
2)中部全隔墙在炉内波动压力作用下产生的最大应力不超过66.74 MPa,远低于中部全隔墙所用材料的强度极限,表明中部全隔墙是安全的,设计方案可行。
  • 云南省科技计划项目(202403AA080020)
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2025年第54卷第7期
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202410262
  • 首发时间:2026-03-06
  • 出版时间:2025-07-25
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  • 修回日期:2024-12-12
基金
Science and Technology Program of Yunnan Province(202403AA080020)
云南省科技计划项目(202403AA080020)
作者信息
    1.清洁燃烧与烟气净化四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 611731
    2.东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司,四川 自贡 643001
    3.重庆大学航空航天学院,重庆 400044
    4.浙江大学能源工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027

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鲁佳易(1984),男,博士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向为清洁燃烧技术研发与工程应用,
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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