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A simulation study on a 300 MW tangentially-fired boiler with 20% ammonia doping at 60% load was carried out to analyze the combustion process of ammonia doping in pulverized coal boiler, and to seek for the best coal-ammonia co-combustion scheme to ensure the optimal combustion efficiency and the lowest pollutant emission. By adjusting the position of ammonia burners and the ratio of the separated over fire air, the temperature field of the flue gas in the furnace, the molar fraction distribution of the combustion components, as well as the combustion characteristics and the NOx emission level at the furnace outlet were systematically analyzed using numerical simulation. The comprehensive analysis shows that, the best coal-ammonia co-combustion solution is to place the ammonia burner on top layer (tertiary air) and the CD layer (secondary air) when the ratio of the separated over fire air is 33.5%. This scheme ensures the combustion efficiency and stability while controlling the NOx emission level comparable to that of the pure coal-fired condition, which provides a new way of thinking for large-scale coal-fired power plants to realize clean and efficient combustion.
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对某300 MW四角切圆锅炉60%负荷工况掺烧20%氨气进行模拟研究,分析煤粉锅炉掺氨燃烧过程,寻求最佳的煤氨共燃方案以保证最优燃烧效率以及最低的污染物排放。采用数值模拟方法,通过调整氨气燃烧器的位置和燃尽风比例,系统分析了炉内烟气温度场、燃烧组分摩尔分数分布、燃烧特性以及炉膛出口NOx排放水平。综合分析表明,在燃尽风比例为33.5%时,将氨气燃烧器布置在顶层三次风与CD层二次风的位置为最佳煤氨共燃方案。该方案在保证燃烧效率与稳定性的同时,可将NOx排放水平控制在与纯燃煤工况相当的NOx排放水平,这为大型燃煤电厂实现清洁高效燃烧提供了新的思路。
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白晨曦(1996)女,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为锅炉燃烧数值仿真,baichx@shanghai-electric.com。
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Journal of the Energy Institute,
2024,
114: 101609., articleTitle=Experimental study and kinetic analysis of NO emission characteristics inammonia/coal co-firing process with different ammonia iniection methods, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1236372371716756048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, awardId=2023YFB4005700, language=EN, fundingSource=National Key Research and Development Program(2023YFB4005700), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1236372371809030740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, awardId=2023YFB4005700, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB4005700), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236372364682907857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236372364695490771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, companyId=1236372364682907857, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Shanghai Boiler Works Co, Ltd, Shanghai 200245, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236372364699685077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, companyId=1236372364682907857, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=上海锅炉厂有限公司,上海 200245)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1236372367539229060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
The boiler structure and burner arrangement for coal-fired condition, figureFileSmall=+cFgcBElBew/uSW+M2uUSw==, figureFileBig=0nwxoCxCapI+67otqt9ndg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372367623115145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
锅炉结构及燃煤工况燃烧器布置, figureFileSmall=+cFgcBElBew/uSW+M2uUSw==, figureFileBig=0nwxoCxCapI+67otqt9ndg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372367807664532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Mesh generation for the boiler, figureFileSmall=eBKuTzXnvIXZFcWTjo9kZA==, figureFileBig=SyB4Z3GBtlLP4/mAwfkU/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372367929299351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
锅炉网格, figureFileSmall=eBKuTzXnvIXZFcWTjo9kZA==, figureFileBig=SyB4Z3GBtlLP4/mAwfkU/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368063517083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Grid independence verification results, figureFileSmall=L70M2bzAvnrFVwNYs1Rbzg==, figureFileBig=23NWsC/lAhOpvUAYYpGtLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368159986078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
网格无关性验证结果, figureFileSmall=L70M2bzAvnrFVwNYs1Rbzg==, figureFileBig=23NWsC/lAhOpvUAYYpGtLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368277426593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
The burner arrangement for different ammonia-coal cofiring schemes, figureFileSmall=p3knwgxkzoeh0h/wfq7TLw==, figureFileBig=qCtypYcx2Gp5HzszCfkAtg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368390672806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
不同煤氨共燃方案下燃烧器布置, figureFileSmall=p3knwgxkzoeh0h/wfq7TLw==, figureFileBig=qCtypYcx2Gp5HzszCfkAtg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368474558890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Distributions of temperature with different ammonia burner locations, figureFileSmall=istub3Y2AQLgb+knlfi4CQ==, figureFileBig=G04tpvGKm6NPNlmTVELaew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368608776622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
不同氨气燃烧器位置下的温度分布云图, figureFileSmall=istub3Y2AQLgb+knlfi4CQ==, figureFileBig=G04tpvGKm6NPNlmTVELaew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368713634230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Distributions of the average temperature on crosssection along the furnace height with different ammonia burner locations and the local enlarged diagram of ammonia-doped layer, figureFileSmall=CyjTG9ebkcjv0SfvuaAZYA==, figureFileBig=SkN4ukl8HsjLYhs+aFHTbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368835269050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
不同氨气燃烧器位置下沿炉膛高度方向的截面平均温度分布及掺氨层的局部放大图, figureFileSmall=CyjTG9ebkcjv0SfvuaAZYA==, figureFileBig=SkN4ukl8HsjLYhs+aFHTbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368952709566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Distributions of O2 mole fraction with different ammonia burner locations, figureFileSmall=cDEe4FvrsaE/Tsot+pD1ig==, figureFileBig=AMNJ8qFWbolmC4ayymWLIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369065955782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
不同氨气燃烧器位置下的氧气分布云图, figureFileSmall=cDEe4FvrsaE/Tsot+pD1ig==, figureFileBig=AMNJ8qFWbolmC4ayymWLIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369204367818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Distributions of O2 mole fraction on crosssection along the furnace height with different ammonia burner locations and the local enlarged diagram of ammonia-doped layer, figureFileSmall=LedRzyH/0s8KKdSU8p9rSQ==, figureFileBig=Um47QsylEJdnzfQnW91M3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369346974158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
不同氨气燃烧器位置下沿炉膛高度方向的氧气分布及掺氨层的局部放大图, figureFileSmall=LedRzyH/0s8KKdSU8p9rSQ==, figureFileBig=Um47QsylEJdnzfQnW91M3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369464414677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Distributions of CO mole fraction on crosssection along the furnace height with different ammonia burner locations and the local enlarged diagram of ammonia-doped layer, figureFileSmall=E/V5/l0Z5VRgssJH9RF3wg==, figureFileBig=zCYPkMMxJ2Ptt8BUD6z8mw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369565077981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
不同氨气燃烧器位置下沿炉膛高度方向的CO分布及掺氨层的局部放大图, figureFileSmall=E/V5/l0Z5VRgssJH9RF3wg==, figureFileBig=zCYPkMMxJ2Ptt8BUD6z8mw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369657352670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
The NOx mole fractions at furnace outlet with different ammonia burner locations, figureFileSmall=tP9KMTl0miTO7xuEm7B+Fg==, figureFileBig=yXF9t8YzkjK6JZ3o/AV9Dw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369778987493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
不同氨气燃烧器位置下炉膛出口NOx摩尔分数, figureFileSmall=tP9KMTl0miTO7xuEm7B+Fg==, figureFileBig=yXF9t8YzkjK6JZ3o/AV9Dw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369934176747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
Temperature distribution in the furnace with different OFA rates, figureFileSmall=b17ObJKJNeXB5bjHSrKSQg==, figureFileBig=It8fjlEjwW5rhfzy7rcQKA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370072588786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
不同燃尽风比例下的温度分布云图, figureFileSmall=b17ObJKJNeXB5bjHSrKSQg==, figureFileBig=It8fjlEjwW5rhfzy7rcQKA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370185834998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
Distribution of average temperature in crosssection along the furnace height with different OFA rates, figureFileSmall=DbKNDpG6z6EADD9ZN7OGaA==, figureFileBig=oeM35OaqTLYsL52WuswhZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370261332477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
不同燃尽风下沿炉膛高度方向的截面平均温度, figureFileSmall=DbKNDpG6z6EADD9ZN7OGaA==, figureFileBig=oeM35OaqTLYsL52WuswhZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370366190084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=
Distributions of O2 mole fraction in the furnace with different OFA rates, figureFileSmall=dBx/zyA5RNs3cScIT4obYg==, figureFileBig=aLY3rIxNTUN/rblgh/bJ2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370500407823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
不同燃尽风比例下的O2分布云图, figureFileSmall=dBx/zyA5RNs3cScIT4obYg==, figureFileBig=aLY3rIxNTUN/rblgh/bJ2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370601071125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=
Distributions of CO mole fraction in the furnace with different OFA rates, figureFileSmall=Q6EvVodesk3YSL+A2I/ngQ==, figureFileBig=splP/5hH4kDZxs6J2lL1gQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370672374300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图14, caption=
不同燃尽风比例下的CO分布云图, figureFileSmall=Q6EvVodesk3YSL+A2I/ngQ==, figureFileBig=splP/5hH4kDZxs6J2lL1gQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370747871774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.15, caption=
Distributions of the O2 and CO mole fractions in the furnace with different OFA rates, figureFileSmall=WBoV0G5hBK1AiZqtX8RmdA==, figureFileBig=3/Ys0OGime8g9EXhgIW55Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370840146468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图15, caption=
不同燃尽风比例下的O2及CO分布, figureFileSmall=WBoV0G5hBK1AiZqtX8RmdA==, figureFileBig=3/Ys0OGime8g9EXhgIW55Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370961781290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Fig.16, caption=
The NOx mole fractions at furnace outlet with different OFA rates, figureFileSmall=Wkcmzcv+VsdRfIA3WhiKmQ==, figureFileBig=ZvM9XY1Vt9LiP89CWBVJ9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372371062444595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=图16, caption=
不同燃尽风比例下炉膛出口NOx摩尔分数, figureFileSmall=Wkcmzcv+VsdRfIA3WhiKmQ==, figureFileBig=ZvM9XY1Vt9LiP89CWBVJ9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372371158913588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Proximate and ultimate analysis of the coal
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 项目 | 设计煤种 |
|---|
| war(C)/% | 47.63 |
| war(H)/% | 3.20 |
| war(O)/% | 10.16 |
| war(N)/% | 0.74 |
| war(S)/% | 0.47 |
| war(M)/% | 11.14 |
| war(A)/% | 26.69 |
| war(V)/% | 23.29 |
| Qnet,ar/(kJ·kg–1) | 19 130 |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372371251188281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
煤质的工业分析和元素分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 项目 | 设计煤种 |
|---|
| war(C)/% | 47.63 |
| war(H)/% | 3.20 |
| war(O)/% | 10.16 |
| war(N)/% | 0.74 |
| war(S)/% | 0.47 |
| war(M)/% | 11.14 |
| war(A)/% | 26.69 |
| war(V)/% | 23.29 |
| Qnet,ar/(kJ·kg–1) | 19 130 |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372371343462974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
The ammonia-coal cofiring schemes
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 方案 | 上层氨气燃烧器位置 | 下层氨气燃烧器位置 | 煤粉投运层 | 燃尽风比例/% |
|---|
| 1 | 上层三次风 | CD二次风 | B层、C层 | 20.0 |
| 2 | 上层三次风 | 下层三次风 | B层、C层 | 20.0 |
| 3 | 上层三次风 | C层一次风 | B层、C层 | 20.0 |
| 4 | 上层三次风 | C层一次风 | B层、D层 | 20.0 |
| 5 | 上层三次风 | CD二次风 | B层、C层 | 25.0 |
| 6 | 上层三次风 | CD二次风 | B层、C层 | 30.0 |
| 7 | 上层三次风 | CD二次风 | B层、C层 | 33.5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372371418960451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
煤氨共燃方案
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 方案 | 上层氨气燃烧器位置 | 下层氨气燃烧器位置 | 煤粉投运层 | 燃尽风比例/% |
|---|
| 1 | 上层三次风 | CD二次风 | B层、C层 | 20.0 |
| 2 | 上层三次风 | 下层三次风 | B层、C层 | 20.0 |
| 3 | 上层三次风 | C层一次风 | B层、C层 | 20.0 |
| 4 | 上层三次风 | C层一次风 | B层、D层 | 20.0 |
| 5 | 上层三次风 | CD二次风 | B层、C层 | 25.0 |
| 6 | 上层三次风 | CD二次风 | B层、C层 | 30.0 |
| 7 | 上层三次风 | CD二次风 | B层、C层 | 33.5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372371490263621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=
The coal-ammonia cocombustion reactions
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 反应式 |
|---|
| R1 | Vol +1.407 56O2 =1.336 68CO +1.990 36H2O + H2O + 0.028 18N2 + 0.0148 7SO2 |
| R2 | CO + 0.5O2 = CO2 |
| R3 | C<s> + 0.5O2 = CO |
| R4 | C<s> + O2 = CO2 |
| R5 | C <s>+ H2O = CO + H2 |
| R6 | C <s>+ CO2 = 2CO |
| R7 | NH3 = 0.5N2 + 1.5H2 |
| R8 | NH3 + O2 = NO + H2O + 0.5H2 |
| R9 | NH3 + NO = N2 + H2O + 0.5H2 |
| R10 | H2 + 0.5O2 = H2O |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372371557372486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359645549379, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
煤粉和氨气燃烧反应式
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 反应式 |
|---|
| R1 | Vol +1.407 56O2 =1.336 68CO +1.990 36H2O + H2O + 0.028 18N2 + 0.0148 7SO2 |
| R2 | CO + 0.5O2 = CO2 |
| R3 | C<s> + 0.5O2 = CO |
| R4 | C<s> + O2 = CO2 |
| R5 | C <s>+ H2O = CO + H2 |
| R6 | C <s>+ CO2 = 2CO |
| R7 | NH3 = 0.5N2 + 1.5H2 |
| R8 | NH3 + O2 = NO + H2O + 0.5H2 |
| R9 | NH3 + NO = N2 + H2O + 0.5H2 |
| R10 | H2 + 0.5O2 = H2O |
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