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Co-firing zero-carbon fuels in coal-fired power plants is one of the important paths to realize low-carbon emissions in power industry, and the common zero-carbon fuels blended at present are biomass, ammonia, and hydrogen, etc. The researches on co-firing zero-carbon fuels in coal-fired circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers are discussed, the technical principles and advantages of the technology are analyzed, and the future technical challenges and development trends of the technology are discussed, by combining the characteristics of biomass, ammonia and hydrogen fuels with the progress of the research on blending, to provide theoretical and technical support for the realization of low-carbon emissions from coal-fired boilers. Based on the fluidized combustion characteristics of CFB boilers, the basic fuel characteristics, combustion characteristics and pollutants emission characteristics of the three zero-carbon fuels after blending, problems and future development directions are analyzed. Although there are certain limitations and technical challenges in the co-firing of all three zero-carbon fuels, the optimization of the combustion process and the control of pollutant emissions can be realized through the organization of the gas-solid flow field, the deep grading of fuel or air, and the coupling of other technologies. Co-firing zero-carbon fuels in coal-fired CFB boilers is a feasible route for carbon emission reduction, which helps to develop a new generation of flexible low-carbon coal-fired power generation technologies in CFB boilers, and provides technical support for the promotion of low-carbon transformation of the energy structure in achieving “dual-carbon” target.
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燃煤电厂掺烧零碳燃料是实现电力行业低碳排放的重要路径之一,目前常见的掺烧零碳燃料有生物质、氨气与氢气等。针对燃煤循环流化床(circulating fluidized bed,CFB)锅炉掺烧零碳燃料的相关研究展开论述,通过分析CFB锅炉掺烧零碳燃料的技术原理和优势,结合生物质、氨、氢燃料特性和掺烧研究进展,探讨CFB锅炉掺烧零碳燃料技术未来的技术挑战和发展趋势,为实现燃煤锅炉低碳排放提供理论和技术支持。基于CFB锅炉的流态化燃烧特性,分析了3种零碳燃料的基本燃料特性、掺烧后燃烧特性及排放特性、存在问题以及未来发展方向。尽管3种零碳燃料掺烧时均存在一定的局限性与技术挑战,但通过气-固流场组织、燃料或空气深度分级、耦合其他技术对燃烧过程进行优化和污染物排放控制,燃煤CFB锅炉掺烧零碳燃料将是一条可行的碳减排路线。这将有助于开发新一代CFB锅炉灵活低碳燃煤发电技术,为“双碳”目标下促进能源结构低碳转型提供技术支撑。
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谭睿泽(2001),男,博士研究生,主要研究方向为循环流化床零碳燃料掺烧技术,tanruize@iet.cn。
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90: 342-352., articleTitle=Cofiring of hydrogen and pulverized coal in rotary kilns using one integrated burner, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236372382030549864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=378, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[86], rfOrder=132, authorNames=ZHANG Y, WU Q, KANG X, journalName=Fuel, refType=null, unstructuredReference=
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59(3): 99-109., articleTitle=350 MW墙式切圆锅炉超低负荷稳燃优化, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236372382168961898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=59, issue=3, pageStart=99, pageEnd=109, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[87], rfOrder=134, authorNames=LIU Tao, XUE Yanfang, WANG Yungang, journalName=Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, refType=null, unstructuredReference=
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59(3): 99-109., articleTitle=Optimization of combustion stability at ultra-low loads for 350 MW wall tangentially fired boiler, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1236372371418960450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, awardId=XDA29010100, language=EN, fundingSource=Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science(XDA29010100), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1236372371490263622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, awardId=XDA29010100, language=CN, fundingSource=中国科学院战略性先导科技专项课题(XDA29010100), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236372364791959775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236372364800348383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, companyId=1236372364791959775, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1.State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236372364808736992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, companyId=1236372364791959775, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1.中国科学院工程热物理研究所煤炭高效低碳利用全国重点实验室,北京 100190)]), AuthorCompany(id=1236372364892623081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236372364901011689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, companyId=1236372364892623081, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236372364905205994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, companyId=1236372364892623081, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.中国科学院大学工程科学学院,北京 100049)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1236372367442760062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Comprehensive comparison of the economic and environmental benefits of common emission reduction technology routes, figureFileSmall=mWHbwFgkLbbU1dXvGpfHZQ==, figureFileBig=qSntb7K2WxPRp9liEusuAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372367551811973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
常见减排技术路线的经济环境效益综合对比, figureFileSmall=mWHbwFgkLbbU1dXvGpfHZQ==, figureFileBig=qSntb7K2WxPRp9liEusuAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372367799275924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Sediments on probe of the bubbling fluidized bed at 850 ℃, figureFileSmall=4Wp/e+ZZZ7vjYRAjAkdzEg==, figureFileBig=K150sEYOONxd+gEGLy/dvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372367929299352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
850 ℃时鼓泡流化床探针上的沉积物, figureFileSmall=4Wp/e+ZZZ7vjYRAjAkdzEg==, figureFileBig=K150sEYOONxd+gEGLy/dvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368055128473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
The coking situation and coke picture of the high/low temperature superheater, figureFileSmall=ov1tvGPM7/rcH7lxSx1log==, figureFileBig=jPm/n72sz9+Azl1MR4xn3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368164180385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
高/低温过热器结焦情况及焦样实物, figureFileSmall=ov1tvGPM7/rcH7lxSx1log==, figureFileBig=jPm/n72sz9+Azl1MR4xn3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368281620899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Migration of N and S elements during biomass combustion, figureFileSmall=B1Lp8R7SRGAmH0LbxaRoFA==, figureFileBig=l0CThqMA6pWm2UlzXf2snw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368382284199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
生物质燃烧过程中N与S元素迁移过程, figureFileSmall=B1Lp8R7SRGAmH0LbxaRoFA==, figureFileBig=l0CThqMA6pWm2UlzXf2snw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368474558889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
The emissions of NOx and N2O with different blending positions, figureFileSmall=AWYIIww2+Aq6ZUAnjQXH+w==, figureFileBig=VZ7HY2r1cOwG0Iqc7hJiiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368612970929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
不同掺烧位置下NOx与N2O排放情况, figureFileSmall=AWYIIww2+Aq6ZUAnjQXH+w==, figureFileBig=VZ7HY2r1cOwG0Iqc7hJiiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368713634228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
The emissions of NOx and N2O at different blending ratios, figureFileSmall=naLEP75h9jccN0vBsUGBTg==, figureFileBig=O4+iafCUa8C4HcfpFHmeUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368826880442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
不同掺烧比例下NOx及N2O排放情况, figureFileSmall=naLEP75h9jccN0vBsUGBTg==, figureFileBig=O4+iafCUa8C4HcfpFHmeUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372368952709564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Summary of the main formation and conversion pathways of NOx and N2O, figureFileSmall=p/FcPQO1GBkxDkAfDBw0Ow==, figureFileBig=aXNcvtA4sWJSRb17vpg+gg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369070150084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
NOx和N2O的主要生成、转化路径汇总, figureFileSmall=p/FcPQO1GBkxDkAfDBw0Ow==, figureFileBig=aXNcvtA4sWJSRb17vpg+gg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369204367817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Emissions of NH3 and NO at different blending ratios, figureFileSmall=Us7w2oQfePJz0cPIJFXtXw==, figureFileBig=USKhIbpqYKq8iSx4I+55sw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369342779854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
不同掺烧比例下NH3与NO的排放情况, figureFileSmall=Us7w2oQfePJz0cPIJFXtXw==, figureFileBig=USKhIbpqYKq8iSx4I+55sw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369430860241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Variations of furnace and exhaust temperature with hydrogen mixing ratio, figureFileSmall=iAA6dmtVWSLfjc9csR7cJQ==, figureFileBig=4ydDphhVOlkR7vYPGStEIg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369493774806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
炉内温度及排烟温度随掺氢比例变化趋势, figureFileSmall=iAA6dmtVWSLfjc9csR7cJQ==, figureFileBig=4ydDphhVOlkR7vYPGStEIg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369573466587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Effect of hydrogen mixing ratio (0~55%) on NO and CO emissions, figureFileSmall=N4XhNdLoXlO84fQTbJKVOw==, figureFileBig=HxHdNWsrXaCBinxvEHRu/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369661546977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
掺氢比例(0~55%)对NO、CO排放的影响, figureFileSmall=N4XhNdLoXlO84fQTbJKVOw==, figureFileBig=HxHdNWsrXaCBinxvEHRu/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369774793189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
The NO emissions from hydrogen co-firing and pure coal combustion at different over fire air rates (hydrogen mixing ratio 35%), figureFileSmall=rUUMqC3FDz1FD3l2vSVvBg==, figureFileBig=WMiPWliJKck9nU/2lQtEgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372369929982445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
不同燃尽风率下燃煤掺氢和纯煤燃烧NO排放对比(掺氢比例35%), figureFileSmall=rUUMqC3FDz1FD3l2vSVvBg==, figureFileBig=WMiPWliJKck9nU/2lQtEgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370072588785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
The NOx generation and transformation paths during the coal-hydrogen co-combustion process, figureFileSmall=bscQOmHd3eL01cbgjQ8qaw==, figureFileBig=7wOWj/fHMomblr6z17EJbA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370198417913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
燃煤掺氢过程中NOx生成、转化路径, figureFileSmall=bscQOmHd3eL01cbgjQ8qaw==, figureFileBig=7wOWj/fHMomblr6z17EJbA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236372370294886912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Proximate and ultimate analysis of the commonly used biomass and coals
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 燃料 | 元素分析wad/% | 工业分析wad/% | 灰熔融温度/℃ |
|---|
| C | H | O | N | S | FC | V | M | A | DT | ST | FT |
|---|
| 玉米秸秆 | 33.8 | 4.9 | 27.5 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 10.1 | 57.1 | 7.6 | 25.3 | 1 092 | 1 117 | 1 131 |
| 稻壳 | 39.5 | 5.6 | 42.7 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 19.5 | 69.2 | 8.4 | 3.0 | 1 510 | 1 542 | 1 589 |
| 松木屑 | 45.6 | 5.9 | 38.5 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 12.9 | 77.4 | 7.2 | 2.5 | 1 072 | 1 151 | 1 165 |
| 烟煤 | 68.2 | 2.9 | 4.2 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 61.5 | 16.8 | 1.8 | 19.9 | 1 375 | 1 390 | 1 415 |
| 褐煤 | 46.6 | 7.5 | 13.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 33.7 | 36.5 | 12.7 | 17.1 | 1 238 | 1 331 | 1 343 |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372370403938824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
常用生物质与煤燃料元素分析及工业分析对比
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 燃料 | 元素分析wad/% | 工业分析wad/% | 灰熔融温度/℃ |
|---|
| C | H | O | N | S | FC | V | M | A | DT | ST | FT |
|---|
| 玉米秸秆 | 33.8 | 4.9 | 27.5 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 10.1 | 57.1 | 7.6 | 25.3 | 1 092 | 1 117 | 1 131 |
| 稻壳 | 39.5 | 5.6 | 42.7 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 19.5 | 69.2 | 8.4 | 3.0 | 1 510 | 1 542 | 1 589 |
| 松木屑 | 45.6 | 5.9 | 38.5 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 12.9 | 77.4 | 7.2 | 2.5 | 1 072 | 1 151 | 1 165 |
| 烟煤 | 68.2 | 2.9 | 4.2 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 61.5 | 16.8 | 1.8 | 19.9 | 1 375 | 1 390 | 1 415 |
| 褐煤 | 46.6 | 7.5 | 13.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 33.7 | 36.5 | 12.7 | 17.1 | 1 238 | 1 331 | 1 343 |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372370554933778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Comparison of biomass co-firing technologies
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 掺烧形式 | 掺烧比例/% | 生物质燃料要求 | 适合炉型 | 投资成本 | 主要电厂及锅炉规模 |
|---|
| 直接掺烧 | 0~20 | 热值高,可磨性好 | CFB锅炉、煤粉炉 | 低 | 白马电厂;600 MW CFB |
| 间接掺烧 | 0~10 | 挥发分高 | CFB锅炉、气流床、固定床 | 高 | 荆门热电厂;8 t/h CFB[33] |
| 并联掺烧 | 0~100 | 品质要求低 | 煤粉炉、CFB锅炉 | 中 | 实际应用较少 |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372370655597080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
生物质掺烧技术对比
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 掺烧形式 | 掺烧比例/% | 生物质燃料要求 | 适合炉型 | 投资成本 | 主要电厂及锅炉规模 |
|---|
| 直接掺烧 | 0~20 | 热值高,可磨性好 | CFB锅炉、煤粉炉 | 低 | 白马电厂;600 MW CFB |
| 间接掺烧 | 0~10 | 挥发分高 | CFB锅炉、气流床、固定床 | 高 | 荆门热电厂;8 t/h CFB[33] |
| 并联掺烧 | 0~100 | 品质要求低 | 煤粉炉、CFB锅炉 | 中 | 实际应用较少 |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372370756260385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=
Combustion characteristics of main gaseous fuels
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 项目 | H2 | NH3 | CH4 | CO |
|---|
| 密度/(kg·m–3) | 0.089 | 0.771 | 0.717 | 1.250 |
| 常温液化压力/MPa | 70.00 | 1.03 | 25.00 | 7.39 |
| 常温液化温度/℃ | –253.0 | –33.4 | –161.0 | –191.5 |
| 低位热值/(MJ·kg–1) | 120.0 | 16.8 | 50.0 | 10.1 |
| 最大层流火焰传播速度/(m·s–1) | 3.51 | 0.07 | 0.38 | 0.42 |
| 最低着火温度/℃ | 520 | 651 | 586 | 630 |
| 最低着火能/MJ | 0.011 | 8.000 | 0.280 | 0.260 |
| 绝热火焰温度/℃ | 2 110 | 1 800 | 1 950 | 1 300 |
| 燃烧爆炸极限/% | 4~75 | 15~28 | 5~15 | 13~80 |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372370861117987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
主要气体燃料燃烧特性
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 项目 | H2 | NH3 | CH4 | CO |
|---|
| 密度/(kg·m–3) | 0.089 | 0.771 | 0.717 | 1.250 |
| 常温液化压力/MPa | 70.00 | 1.03 | 25.00 | 7.39 |
| 常温液化温度/℃ | –253.0 | –33.4 | –161.0 | –191.5 |
| 低位热值/(MJ·kg–1) | 120.0 | 16.8 | 50.0 | 10.1 |
| 最大层流火焰传播速度/(m·s–1) | 3.51 | 0.07 | 0.38 | 0.42 |
| 最低着火温度/℃ | 520 | 651 | 586 | 630 |
| 最低着火能/MJ | 0.011 | 8.000 | 0.280 | 0.260 |
| 绝热火焰温度/℃ | 2 110 | 1 800 | 1 950 | 1 300 |
| 燃烧爆炸极限/% | 4~75 | 15~28 | 5~15 | 13~80 |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372370953392680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=
Research summary for ammonia blending technologies for coal-fired boilers
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 装置 | 作者 | 第一研究机构 | 掺烧位置 | 掺烧比例/% | 实验规模 | 固体燃料 | 主要研究结论 |
|---|
| CFB | Dai等人[59] | 西安交通大学 | 1、3 | 0~100 | 模拟 | 烟煤 | 空气分级、NH3燃料分级技术对NOx与N2O的排放有重要影响 |
| Li等人[60] | 浙江大学 | 2、3 | 0~30 | 100 kW | 烟煤 | 研究密相区、稀相区掺氨对炉内温度分布、污染物排放及燃尽情况的影响 |
| Kim等人[61] | 韩国能源研究院 | 1、2 | 0~25.4 | 中试规模 | 次烟煤 | 在风室内将NH3与预热空气混合后可减少NO、CO、CO2的排放 |
| Kim W D等[62] | 韩国延世大学 | 1 | 0~20 | 50 kW | 次烟煤 | 随着掺烧比例提高,CO2、SO2减少;H2O、NO、N2O增加 |
| Kim S等[63] | 韩国生产 技术研究院 | 1 | 0~30 | 550 MW 模型计算 | 低品位煤 | 掺氨后,CFB锅炉与PC炉燃烧效率均降低,其中CFB锅炉降低程度较PC低 |
| 鼓泡流化床 | Li等人[64] | 东南大学 | 1、2、3 | 0~100 | 实验室规模 | 烟煤 | 布风室掺烧的NH3逃逸量最低;联合分级可实现氨的高效转化和清洁燃烧 |
| Jeon等人[65] | 韩国机械与 材料研究所 | 2 | 0~30 | 5 kW | 褐煤 | 燃煤流化床掺氨后NO、CO与N2O存在关联并开展SCR/SNCR研究 |
| Cardoso等人[66] | 葡萄牙里斯本大学 | 2 | 0~80 | 模拟/实验 | 烟煤 | 掺氨比例在10%以下时与纯烧煤无异,20%比例下综合效果最佳 |
| Lee等人[67] | 韩国机械与 材料研究所 | 2、3 | 0~40 | 5 kW | 烟煤 | 证实强化燃烧与空气分级对氨煤掺烧过程中NO、N2O减排具有积极作用 |
| 煤粉炉 | 韦耿等[9] | 东方电气集团 | | 0~20 | 小试规模 | 烟煤 | 对掺氨进行了经济性分析,研究了燃尽风率对NOx与CO2排放的影响 |
| 牛涛等[68] | 烟台龙源股份有限公司 | | 0~25 | 40 MW中试 | 烟煤 | 经空气分级燃烧和运行氧量优化后,NOx与NH3均保持较低水平 |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372371058250289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
燃煤锅炉掺氨技术研究汇总
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 装置 | 作者 | 第一研究机构 | 掺烧位置 | 掺烧比例/% | 实验规模 | 固体燃料 | 主要研究结论 |
|---|
| CFB | Dai等人[59] | 西安交通大学 | 1、3 | 0~100 | 模拟 | 烟煤 | 空气分级、NH3燃料分级技术对NOx与N2O的排放有重要影响 |
| Li等人[60] | 浙江大学 | 2、3 | 0~30 | 100 kW | 烟煤 | 研究密相区、稀相区掺氨对炉内温度分布、污染物排放及燃尽情况的影响 |
| Kim等人[61] | 韩国能源研究院 | 1、2 | 0~25.4 | 中试规模 | 次烟煤 | 在风室内将NH3与预热空气混合后可减少NO、CO、CO2的排放 |
| Kim W D等[62] | 韩国延世大学 | 1 | 0~20 | 50 kW | 次烟煤 | 随着掺烧比例提高,CO2、SO2减少;H2O、NO、N2O增加 |
| Kim S等[63] | 韩国生产 技术研究院 | 1 | 0~30 | 550 MW 模型计算 | 低品位煤 | 掺氨后,CFB锅炉与PC炉燃烧效率均降低,其中CFB锅炉降低程度较PC低 |
| 鼓泡流化床 | Li等人[64] | 东南大学 | 1、2、3 | 0~100 | 实验室规模 | 烟煤 | 布风室掺烧的NH3逃逸量最低;联合分级可实现氨的高效转化和清洁燃烧 |
| Jeon等人[65] | 韩国机械与 材料研究所 | 2 | 0~30 | 5 kW | 褐煤 | 燃煤流化床掺氨后NO、CO与N2O存在关联并开展SCR/SNCR研究 |
| Cardoso等人[66] | 葡萄牙里斯本大学 | 2 | 0~80 | 模拟/实验 | 烟煤 | 掺氨比例在10%以下时与纯烧煤无异,20%比例下综合效果最佳 |
| Lee等人[67] | 韩国机械与 材料研究所 | 2、3 | 0~40 | 5 kW | 烟煤 | 证实强化燃烧与空气分级对氨煤掺烧过程中NO、N2O减排具有积极作用 |
| 煤粉炉 | 韦耿等[9] | 东方电气集团 | | 0~20 | 小试规模 | 烟煤 | 对掺氨进行了经济性分析,研究了燃尽风率对NOx与CO2排放的影响 |
| 牛涛等[68] | 烟台龙源股份有限公司 | | 0~25 | 40 MW中试 | 烟煤 | 经空气分级燃烧和运行氧量优化后,NOx与NH3均保持较低水平 |
), ArticleFig(id=1236372371167302198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=
The main chemical reactions of NH3 in CFB boilers
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 反应类型 | 反应方程式 |
|---|
| 脱氢反应[70] | |
|
|
| 热解[71] | |
| 氧化[71] | |
| 还原[71] | |
| 异相催化[72] | |
|
), ArticleFig(id=1236372371255382586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236372359519720254, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
NH3在CFB锅炉内主要化学反应
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 反应类型 | 反应方程式 |
|---|
| 脱氢反应[70] | |
|
|
| 热解[71] | |
| 氧化[71] | |
| 还原[71] | |
| 异相催化[72] | |
|
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