Article(id=1236369222134199273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236369220812984708, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202405105, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1716566400000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1772702993185, onlineDateStr=2026-03-05, pubDate=1732464000000, pubDateStr=2024-11-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1772702993185, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1772702993185, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772702993185, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1236369220812984708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2024', volume='53', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='168', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1772702992871, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772703093306, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1236369642126627337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236369220812984708, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1236369642126627338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236369220812984708, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=162, endPage=168, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1236369223266661368, articleId=1236369222134199273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Effect of chloride ion mass concentration on stress corrosion cracking performance of Inconel 740H alloy, columnId=1211002409397129992, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Power generation technology forum, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The effect of chloride ion mass concentration (0, 1, 20 mg/L) on stress corrosion cracking of Inconel 740H, a candidate nickel based alloy for high parameter ultra-supercritical units at 630~700 ℃, were investigated by slow strain rate tensile testing and stress corrosion crack propagation testing. Moreover, the relevant mechanism of high mass concentration chloride ions promoting the initiation and propagation of stress corrosion cracks was explored. The results showed that, high mass concentration of chloride ions promoted the stress corrosion cracking of 740H alloy, and the stress corrosion sensitivity index Iscc(δ) of the alloy increased with the chloride ion mass concentration. When the mass concentration of chloride ions increased to 20 mg/L, both the middle and edge of the fracture exhibited intergranular brittle fracture characteristics, with a large number of secondary intergranular cracks near the fracture. At this point, the alloy experienced stress corrosion cracking. The average crack propagation rate in a 20 mg/L chloride ion water environment reached 1.15×10–6 mm/s, which is 111.7 times the average crack propagation rate in high-purity water.

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采用慢应变速率拉伸试验和应力腐蚀裂纹扩展试验方法,研究了630~700 ℃高参数先进超超临界机组候选镍基合金Inconel 740H在0、1、20 mg/L氯离子水环境中的应力腐蚀开裂性能及规律,并探讨了高质量浓度氯离子促进应力腐蚀裂纹的萌生和扩展的相关机理。结果表明:高质量浓度氯离子促进740H合金的应力腐蚀开裂,合金应力腐蚀敏感性指数断后伸长损失Iscc(δ)随氯离子质量浓度升高而增大;当氯离子质量浓度升高至20 mg/L时,断口中部和断口边缘均呈沿晶脆性断裂特征,断口附近有大量沿晶二次裂纹,此时合金发生了应力腐蚀开裂。在20 mg/L氯离子水环境中裂纹平均扩展速率达1.15×10–6 mm/s,是高纯水中裂纹平均扩展速率的111.7倍。

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李江(1987),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电站材料寿命评估与失效分析,

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李江(1987),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电站材料寿命评估与失效分析,

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李江(1987),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电站材料寿命评估与失效分析,

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figureFileBig=Q46Hv7Vj0jN5ypgNna8lng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236369230468280642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236369222134199273, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=BSE morphology and EDS analysis of corrosion products on 740H-3A fracture surface, figureFileSmall=BiIhBgiGiU5DFUgVqY4a4w==, figureFileBig=bSI+HRGzSAcH82Pu1vTlvQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236369230581526853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236369222134199273, language=CN, label=图7, caption=740H-3A断口BSE形貌及腐蚀产物EDS分析, figureFileSmall=BiIhBgiGiU5DFUgVqY4a4w==, figureFileBig=bSI+HRGzSAcH82Pu1vTlvQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236369230673801543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236369222134199273, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=SEM morphology of the cross-section of 740H-1, figureFileSmall=lFOyhMz9tJZaPOFfsNlSyQ==, figureFileBig=aAsXKbw5K4oaq4l4KswGlg==, 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figureFileSmall=M8nUTJ/V7UMvBIRkRLEsBg==, figureFileBig=KRpFbg4JndjKkmoJGKh40g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236369231353278822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236369222134199273, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Chemical compositions of the 740H alloy

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元素CSiMnCrMoCoTiAlSPNbNi
数值0.0500.1600.25025.5900.02017.0101.3501.2600.0010.0301.770余量
), ArticleFig(id=1236369231432970601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236369222134199273, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

740H合金的化学成分

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元素CSiMnCrMoCoTiAlSPNbNi
数值0.0500.1600.25025.5900.02017.0101.3501.2600.0010.0301.770余量
), ArticleFig(id=1236369231521050988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236369222134199273, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Slow strain rate tensile test plan

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试样编号试验环境溶解氧质量浓度/(μg·L–1)应变速率/s–1
740H-1室温、高纯氩气1×10–6
740H-2A室温、1 mg/L氯离子水<151×10–6
740H-2B
740H-3A室温、20 mg/L氯离子水<151×10–6
740H-3B
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SSRT试验方案

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试样编号试验环境溶解氧质量浓度/(μg·L–1)应变速率/s–1
740H-1室温、高纯氩气1×10–6
740H-2A室温、1 mg/L氯离子水<151×10–6
740H-2B
740H-3A室温、20 mg/L氯离子水<151×10–6
740H-3B
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Stress corrosion crack propagation test plan

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试验步骤加载模式试验环境
1梯形波,时间为100、3 600、100 s
Kmax=25 MPa·m1/2, R=0.7
室温、高纯水、溶解氧<15 μg/L
2梯形波,时间为100、3 600、100 s
Kmax=25 MPa·m1/2, R=0.7
室温、1 mg/L氯离子水、溶解氧<15 μg/L
3梯形波,时间为100、3 600、100 s
Kmax=25 MPa·m1/2, R=0.7
室温、20 mg/L氯离子水、溶解氧<15 μg/L
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SCC裂纹扩展试验方案

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验步骤加载模式试验环境
1梯形波,时间为100、3 600、100 s
Kmax=25 MPa·m1/2, R=0.7
室温、高纯水、溶解氧<15 μg/L
2梯形波,时间为100、3 600、100 s
Kmax=25 MPa·m1/2, R=0.7
室温、1 mg/L氯离子水、溶解氧<15 μg/L
3梯形波,时间为100、3 600、100 s
Kmax=25 MPa·m1/2, R=0.7
室温、20 mg/L氯离子水、溶解氧<15 μg/L
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SSRT test results in water with different mass concentrations of chloride ions

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试样编号抗拉强度/MPa断后伸长率δ/%断后伸长率损失Iscc(δ)/%
740H-11 118.631.4
740H-2A1 098.831.30.32
740H-2B1 088.931.40
740H-3A1 072.427.612.10
740H-3B1 074.527.412.74
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不同质量浓度氯离子水中SSRT试验结果

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试样编号抗拉强度/MPa断后伸长率δ/%断后伸长率损失Iscc(δ)/%
740H-11 118.631.4
740H-2A1 098.831.30.32
740H-2B1 088.931.40
740H-3A1 072.427.612.10
740H-3B1 074.527.412.74
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EDS analysis results in Fig.7

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元素ONaClCrCoNi
质量分数/%21.1814.2138.268.647.3210.39
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图7中EDS分析结果

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元素ONaClCrCoNi
质量分数/%21.1814.2138.268.647.3210.39
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氯离子质量浓度对Inconel 740H合金应力腐蚀开裂性能的影响
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李江 , 崔雄华 , 杨哲一 , 唐丽英 , 周荣灿 , 李季 , 王军民
热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2024,53(11): 162-168
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热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2024, 53(11): 162-168
氯离子质量浓度对Inconel 740H合金应力腐蚀开裂性能的影响
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李江 , 崔雄华, 杨哲一, 唐丽英, 周荣灿, 李季, 王军民
作者信息
  • 西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西 西安 710054
  • 李江(1987),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电站材料寿命评估与失效分析,

Effect of chloride ion mass concentration on stress corrosion cracking performance of Inconel 740H alloy
Jiang LI , Xionghua CUI, Zheyi YANG, Liying TANG, Rongcan ZHOU, Ji LI, Junmin WANG
Affiliations
  • Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co, Ltd, Xi’an 710054, China
出版时间: 2024-11-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202405105
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采用慢应变速率拉伸试验和应力腐蚀裂纹扩展试验方法,研究了630~700 ℃高参数先进超超临界机组候选镍基合金Inconel 740H在0、1、20 mg/L氯离子水环境中的应力腐蚀开裂性能及规律,并探讨了高质量浓度氯离子促进应力腐蚀裂纹的萌生和扩展的相关机理。结果表明:高质量浓度氯离子促进740H合金的应力腐蚀开裂,合金应力腐蚀敏感性指数断后伸长损失Iscc(δ)随氯离子质量浓度升高而增大;当氯离子质量浓度升高至20 mg/L时,断口中部和断口边缘均呈沿晶脆性断裂特征,断口附近有大量沿晶二次裂纹,此时合金发生了应力腐蚀开裂。在20 mg/L氯离子水环境中裂纹平均扩展速率达1.15×10–6 mm/s,是高纯水中裂纹平均扩展速率的111.7倍。

Inconel 740H  /  应力腐蚀开裂  /  氯离子  /  慢应变速率拉伸  /  裂纹扩展

The effect of chloride ion mass concentration (0, 1, 20 mg/L) on stress corrosion cracking of Inconel 740H, a candidate nickel based alloy for high parameter ultra-supercritical units at 630~700 ℃, were investigated by slow strain rate tensile testing and stress corrosion crack propagation testing. Moreover, the relevant mechanism of high mass concentration chloride ions promoting the initiation and propagation of stress corrosion cracks was explored. The results showed that, high mass concentration of chloride ions promoted the stress corrosion cracking of 740H alloy, and the stress corrosion sensitivity index Iscc(δ) of the alloy increased with the chloride ion mass concentration. When the mass concentration of chloride ions increased to 20 mg/L, both the middle and edge of the fracture exhibited intergranular brittle fracture characteristics, with a large number of secondary intergranular cracks near the fracture. At this point, the alloy experienced stress corrosion cracking. The average crack propagation rate in a 20 mg/L chloride ion water environment reached 1.15×10–6 mm/s, which is 111.7 times the average crack propagation rate in high-purity water.

Inconel 740H  /  stress corrosion cracking  /  chloride ion  /  slow strain rate tensile  /  crack propagation
李江, 崔雄华, 杨哲一, 唐丽英, 周荣灿, 李季, 王军民. 氯离子质量浓度对Inconel 740H合金应力腐蚀开裂性能的影响. 热力发电, 2024 , 53 (11) : 162 -168 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202405105
Jiang LI, Xionghua CUI, Zheyi YANG, Liying TANG, Rongcan ZHOU, Ji LI, Junmin WANG. Effect of chloride ion mass concentration on stress corrosion cracking performance of Inconel 740H alloy[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2024 , 53 (11) : 162 -168 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202405105
为进一步降低火电机组煤耗,减少温室气体和其他污染物的排放,国内外先后开展了630~700 ℃等级高参数先进超超临界发电技术的研究[1-2]。由于机组参数提高,对其关键部件材料性能提出了更高的要求,导致高温部件选材成为了制约高参数超超临界发电技术发展的主要瓶颈[3],目前典型的候选材料包括Inconel 740H(简称740H)、617B、Haynes 282等多种进口材料和HT700、GH984G和GH750等多种国产材料。其中,740H合金是一种以γ′相为主要强化相的时效强化型镍基高温合金,因其具有优良的抗蠕变断裂、氧化腐蚀和烟气腐蚀性能,已成为高参数超超临界机组选材研究的热点[4]
由于高参数下锅炉服役环境更加苛刻,特别是在杂质离子(如氯离子、硫酸根离子等)与应力的协同作用下,材料在应力值远低于强度极限时发生应力腐蚀开裂(SCC),已成为电站安全运行的重要隐患,据报道核电约40%的失效案例均涉及SCC[5-6]。目前关于杂质离子对镍基合金SCC性能的影响,国内外已有大量研究[7-10]。吴义兵等[7]发现硫酸根离子促进Inconel 600合金SCC,随硫酸根质量浓度升高,Inconel 600的SCC敏感性增大。夏大海等[8]综述了690合金和800合金在高温高压水中硫致腐蚀失效的研究进展,发现S与氯离子协同作用可显著提高690合金和800H合金开裂的敏感性。林根仙等[9]研究了690TT合金在不同浓度硫酸根离子中的SCC敏感性,发现在1 500 μg/kg硫酸根离子中690TT合金断口边缘出现穿晶裂纹,SCC开裂敏感性显著提高。Andresen等人[10]详细分析了腐蚀环境对Inconel 600、Inconel690合金SCC的影响,指出裂纹尖端氯离子对SCC开裂的作用。
虽然国内外针对镍基合金SCC问题已有一些研究[7-10],但目前研究的镍基合金主要为服役于核电环境的Inconel 600、Inconel 690和800H合金,而针对高参数先进超超临界火电机组候选镍基合金SCC性能研究鲜有报道,其腐蚀开裂规律和机理还有待澄清。为此,本课题组采用慢应变速率拉伸(SSRT)试验研究了740H合金在不同质量浓度氯离子水中的SCC敏感性变化,采用SCC裂纹扩展试验研究了氯离子质量浓度变化对740H合金裂纹扩展速率的影响规律,综合分析氯离子质量浓度变化对740H合金SCC性能的影响。
本试验用740H合金由美国Special Metals Corporation公司提供,规格为Φ372 mm×81 mm,实测化学成分见表1,供货态为固溶处理态,试验前进行了800 ℃、16 h时效处理。图1为740H合金的显微组织。由图1可知,合金为典型的等轴奥氏体组织,包含一定数量的孪晶,晶内以Ti(C,N)析出相为主,晶界有少量M23C6
图2为SCC试验平台结构示意和实物,在该试验台上开展SSRT和裂纹扩展试验。SSRT试验方法参照ASTM G129—2021,试样为棒状试样,试样形状和尺寸如图3a)所示。按照标准,将腐蚀环境中的各种参数与惰性环境(本文为高纯氩气)对应的参数进行对比,计算出SCC敏感性指数Iscc,计算方法见式(1)。Iscc越大表明SCC敏感性越高,Iscc越小表明SCC敏感性越低。
Iscc=IoIsIo
式中:Iscc为SCC敏感性指数;Io为惰性环境中的试验参数;Is为腐蚀环境中的试验参数。
本文采用断后伸长率损失Iscc(δ)来表征SCC敏感性。SSRT试验具体方案见表2,每种腐蚀环境各设置2个平行试样。
裂纹扩展试验方法参照ASTM E399—2023,采用紧凑拉伸试样,试样形状和尺寸如图3b)所示,裂纹检测方法采用直流电位降(DCPD)技术,具体检测方法参见文献[11]和文献[12]。试验前将紧凑拉伸试样安装在YYF-40型万能试验机上,室温暴露于空气中进行低周疲劳试验,预制裂纹,频率2 Hz,应力比R=0.3,最终得到裂纹长度约为12 mm;之后在高纯水中进行腐蚀疲劳试验,加载波形为三角波,恒温控制,频率为0.01 Hz,应力比R=0.3~0.7;最后正式开始SCC裂纹扩展试验,裂纹扩展试验共分3个步骤,详细试验方案见表3
试验后借助FEI Quanta-400 HV型扫描电镜(SEM)观察试验后断口形貌,利用牛津INCA型X射线能谱仪(EDS)分析腐蚀产物成分,将SSRT验后的试样从标距段根部切割,纵向剖开后,热镶后制成金相样,观察其断口及侧面是否存在SCC二次裂纹。
表4为740H合金在不同质量浓度氯离水环境中的SSRT试验结果,采用断后伸长率损失Iscc(δ)来表征材料SCC敏感性。由表4可见:在1 mg/L氯离子水环境中,2个平行试样(740H-2A、740H-2B)的Iscc(δ)都极小,分别为0.32%和0,表明该条件下合金无SCC敏感性,其抗SCC性能很好;升高氯离子质量浓度至20 mg/L,此腐蚀环境中的Iscc(δ)增大,2个平行试样(740H-3A、740H-3B)的Iscc(δ)分别为12.10%和12.74%,表明合金在20 mg/L氯离子水环境中SCC敏感性增大。
图4为740H合金在惰性环境中拉伸后断口SEM形貌。由图4可见,宏观断口断面垂直于拉伸方向(图4a)),在断口边缘有剪切唇区,宽度约为300~400 μm(图4b)),微观断口显示,断口中部区域为沿晶断裂特征(图4c)),剪切唇区为不规则的韧窝(图4d)),可见断口为脆性断裂和韧性断裂混合型断口。
图5为740H-2A试样SSRT断口SEM形貌。由图5可见,其断口形貌与740H-1类似,即宏观断口较平整(图5a)),在断口边缘有剪切唇区,微观断口显示剪切唇区为不规则的韧窝(图5b)、图5c)和图5d)),断口中部区域呈脆性断裂特征(图5e))。断口仍为脆性断裂和韧性断裂混合型断口。
图6为740H-3A试样SSRT断口SEM形貌。与740H-1和740H-2A不同的是,在断口中部(图6b))和断口边缘均呈现沿晶断裂特征(图6c)),断口边缘未见剪切唇区域,表明在20 mg/L氯离子水环境中740H合金断裂形式为脆性断裂,SCC敏感性较大,这与SSRT试验结果中Iscc(δ)增大相吻合。
图7表5为740H-3A断口背散射电子像(BSE)形貌及腐蚀物EDS分析。由图7可见,断口表面有大量沿晶二次裂纹,长约为150~300 μm,表面存在颗粒状腐蚀产物,EDS分析其富氯和氧。
将SSRT试验后的试样从标距段根部切割,纵向剖开后,热镶后制成金相样,腐蚀后观察其断口及断口附近二次裂纹形貌。图8为740H-1断口及断口附近侧面形貌。
图8可见,断口为沿晶断口,断口及断口附近侧面未见二次裂纹。图9为740H-3A断口及断口附近侧面形貌。由图9可见,断口上存在二次裂纹,深度约为70 μm,断口附近侧面也发现多处二次裂纹,最大深度约为30 μm,所有二次裂纹均呈沿晶界扩展趋势,表明在20 mg/L氯离子水环境中,740H合金发生了一定程度的SCC,这与之前的试验结果一致。
图10为裂纹扩展试验结果。由图10可见:第1阶段(高纯水)100~250 h过程中,裂纹基本没有扩展,裂纹长度基本保持12.3 mm,裂纹平均扩展速率非常小,仅为1.03×10–8 mm/s;第2阶段(250~400 h)增加氯离子质量浓度至1 mg/L,裂纹扩展速率仍较低,仅为3.52×10–8 mm/s,表明740H合金在氯离子质量浓度1 mg/L环境中仍具有良好的抗SCC裂纹扩展能力;第3阶段(400~500 h)当氯离子质量浓度上升至20 mg/L,SCC裂纹扩展速率明显升高,第3阶段裂纹平均扩展速率达1.15×10–6 mm/s,是高纯水中裂纹扩展速率的111.7倍,再次证明740H合金在该环境中发生了SCC。图11为裂纹扩展试验后裂纹宏观形貌,DCPD检测裂纹长度为12.72 mm,实测裂纹长度约为12.98 mm,二者相差约2%,表明DCPD系统测量精度较高。
本文SSRT试验结果表明,高质量浓度氯离子促进740H合金SCC,随着氯离子质量浓度增大,740H合金SCC敏感性指数Iscc(δ)增大(表4);断口分析表明在惰性环境和1 mg/L氯离子水环境中,断口中部区域呈脆性断裂特征,边缘有剪切唇区,微观显示剪切唇区为不规则的韧窝(图4图5);当氯离子质量浓度增大至20 mg/L时,断口中部和断口边缘均呈脆性断裂特征,断口边缘未见剪切唇区域(图6),且在断口上发现大量富氯和氧的腐蚀产物(图7),断口存在大量沿晶二次裂纹长约150~300 μm(图7),深度约70 μm(图9),740H合金在此环境中发生了SCC。
裂纹扩展试验结果表明,在20 mg/L氯离子水环境中,裂纹平均扩展速率达1.15×10-6 mm/s,是高纯水中裂纹扩展速率的111.7倍。其原因为高质量浓度氯离子促进SCC裂纹的萌生和扩展[8,13-17]。氯离子对合金表面保护性钝化膜具有破坏作用,导致钝化膜局部破裂,促进裂纹的萌生,这一结果与EHRNSTÉN等人的研究结果一致[13]
在裂纹扩展阶段,研究人员提出了许多理论模型,如氢致开裂模型、环境耦合断裂模型[14]和膜破裂/滑移溶解模型[15],而本文740H合金在氯离子水环境中的SCC行为可以用膜破裂/滑移溶解模型解释[15]:在拉应力的作用下,初始萌生的裂纹尖端承受高应力,在裂纹尖端产生一定量的塑性变形,740H合金在20 mg/L氯离子水环境中发生SCC,推测原因为塑形变形产生的滑移台阶使得裂纹尖端的保护性钝化发生破裂,暴露出新鲜的金属,而高质量浓度氯离子向裂纹尖端富集,导致裂纹尖端酸化,阳极溶解电流密度增加[16],裂纹尖端无钝化膜时的金属活性溶解的时间增加,促进暴露的新鲜金属的活性溶解[17],初始萌生的裂纹向前扩展,导致材料发生SCC。而在惰性环境和1 mg/L氯离子水环境中断口SEM形貌中有较浅的沿晶二次裂纹的痕迹(图4图5),但其深度远不及20 mg/L氯离子水环境中断口的二次裂纹,其主要为氯离子质量浓度导致,1 mg/L氯离子水环境中SCC敏感性较低,推测其原因为较低质量浓度氯离子难以在裂纹尖端富集,原暴露出的新鲜金属很快又发生了钝化,此时裂纹尖端为钝化膜保护状态。
1)高质量浓度氯离子促进740H合金的应力腐蚀开裂,合金应力腐蚀敏感性指数Iscc(δ)随氯离子质量浓度升高而增大;当氯离子质量浓度升高至20 mg/L时,断口中部和断口边缘均呈沿晶脆性断裂特征,断口附近有大量沿晶二次裂纹,此时合金发生了应力腐蚀开裂。
2)740H合金在20 mg/L氯离子水环境中裂纹平均扩展速率达1.15×10–6 mm/s,是高纯水中裂纹扩展速率的111.7倍。
3)高质量浓度氯离子在裂纹尖端富集,导致裂纹尖端酸化,促进金属溶解,导致合金发生SCC。
基于本文的研究结果,需尽量避免740H合金在制造、安装、运行和检修等阶段与氯离子接触,尤其水压试验阶段,应控制水中氯离子质量浓度,避免因SCC而导致的失效事故。
  • 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2023-JC-QN-0582)
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202405105
  • 接收时间:2024-05-25
  • 首发时间:2026-03-05
  • 出版时间:2024-11-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-25
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Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2023-JC-QN-0582)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2023-JC-QN-0582)
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    西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西 西安 710054
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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