Article(id=1236345971932713503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236345965947449499, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202502048, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1740585600000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-27, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1772697449905, onlineDateStr=2026-03-05, pubDate=1750780800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1772697449905, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1772697449905, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772697449905, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1236345965947449499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2025', volume='54', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='210', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1772697448479, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772697609456, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1236346641175859638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236345965947449499, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1236346641175859639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236345965947449499, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=79, endPage=89, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1236345972209537574, articleId=1236345971932713503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Advances in electrodialysis technologies for amine reclaiming in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture, columnId=1236345968304640424, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Innovation and process optimization of carbon capture technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In post-combustion CO2 capture, organic amine absorbents are prone to degradation, forming heat-stable salts (HSS) that impair absorption performance and accelerate equipment corrosion. Electrodialysis (ED), operating under ambient conditions with high HSS removal efficiency, has emerged as a promising technology for amine recovery. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in ED for amine solvent recovery, covering the configurations of different ED systems and the mechanisms by which key process parameters (voltage, current density, initial HSS concentration, CO2 loading, etc.) affect removal efficiency, amine loss, and energy consumption. It highlights process optimization strategies such as multi-stage membrane stacks and ED coupling with resins or bipolar membranes, and compares industrial performance data across different applications. Finally, challenges related to membrane stability, energy consumption, and cost control are discussed, with perspectives on future development directions for ED-based amine recovery in carbon capture systems.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yan HUANG, Zhiping HU, Yuwei WANG, Peijun LIU, Shuifei LI, Ximing HU, Lin YANG, Mengxiang FANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1236345975875359491, articleId=1236345971932713503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=CN, title=电渗析用于燃烧后二氧化碳捕集的胺回收技术研究进展, columnId=1236345968489189808, journalTitle=热力发电, columnName=碳捕集技术创新与工艺优化, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

燃烧后CO2捕集过程中,有机胺吸收剂易降解生成中性降解产物及热稳定盐(heat stable salt,HSS)。电渗析(electrodialysis,ED)技术作为一种常温常压下高效脱除HSS的方法,在胺回收领域具有广阔的应用前景。系统综述了电渗析用于有机胺回收的研究进展,包括不同电渗析装置的构型特点、关键工艺参数(电压、电流密度、初始HSS浓度、CO2负荷等)对脱除效率、胺损失与能耗的影响机制。重点总结了多段膜堆、电渗析与树脂或双极膜耦合等工艺优化策略,并对不同应用场景下电渗析装置的工业运行性能进行了比较分析。最后,针对膜材料稳定性、能耗与成本控制等挑战,提出了未来电渗析在CO2捕集胺回收领域的发展方向。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
方梦祥(1965),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为化学吸收法二氧化碳捕集技术,
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=FyfWen+dXW1rOlwe5u4z4Q==, magXml=1k4Mh+zzcSR6ygUKwjA1uw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=3Ag6t7wu3LaVGlH9eZ8HLg==, pdfFileSize=1645282, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=R3WSaF1OHz2gDwTCYROOqw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=RbRTlZj+OTnp0963xS7n+g==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

黄艳(1977),女,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事燃煤电厂生产与科技创新管理、CCUS研发等,

, authorsList=黄艳, 胡治平, 王玉玮, 刘培军, 李水飞, 胡昔鸣, 杨林, 方梦祥)}, authors=[Author(id=1236390478489375142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=2905044759@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236390478581649836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390478489375142, language=EN, stringName=Yan HUANG, firstName=Yan, middleName=null, lastName=HUANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Guoneng Jinjie Power Plant, Yulin 719319, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236390478661341620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390478489375142, language=CN, stringName=黄艳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319, bio={"content":"

黄艳(1977),女,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事燃煤电厂生产与科技创新管理、CCUS研发等,

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

黄艳(1977),女,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事燃煤电厂生产与科技创新管理、CCUS研发等,

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236390478283854230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478292242840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478283854230, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Guoneng Jinjie Power Plant, Yulin 719319, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478300631448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478283854230, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319)])]), Author(id=1236390478736839098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236390478824919489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390478736839098, language=EN, stringName=Zhiping HU, firstName=Zhiping, middleName=null, lastName=HU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Guoneng Jinjie Power Plant, Yulin 719319, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236390478921388488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390478736839098, language=CN, stringName=胡治平, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236390478283854230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478292242840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478283854230, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Guoneng Jinjie Power Plant, Yulin 719319, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478300631448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478283854230, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319)])]), Author(id=1236390479005274575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236390479122715096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390479005274575, language=EN, stringName=Yuwei WANG, firstName=Yuwei, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236390479219184098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390479005274575, language=CN, stringName=王玉玮, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.浙江大学能源工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236390478376128926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478380323229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478376128926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478388711838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478376128926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.浙江大学能源工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027)])]), Author(id=1236390479307264489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236390479395344880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390479307264489, language=EN, stringName=Peijun LIU, firstName=Peijun, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Guoneng Jinjie Power Plant, Yulin 719319, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236390479479230966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390479307264489, language=CN, stringName=刘培军, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236390478283854230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478292242840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478283854230, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Guoneng Jinjie Power Plant, Yulin 719319, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478300631448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478283854230, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319)])]), Author(id=1236390479554728446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236390479651197445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390479554728446, language=EN, stringName=Shuifei LI, firstName=Shuifei, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Guoneng Jinjie Power Plant, Yulin 719319, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236390479735083529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390479554728446, language=CN, stringName=李水飞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236390478283854230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478292242840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478283854230, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Guoneng Jinjie Power Plant, Yulin 719319, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478300631448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478283854230, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319)])]), Author(id=1236390479848329748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236390479969964569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390479848329748, language=EN, stringName=Ximing HU, firstName=Ximing, middleName=null, lastName=HU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236390480041267746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390479848329748, language=CN, stringName=胡昔鸣, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.浙江大学能源工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236390478376128926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478380323229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478376128926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478388711838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478376128926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.浙江大学能源工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027)])]), Author(id=1236390480267760173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236390480422949434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390480267760173, language=EN, stringName=Lin YANG, firstName=Lin, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.Guoneng Jinjie Power Plant, Yulin 719319, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236390480557167170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390480267760173, language=CN, stringName=杨林, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236390478283854230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478292242840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478283854230, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Guoneng Jinjie Power Plant, Yulin 719319, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478300631448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478283854230, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319)])]), Author(id=1236390480670413388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=mxfang@zju.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236390480800436819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390480670413388, language=EN, stringName=Mengxiang FANG, firstName=Mengxiang, middleName=null, lastName=FANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236390480905294426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, authorId=1236390480670413388, language=CN, stringName=方梦祥, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.浙江大学能源工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236390478376128926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478380323229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478376128926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478388711838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478376128926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.浙江大学能源工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1236390481119203939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=degradation products), Keyword(id=1236390481228255850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=heat stable salt), Keyword(id=1236390481307947634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=electrodialysis), Keyword(id=1236390481404416636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=amine reclaiming), Keyword(id=1236390481488302721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=HSS removal), Keyword(id=1236390481664463497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=amine loss), Keyword(id=1236390481781904019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=降解产物), Keyword(id=1236390481886761623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=热稳定盐), Keyword(id=1236390481987424925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=电渗析), Keyword(id=1236390482113254053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=胺回收), Keyword(id=1236390482201334441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=HSS脱除), Keyword(id=1236390482310386348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=胺损失)], refs=[Reference(id=1236390487595209589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=IEA, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=IEA. Global energy-related carbon dioxide emissions by source, 1990-2018[R/OL]. (2019-03-26) [2025-02-27]. https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-energy-related-carbon-dioxide-emissions-by-source-1990-2018., articleTitle=Global energy-related carbon dioxide emissions by source, 1990-2018, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390487695872890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1454, pageEnd=1454, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=IPCC, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=IPCC. Climate change 2014: mitigation of climate change-working group III contribution to the fifth assessment of the intergovernmental panel on climate change[R]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014: 1454-1454., articleTitle=Climate change 2014: mitigation of climate change-working group III contribution to the fifth assessment of the intergovernmental panel on climate change, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390487821702014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=89, issue=9, pageStart=1446, pageEnd=1460, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=PIRES J C M, MARTINS F G, ALVIM-FERRAZ M C M, journalName=Chemical Engineering Research and Design, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PIRES J C M, MARTINS F G, ALVIM-FERRAZ M C M, et al. Recent developments on carbon capture and storage: an overview[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2011, 89(9): 1446-1460., articleTitle=Recent developments on carbon capture and storage: an overview, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390487934948228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=48, issue=20, pageStart=9061, pageEnd=9067, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=LEPAUMIER H, PICQ D, CARRETTE P L, journalName=Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LEPAUMIER H, PICQ D, CARRETTE P L. New amines for CO2 capture. I. mechanisms of amine degra-dation in the presence of CO2[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2009, 48(20): 9061-9067., articleTitle=New amines for CO2 capture. I. mechanisms of amine degra-dation in the presence of CO2, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390488035611527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=43, issue=20, pageStart=6400, pageEnd=6408, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=GOFF G S, ROCHELLE G T, journalName=Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GOFF G S, ROCHELLE G T. Monoethanolamine degradation: O2 mass transfer effects under CO2 capture conditions[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2004, 43(20): 6400-6408., articleTitle=Monoethanolamine degradation: O2 mass transfer effects under CO2 capture conditions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390488127886218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=3, issue=2, pageStart=133, pageEnd=142, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=SUPAP T, IDEM R, TONTIWACHWUTHIKUL P, journalName=International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUPAP T, IDEM R, TONTIWACHWUTHIKUL P, et al. Kinetics of sulfur dioxide- and oxygen-induced degradation of aqueous monoethanolamine solution during CO2 absorption from power plant flue gas streams[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2009, 3(2): 133-142., articleTitle=Kinetics of sulfur dioxide- and oxygen-induced degradation of aqueous monoethanolamine solution during CO2 absorption from power plant flue gas streams, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390488245326735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=42, issue=null, pageStart=593, pageEnd=601, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=BAZHENOV S, RIEDER A, SCHALLERT B, journalName=International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BAZHENOV S, RIEDER A, SCHALLERT B, et al. Reclaiming of degraded MEA solutions by electrodialysis: results of ED pilot campaign at post-combustion CO2 capture pilot plant[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2015, 42: 593-601., articleTitle=Reclaiming of degraded MEA solutions by electrodialysis: results of ED pilot campaign at post-combustion CO2 capture pilot plant, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390488362767253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=101, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=HAI A, VENGATESAN M R, ZAIN J H, journalName=International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HAI A, VENGATESAN M R, ZAIN J H, et al. Design and optimization of a concentric setup for the separation of heat stable salts from industrial lean amine solution using electromagnetic forces[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2020, 101: 103137., articleTitle=Design and optimization of a concentric setup for the separation of heat stable salts from industrial lean amine solution using electromagnetic forces, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390488459236249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=242, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=CHEN F, CHI Y, ZHANG M, journalName=Separation and Purification Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN F, CHI Y, ZHANG M, et al. Removal of heat stable salts from N-methyldiethanolamine wastewater by anion exchange resin coupled three-compartment electrodialysis[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2020, 242: 116777., articleTitle=Removal of heat stable salts from N-methyldiethanolamine wastewater by anion exchange resin coupled three-compartment electrodialysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390488585065373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=4, issue=null, pageStart=5527, pageEnd=5533, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=VITSE F, BABURAO B, DUGAS R, journalName=Energy Procedia, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VITSE F, BABURAO B, DUGAS R, et al. Technology and pilot plant results of the advanced amine process[J]. Energy Procedia, 2011, 4: 5527-5533., articleTitle=Technology and pilot plant results of the advanced amine process, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390488715088800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=63, issue=null, pageStart=6349, pageEnd=6356, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=BAZHENOV S, VASILEVSKY V, RIEDER A, journalName=Energy Procedia, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BAZHENOV S, VASILEVSKY V, RIEDER A, et al. Heat stable salts (HSS) removal by electrodialysis: reclaiming of MEA used in post-combustion CO2-capture[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 63: 6349-6356., articleTitle=Heat stable salts (HSS) removal by electrodialysis: reclaiming of MEA used in post-combustion CO2-capture, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390488840917924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=29, issue=9/10, pageStart=1259, pageEnd=1267, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=WILSON M, TONTIWACHWUTHIKUL P, CHAKMA A, journalName=Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WILSON M, TONTIWACHWUTHIKUL P, CHAKMA A, et al. Test results from a CO2 extraction pilot plant at boundary dam coal-fired power station[J]. Energy, 2004, 29(9/10): 1259-1267., articleTitle=Test results from a CO2 extraction pilot plant at boundary dam coal-fired power station, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390488991912870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=87, issue=3, pageStart=57, pageEnd=61, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=KNUDSEN J N, VILHELMSEN P J, JENSEN J N, journalName=VGB PowerTech, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KNUDSEN J N, VILHELMSEN P J, JENSEN J N, et al. First year operating experience with a 1 t/h CO2 absorption: pilot plant at Esbjerg Coal-fired Power Plant[J]. VGB PowerTech, 2007, 87(3): 57-61., articleTitle=First year operating experience with a 1 t/h CO2 absorption: pilot plant at Esbjerg Coal-fired Power Plant, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390489088381866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=4, issue=5, pageStart=756, pageEnd=761, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=FREEMAN S A, DAVIS J, ROCHELLE G T, journalName=International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FREEMAN S A, DAVIS J, ROCHELLE G T. Degradation of aqueous piperazine in carbon dioxide capture[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2010, 4(5): 756-761., articleTitle=Degradation of aqueous piperazine in carbon dioxide capture, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390489205822383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1987, volume=1, issue=null, pageStart=B18, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=BACON T, journalName=Laurance Reid Gas Conditioning, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BACON T. Amine solution quality control through design, operation and correction[J]. Laurance Reid Gas Conditioning, 1987, 1: B18., articleTitle=Amine solution quality control through design, operation and correction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390489298097075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1997, volume=76, issue=4, pageStart=65, pageEnd=71, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=ROONEY P C, DUPART M S, BACON T R, journalName=Hydrocarbon Processing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ROONEY P C, DUPART M S, BACON T R. Effect of heat stable salts on MDEA solution corrosivity[J]. Hydrocarbon Processing, 1997, 76(4): 65-71., articleTitle=Effect of heat stable salts on MDEA solution corrosivity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390489402954679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=90, issue=4, pageStart=483, pageEnd=489, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=VERMA N, VERMA A, journalName=Fuel Processing Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VERMA N, VERMA A. Amine system problems arising from heat stable salts and solutions to improve system performance[J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 2009, 90(4): 483-489., articleTitle=Amine system problems arising from heat stable salts and solutions to improve system performance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390489545561021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=63, issue=null, pageStart=1781, pageEnd=1794, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=ARONU U E, LAURITSEN K G, GRIMSTVEDT A, journalName=Energy Procedia, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ARONU U E, LAURITSEN K G, GRIMSTVEDT A, et al. Impact of heat stable salts on equilibrium CO2 absorption[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 63: 1781-1794., articleTitle=Impact of heat stable salts on equilibrium CO2 absorption, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390489629447106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=3, issue=5, pageStart=485, pageEnd=509, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=ELMOUDIR W, SUPAP T, SAIWAN C, journalName=Carbon Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ELMOUDIR W, SUPAP T, SAIWAN C, et al. Part 6: Solvent recycling and reclaiming issues[J]. Carbon Management, 2012, 3(5): 485-509., articleTitle=Part 6: Solvent recycling and reclaiming issues, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390489725916102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=104, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=JU H, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JU H. Development of a novel reclaiming process for degraded solvents and glycols from industrial gas processing and purification[D]. University of Calgary, 2018: 1-104., articleTitle=Development of a novel reclaiming process for degraded solvents and glycols from industrial gas processing and purification, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390489818190794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=37, issue=1876, pageStart=306, pageEnd=313, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=WANG T, JENS K J, journalName=Energy Procedia, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG T, JENS K J. Oxidative degradation of AMP/MEA blends for post-combustion CO2 capture[J]. Energy Procedia, 2013, 37(1876): 306-313., articleTitle=Oxidative degradation of AMP/MEA blends for post-combustion CO2 capture, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390489923048394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=27, issue=C, pageStart=276, pageEnd=289, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=WANG T, HOVLAND J, JENS K J, journalName=Journal of Environmental Sciences (China), refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG T, HOVLAND J, JENS K J. Amine reclaiming technologies in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences (China). 2015, 27(C): 276-289., articleTitle=Amine reclaiming technologies in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390490036294606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=63, issue=null, pageStart=926, pageEnd=939, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=SEXTON A, DOMBROWSKI K, NIELSEN P, journalName=Energy Procedia, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SEXTON A, DOMBROWSKI K, NIELSEN P, et al. Evaluation of reclaimer sludge disposal from post-combustion CO2 capture[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 63: 926-939., articleTitle=Evaluation of reclaimer sludge disposal from post-combustion CO2 capture, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390490128569298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=13, issue=2, pageStart=230, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=SHIROKIKH S, KALMYKOV D, MATVEEV D, journalName=Membranes, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHIROKIKH S, KALMYKOV D, MATVEEV D, et al. Reclaiming of amine CO2 solvent using extraction of heat stable salts in liquid-liquid membrane contactor[J]. Membranes, 2023, 13(2): 230., articleTitle=Reclaiming of amine CO2 solvent using extraction of heat stable salts in liquid-liquid membrane contactor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390490237621208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=9, issue=11, pageStart=152, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=GRUSHEVENKO E, BAZHENOV S, VASILEVSKY V, journalName=Membranes, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GRUSHEVENKO E, BAZHENOV S, VASILEVSKY V, et al. Effect of carbon dioxide loading on removal of heat stable salts from amine solvent by electrodialysis[J]. Membranes, 2019, 9(11): 152., articleTitle=Effect of carbon dioxide loading on removal of heat stable salts from amine solvent by electrodialysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390490334090202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=CUMMINGS A L, SMITH G D, NELSEN D K, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CUMMINGS A L, SMITH G D, NELSEN D K. Advances in amine reclaiming: why there’s no excuse to operate a dirty amine system[C]//57th Annual Laurance Reid Gas Conditioning Conference. Norman, OK. 2007., articleTitle=Advances in amine reclaiming: why there’s no excuse to operate a dirty amine system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390490426364893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=10, issue=null, pageStart=443, pageEnd=455, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=DUMÉE L, SCHOLES C, STEVENS G, journalName=International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DUMÉE L, SCHOLES C, STEVENS G, et al. Purification of aqueous amine solvents used in post combustion CO2 capture: a review[J]//International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2012, 10: 443-455., articleTitle=Purification of aqueous amine solvents used in post combustion CO2 capture: a review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390490501862366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1997, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=900, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=KOHL A L, NIELSEN R B, journalName=Gas purification, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KOHL A L, NIELSEN R B. Gas purification[M]. 5th ed. Houston: Gulf Publishing Company, 1997: 900., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390490594137059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=SANCHEZ FERNANDEZ E, GOETHEER E, JUZWICKA M, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SANCHEZ FERNANDEZ E, GOETHEER E, JUZWICKA M, et al. Emissions of substances other than CO2 from power plants with CCS[Z/OL]. (2012-03-01) [2025-02-23]. https://ieaghg.org/publications/emissions-of-substances-other-than-co2-from-power-plants-with-ccs/., articleTitle=Emissions of substances other than CO2 from power plants with CCS, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390490682217443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2000, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=DAVY P, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DAVY P. Impact of continuous removal of heat stable salts on amine plant operation[C]//Proceedings of Laurance Reid Gas Conditioning Conference. 2000., articleTitle=Impact of continuous removal of heat stable salts on amine plant operation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390490770297831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=2, issue=2, pageStart=57, pageEnd=69, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=YIN J N, AN C J, ZHAO K, journalName=Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YIN J N, AN C J, ZHAO K, et al. Handling of amine-based wastewater produced during carbon capture[J]. Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters, 2019, 2(2): 57-69., articleTitle=Handling of amine-based wastewater produced during carbon capture, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390490887738346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=261, issue=3, pageStart=523, pageEnd=531, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=SIMISTER C, CARON F, GEDYE R, journalName=Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SIMISTER C, CARON F, GEDYE R. Determination of the thermal degradation rate of polystyrene-divinyl benzene ion exchange resins in ultra-pure water at ambient and service temperature[J]. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2004, 261(3): 523-531., articleTitle=Determination of the thermal degradation rate of polystyrene-divinyl benzene ion exchange resins in ultra-pure water at ambient and service temperature, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390491000984558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1997, volume=136, issue=null, pageStart=35, pageEnd=39, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=FEDERATION R, CHEMISTRY M, journalName=Journal of Membrane Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FEDERATION R, CHEMISTRY M. An early history of electrodialysis with permselective membranes[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 1997, 136: 35-39., articleTitle=An early history of electrodialysis with permselective membranes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390491093259247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=RICHARD I, GREGORY A, COHEN M F, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RICHARD I, GREGORY A, COHEN M F. Aqueous alkanolamines using an electrodialysis cell with an ion exchange membrane: US08/449254[P]. 1999-06-08., articleTitle=Aqueous alkanolamines using an electrodialysis cell with an ion exchange membrane, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390491193922544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=BYSZEWSKI C H, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BYSZEWSKI C H. Process for the removal of heat stable amine salts: US20020020625[J]. 2001-05-04., articleTitle=Process for the removal of heat stable amine salts, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390491277808627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=301, pageEnd=315, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=35, authorNames=PARISI P J, BOSEN S F, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PARISI P J, BOSEN S F. Amine reclamation with minimal operational impact through electrodialysis[C]. Laurance Reid Gas Conditioning Conference. Norman, OK, 2006: 301-315., articleTitle=Amine reclamation with minimal operational impact through electrodialysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390491365889013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=55, issue=17, pageStart=5006, pageEnd=5018, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=36, authorNames=AKKARACHALANONT P, SAIWAN C, SUPAP T, journalName=Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=AKKARACHALANONT P, SAIWAN C, SUPAP T, et al. New reactive extraction based reclaiming technique for amines used in carbon dioxide capture process from industrial flue gases[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2016, 55(17): 5006-5018., articleTitle=New reactive extraction based reclaiming technique for amines used in carbon dioxide capture process from industrial flue gases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390491432997879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=228, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=37, authorNames=KARNWIBOON K, KRAJANGPIT W, SUPAP T, journalName=Separation and Purification Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KARNWIBOON K, KRAJANGPIT W, SUPAP T, et al. Solvent extraction based reclaiming technique for the removal of heat stable salts (HSS) and neutral degradation products from amines used during the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial flue gases[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2019, 228: 115744., articleTitle=Solvent extraction based reclaiming technique for the removal of heat stable salts (HSS) and neutral degradation products from amines used during the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial flue gases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390491491718137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=68, issue=null, pageStart=256, pageEnd=268, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=38, authorNames=ALNAIMAT F, ALHSEINAT E, BANAT F, journalName=International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ALNAIMAT F, ALHSEINAT E, BANAT F. Electro-magnetic separation of heat stable salt from gas sweetening amine[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2018, 68: 256-268., articleTitle=Electro-magnetic separation of heat stable salt from gas sweetening amine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390491567215611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=88, issue=null, pageStart=85, pageEnd=91, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=39, authorNames=ZAIN J H, OLADUNNI J, ABOU-KHOUSA M, journalName=International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZAIN J H, OLADUNNI J, ABOU-KHOUSA M, et al. A novel rectangular assembly for heat stable salts removal from industrial lean amine: effect of operational parameters[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2019, 88: 85-91., articleTitle=A novel rectangular assembly for heat stable salts removal from industrial lean amine: effect of operational parameters, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390491667878908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=63, issue=null, pageStart=6349, pageEnd=6356, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[41], rfOrder=40, authorNames=BAZHENOV S, VASILEVSKY V, RIEDER A, journalName=Energy Procedia, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BAZHENOV S, VASILEVSKY V, RIEDER A, et al. Heat stable salts (HSS) removal by electrodialysis: reclaiming of MEA used in post-combustion CO2 capture[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 63: 6349-6356., articleTitle=Heat stable salts (HSS) removal by electrodialysis: reclaiming of MEA used in post-combustion CO2 capture, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390491772736510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=53, issue=49, pageStart=19313, pageEnd=19321, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[42], rfOrder=41, authorNames=LIM J, AGUIAR A, SCHOLES C A, journalName=Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIM J, AGUIAR A, SCHOLES C A, et al. Monoethanol-amine reclamation using electrodialysis[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2014, 53(49): 19313-19321., articleTitle=Monoethanol-amine reclamation using electrodialysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390491860816897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=38, issue=5, pageStart=1347, pageEnd=1353, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[43], rfOrder=42, authorNames=VAN DER BRUGGEN B, KONINCKX A, VANDECASTEELE C, journalName=Water Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VAN DER BRUGGEN B, KONINCKX A, VANDECASTEELE C. Separation of monovalent and divalent ions from aqueous solution by electrodialysis and nanofiltration[J]. Water Research, 2004, 38(5): 1347-1353., articleTitle=Separation of monovalent and divalent ions from aqueous solution by electrodialysis and nanofiltration, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390491957284866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=645, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[44], rfOrder=43, authorNames=ZHOU Z, LIN Y, JIN Y, journalName=Journal of Membrane Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHOU Z, LIN Y, JIN Y, et al. Removal of heat-stable salts from lean amine solution using bipolar membrane electrodialysis[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2022, 645: 120213., articleTitle=Removal of heat-stable salts from lean amine solution using bipolar membrane electrodialysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390492066336774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=260, issue=null, pageStart=660, pageEnd=667, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[45], rfOrder=44, authorNames=SHEN J, HUANG J, LIU L, journalName=Journal of Hazardous Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHEN J, HUANG J, LIU L, et al. The use of BMED for glyphosate recovery from glyphosate neutralization liquor in view of zero discharge[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013, 260: 660-667., articleTitle=The use of BMED for glyphosate recovery from glyphosate neutralization liquor in view of zero discharge, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390492175388680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=322, issue=2, pageStart=436, pageEnd=440, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[46], rfOrder=45, authorNames=MENG H, ZHANG S, LI C, journalName=Journal of Membrane Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MENG H, ZHANG S, LI C, et al. Removal of heat stable salts from aqueous solutions of N-methyldiethanolamine using a specially designed three-compartment configura-tion electrodialyzer[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2008, 322(2): 436-440., articleTitle=Removal of heat stable salts from aqueous solutions of N-methyldiethanolamine using a specially designed three-compartment configura-tion electrodialyzer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390492297023499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=3, pageStart=109, pageEnd=116, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[47], rfOrder=46, authorNames=沈怡君, 汤志刚, 陈健, journalName=膜科学与技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=沈怡君, 汤志刚, 陈健, 等. 双极膜电渗析法脱除脱碳有机胺中热稳定性盐[J]. 膜科学与技术, 2020, 40(3): 109-116., articleTitle=双极膜电渗析法脱除脱碳有机胺中热稳定性盐, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390492401881101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=3, pageStart=109, pageEnd=116, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[47], rfOrder=47, authorNames=SHEN Yijun, TANG Zhigang, CHEN Jian, journalName=Membrane Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHEN Yijun, TANG Zhigang, CHEN Jian, et al. Removal of heat-stable salts from decarbonized organic amines by bipolar membrane electrodialysis[J]. Membrane Science and Technology, 2020, 40(3): 109-116., articleTitle=Removal of heat-stable salts from decarbonized organic amines by bipolar membrane electrodialysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390492489961487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=371, issue=1/2, pageStart=75, pageEnd=83, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[48], rfOrder=48, authorNames=GROOT M T DE, BOS A A C M, LÁZARO A P, journalName=Journal of Membrane Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GROOT M T DE, BOS A A C M, LÁZARO A P, et al. Electrodialysis for the concentration of ethanolamine salts[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2011, 371(1/2): 75-83., articleTitle=Electrodialysis for the concentration of ethanolamine salts, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390492594819088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=57, issue=null, pageStart=356, pageEnd=362, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[49], rfOrder=49, authorNames=WANG Y, LI W, YAN H, journalName=Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Y, LI W, YAN H, et al. Removal of heat stable salts (HSS) from spent alkanolamine wastewater using electrodialysis[J]. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2018, 57: 356-362., articleTitle=Removal of heat stable salts (HSS) from spent alkanolamine wastewater using electrodialysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390492678705169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=264, issue=3, pageStart=268, pageEnd=288, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[50], rfOrder=50, authorNames=STRATHMANN H, journalName=Desalination, refType=null, unstructuredReference=STRATHMANN H. Electrodialysis, a mature technology with a multitude of new applications[J]. Desalination, 2010, 264(3): 268-288., articleTitle=Electrodialysis, a mature technology with a multitude of new applications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390492750008338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=41, issue=3, pageStart=984, pageEnd=989, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[51], rfOrder=51, authorNames=HUANG C, XU T, YANG X, journalName=Environmental Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUANG C, XU T, YANG X. Regenerating fuel-gas desulfurizing agents by using bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED): effect of molecular structure of alkanolamines on the regeneration performance[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2007, 41(3): 984-989., articleTitle=Regenerating fuel-gas desulfurizing agents by using bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED): effect of molecular structure of alkanolamines on the regeneration performance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390492821311507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=46, issue=5, pageStart=16, pageEnd=19, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[52], rfOrder=52, authorNames=李超, 王拥军, 陆侨治, journalName=石油与天然气化工, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李超, 王拥军, 陆侨治, 等. 电渗析脱除热稳定盐技术在天然气净化厂的应用[J]. 石油与天然气化工, 2017, 46(5): 16-19., articleTitle=电渗析脱除热稳定盐技术在天然气净化厂的应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390492892614676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=46, issue=5, pageStart=16, pageEnd=19, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[52], rfOrder=53, authorNames=LI Chao, WANG Yongjun, LU Qiaozhi, journalName=Petrochemical Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Chao, WANG Yongjun, LU Qiaozhi, et al. Application of electrodialysis technology for removing heat-stable salts in natural gas purification plants[J]. Petrochemical Technology, 2017, 46(5): 16-19., articleTitle=Application of electrodialysis technology for removing heat-stable salts in natural gas purification plants, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390492968112149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[53], rfOrder=54, authorNames=黄川徽, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄川徽. 双极膜电渗析再生有机胺脱硫剂[D]. 合肥: 中国科学技术大学, 2008: 1., articleTitle=双极膜电渗析再生有机胺脱硫剂, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390493047803926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[53], rfOrder=55, authorNames=HUANG Chuanhui, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUANG Chuanhui. Regeneration of organic amine desulfurization agent by bipolar membrane electrodialysis[D]. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2008: 1., articleTitle=Regeneration of organic amine desulfurization agent by bipolar membrane electrodialysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390493127495703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=127, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[54], rfOrder=56, authorNames=WANG Y, FANG M, HUANG Y, journalName=International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Y, FANG M, HUANG Y, et al. Removal of heat stable salts from degraded amine solvent by “BMED+ED” two-stage electrodialysis unit[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2023, 127: 103939., articleTitle=Removal of heat stable salts from degraded amine solvent by “BMED+ED” two-stage electrodialysis unit, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390493312045080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=27, issue=2, pageStart=122, pageEnd=129, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[55], rfOrder=57, authorNames=刘芷源, 池勇志, 陈富强, journalName=天津城建大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘芷源, 池勇志, 陈富强, 等. 醇胺溶液中热稳定盐脱除技术研究进展[J]. 天津城建大学学报, 2021, 27(2): 122-129., articleTitle=醇胺溶液中热稳定盐脱除技术研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390493408514073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=27, issue=2, pageStart=122, pageEnd=129, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[55], rfOrder=58, authorNames=LIU Zhiyuan, CHI Yongzhi, CHEN Fuqiang, journalName=Journal of Tianjin Chengjian University, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Zhiyuan, CHI Yongzhi, CHEN Fuqiang, et al. Research progress on the removal technology of heat-stable salts in alkanolamine solution[J]. Journal of Tianjin Chengjian University, 2021, 27(2): 122-129., articleTitle=Research progress on the removal technology of heat-stable salts in alkanolamine solution, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390493496594458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[56], rfOrder=59, authorNames=HOSSEINI N, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HOSSEINI N. Designing a lab-scale apparatus for reclaiming amines[D]. Telemark: The University of South-Eastern Norway, 2024: 1., articleTitle=Designing a lab-scale apparatus for reclaiming amines, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390493559509019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=12, pageStart=49, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[57], rfOrder=60, authorNames=郝亚超, 张成凯, 李亚宁, journalName=工业水处理, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郝亚超, 张成凯, 李亚宁, 等. 树脂耦合电渗析脱除MDEA废液中热稳定盐试验[J]. 工业水处理, 2020, 40(12): 49-53., articleTitle=树脂耦合电渗析脱除MDEA废液中热稳定盐试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236390493676949532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=40, issue=12, pageStart=49, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[57], rfOrder=61, authorNames=HAO Yachao, ZHANG Chengkai, LI Yaning, journalName=Industrial Water Treatment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HAO Yachao, ZHANG Chengkai, LI Yaning, et al. Experimental study on the removal of heat-stable salts from MDEA waste liquid by resin-coupled electrodialysis[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2020, 40(12): 49-53., articleTitle=Experimental study on the removal of heat-stable salts from MDEA waste liquid by resin-coupled electrodialysis, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1236390487263859560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, awardId=CEZB240005324, language=EN, fundingSource=Research and Development Project on Electrodialysis Recovery and Regeneration Technology for Amine-Based Chemical Absorbents in CCUS Chemical Absorption Systems(CEZB240005324), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1236390487343551340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, awardId=CEZB240005324, language=CN, fundingSource=CCUS化学吸收系统胺基化学吸收剂电渗析回收和再生技术研发项目(CEZB240005324), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236390478283854230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478292242840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478283854230, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Guoneng Jinjie Power Plant, Yulin 719319, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478300631448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478283854230, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319)]), AuthorCompany(id=1236390478376128926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478380323229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478376128926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236390478388711838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, companyId=1236390478376128926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.浙江大学能源工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1236390482562044605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Flow chart of thermal reclaiming process, figureFileSmall=ryZcO9/NOu/awC74zff6GQ==, figureFileBig=coBZx7CqCXWQ83iWvWQDmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390482683679425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图1, caption=热回收工艺流程, figureFileSmall=ryZcO9/NOu/awC74zff6GQ==, figureFileBig=coBZx7CqCXWQ83iWvWQDmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390482834674378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Flow chart of ion exchange reclaiming process, figureFileSmall=P9/FHiGoHYaH60u+P0kjKw==, figureFileBig=DM6GtnXURrRQ6qzc9MnZ7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390482926949068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图2, caption=离子交换回收工艺, figureFileSmall=P9/FHiGoHYaH60u+P0kjKw==, figureFileBig=DM6GtnXURrRQ6qzc9MnZ7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390483044389582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Schematic diagram of ED reclaiming process (C-A membrane stack), figureFileSmall=zG9eZeYKA0FvfoDli3SSAw==, figureFileBig=LpoeZicCuZYbwJNK4SYVcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390483178607315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图3, caption=电渗析胺回收过程原理示意(C-A膜堆), figureFileSmall=zG9eZeYKA0FvfoDli3SSAw==, figureFileBig=LpoeZicCuZYbwJNK4SYVcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390483304436440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Schematic diagram of ElectroSep process (C-A-A membrane stack), figureFileSmall=9RXb5+jml41JQ4f8Kj3rfw==, figureFileBig=iQOrpvU1gliZWGJ0qKx2Bw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390483447042779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图4, caption=ElectroSep工艺原理示意(C-A-A膜堆), figureFileSmall=9RXb5+jml41JQ4f8Kj3rfw==, figureFileBig=iQOrpvU1gliZWGJ0qKx2Bw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390483589649118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Removal rates of different HSS anions, figureFileSmall=/m/kMCuH6BCCPUpUfggZ1g==, figureFileBig=FRIydyj0sNxEQyE87bg8Og==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390483711283940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同HSS离子的脱除率, figureFileSmall=/m/kMCuH6BCCPUpUfggZ1g==, figureFileBig=FRIydyj0sNxEQyE87bg8Og==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390483874861800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effect of voltage on HSS removal rate, figureFileSmall=opszVmeEERJNZgyl/AmVAQ==, figureFileBig=LJ0uilnLvFmxd0UrrTHVOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390483958747882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图6, caption=电压对HSS脱除率的影响, figureFileSmall=opszVmeEERJNZgyl/AmVAQ==, figureFileBig=LJ0uilnLvFmxd0UrrTHVOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390484063605487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Effect of voltage on energy consumption per unit and current efficiency, figureFileSmall=P8NMe3meRyve6b7eSPE21A==, figureFileBig=yR/T1jouBjpmPde7DtAINw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390484168463092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图7, caption=电压对单位能耗和电流效率的影响, figureFileSmall=P8NMe3meRyve6b7eSPE21A==, figureFileBig=yR/T1jouBjpmPde7DtAINw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390484290097910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Effect of current density on current efficiency, figureFileSmall=/6fp4BCkLb7NW9TSE1C3xQ==, figureFileBig=3PkIoTfjnns8mmExOFuftQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390484411732731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图8, caption=电流密度对电流效率的影响, figureFileSmall=/6fp4BCkLb7NW9TSE1C3xQ==, figureFileBig=3PkIoTfjnns8mmExOFuftQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390484508201726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Effect of current density on HSS removal rate, figureFileSmall=treAx4jj1pBXB21brqD/3Q==, figureFileBig=b5nJwGV6GBD4IHvK8HifMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390484625642242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图9, caption=电流密度对HSS脱除率的影响, figureFileSmall=treAx4jj1pBXB21brqD/3Q==, figureFileBig=b5nJwGV6GBD4IHvK8HifMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390484726305541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Effect of current density on energy consumption and amine loss rate, figureFileSmall=i8i7GXTxAbA0xMXDBwlp9Q==, figureFileBig=+Y5x/IPjZLfjPRrb6rMcoQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390484839551757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图10, caption=电流密度对能耗和胺损失率的影响, figureFileSmall=i8i7GXTxAbA0xMXDBwlp9Q==, figureFileBig=+Y5x/IPjZLfjPRrb6rMcoQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390484973769487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Effect of CO2 loading on HSS removal rate and amine loss rate, figureFileSmall=KlgqNcVq2Ytj5al0M97tvg==, figureFileBig=Cj4MTnGfPmybF1ivuLDk/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390485082821397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图11, caption=CO2负荷对HSS脱除率和胺损失率的影响, figureFileSmall=KlgqNcVq2Ytj5al0M97tvg==, figureFileBig=Cj4MTnGfPmybF1ivuLDk/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390485170901786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Effect of CO2 loading on energy consumption per unit, figureFileSmall=TweclAeUAV/d7nDN7mKf2Q==, figureFileBig=9DXOy57fZk67T7Ur66unVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390485242204957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图12, caption=CO2负荷对单位能耗的影响, figureFileSmall=TweclAeUAV/d7nDN7mKf2Q==, figureFileBig=9DXOy57fZk67T7Ur66unVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390485338673954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=Process of the two-step electrodialysis, figureFileSmall=B7IgWBgfgLcAlAOAesRdSw==, figureFileBig=afe/VNkdxGUkuO6Z+si5qQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390485435142947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图13, caption=两段电渗析工艺流程, figureFileSmall=B7IgWBgfgLcAlAOAesRdSw==, figureFileBig=afe/VNkdxGUkuO6Z+si5qQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390485657441064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=Typical equipment of bipolar membrane electrodialysis, figureFileSmall=hAAUugxgNUhJ0LJ4eUm6rg==, figureFileBig=Wr50+WNiHplIHUShIrkN9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390485745521452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图14, caption=双极膜电渗析典型装置, figureFileSmall=hAAUugxgNUhJ0LJ4eUm6rg==, figureFileBig=Wr50+WNiHplIHUShIrkN9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390485858767662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Fig.15, caption=Schematic diagram of working principle of resin coupled three-compartment electrodialysis, figureFileSmall=xwgfRrWAwJPLq8VmPiKA2A==, figureFileBig=EoQYjyaI7liwXZKWl6MoZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390485963625266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=图15, caption=树脂耦合电渗析原理示意, figureFileSmall=xwgfRrWAwJPLq8VmPiKA2A==, figureFileBig=EoQYjyaI7liwXZKWl6MoZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236390486043317046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Mass concentration levels of HSS in different CCS installations

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
吸收剂运行时间HSS水平吸收剂来源参考文献
45%MDEA~40 d2 000~2 500 mg/L阿布扎比某天然气处理厂[8]
35%MDEA>60 d3.92%中国天津某IGCC电厂脱硫装置[9]
UCARSOL™~60 d4.5%美国南查尔斯顿烟气脱碳中试装置[10]
30%MEA972 h2 312 mg/L德国海尔布隆某燃烧后捕集装置[11]
MEA based35 d~3%加拿大边界大坝燃煤电厂CCS装置[12]
30%MEA200 h0.75%丹麦埃斯比约燃煤电厂CCS中试装置[13]
), ArticleFig(id=1236390486169146171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同CCS装置中的HSS质量浓度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
吸收剂运行时间HSS水平吸收剂来源参考文献
45%MDEA~40 d2 000~2 500 mg/L阿布扎比某天然气处理厂[8]
35%MDEA>60 d3.92%中国天津某IGCC电厂脱硫装置[9]
UCARSOL™~60 d4.5%美国南查尔斯顿烟气脱碳中试装置[10]
30%MEA972 h2 312 mg/L德国海尔布隆某燃烧后捕集装置[11]
MEA based35 d~3%加拿大边界大坝燃煤电厂CCS装置[12]
30%MEA200 h0.75%丹麦埃斯比约燃煤电厂CCS中试装置[13]
), ArticleFig(id=1236390486265615169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Mass concentrations of HSS anions in 30%MEA after being put into service for 535 h

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
HSS阴离子质量浓度/(mg·L–1)
甲酸根HCOO320.0
乙酸根CH3COO110.0
乙醇酸根HOCH2COO65.0
草酸根C2O42–114.0
亚硝酸根NO20.5
硝酸根NO3145.0
硫酸根SO42–310.0
氯离子Cl4.4
总计1 068.9
), ArticleFig(id=1236390486378861385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

30%MEA运行535 h后不同HSS阴离子质量浓度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
HSS阴离子质量浓度/(mg·L–1)
甲酸根HCOO320.0
乙酸根CH3COO110.0
乙醇酸根HOCH2COO65.0
草酸根C2O42–114.0
亚硝酸根NO20.5
硝酸根NO3145.0
硫酸根SO42–310.0
氯离子Cl4.4
总计1 068.9
), ArticleFig(id=1236390486475330382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Comparison between and among three amine reclaiming methods

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目热回收离子交换电渗析参考文献
操作温度120~140 ℃40~60 ℃40~60 ℃[19-20]
废液产生情况少量浓缩废液,具有危害性大量水性废液中等量水性废液,无危害[19,21-22]
化学药剂使用NaOHNaOH和H2SO4(用于树脂再生)NaOH[19,23]
能耗中等[19,24]
胺的总体回收率85%~95%99%98%[19,25]
优势技术成熟,工艺简单选择性高,操作灵活连续操作,化学试剂用量低[19,26]
劣势能耗高,可能导致胺的热降解树脂成本高,容量有限,需频繁再生初始投资高,对膜的稳定性要求高[19]
), ArticleFig(id=1236390486559216463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

3种胺液回收方法对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目热回收离子交换电渗析参考文献
操作温度120~140 ℃40~60 ℃40~60 ℃[19-20]
废液产生情况少量浓缩废液,具有危害性大量水性废液中等量水性废液,无危害[19,21-22]
化学药剂使用NaOHNaOH和H2SO4(用于树脂再生)NaOH[19,23]
能耗中等[19,24]
胺的总体回收率85%~95%99%98%[19,25]
优势技术成熟,工艺简单选择性高,操作灵活连续操作,化学试剂用量低[19,26]
劣势能耗高,可能导致胺的热降解树脂成本高,容量有限,需频繁再生初始投资高,对膜的稳定性要求高[19]
), ArticleFig(id=1236390486668268374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Comparison of commercialized technology for ion exchange amine reclaiming process

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目技术名称
HSSXAmiPur
公司MPR Services Inc.(美国)Eco-Tec Inc.(加拿大)
核心技术专利Versalt树脂Recoflo离子交换
树脂再生方式使用NaOH溶液使用专有再生剂
优化工艺CCARAmiPur-CCS
性能数据未公开未公开
), ArticleFig(id=1236390486768931670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

离子交换胺回收工艺商业化技术对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目技术名称
HSSXAmiPur
公司MPR Services Inc.(美国)Eco-Tec Inc.(加拿大)
核心技术专利Versalt树脂Recoflo离子交换
树脂再生方式使用NaOH溶液使用专有再生剂
优化工艺CCARAmiPur-CCS
性能数据未公开未公开
), ArticleFig(id=1236390486886372187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

The amine recovery performance of electrodialysis recovery devices used in industrial applications in recent years

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
应用场景装置特点HSS脱除率胺损失率单位能耗参考文献
用于脱硫的有机胺液双极膜膜堆BP-C-A5.4 kW·h/kg PZ,
1.49 kW·h/kg MEA,
1.25 kW·h/kg DEA,
0.97 kW·h/kg DMEA
[51]
天然气净化的MDEA溶液(41.47%)C-A膜堆83.30%,42 d3.23%0.015 5 kW·h/LMDEA[52]
美国中西部炼油厂含胺废液UCARSEP
C-A膜堆
66.70%,12 d[35]
用于脱硫的MDEA溶液(35.00%)C-A膜堆64.40%,480 min0.450 W·h/LMDEA[46]
C-A-A膜堆90.00%,100 min19.50%0.308 W·h/L MDEA
MEAHCl浓缩生产MEA(0.50%~5.00%)C-A膜堆0.35 kW·h/kg MEA[48]
HSS +MEA模化物溶液(30.00%)两段C-A膜堆装置65.00%,150 min18.30%~75 kW·h /kg HSS[11]
用于脱硫的MDEA溶液(21.06%)C-A膜堆65.27%,60 min21.07%0.056 2 kW·h/L MDEA[9]
C-A-A膜堆85.96%,60 min~3.00%0.066 6 kW·h/L MDEA
耦合树脂的C-A-A膜堆93.84%,60 min3.78%0.071 7 kW·h/L MDEA
含甲酸根的MEA溶液(10.00%)BP-A膜堆77.52%1.68%280.32 kJ/mol HCOO[47]
热电厂H2S脱硫塔废胺液(20.38%)C-A膜堆76.38%34.50%0.039 4 kW·h/kg MDEA[49]
海螺水泥厂碳捕集装置AEA复合胺溶液(25.00%)C-A膜堆98.00%,75 h<1.00%
), ArticleFig(id=1236390486999618400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345971932713503, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

近年来工业应用的电渗析回收装置的胺回收性能

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
应用场景装置特点HSS脱除率胺损失率单位能耗参考文献
用于脱硫的有机胺液双极膜膜堆BP-C-A5.4 kW·h/kg PZ,
1.49 kW·h/kg MEA,
1.25 kW·h/kg DEA,
0.97 kW·h/kg DMEA
[51]
天然气净化的MDEA溶液(41.47%)C-A膜堆83.30%,42 d3.23%0.015 5 kW·h/LMDEA[52]
美国中西部炼油厂含胺废液UCARSEP
C-A膜堆
66.70%,12 d[35]
用于脱硫的MDEA溶液(35.00%)C-A膜堆64.40%,480 min0.450 W·h/LMDEA[46]
C-A-A膜堆90.00%,100 min19.50%0.308 W·h/L MDEA
MEAHCl浓缩生产MEA(0.50%~5.00%)C-A膜堆0.35 kW·h/kg MEA[48]
HSS +MEA模化物溶液(30.00%)两段C-A膜堆装置65.00%,150 min18.30%~75 kW·h /kg HSS[11]
用于脱硫的MDEA溶液(21.06%)C-A膜堆65.27%,60 min21.07%0.056 2 kW·h/L MDEA[9]
C-A-A膜堆85.96%,60 min~3.00%0.066 6 kW·h/L MDEA
耦合树脂的C-A-A膜堆93.84%,60 min3.78%0.071 7 kW·h/L MDEA
含甲酸根的MEA溶液(10.00%)BP-A膜堆77.52%1.68%280.32 kJ/mol HCOO[47]
热电厂H2S脱硫塔废胺液(20.38%)C-A膜堆76.38%34.50%0.039 4 kW·h/kg MDEA[49]
海螺水泥厂碳捕集装置AEA复合胺溶液(25.00%)C-A膜堆98.00%,75 h<1.00%
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1210938006006558725, delFlag=0, nameCn=热力发电, nameEn=Thermal Power Generation, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1002-3364, eissn=null, cn=61-1111/TM, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=YWgAUXbKXZzTw3c+kJbAIA==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Thermal Power Generation, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1766639718774, updatedTime=1766640759031, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=T, firstLetterEn=T, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=YWgAUXbKXZzTw3c+kJbAIA==, picEn=jfJjUlYAGfUZwuOMQZ6AHQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1210942369256575009, language=CN, name=热力发电, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1766640759052, updatedTime=1766640759052, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1210942369315295266, language=EN, name=Thermal Power Generation, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1766640759066, updatedTime=1766640759066, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1210938733613449225, websiteList=[Website(id=1210941118787744741, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1210938733613449225, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN, language=CN, createTime=1766640460918, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1766640511525, updateBy=18614031015, name=热力发电-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=热力发电, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1210944690380214659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1766641312451, updateTime=1766641312451, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690359243136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1766641312446, updateTime=1766641312446, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690401186182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641312456, updateTime=1766641312456, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690346660223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/file/pic?fileId=ToFA0Lu4b/CNocENDvNjHA==, createTime=1766641312443, updateTime=1766641312443, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690409574792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641312458, updateTime=1766641312458, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690371826050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/file/pic, createTime=1766641312449, updateTime=1766641312449, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690405380487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641312457, updateTime=1766641312457, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690367631745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1766641312448, updateTime=1766641312448, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690388603268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1766641312453, updateTime=1766641312453, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690392797573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1766641312454, updateTime=1766641312454, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1210941118926156777, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1210938733613449225, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN, language=EN, createTime=1766640460950, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1766640598724, updateBy=18614031015, name=热力发电-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Thermal Power Generation, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1210944709317489283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1766641316966, updateTime=1766641316966, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709296517760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1766641316961, updateTime=1766641316961, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709334266502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641316970, updateTime=1766641316970, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709288129151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/file/pic?fileId=ToFA0Lu4b/CNocENDvNjHA==, createTime=1766641316959, updateTime=1766641316959, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709346849416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641316973, updateTime=1766641316973, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709309100674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/file/pic, createTime=1766641316964, updateTime=1766641316964, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709338460807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641316971, updateTime=1766641316971, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709300712065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1766641316962, updateTime=1766641316962, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709321683588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1766641316967, updateTime=1766641316967, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709330072197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1766641316969, updateTime=1766641316969, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=热力发电, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Thermal Power Generation, journalPhotoCn=YWgAUXbKXZzTw3c+kJbAIA==, journalPhotoEn=jfJjUlYAGfUZwuOMQZ6AHQ==, journalFirstLetter=T, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202502048, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202502048, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/PDF/10.19666/j.rlfd.202502048, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/PDF/10.19666/j.rlfd.202502048, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
电渗析用于燃烧后二氧化碳捕集的胺回收技术研究进展
收藏切换
PDF下载
黄艳 1 , 胡治平 1 , 王玉玮 2 , 刘培军 1 , 李水飞 1 , 胡昔鸣 2 , 杨林 1 , 方梦祥 2
热力发电 | 碳捕集技术创新与工艺优化 2025,54(6): 79-89
收起
收藏切换
热力发电 | 碳捕集技术创新与工艺优化 2025, 54(6): 79-89
电渗析用于燃烧后二氧化碳捕集的胺回收技术研究进展
全屏
黄艳1 , 胡治平1, 王玉玮2, 刘培军1, 李水飞1, 胡昔鸣2, 杨林1, 方梦祥2
作者信息
  • 1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319
  • 2.浙江大学能源工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027
  • 黄艳(1977),女,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事燃煤电厂生产与科技创新管理、CCUS研发等,

通讯作者:

方梦祥(1965),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为化学吸收法二氧化碳捕集技术,
Advances in electrodialysis technologies for amine reclaiming in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture
Yan HUANG1 , Zhiping HU1, Yuwei WANG2, Peijun LIU1, Shuifei LI1, Ximing HU2, Lin YANG1, Mengxiang FANG2
Affiliations
  • 1.Guoneng Jinjie Power Plant, Yulin 719319, China
  • 2.College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
出版时间: 2025-06-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202502048
文章导航
收藏切换

燃烧后CO2捕集过程中,有机胺吸收剂易降解生成中性降解产物及热稳定盐(heat stable salt,HSS)。电渗析(electrodialysis,ED)技术作为一种常温常压下高效脱除HSS的方法,在胺回收领域具有广阔的应用前景。系统综述了电渗析用于有机胺回收的研究进展,包括不同电渗析装置的构型特点、关键工艺参数(电压、电流密度、初始HSS浓度、CO2负荷等)对脱除效率、胺损失与能耗的影响机制。重点总结了多段膜堆、电渗析与树脂或双极膜耦合等工艺优化策略,并对不同应用场景下电渗析装置的工业运行性能进行了比较分析。最后,针对膜材料稳定性、能耗与成本控制等挑战,提出了未来电渗析在CO2捕集胺回收领域的发展方向。

降解产物  /  热稳定盐  /  电渗析  /  胺回收  /  HSS脱除  /  胺损失

In post-combustion CO2 capture, organic amine absorbents are prone to degradation, forming heat-stable salts (HSS) that impair absorption performance and accelerate equipment corrosion. Electrodialysis (ED), operating under ambient conditions with high HSS removal efficiency, has emerged as a promising technology for amine recovery. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in ED for amine solvent recovery, covering the configurations of different ED systems and the mechanisms by which key process parameters (voltage, current density, initial HSS concentration, CO2 loading, etc.) affect removal efficiency, amine loss, and energy consumption. It highlights process optimization strategies such as multi-stage membrane stacks and ED coupling with resins or bipolar membranes, and compares industrial performance data across different applications. Finally, challenges related to membrane stability, energy consumption, and cost control are discussed, with perspectives on future development directions for ED-based amine recovery in carbon capture systems.

degradation products  /  heat stable salt  /  electrodialysis  /  amine reclaiming  /  HSS removal  /  amine loss
黄艳, 胡治平, 王玉玮, 刘培军, 李水飞, 胡昔鸣, 杨林, 方梦祥. 电渗析用于燃烧后二氧化碳捕集的胺回收技术研究进展. 热力发电, 2025 , 54 (6) : 79 -89 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202502048
Yan HUANG, Zhiping HU, Yuwei WANG, Peijun LIU, Shuifei LI, Ximing HU, Lin YANG, Mengxiang FANG. Advances in electrodialysis technologies for amine reclaiming in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2025 , 54 (6) : 79 -89 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202502048
根据国际能源署(international energy agency,IEA)的报告,截至2018年,全球CO2总排放量相比1990年增长了63.35%,2023年全球碳排放增量中煤炭占比达到70%[1]。根据联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(intergovernmental panel on climate change,IPCC)在2014年的报告,碳捕集和储存技术(carbon capture and storage,CCS)将在实现控制全球变暖目标方面发挥重要作用[2]。其中,以一乙醇胺(MEA)、二乙醇胺(DEA)、甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)、2-氨基-2-甲基-I-丙醇(AMP)、哌嗪(PZ)等有机胺溶液为基础的化学吸收法CO2捕集技术因其高捕集效率(>90%)成为燃煤电厂脱碳的核心路径[3]
在典型的CO2捕集工艺中,有机胺吸收剂利用与CO2的可逆反应(式(1))生成氨基甲酸根和质子化胺实现CO2捕集。然而,烟气中的O2、SO2等活性氧化组分引发胺溶剂的不可逆降解,生成一系列降解产物[4]
2R-NH2+CO2R-NHCOO+R-NH3+
根据在溶液中是否为电中性,可将胺降解产物分为中性降解产物及热稳定盐(heat stable salt,HSS):中性产物包括酰胺、有机酸、咪唑、哌嗪、羟乙基乙二胺、尿素等有机物;而HSS是由胺及其酸性降解产物和杂质(如有机酸和盐酸)反应形成的盐,主要有甲酸、乙酸、乙醇酸、草酸、硫酸盐等,在解吸塔中无法再生。
以MEA为例,有机胺的典型降解路径如下:
1)胺分子与NH3或水发生置换并被烟气中的O2氧化成醛,醛能进一步氧化成羧酸,由MEA氧化降解形成的有机酸包括甲酸、乙酸和乙醇酸[5],这些酸进一步和胺反应生成HSS。
2)在130 ℃左右的解吸塔中,氨基甲酸根易环化生成恶唑烷酮,恶唑烷酮进一步和MEA反应生成咪唑烷酮和乙二胺。
3)烟气中存在的酸性气体SOx和NOx可与MEA反应生成硫酸盐和硝酸盐等HSS[6]
由于烟气成分及吸收剂组成不同,不同烟气CO2捕集装置运行后HSS的生成和积累速率也有一定差别,表1给出了不同CCS装置运行数据中的HSS质量浓度水平。德国海尔布隆某燃烧后CO2捕集装置中,30%(质量分数,下同)MEA溶液在系统循环运行400、535、972 h后,吸收剂中HSS的质量浓度分别为0.78、1.07、2.27 g/L[7],运行535 h后不同HSS阴离子的质量浓度见表2[7]
试验表明,CO2化学吸收工艺中胺损失率为1.6~3.1 kg MEA(以每吨CO2计),其中降解造成的损失占35%左右[14]。降解产物,尤其是HSS阴离子(HSS)在吸收剂中的积累,不仅导致吸收剂中有机胺的损失,更会引发一系列运行问题:1)降低吸收剂对CO2的吸收能力,使系统整体性能恶化;2)黏度增加,传质效率下降,导致溶剂循环成本增加;3)HSS对设备的腐蚀;4)溶液发泡降低气液比表面积。
不同文献中报道的吸收剂HSS含量限值也不同。Bacon等人提出,吸收剂中的HSS水平应低于胺浓度的10%(例如,30%MEA最多包含3%的HSS),但总浓度应控制在3%以下[15]。Rooney等人认为,CCS工业系统中HSS最大允许质量分数为0.5%(5 000 mg/L),而装置稳定运行的最佳HSS质量浓度应小于500 mg/L[16]。此外,为了将吸收剂对设备的腐蚀速率保持在10密耳/年(即0.254 mm/a)以下,氯化物和草酸盐的质量浓度水平应控制在250 mg/L以下,甲酸盐和硫酸盐的质量浓度上限为500 mg/L[17]。故脱除HSS盐、实现有机胺吸收剂回收利用,对于保证整个CCS系统长期稳定运行具有重大意义。
传统的吸收剂管理策略如碱中和等方法,仅实现胺盐向无机盐的相转移,未能根除HSS,且引入外源性Na+/K+等离子杂质,导致溶液腐蚀速率升高。因此,通过物化分离技术直接脱除HSS及降解产物,成为保障胺液长期稳定运行的核心路径[18]
工业胺回收技术主要包括热回收、离子交换及电渗析法,表3对比了3种技术的有机胺回收性能。其中,电渗析技术通过离子交换膜的选择性渗透与电场驱动,可在常温常压下实现HSS的高效脱除,是最具前景的回收有机胺吸收剂的方法之一。
热回收工艺流程如图1所示。该技术通过引入碱液中和HSS,在120~140 ℃下实现胺-HSS盐的相分离[19]。蒸馏得到的净化胺液冷凝回收,降解产物在回收罐底部堆积。回收液的胺浓度受两方面限制,一是需保持回收温度低于胺液的热降解温度,二是避免溶液中的盐结晶造成结垢[27]。根据胺液的热降解温度差异,热回收装置可分为常压、解吸塔压力和真空。对于低沸点胺,如MEA等,蒸馏温度一般在148 ℃,在解吸塔压力下运行可以最大限度减少热降解[22]。而对于高沸点胺,如DEA、二异丙醇胺(DIPA)等,采用真空回收可有效避免热降解,典型操作条件为低于148 ℃,6.66~13.33 kPa[28]
然而,热回收工艺中产生的有毒有害废料限制了该技术在燃烧后CO2捕集装置中的大规模应用。此外,热回收技术的能耗较高,根据IEA报告,某CO2化学吸收装置参考案例中,热回收相关的能耗约为0.3 GJ(以每吨CO2计),几乎占整个碳捕集系统总热耗的10%[29]
离子交换回收工艺如图2所示。离子交换发生在液体(胺液)和固体(含氢氧树脂的强碱树脂)之间,典型的离子交换过程包括交换过程(式(2))和再生过程(式(3))。交换过程用于去除溶液中的离子污染物;再生过程中,用OH取代树脂中的HSS阴离子,从而实现树脂的循环利用并将HSS转化为钠盐形式。然而,离子交换树脂无法去除不带电的中性降解产物。
Amine H++ HSS+ Resin+OH Amine + H2+ Resin+HSS
Resin+HSS+ NaOH  Resin+ OH+ Na+HSS
离子交换工艺具有能耗低、化学品消耗少及HSS脱除率高(达99%)的优势[30],但其实际工程应用存在诸多挑战。该工艺仅适用于低HSS浓度的胺液,且再生过程会产生大量废液和胺损失[31]。由于树脂在高温下易发生热降解,胺液必须降至45 ℃以下进行离子交换,因此相关设备通常设置于贫液冷却器下游[32]
典型的阴离子树脂是由苯乙烯和二乙烯基苯组成的共聚物,但大多数此类树脂难以耐受有机胺溶液的强碱性。相比之下,胺化后的强碱阴离子(SBA),尤其是II型SBA树脂更易通过NaOH再生[27]。在CCS工业应用中,有机物、悬浮颗粒和氧化铁等污染物会导致树脂降解,从而需要定期清洗和更换。Cummings等人研究发现,离子交换技术可将每摩尔HSS阴离子的NaOH消耗量从9~40 mol降低至约1 mol,用水量也降至原来的2/3~1/5,但在胺回收过程中,溶液中的CO32–和HCO3与HSS-的竞争依然会减弱HSS-的去除效果[31]
MPR Services Inc.和Eco-Tec Inc.是将离子交换胺回收技术商业化应用的代表公司(表4),2家公司在已有技术的基础上,均提出了更适用于CCS系统胺液进化的工业,但目前尚无相关性能或测试数据的公开报告[22]
电渗析装置利用阴阳离子交换膜和电场作用,将溶液中的阴离子定向迁移到另一室,从而去除目标离子。作为海水淡化技术的一种,电渗析自20世纪50年代以来在海水淡化行业获得了广泛应用[33],并于20世纪90年代初由陶氏化学首次应用于有机胺吸收剂中HSS的去除[34]
图3为电渗析胺回收过程原理示意。商用电渗析装置常由数百个堆叠膜组组成,施加电压后正、负离子分别向相反电极移动,通过离子交换膜实现离子分离[28],最终在浓缩室中收集。与离子交换工艺类似,电渗析仅能去除HSS,而中性胺降解产物则无法被移除,部分氨基甲酸酯阴离子和质子化胺也可能因迁移而损失。
由于离子交换膜不耐高温,电渗析处理胺液的进料温度应控制在40 ℃左右,通常设置在贫液冷却器下游,必要时辅以额外冷却;同时,上游常采用NaOH中和和机械过滤,但这一过程可能导致胺液损失。溶解铁、碳氢化合物及悬浮固体的存在易使膜表面污染,增加阻力,降低工艺效率[27]。一般而言,阴离子交换膜和阳离子交换膜的使用寿命分别可达10年和15年,但大多数膜设计适用于pH值约9的环境,这可能对pH值为9~11的贫液带来挑战。
陶氏化学公司的UCARSEP ED工艺,采用了如图3所示的传统C-A膜堆构型,已商业化超过20年[35]。同离子交换和真空蒸馏方法相比较,UCARSEP ED技术在经济性和可操作性上均更具优势,同时避免了过多的化学品消耗和危险废料处理问题[19]。Vitse等人采用UCARSEP ED回收装置对AAP南查尔斯顿烟气脱碳装置的吸收剂进行了回收净化,将HSS质量分数降低至0.5%以下,确保了系统的性能和高捕集率[10]
而ElectroSep技术公司开发的工艺则将碱添加至ED堆栈内,如图4所示,由传统的C-A膜堆调整为C-A-A膜堆,据报道这可减少胺的损失,总体回收率高达99.5%[36]
目前,电渗析技术已成功应用于炼油厂中胺溶液的HSS脱除,并表现出良好的经济性和操作性,但在CO2化学吸收剂净化中的研究主要集中在实验室规模,缺乏大规模工业应用的数据支持。
近年来,除传统的热回收、离子交换和电渗析技术外,萃取法和电磁机械除盐(EMSR)等新型胺回收方法也受到关注。
萃取法利用有机相萃取剂从胺溶液中去除HSS,具有低能耗的优势。研究表明,三辛基胺(TOA)与辛醇组成的反应萃取体系在MEA溶液中对HSS具有较高的萃取效率[37]。进一步地,混合萃取剂如TOA与OH-Aliquat 336的组合,对HSS和中性降解产物的萃取效率可达90%。此外,OH-Aliquat 336与2-乙基己醇的混合体系在不同浓度和种类的有机胺吸收剂中均表现出良好的HSS脱除效果。高温和低CO2负荷有利于最大限度地提高萃取剂的萃取能力,萃取剂在使用NaOH溶液再生后可重复使用[38]
EMSR技术结合磁场和电场的作用,使溶液中带电的HSS离子在洛伦兹力的作用下发生偏转,从而实现分离[39]。Zain等人开发的矩形装置在施加1 T磁场后,分离效率从3.2%提高至7.8%,能耗仅为0.006 W·h/L[40]。Hai等人设计的同心流装置在最佳操作条件下脱除效率达15%,能耗仅为0.003 W·h/L[8]。然而,目前EMSR技术仍处于实验室研究阶段,尚未实现工业化应用。
综上,热回收法适用于MEA等在蒸馏所需温度下具有足够挥发性和稳定性的胺。对于高沸点胺,蒸馏使胺暴露在高温下,因此,可能导致进一步的溶剂降解,并增加能耗。相比之下,离子交换和电渗析不需要高温,因此降低了进一步热降解的可能性。然而,这2种方法不能去除非离子污染物。
离子交换法十分适用于低HSS浓度胺液的回收。电渗析在化学品消耗和水耗方面优于离子交换。然而,目前制造耐高pH和有机胺的选择性膜的成本较高,一定程度上限制了电渗析技术的工业化应用。目前针对CO2有机胺化学吸收剂的电渗析净化回收的研究较少。
目前,对于电渗析胺回收的已有研究主要集中于CO2负荷、离子浓度、电极电压等影响因素对胺回收效果的作用机制以及对电渗析装置应用于CO2有机胺回收场景的工艺优化两方面。
评估电渗析胺回收工艺的性能参数,主要包括HSS脱除率、胺损失率、单位能耗等。其中HSS脱除率η(%)是最重要的参数,计算公式为:
η=ΔCiCi,0×100%=Ci,0Ci,tCi,0×100%
式中:Ci,0Ci,t分别为初始时刻、t时刻胺液中单种HSS的质量浓度,mg/L。
电渗析过程中胺损失率β(%)的计算公式:
β=Cd,0(amine)Cd,t(amine)Cd,0(amine)×100%
式中:Cd,0(amine)、Cd,t(amine)分别为初始时刻、t时刻物料液的胺质量分数,%。
单位能耗E(kW·h/kg)根据式(6)计算:
E=UIdt(Ci,0Ci,t)V
式中:U为电渗析膜堆两侧电压降,V;I为电流,A;V为循环胺液体积,L。
有机胺吸收剂的电渗析回收过程中,HSS脱除率、胺损失率及能耗等关键性能参数受到很多因素的共同影响,其中针对初始HSS浓度和HSS种类、电压和电流密度、料液流量和胺浓度、CO2负荷等因素的作用机制研究较多。
HSS的初始浓度对电渗析脱除效果具有显著影响。较高的HSS浓度通常对应更高的溶液电导率,从而增强离子的迁移速率,提高膜堆的传质效率。研究表明[28],当HSS浓度较低时,离子迁移效率降低,进而影响HSS的脱除率。此外,低浓度条件下,水的电解可能生成OH和H3O+,引发副反应,降低整体分离效率。因此,为优化电渗析过程性能,建议将HSS初始浓度控制在适中的范围(通常为0.05~0.50 mol/L),并采用较低的电流密度操作,以降低低浓度对脱除效果的不利影响[41]。这种策略有助于在保证脱除效率的同时,降低能耗并延长膜的使用寿命[42]
Bazhenov等人[7]认为,有机胺吸收剂中不同HSS离子的迁移率受带电荷的形式,即酸离解常数pKa的影响。如图5a)所示,硝酸根的pKa值较小,故其脱除率高;而硫酸根由于其双电荷和较大的离子半径,导致迁移受阻[43]。Grushevenko等人[25]进一步研究发现,不同HSS阴离子的迁移主要受所带电荷的影响,其次是酸离解常数pKa,如图5b)所示,在常见的HSS阴离子中,NO3(无机强酸,pKa=-1.64)在膜内具有较高的迁移率,这是由于其在溶液中以完全解离形式存在,在膜内具有较高的流动性。相比之下,SO42–(pKa1=-3,pKa2=1.9)和C2O42–(pKa1=1.25,pKa2=4.27)的迁移率较低,脱除效率甚至低于甲酸根(pKa=3.75)和乙酸根(pKa=4.76),这主要归因于高电荷离子在离子交换膜中具有更大的保留率。此外,不同HSS离子溶剂化壳的大小也会影响膜内离子的迁移率,如NO3和SO42–的溶剂化壳层分别为0.349 nm和0.380 nm。
图5中HSS阴离子脱除顺序的研究结论存在差异,这主要与两者实验条件不同有关:Bazhenov等人的实验在较高HSS浓度下进行,溶液电导率较高,更有利于强酸阴离子的迁移,而Grushevenko等人的实验条件下HSS浓度较低,电导率有限,因此更突出离子电荷和溶剂化壳层对迁移率的影响。
电压和电流密度是电渗析过程的核心调控参数。实验表明[44-45],当电流密度超过临界值时,浓差极化导致膜面析盐,系统电阻增加。推荐小试装置的运行电压范围通常在15 V以下,应根据溶液的初始电导率和膜堆设计选择适当电压,以兼顾效率和能耗。电流密度直接决定离子跨膜迁移速率和能量利用效率。通常,适宜的电流密度为10~25 mA/cm2,这不仅可以保证较高的HSS脱除率,还能在胺损失率和能耗之间达到平衡。在较低HSS浓度或低电导率条件下,电流密度需要适当降低,以减少水解反应和无关离子的迁移对系统效率的影响[44-45]
Meng等人[46]、沈怡君等[47]研究了外加电压对于HSS脱除率的影响,结果如图6所示。随着施加电压的增加,HSS可以更快地被去除,从而在较短时间内完成回收。但过高的电压可能导致膜污染严重和浓度极化。沈怡君等[47]采用二隔室双极膜电渗析设备对甲酸根质量浓度为5 g/L的10%MEA溶液进行回收,料液流量25 L/h,进一步研究了电压对单位能耗和电流效率的影响,发现电压升高有助于加速HSS阴离子(如甲酸根)的透过,提高脱除效率,但接近极限电压后效率增速趋缓,无关离子的迁移比例上升(如钠离子和质子化的MEA),如图7所示,导致单位能耗增加、电流效率降低。
Groot等人[48]利用C-A膜堆四隔室电渗析装置探究了电流密度对电渗析过程中离子跨膜输运的影响,结果如图8所示。由图8可以看出,电流密度较低时,水的扩散通量与MEA·HCl的电渗流传输通量之比较大,电流效率较低,而过高的电流密度会导致能耗增加,因此存在一个最佳电流密度(500 A/m2)使电流效率最高。Lim等人[42]也发现MEA溶液的低电导性增强了水解反应,导致在任何给定电流密度下,MEA溶液中HSS的迁移率比水溶液中的低,电流效率降低,如图9所示。虽然脱除率随电流密度的增加而增加,但电流效率下降。因此在盐浓度较低时需限制电流密度以减少水解反应。
Wang等人[49]采用电渗析装置对废胺液进行了HSS脱除,结果如图10所示。由图10可以看出,在5~25 mA/cm2电流密度范围内,HSS脱除率保持相对稳定,但胺损失率变化较大。主要机制有2个,一是浓梯度渗透,另一个是电渗透。一方面,由于浓缩室中胺的初始浓度几乎为零,浓缩室与稀释室之间存在浓度梯度,导致胺分子不可避免地从稀释室向浓缩室扩散。这种浓度梯度渗透作用与时间有关,为减少这种分子扩散,最好在高电流密度下进行以缩短实验时间。另一方面,烷醇胺含有一个氨基,在水溶液中部分离解,带正电的质子化胺在电渗析过程中会发生迁移,这种损耗在高电流密度时更明显。在25 mA/cm2的电流密度下,实验后总胺浓度最低。能耗随电流密度的增加而急剧增加,这是因为随电流密度增加,所有膜的离子选择性降低,总电能的很大一部分被用来克服电阻,电流效率降低[50]。综合考虑HSS脱除率、胺损失和能耗,电流密度为15 mA/cm2是最佳操作参数。
电渗析回收有机胺溶液的效率受胺种类和CO2负荷的影响较显著。不同种类的有机胺因分子结构和理化性质的差异,在电渗析过程中表现出不同的传质行为与回收性能。胺的影响规律可概括为[51]
1)离子大小和传质速率 胺分子较大时,其质子化离子的迁移速度减慢,导致脱除效率降低。
2)离子浓度与碱解离常数(pKb) pKb值较低的胺更容易质子化,形成较高浓度的带电离子,有助于提升传质速率。
3)Donnan渗析效应 电极液中的Na+与质子化胺离子存在竞争关系,可能降低胺的传输效率。
4)离子取向和形态 胺质子化离子的结构特性决定了其在膜中的迁移方向和效率。
5)胺与膜的相互作用 可通过溶解度参数进行评估,溶解性较好的胺分子在膜中传输效率较高。
CO2负荷是影响胺回收性能的另一个重要因素。CO2与有机胺反应形成的氨基甲酸根(RNHCOO)和质子化胺离子(RNH3+)会改变溶液的离子组成,从而影响电渗析过程效率和能耗。
Bazhenov等人[7]认为,由于氨基甲酸根离子和MEAH+的迁移,一定的CO2负荷会造成胺损失,而大体积反离子[MEAH]+的传输限制了电渗析中HSS阴离子的迁移,造成脱除率下降,如图11图12所示[25,37]。Grushevenko等人[25]的后续研究也证明了这一结论。不同CO2负荷的30%MEA溶液60 min的电渗析脱除实验结果表明,随着CO2负荷从每摩尔MEA的0.2 mol下降到0,HSS脱除率逐渐增大,胺损失和能耗均下降,这是由于MEA溶液与CO2相互作用形成的氨基甲酸根离子总浓度下降,与HSS阴离子的竞争减小。然而,实际应用中,贫液CO2负荷降至0需要额外的再生能耗,综合估算下0.1 mol/mol的贫液负荷下的总能耗达到最低。
近年来工业应用的电渗析回收装置的胺回收性能数据如表5所示。由表5可以发现,不同应用场景、装置及膜堆构型、物料浓度下,电渗析回收装置的运行性能差异较大。目前,电渗析胺回收的应用场景主要为脱硫的有机胺吸收剂而非脱碳,因此针对脱碳胺液的研究较少。电渗析装置的HSS脱除率基本能达到60%以上,胺损失率在3%~35%不等,单位能耗相差较大。
近年来,针对电渗析的工艺优化研究较多,主要集中于对膜堆构型的改造以及其他技术的耦合。
Meng等人[46]对比了C-A双室电渗析和C-A-A三室电渗析2种装置对35%MDEA的回收效果,发现双室电渗析的HSS去除率最高仅为64.4%,能耗为0.45 W·h/L,而三室电渗析的HSS去除率在100 min时就达到了90%,能耗仅为0.308 W·h/L,且通过在浓缩室中加入5%的MDEA,三室电渗析的胺损失率从19.5%降至9.0%。
Bazhenov等人[11]将2个C-A膜堆的电渗析装置耦合在一起,形成如图13所示的两段电渗析装置,对一段电渗析装置的浓缩室废液进行进一步浓缩以获得额外的稀释液,从而降低有机胺损失。根据实验结果,在保证HSS脱除率的前提下,该装置的胺损失率降低了30%,浓缩废液减少了50%,大大降低了废液处理造成的环境负荷。
双极膜电渗析(bipolar membrane electro-dialysis,BMED)技术采用双极膜(由1张阳膜和1张阴膜复合制成),在直流电场的作用下,双极膜层间的H2O解离成H+和OH。沈怡君等[47]采用如图14所示的BP-A二隔室双极膜电渗析设备对含有甲酸根的10%乙醇胺溶液进行再生。在电场作用下,双极膜内水解离出氢氧根离子,溶液中电离出质子化胺,二者重新生成自由的有机胺,从而继续用于捕集CO2;HSS盐中的酸根离子与双极膜解离出的氢离子生成有机酸,以此实现有机酸根离子的脱除和胺的再生,过程中无需外加碱,无需引入杂质离子。黄川徽等[53]采用4种双极膜膜堆(BP-A、BP-C、BP-C-A、BP-C-C)对哌嗪的硫酸盐进行再生,结果表明,常规电渗析具有较高的哌嗪产量和电流效率,以及较低的能耗,但双极膜电渗析的过程成本降低了15.8%,且没有二次污染问题。浙江大学[54]采用C-A和BP-A膜堆耦合的两段电渗析工艺,大大降低了胺损失率,通过对一段C-A膜堆电渗析产生的浓缩液去CO2负荷处理后,进行二段BP-A膜堆回收,几乎不产生胺损失以及额外的废液。但双极膜的价格为普通离子膜的10倍左右,且在高浓度盐溶液中易电解水中的其他物质,大大限制了将BMED大规模工业化应用于醇胺溶液的回收领域[55]。Hosseini等人[56]进一步对浙江大学的BPED+ED两段电渗析工艺的投资成本和维护成本进行了计算,结果均比传统电渗析高约69%。
Chen等[9,57]构建了如图15所示的树脂耦合电渗析(resin coupled three-compartment electrodialysis,RTED)脱除MDEA废液中HSS盐的装置,膜堆构型为C-A-A,且在淡化室中填充阴离子交换树脂。实验结果表明,RTED在60 min内的HSS去除率为93.84%,而传统C-A膜堆电渗析装置的脱除率仅为65.27%,这是由于在RTED装置中,NaOH室中的OH不断迁移到淡化室,树脂可以增强淡化室中转移电流的能力,使淡化室保持较高的离子浓度和电流密度。此外,由于淡化室两边均为阴离子交换膜,抑制了MDEAH+的迁移,因此RTED的胺损耗率大大降低,仅为3.78%(传统电渗析为21.07%)。
燃烧后CO2捕集过程中,有机胺吸收剂易与烟气杂质反应生成HSS,导致吸收性能下降、设备腐蚀及系统不稳定。现有替代和中和措施难以长期解决该问题,因此回收技术尤为关键。
电渗析作为HSS脱除的有效手段,兼具低能耗、连续运行等优势,已成为最具潜力的胺回收技术之一。当前研究主要集中在操作参数影响机制及工艺结构优化方面,初步验证了其可行性与效率。但总体来看,电渗析胺回收仍面临膜材料稳定性、系统放大应用及运行成本控制等挑战。未来应加强膜性能提升与系统集成优化,推动其在碳捕集工业中的规模化应用,助力CCS技术的高效、可持续发展。
  • CCUS化学吸收系统胺基化学吸收剂电渗析回收和再生技术研发项目(CEZB240005324)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
IEA. Global energy-related carbon dioxide emissions by source, 1990-2018[R/OL]. (2019-03-26) [2025-02-27]. https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-energy-related-carbon-dioxide-emissions-by-source-1990-2018.
[2]
IPCC. Climate change 2014: mitigation of climate change-working group III contribution to the fifth assessment of the intergovernmental panel on climate change[R]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014: 1454-1454.
[3]
PIRES J C M, MARTINS F G, ALVIM-FERRAZ M C M, et al. Recent developments on carbon capture and storage: an overview[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2011, 89(9): 1446-1460.
[4]
LEPAUMIER H, PICQ D, CARRETTE P L. New amines for CO2 capture. I. mechanisms of amine degra-dation in the presence of CO2[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2009, 48(20): 9061-9067.
[5]
GOFF G S, ROCHELLE G T. Monoethanolamine degradation: O2 mass transfer effects under CO2 capture conditions[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2004, 43(20): 6400-6408.
[6]
SUPAP T, IDEM R, TONTIWACHWUTHIKUL P, et al. Kinetics of sulfur dioxide- and oxygen-induced degradation of aqueous monoethanolamine solution during CO2 absorption from power plant flue gas streams[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2009, 3(2): 133-142.
[7]
BAZHENOV S, RIEDER A, SCHALLERT B, et al. Reclaiming of degraded MEA solutions by electrodialysis: results of ED pilot campaign at post-combustion CO2 capture pilot plant[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2015, 42: 593-601.
[8]
HAI A, VENGATESAN M R, ZAIN J H, et al. Design and optimization of a concentric setup for the separation of heat stable salts from industrial lean amine solution using electromagnetic forces[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2020, 101: 103137.
[9]
CHEN F, CHI Y, ZHANG M, et al. Removal of heat stable salts from N-methyldiethanolamine wastewater by anion exchange resin coupled three-compartment electrodialysis[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2020, 242: 116777.
[10]
VITSE F, BABURAO B, DUGAS R, et al. Technology and pilot plant results of the advanced amine process[J]. Energy Procedia, 2011, 4: 5527-5533.
[11]
BAZHENOV S, VASILEVSKY V, RIEDER A, et al. Heat stable salts (HSS) removal by electrodialysis: reclaiming of MEA used in post-combustion CO2-capture[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 63: 6349-6356.
[12]
WILSON M, TONTIWACHWUTHIKUL P, CHAKMA A, et al. Test results from a CO2 extraction pilot plant at boundary dam coal-fired power station[J]. Energy, 2004, 29(9/10): 1259-1267.
[13]
KNUDSEN J N, VILHELMSEN P J, JENSEN J N, et al. First year operating experience with a 1 t/h CO2 absorption: pilot plant at Esbjerg Coal-fired Power Plant[J]. VGB PowerTech, 2007, 87(3): 57-61.
[14]
FREEMAN S A, DAVIS J, ROCHELLE G T. Degradation of aqueous piperazine in carbon dioxide capture[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2010, 4(5): 756-761.
[15]
BACON T. Amine solution quality control through design, operation and correction[J]. Laurance Reid Gas Conditioning, 1987, 1: B18.
[16]
ROONEY P C, DUPART M S, BACON T R. Effect of heat stable salts on MDEA solution corrosivity[J]. Hydrocarbon Processing, 1997, 76(4): 65-71.
[17]
VERMA N, VERMA A. Amine system problems arising from heat stable salts and solutions to improve system performance[J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 2009, 90(4): 483-489.
[18]
ARONU U E, LAURITSEN K G, GRIMSTVEDT A, et al. Impact of heat stable salts on equilibrium CO2 absorption[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 63: 1781-1794.
[19]
ELMOUDIR W, SUPAP T, SAIWAN C, et al. Part 6: Solvent recycling and reclaiming issues[J]. Carbon Management, 2012, 3(5): 485-509.
[20]
JU H. Development of a novel reclaiming process for degraded solvents and glycols from industrial gas processing and purification[D]. University of Calgary, 2018: 1-104.
[21]
WANG T, JENS K J. Oxidative degradation of AMP/MEA blends for post-combustion CO2 capture[J]. Energy Procedia, 2013, 37(1876): 306-313.
[22]
WANG T, HOVLAND J, JENS K J. Amine reclaiming technologies in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences (China). 2015, 27(C): 276-289.
[23]
SEXTON A, DOMBROWSKI K, NIELSEN P, et al. Evaluation of reclaimer sludge disposal from post-combustion CO2 capture[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 63: 926-939.
[24]
SHIROKIKH S, KALMYKOV D, MATVEEV D, et al. Reclaiming of amine CO2 solvent using extraction of heat stable salts in liquid-liquid membrane contactor[J]. Membranes, 2023, 13(2): 230.
[25]
GRUSHEVENKO E, BAZHENOV S, VASILEVSKY V, et al. Effect of carbon dioxide loading on removal of heat stable salts from amine solvent by electrodialysis[J]. Membranes, 2019, 9(11): 152.
[26]
CUMMINGS A L, SMITH G D, NELSEN D K. Advances in amine reclaiming: why there’s no excuse to operate a dirty amine system[C]//57th Annual Laurance Reid Gas Conditioning Conference. Norman, OK. 2007.
[27]
DUMÉE L, SCHOLES C, STEVENS G, et al. Purification of aqueous amine solvents used in post combustion CO2 capture: a review[J]//International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2012, 10: 443-455.
[28]
KOHL A L, NIELSEN R B. Gas purification[M]. 5th ed. Houston: Gulf Publishing Company, 1997: 900.
[29]
SANCHEZ FERNANDEZ E, GOETHEER E, JUZWICKA M, et al. Emissions of substances other than CO2 from power plants with CCS[Z/OL]. (2012-03-01) [2025-02-23]. https://ieaghg.org/publications/emissions-of-substances-other-than-co2-from-power-plants-with-ccs/.
[30]
DAVY P. Impact of continuous removal of heat stable salts on amine plant operation[C]//Proceedings of Laurance Reid Gas Conditioning Conference. 2000.
[31]
YIN J N, AN C J, ZHAO K, et al. Handling of amine-based wastewater produced during carbon capture[J]. Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters, 2019, 2(2): 57-69.
[32]
SIMISTER C, CARON F, GEDYE R. Determination of the thermal degradation rate of polystyrene-divinyl benzene ion exchange resins in ultra-pure water at ambient and service temperature[J]. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2004, 261(3): 523-531.
[33]
FEDERATION R, CHEMISTRY M. An early history of electrodialysis with permselective membranes[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 1997, 136: 35-39.
[34]
RICHARD I, GREGORY A, COHEN M F. Aqueous alkanolamines using an electrodialysis cell with an ion exchange membrane: US08/449254[P]. 1999-06-08.
[35]
BYSZEWSKI C H. Process for the removal of heat stable amine salts: US20020020625[J]. 2001-05-04.
[36]
PARISI P J, BOSEN S F. Amine reclamation with minimal operational impact through electrodialysis[C]. Laurance Reid Gas Conditioning Conference. Norman, OK, 2006: 301-315.
[37]
AKKARACHALANONT P, SAIWAN C, SUPAP T, et al. New reactive extraction based reclaiming technique for amines used in carbon dioxide capture process from industrial flue gases[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2016, 55(17): 5006-5018.
[38]
KARNWIBOON K, KRAJANGPIT W, SUPAP T, et al. Solvent extraction based reclaiming technique for the removal of heat stable salts (HSS) and neutral degradation products from amines used during the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial flue gases[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2019, 228: 115744.
[39]
ALNAIMAT F, ALHSEINAT E, BANAT F. Electro-magnetic separation of heat stable salt from gas sweetening amine[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2018, 68: 256-268.
[40]
ZAIN J H, OLADUNNI J, ABOU-KHOUSA M, et al. A novel rectangular assembly for heat stable salts removal from industrial lean amine: effect of operational parameters[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2019, 88: 85-91.
[41]
BAZHENOV S, VASILEVSKY V, RIEDER A, et al. Heat stable salts (HSS) removal by electrodialysis: reclaiming of MEA used in post-combustion CO2 capture[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 63: 6349-6356.
[42]
LIM J, AGUIAR A, SCHOLES C A, et al. Monoethanol-amine reclamation using electrodialysis[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2014, 53(49): 19313-19321.
[43]
VAN DER BRUGGEN B, KONINCKX A, VANDECASTEELE C. Separation of monovalent and divalent ions from aqueous solution by electrodialysis and nanofiltration[J]. Water Research, 2004, 38(5): 1347-1353.
[44]
ZHOU Z, LIN Y, JIN Y, et al. Removal of heat-stable salts from lean amine solution using bipolar membrane electrodialysis[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2022, 645: 120213.
[45]
SHEN J, HUANG J, LIU L, et al. The use of BMED for glyphosate recovery from glyphosate neutralization liquor in view of zero discharge[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013, 260: 660-667.
[46]
MENG H, ZHANG S, LI C, et al. Removal of heat stable salts from aqueous solutions of N-methyldiethanolamine using a specially designed three-compartment configura-tion electrodialyzer[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2008, 322(2): 436-440.
[47]
沈怡君, 汤志刚, 陈健, 等. 双极膜电渗析法脱除脱碳有机胺中热稳定性盐[J]. 膜科学与技术, 2020, 40(3): 109-116.
SHEN Yijun, TANG Zhigang, CHEN Jian, et al. Removal of heat-stable salts from decarbonized organic amines by bipolar membrane electrodialysis[J]. Membrane Science and Technology, 2020, 40(3): 109-116.
[48]
GROOT M T DE, BOS A A C M, LÁZARO A P, et al. Electrodialysis for the concentration of ethanolamine salts[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2011, 371(1/2): 75-83.
[49]
WANG Y, LI W, YAN H, et al. Removal of heat stable salts (HSS) from spent alkanolamine wastewater using electrodialysis[J]. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2018, 57: 356-362.
[50]
STRATHMANN H. Electrodialysis, a mature technology with a multitude of new applications[J]. Desalination, 2010, 264(3): 268-288.
[51]
HUANG C, XU T, YANG X. Regenerating fuel-gas desulfurizing agents by using bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED): effect of molecular structure of alkanolamines on the regeneration performance[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2007, 41(3): 984-989.
[52]
李超, 王拥军, 陆侨治, 等. 电渗析脱除热稳定盐技术在天然气净化厂的应用[J]. 石油与天然气化工, 2017, 46(5): 16-19.
LI Chao, WANG Yongjun, LU Qiaozhi, et al. Application of electrodialysis technology for removing heat-stable salts in natural gas purification plants[J]. Petrochemical Technology, 2017, 46(5): 16-19.
[53]
黄川徽. 双极膜电渗析再生有机胺脱硫剂[D]. 合肥: 中国科学技术大学, 2008: 1.
HUANG Chuanhui. Regeneration of organic amine desulfurization agent by bipolar membrane electrodialysis[D]. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2008: 1.
[54]
WANG Y, FANG M, HUANG Y, et al. Removal of heat stable salts from degraded amine solvent by “BMED+ED” two-stage electrodialysis unit[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2023, 127: 103939.
[55]
刘芷源, 池勇志, 陈富强, 等. 醇胺溶液中热稳定盐脱除技术研究进展[J]. 天津城建大学学报, 2021, 27(2): 122-129.
LIU Zhiyuan, CHI Yongzhi, CHEN Fuqiang, et al. Research progress on the removal technology of heat-stable salts in alkanolamine solution[J]. Journal of Tianjin Chengjian University, 2021, 27(2): 122-129.
[56]
HOSSEINI N. Designing a lab-scale apparatus for reclaiming amines[D]. Telemark: The University of South-Eastern Norway, 2024: 1.
[57]
郝亚超, 张成凯, 李亚宁, 等. 树脂耦合电渗析脱除MDEA废液中热稳定盐试验[J]. 工业水处理, 2020, 40(12): 49-53.
HAO Yachao, ZHANG Chengkai, LI Yaning, et al. Experimental study on the removal of heat-stable salts from MDEA waste liquid by resin-coupled electrodialysis[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2020, 40(12): 49-53.
2025年第54卷第6期
PDF下载
101
45
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202502048
  • 接收时间:2025-02-27
  • 首发时间:2026-03-05
  • 出版时间:2025-06-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-27
基金
Research and Development Project on Electrodialysis Recovery and Regeneration Technology for Amine-Based Chemical Absorbents in CCUS Chemical Absorption Systems(CEZB240005324)
CCUS化学吸收系统胺基化学吸收剂电渗析回收和再生技术研发项目(CEZB240005324)
作者信息
    1.国能锦界电厂,陕西 榆林 719319
    2.浙江大学能源工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027

通讯作者:

方梦祥(1965),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为化学吸收法二氧化碳捕集技术,
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202502048
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏