Article(id=1236345816504390201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236345813933289655, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202406140, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1718035200000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-11, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1772697412848, onlineDateStr=2026-03-05, pubDate=1729785600000, pubDateStr=2024-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1772697412848, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1772697412848, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772697412848, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1236345813933289655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2024', volume='53', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='162', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1772697412236, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772697498476, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1236346175725556508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236345813933289655, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1236346175725556509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236345813933289655, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=32, endPage=40, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1236345816785408572, articleId=1236345816504390201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Performance of an integrated solar liquid air energy storage system with flexible operation mode, columnId=1236345815061557435, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Long-term energy storage technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

A new type of liquid air energy storage (LAES) system coupled with solar energy is proposed to address the issue of low round-trip efficiency (RTE) in current LAES systems. The discharging process of the new system is equipped with series-connected two-stage air heaters, which improves the RTE while allowing the system to operate in conventional ways under low solar radiation conditions. Sensitivity analysis of main parameters and exergy analysis are conducted on the new system, and the results show that, within the allowable range, the lower the liquefaction temperature, the lower the charging pressure and the higher the discharging pressure, resulting in higher RTE of the system. The optimal RTE of the system can reach 72.4%, and the system can still operate at an RTE of 53.6% when solar radiation is insufficient. The exergy efficiency of the new system is 38.0%, among which the solar collector field has the highest exergy destruction, accounting for 52.4% of the total exergy destruction, followed by the throttle valve and thermoelectric generator. In heat exchangers, there is significant exergy destruction in cold boxes and evaporators.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hongqing ZHU, Yufei ZHOU, Hanfei ZHANG, Liqiang DUAN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1236345818576376415, articleId=1236345816504390201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=CN, title=考虑灵活运行模式的太阳能集成液化空气储能系统性能研究, columnId=1236345815237718205, journalTitle=热力发电, columnName=长时储能技术研究专题, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对目前液化空气储能系统往返效率偏低的问题,提出了操作更加灵活的新型耦合太阳能热的液化空气储能系统。该系统放电过程配备了串联双级空气加热器,可在提高往返效率的同时允许系统在低太阳辐照情况下以传统方式运行。对新系统进行了主要参数敏感性分析和㶲分析,结果表明:在允许范围内,液化温度越低,充电压力越低,放电压力越高,系统往返效率越高;系统最优往返效率可达72.4%,太阳辐射不足时系统仍能以53.6%的往返效率运行;系统㶲效率为38.0%,其中太阳能集热场的㶲损最大,占总㶲损的52.4%,其次是节流阀与热电发电机;在换热器中,冷箱和蒸发器㶲损较大。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
张汉飞(1986),男,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为先进能量系统集成优化,
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=N6GqQr91Tz48HVXJTkQj/A==, magXml=2VzCqPlnkBhcPttFPNDLyw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=mNBZqMyrvNbEI/fJQw9mcg==, pdfFileSize=1931612, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=pUQk5Ta3t7oAd+pVZLOUWQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=K0tV8J7tkEKvJ3zpzjUgsQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

祝洪青(1972),男,教授级高级工程师,主要研究方向为火电厂、核电常规岛热力系统及设备,

, authorsList=祝洪青, 周宇飞, 张汉飞, 段立强)}, authors=[Author(id=1236345819255853686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhuhongqing@spic.com.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236345819473957502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, authorId=1236345819255853686, language=EN, stringName=Hongqing ZHU, firstName=Hongqing, middleName=null, lastName=ZHU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.State Nuclear Electric Power Planning Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100095, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236345819587203712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, authorId=1236345819255853686, language=CN, stringName=祝洪青, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.国核电力规划设计研究院有限公司,北京 100095, bio={"content":"

祝洪青(1972),男,教授级高级工程师,主要研究方向为火电厂、核电常规岛热力系统及设备,

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

祝洪青(1972),男,教授级高级工程师,主要研究方向为火电厂、核电常规岛热力系统及设备,

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236345818941280876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236345818949669485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, companyId=1236345818941280876, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.State Nuclear Electric Power Planning Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100095, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236345818958058094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, companyId=1236345818941280876, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.国核电力规划设计研究院有限公司,北京 100095)])]), Author(id=1236345819683672708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236345819805307529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, authorId=1236345819683672708, language=EN, stringName=Yufei ZHOU, firstName=Yufei, middleName=null, lastName=ZHOU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236345819918553739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, authorId=1236345819683672708, language=CN, stringName=周宇飞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京 102206, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236345819146801777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236345819155190386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, companyId=1236345819146801777, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236345819163578995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, companyId=1236345819146801777, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京 102206)])]), Author(id=1236345819998245519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=hanfei.zhang@ncepu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236345820098908820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, authorId=1236345819998245519, language=EN, stringName=Hanfei ZHANG, firstName=Hanfei, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236345820195377815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, authorId=1236345819998245519, language=CN, stringName=张汉飞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京 102206, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236345819146801777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236345819155190386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, companyId=1236345819146801777, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236345819163578995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, companyId=1236345819146801777, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京 102206)])]), Author(id=1236345820300235419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1236345820417675937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, authorId=1236345820300235419, language=EN, stringName=Liqiang DUAN, firstName=Liqiang, middleName=null, lastName=DUAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1236345820501562021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, authorId=1236345820300235419, language=CN, stringName=段立强, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京 102206, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236345819146801777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236345819155190386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, companyId=1236345819146801777, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236345819163578995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, companyId=1236345819146801777, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京 102206)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1236345820602225321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=liquid air energy storage), Keyword(id=1236345820690305709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=solar energy), Keyword(id=1236345820774191795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=parabolic trough collector), Keyword(id=1236345820870660790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=system integration), Keyword(id=1236345820954546873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=image exergy analysis), Keyword(id=1236345821084570301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=液化空气储能), Keyword(id=1236345821218788035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=太阳能), Keyword(id=1236345821315257032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=槽式集热器), Keyword(id=1236345821390754508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=系统集成), Keyword(id=1236345821495612112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=图像㶲分析)], refs=[Reference(id=1236345824049943437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=IEA, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=IEA. Renewables 2023: analysis and forecasts to 2028[EB/OL]. (2024-01-17) [2024-06-05]. https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2023., articleTitle=Renewables 2023: analysis and forecasts to 2028, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345824133829525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=5, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=CHEN L, DAI Y, MIN Y, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN L, DAI Y, MIN Y, et al. Study on the mechanism of transient voltage stability of wind power with power electronic interface[C]//2015 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC). 2015: 1-5., articleTitle=Study on the mechanism of transient voltage stability of wind power with power electronic interface, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345824226104224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=6, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=LACHURIYA A, KULKARNI R D, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LACHURIYA A, KULKARNI R D. Stationary electrical energy storage technology for global energy sustainability: a review[C]//2017 International Conference on Nascent Technologies in Engineering (ICNTE). 2017: 1-6., articleTitle=Stationary electrical energy storage technology for global energy sustainability: a review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345824314184616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=39, issue=15, pageStart=4478, pageEnd=4487, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=何青, 王立健, 郝银萍, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何青, 王立健, 郝银萍, 等. 深冷液化空气储能系统的优化与方案设计[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(15): 4478-4487., articleTitle=深冷液化空气储能系统的优化与方案设计, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345824393876398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=39, issue=15, pageStart=4478, pageEnd=4487, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=4, authorNames=HE Qing, WANG Lijian, HAO Yinping, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HE Qing, WANG Lijian, HAO Yinping, et al. Optimization and design of the liquefied air energy storage system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(15): 4478-4487., articleTitle=Optimization and design of the liquefied air energy storage system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345824502928311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=43, issue=23, pageStart=9171, pageEnd=9183, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=5, authorNames=李佳佳, 李兴朔, 魏凡超, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李佳佳, 李兴朔, 魏凡超, 等. 耦合火电机组的新型压缩空气储能系统技术经济性评估研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(23): 9171-9183., articleTitle=耦合火电机组的新型压缩空气储能系统技术经济性评估研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345824624563139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=43, issue=23, pageStart=9171, pageEnd=9183, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=6, authorNames=LI Jiajia, LI Xingshuo, WEI Fanchao, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Jiajia, LI Xingshuo, WEI Fanchao, et al. Research on techno-economic evaluation of new type compressed air energy storage coupled with thermal power unit[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(23): 9171-9183., articleTitle=Research on techno-economic evaluation of new type compressed air energy storage coupled with thermal power unit, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345824771363789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=10, issue=5, pageStart=1589, pageEnd=1596, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=7, authorNames=何子睿, 齐伟, 宋锦涛, journalName=储能科学与技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何子睿, 齐伟, 宋锦涛, 等. 耦合液化天然气的液化空气储能系统热力学分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1589-1596., articleTitle=耦合液化天然气的液化空气储能系统热力学分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345824859444180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=10, issue=5, pageStart=1589, pageEnd=1596, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=8, authorNames=HE Zirui, QI Wei, SONG Jintao, journalName=Energy Storage Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HE Zirui, QI Wei, SONG Jintao, et al. The thermodynamic analysis of a liquefied air energy storage system coupled with liquefied natural gas[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1589-1596., articleTitle=The thermodynamic analysis of a liquefied air energy storage system coupled with liquefied natural gas, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345824964301787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1977, volume=191, issue=1, pageStart=289, pageEnd=298, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=9, authorNames=SMITH E M, journalName=Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SMITH E M. Storage of electrical energy using supercritical liquid air[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1977, 191(1): 289-298., articleTitle=Storage of electrical energy using supercritical liquid air, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345825090130914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=38, issue=1, pageStart=173, pageEnd=180, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=10, authorNames=梁子阳, 刘春涛, 董益华, journalName=热能动力工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=梁子阳, 刘春涛, 董益华, 等. 耦合有机朗肯循环的液化空气储能系统性能研究[J]. 热能动力工程, 2023, 38(1): 173-180., articleTitle=耦合有机朗肯循环的液化空气储能系统性能研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345825207571431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=38, issue=1, pageStart=173, pageEnd=180, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=11, authorNames=LIANG Ziyang, LIU Chuntao, DONG Yihua, journalName=Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIANG Ziyang, LIU Chuntao, DONG Yihua, et al. Study on performance of LAES coupled with organic Rankine cycle[J]. Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power, 2023, 38(1): 173-180., articleTitle=Study on performance of LAES coupled with organic Rankine cycle, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345825329206257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=52, issue=1, pageStart=130, pageEnd=140, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=12, authorNames=AMEEL B, T’JOEN C, DE KERPEL K, journalName=Applied Thermal Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=AMEEL B, T’JOEN C, DE KERPEL K, et al. Thermodynamic analysis of energy storage with a liquid air Rankine cycle[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013, 52(1): 130-140., articleTitle=Thermodynamic analysis of energy storage with a liquid air Rankine cycle, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345825425675253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=93, issue=null, pageStart=1639, pageEnd=1647, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=13, authorNames=GUIZZI G L, MANNO M, TOLOMEI L M, journalName=Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GUIZZI G L, MANNO M, TOLOMEI L M, et al. Thermodynamic analysis of a liquid air energy storage system[J]. Energy, 2015, 93: 1639-1647., articleTitle=Thermodynamic analysis of a liquid air energy storage system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345825501172731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=44, issue=11, pageStart=3032, pageEnd=3038, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=14, authorNames=孙彧炜, 王昊成, 郭浩, journalName=工程热物理学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙彧炜, 王昊成, 郭浩, 等. 混合工质制冷的液化空气储能系统分析与优化[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2023, 44(11): 3032-3038., articleTitle=混合工质制冷的液化空气储能系统分析与优化, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345825610223618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=44, issue=11, pageStart=3032, pageEnd=3038, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=15, authorNames=SUN Yuwei, WANG Haocheng, GUO Hao, journalName=Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN Yuwei, WANG Haocheng, GUO Hao, et al. Analysis and optimization of liquid air energy storage system based on mixed-refrigerant Joule-Thomson refrigeration[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2023, 44(11): 3032-3038., articleTitle=Analysis and optimization of liquid air energy storage system based on mixed-refrigerant Joule-Thomson refrigeration, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345825727664138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=206, issue=null, pageStart=1632, pageEnd=1642, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=16, authorNames=SHE X, PENG X, NIE B, journalName=Applied Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHE X, PENG X, NIE B, et al. Enhancement of round trip efficiency of liquid air energy storage through effective utilization of heat of compression[J]. Applied Energy, 2017, 206: 1632-1642., articleTitle=Enhancement of round trip efficiency of liquid air energy storage through effective utilization of heat of compression, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345825828327439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=216, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=17, authorNames=PARK J, CHO S, QI M, journalName=Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PARK J, CHO S, QI M, et al. Liquid air energy storage coupled with liquefied natural gas cold energy: focus on efficiency, energy capacity, and flexibility[J]. Energy, 2021, 216: 119308., articleTitle=Liquid air energy storage coupled with liquefied natural gas cold energy: focus on efficiency, energy capacity, and flexibility, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345825941573656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=226, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=18, authorNames=NABAT M H, ZEYNALIAN M, RAZMI A R, journalName=Energy Conversion and Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NABAT M H, ZEYNALIAN M, RAZMI A R, et al. Energy, exergy, and economic analyses of an innovative energy storage system; liquid air energy storage (LAES) combined with high-temperature thermal energy storage (HTES)[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2020, 226: 113486., articleTitle=Energy, exergy, and economic analyses of an innovative energy storage system; liquid air energy storage (LAES) combined with high-temperature thermal energy storage (HTES), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345826025459739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=3, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=19, authorNames=宋锦涛, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=宋锦涛. 高效液化空气储能系统技术研究与分析[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2023: 3., articleTitle=高效液化空气储能系统技术研究与分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345826100957217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=3, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=20, authorNames=SONG Jintao, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SONG Jintao. Research and analysis of high efficiency air liquid energy storage system technology[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2023: 3., articleTitle=Research and analysis of high efficiency air liquid energy storage system technology, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345826163871780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=141, issue=8, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=21, authorNames=DERAKHSHAN S, KHOSRAVIAN M, journalName=Journal of Energy Resources Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DERAKHSHAN S, KHOSRAVIAN M. Exergy optimization of a novel combination of a liquid air energy storage system and a parabolic trough solar collector power plant[J]. Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 2019, 141(8): 081901., articleTitle=Exergy optimization of a novel combination of a liquid air energy storage system and a parabolic trough solar collector power plant, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345826256146474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=75, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=22, authorNames=NABAT M H, SOLTANI M, RAZMI A R, journalName=Sustainable Cities and Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NABAT M H, SOLTANI M, RAZMI A R, et al. Investigation of a green energy storage system based on liquid air energy storage (LAES) and high-temperature concentrated solar power (CSP): energy, exergy, economic, and environmental (4E) assessments, along with a case study for San Diego, US[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2021, 75: 103305., articleTitle=Investigation of a green energy storage system based on liquid air energy storage (LAES) and high-temperature concentrated solar power (CSP): energy, exergy, economic, and environmental (4E) assessments, along with a case study for San Diego, US, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345826335838258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=823, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=23, authorNames=VUPPALADADIYAM A K, ANTUNES E, VUPPALADADIYAM S S V, journalName=Science of the Total Environment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VUPPALADADIYAM A K, ANTUNES E, VUPPALADADIYAM S S V, et al. Progress in the development and use of refrigerants and unintended environmental consequences[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 823: 153670., articleTitle=Progress in the development and use of refrigerants and unintended environmental consequences, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345826432307254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=222, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=24, authorNames=XUE X D, ZHANG T, ZHANG X L, journalName=Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XUE X D, ZHANG T, ZHANG X L, et al. Performance evaluation and exergy analysis of a novel combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system based on liquid air energy storage[J]. Energy, 2021, 222: 119975., articleTitle=Performance evaluation and exergy analysis of a novel combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system based on liquid air energy storage, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345826528776252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=266, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=25, authorNames=DING X, DUAN L, ZHOU Y, journalName=Energy Conversion and Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DING X, DUAN L, ZHOU Y, et al. Energy, exergy, and economic analyses of a new liquid air energy storage system coupled with solar heat and organic Rankine cycle[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2022, 266: 115828., articleTitle=Energy, exergy, and economic analyses of a new liquid air energy storage system coupled with solar heat and organic Rankine cycle, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345826616856641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=142, issue=null, pageStart=176, pageEnd=187, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=26, authorNames=JI W, ZHOU Y, SUN Y, journalName=Energy Conversion and Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JI W, ZHOU Y, SUN Y, et al. Thermodynamic analysis of a novel hybrid wind-solar-compressed air energy storage system[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2017, 142: 176-187., articleTitle=Thermodynamic analysis of a novel hybrid wind-solar-compressed air energy storage system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345826713325636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=267, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=27, authorNames=IMMONEN J, POWELL K M, journalName=Energy Conversion and Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=IMMONEN J, POWELL K M. Dynamic optimization with flexible heat integration of a solar parabolic trough collector plant with thermal energy storage used for industrial process heat[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2022, 267: 115921., articleTitle=Dynamic optimization with flexible heat integration of a solar parabolic trough collector plant with thermal energy storage used for industrial process heat, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345826784628809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=179, issue=null, pageStart=1458, pageEnd=1471, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=28, authorNames=ZHANG S, LIU M, ZHAO Y, journalName=Renewable Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG S, LIU M, ZHAO Y, et al. Dynamic simulation and performance analysis of a parabolic trough concentrated solar power plant using molten salt during the start-up process[J]. Renewable Energy, 2021, 179: 1458-1471., articleTitle=Dynamic simulation and performance analysis of a parabolic trough concentrated solar power plant using molten salt during the start-up process, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345826910457935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=11, issue=6, pageStart=1996, pageEnd=2006, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=29, authorNames=苏要港, 吴晓南, 廖柏睿, journalName=储能科学与技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=苏要港, 吴晓南, 廖柏睿, 等. 耦合LNG冷能及ORC的新型液化空气储能系统分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(6): 1996-2006., articleTitle=耦合LNG冷能及ORC的新型液化空气储能系统分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345827053064275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=11, issue=6, pageStart=1996, pageEnd=2006, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=30, authorNames=SU Yaogang, WU Xiaonan, LIAO Borui, journalName=Energy Storage Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SU Yaogang, WU Xiaonan, LIAO Borui, et al. Analysis of novel liquefied-air energy-storage system coupled with LNG cold energy and ORC[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1996-2006., articleTitle=Analysis of novel liquefied-air energy-storage system coupled with LNG cold energy and ORC, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1236345827157921879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1982, volume=21, issue=4, pageStart=690, pageEnd=695, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=31, authorNames=ISHIDA M, KAWAMURA K, journalName=Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design & Development, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ISHIDA M, KAWAMURA K. Energy and exergy analysis of a chemical proces ssystem with distributed parameters based on the enthalpy-direction factor diagram[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design & Development, 1982, 21(4): 690-695., articleTitle=Energy and exergy analysis of a chemical proces ssystem with distributed parameters based on the enthalpy-direction factor diagram, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1236345823865394044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, awardId=52076078, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(52076078), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1236345823966057351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, awardId=52076078, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(52076078), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1236345818941280876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236345818949669485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, companyId=1236345818941280876, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.State Nuclear Electric Power Planning Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100095, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236345818958058094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, companyId=1236345818941280876, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.国核电力规划设计研究院有限公司,北京 100095)]), AuthorCompany(id=1236345819146801777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236345819155190386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, companyId=1236345819146801777, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1236345819163578995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, companyId=1236345819146801777, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京 102206)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1236345821663384279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Flowchart of the novel S-LAES system, figureFileSmall=pDZjo1kN/Z2g0OcIISCl0A==, figureFileBig=pUQk5Ta3t7oAd+pVZLOUWQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345821751464669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, label=图1, caption=新型S-LAES系统流程, figureFileSmall=pDZjo1kN/Z2g0OcIISCl0A==, figureFileBig=pUQk5Ta3t7oAd+pVZLOUWQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345821982151401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Influence of charging pressure and liquefaction temperature on liquefaction rate, figureFileSmall=RbtUBTTVr5A91N7+GEpASw==, figureFileBig=V+PyfrTc/v9FKLsZg8H4/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345822099591920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, label=图2, caption=充电压力与液化温度对液化率的影响, figureFileSmall=RbtUBTTVr5A91N7+GEpASw==, figureFileBig=V+PyfrTc/v9FKLsZg8H4/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345822284141305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Influence of charging pressure and liquefaction temperature on RTE, figureFileSmall=s4uAy3aF13C9BiVNi7ut+w==, figureFileBig=WQxCYKV8VAPoBr436ebErw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345822393193215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, label=图3, caption=充电压力与液化温度对往返效率的影响, figureFileSmall=s4uAy3aF13C9BiVNi7ut+w==, figureFileBig=WQxCYKV8VAPoBr436ebErw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345822506439432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Influence of discharging pressure and liquefaction temperature on RTE, figureFileSmall=bInfkqpd7VG+FRH7hAsyIA==, figureFileBig=19PSeDTiIK82hHKm5Xo8zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345822644851475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, label=图4, caption=放电压力与液化温度对往返效率的影响, figureFileSmall=bInfkqpd7VG+FRH7hAsyIA==, figureFileBig=19PSeDTiIK82hHKm5Xo8zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345822737126171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Influence of ORC working pressure on system performance, figureFileSmall=j/ks6luPa2q5pmtFlujxGg==, figureFileBig=8BIkpO15DZoO1i7/HMLMcg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345822825206560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, label=图5, caption=ORC工作压力对系统性能的影响, figureFileSmall=j/ks6luPa2q5pmtFlujxGg==, figureFileBig=8BIkpO15DZoO1i7/HMLMcg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345822896509735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Influence of DNI on system performance, figureFileSmall=oE014TYqwhMT584vEdMsGg==, figureFileBig=gNSQcdYyaz1jzaVHeLl63Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345822988784430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, label=图6, caption=法向辐射强度对系统性能的影响, figureFileSmall=oE014TYqwhMT584vEdMsGg==, figureFileBig=gNSQcdYyaz1jzaVHeLl63Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345823068476211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Exergy destruction proportion in each part of the S-LAES system, figureFileSmall=I5sWxsxNJwymIGElTVb6HQ==, figureFileBig=eWkbH0iRNEAzOS3+FKTuPA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345823152362296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, label=图7, caption=S-LAES系统各环节㶲损占比, figureFileSmall=I5sWxsxNJwymIGElTVb6HQ==, figureFileBig=eWkbH0iRNEAzOS3+FKTuPA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345823248831300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=EUD diagram of main process of the S-LAES system, figureFileSmall=2tzW1mGVLKwPgT05k6mhbQ==, figureFileBig=T6F//2ViGkYIlK96rfKJbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345823357883215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, label=图8, caption=S-LAES系统主要过程EUD图, figureFileSmall=2tzW1mGVLKwPgT05k6mhbQ==, figureFileBig=T6F//2ViGkYIlK96rfKJbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1236345823450157908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Main design parameters of the S-LAES system

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目数值项目数值
级间冷却器最小温差/℃10[14]压气机效率/%85[19]
冷箱最小温差/℃4[20]空气透平效率/%85[19]
蒸发器最小温差/℃4[20]ORC透平效率/%80[14]
低温加热器最小温差/℃7[20]液空泵效率/%70[19]
ORC各换热器最小温差/℃5[20]ORC泵效率/%75[21]
高温加热器出口空气温度/℃320充放电时长/h8
法向辐射强度/(W·m–2)800集热器出口熔盐温度/℃400
单个集热器长度/m150.00[22]集热器开口宽度/m5.76[23]
集热器数量31最大光学效率/%74[22]
环境温度/℃25[20]环境压力/MPa0.1[12]
), ArticleFig(id=1236345823580181344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

S-LAES系统主要设计参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目数值项目数值
级间冷却器最小温差/℃10[14]压气机效率/%85[19]
冷箱最小温差/℃4[20]空气透平效率/%85[19]
蒸发器最小温差/℃4[20]ORC透平效率/%80[14]
低温加热器最小温差/℃7[20]液空泵效率/%70[19]
ORC各换热器最小温差/℃5[20]ORC泵效率/%75[21]
高温加热器出口空气温度/℃320充放电时长/h8
法向辐射强度/(W·m–2)800集热器出口熔盐温度/℃400
单个集热器长度/m150.00[22]集热器开口宽度/m5.76[23]
集热器数量31最大光学效率/%74[22]
环境温度/℃25[20]环境压力/MPa0.1[12]
), ArticleFig(id=1236345823647290216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Performance parameters of the S-LAES system

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
运行模式项目数值
S-LAES压缩耗功/kW20 384
液空泵耗功/kW305
空气透平入口温度/℃320.0
空气透平做功/kW13 786
ORC净功/kW1 051
热电发电机做功/kW221
液化率/%85.3
RTE/%72.4
㶲效率/%38.0
LAES压缩耗功/kW20 384
液空泵耗功/kW305
空气透平入口温度/℃173.6
空气透平做功/kW10 291
ORC净功/kW933
热电发电机做功/kW13
液化率/%85.3
RTE/%53.6
㶲效率/%53.6
), ArticleFig(id=1236345823764730737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1236345816504390201, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

S-LAES系统性能参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
运行模式项目数值
S-LAES压缩耗功/kW20 384
液空泵耗功/kW305
空气透平入口温度/℃320.0
空气透平做功/kW13 786
ORC净功/kW1 051
热电发电机做功/kW221
液化率/%85.3
RTE/%72.4
㶲效率/%38.0
LAES压缩耗功/kW20 384
液空泵耗功/kW305
空气透平入口温度/℃173.6
空气透平做功/kW10 291
ORC净功/kW933
热电发电机做功/kW13
液化率/%85.3
RTE/%53.6
㶲效率/%53.6
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1210938006006558725, delFlag=0, nameCn=热力发电, nameEn=Thermal Power Generation, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1002-3364, eissn=null, cn=61-1111/TM, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=YWgAUXbKXZzTw3c+kJbAIA==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Thermal Power Generation, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1766639718774, updatedTime=1766640759031, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=T, firstLetterEn=T, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=YWgAUXbKXZzTw3c+kJbAIA==, picEn=jfJjUlYAGfUZwuOMQZ6AHQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1210942369256575009, language=CN, name=热力发电, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1766640759052, updatedTime=1766640759052, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1210942369315295266, language=EN, name=Thermal Power Generation, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1766640759066, updatedTime=1766640759066, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://rlfd.chinajournal.net.cn/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1210938733613449225, websiteList=[Website(id=1210941118787744741, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1210938733613449225, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN, language=CN, createTime=1766640460918, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1766640511525, updateBy=18614031015, name=热力发电-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=热力发电, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1210944690380214659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1766641312451, updateTime=1766641312451, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690359243136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1766641312446, updateTime=1766641312446, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690401186182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641312456, updateTime=1766641312456, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690346660223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/file/pic?fileId=ToFA0Lu4b/CNocENDvNjHA==, createTime=1766641312443, updateTime=1766641312443, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690409574792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641312458, updateTime=1766641312458, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690371826050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/file/pic, createTime=1766641312449, updateTime=1766641312449, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690405380487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641312457, updateTime=1766641312457, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690367631745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1766641312448, updateTime=1766641312448, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690388603268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1766641312453, updateTime=1766641312453, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944690392797573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118787744741, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1766641312454, updateTime=1766641312454, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1210941118926156777, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1210938733613449225, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN, language=EN, createTime=1766640460950, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1766640598724, updateBy=18614031015, name=热力发电-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Thermal Power Generation, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1210944709317489283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1766641316966, updateTime=1766641316966, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709296517760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1766641316961, updateTime=1766641316961, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709334266502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641316970, updateTime=1766641316970, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709288129151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/file/pic?fileId=ToFA0Lu4b/CNocENDvNjHA==, createTime=1766641316959, updateTime=1766641316959, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709346849416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641316973, updateTime=1766641316973, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709309100674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/file/pic, createTime=1766641316964, updateTime=1766641316964, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709338460807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1766641316971, updateTime=1766641316971, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709300712065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1766641316962, updateTime=1766641316962, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709321683588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1766641316967, updateTime=1766641316967, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1210944709330072197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1210941118926156777, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1766641316969, updateTime=1766641316969, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=热力发电, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Thermal Power Generation, journalPhotoCn=YWgAUXbKXZzTw3c+kJbAIA==, journalPhotoEn=jfJjUlYAGfUZwuOMQZ6AHQ==, journalFirstLetter=T, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202406140, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202406140, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/PDF/10.19666/j.rlfd.202406140, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/EN/PDF/10.19666/j.rlfd.202406140, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
考虑灵活运行模式的太阳能集成液化空气储能系统性能研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
祝洪青 1 , 周宇飞 2 , 张汉飞 2 , 段立强 2
热力发电 | 长时储能技术研究专题 2024,53(10): 32-40
收起
收藏切换
热力发电 | 长时储能技术研究专题 2024, 53(10): 32-40
考虑灵活运行模式的太阳能集成液化空气储能系统性能研究
全屏
祝洪青1 , 周宇飞2, 张汉飞2 , 段立强2
作者信息
  • 1.国核电力规划设计研究院有限公司,北京 100095
  • 2.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京 102206
  • 祝洪青(1972),男,教授级高级工程师,主要研究方向为火电厂、核电常规岛热力系统及设备,

通讯作者:

张汉飞(1986),男,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为先进能量系统集成优化,
Performance of an integrated solar liquid air energy storage system with flexible operation mode
Hongqing ZHU1 , Yufei ZHOU2, Hanfei ZHANG2 , Liqiang DUAN2
Affiliations
  • 1.State Nuclear Electric Power Planning Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100095, China
  • 2.School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
出版时间: 2024-10-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202406140
文章导航
收藏切换

针对目前液化空气储能系统往返效率偏低的问题,提出了操作更加灵活的新型耦合太阳能热的液化空气储能系统。该系统放电过程配备了串联双级空气加热器,可在提高往返效率的同时允许系统在低太阳辐照情况下以传统方式运行。对新系统进行了主要参数敏感性分析和㶲分析,结果表明:在允许范围内,液化温度越低,充电压力越低,放电压力越高,系统往返效率越高;系统最优往返效率可达72.4%,太阳辐射不足时系统仍能以53.6%的往返效率运行;系统㶲效率为38.0%,其中太阳能集热场的㶲损最大,占总㶲损的52.4%,其次是节流阀与热电发电机;在换热器中,冷箱和蒸发器㶲损较大。

液化空气储能  /  太阳能  /  槽式集热器  /  系统集成  /  图像㶲分析

A new type of liquid air energy storage (LAES) system coupled with solar energy is proposed to address the issue of low round-trip efficiency (RTE) in current LAES systems. The discharging process of the new system is equipped with series-connected two-stage air heaters, which improves the RTE while allowing the system to operate in conventional ways under low solar radiation conditions. Sensitivity analysis of main parameters and exergy analysis are conducted on the new system, and the results show that, within the allowable range, the lower the liquefaction temperature, the lower the charging pressure and the higher the discharging pressure, resulting in higher RTE of the system. The optimal RTE of the system can reach 72.4%, and the system can still operate at an RTE of 53.6% when solar radiation is insufficient. The exergy efficiency of the new system is 38.0%, among which the solar collector field has the highest exergy destruction, accounting for 52.4% of the total exergy destruction, followed by the throttle valve and thermoelectric generator. In heat exchangers, there is significant exergy destruction in cold boxes and evaporators.

liquid air energy storage  /  solar energy  /  parabolic trough collector  /  system integration  /  image exergy analysis
祝洪青, 周宇飞, 张汉飞, 段立强. 考虑灵活运行模式的太阳能集成液化空气储能系统性能研究. 热力发电, 2024 , 53 (10) : 32 -40 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202406140
Hongqing ZHU, Yufei ZHOU, Hanfei ZHANG, Liqiang DUAN. Performance of an integrated solar liquid air energy storage system with flexible operation mode[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2024 , 53 (10) : 32 -40 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202406140
根据国际能源署数据,2023年全球可再生能源装机容量比2022年增长了50%,装机容量的增长速度比过去30年任何时候都快[1]。可再生能源的主要问题是输入波动较大,电网无法全部消纳其发电量[2]。而储能技术可以实现需求侧管理,平抑新能源电力波动[3-4],促进可再生能源的应用和发展。
电网级储能技术包括抽水蓄能、压缩空气储能和液化空气储能(liquid air energy storage,LAES)。抽水蓄能电站的选址需要满足水位落差,初投资高。压缩空气储能具有储存能量大、输出功率高等优点[5],但其需要密封性能好的地下洞穴以储存高压空气[6]。LAES概念于1977年被Smith提出[7],系统中的高压空气会被冷却到低温,再经膨胀过程以常压、液态存储,摆脱地理条件限制的同时提升了能量密度[8],具有极大发展前景。
LAES技术面临的主要问题是往返效率(round trip efficiency,RTE)较低,一般在40%~55%[9-11]。She等人[12]利用有机朗肯循环(organic Rankine cycle, ORC)吸收LAES系统的多余压缩热,往返效率提高了12%。Park等人[13]利用外部冷源液化天然气冷却多级压缩过程并提供额外膨胀功,系统往返效率达到187.4%。Nabat等人[14]将外部热能引入LAES系统中,利用低质量电能转变为热能存储在混凝土棒阵列中,放电过程可用此热能复温空气至1 300 K,该系统往返效率达到61.13%,㶲效率为52.84%。可见,外部能量的引入可大幅改进LAES系统性能。太阳能作为一种易获取的清洁能源,也可用于辅助LAES系统性能提升。宋锦涛[15]将蓄热太阳能系统和海水淡化系统集成到LAES系统中,往返效率高达132.2%。Derakhshan等人[16]将槽式太阳能集热系统与LAES系统相结合,㶲分析结果表明槽式集热器是㶲损占比最大的部件。Nabat等人[17]将聚光太阳能技术与LAES系统相耦合,该系统往返效率和㶲效率分别为54.05%和46.51%。可见,太阳能的引入可显著提升LAES系统往返效率。但是,上述研究在放电过程中均使用太阳能热作为唯一热源来加热做功空气,该配置在太阳辐射强度较低时无法复温空气,系统将面临放电过程无法启动的问题;同时,余热利用系统能量损失巨大。
基于上述问题,本文提出了一种新型耦合太阳能热的LAES系统(solar coupled liquid air energy storage,S-LAES)。该系统将太阳能热与LAES系统灵活集成,使用串联双级空气加热器(压缩热空气加热器和太阳能热空气加热器)连续提高放电过程做功空气温度,同时系统在连续低太阳辐照天气依然能够以基础LAES模式运行。对S-LAES系统进行了主要参数敏感性分析和㶲分析,揭示了系统性能和节能潜力。研究结果可为太阳能辅助LAES系统提供新的参考。
S-LAES系统包括基础LAES模块、余热利用模块和太阳能热收集模块,系统结构示意如图1所示。S-LAES系统运行流程如下。
1)充电过程 空气从压气机1入口进入,首先经历4级压缩与级间冷却过程。导热油从冷油罐中流出,进入级间冷却器带走空气压缩产生的热量储存到热油罐中。随后,高压空气进入冷箱,吸收未液化空气和蓄冷流体的冷能,达到较低温度后,再经节流阀膨胀至常压。节流阀出口的气液混合态空气流入气液分离器,产生的液态空气流入液空罐,未液化空气返回冷箱释放冷能。
2)放电过程 液态空气从液空罐中流出,被液空泵加压后进入蒸发器蒸发。蒸发器1的蓄冷流体为丙烷,蒸发器2的蓄冷流体为甲醇。吸收了冷能的蓄冷流体存储到冷储罐中,下次充电时再将冷能传递给高压空气。蒸发器2出口的空气依次流经低温加热器和高温加热器,分别吸收压缩热和太阳能热,逐步提高温度,最后进入空气透平做功。为了充分利用余热,系统耦合了ORC和热电发电机。ORC工质加压后先在预热器中与空气透平排气换热,随后进入ORC换热器吸收剩余空气压缩热,再进入透平做功。ORC换热器出口的导热油与低温加热器出口的导热油混合,进入到热电发电机中被环境水冷却,利用温差发电。在太阳能热收集模块中,当太阳辐照强度足够时,熔盐从冷罐中流出,在集热器中吸收太阳能热后再储存到热罐中。当放电进行时,高温熔盐从热罐流入高温加热器加热做功空气,最终再返回到冷罐中。
3)灵活运行模式 系统以上述额定工况运行时,阀门V1、V3和V5全开,阀门V2、V4和V6全关。如遇到连续恶劣天气导致高温熔盐缺失时,S-LAES系统以基础LAES模式运行。此时,阀门V1、V3和V5全关,阀门V2、V4和V6全开,高温加热器退出运行,仅低温加热器工作。此灵活运行模式可使系统在任何天气情况下进行放电,保证了基本输出功率。
S-LAES系统主要设计参数见表1。ORC工作流体为R32,因其对环境的破坏更小[18],太阳能集热场工质为太阳盐(60% NaNO3+40% KNO3),导热油为Dowtherm-G型。
使用Aspen Hysys软件搭建了S-LAES的系统模型。模拟基本假设和边界条件如下:
1)空气被视为由氧气与氮气组成的理想气体;
2)忽略换热器压降以及流体流动时动能和势能变化;
3)忽略换热器、管道和储罐中各工质热损失;
4)环境温度为25 ℃,大气压力为0.1 MPa。
压气机和泵都消耗电能以实现对流体的增压与输送,其等熵效率表达式为[20]
ηc=hout,ishinhouthin
式中:ηc为压缩设备的等熵效率;h为流体比焓,kJ/kg;下标in和out分别代表进口和出口状态;下标is代表等熵绝热状态。
压气机与泵的耗功可用下式计算[20]
Wc=min(houthin)
式中:Wc为压缩设备耗功,kW;m为流体质量流量,kg/s。
透平等熵效率的表达式为[20]
ηt=hinhouthinhout,is
式中:ηt为透平的等熵效率。
透平做功可用下式计算[20]
Wt=min(hinhout)
式中:Wt为透平做功,kW。
系统中换热器能量平衡方程为[17]
mcs,in(hcs,outhcs,in)=mhs,in(hhs,inhhs,out)
式中:下标cs和hs分别代表冷流体和热流体。
槽式集热器的能量平衡方程为:
Qsolar=mms,in(hms,outhms,in)
式中:Qsolar为集热器吸收的太阳能热,kW;下标solar代表熔盐。
忽略太阳能集热系统的管道热损失,Qsolar可由下式计算[17]
Qsolar=ηopDNIWIDLN
式中:ηop为集热器光学效率;DNI为法向辐射强度,W/m2;WID和L分别为集热器宽度和长度,m;N为集热器数量。
热电发电机的输出功率为[14]
WTEG=QhηTEG
式中:WTEG为热电发电机输出功率,kW;Qh为冷却水吸热量,kW;ηTEG为热电发电机效率。
ηTEG可用下式计算[14]
ηTEG=ηcarnot1+ZTaverage11+ZTaverage+Tcs/Ths
式中:TcsThs分别为冷、热流体工作温度,K;ηcarnot为冷、热源温度分别为TcsThs的卡诺循环效率;ZTaverage为半导体性能参数,取值可参考文献[14]。
液化率反映了系统蓄释冷部分的性能,可用下式计算[20]
Rl=m13m12×100%
式中:Rl为液化率,%。
S-LAES系统对外输出的总净功率被定义为:
Wnet=WAT+WOT+WTEGWLAPWORCP
式中:WAT为空气透平总功,kW;WOT为ORC透平做功,kW;WLAP为液空泵耗功,kW;WORCP为ORC泵耗功,kW。
往返效率RTE为净输出功率与充电过程压气机消耗功率的比值,是系统层面的重要评价指标,可用下式计算:
RTE=WnettdisWACtcha
式中:WAC为压气机总耗功,kW;tchatdis分别为充、放电过程时长,h。
利用热力学第二定律全面评价系统性能,流股的㶲为[24]
Ex=m[(h-h0)-T0(s-s0)]
式中:Ex为流股㶲,kW;s为流股比熵,kJ/(kg∙K);下标0代表环境状态。
太阳能输入㶲的计算公式为[16]
Ex,solar=DDNIWIDLN[143TaTs+13(TaTs)4]
式中:Ex,solar为太阳能输入㶲,kW;Ta为环境温度,K;Ts为太阳表面温度,K。
S-LAES系统总㶲效率的计算公式为[24]
ηex=(WAT+WOT+WTEGWLAPWORCP)tdis(WAC+Ex,solar)tcha
图像㶲(energy utilization diagram,EUD)分析方法是Ishida于1982年提出的先进㶲分析方法[25],与传统黑箱模型不同,图像㶲分析揭示了能量转化过程中能量品位和数量的变化。EUD图的横坐标为能量转化数量,纵坐标为能级。每个能量转化过程有能量释放侧Aed和能量接受侧Aea,两者间的面积代表能量转化过程中的㶲损。能级定义为:
A=ΔExΔH
式中:A为能级;ΔEx为过程中的㶲变,kW;ΔH为过程中的焓变,kW。
下面对充放电过程、余热利用部分以及太阳能利用部分主要参数变化对S-LAES系统性能的影响进行分析,并对系统进行㶲分析,进一步揭示系统节能潜力。在进行参数敏感性分析时,无关参数保持不变。
充电压力和液化温度是充电过程重要的影响参数。液空泵出口的液态空气温度低于–190 ℃,考虑到换热器最小温差,液化温度最低为–183 ℃。充电压力与液化温度对液化率的影响如图2所示。由图2可见:充电压力不变时液化率随液化温度的降低而上升;当液化温度一定时,充电压力增大会使液化率略有降低。可见,并不是充电压力越高液化率越大[4],但充电压力过低会导致蒸发器不满足设定的最小温差。在液化温度为–183 ℃时,充电压力最低可达15.5 MPa,此时液化率达到最大值85.3%。
假设ORC工作压力与放电压力均为定值,图3展示了充电过程参数对RTE的影响。与图2趋势类似,液化温度降低使RTE增大。这是因为液化率上升,增加了放电过程空气流量和空气透平做功;同时,液化率上升也会导致低温加热器导热油用量增加,减少供给ORC的导热油,使ORC净功减小。并且,低温加热器出口导热油温度高于ORC换热器出口导热油温度,导致高液化率对应的热电发电机入口热流温度更高,产功增加。这3部分做功中空气透平做功是影响RTE变化的主要因素。充电压力的提高会明显降低系统的RTE,主要原因和前述一致。
放电过程主要的影响参数是放电压力,即液空泵出口压力。提高放电压力会提高液空泵和蒸发器的出口温度,这受制于选定的最小换热温差,因此放电压力不可一味提高。充电压力与液化温度对往返效率的影响如图4所示。由图4可见,放电压力越高,系统RTE越高。这是因为放电压力上升使空气透平净功大幅增加,同时,压比增加使透平排气温度降低,影响ORC预热器的换热,导致图1中流股42温度降低。为了使ORC透平入口温度不变,可减小R32流量,ORC做功相应减少。而流股42的温度降低也导致了流股48和49的温度降低,使热电发电机做功减少。但空气透平做功依然占据主导,且空气压缩耗功不变,故系统总净功随释能压力提高而增加。
ORC透平背压为2.1 MPa,此时R32的饱和温度约为33 ℃,可用环境水来冷却。过高的透平入口压力会导致排气干度较低,过低的透平入口压力会降低循环效率。ORC工作压力对系统性能的影响如图5所示。由图5可见,随着工作压力的提高,ORC的净输出功先增加后减小,在10~11 MPa达到最大值。同时还可以看到,热电发电机做功随ORC工作压力的提高而提高,原因是ORC泵出口工质温度升高导致预热器出口的工质温度升高,同时,增加了工质流量以控制ORC换热器运行在额定端差附近。流股48的温度随流股42的温度升高而升高,导致与流股49混合后进入热电发电机的导热油温度略有升高,增加了其做功。但ORC和热电发电机总净功的变化趋势依然是先增大后减小,在ORC工作压力为11 MPa时达到最大值。此时,充放电部分状态不变,因此系统RTE呈现相同变化趋势。
集热场的入口熔盐温度设计值为246 ℃,高于太阳盐的凝固点,集热器出口熔盐温度设计值为400 ℃。在DNI变化时,改变熔盐流量以维持集热器进、出口温度。不同熔盐流量会影响高温加热器出口流体温度,进而影响系统性能。法向辐射强度对系统性能的影响如图6所示。
图6可见,随着DNI的增长,熔盐流量和空气透平入口温度以及系统RTE几乎呈线性增长。这是因为DNI的提高使透平入口温度提高,压比不变时,空气透平出口温度也提高,使得低温加热器用油量减少,ORC换热器的导热油用量增多,使ORC净功提高。而导热油经ORC利用后余热温度高于加热空气后的余热温度,所以高DNI时热电发电机入口热流体温度较高,效率和产功随之提高。
表2给出了在使用前几节中寻到的最优参数情况下,S-LAES系统最优性能以及遭遇连续恶劣天气时系统以基础LAES模式运行时的性能参数。
设计工况下S-LAES系统的㶲效率为38.0%,图7展示了系统主要环节的㶲损失占总㶲损失的百分比。由图7可以看到,太阳能集热场在系统中㶲损占比最大,超过了其他部分的总和。因此,当系统以基础LAES模式运行时,由于集热场停运,系统㶲效率提升。充电过程㶲损占比达到了23.6%,放电过程㶲损占比为16.1%,余热利用部分的㶲损占比最小。
图8为S-LAES系统主要部件的EUD图。从图8中可看到系统各部分能量转换过程中能量数量和质量的变化。整个充电过程㶲损的35.6%发生在节流阀中,图8a)展示了除节流阀以外的充电过程EUD图,经过多级压缩后,空气能级在冷箱中迅速下降。可以看到,冷箱2的阴影面积较大,其㶲损也较大,是充电过程众㶲损仅次于节流阀的部件。
图8a)可见:两级冷箱的总㶲损在充电过程中占17.4%;随后是压气机,每级㶲损约占充电过程总㶲损的9.0%;级间冷却器的㶲损较小。在放电过程中,随着蒸发和加热的进行,空气能级不断提升。其中,蒸发器1的㶲损最大,约占放电总㶲损的17.0%,随后是三级空气透平,其余换热器㶲损较小。在ORC中,透平、预热器和冷凝器㶲损较大,S-LAES系统凭借其高往返效率、高灵活性和可整合可再生能源的能力,展现出广阔的应用前景,可在风能和太阳能资源丰富的区域作为电网级储能解决方案,提升电力系统的稳定性和效率,尤其适用于需要持续供电的关键基础设施。但是,S-LAES系统的实际应用也面临多重挑战。成本效益是首要考量;其次,系统长期运行的稳定性和可靠性需通过大规模示范项目进一步验证;同时,与电池储能等成熟技术相比,S-LAES系统在能量密度和响应速度方面的提升空间仍需探索。
针对目前液化空气储能系统往返效率低的问题,本文提出了一种具有灵活运行模式的耦合太阳能的液化空气储能S-LAES系统。
1)本文所提S-LAES系统的最优往返效率为72.4%,相比传统LAES系统,往返效率提升超过了20.0%。在太阳辐照低的天气下,可将太阳能热空气加热器退出运行,系统仍能以53.6%的往返效率继续运行。
2)在采用的太阳能集热场运行模式下,熔盐入口温度和系统往返效率与太阳辐射强度正相关,且变化趋势接近线性。
3)对S-LAES系统进行的㶲分析表明,太阳能集热场的㶲损失最大,占系统全部㶲损失的52.4%。其次是节流阀和热电发电机㶲损,占比分别达8.4%和4.7%。在各换热器中,冷箱2和蒸发器1的㶲损最大。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52076078)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
IEA. Renewables 2023: analysis and forecasts to 2028[EB/OL]. (2024-01-17) [2024-06-05]. https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2023.
[2]
CHEN L, DAI Y, MIN Y, et al. Study on the mechanism of transient voltage stability of wind power with power electronic interface[C]//2015 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC). 2015: 1-5.
[3]
LACHURIYA A, KULKARNI R D. Stationary electrical energy storage technology for global energy sustainability: a review[C]//2017 International Conference on Nascent Technologies in Engineering (ICNTE). 2017: 1-6.
[4]
何青, 王立健, 郝银萍, 等. 深冷液化空气储能系统的优化与方案设计[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(15): 4478-4487.
HE Qing, WANG Lijian, HAO Yinping, et al. Optimization and design of the liquefied air energy storage system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(15): 4478-4487.
[5]
李佳佳, 李兴朔, 魏凡超, 等. 耦合火电机组的新型压缩空气储能系统技术经济性评估研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(23): 9171-9183.
LI Jiajia, LI Xingshuo, WEI Fanchao, et al. Research on techno-economic evaluation of new type compressed air energy storage coupled with thermal power unit[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(23): 9171-9183.
[6]
何子睿, 齐伟, 宋锦涛, 等. 耦合液化天然气的液化空气储能系统热力学分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1589-1596.
HE Zirui, QI Wei, SONG Jintao, et al. The thermodynamic analysis of a liquefied air energy storage system coupled with liquefied natural gas[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1589-1596.
[7]
SMITH E M. Storage of electrical energy using supercritical liquid air[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1977, 191(1): 289-298.
[8]
梁子阳, 刘春涛, 董益华, 等. 耦合有机朗肯循环的液化空气储能系统性能研究[J]. 热能动力工程, 2023, 38(1): 173-180.
LIANG Ziyang, LIU Chuntao, DONG Yihua, et al. Study on performance of LAES coupled with organic Rankine cycle[J]. Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power, 2023, 38(1): 173-180.
[9]
AMEEL B, T’JOEN C, DE KERPEL K, et al. Thermodynamic analysis of energy storage with a liquid air Rankine cycle[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013, 52(1): 130-140.
[10]
GUIZZI G L, MANNO M, TOLOMEI L M, et al. Thermodynamic analysis of a liquid air energy storage system[J]. Energy, 2015, 93: 1639-1647.
[11]
孙彧炜, 王昊成, 郭浩, 等. 混合工质制冷的液化空气储能系统分析与优化[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2023, 44(11): 3032-3038.
SUN Yuwei, WANG Haocheng, GUO Hao, et al. Analysis and optimization of liquid air energy storage system based on mixed-refrigerant Joule-Thomson refrigeration[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2023, 44(11): 3032-3038.
[12]
SHE X, PENG X, NIE B, et al. Enhancement of round trip efficiency of liquid air energy storage through effective utilization of heat of compression[J]. Applied Energy, 2017, 206: 1632-1642.
[13]
PARK J, CHO S, QI M, et al. Liquid air energy storage coupled with liquefied natural gas cold energy: focus on efficiency, energy capacity, and flexibility[J]. Energy, 2021, 216: 119308.
[14]
NABAT M H, ZEYNALIAN M, RAZMI A R, et al. Energy, exergy, and economic analyses of an innovative energy storage system; liquid air energy storage (LAES) combined with high-temperature thermal energy storage (HTES)[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2020, 226: 113486.
[15]
宋锦涛. 高效液化空气储能系统技术研究与分析[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2023: 3.
SONG Jintao. Research and analysis of high efficiency air liquid energy storage system technology[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2023: 3.
[16]
DERAKHSHAN S, KHOSRAVIAN M. Exergy optimization of a novel combination of a liquid air energy storage system and a parabolic trough solar collector power plant[J]. Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 2019, 141(8): 081901.
[17]
NABAT M H, SOLTANI M, RAZMI A R, et al. Investigation of a green energy storage system based on liquid air energy storage (LAES) and high-temperature concentrated solar power (CSP): energy, exergy, economic, and environmental (4E) assessments, along with a case study for San Diego, US[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2021, 75: 103305.
[18]
VUPPALADADIYAM A K, ANTUNES E, VUPPALADADIYAM S S V, et al. Progress in the development and use of refrigerants and unintended environmental consequences[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 823: 153670.
[19]
XUE X D, ZHANG T, ZHANG X L, et al. Performance evaluation and exergy analysis of a novel combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system based on liquid air energy storage[J]. Energy, 2021, 222: 119975.
[20]
DING X, DUAN L, ZHOU Y, et al. Energy, exergy, and economic analyses of a new liquid air energy storage system coupled with solar heat and organic Rankine cycle[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2022, 266: 115828.
[21]
JI W, ZHOU Y, SUN Y, et al. Thermodynamic analysis of a novel hybrid wind-solar-compressed air energy storage system[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2017, 142: 176-187.
[22]
IMMONEN J, POWELL K M. Dynamic optimization with flexible heat integration of a solar parabolic trough collector plant with thermal energy storage used for industrial process heat[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2022, 267: 115921.
[23]
ZHANG S, LIU M, ZHAO Y, et al. Dynamic simulation and performance analysis of a parabolic trough concentrated solar power plant using molten salt during the start-up process[J]. Renewable Energy, 2021, 179: 1458-1471.
[24]
苏要港, 吴晓南, 廖柏睿, 等. 耦合LNG冷能及ORC的新型液化空气储能系统分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(6): 1996-2006.
SU Yaogang, WU Xiaonan, LIAO Borui, et al. Analysis of novel liquefied-air energy-storage system coupled with LNG cold energy and ORC[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1996-2006.
[25]
ISHIDA M, KAWAMURA K. Energy and exergy analysis of a chemical proces ssystem with distributed parameters based on the enthalpy-direction factor diagram[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design & Development, 1982, 21(4): 690-695.
2024年第53卷第10期
PDF下载
124
54
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202406140
  • 接收时间:2024-06-11
  • 首发时间:2026-03-05
  • 出版时间:2024-10-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-11
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52076078)
国家自然科学基金项目(52076078)
作者信息
    1.国核电力规划设计研究院有限公司,北京 100095
    2.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京 102206

通讯作者:

张汉飞(1986),男,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为先进能量系统集成优化,
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/rlfd/CN/10.19666/j.rlfd.202406140
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏