Article(id=1236323804142695201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236323797054312545, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202505099, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1747584000000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-19, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1772692164692, onlineDateStr=2026-03-05, pubDate=1758729600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1772692164692, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1772692164692, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772692164692, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1236323797054312545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2025', volume='54', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='178', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1772692163003, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1772692223569, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1236324051153646111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236323797054312545, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1236324051153646112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1236323797054312545, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=104, endPage=109, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1236323804876698421, articleId=1236323804142695201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Study on adsorption properties and adsorption kinetics of resin-based air carbon capture adsorbents, columnId=1236323798149025895, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Special topic on low carbon power technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

A resin-based solid amine adsorbent was prepared based on in-situ synthesis technology. The effects of air humidity (30%~90%), adsorption temperature (30~90 ℃) and adsorption time on the adsorption performance of CO2 were investigated. Moreover, the adsorption kinetic characteristics of the adsorbents at different air humidities were studied. The results showed that, the maximum CO2 adsorption capacity of the resin-based solid amine adsorbents in the air reached 2.38 mmol/g, and the air humidity and adsorption temperature had significant effects on the adsorption rate. The optimal adsorption efficiency was obtained when the air humidity was higher than 50% and the adsorption temperature was 25~50 ℃. The adsorbent exhibits very good cycle stability due to its excellent high temperature resistance.

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基于原位合成工艺制备了一种树脂基固态胺吸附剂,并探究了相对空气湿度(30%~90%)、吸附温度(30~90 ℃)和吸附时间等因素对吸附剂CO2吸附性能的影响,同时研究了不同空气湿度下吸附剂的吸附动力学特性。研究表明:树脂基固态胺吸附剂在空气中的最大CO2吸附容量达到2.38 mmol/g,空气湿度和吸附温度对吸附速率具有显著影响,当空气湿度高于50%,吸附温度处于25~50 ℃时具有最佳的吸附效率;该吸附剂表现出很好的吸脱附循环稳定性,这归因于其出色的耐高温特性。

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张贵泉(1985),男,博士,高工,主要研究方向为碳捕集及储能技术,

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张贵泉(1985),男,博士,高工,主要研究方向为碳捕集及储能技术,

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张贵泉(1985),男,博士,高工,主要研究方向为碳捕集及储能技术,

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Kinetic parameters for carbon capture on the TPRI-RE-24 adsorbent

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空气湿度/%k/(×10–2·h–1)
504.5
6014.8
7027.0
8035.7
9033.0
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TPRI-RE-24吸附剂碳捕集反应动力学参数

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空气湿度/%k/(×10–2·h–1)
504.5
6014.8
7027.0
8035.7
9033.0
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树脂基空气碳捕集吸附剂性能及吸附动力学研究
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张贵泉 , 向小凤 , 王志超 , 蔡铭 , 高浩 , 龙国军 , 晋中华 , 徐党旗
热力发电 | 低碳电力技术研究专题 2025,54(9): 104-109
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热力发电 | 低碳电力技术研究专题 2025, 54(9): 104-109
树脂基空气碳捕集吸附剂性能及吸附动力学研究
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张贵泉 , 向小凤, 王志超, 蔡铭, 高浩, 龙国军, 晋中华, 徐党旗
作者信息
  • 西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西 西安 710054
  • 张贵泉(1985),男,博士,高工,主要研究方向为碳捕集及储能技术,

Study on adsorption properties and adsorption kinetics of resin-based air carbon capture adsorbents
Guiquan ZHANG , Xiaofeng XIANG, Zhichao WANG, Ming CAI, Hao GAO, Guojun LONG, Zhonghua JIN, Dangqi XU
Affiliations
  • Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co, Ltd, Xi’an 710054, China
出版时间: 2025-09-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202505099
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基于原位合成工艺制备了一种树脂基固态胺吸附剂,并探究了相对空气湿度(30%~90%)、吸附温度(30~90 ℃)和吸附时间等因素对吸附剂CO2吸附性能的影响,同时研究了不同空气湿度下吸附剂的吸附动力学特性。研究表明:树脂基固态胺吸附剂在空气中的最大CO2吸附容量达到2.38 mmol/g,空气湿度和吸附温度对吸附速率具有显著影响,当空气湿度高于50%,吸附温度处于25~50 ℃时具有最佳的吸附效率;该吸附剂表现出很好的吸脱附循环稳定性,这归因于其出色的耐高温特性。

空气碳捕集  /  树脂  /  吸附剂  /  性能  /  动力学

A resin-based solid amine adsorbent was prepared based on in-situ synthesis technology. The effects of air humidity (30%~90%), adsorption temperature (30~90 ℃) and adsorption time on the adsorption performance of CO2 were investigated. Moreover, the adsorption kinetic characteristics of the adsorbents at different air humidities were studied. The results showed that, the maximum CO2 adsorption capacity of the resin-based solid amine adsorbents in the air reached 2.38 mmol/g, and the air humidity and adsorption temperature had significant effects on the adsorption rate. The optimal adsorption efficiency was obtained when the air humidity was higher than 50% and the adsorption temperature was 25~50 ℃. The adsorbent exhibits very good cycle stability due to its excellent high temperature resistance.

air carbon capture  /  resin  /  adsorbent  /  performance  /  dynamics
张贵泉, 向小凤, 王志超, 蔡铭, 高浩, 龙国军, 晋中华, 徐党旗. 树脂基空气碳捕集吸附剂性能及吸附动力学研究. 热力发电, 2025 , 54 (9) : 104 -109 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202505099
Guiquan ZHANG, Xiaofeng XIANG, Zhichao WANG, Ming CAI, Hao GAO, Guojun LONG, Zhonghua JIN, Dangqi XU. Study on adsorption properties and adsorption kinetics of resin-based air carbon capture adsorbents[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2025 , 54 (9) : 104 -109 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202505099
空气直接碳捕集技术(direct air capture,DAC)是一种回收利用分布源排放CO2的技术[1-2],利用CO2与固体吸附剂活性位之间的作用力,直接选择性捕集空气中或40 Pa气体分压下低体积分数的CO2,从而降低大气CO2体积分数,是目前最具前景的碳捕集技术之一[3-4]。近年来,以固体胺改性的吸附剂材料在低体积分数CO2捕集方面获得广泛研究,并表现出良好的应用前景。如活性炭、沸石、金属有机框架(MOFs)、层状双氢氧化物、金属氧化物(CaO)等,掺杂碱基金属碳酸盐、胺基官能团等碱性位,通过对吸附材料表面进行化学改性,增加CO2捕集活性位点数量,从而提高吸附剂的吸附容量和选择性[5-8]。其中,聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)[8-9]修饰的多孔材料成为碳捕集材料的研究重点,在低分压下具有较高的CO2吸附性、选择性、热稳定性和可再生性。
美国康奈尔大学[10-11]针对中空纳米复合材料浸渍PEI和四乙烯五胺(TEPA)后的CO2捕集性能进行研究,其CO2吸附容量分别达到4.45、5.57 mmol/g(体积分数10% CO2,无水)。Heydari-gorji等人[12]将聚乙烯亚胺浸渍在不同孔结构的介孔硅材料上,发现低温下短孔道吸附剂具有更好的CO2吸附和脱附动力学,吸附量达到205 mg/g(25 ℃,体积分数100%CO2)。Wang等人[13]将聚乙烯亚胺搭载在介孔碳,加入表面活性剂可以改善低温下CO2吸附性能,在30 ℃下吸附量提高了约29%。研究表明,以硅基和碳基介孔材料为载体负载固态胺制备吸附剂材料,可显著提高其碳捕集性能,但此类载体材料合成工艺复杂,大规模应用受到限制[14-15]
吸附树脂材料具有耐水性强、强度高、不易破损的优点,此类商业化的多孔材料大幅降低了高效固态胺吸附剂的制备成本,在合成碳捕集固态吸附材料方面优势明显[16-17]。目前,存在的问题是采用常规手段将有机胺负载于树脂表面,具有活性位点易损耗、吸附剂稳定性较差的缺点[18-19]。为此,本研究采用原位合成工艺制备了一种TPRI-RE-24型树脂基固态胺吸附剂,在树脂合成过程中将胺基官能团原位生长于树脂孔道内部,显著抑制了升温脱碳过程中活性位点的流失,大大提高了吸附剂稳定性。本文采用吸附-脱附模拟实验对其空气碳捕集性能、影响因素和吸附动力学进行研究,分析了其在空气碳捕集中应用的可能性。
首先,将TPRI-RE-24型树脂基固态胺吸附剂置于真空干燥箱中40 ℃真空干燥6 h,然后将吸附剂置于恒温湿热箱中,通过恒温湿热箱控制吸附温度和相对空气湿度,吸附剂在空气气氛中(CO2体积分数约0.04%)吸附一定时间后置于吸附容量评价装置(图1)中进行升温脱附。吸附剂的吸附容量通过测定CO2脱附量计算。具体评价过程为:称量1 g完成吸附的树脂基固态胺吸附剂置于石英反应管内,通入氮气对脱附系统进行吹扫,氮气流量为500 mL/min;采用TD-400-SH型CO2分析仪监测床层出口,待CO2体积分数检测值降为零后,认为系统内空气排空;启动加热系统,对树脂基固态胺吸附剂进行加热,由25 ℃升温至90 ℃后恒温1 h,加热速率为5 ℃/min;采用CO2分析仪监测床层出口CO2体积分数,通过积分计算获得CO2吸附容量。
采用美国Micromeritics公司生产的ASAP 2460型比表面积和孔结构分析仪表征材料的比表面积和孔结构,使用低温N2(77 K)测试,使用Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)方法计算样品的比表面积,由脱附数据计算孔容孔径分布。采用德国Bruker公司生产的Vextex 70型傅里叶变换红外光谱仪进行红外光谱测试,扫描范围4 000~400 cm–1,KBr压片,分辨率为4 cm–1。采用瑞士METTLER公司生产的TGA/DSC3型热分析仪进行热重分析,高纯氮气(流量40 mL/min)保护气,测试温度50~400 ℃,升温速率10 ℃/min。
TPRI-RE-24型树脂基固态胺吸附剂空气碳捕集吸附容量随空气湿度的变化关系如图2所示。可见,随着空气湿度的增加,吸附剂的吸附容量呈现快速增加的趋势。当空气湿度为50%时吸附容量达到最大值2.38 mmol/g;继续升高空气湿度至80%的过程中,吸附容量趋于平稳;当空气湿度达到90%时吸附容量急剧降低。Xu等人[20-21]研究认为,CO2在固态胺吸附剂活性位点生成胺基甲酸酯离子,水分的存在推动胺基甲酸酯离子进一步与CO2和水分子反应生成碳酸氢盐,从而提高其吸附容量。可见,适宜的空气湿度有助于CO2捕集,然而过量的水分子可能堵塞吸附剂的孔道结构,从而抑制CO2向活性位点的扩散。
在空气湿度50%、温度25 ℃条件下,考察TPRI-RE-24型树脂基固态胺吸附剂在不同吸附时间下的吸附容量,结果如图3所示。由图3可见:随着吸附时间的增加,吸附容量整体呈上升趋势,当吸附时间低于8 h时吸附容量随吸附时间几乎呈线性增长,可见此时空气中CO2向活性位点的扩散速率成为碳捕集的控制因素;当吸附时间超过8 h后,吸附容量增加速率显著降低,此时吸附剂内部活性位点数量减少,CO2与活性位点的吸附成为碳捕集的控制因素。
控制相对空气湿度为50%,分别在25、40、50、60 ℃的吸附温度下吸附1 h后,TPRI-RE-24吸附剂对空气中CO2的吸附容量分别为0.36、0.48、0.51、0.20 mmol/g。随着温度的升高,吸附容量呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,并在50 ℃获得最大值。随着吸附温度升高,CO2在吸附剂孔道内的扩散速度及其与活性位点的反应速率大大提高;然而,有机胺与CO2的可逆化学反应是放热反应,温度过高会抑制有机胺活性位点与CO2的反应,因此当温度高于50 ℃后,脱附过程占据主导地位,CO2吸附容量降低[22]
对于CO2捕集,吸附剂不仅要具有较高的吸附能力,而且要具有较快的吸附速度,从而达到节能的目的。研究发现,空气湿度对TPRI-RE-24吸附剂的CO2吸附速率具有极大的影响,图4为不同空气湿度下在1~3 h内碳捕集量随吸附时间的变化关系。在考察的时间范围内,吸附容量随吸附时间呈线性增长;随着空气湿度从50%增加至90%,吸附速率显著提高;当空气湿度为90%时,1 h即可达到0.91 mmol/g的吸附容量。
为了进一步比较空气湿度对TPRI-RE-24吸附剂吸附性能的影响,分别考察了不同空气湿度下的反应动力学行为。假设TPRI-RE-24吸附剂上碳捕集反应遵循拟一级反应动力学规律,即:
ln(1/(1x))=k(tto)
式中:x为吸附率,即实际吸附量占总吸附容量的比值;k为反应速率常数,h–1t为吸附时间,h;to为反应诱导期,h。在相同空气湿度下,以ln(1/(1–x))为纵坐标,t为横坐标作图,采用线性回归方法得到ln(1/(1–x))与t的关系,结果如图5所示。由图5可见,在较宽的吸附时间范围内,ln(1/(1–x))与t呈现较好的线性关系,因此TPRI-RE-24吸附剂上碳捕集反应基本遵循拟一级反应动力学规律。
根据ln(1/(1–x))与t的线性关系求出不同空气湿度下TPRI-RE-24吸附剂上碳捕集反应的拟一级动力学反应速率常数k,结果见表1。由表1可见,随反应空气湿度的升高,k逐渐增大,当空气湿度为80%时k获得最大值,继续提高空气湿度为90%时k降低。
针对TPRI-RE-24吸附剂开展了8次吸附/脱附循环实验。实验条件为:在湿度50%、温度25 ℃的空气中吸附18 h后,在氮气氛围下90 ℃脱附1 h,如此重复数次,结果如图6所示。由图6可见,吸附剂的首次吸附容量为2.38 mmol/g,经过多次循环实验吸附剂的吸附容量略有波动,循环8次后吸附容量仍可达到2.23 mmol/g,仅降低了6.3%,表明该吸附剂可长期应用。
图7为TPRI-RE-24吸附剂的N2吸附/脱附表征结果。由图7可见:TPRI-RE-24吸附剂的N2吸附/脱附等温线表现为II型特征;由孔径分布曲线可知,该吸附剂的孔径分布在2~30 nm内,孔道主要由介孔和大孔组成;N2吸附/脱附等温线上H3型回滞环特征证明了狭缝型介孔的存在。通过拟合计算得知,TPRI-RE-24吸附剂的比表面积为4.4 m2/g,总孔体积为0.03 cm3/g,平均孔径为2.4 nm,明显低于常规树脂材料,可能是由于有机胺活性组分占据了大量的孔隙结构[22]
图8为TPRI-RE-24吸附剂的傅里叶变换红外光谱。由图8可见,TPRI-RE-24吸附剂的傅里叶变换红外光谱分别在702 cm–1和815 cm–1处检测到芳香族C-H键的弯曲振动吸收峰,在1 450 cm–1处检测到芳香族-CH2-键的弯曲振动吸收峰,在2 920 cm–1处检测到C-H键的伸缩振动吸收峰,均归属于聚苯乙烯树脂[23-24]。其次,在1 570 cm–1、3 286 cm–1和3 356 cm–1处分别检测到归属于伯胺基N-H键的弯曲振动、N-H键的非对称和对称伸缩振动特征峰,在1 317 cm–1处检测到归属于C-N键的对称伸缩振动特征峰,证明吸附剂上存在胺基基团[25]
图9为TPRI-RE-24吸附剂的热失重曲线。由图9可以看出,在考察的温度范围内TPRI-RE-24吸附剂呈现2个失重阶梯。10 mg吸附剂在50~120 ℃内失重10%,应该是吸附剂上水分和CO2的脱附过程;当温度升至350 ℃,吸附剂再次发生失重现象,这主要归因于树脂基体和有机胺的分解。可见,本研究制备的TPRI-RE-24型树脂基固态胺吸附剂热分解温度高于350 ℃,证明其具有很好的吸附/脱附循环稳定性,适用于变温吸附碳捕集工艺。
采用原位合成工艺制备的TPRI-RE-24型树脂基固态胺吸附剂表现出良好的空气碳捕集性能,在空气湿度高于50%、吸附温度25~50 ℃环境下,吸附8 h以上最高可获得2.38 mmol/g的CO2吸附容量。空气湿度对吸附剂的吸附速率具有显著影响,成为短期碳捕集速率的动力学控制因素,当空气湿度为80%时吸附速率常数获得最大值。该吸附剂的热分解温度高于350 ℃,证明其具有很好的吸附/脱附循环稳定性,适用于变温吸附碳捕集工艺。
  • 陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBSF-140)
  • 西安热工院有限公司研发基金资助(TD-23-TYK01)
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2025年第54卷第9期
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202505099
  • 接收时间:2025-05-19
  • 首发时间:2026-03-05
  • 出版时间:2025-09-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-19
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Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(2023-YBSF-140)
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBSF-140)
Research and Development Fund of Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co., Ltd.(TD-23-TYK01)
西安热工院有限公司研发基金资助(TD-23-TYK01)
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    西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西 西安 710054
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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