Article(id=1222513217679643525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1222513210519970621, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202302008, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1676390400000, receivedDateStr=2023-02-15, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1769399464291, onlineDateStr=2026-01-26, pubDate=1700841600000, pubDateStr=2023-11-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1769399464291, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1769399464291, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769399464291, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1222513210519970621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2023', volume='52', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='198', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1769399462585, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769405983425, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1222540560984957089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1222513210519970621, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1222540560984957090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1222513210519970621, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=159, endPage=164, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1222513219281867674, articleId=1222513217679643525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Experimental study on the hardening and loosening of ammonium bisulfate ash scale, columnId=1211002409397129992, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Power generation technology forum, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

During the operation of SCR flue gas denitrification system in coal-fired units, ammonium bisulfate (ABS) in flue gas causes ash scale slabbing at the cold end of the air preheater and increases the difficulty of purging and cleaning ash. To this end, ABS premixed ash samples were prepared and pressed and heated at different temperatures, and a new test method was designed to compare the changes in compressive strength of the samples and explore the influence law of ABS on the mechanical strength of ash scale. The experimental results showed that: 1) ABS premixed ash samples underwent physical agglomeration and chemical reaction during the heating of slabbing at 147-220 ℃, and the compressive strength was increased by about 95.50% at maximum, among which physical agglomeration played a dominant role with about 88%-89% influence and the influence of chemical reaction accounted for about 10%-12%; 2) ABS slabbed ash samples under heating at 220-300 ℃, ABS vaporization precipitation rate reached up to 96.43%, the ash sample from the slab state to loose, compressive strength from 195.50% of the blank sample to 110.17%. It is proved that the means of high temperature heating is feasible to reduce the ABS content in the blockage and create conditions for improving blowing and cleaning from the perspective of ash scale.

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燃煤机组选择性催化还原(SCR)烟气脱硝系统运行过程中,烟气中的硫酸氢铵(ABS)易造成空气预热器(空预器)冷端灰垢板结,增加了吹扫清灰难度。为此,实验制备ABS预混灰样压片并在不同温度下加热,设计新型检测方法比较样品抗压强度的变化,探索ABS对灰垢机械强度的影响规律。结果显示:1)ABS预混灰样在147~220 ℃加热板结过程中发生了物理团聚和化学反应,抗压强度最大提高了约95.50%,其中物理团聚起主导作用,影响程度约占88%~89%,化学反应的影响约占10%~12%;2)ABS板结灰样在220~300 ℃加热下,气化析出率最高达到96.43%,灰样由板结状态转为疏松,抗压强度由空白样品的195.50%降低到110.17%。证明通过高温加热降低堵塞物中ABS含量是可行的,为改进吹扫清灰创造了条件。

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赵雪成(1997),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为空气预热器堵塞清理技术,

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赵雪成(1997),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为空气预热器堵塞清理技术,

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赵雪成(1997),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为空气预热器堵塞清理技术,

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Study on the decomposition kinetics of ammonium bisulfate and its decomposition mechanism[J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1992(1): 125-129., articleTitle=Study on the decomposition kinetics of ammonium bisulfate and its decomposition mechanism, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241137063664341031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513217679643525, awardId=SGC2021121, language=EN, fundingSource=Technological Innovation of Key Industries in Suzhou(SGC2021121), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241137063781781549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513217679643525, awardId=SGC2021121, language=CN, fundingSource=苏州市重点产业技术创新项目(SGC2021121), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241137052725596786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513217679643525, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241137052733985395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513217679643525, companyId=1241137052725596786, 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articleId=1222513217679643525, language=CN, label=图8, caption=300 ℃下不同ABS质量分数样品抗压强度对比, figureFileSmall=4CeQZQLLIE5Bs5L63bUSVA==, figureFileBig=XsxPwoOzjfHTGaBzeAaJzw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241137061487497221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513217679643525, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Experimental data statistics

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号H3BO与灰质量比灰样质量/gH3BO3质量/gH3BO3质量分数/%
10.80:154.044.44
20.70:153.5041.18
30.60:153.0037.50
40.50:152.5033.33
50.45:152.2531.03
60.40:152.0028.57
70.35:151.7525.93
80.30:151.5023.08
90.25:151.2520.00
100.20:151.0016.67
110.25:150.7513.04
120.10:150.509.09
), ArticleFig(id=1241137061609132042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513217679643525, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

前置实验数据统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号H3BO与灰质量比灰样质量/gH3BO3质量/gH3BO3质量分数/%
10.80:154.044.44
20.70:153.5041.18
30.60:153.0037.50
40.50:152.5033.33
50.45:152.2531.03
60.40:152.0028.57
70.35:151.7525.93
80.30:151.5023.08
90.25:151.2520.00
100.20:151.0016.67
110.25:150.7513.04
120.10:150.509.09
), ArticleFig(id=1241137061718183951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513217679643525, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Orthogonal experiment project

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素孔径A/µm加热方式B加热时间C/min压片质量D/g各组分质量(ABS、H3BO3、灰)/g
水平175直接加热冷却205.000.10、1.50、3.40
水平2150加热冷却重复2次406.000.12、1.80、4.08
水平3不筛加热冷却重复3次607.000.14、2.10、4.76
), ArticleFig(id=1241137061806264339, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513217679643525, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

正交实验项目

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因素孔径A/µm加热方式B加热时间C/min压片质量D/g各组分质量(ABS、H3BO3、灰)/g
水平175直接加热冷却205.000.10、1.50、3.40
水平2150加热冷却重复2次406.000.12、1.80、4.08
水平3不筛加热冷却重复3次607.000.14、2.10、4.76
), ArticleFig(id=1241137061915316248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513217679643525, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Analysis of compressive strength of samples with different ABS content

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目160 ℃/300 ℃抗压强度/kPa160 ℃加热抗压强度提高/%300℃加热后
残余强度提高/%
物理团聚的影响占比/%化学反应的影响占比/%
A1(空白基准样品)36.87
A3(3.5%ABS质量分数)60.32/39.6863.607.6288.0211.98
A4(7.0%ABS质量分数)72.08/40.6295.5010.1789.3510.65
), ArticleFig(id=1241137062083088412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513217679643525, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同ABS含量样品抗压强度分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目160 ℃/300 ℃抗压强度/kPa160 ℃加热抗压强度提高/%300℃加热后
残余强度提高/%
物理团聚的影响占比/%化学反应的影响占比/%
A1(空白基准样品)36.87
A3(3.5%ABS质量分数)60.32/39.6863.607.6288.0211.98
A4(7.0%ABS质量分数)72.08/40.6295.5010.1789.3510.65
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硫酸氢铵对灰垢板结与疏松的影响研究
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赵雪成 1 , 何川 1 , 马云龙 1 , 卜俊峰 2 , 孔凡海 1 , 许波连 2 , 宋玉宝 1
热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2023,52(11): 159-164
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热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2023, 52(11): 159-164
硫酸氢铵对灰垢板结与疏松的影响研究
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赵雪成1 , 何川1, 马云龙1, 卜俊峰2, 孔凡海1, 许波连2, 宋玉宝1
作者信息
  • 1.西安热工研究院有限公司苏州分公司,江苏 苏州 215153
  • 2.南京大学化学化工学院,江苏 南京 210093
  • 赵雪成(1997),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为空气预热器堵塞清理技术,

Experimental study on the hardening and loosening of ammonium bisulfate ash scale
Xuecheng ZHAO1 , Chuan HE1, Yunlong MA1, Junfeng BU2, Fanhai KONG1, Bolian XU2, Yubao SONG1
Affiliations
  • 1.Suzhou Brarch, Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215153, China
  • 2.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Najing University, Nanjing 210093, China
出版时间: 2023-11-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202302008
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燃煤机组选择性催化还原(SCR)烟气脱硝系统运行过程中,烟气中的硫酸氢铵(ABS)易造成空气预热器(空预器)冷端灰垢板结,增加了吹扫清灰难度。为此,实验制备ABS预混灰样压片并在不同温度下加热,设计新型检测方法比较样品抗压强度的变化,探索ABS对灰垢机械强度的影响规律。结果显示:1)ABS预混灰样在147~220 ℃加热板结过程中发生了物理团聚和化学反应,抗压强度最大提高了约95.50%,其中物理团聚起主导作用,影响程度约占88%~89%,化学反应的影响约占10%~12%;2)ABS板结灰样在220~300 ℃加热下,气化析出率最高达到96.43%,灰样由板结状态转为疏松,抗压强度由空白样品的195.50%降低到110.17%。证明通过高温加热降低堵塞物中ABS含量是可行的,为改进吹扫清灰创造了条件。

空预器堵塞  /  硫酸氢铵  /  抗压强度  /  物理团聚  /  加热气化

During the operation of SCR flue gas denitrification system in coal-fired units, ammonium bisulfate (ABS) in flue gas causes ash scale slabbing at the cold end of the air preheater and increases the difficulty of purging and cleaning ash. To this end, ABS premixed ash samples were prepared and pressed and heated at different temperatures, and a new test method was designed to compare the changes in compressive strength of the samples and explore the influence law of ABS on the mechanical strength of ash scale. The experimental results showed that: 1) ABS premixed ash samples underwent physical agglomeration and chemical reaction during the heating of slabbing at 147-220 ℃, and the compressive strength was increased by about 95.50% at maximum, among which physical agglomeration played a dominant role with about 88%-89% influence and the influence of chemical reaction accounted for about 10%-12%; 2) ABS slabbed ash samples under heating at 220-300 ℃, ABS vaporization precipitation rate reached up to 96.43%, the ash sample from the slab state to loose, compressive strength from 195.50% of the blank sample to 110.17%. It is proved that the means of high temperature heating is feasible to reduce the ABS content in the blockage and create conditions for improving blowing and cleaning from the perspective of ash scale.

air preheater blockage  /  ammonium bisulfate  /  compressive strength  /  physical agglomeration  /  heating gasification
赵雪成, 何川, 马云龙, 卜俊峰, 孔凡海, 许波连, 宋玉宝. 硫酸氢铵对灰垢板结与疏松的影响研究. 热力发电, 2023 , 52 (11) : 159 -164 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202302008
Xuecheng ZHAO, Chuan HE, Yunlong MA, Junfeng BU, Fanhai KONG, Bolian XU, Yubao SONG. Experimental study on the hardening and loosening of ammonium bisulfate ash scale[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2023 , 52 (11) : 159 -164 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202302008
火电厂NOx排放一直备受人们关注[1-2],选择性催化还原(SCR)烟气脱硝技术是现有燃煤机组控制NOx排放的主流技术[3-5]。燃煤机组采用SCR烟气脱硝系统控制NOx排放时,因催化剂活性降低或喷氨量大造成出口NH3逃逸,逃逸的NH3会随着烟气进入下游设备。造成氨逃逸超标的主要原因:1)脱硝烟气流场不均匀,造成局部喷氨量过大引起逃逸;2)脱硝喷嘴存在堵塞现象,也引起局部喷氨量过大导致逃逸;3)对氨逃逸率监视手段有限;4)机组负荷波动频繁,NOx生成随负荷变化而变化,喷氨调节存在一定的滞后性,造成过喷现象;5)运行调整、监控手段还不完善,需要进一步总结经验。
而烟气中SO3的增加和逃逸氨导致生成硫酸氢铵(ABS)和硫酸铵(AS)[6]。在催化剂的作用下,SCR脱硝系统烟气中0.5%~1.5%的SO2被催化氧化为SO3[7],所生成的ABS在低温下导致空气预热器(空预器)灰垢板结堵塞,增加风机电耗和排烟温度[8]。空预器堵塞后,烟气量减少,排烟温度降低,扩大了ABS的沉积区域;另外,机组一直低负荷运行排烟温度偏低,也扩大了ABS的沉积区域,造成堵塞情况加重。
国内外对ABS的物性及其对灰垢的影响开展了众多研究。Hitachi-Zosen公司的Saleem等人[9]在1979年提出了ABS的结露温度与NH3和SO3浓度的对应关系。Burke等人[10]采用沉积系数表征ABS对空预器堵塞的影响程度。Menasha等人[11]发现,烟气中的ABS以气溶胶的形式存在而不是液珠。国内针对空预器ABS堵塞也开展了研究[12]。马双忱等[13]认为ABS与碱性物质发生反应产生硫酸盐(硫酸铁、钠),这些反应物吸附在大比表面积的小颗粒上并长大形成团聚。王云刚等[14]在低温省煤器试验中证实,ABS和各种可溶性硫酸盐的形成促进了细微颗粒的团聚。雷健康等[15]发现空预器元件上的ABS积灰强度是松散灰沉积强度的5倍以上,增大了吹扫清灰难度。刘宏卫等[16]发现提高排烟温度会使空预器的烟气侧压差有所下降。
为探索ABS对灰垢的内在影响,王诚雨[17]利用热台显徼镜观察合成灰样升温过程的形态变化。颜鲁[18]研究了预混和未混ABS灰粉样品的黏附率变化规律。张佳凯[19]利用竖式炉模拟研究了ABS积灰在油冷探针上的生长过程,以及探针壁面温度、ABS浓度的影响规律。上述研究探索了ABS灰垢沉积过程,从降低ABS灰垢强度角度提出了堵塞治理新途径[20],但还需开展ABS对灰垢板结影响规律的量化研究。
结合烟气升温清除空预器ABS堵塞的运行经验[21],本文制备了ABS预混灰样压片并进行加热处理,对其抗压强度的变化规律开展了定量分析实验研究,揭示ABS致灰垢板结的主导作用机理是物理团聚,而高温加热析出ABS可使板结灰垢疏松而降低机械强度。
在空预器设计温度区间,AS为固态粉末状,对催化剂性能和下游空预器的影响较小,但存在AS分解成ABS的现象。空预器常规设计烟气阻力为1.0 kPa[22],在SCR脱硝系统氨逃逸产生的ABS作用下,烟气阻力会增加到1.5~2.5 kPa,甚至高达2.5~4.2 kPa,严重增加机组能耗[23]。ABS的沸点温度为350 ℃,熔点为147 ℃。空预器运行中进口烟温320~400 ℃,出口烟温120~140 ℃。ABS在146~207 ℃内为液态,该区域被称为ABS区域,烟气中的飞灰吸附在部分ABS上,形成黏性很大的黏结物沉积在空预器换热元件的表面造成空预器换热元件堵塞。图1为空预器换热元件堵塞照片,其中换热元件上的灰白色部分为沉积的黏结物[24]
通过实验得出,ABS在固态下与飞灰的结合性并不高,ABS在常温常压下为固态,并不具有较高的黏附性,而与灰粉混合后形态更是无法满足后续进行的机械强度检测。所以,借鉴其他实验方法,在制作抗压强度测试样品时加入一定比例的H3BO3后,再将样品置于冲压机下加压,使其成为具有固定形态和截面积的统一样品。而加入H3BO3导致了灰粉的初始机械强度变高,因此还需要设计前置实验,以尽可能排除H3BO3所带来的机械强度的改变影响。
制作成型样品需经过电热烘箱高温加热。因加热时间、温度等因素的不同,产生不同的实验样品。
实验用煤灰取自电厂锅炉尾部飞灰,筛分后的平均粒径为75 µm。ABS粉末与H3BO3为A-R级别试剂,来自上海阿拉丁试剂有限公司。在ABS粉体与飞灰的混合物中,添加约30%质量分数的H3BO3,在10.7 t压力下冲压制备如图2所示的圆柱体样品压片。
在电热烘箱内,样品压片在220 ℃以下进行低温加热ABS熔融处理,在220 ℃以上进行高温加热ABS气化处理,加热时间为2 h。
ABS预混灰样压片采用抗压测试仪进行抗压破坏实验,当样品出现破坏时,停止机器压力施加,记录样品所能承受的抗压强度,以此来表征ABS灰垢样品的机械强度。
样品的理化特性采用XPS(PHI5000 VersaProbe)、TG(耐驰STA449F3)及SEM电镜(S-3400N)等分析仪测试。
前置实验通过加入H3BO3增加样品初始状态(混合未加热)的机械强度,冲压后成型继。前置实验数据统计见表1。每份样品均在室温18.7 ℃,空气湿度30%的环境条件下进行压片机冲压制作。样品的冲压压力最大均为10.7 t,样品是直径为4 cm的圆柱体(受压面积为12.57 cm²),承受压强为8.55 MPa。
当样品中H3BO3质量分数降到30%左右时,样品边缘出现灰粉脱落现象,当样品中H3BO3质量分数继续降低时,样品开始出现断裂及大面积破损。图2为样品冲压制备实物。而最佳的H3BO3质量为30%,此时样品完好,而其中H3BO3的质量分数也较低。
在人工添加ABS试剂与灰粉预混制样抗压实验中,除ABS质量分数外,其板结程度还受多方面因素如筛网细度、加热方式、加热时间及压片质量的影响。为了确定各影响因素的最佳水平,本文进行了多因素正交实验(L9(34)型),制备了9个实验样品,以确定后续实验的初始实验参数,最终通过抗压强度来衡量。表2为正交实验项目。
在实验范围内,分析各影响因素极差对实验指标的影响。某影响因素的极差最大,表示该影响因素的数值在实验范围内变化时,使实验指标数值的变化最大。各影响因素极差R图3所示。由图3可见:灰样孔径及样品的质量对于实验有较大影响;加热时间和加热方式对于实验的影响较小。
ABS预混样品压片的SEM电镜实验结果如图4所示。由图4可见,ABS预混灰样加热后的颗粒形态发生了变化。空白样品中灰样由松散小颗粒组成;加入ABS粉体后,在室温下ABS为固态,其与灰样颗粒没有发生团聚行为,少量灰粒因ABS吸湿而吸附在ABS颗粒周围;在160 ℃加热2 h并冷却至室温后,ABS与灰样形成大颗粒团聚物;在300 ℃加热2 h并冷却至室温后,大颗粒团聚物消失,少部分ABS残留在样品中,灰粒恢复松散状态。电镜图像显示,固态ABS在160 ℃下液化后,与灰样颗粒发生了粘结团聚行为,而进一步加热到300 ℃后,液态ABS气化析出导致团聚状态的颗粒群恢复到松散状态。
ABS预混样品在30~800 ℃内的TG加热失重曲线如图5所示,加热速率为10 ℃/min。由图5可见,在150 ℃以上水分蒸发失重后,样品从227.36 ℃时开始第2次失重,到450 ℃质量趋于稳定,期间样品质量降低2.18%,这些析出物质是气态ABS。XPS检测加热后样品中的ABS质量分数为0.28%,样品残留的ABS约为原样品ABS的11.38%。残留在样品中的ABS与灰样中的碱性氧化物发生了化学反应,生成了NH4Al(SO4)2、CaSO4·2H2O等新物质,这与文献[18]在ABS灰垢中检测到了NH4Fe(SO4)2·12H2O、NH4Al (SO4)2·12H2O等新物质相吻合。
制备压片样品直径为40 mm,厚度为8 mm,受压表面积为12.56 cm2。其中,A1、A2、A3及A4样品的ABS质量分数分别为0、2.0%、3.5%及7.0%。
图6为160 ℃下不同ABS质量分数样品抗压强度对比。在图6中,纵坐标表示样品对应抗压强度变化,横坐标表示样品名称。由图6可见:在160 ℃低温加热下,样品压片中的ABS质量分数从0逐渐增加到2.0%、3.5%、7.0%;样品的抗压强度从空白样品的147.48 kPa增加到288.33 kPa,增加了约95.50%。
在ABS与灰样预混加热板结过程中发生了物理团聚和化学反应,为分析2种作用机制对灰样机械强度的影响,开展灰样抗压实验研究。在不同温度下,对A4样品进行了加热处理[25],样品的抗压强度和ABS质量分数变化如图7所示。在图7中,纵坐标表示样品对应抗压强度变化及对应加热温度下ABS剩余含量,横坐标表示加热温度。由图7可见:在147~220 ℃低温加热过程中,灰样中的ABS熔融致样品抗压强度增加,样品的抗压强度由约150 kPa增加到约300 kPa;在220~300 ℃强高温加热过程中,样品中的ABS气化析出,样品中的ABS质量分数由7.00%降至0.18%~0.25%,最大降幅为97.42%,抗压强度也降低到约155 kPa,接近于加热前的基准抗压强度。
图8为300 ℃下不同ABS质量分数样品抗压强度对比。由图8可见,在300 ℃高温加热下,ABS空白样品压片的抗压强度基本没有改变,而其他3个样品的抗压强度降低幅度较大,其中A4样品的抗压强度由160 ℃的288.33 kPa降低到162.48 kPa,降低到约为空白样品抗压强度的110.17%。图8还显示,经过高温加热后,样品压片中的ABS质量分数降低到约0.19%,A4样品的ABS气化析出率达到97.28%。
为了区分物理团聚和化学反应对灰样抗压强度的影响幅度,将160 ℃低温加热熔融ABS和在300 ℃加热析出ABS后的灰样抗压强度汇总于表3。由表3可见:在ABS物理团聚和化学反应的综合作用下,A3和A4灰样板结后抗压强度分别提高了63.6%和95.50%;而在高温加热后残留ABS的化学作用下,A3和A4灰样板结后抗压强度分别只提高了7.62%和10.17%。由此可见,物理团聚对灰样板结的增强影响约占88%~89%,而化学反应的影响约占10%~12%。
1)ABS预混灰样压片在147~220 ℃低温加热
下,ABS致灰样板结而抗压强度最高增加了95.50%,其中物理团聚作用约占88%~89%,而化学反应的影响约占10%~12%。
2)ABS预混灰样压片在220~300 ℃高温加热下,板结灰样气化析出ABS而疏松,A4质量分数为7.0%样品的抗压强度由空白样品的195.50%降低到110.17%。
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202302008
  • 接收时间:2023-02-15
  • 首发时间:2026-01-26
  • 出版时间:2023-11-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-02-15
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Technological Innovation of Key Industries in Suzhou(SGC2021121)
苏州市重点产业技术创新项目(SGC2021121)
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    1.西安热工研究院有限公司苏州分公司,江苏 苏州 215153
    2.南京大学化学化工学院,江苏 南京 210093
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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