Article(id=1222513213527286678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1222513210519970621, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202306084, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1687190400000, receivedDateStr=2023-06-20, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1769399463302, onlineDateStr=2026-01-26, pubDate=1700841600000, pubDateStr=2023-11-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1769399463302, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1769399463302, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769399463302, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1222513210519970621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2023', volume='52', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='198', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1769399462585, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769405983425, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1222540560984957089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1222513210519970621, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1222540560984957090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1222513210519970621, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=165, endPage=172, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1222513215326643139, articleId=1222513213527286678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Development and application of time-series data query and statistic component based on supervisory graph, columnId=1211002409397129992, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Power generation technology forum, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The function of query and statistics of data is always the basis of production management and decision-making businesses. According to the results of information construction and applications for many years, the mode, function and performance of data query and statistics still do not satisfy the actual needs. A component for data query and statistics based on supervisory graph software is proposed and developed. Through the design of data path architecture, the optimization of query and statistics mechanism, the developed component has achieved personalized management, lightweight analysis and flexible query of real-time data. The query and statistic component and data link mode developed in this study have been tested and applied in practice. The results show that the function of data query and statistics achieves loose coupling with database. The component can support both the operation modes of C/S and B/S, and provide unified query and statistics of data through supervisory graph from multi-data sources and multi-level organizations. The efficiency of data query and trend query reaches or approaches the level of database native management tools, and is better than that of conventional supervisory information system (SIS) websites. The integration mechanism of data components based on graph with SIS data query and report system is proposed, which helps to reduce the repetitive cost of data use.

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生产数据的查询统计功能始终是各生产管理业务分析决策的基础,多年信息化建设及其应用效果显示,数据查询的模式、功能和性能仍不能满足实际需求。基于此,提出并开发了基于监控画面软件的数据查询统计组件,通过对组件的数据链路架构的设计、数据读取和统计机制的优化、数据资源的共享和备份等方面的开发和思考,实现了对生产实时数据的个性化管理、轻量级分析、灵活性读取的良好效果。所开发的画面标签组件和数据链路模式经过测试和实际应用表明,基于画面的数据查询统计功能与数据库实现了松耦合,支持C/S和B/S 2种部署模式和国产化替代需求,支持集成多数据源和多层级机构下的画面数据统一查询。其数据查询效率和趋势查询效率达到或接近数据库原生管理工具的水平,优于常规监控信息系统(supervisory information system,SIS)网站的查询效率。最后,提出了监控画面标签组件功能与SIS数据查询、报表系统的整合共享机制,有助于降低数据使用的重复工作成本。

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罗睿(1986),男,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电力企业信息化及智能化应用,

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罗睿(1986),男,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电力企业信息化及智能化应用,

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基于电力生产画面的时序数据查询统计组件开发及应用
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罗睿 1 , 何清 1 , 陈丰 2 , 王毅 1 , 田晨 1 , 李小波 1 , 韩秀清 1
热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2023,52(11): 165-172
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热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2023, 52(11): 165-172
基于电力生产画面的时序数据查询统计组件开发及应用
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罗睿1 , 何清1, 陈丰2, 王毅1, 田晨1, 李小波1, 韩秀清1
作者信息
  • 1.西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西 西安 710054
  • 2.华能国际电力股份有限公司,北京 100031
  • 罗睿(1986),男,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电力企业信息化及智能化应用,

Development and application of time-series data query and statistic component based on supervisory graph
Rui LUO1 , Qing HE1, Feng CHEN2, Yi WANG1, Chen TIAN1, Xiaobo LI1, Xiuqing HAN1
Affiliations
  • 1.Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710054, China
  • 2.Huaneng Power International Inc., Beijing 100031, China
出版时间: 2023-11-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202306084
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生产数据的查询统计功能始终是各生产管理业务分析决策的基础,多年信息化建设及其应用效果显示,数据查询的模式、功能和性能仍不能满足实际需求。基于此,提出并开发了基于监控画面软件的数据查询统计组件,通过对组件的数据链路架构的设计、数据读取和统计机制的优化、数据资源的共享和备份等方面的开发和思考,实现了对生产实时数据的个性化管理、轻量级分析、灵活性读取的良好效果。所开发的画面标签组件和数据链路模式经过测试和实际应用表明,基于画面的数据查询统计功能与数据库实现了松耦合,支持C/S和B/S 2种部署模式和国产化替代需求,支持集成多数据源和多层级机构下的画面数据统一查询。其数据查询效率和趋势查询效率达到或接近数据库原生管理工具的水平,优于常规监控信息系统(supervisory information system,SIS)网站的查询效率。最后,提出了监控画面标签组件功能与SIS数据查询、报表系统的整合共享机制,有助于降低数据使用的重复工作成本。

实时数据  /  数据查询  /  厂级监控信息系统  /  组件  /  生产画面

The function of query and statistics of data is always the basis of production management and decision-making businesses. According to the results of information construction and applications for many years, the mode, function and performance of data query and statistics still do not satisfy the actual needs. A component for data query and statistics based on supervisory graph software is proposed and developed. Through the design of data path architecture, the optimization of query and statistics mechanism, the developed component has achieved personalized management, lightweight analysis and flexible query of real-time data. The query and statistic component and data link mode developed in this study have been tested and applied in practice. The results show that the function of data query and statistics achieves loose coupling with database. The component can support both the operation modes of C/S and B/S, and provide unified query and statistics of data through supervisory graph from multi-data sources and multi-level organizations. The efficiency of data query and trend query reaches or approaches the level of database native management tools, and is better than that of conventional supervisory information system (SIS) websites. The integration mechanism of data components based on graph with SIS data query and report system is proposed, which helps to reduce the repetitive cost of data use.

real-time data  /  data query  /  supervisory information system  /  module  /  supervisory graph
罗睿, 何清, 陈丰, 王毅, 田晨, 李小波, 韩秀清. 基于电力生产画面的时序数据查询统计组件开发及应用. 热力发电, 2023 , 52 (11) : 165 -172 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202306084
Rui LUO, Qing HE, Feng CHEN, Yi WANG, Chen TIAN, Xiaobo LI, Xiuqing HAN. Development and application of time-series data query and statistic component based on supervisory graph[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2023 , 52 (11) : 165 -172 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202306084
发电行业的生产数据是实现业务信息化所依赖的核心元素[1],要进一步实现生产管理业务的数字化和智能化[2],数据查询统计是基础[3-4],也是现场最普遍的业务需求[5-7]。目前发电企业已形成了从分散控制系统(distributed control system,DCS)[8]、厂级监控信息系统(supervisory information system,SIS)[9-11]到管理信息系统(management information system,MIS)[12]的业务数字化全覆盖[13]。用户可通过生产监视画面、数据库管理客户端、网站查询3种方式[14]获取数据,但查询方式、查询功能和性能[15]仍无法完全满足实际需求。
数据库管理客户端只支持同厂商数据库的数据查询[16]。网站查询方便普通用户操作[17],但使用前需要事先知道数据标签编码,对非热工专业的用户并不友好,每次录入标签编码也不够便捷。
通过生产监视画面的数据查找统计模式最符合使用习惯。用户不需记住标签编码,可随时从画面上选取关注的数据进行查询统计,但是仍存在不足之处:1)行业内各监控画面软件严重依赖特定厂商的数据库,如OSI公司的PI-ActiveView[18]、eDNA数据库图形EDNA View[19]、麦杰数据库画面GView[20]等,监视画面软件与数据库是强耦合关系;2)监视画面缺少对标签组的管理和个性化查询功能;3)数据查询统计的准确性存在不足,如查询数据历史断面值会依赖数据库的插值方式[21],数据库厂商和版本的不同可能导致查询误差;4)海量数据、长时间跨度、多用户并发的查询效率低下甚至软件崩溃。因此,本文提出并开发了基于电力生产画面的数据查询统计组件,以解决目前数据查询的通用性、便捷性、功能和性能短板。
本文开发构建了能够兼容C/S和B/S 2种部署应用模式的生产画面监视软件,具体如图1所示。其中C/S架构适用于发电企业基于浏览器插件或画面客户端的监视模式。通过TCP通信协议建立画面文件上的数据源与数据代理中间件的数据传输关系,再通过代理中间件从数据库API获得数据。
C/S运行模式下画面的交互能力较强,处理数据速度较快,但存在浏览器插件的安全漏洞风险。从跨平台、数据安全及去插件化角度,B/S模式逐步成为主流[22]。画面html5文件采用https的应用层协议通过WebService获取数据。WebService采用ASP.Net搭建,通过TCP协议将数据请求发给数据代理中间件,统一从数据库API获取数据。
图1可看出,该架构具有如下特点和优势:1)电力生产监视画面软件与数据库松耦合,数据代理中间件使得画面软件具备与不同厂商、类型和版本的数据库组合使用的能力,数据的分析统计功能可以在中间件中实现,降低了对数据库原生统计函数的依赖;2)生产监视画面在C/S和B/S模式下的统一和无缝转换,可适应电厂不同画面版本的升级和国产化替代需求;3)该架构使得生产画面支持集成多数据源,可在厂站级、区域公司级和集团级进行部署应用,实现图形监视平台统一,也符合电站智能化体系建设的需要[23]
电力现场不仅要求对生产过程在线监视和历史回放功能,还需要基于画面直接选择数据进行查询和统计分析。因此,本文提出并开发基于监视画面的标签点管理组件(画面点组),以实现对生产数据的快捷查询、灵活管理和高效统计。
生产监控画面的点组将实时数据查询模块、历史数据查询模块、历史断面模块以及数学统计模块整合在一个组件窗口中,支持对从画面选择的标签组进行管理和个性化存储,实现“画面选点,自由成组,一键查询,可存可移”的效果。图2是画面点组对数据标签的全生命管理流程,展示了提供快捷、轻量化、订制化的大数据查询服务能力。
点组是管理数据标签的基础单元,具有丰富且轻量化的元素管理功能,可通过监视画面软件的点组模块集中创建,也可以在浏览画面中随时新建。点组的数据标签支持数据库搜索和画面即时添加2种方式。点组建好后,可对组内的数据标签统一查询、对比、统计、趋势分析等。点组信息可保存本地或服务端,方便个性化备份和迁移。
目前,当数据查询模块或数据组中的测点较多时,查询效率较低,响应速度影响实际使用。本文提出的画面点组在查询时采用多线程异步数据查询方式、分页数据展示方法和数据缓存技术,以提升数据的查询效率和效果,并分别在测试环境和现场应用。图3对比了在测试环境下的画面点组、SIS网站和数据库管理客户端的查询效率。由图3可见,数据库本身对插值和样本值查询机制雷同,区别在于插值查询方式因为需要计算各时刻插值而额外耗费时间,但最终取决于查询数据总量。随着查询数据量的增加,3种查询方式的耗时均明显增大。特别在查询时间跨度超过24 h,SIS查询耗时急剧增加,这是由数据量超过一定限度后数据库查询、web接口转换、页面渲染多个环节的耗时增加共振导致的。在大规模数据量查询时,画面点组具有比SIS网站更高的查询效率。图4比较了3种查询方式在2个电厂实际应用环境下的查询效率,与测试环境下的结论一致。这表明画面点组的查询性能优于网站查询,比数据库管理工具次之。
历史数据的趋势查询[24]需要从数据库读取特定标签的特定时段历史数据,还要在画面上进行渲染绘制,因此趋势查询耗时会低于数据查询。目前趋势画面在处理多趋势线的历史数据加载和趋势显示时,采用同步数据加载历史数据方式。当趋势线过多时,会出现数据加载迟缓和界面卡顿等现象。考虑到趋势调取数据量庞大和处理效率低的问题,部分电厂的SIS监视画面只开放1个趋势窗口。这限制了用户对运行系统全方位分析需求。
本文开发的点组趋势功能采用后台子线程异步历史数据加载方式,数据加载和趋势显示效率更高。趋势画面插件从原先只支持1个趋势窗口,提升到可支持同时显示4个趋势窗口,具体如图5所示。图6是某电厂现场分别用画面点组和数据库管理工具进行趋势调取的效率对比。
图6可见,趋势读取耗时随着每次查询时间跨度的变大非线性增长,尤其在调取超过100 h时间跨度以上的趋势时耗时显著增加。另外,单次同时查询历史趋势的并发标签数越多,趋势耗时越长。这说明,趋势查询耗时受并发查询的标签数量和时间跨度影响,体现了单次查询总量对查询耗时的决定性作用。
数据库管理工具在查询趋势线不大(5条)时或者在时间跨度小于100 h,查询效率优于画面点组。但当趋势线并发查询量或时间跨度增加时,耗时明显增加,查询效率上不如画面点组。这也是数据库管理工具限制最多并发8条趋势线的原因。
目前生产监控画面的数据统计,一般通过所连实时数据库自身提供的统计函数API实现,无法适应现场灵活多变的统计需求[25]
图7为基于画面的数据统计功能实现架构。画面点组可以使用数据库函数或代理中间件2种统计模式。前者依赖于数据库提供的接口函数,统计的算法和结果由数据库直接提供,如图7的途径①;后者通过代理中间件的统计模块进行数据统计,流程如图7的途径②所示。
具体过程如下:1)画面点组将用户请求的标签名、起始时间、结束时间、统计方式等发送给代理中间件;2)数据库代理中间件接受任务队列中的打包信息并解析;3)代理中间件根据统计需求调用对应统计模块;4)代理中间件的统计模块通过数据库读历史区间API接口获取历史数据;5)代理中间件调用算法模块对历史数据集进行统计;6)统计结果通过代理中间件返回画面点组。
为了验证画面点组的数据统计效率,在某现场分别测试了1个标签和10个标签在不同时间跨度下的统计耗时,具体如图8所示。由图8可知,随时间跨度和统计标签数量增加,各种方式的统计耗时都随之增加。在短时间跨度、少量标签情况下画面点组统计耗时接近数据库配套的画面查询模块。但是,随着时间跨度和标签量的增加,画面点组的耗时显著增大。这是因为基于数据库代理中间件的统计模式,需要从数据库中读取大量原始数据再进行统计,读取工作耗时较多。而数据库配套的画面查询模块只需调用数据库内嵌的统计函数的统计结果,节省了大量数据的读写耗时。
但是,画面点组统计功能对不同厂商数据库更具通用性,也更易脱离数据库扩展统计功能。即使耗费了数据吞吐的工作资源,其统计效率总体也能达到或接近数据库原版配套画面的水平。
人员通过画面软件对数据和趋势的个性化查询统计,会受到本地计算机资源调度情况、网络情况以及数据库并发处理性能等多方面影响,同步模式加载趋势可能发生使用卡顿或软件进度崩溃意外。因此,本文对于耗时的事务采用后台多线程并行异步历史数据加载方式,数据加载和趋势显示效率更高。另外,针对用户的标签组配置数据,采用实时自动备份机制实现数据保护。当画面软件崩溃造成标签组配置信息丢失时,用户可以通过导入自动备份进行恢复,具体如图9所示。
多年来的应用实践表明,人员对数据的使用不会像区分的功能模块一样割裂,而是在监控画面时随时想查询调用数据,查询数据随时需要统计分析乃至形成报表。画面点组可共享数据资源的配置信息,优化数据利用途径,降低为了数据价值而付出的重复劳动,图10为画面标签组件与SIS基础功能的整合。由图10可见:首先,将画面点组与SIS数据查询的标签组数据表统一,实现通过数据查询或画面点组建立的标签组信息共享,打通标签组建立方式的壁垒;其次,画面点组查询统计结果支持报表导出,查询统计所包含的标签信息和统计函数也可自动生成报表配置模板,共享到SIS报表系统实现模板复用。
1)提出并优化了监管画面软件的数据链路和架构,实现监控画面软件与数据库的松耦合,满足C/S和B/S 2种模式和国产化替代需求,支持集成多数据源和多层级下的生产过程监视。
2)基于画面软件建立个性灵活的标签点组管理模式,其数据查询效率和趋势查询效率达到或接近数据库原生管理工具的效率水平,优于网站的数据查询栏目的处理效率。
3)通过优化数据链路实现和丰富了画面点组的统计功能,摆脱了对数据库固有统计函数的依赖。统计效率可满足实际应用需求。
4)提升了画面点组的可靠性,形成了与SIS查询统计功能的关联和共享机制,提高了技术管理人员的数据利用效率。
  • 西安热工研究院有限公司科技项目(TT-22-SAK04)
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2023年第52卷第11期
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202306084
  • 接收时间:2023-06-20
  • 首发时间:2026-01-26
  • 出版时间:2023-11-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-20
基金
Science and Technology Project of Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co., Ltd.(TT-22-SAK04)
西安热工研究院有限公司科技项目(TT-22-SAK04)
作者信息
    1.西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西 西安 710054
    2.华能国际电力股份有限公司,北京 100031
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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