Article(id=1222513212239631068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1222513210519970621, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202301299, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=1674576000000, revisedDateStr=2023-01-25, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1769399462994, onlineDateStr=2026-01-26, pubDate=1700841600000, pubDateStr=2023-11-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1769399462994, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1769399462994, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769399462994, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1222513210519970621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2023', volume='52', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='198', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1769399462585, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769405983425, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1222540560984957089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1222513210519970621, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1222540560984957090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1222513210519970621, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=186, endPage=192, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1222513212520649438, articleId=1222513212239631068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Study on anticorrosion of waste heat boiler economizer fin tube of gas turbine generator unit in standby state, columnId=1211002409397129992, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Power generation technology forum, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

During frequent long-term standby state of gas turbine generator unit, the surface of 08Al carbon steel of waste heat boiler economizer fin tube will have serious corrosion problems. In this paper, the macroscopic corrosion phenomenon and corrosion rate of 08Al carbon steel above the critical humidity were studied by the method of hanging piece and electrical resistance probe. The results show that the corrosion rate of 08Al carbon steel is the fastest in the first 5 days under the constant environment of 20 ℃ and relative humidity of 70%, and the corrosion depth reaches up to 0.85 μm, accounting for 47.7% of the total change in the whole process. However, the most obvious corrosion phenomenon, including the change of weight and the surface corrosion area, occurred from about the 19th to the 25th day. With the relative humidity gradually increasing from the critical humidity of 70% (ambient temperature 20 ℃), the corrosion evaluation indexes of 08Al carbon steel show a linear upward trend. Nitrogen filling maintenance strategy under long-term standby state was formulated, effectively alleviating the corrosion condition of economizer fin tube of waste heat boiler.

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针对燃气轮机发电机组频繁长期停机备用期间,余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管08Al碳钢表面腐蚀严重的问题,通过挂片法和电阻探针法,研究08Al碳钢在临界湿度以上环境下的宏观腐蚀现象及腐蚀速率。结果表明:在恒定的20 ℃及相对湿度70%环境下,08Al碳钢在前5天的腐蚀速率最快,腐蚀深度达到了0.85 μm,占整个过程总变化量的47.7%;腐蚀现象变化最为明显的过程,包括质量及表面腐蚀面积比例的变化,发生在约第19~25天;随着相对湿度从临界湿度70%逐渐增加(环境温度20 ℃),08Al碳钢的各项腐蚀评价指标均呈线性上升趋势。根据研究结果制定的燃气轮机发电机组长期停机备用下的充氮保养策略,可有效缓解余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管的腐蚀状况。

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周永刚(1977),男,硕士,副研究员,主要研究方向为燃煤电厂清洁高效智能燃烧,
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俞哲锋(1979),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电力系统生产管理,

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俞哲锋(1979),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电力系统生产管理,

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tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241137065144930418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513212239631068, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同相对湿度下金属材料的各项腐蚀指标, figureFileSmall=JCB658n2RdL3Rg/N1JQWhg==, figureFileBig=bpV+N02etuPYWevYAZetFg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241137065241399415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513212239631068, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Chemical composition of 08Al carbon steel

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元素成分元素成分
C0.08P0.03
Mn0.37S0.03
Si0.03Cu0.21
Cr0.02Alt0.05
Ni0.23
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08Al碳钢的化学成分

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元素成分元素成分
C0.08P0.03
Mn0.37S0.03
Si0.03Cu0.21
Cr0.02Alt0.05
Ni0.23
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Composition of atmosphere of waste heat boiler economizer in standby state

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气体体积分数气体体积分数
N277.60SO2≤0.10
O220.66CO≤0.10
H2O0.53HCl≤0.01
CO20.85
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停机期间余热锅炉省煤器气氛组成

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气体体积分数气体体积分数
N277.60SO2≤0.10
O220.66CO≤0.10
H2O0.53HCl≤0.01
CO20.85
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Change of corrosion area and weight of metal hanger surface under different corrosion duration

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腐蚀天数腐蚀天数/d0515306090
金属挂片质量变化∆m/mg01.252.108.2514.6916.34
金属挂片裸露表面图像
根据像素颜色RGB值图像处理
表面腐蚀表面腐蚀面积比例P/%0.33.613.875.282.688.2
), ArticleFig(id=1241137065702772889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513212239631068, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同腐蚀时长下金属挂片表面腐蚀面积比例和质量变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
腐蚀天数腐蚀天数/d0515306090
金属挂片质量变化∆m/mg01.252.108.2514.6916.34
金属挂片裸露表面图像
根据像素颜色RGB值图像处理
表面腐蚀表面腐蚀面积比例P/%0.33.613.875.282.688.2
), ArticleFig(id=1241137065816019102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513212239631068, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Surface corrosion area and weight change of metal hanger under different humidity

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相对湿度/%7075808590
金属挂片质量变化∆m/mg2.103.303.753.904.95
根据像素颜色值图像处理
表面腐蚀面积比例P/%13.819.619.929.430.9
), ArticleFig(id=1241137065954431141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1222513212239631068, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同湿度下金属挂片表面腐蚀面积和质量变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
相对湿度/%7075808590
金属挂片质量变化∆m/mg2.103.303.753.904.95
根据像素颜色值图像处理
表面腐蚀面积比例P/%13.819.619.929.430.9
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燃气轮机发电机组备用中余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管防腐研究
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俞哲锋 1 , 陶振涛 2 , 许茂贤 1 , 闫凤平 1 , 周永刚 2 , 黄岳 1 , 赵虹 2
热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2023,52(11): 186-192
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热力发电 | 发电技术论坛 2023, 52(11): 186-192
燃气轮机发电机组备用中余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管防腐研究
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俞哲锋1 , 陶振涛2, 许茂贤1, 闫凤平1, 周永刚2 , 黄岳1, 赵虹2
作者信息
  • 1.浙江浙能常山天然气发电有限公司,浙江 常山 324000
  • 2.浙江大学热能工程研究所(能源清洁利用国家重点实验室),浙江 杭州 310027
  • 俞哲锋(1979),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电力系统生产管理,

通讯作者:

周永刚(1977),男,硕士,副研究员,主要研究方向为燃煤电厂清洁高效智能燃烧,
Study on anticorrosion of waste heat boiler economizer fin tube of gas turbine generator unit in standby state
Zhefeng YU1 , Zhentao TAO2, Maoxian XU1, Fengping YAN1, Yonggang ZHOU2 , Yue HUANG1, Hong ZHAO2
Affiliations
  • 1.Zhejiang Zheneng Changshan Natural Gas Power Generation Co., Ltd., Changshan 324000, China
  • 2.State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
出版时间: 2023-11-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202301299
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针对燃气轮机发电机组频繁长期停机备用期间,余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管08Al碳钢表面腐蚀严重的问题,通过挂片法和电阻探针法,研究08Al碳钢在临界湿度以上环境下的宏观腐蚀现象及腐蚀速率。结果表明:在恒定的20 ℃及相对湿度70%环境下,08Al碳钢在前5天的腐蚀速率最快,腐蚀深度达到了0.85 μm,占整个过程总变化量的47.7%;腐蚀现象变化最为明显的过程,包括质量及表面腐蚀面积比例的变化,发生在约第19~25天;随着相对湿度从临界湿度70%逐渐增加(环境温度20 ℃),08Al碳钢的各项腐蚀评价指标均呈线性上升趋势。根据研究结果制定的燃气轮机发电机组长期停机备用下的充氮保养策略,可有效缓解余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管的腐蚀状况。

燃气轮机发电机组  /  鳍片管  /  08Al碳钢  /  腐蚀过程  /  防腐策略

During frequent long-term standby state of gas turbine generator unit, the surface of 08Al carbon steel of waste heat boiler economizer fin tube will have serious corrosion problems. In this paper, the macroscopic corrosion phenomenon and corrosion rate of 08Al carbon steel above the critical humidity were studied by the method of hanging piece and electrical resistance probe. The results show that the corrosion rate of 08Al carbon steel is the fastest in the first 5 days under the constant environment of 20 ℃ and relative humidity of 70%, and the corrosion depth reaches up to 0.85 μm, accounting for 47.7% of the total change in the whole process. However, the most obvious corrosion phenomenon, including the change of weight and the surface corrosion area, occurred from about the 19th to the 25th day. With the relative humidity gradually increasing from the critical humidity of 70% (ambient temperature 20 ℃), the corrosion evaluation indexes of 08Al carbon steel show a linear upward trend. Nitrogen filling maintenance strategy under long-term standby state was formulated, effectively alleviating the corrosion condition of economizer fin tube of waste heat boiler.

gas turbine generator unit  /  fin tube  /  08Al carbon steel  /  corrosion process  /  anticorrosion strategy
俞哲锋, 陶振涛, 许茂贤, 闫凤平, 周永刚, 黄岳, 赵虹. 燃气轮机发电机组备用中余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管防腐研究. 热力发电, 2023 , 52 (11) : 186 -192 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202301299
Zhefeng YU, Zhentao TAO, Maoxian XU, Fengping YAN, Yonggang ZHOU, Yue HUANG, Hong ZHAO. Study on anticorrosion of waste heat boiler economizer fin tube of gas turbine generator unit in standby state[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2023 , 52 (11) : 186 -192 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202301299
近年来燃气轮机发电机组主要作为调峰机组,启、停频繁[1-2],计划停运和备用频繁交替,且停用时间不确定,年利用小时数较少,相当一部分时间处于停运备用状态[3]。在频繁的长期停机备用期间,燃气轮机发电机组的金属部件存在较为严重的腐蚀现象,其中以余热锅炉低压省煤器受热面鳍片管(鳍片的材质主要是碳钢)处的腐蚀尤为严重[4-6]。当鳍片管发生严重腐蚀后,其光洁的金属表面会出现锈斑,并随着腐蚀的进一步加深及锈蚀的累积,锈斑逐渐凸起乃至剥落,造成其表面不平整且粗糙度增加,影响鳍片管的使用寿命,并会导致烟气的流通阻力上升,严重时甚至影响机组的正常带负荷能力[7]。燃气轮机发电机组停机保养期间在其余热锅炉内部充入氮气或热干风,使金属表面与氧气隔绝,或减少金属表面冷凝的水分,可以使余热锅炉金属材料免受氧腐蚀而得到保护[8]。然而在停机保养过程中,燃气轮机发电机组余热锅炉金属材料的腐蚀是一个非常缓慢的过程,过早进行保养措施会增加停机保养的能耗,而过晚进行保养措施则无法有效抑制其金属材料的腐蚀。因此,如何选择合适的时机进行针对性的停机保养,需要掌握余热锅炉低压省煤器受热面鳍片管金属材料在长期停机期间的腐蚀状况及其变化情况。
以往的研究中发现,环境因素对金属特别是碳钢材料腐蚀过程的影响非常复杂[9-12]。首先,不同环境因素对金属腐蚀速率的影响一般是非线性的[13],金属的腐蚀速率随相对湿度的增加呈指数增加[14];其次,不同环境因素之间可能存在交互作用,腐蚀行为会受到多种因素的复杂影响。Zhi等人[15]收集了16个国家在16个大气腐蚀试验站对17种低合金钢的腐蚀数据作为实验数据集,基于数据集,建立了随机森林模型以实现腐蚀速率预测。Bhaskar等人[16]提出了一种预测均匀腐蚀速率的累积损伤函数模型(CDFM),并将其应用于铁、碳钢、低碳钢等常用工程金属,建立了一个大气环境中腐蚀速率评价的统一模型,模型综合了敏感性因子,以考虑金属对临界腐蚀剂的腐蚀敏感性。Xia等人[17]通过电化学噪声(EN)技术监测Q235B钢的大气腐蚀,并使用统计参数和频域分析来量化Q235B钢的均匀腐蚀速率。Cai等人[18]建立了2级线性增长模型来分析个体腐蚀增长和环境对碳钢、锌和铜的腐蚀影响,通过将腐蚀时间和环境因素作为预测变量,模型预测与实验非常吻合,定量描述腐蚀数据的不确定性并获得置信区间,然后用幂线性腐蚀动力学模型预测长期腐蚀损失,分析腐蚀损伤风险。尽管已经建立了许多描述金属大气在各种环境下的腐蚀行为理论和经验模型[19-21],但目前尚未有针对燃气轮机发电机组停机环境下受热面鳍片腐蚀过程的相关研究。
本文模拟燃气轮机发电机组余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管在长期停机过程中的腐蚀环境,采用挂片法和电阻探针法研究鳍片管金属在不同相对湿度下的表面腐蚀过程,建立质量变化及腐蚀速率与暴露时间的数学模型,获得其腐蚀速率的定量变化数据,以此建立其腐蚀预测模型,进而对燃气轮机发电机组长期停机备用下的保养提供技术指导。
燃气轮机发电机组长期停机备用下的腐蚀尤其以余热锅炉烟道尾部受热面鳍片管相对最为严重,该处鳍片的金属材质为08Al碳钢,其化学成分见表1。当钢中铬元素(Cr)质量分数达到1.2%左右时,铬与腐蚀介质中的氧会构成一个很薄的氧化膜在的钢外表面,能防止钢基体的进一步腐蚀[22],然而08Al碳钢中几乎不含Cr,且没有其他易形成表面氧化膜的金属成分,因此较容易受到氧腐蚀的影响。本文选择与余热锅炉尾部省煤器鳍片材料08Al碳钢进行腐蚀过程的研究。
将08Al碳钢加工成如图1所示的50 mm×25 mm×2 mm的长方形金属挂片,其中一侧设置直径5 mm的圆孔,用于穿线悬挂。同时,采用08Al碳钢制成梳状金属片,作为如图2所示腐蚀探头的电阻探针,尽可能的保证其表面均匀发生腐蚀,并最大限度地消除环境温度变化引起的电阻变化,以获得高精度的腐蚀定量数据。
根据过去2年内燃气轮机发电机组所在地的气象条件,相对湿度通常在30%~90%,温度在0~30 ℃。在低于某一相对湿度时,金属锈蚀速度很小,而高于这一相对湿度后,锈蚀速度会陡然增加,一般把这一相对湿度称为临界湿度。文献[23]中研究发现碳钢的临界相对湿度为70%~75%,文献[24]中研究发现碳钢的临界相对湿度为56%~70%,因此本文设置恒温恒湿箱的相对湿度在70%以上,温度为20 ℃,以充分反映金属挂片腐蚀变化情况。停机期间采用集气袋在腐蚀严重的余热锅炉省煤器空间收集其环境气氛,化验得到其气体成分组成见表2,可见燃气轮机发电机组在长期停机过程中的炉内气氛接近于大气,并无明显的腐蚀成分气体存在。
试验装置示意如图3所示,恒温恒湿箱提供试验所需且恒定的温度和湿度环境,08Al碳钢制成的电阻探针与金属挂片同时放置于恒温恒湿箱中,模拟燃气轮机发电机组长期停机过程中余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管金属的腐蚀过程,DCM680型大气腐蚀监测仪作为的电阻探针电阻信号的输出设备,连接电阻探针并连续输出电阻变化值,由计算机记录并计算用于描述腐蚀速率的定量数据。
腐蚀试片挂片法是指将一个试片放到腐蚀环境中,一段时间后取出试片称量,通过质量变化计算其腐蚀速度,是工业上最为常用的简便腐蚀监测方法。在典型监测项目中,试片在环境中的暴露时间一般为1~3个月,然后取出进行称重分析。本文的试验步骤如下:1)用水和酒精对金属挂片的表面进行充分清洗,并做干燥处理,采用电子天平称量其质量(精确到0.1 mg),记录及标记;2)用绝缘的悬挂线将多片金属挂片分别悬挂,首先放置于烘箱中加热至余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管热态运行时的温度约150 ℃并维持一段时间,后打开烘箱门使其自然冷却后,放置于恒温恒湿箱中,并保证每片金属挂片之间及与恒温恒湿箱内壁互不接触且绝对绝缘;3)设定恒温恒湿箱的温度及湿度,并长期保持恒定;4)定期观察金属挂片表面是否出现锈蚀痕迹,并在特定的日期取出其中一片试片进行称重;5)为了获得金属挂片表面的腐蚀状态,采用相机对取出的金属挂片表面腐蚀图像进行拍摄,通过图像处理,利用金属挂片表面裸露金属颜色与表面锈蚀成分颜色不同,对图像每个像素的RGB值进行识别,获得金属挂片表面腐蚀面积比例的定量数据。
采用称重法计算金属挂片的质量腐蚀速率Vm(g/d),计算公式为:
Vm=m2m1Δt
式中:m1为金属挂片前一时刻的质量,g;m2为金属挂片后一时刻的质量,g;∆t为2次测量时间的间隔,d。
对腐蚀后的金属挂片拍照做图像处理后,表面腐蚀面积比例P(%)的计算公式为:
P=nN
式中:n为腐蚀区域像素点数;N为金属试片区域像素点总数。
根据表面腐蚀面积比例P,可计算面积腐蚀速率Vp(%/d),计算公式为:
Vp=P2P1Δt
式中:P1为金属挂片前一时刻的表面腐蚀面积比例,%;P2为金属挂片后一时刻的表面腐蚀面积比例,%。
上述腐蚀试片挂片法获得的质量腐蚀速率及面积腐蚀速率均不是连续的数据,只能获得一段时间里的平均腐蚀速率,不能反映腐蚀过程的变化情况,因此,需要同时采用电阻探针法进一步连续监测腐蚀速率和腐蚀深度的实时变化。电阻探针法通过监测金属挂片被腐蚀后电阻的变化描述腐蚀发生的程度,用于连续监测实时腐蚀深度和腐蚀速率的定量数据。通常用腐蚀深度h(μm)表征电阻探针法的腐蚀速率,计算公式为:
h=lGb(1R11R2)
式中:G为探头试片电导率,1/(Ω·m);b为试片的横截面长度,m;R1为电阻探针前一时刻的电阻值,Ω;R2为电阻探针后一时刻的电阻值,Ω。
根据前后2次测量的腐蚀深度h,计算腐蚀速率v(μm/a),计算公式为:
v=8 760ΔhΔt
式中:8 760为单位换算系数;∆h为2次测量的腐蚀深度差值,μm。
表3为环境温度20 ℃、相对湿度70%下,金属挂片的质量及表面腐蚀面积比例变化情况,其与腐蚀时间的关系如图4所示。
图4可知,随着时间增加,金属挂片表面的质量和裸露表面的表面腐蚀面积比例整体上呈上升趋势,并呈现出先缓慢上升再加速上升后逐渐减缓趋于平稳的过程。
根据金属挂片的质量及表面的腐蚀状况,其腐蚀现象可描述为:在前5天,金属挂片的质量几乎无变化,且其裸露表面光滑,几乎无任何腐蚀迹象;到第15天时,在金属挂片的下侧边缘首先发生表面的锈蚀,并通过左右两侧逐渐延伸至上部,此时对金属挂片的质量影响不大;15~30天时,金属挂片发生了明显的腐蚀现象,其表面锈蚀从四周逐步侵蚀到中心,表面腐蚀面积比例从13.8%增加到75.2%,同时质量明显发生变化;30~60天时,金属挂片的裸露表面几乎已经被锈蚀完全覆盖,同时质量也进一步明显发生变化;60~90天时,由于金属挂片的裸露表面被腐蚀后不能充分与氧气接触,腐蚀速率降低,其质量及裸露表面腐蚀比例变化减慢。
质量变化∆m及表面腐蚀面积比例P与腐蚀时间t的拟合曲线公式分别如式(6)和式(7),决定系数R2分别为0.99和0.90。对2个公式进行求导可得质量变化及表面腐蚀面积比例的变化速率,具体如图5所示。由图5可知,质量腐蚀速率及面积腐蚀速率的最大值分别位于t=24.6天和t=19.5天,表明金属挂片腐蚀现象最为明显的过程发生在约第19~25天。
Δm=17.0716.541+(t/31.64)2.87
P=85.6383.721+(t/20.93)5.37
图6为相同环境下金属电阻探针法获得的腐蚀深度h及腐蚀速率v的变化趋势。由图6可知:与挂片法获得的腐蚀现象最为明显的过程发生在约第19~25天不同,电阻探针法获得的腐蚀速率以初始时最快,达到了约50 μm/a,此时电阻探针法的腐蚀深度为0;随着时间的推移,腐蚀速率在5天内迅速下降,后逐渐趋于平稳至约10 μm/a,而腐蚀深度则逐渐加深,呈现先迅速增加,后缓慢上升的过程,其表现出的腐蚀变化趋势可能受到了金属表面形成的氧化物对后续腐蚀过程一定程度的抑制作用[25]。腐蚀深度h及腐蚀速率v与腐蚀时间t的拟合曲线公式分别如式(8)和式(9),决定系数R2分别为0.99和0.96。
电阻探针法所得的结果与前述的挂片法结果不同,其主要原因在于挂片法观测的是金属宏观的长期腐蚀过程,表现的是腐蚀对金属质量及裸露表面状况的影响;而电阻探针法则反映了金属微观的瞬时腐蚀状态,得到的是腐蚀在深度上的变化。金属材料在特定的温度-湿度下初期即已迅速发生了腐蚀反应,尽管此时的腐蚀速率较快,但由于腐蚀深度较浅且腐蚀面积较小,因此未能反映在其表观上,只有累积到一定的腐蚀深度及腐蚀面积后,才能从表观上得到明显的质量及颜色的变化。
图7为以5天为间隔得到的每5天的腐蚀深度变化量。由图7可知,前5天的腐蚀深度变化量达到了0.85 μm,占到了整个过程总变化量的47.7%,而此后每个5天的腐蚀深度变化量最高尚不到0.3 μm,可以认为从腐蚀深度上,金属在前5天的腐蚀过程最为剧烈。
h=0.31t0.791+0.14t0.79
v=3.54+33.921+(t/14.13)0.93
在上述试验的基础上,控制恒温恒湿箱温度20 ℃不变,将相对湿度逐步从70%提高到90%,并放置15天。表4为金属挂片在不同湿度环境下的质量变化及表面腐蚀面积比例,其与相对湿度的关系以及电阻探针法获得的不同相对湿度下的平均腐蚀速率如图8所示。由图8可知,在临界湿度以上,随着相对湿度的增加,金属的质量变化、表面腐蚀面积比例及平均腐蚀速率3个评价指标均呈现线性上升趋势,表明随着相对湿度的增加,金属的腐蚀程度及腐蚀速率线性上升。可以推测,与金属在相对湿度为70%时前5天的腐蚀过程最剧烈且第19~25天的腐蚀现象最为明显相比,相对湿度增加后,相应的特征时间会有所提前。
金属材料在特定湿度及不同湿度下的宏观腐蚀现象及腐蚀速率的研究结果,可为燃气轮机发电机组长期停机备用下的充氮或热干风保养提供指导。某燃气轮机发电厂根据本文的研究结果,采用充氮的方法对余热锅炉进行保养,采取充5停15的充氮策略,即停机后第0~5天充氮,第6~20天暂停充氮,第21~25天继续充氮(前5天充氮后腐蚀过程会有所推迟),以此往复,同时根据停机备用期间的环境湿度,在环境湿度持续高于70%时,适当缩短暂停充氮的间隔时长。采用上述充氮保养策略后,该燃气轮机发电厂余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管的腐蚀状况明显缓解。
1)采用燃气轮机发电机组余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管材料08Al碳钢制备的金属挂片在恒定的20 ℃及相对湿度70%环境下挂片质量及裸露表面的表面腐蚀面积比例随时间呈现出先缓慢上升再加速上升后逐渐减缓趋于平稳的过程,第15~30天时腐蚀现象变化最为明显。根据质量变化∆m及表面腐蚀面积比例P与腐蚀时间t的拟合曲线,其最大值分别位于t=19.5天和t=24.6天,表明金属挂片腐蚀现象最为明显的过程发生在约第19~25天。
2)金属电阻探针得到在恒定的20 ℃及相对湿度70%环境下08Al碳钢的腐蚀速率以初始时最快,达到了约50 μm/a,此时电阻探针的腐蚀深度为0。随着时间的推移腐蚀深度加深腐蚀速率减缓,其中前5天的腐蚀深度变化量达到了0.85 μm,占到了整个过程总变化量的47.7%。
3)保持环境温度20 ℃不变,随着相对湿度从临界湿度70%逐渐增加,08Al碳钢的质量变化、表面腐蚀面积比例及平均腐蚀速率均呈线性上升趋势。根据本文的研究结果制定燃气轮机发电机组长期停机备用下充5停15的充氮保养策略,同时根据停机备用期间的环境湿度适当调整暂停充氮的间隔时长,余热锅炉省煤器鳍片管的腐蚀状况明显缓解。
  • 浙江省能源集团有限公司科学技术项目(ZNJK-2021-030)
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2023年第52卷第11期
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202301299
  • 首发时间:2026-01-26
  • 出版时间:2023-11-25
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出版历史
  • 修回日期:2023-01-25
基金
Sience and Technology Project of Zhejiang Energy Group Co., Ltd.(ZNJK-2021-030)
浙江省能源集团有限公司科学技术项目(ZNJK-2021-030)
作者信息
    1.浙江浙能常山天然气发电有限公司,浙江 常山 324000
    2.浙江大学热能工程研究所(能源清洁利用国家重点实验室),浙江 杭州 310027

通讯作者:

周永刚(1977),男,硕士,副研究员,主要研究方向为燃煤电厂清洁高效智能燃烧,
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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