Article(id=1215700812072932167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1215700809971581533, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202312184, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1702569600000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-15, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1767775260226, onlineDateStr=2026-01-07, pubDate=1716566400000, pubDateStr=2024-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1767775260226, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1767775260226, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767775260226, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1215700809971581533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2024', volume='53', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='148', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1767775259725, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767775403954, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1215701414953796264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1215700809971581533, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1215701414953796265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1215700809971581533, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=10, endPage=18, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1215700812278453065, articleId=1215700812072932167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Research on microstructural and mechanical properties of rotational friction welded joints of HT700 superalloy, columnId=1215700810680418912, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Power plant chemistry and materials research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The HT700 superalloy was joined by rotational friction welding (RFW) method, and the welded specimens were subjected to post weld heat treatment (PWTH). The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the joints were systematically investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, micro-hardness, and tensile tests at both room temperature and 750 ℃. The results show that, the as-welded joint shows three typical zones across the weldline: weld center zone (WCZ), thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and heat affected zone (HAZ), in which the microstructure gradually changes from equiaxed fine grains (WCZ) and deformed coarse grains (TMAZ) to equiaxed grains (HAZ) that are similar to the base material. The dynamic recrystallization and dissolution of strengthening phases have occurred in the WCZ during RFW, in which γ′ strengthening phase dissolves to a larger extent than M23C6 or MC carbides. The microstructure of the as-welded joint including the grain size, shape, and the distribution of precipitates gradually changes from the weldline to the parent alloy. Consequently, the as-welded joints exhibit relatively poor mechanical properties due to the dissolution of γ′ which becomes even worse at 750 ℃ because of the grain-boundary sliding. After PWHT, the as-welded microstructure can be homogenized by grain growth and the re-precipitation of strengthening phases, which is responsible for the remarkable improvement in tensile strength at both room and high temperature after PWHT. And the high-temperature ductility of PWTH joints has been improved to a certain extent. This study gives new insights into the high-quality welding of the HT700 superalloy.

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用旋转摩擦焊接(RFW)方法对HT700高温合金进行焊接,并对焊接试样进行焊后热处理(PWTH)。通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、显微硬度计、室温和750 ℃拉伸实验,对接头微观组织和力学性能进行系统研究。结果表明:焊态接头分为焊缝中心区(WCZ)、热力影响区(TMAZ)和热影响区(HAZ)3个典型区域,其中显微组织从等轴细晶粒(WCZ)、变形粗晶粒(TMAZ)逐渐转变为与母材类似的等轴晶粒(HAZ);RFW过程中WCZ发生了动态再结晶及强化相的溶解,其中γ′强化相的溶解程度大于M23C6或MC碳化物;从焊接界面到母材,焊态接头的晶粒尺寸、形状和强化相分布等微观结构逐渐发生变化,γ′相的溶解导致焊态接头力学性能较差,且在750 ℃时,晶界滑动使其力学性能进一步下降;焊后热处理后,晶粒生长、强化相的再析出和焊后微观组织均匀化使得接头室温和高温拉伸强度显著提高,且接头高温延展性得到一定程度的改善。本研究可为HT700高温合金的高质量焊接提供新思路。

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徐雅欣(1985),女,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为材料的腐蚀、防护涂层制备与性能,
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陈文学(1997),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为旋转摩擦焊,

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Nominal chemical composition of the used HT700 superalloy

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FeCrMo+Nb+WCoTi+AlCBSiNi
25.000~28.00019.000~22.0000.300~1.0001.000~3.0004.000~5.0000.030~0.0600.002~0.004≤0.250其余
), ArticleFig(id=1215700821472366747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1215700812072932167, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

HT700高温合金化学成分

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FeCrMo+Nb+WCoTi+AlCBSiNi
25.000~28.00019.000~22.0000.300~1.0001.000~3.0004.000~5.0000.030~0.0600.002~0.004≤0.250其余
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HT700高温合金旋转摩擦焊接接头组织和力学性能的研究
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陈文学 1, 2 , 鲁金涛 1 , 黄锦阳 1 , 徐雅欣 2 , 党莹樱 1 , 李文亚 2
热力发电 | 电厂化学与材料研究专题 2024,53(5): 10-18
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热力发电 | 电厂化学与材料研究专题 2024, 53(5): 10-18
HT700高温合金旋转摩擦焊接接头组织和力学性能的研究
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陈文学1, 2 , 鲁金涛1, 黄锦阳1, 徐雅欣2 , 党莹樱1, 李文亚2
作者信息
  • 1.西安热工研究院有限公司高效灵活煤电及碳捕集利用封存全国重点实验室,陕西 西安 710054
  • 2.西北工业大学材料学院,陕西 西安 710072
  • 陈文学(1997),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为旋转摩擦焊,

通讯作者:

徐雅欣(1985),女,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为材料的腐蚀、防护涂层制备与性能,
Research on microstructural and mechanical properties of rotational friction welded joints of HT700 superalloy
Wenxue CHEN1, 2 , Jintao LU1, Jinyang HUANG1, Yaxin XU2 , Yingying DANG1, Wenya LI2
Affiliations
  • 1.National Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Flexible Coal Power Generation and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage, Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710054, China
  • 2.School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
出版时间: 2024-05-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202312184
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用旋转摩擦焊接(RFW)方法对HT700高温合金进行焊接,并对焊接试样进行焊后热处理(PWTH)。通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、显微硬度计、室温和750 ℃拉伸实验,对接头微观组织和力学性能进行系统研究。结果表明:焊态接头分为焊缝中心区(WCZ)、热力影响区(TMAZ)和热影响区(HAZ)3个典型区域,其中显微组织从等轴细晶粒(WCZ)、变形粗晶粒(TMAZ)逐渐转变为与母材类似的等轴晶粒(HAZ);RFW过程中WCZ发生了动态再结晶及强化相的溶解,其中γ′强化相的溶解程度大于M23C6或MC碳化物;从焊接界面到母材,焊态接头的晶粒尺寸、形状和强化相分布等微观结构逐渐发生变化,γ′相的溶解导致焊态接头力学性能较差,且在750 ℃时,晶界滑动使其力学性能进一步下降;焊后热处理后,晶粒生长、强化相的再析出和焊后微观组织均匀化使得接头室温和高温拉伸强度显著提高,且接头高温延展性得到一定程度的改善。本研究可为HT700高温合金的高质量焊接提供新思路。

HT700高温合金  /  摩擦焊接  /  热处理  /  微观组织  /  力学性能

The HT700 superalloy was joined by rotational friction welding (RFW) method, and the welded specimens were subjected to post weld heat treatment (PWTH). The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the joints were systematically investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, micro-hardness, and tensile tests at both room temperature and 750 ℃. The results show that, the as-welded joint shows three typical zones across the weldline: weld center zone (WCZ), thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and heat affected zone (HAZ), in which the microstructure gradually changes from equiaxed fine grains (WCZ) and deformed coarse grains (TMAZ) to equiaxed grains (HAZ) that are similar to the base material. The dynamic recrystallization and dissolution of strengthening phases have occurred in the WCZ during RFW, in which γ′ strengthening phase dissolves to a larger extent than M23C6 or MC carbides. The microstructure of the as-welded joint including the grain size, shape, and the distribution of precipitates gradually changes from the weldline to the parent alloy. Consequently, the as-welded joints exhibit relatively poor mechanical properties due to the dissolution of γ′ which becomes even worse at 750 ℃ because of the grain-boundary sliding. After PWHT, the as-welded microstructure can be homogenized by grain growth and the re-precipitation of strengthening phases, which is responsible for the remarkable improvement in tensile strength at both room and high temperature after PWHT. And the high-temperature ductility of PWTH joints has been improved to a certain extent. This study gives new insights into the high-quality welding of the HT700 superalloy.

HT700 superalloy  /  friction welding  /  heat treatment  /  microstructural  /  mechanical properties
陈文学, 鲁金涛, 黄锦阳, 徐雅欣, 党莹樱, 李文亚. HT700高温合金旋转摩擦焊接接头组织和力学性能的研究. 热力发电, 2024 , 53 (5) : 10 -18 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202312184
Wenxue CHEN, Jintao LU, Jinyang HUANG, Yaxin XU, Yingying DANG, Wenya LI. Research on microstructural and mechanical properties of rotational friction welded joints of HT700 superalloy[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2024 , 53 (5) : 10 -18 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202312184
先进超超临界(A-USC)发电厂为提高效率和降低排放,需在更高的蒸汽参数(37.5 MPa,760 ℃)下运行[1-2],因此传统的奥氏体或铁素体钢无法满足耐温部件的服役性能需求。而Ni基或Ni-Fe基高温合金具有抗高温变形和抗腐蚀等优异性能,是高参数机组热端部件的候选材料之一[3]。其中,Ni-Fe基高温合金如GH2984G[4]、HR6W(Fe-45Ni-23Cr-7W)[5-6]、HT700等[7-8],不仅与Ni基高温合金力学性能相当且成本低,因此备受青睐。但此类材料因合金化程度的提升,其构件可焊性与焊接接头性能面临更为严峻的挑战,尤其是采用钨极气体保护焊(TIG)等熔焊工艺连接高温部件时,由于熔焊过程快速熔化和凝固的特点,高温合金接头易出现元素偏析和热裂纹等缺陷,不利于电站的安全运行。相比之下,摩擦焊(FW)作为固态焊接工艺,无需填充金属,焊接过程中不发生熔化[9-12],可以在几秒内实现快速连接,故热影响区(HAZ)和塑性变形较小,有利于形成高质量焊接接头。目前,FW已用于包括Ni基高温合金[13-17]在内的多种金属和合金的连接,其中旋转摩擦焊接(RFW)技术在机组的回转体构件和管材连接方面具有显著优势。现有关于FW接头组织结构的研究表明,FW过程中焊缝经历动态再结晶,焊缝中心区微观组织极为细小[18]。另外,由于焊接过程中接头界面的温度通常高于强化相的溶解温度,导致强化相颗粒显著溶解[13]。因此,高温合金FW接头强度通常比母材弱[13],而焊后热处理(PWTH)可有效提高接头性能[13,19-21]
尽管以前在FW接头微观组织和力学性能方面进行了大量研究,但以往FW接头大多研究的是室温力学性能[13,16,21-22],而A-USC发电厂更关注的是服役温度下的高温性能。本文主要围绕RFW在高服役参数机组构件连接方面的应用需求,关注典型工艺下FW接头微区组织结构演变和高温力学性能。采用RFW对HT700高温合金进行焊接,并对焊态接头和热处理态接头微观结构进行观察研究。对接头微观组织、γ′强化相演变、室温和750 ℃(接近机组热端部件服役温度)力学性能进行分析,揭示接头微观结构和性能变化。
本研究以国产HT700高温合金为母材,其化学成分见表1。母材通过真空电弧熔炼制备,1 200 ℃下均匀化24 h,然后在1 150 ℃下热锻并轧制成厚30 mm的板材。在焊接实验之前,本研究中使用的所有原材料均进行了热处理:在1 140 ℃下进行固溶处理20 min,然后进行水冷淬火,并在650 ℃下进行16 h的空冷时效处理。将板材加工成Ф25 mm×75 mm的棒材,端面经机械打磨,乙醇清洗后开展焊接实验。
采用连续驱动摩擦焊机(C320型,中国陕西省汉中双戟摩擦焊接公司)进行焊接实验,优化后焊接工艺参数为:摩擦压力130 MPa,转速1 500 r/min,轴向缩短量5 mm,顶锻压力300 MPa。随后对接头进行固溶(1 180 ℃,20 min,水淬)及时效(650 ℃,16 h,空冷)热处理操作。
对金相试样进行抛光,然后在CuSO4腐蚀液中(4 g CuSO4+20 mL HCl+20 mL H2O)刻蚀15 s,以便进行金相观察。利用光学显微镜(OM,OLYMPUS-DP71)和配备有能量色散光谱仪(EDS)的扫描电子显微镜(SEM,JEM-2100,加速电压15 kV)表征焊态和焊后热处理接头的微观组织。并使用聚焦离子/电子双束显微镜(FEI,Verios G4)制备透射试样,通过场发射透射电子显微镜(TEM,FEI Talos F200X)研究接头焊接界面附近强化相γ'的形态和结构。
使用微/宏观自动硬度测试系统(LECO-LM248 AT)对焊缝界面附近区域显微硬度进行测量,负载为200 g,保持时间为10 s。利用万能试验机(MTS E45)对接头力学性能进行表征,参照《金属材料 拉伸试验 第1部分:室温试验方法》(GB/T 228.1—2021),采用的拉伸试样取样位置和尺寸如图1所示,直径为4 mm,标距长度为20 mm,每个测试点分别使用3个平行拉伸试样。测试温度为室温和750 ℃,应变速率为3×10–4 s–1
母材原始组织和强化相分布如图2所示。由图2可知,母材由平均晶粒尺寸为115 µm的奥氏体基体、碳化物析出相(图2a)右上方)和细小的γ′-Ni3(Al,Ti)强化相组成。根据以往研究,晶粒内尺寸较大的碳化物为MC型TiC[23-24],晶界位置细小的碳化物为M23C6图2a))。另外,在高倍下可清楚地观察到球形γ′强化相(图2b)),其平均粒径为35±8 nm。基于Image-Pro Plus 6.0软件,计算出母材中γ′的总体积分数约29.4%。
焊态接头典型宏观形貌和OM显微照片如图3所示。由图3可知:飞边关于焊接界面基本呈对称分布,两侧飞边未发生粘连;焊接界面在边缘处出现1条黑线,随着靠近中心线,该黑线变薄并消失。此黑线为氧化物夹杂,由于摩擦焊接界面自清洁作用,使氧化物夹杂随着飞边挤出界面,同时无氧化物夹杂的金属形成原子间冶金结合,所以黑线逐渐消失。
图4为焊态接头SEM照片。根据晶粒形状、尺寸和分布等微观结构变化,接头可分为焊缝中心区(WCZ)、热力影响区(TMAZ)和HAZ 3个区域。WCZ是典型的晶粒细化区,WCZ与母材(晶粒尺寸115±5 µm)相比,晶粒尺寸细化至约4.4 µm,这是由FW过程中较高的界面温度和大变形引起的动态再结晶(DRX)所致[9,24]。在大多数情况下,Ni基高温合金由于其层错能较低,在1 100 ℃的高温热变形下主要发生非连续的动态再结晶。本研究中HT700高温合金属于Ni基高温合金,层错能亦较低,且由于摩擦焊接过程中界面温度可达1 200 ℃或者更高,故其动态再结晶是非连续动态再结晶机制,对非连续动态再结晶机制将在后续进行更加深入的研究。在图4b)和图4c)中可观察到清晰的晶界,但晶界和晶粒内部均不存在TiC和富Cr碳化物。此外,在WCZ,原始母材中存在的γ′强化相也已完全溶解。图4d)所示TMAZ在摩擦热和轴向压力共同作用下,发生强烈塑性变形,可观察到大量变形晶粒沿垂直于施加压力的方向拉长。同时,可观察到TiC和较小的富Cr碳化物等析出相。图4e)和图4f)为析出相的放大图,图4e)所示沿晶界离散分布的富Cr碳化物直径小于1 µm,图4f)所示在变形方向上TiC的长度为微米级别。虽然WCZ和TMAZ的γ′相均完全溶解,但在TMAZ中,M23C6和MC溶解较少,这表明碳化物在焊接过程中的热稳定性高于γ′。这是由于FW持续时间极短,不足以使碳化物完全溶解。图4g)所示HAZ与图2a)所示的母材晶粒尺寸相近(约95.6 µm),所有晶粒仍为等轴晶粒,表明HAZ仅受热影响而不受塑性变形的影响。此外,图4g)—图4i)表明,HAZ中的MC和M23C6碳化物不受焊接过程的影响,且晶界处的M23C6比TMAZ更连续(图4h))。在更高的放大倍数下(图4i)),HAZ可观察到直径和体积分数较小的残余γ′相,表明γ′相受热影响而部分溶解,这是HAZ和母材微观结构的主要差异。
为进一步研究焊态接头中焊接界面附近的微观结构演变,图5给出了焊态接头中WCZ强化相γ'的TEM暗场图像。从图5a)中可以看出,细小的γ′强化相(衬度较亮的粒子)分散在基体中,在图5b)的放大图中测得球形强化相的平均直径为6.7±0.9 nm,体积分数为8.9%,这也是之前在SEM图像中无法识别此类微小颗粒的原因。
对热处理后WCZ、TMAZ、BM等区域微观结构和强化相的演变进行了表征,结果如图6所示。与焊态接头相比,原始WCZ中的再结晶晶粒明显长大(图6a)),TMAZ中的变形晶粒转变为等轴晶(图6f))。图6中热处理后接头WCZ和TMAZ都存在尺寸相近的γ′强化相,使用图像处理软件Image-Pro Plus 6.0测得WCZγ′平均直径为(37~40)±5 nm(图6c)),恢复至母材水平。同时测得WCZ和TMAZγ′的总体积分数分别约为23.2%和24.7%,接近母材水平。晶界处形成的M23C6析出相分布从焊接界面到母材呈现出连续性逐渐增强的趋势(图6b)图6e)和图6h))。在接头中心(图6a)和图6d))和母材区域(图6g))均能观察到晶内的MC碳化物析出相。基于上述微观结构演变可知,焊后热处理有利于实现接头组织的均匀化和强化相的再析出。
接头界面附近显微硬度分布如图7所示,其中虚线为母材平均硬度(343 HV0.2)。由图7可知,焊态接头界面附近硬度相对于焊接界面呈现对称的“W型”分布。对于硬度显著降低的区域,右侧的显微硬度低至290 HV0.2,左侧的显微硬度降至302 HV0.2。根据与焊缝界面的距离,这些薄弱区域大致对应于TMAZ和HAZ。硬度的急剧下降意味着TMAZ和HAZ发生了软化,这是由于碳化物和γ′强化相的溶解以及晶粒粗化引起的。相比之下,虽然WCZ发生了强化相溶解,但由于晶粒细化,其硬度并未发生显著下降。在距离焊接界面4 mm的区域,硬度开始快速增加,并在5 mm的距离处达到母材水平。根据图7中的硬度变化,整个焊缝宽度为8~10 mm;同时,热处理后整个接头的硬度分布得到改善,软化区域消失,整体硬度超过母材水平,平均硬度为357 HV0.2
在室温和750 ℃下对焊态接头和热处理态接头分别进行拉伸试验。图8为拉伸性能结果,拉伸试验后断裂试样的宏观照片如图9所示。由图8a)可知,室温下焊态接头的YS(611 MPa)略低于母材(639 MPa),约为母材的95.6%,这是由焊接过程中γ′强化相的溶解所致。图9a)中室温试验后的焊态接头在HAZ附近断裂,这与图7中硬度曲线所反映的薄弱区域一致。相反,焊后热处理将室温下的YS提高到母材水平以上,且接头在远离焊缝界面处断裂(图9c)),YS达到653 MPa(图8a)),这种改善与γ′强化相的再析出有关。即使焊态接头的室温强度接近母材(图8a)),但其高温性能仍会急剧下降。750 ℃下的屈服强度平均为477 MPa,仅为母材(640 MPa)的74.2%,且试样在750 ℃时恰好在焊缝处失效(图9b)),可知焊接界面强度比母材低得多,这是因γ′强化相的溶解所致。此外,由于高温下多晶合金变形通常是由于晶界滑动所致[25-26],所以裂纹更可能发生在含有大量细晶的WCZ,因此高温下焊接界面的强度会大幅降低。通过焊后热处理可以将750 ℃下的接头YS提高到614 MPa,约为母材的96.0%,接头的断裂位置靠近HAZ而非焊缝(图9d)),YS的增加表明,γ′强化相的再析出和晶粒生长使接头强度得到明显改善。
图8b)中的UTS也表现出类似的趋势,即在室温下(母材的83.2%)和750 ℃(母材的74.9%)下,焊态接头的UTS远低于母材。焊后热处理将接头的UTS提高到接近母材的水平(图8b)),即使在高温下,UTS也达到了母材的96.4%。
断裂伸长率可反映接头延展性,室温接头的伸长率远高于750 ℃时的伸长率(图8c))。在室温下,焊态接头的断裂伸长率(20.5%)和PWTH接头的断裂伸长率(19.2%)均低于母材;750 ℃时,焊态接头的断裂伸长率仅为2.3%(母材的25.0%)。因此,PWTH并不能改善接头的室温延展性。经PWTH后,接头的伸长率从2.3%增加到6.2%,虽只有母材的67.4%,但是根据图8c)中的数据,通过PWTH可以改善接头的高温延展性。
基于上述拉伸结果,焊态接头在室温和高温下性能均低于母材,其中高温性能更差,而通过焊后热处理可以提高拉伸强度,使其几乎达到与母材相当的水平,且对高温下接头的延展性有一定程度改善。
PWTH后,焊接接头的微观结构已从可区分的WCZ、TMAZ和HAZ演变为更均匀的结构。γ′相是母材中的主要强化相,决定了该合金的力学性能。在摩擦焊接过程中,WCZ的γ′强化相和碳化物会发生溶解。由于HT700高温合金中构成γ′相的Al和Ti质量分数较高,因此γ′相能够再析出。当焊接过程结束,在冷却过程中便会形成3次γ′相,这也是粒径约6.7 nm的超细γ′相形成的原因(图5b))。
此外,包括MC和M23C6型碳化物在内的强化相以及在焊缝中心附近完全溶解的γ′相,在PWTH后再次析出并均匀分布,其中M23C6在靠近母材时晶界处变得更加连续。相应地,PWTH显著改善了接头在室温和高温下的力学性能。焊态接头的高温强度仅为母材的74.2%,PWTH能将其高温力学性能提高到接近母材(96.0%),且对接头高温延展性有一定程度的改善。这是由于PWTH后接头组织更加均匀,且WCZ碳化物强化相再析出,γ′体积分数上升,致使接头强度增加,最终高温拉伸试样断在母材一侧,延展性相较于断在接头处有所提升。而接头室温延展性之所以未能改善,可能与PWTH固溶温度高于母材有关。
可见,通过PWTH可有效提升接头的室温和高温拉伸强度,且对接头高温延展性有一定程度的改善。如文献[26-28]所述,对于连续驱动摩擦焊接,抗拉强度随摩擦压力的增大而增大,但随着摩擦压力的进一步增加,抗拉强度反而会降低。为了进一步提高接头性能,应对焊接参数的影响进行更多研究,并对PWTH进行更多试验。同时,针对本文高温合金的应用环境,后续需要进一步对接头高温持久蠕变性能和氧化腐蚀等性能进行研究。
1)采用连续驱动摩擦焊接方法成功对HT700高温合金进行焊接。焊态接头分为WCZ、TMAZ和HAZ 3个典型区域。焊接过程的热输入导致焊接界面到母材的碳化物和γ′强化相发生不同程度的溶解,且在焊后的快冷过程中焊缝中心区形成了超细的γ′相。
2)在室温和750 ℃下,焊态接头的抗拉强度明显低于母材,且在高温情况下,拉伸试样断裂在焊缝处,这是由于γ′相的溶解以及晶界易在高温下滑动所致。此外,焊态接头硬度分布存在明显的软化区。
3)经焊后热处理后,焊接接头的微观结构已从可区分的WCZ、TMAZ和HAZ演变为更均匀的结构,同时WCZ的超细γ′相可通过PWTH恢复至原始尺寸;且PWTH可有效提升接头的室温和高温拉伸强度,对接头高温延展性有一定程度的改善;此外,经PWTH接头硬度分布软化区消失。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52271070)
  • 中国华能集团有限公司重点科技项目(HNKJ23-H56)
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(52371036)
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2024年第53卷第5期
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202312184
  • 接收时间:2023-12-15
  • 首发时间:2026-01-07
  • 出版时间:2024-05-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-15
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52271070)
国家自然科学基金项目(52271070)
Science and Technology Project of Huaneng Group Co., Ltd.(HNKJ23-H56)
中国华能集团有限公司重点科技项目(HNKJ23-H56)
General Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(52371036)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52371036)
作者信息
    1.西安热工研究院有限公司高效灵活煤电及碳捕集利用封存全国重点实验室,陕西 西安 710054
    2.西北工业大学材料学院,陕西 西安 710072

通讯作者:

徐雅欣(1985),女,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为材料的腐蚀、防护涂层制备与性能,
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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