Article(id=1213164444851557326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1213164438232941220, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202308134, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1692720000000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1767170543157, onlineDateStr=2025-12-31, pubDate=1711296000000, pubDateStr=2024-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1767170543157, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-31, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1767170543157, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767170543157, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1213164438232941220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2024', volume='53', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='182', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1767170541580, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767775374880, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1215701293012796069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1213164438232941220, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1215701293012796070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1213164438232941220, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=137, endPage=145, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1213164445073855452, articleId=1213164444851557326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Flow-induced vibration suppression method and structural parameter design of the seal with shunt injection, columnId=1211002405299294959, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Thermal energy science research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Labyrinth seals are widely used in various types of turbomachinery due to their simple structure, convenient maintenance, and long service life. The shunt injection devices can reduce the flow-induced vibration caused by the spiral effect and improve the stability of the sealing system by affecting the circumferential flow inside the seal cavity. The three-dimensional numerical models of shunt injection labyrinth seal were established to calculate and analyze the impact of the shunt injection nozzle on the dynamic characteristics of the seal under different structural parameters. The results show that the smaller the tilt angle of the anti-swirl nozzle, the greater the system damping and stability. When the tilt angle is 30°, the effective damping is 4 times that of the vertical angle incident; the shape of the anti-swirl nozzle has a small impact on the sealing dynamic and flow characteristics. The cross stiffness of both nozzle hole types is negative, and the difference in cross stiffness between the two is about 5 kN/m at low frequencies and 1~2 kN/m at high frequencies; the more nozzles there are, the more they can suppress the circumferential flow of the rotor, which is beneficial for system stability.

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梳齿密封因其结构简单、方便维修及使用寿命长等特点被广泛应用于各类透平机械,反旋流装置可通过影响密封腔室内周向流动,减弱螺旋形效应引起的气流激振问题,提高密封系统稳定性。建立反旋流梳齿密封三维数值模型,计算分析不同结构参数下反旋流喷嘴对密封动力学特性影响。结果表明:反旋流喷嘴倾斜角度越小,系统阻尼越大、稳定性越高,当倾斜角度为30°时,有效阻尼为垂直角度入射时的4倍;反旋流喷嘴形状对密封动力特性及流动特性影响较小,2种喷嘴孔型交叉刚度均为负值且低频下二者交叉刚度差值约为5 kN/m、高频下约为1~2 kN/m;喷嘴数目越多,越能够抑制转子周向流动,利于系统稳定。

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张万福(1986),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为透平机械流体激振、转子动力学及旋转机械故障诊断,
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曹仲勋(1992),男,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为旋转机械振动故障分析治理及汽轮机热力系统故障诊断,

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曹仲勋(1992),男,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为旋转机械振动故障分析治理及汽轮机热力系统故障诊断,

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曹仲勋(1992),男,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为旋转机械振动故障分析治理及汽轮机热力系统故障诊断,

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journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1213164444851557326, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=动力特性), Keyword(id=1213164453227581847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1213164444851557326, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=计算流体力学)], refs=[Reference(id=1213164457950368330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1213164444851557326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=6, pageStart=498, pageEnd=506, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=史进渊, 李军, 刘霞, journalName=动力工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=史进渊, 李军, 刘霞, 等. 我国大型汽轮机技术研究进展与展望[J]. 动力工程学报, 2022, 42(6): 498-506., articleTitle=我国大型汽轮机技术研究进展与展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1213164458051031629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1213164444851557326, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=6, pageStart=498, pageEnd=506, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], 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Structural parameters of the seal and shunt injection nozzle

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项目参数设置
转子直径d/mm60.00
密封间隙Cr/mm0.15
密封腔室底部宽度w1/mm3.80
密封齿尖宽度w2/mm0.25
密封腔底部弧形半径R/mm1.25
腔室深度h/mm3.30
密封段总长L/mm36.70
喷嘴个数N/个8、16、32
喷嘴角度θ/(°)90、60、30
喷嘴形状方形、圆形
), ArticleFig(id=1213164457174422060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1213164444851557326, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

密封及反旋流喷嘴结构参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目参数设置
转子直径d/mm60.00
密封间隙Cr/mm0.15
密封腔室底部宽度w1/mm3.80
密封齿尖宽度w2/mm0.25
密封腔底部弧形半径R/mm1.25
腔室深度h/mm3.30
密封段总长L/mm36.70
喷嘴个数N/个8、16、32
喷嘴角度θ/(°)90、60、30
喷嘴形状方形、圆形
), ArticleFig(id=1213164457279279662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1213164444851557326, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Calculation conditions

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项目参数设置
工质空气(理想气体)
湍流模型标准k-ε
湍流强度/%5
进口温度Tin/K298
进口总压pin/MPa0.5
喷嘴进口压力pSI/MPa0.5
出口静压pout/MPa0.1
转子转速ω/(r·min–1)6 000
进口预旋比0.45
涡动频率Ωi/Hz20, 40, ……, 260, 280
涡动幅值/mma=0.001; b=0.000 5
时间步长/s0.000 1
), ArticleFig(id=1213164457392525873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1213164444851557326, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

计算工况

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项目参数设置
工质空气(理想气体)
湍流模型标准k-ε
湍流强度/%5
进口温度Tin/K298
进口总压pin/MPa0.5
喷嘴进口压力pSI/MPa0.5
出口静压pout/MPa0.1
转子转速ω/(r·min–1)6 000
进口预旋比0.45
涡动频率Ωi/Hz20, 40, ……, 260, 280
涡动幅值/mma=0.001; b=0.000 5
时间步长/s0.000 1
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基于反旋流的密封气流激振抑制方法及结构参数设计
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曹仲勋 1 , 申智勇 1 , 汪飞 1 , 董雪峰 1 , 张乃丹 2 , 张万福 2
热力发电 | 热能科学研究 2024,53(3): 137-145
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热力发电 | 热能科学研究 2024, 53(3): 137-145
基于反旋流的密封气流激振抑制方法及结构参数设计
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曹仲勋1 , 申智勇1, 汪飞1, 董雪峰1, 张乃丹2, 张万福2
作者信息
  • 1.国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司,江苏 南京 210046
  • 2.上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海 200093
  • 曹仲勋(1992),男,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为旋转机械振动故障分析治理及汽轮机热力系统故障诊断,

通讯作者:

张万福(1986),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为透平机械流体激振、转子动力学及旋转机械故障诊断,
Flow-induced vibration suppression method and structural parameter design of the seal with shunt injection
Zhongxun CAO1 , Zhiyong SHEN1, Fei WANG1, Xuefeng DONG1, Naidan ZHANG2, Wanfu ZHANG2
Affiliations
  • 1.China Energy Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210046, China
  • 2.School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
出版时间: 2024-03-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202308134
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梳齿密封因其结构简单、方便维修及使用寿命长等特点被广泛应用于各类透平机械,反旋流装置可通过影响密封腔室内周向流动,减弱螺旋形效应引起的气流激振问题,提高密封系统稳定性。建立反旋流梳齿密封三维数值模型,计算分析不同结构参数下反旋流喷嘴对密封动力学特性影响。结果表明:反旋流喷嘴倾斜角度越小,系统阻尼越大、稳定性越高,当倾斜角度为30°时,有效阻尼为垂直角度入射时的4倍;反旋流喷嘴形状对密封动力特性及流动特性影响较小,2种喷嘴孔型交叉刚度均为负值且低频下二者交叉刚度差值约为5 kN/m、高频下约为1~2 kN/m;喷嘴数目越多,越能够抑制转子周向流动,利于系统稳定。

反旋流  /  梳齿密封  /  动力特性  /  计算流体力学

Labyrinth seals are widely used in various types of turbomachinery due to their simple structure, convenient maintenance, and long service life. The shunt injection devices can reduce the flow-induced vibration caused by the spiral effect and improve the stability of the sealing system by affecting the circumferential flow inside the seal cavity. The three-dimensional numerical models of shunt injection labyrinth seal were established to calculate and analyze the impact of the shunt injection nozzle on the dynamic characteristics of the seal under different structural parameters. The results show that the smaller the tilt angle of the anti-swirl nozzle, the greater the system damping and stability. When the tilt angle is 30°, the effective damping is 4 times that of the vertical angle incident; the shape of the anti-swirl nozzle has a small impact on the sealing dynamic and flow characteristics. The cross stiffness of both nozzle hole types is negative, and the difference in cross stiffness between the two is about 5 kN/m at low frequencies and 1~2 kN/m at high frequencies; the more nozzles there are, the more they can suppress the circumferential flow of the rotor, which is beneficial for system stability.

shunt injection  /  labyrinth seal  /  dynamic characteristics  /  computational fluid dynamics
曹仲勋, 申智勇, 汪飞, 董雪峰, 张乃丹, 张万福. 基于反旋流的密封气流激振抑制方法及结构参数设计. 热力发电, 2024 , 53 (3) : 137 -145 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202308134
Zhongxun CAO, Zhiyong SHEN, Fei WANG, Xuefeng DONG, Naidan ZHANG, Wanfu ZHANG. Flow-induced vibration suppression method and structural parameter design of the seal with shunt injection[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2024 , 53 (3) : 137 -145 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202308134
汽轮机、航空发动机、压缩机等旋转机械在国家能源战略中发挥重要作用[1]。密封广泛应用于各类透平机械中,对防止工作介质泄漏或外界杂质入侵系统内部、提高机组运行效率尤为重要[2]
梳齿密封在抑制泄漏上有较好表现,且其结构简单,在透平机械中受到广泛应用。梳齿密封有多种型式,按密封齿位置可分为齿在静子上、齿在转子上和交错式;按密封齿结构可分为高低齿和阶梯式;按密封齿布置位置可分为轴向和径向[3-5]。流体流经梳齿密封间隙时,由于其结构变化,流体压力能转换为动能。在密封腔室中,由于流动面积骤增,产生涡流,湍流耗散将动能转化为热能。经过多级密封齿及密封腔的作用,压差逐渐降低,阻止流体泄漏[6]。但由于梳齿密封的周向贯通式结构,流体在腔室一周内无阻碍流动,易引起气流激振,导致转子失稳。
为抑制密封腔内系统的周向流动,Soto和Childs[7]进行了实验研究,发现采用反旋流注射时,迷宫密封有效阻尼系数可显著增大;并对传统的梳齿密封、反旋流(径向和逆转子转动方向)梳齿密封及蜂窝密封进行比较,发现逆转动方向的梳齿密封比径向注入的梳齿密封能更好地控制转子动力学不稳定性,但其泄漏量略高。沈庆根等[8]研究了反旋流对迷宫密封静力特性的影响,发现转子转动方向与反旋流入射方向相反时可以有效减小腔室内气流旋流情况。何立东[9]指出对于柔性较高的转子,反旋流喷嘴使腔室流体周向平均速度较小,有利于转子的稳定。通过控制气流力的大小,可保证柔性较高的转子在亚临界转速下的稳定性。孙丹等[10]通过实验得出反旋流主要通过影响密封间隙流体的周向速度,进而使间隙处周向压差变小,以减小气流激振力对转子系统的作用。Thorat等人[11]通过计算流体力学(CFD)模拟研究得到反旋流可以显著降低在流体注入位置的旋流情况。在无反旋流时,预估的喷注位置旋流比为0.55;有反旋流喷嘴时,预估的旋流比约为0。反旋流使得转子产生了大于0的有效阻尼。郭金道等[12]发现了反旋流的径向和切向喷射可有效减小气流在腔室内周向流动速度,有效提高直接和有效阻尼,极大提高系统稳定性。吕成龙等[13]指出了反旋流喷嘴数增加可使系统稳定性增加。Sun等人[14]研究反旋流迷宫密封动力特性发现反旋流可减小迷宫密封有效刚度,增大系统有效阻尼。Zhang等人[15-16]提出了一种添加在密封腔室内部的逆滞流结构,在压差作用下,使流体流过微型喷嘴来影响腔室内周向流动,达到提升稳定性的效果。
国内外对反旋流喷嘴的研究主要集中于其是否可以提升系统稳定性,对不同结构参数影响下反旋流梳齿密封动态特性的分析还较为罕见。本文应用CFD方法建立反旋流梳齿密封模型,在不同工况下研究了不同喷嘴倾斜角度、喷嘴数目、喷嘴形状下反旋流梳齿密封的泄漏及动力学特性变化规律。
本文基于实验室密封气流激振实验平台尺寸建立反旋流梳齿密封模型(图1),将梳齿密封第2个密封齿替换为带有一定倾斜角度的反旋流喷嘴,并沿周向布置一定数目。图2为反旋流梳齿密封几何尺寸二维示意。反旋流喷嘴所在腔室为C1—2,沿泄漏方向腔室分别为C3—C9
反旋流喷嘴结构差异会改变腔室内流场分布,进而影响系统的稳定性。本文通过改变喷嘴个数、角度及形状研究反旋流喷嘴结构参数对密封动力特性的影响。密封几何尺寸及反旋流喷嘴结构参数见表1
图3为转子椭圆涡动模型。其中ω为转子自转速度,O为转子中心,Ω为涡动速度,C为涡动中心,a为涡动轨迹中椭圆的长半轴,b为短半轴。
本文应用多频椭圆涡动方法求解密封动力特性系数[17]。转子绕密封中心做小位移涡动时,转子气流力FXFY与涡动速度X˙Y˙及涡动位移XY的关系为:
[FXFY]=[KXXKXYKYXKYY][XY]+[CXXCXYCYXCYY][X˙Y˙]
式中:Kpqp=XY, q=XY)为刚度系数;Cpqp=XY, q=XY)为阻尼系数。
分别给定XY 2个方向激励,则多频椭圆涡动模型的涡动位移可分别表示为:
X=ai=1mcos(Ωit) Y=bi=1msin(Ωit)
X=bi=1mcos(Ωit) Y=ai=1msin(Ωit)
式中:ab分别为椭圆涡动轨迹的长、短半轴;Ωi为涡动速度。
对式(1)使用快速傅里叶变换(FFT)可得:
[FXXFYXFXYFYY]=[HXXHXYHYXHYY][DXXDYXDXYDYY]
式中:阻抗系数Hpq=Kpq+j(ΩCpq),j=1Dpqp方向激励时转子q方向的位移(p=XY, q=XY)。
FpqDpq可通过CFD瞬态计算得出,求解式(4)即可得到阻抗系数Hpq,因此密封各动力特性系数可用如下方式表示。
X方向激励为:
{KXX=Re(HXX)CXX=Im(HXX)/ΩKXY=Re(HXY)CXY=Im(HXY)/Ω
Y方向激励为:
{KYY=Re(HYY)CYY=Im(HYY)/ΩKYX=Re(HYX)CYX=Im(HYX)/Ω
式中:Re表示取一复数的实部;Im表示取一复数的虚部。
引入有效阻尼系数Ceff表征密封系统的稳定性,有效阻尼越大,密封系统越稳定。其表达式为:
Ceff=CkΩ
式中:C为直接阻尼,C=(CXX+CYY)/2;k是交叉刚度,k=(KXYKYX)/2。
采用ANSYS-CFX对反旋流梳齿密封进行计算分析,表2给出了模拟计算的工况参数,其余静止壁面设置为绝热无滑移壁面。为使数值模拟结果可靠,各方程均方根残差小于10–6,且进口流量总和与出口流量差小于0.1%。非定常计算中,转子某一方向受力以周期性波动且不同周期内对应点间受力相对误差小于0.5%,认为计算收敛。
分别采用148万、248万、368万、428万不同密度的网格对反旋流梳齿密封数值计算模型进行网格无关性验证。在反旋流梳齿密封进出口增设延长段以保证密封内流场计算的稳定性;对反旋流喷嘴、密封间隙进行网格局部加密,保持y+值在约30~300。以428万网格模拟值为基准,比较4种网格模型下密封内气流力及泄漏量的相对误差。计算结果表明,248万网格模型气流力与基准模型相差0.5%以内,泄漏量相差0.12%以内,已达到计算精度要求。综合考虑计算资源,采用248万网格密度。最终网格模型如图4所示。
图5为本文多频椭圆涡动方法数值计算结果与实验结果[18]对比。
图5可以看出,直接阻尼与有效阻尼模拟计算值较实验值略大,直接刚度与交叉刚度模拟计算值较实验值略小,2种方法得到的密封动力特性系数数值及变化趋势基本一致,因此多频椭圆涡动模型预测密封动力特性结果与实验结果较为吻合。
图6为不同反旋流喷嘴倾斜角度θ下系统动力特性系数。
图6可以看出:
1)当反旋流喷嘴倾斜角度为90°时,直接阻尼最小,随倾斜角度减小,系统直接阻尼增大;且随涡动频率增大,各倾斜角度下系统直接阻尼变化逐渐趋于稳定。
2)随倾斜角度增大,交叉刚度变化较均匀;当喷嘴气流垂直入射时,交叉刚度在0附近略微波动,降低了反旋流梳齿密封系统稳定性。
3)各倾斜角度下有效阻尼均为正值,低频下其有效阻尼均较大。当倾斜角度为30°时,有效阻尼最大,为垂直角度入射时有效阻尼的4倍。此时,各动力特性参数均较好,稳定性较高。倾斜角度越接近密封圆周切向,其系统动力特性表现越好。反旋流喷嘴对低频下有效阻尼影响较大,高频下反旋流喷嘴对密封系统稳定性作用效果较弱。
图7为不同反旋流孔型下系统动力特性系数。由图7可以看出:
1)圆形反旋流喷嘴直接阻尼较大,但涡动频率为20 Hz时直接阻尼较小;随着频率增加,直接阻尼变化逐渐增大且趋于稳定。相较圆形喷嘴,方形喷嘴直接阻尼变化较为平缓。
2)2种孔型交叉刚度均为负值且差值较小。低频下二者交叉刚度差值约为5 kN/m,高频下约为1~2 kN/m。
3)随涡动频率变化,2种孔型有效阻尼相差较小。低频下,方形喷嘴密封系统有效阻尼较大,这是由于当方形喷嘴边长与圆形喷嘴直径相同时,方形喷嘴面积比圆形喷嘴面积大,故在相同进口压力下,较大的喷嘴面积使喷嘴在腔室内作用流域较大,进而提高系统稳定性。
图8为不同反旋流喷嘴数目N下系统动力特性系数。
图8可以看出:
1)随涡动频率增大,不同喷嘴数目的直接阻尼均先减小后增大,最后逐渐趋于稳定;且8个喷嘴和32个喷嘴密封直接阻尼在高频时逐渐相同,16个反旋流喷嘴系统直接阻尼较小。
2)不同结构系统的交叉刚度均小于0,其值均先增大后略减小,而后缓慢增加,且8个喷嘴与32个喷嘴交叉刚度相差较小,均小于16个喷嘴时系统交叉刚度。由此可见,反旋流喷嘴数目对交叉刚度影响较小。
3)不同喷嘴数目影响下,系统有效阻尼随涡动频率变化逐渐减小。低频下有效阻尼最高可达200 N·s/m,且各结构下有效阻尼相差较小,说明喷嘴数目对系统有效阻尼影响较小。
图9为不同反旋流喷嘴角度下子午面周向速度云图。
图9可见,喷嘴角度为30°时,周向流动变化剧烈,变化范围主要集中在腔室底部,沿泄漏方向周向速度逐渐减小,且周向速度接近于0。此时,由于垂直入射,周向速度接近于0,在腔室两侧,形成反向的高速度区;其后2个腔室内周向速度较小,但后级腔室内周向速度受转子运动影响逐渐增大。对比不同角度喷嘴子午面速度云图可知,带有倾斜角度的反旋流喷嘴对后级腔室作用效果更为显著。
图10为不同反旋流孔型下午面周向旋流强度。周向旋流强度可以直观地反映腔室内周向流动情况。由图10可知:当喷嘴形状不同时,腔室C1—2周向旋流强度及近间隙处周向旋流强度变化区域较为相似。沿流动方向,腔室内周向旋流强度绝对值逐渐减小;且不同结构下变化趋势相同。
图11为不同反旋流喷嘴数目下腔室C1—2速度云图及速度矢量。由图11可知,相比较16个喷嘴的反旋流梳齿密封,8个喷嘴梳齿密封周向流速较大,且由于喷嘴个数较少,使得射流流体可以在腔室中充分发展。反旋流喷嘴射流刚进入腔室时可以较大程度影响密封间隙处流体。沿逆转子转动方向,反旋流喷嘴射流流体速度逐渐减小,且作用效果逐渐由间隙处偏向腔室底部,这是由于转子转动导致近转子部分流体速度逐渐减小。对比32个反旋流喷嘴对腔室C1—2作用效果,较多的喷嘴使腔室内流体持续逆转子转动方向流动,且密封间隙流体流速较大,喷嘴射流流体无法进行充分发展就受到下一喷嘴影响,在腔室内速度梯度较小,喷嘴提供稳定的逆转子转动方向周向流动,有益于系统稳定。
图12为不同结构下反旋流梳齿密封泄漏量。
其中图12a)为不同喷嘴倾斜角度时各进出口流量变化。由图12a)可知:在相同进口压力下,较大的倾斜角度可以为系统带来较大的入射流量;倾斜角度为90°时,受反旋流喷嘴的抑制,进口流量减小,系统内流量主要依靠反旋流喷嘴。
图12b)为不同形状反旋流喷嘴下各进出口流量变化。由图12b)可见,不同形状反旋流孔泄漏量相同,但方形喷嘴可以提供较大的进口流量。
图12c)为不同喷嘴数目下反旋流梳齿密封各进出口流量变化。由图12c)可见:在进出口工况相同时,各结构泄漏量差距较小,且随喷嘴数目增加,进口段流量减小,反旋流喷嘴流量增大;但由于压力的影响,即使喷嘴数目增大,系统泄漏量变化不大。
本文建立了不同结构参数的反旋流梳齿密封三维数值模型,采用转子多频椭圆涡动模型求解密封系统动力特性系数,得到结构参数变化对反旋流梳齿密封气流激振特性的影响。主要结论如下:
1)相同运行工况下,当反旋流喷嘴在梳齿密封同一腔室时,虽然喷嘴结构改变,但密封系统泄漏量基本不变。
2)喷嘴倾斜角度越小,密封腔室内底部流体周向速度越大,密封间隙处受反旋流喷嘴影响越小,且反旋流喷嘴倾斜角度越小对后级腔室作用效果越显著,系统稳定性越好。
3)反旋流喷嘴形状对密封系统动力特性及密封流动特性影响较小。
4)喷嘴数目多时,能为系统提供稳定的逆转子转动方向周向流动,有益于系统稳定。
  • 国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司科技项目(WH2023Y02)
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(51872361)
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2024年第53卷第3期
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202308134
  • 接收时间:2023-08-23
  • 首发时间:2025-12-31
  • 出版时间:2024-03-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-23
基金
Science and Technology Project of National Energy Group Science and Technology Research Institute(WH2023Y02)
国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司科技项目(WH2023Y02)
General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872361)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51872361)
作者信息
    1.国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司,江苏 南京 210046
    2.上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海 200093

通讯作者:

张万福(1986),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为透平机械流体激振、转子动力学及旋转机械故障诊断,
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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