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煤与生物质耦合燃烧过程中钾的释放特性实验研究

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煤与生物质耦合燃烧过程中钾的释放特性实验研究

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Experimental study of potassium release characteristics in co-combustion of coal and biomass

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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202605009

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【目的】生物质大比例与煤掺混燃烧有助于减少温室气体排放，但燃烧中释放的气相钾会引起积灰结渣等问题。因此，在线检测燃烧过程中释放的气相钾浓度非常重要。

【方法】本文搭建了单颗粒燃料燃烧实验台，基于发射光谱技术开展了煤与生物质不同掺混比例的单颗粒燃烧实验，实现燃烧火焰温度、气相碱金属浓度及热辐射能等参数的同步检测，进一步探究了混合燃料的气相钾释放特性。实验中以 0.5 mg 烟煤热量为基准，通过热量配比法混合烟煤与玉米秸秆，并通过油压式液压机在 13 MPa 压力下将混合燃料压制成结构稳定的单颗粒，将单颗粒放置在搭建的专属燃烧实验平台上进行燃烧实验。

【结果】 实验结果表明，通过气相碱金属浓度及热辐射能变化特征可整体判断出脱挥发分、固定碳燃烧及灰分三个主要燃烧阶段。随着生物质掺混比例从 0%增至 100%，气相钾峰值浓度由 2.59 mg/m3 显著提升至 16.8 mg/m3，与挥发分热解持续时间呈相同变化趋势，而固定碳燃烧时间则缩短约 330 s，火焰平均温度下降 237 K，热辐射能下降 31.2%。

【结论】生物质掺混燃烧对气相钾的释放具有显著的促进作用，同时会显著改变燃料的整体燃烧特性，包括缩短固定碳燃烧时间、降低火焰温度和热辐射强度。本研究结果可为生物质与煤掺烧锅炉的优化设计、运行参数调整及碱金属相关问题的防控提供重要的实验依据和理论支撑。

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[Objective] High-ratio co-combustion of biomass with coal is an effective strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, the release of gas-phase potassium during this process frequently induces operational issues such as ash deposition and slagging. These issues not only drastically reduce heat transfer efficiency and increase maintenance costs but also may lead to unscheduled boiler shutdowns and safety hazards. Therefore, it is of paramount engineering importance to develop reliable online detection methods for gas-phase potassium concentration and systematically investigate the potassium release characteristics and combustion behaviors of biomass-coal blended fuels under different mixing ratios.

[Methods] In this study, a single-particle combustion experimental setup was established to investigate coal and biomass blends at various ratios using emission spectroscopy. This system achieved the simultaneous detection of flame temperature, gas-phase alkali metal concentration, and thermal radiation energy, thereby facilitating an in-depth analysis of the gas-phase potassium release characteristics of the blended fuels. Bituminous coal and corn stover were mixed using an isocalorific method, based on the heat content of 0.5 mg of bituminous coal as a benchmark. The blended fuels were compressed into structurally stable single pellets under a pressure of 13 MPa using a hydraulic press and subsequently combusted on the custom-built experimental platform.

[Results]The experimental results demonstrate that the variation characteristics of gas-phase alkali metal concentration and thermal radiation energy can clearly distinguish three distinct combustion stages of the blended fuels: the devolatilization stage, the fixed carbon combustion stage, and the ash stage. Every stage could be distinctly identified through the variation characteristics of gas-phase alkali metal concentration and thermal radiation energy. As the biomass blending ratio increased from 0% to 100%, the peak concentration of gas-phase potassium rose significantly from 2.59 mg/m³ to 16.8 mg/m³, exhibiting a trend consistent with the duration of volatile pyrolysis. Conversely, the char combustion duration shortened by approximately 330 s, the average flame temperature decreased by 237 K, and the thermal radiation energy declined by 31.2%. These findings elucidate the promotional effect of biomass co-combustion on alkali metal release and quantify the significant alterations in fuel combustion characteristics.

[Conclusion] Biomass cocombustion exerts a pronounced promoting effect on the release of gas-phase potassium and significantly alters the overall combustion characteristics of the fuel, including accelerating fixed carbon burnout, lowering flame temperature, and reducing thermal radiation output. The findings of this research provide crucial experimental data and theoretical support for the optimal design of biomass-coal co-firing boilers, the adjustment of operational parameters, and the development of effective alkali metal-related problem prevention and control strategies in industrial applications.

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. 煤与生物质耦合燃烧过程中钾的释放特性实验研究. 热力发电, : - . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202605009

. Experimental study of potassium release characteristics in co-combustion of coal and biomass[J]. Thermal Power Generation, : - . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202605009

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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202605009

首发时间：2026-10-15

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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