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Article(id=1295064766783971436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1295064706872528996, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202509020, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1757347200000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1760371200000, acceptedDateStr=2025-10-14, onlineDate=1786697101540, onlineDateStr=2026-08-14, pubDate=1771948800000, pubDateStr=2026-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1786697101540, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-08-14, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1786697101540, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1786697101540, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1295064706872528996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2026', volume='55', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='192', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1771948800000', pubDateStr='2026-02-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1786697087257, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1786698896936, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1295072297266733103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1295064706872528996, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1295072297266733104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1295064706872528996, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=58, endPage=64, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1295064767304065133, articleId=1295064766783971436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Selection research of high-temperature and high-pressure steam control valves for molten salt thermal energy storage in coal-fired power units, columnId=1295064707514257509, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Energy storage materials, devices, and systems, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The high-temperature and high-pressure steam control valves in steam-heated molten salt thermal energy storage systems have to withstand high temperature, high pressure, and high pressure difference, and require frequent and high-precision adjustments. In view of these design and manufacturing challenges, a steam-heated molten salt thermal energy storage demonstration project was taken as the research object. Focusing on the actual application requirements of high-temperature and high-pressure steam control valves, systematic calculation and analysis were conducted on their flow capacity under different selection working conditions. An innovative technical scheme was proposed, which involves designing different stages of throttling and pressure reduction for different opening ranges of the control valve. This scheme effectively achieves good adaptability of the valve under full working conditions. It can accurately match the regulation requirements of the system in different operation stages, and significantly improves the adjustment accuracy. When the upstream steam flow rate is low, the use of steam-assisted atomizing nozzles is recommended, as they can make the atomized water particles finer, achieve a better atomization effect, reduce thermal shock and thermal stress on the pipeline, and ensure the safety of the device after desuperheating. This study sorts out the key considerations in the selection process of high-temperature and high-pressure steam control valves, which can provide important reference for the selection and design of high-temperature and high-pressure steam control valves in subsequent similar steam-heated molten salt heat storage projects.

, authors=Xiaoming LI1, Haiyan LIAO1, Chi ZHANG2, Tao DING1, Shiwei LIAO3, Hongning NI3, Jingchun CHU1, authorsList=Xiaoming LI, Haiyan LIAO, Chi ZHANG, Tao DING, Shiwei LIAO, Hongning NI, Jingchun CHU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jingchun CHU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1295064770814697597, articleId=1295064766783971436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=CN, title=燃煤机组熔盐储热高温高压蒸汽调节阀选型研究, columnId=1295064707795275879, journalTitle=热力发电, columnName=储能材料、装置及系统, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对高温高压蒸汽调节阀在蒸汽加热熔盐储热系统中需承受高温、高压、高压差，且需频繁、高精度调节的设计制造难题，以某蒸汽加热熔盐储热示范工程为研究对象，结合高温高压蒸汽调节阀的实际应用需求，对其不同选型工况下的通流能力展开系统的计算与分析，提出在调节阀不同开度区间设计不同节流降压级数的技术方案。该方案有效实现了阀门在全工况下的良好适应性，能够精准匹配系统在不同运行阶段的调节需求，显著提升了调节精度。当上游蒸汽流速较低时，推荐采用蒸汽辅助雾化喷嘴，可以使减温水雾化颗粒更加细密，雾化效果更好，减少对管路的热冲击、热应力，保证了减温后设备的安全。梳理了高温高压蒸汽调节阀选型过程中的关键注意事项，可为后续同类蒸汽加热熔盐储热项目中的高温高压蒸汽调节阀选型和设计提供重要参考和借鉴。

, authors=李晓明1, 廖海燕1, 张弛2, 丁涛1, 廖世伟3, 倪宏宁3, 褚景春1, authorsList=李晓明, 廖海燕, 张弛, 丁涛, 廖世伟, 倪宏宁, 褚景春, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=褚景春, authorNote=

李晓明（1983），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为燃煤机组耦合熔盐储热技术，。

, correspAuthorsNote=
褚景春（1976），男，博士，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为可再生能源开发与利用，。
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李晓明（1983），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为燃煤机组耦合熔盐储热技术，。

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李晓明（1983），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为燃煤机组耦合熔盐储热技术，。

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Beijing: China Petrochemical Press, 2007: 1., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064785595425003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=29, issue=3, pageStart=282, pageEnd=290, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=26, authorNames=孙华, 苏兴治, 张鹏, journalName=腐蚀科学与防护技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙华，苏兴治，张鹏，等. 聚焦太阳能热发电用熔盐腐蚀研究现状与展望[J]. 腐蚀科学与防护技术，2017，29（3）：282-290., articleTitle=聚焦太阳能热发电用熔盐腐蚀研究现状与展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064786874687725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=29, issue=3, pageStart=282, pageEnd=290, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=27, authorNames=SUN Hua, SU Xingzhi, ZHANG Peng, journalName=Corrosion Science and Protection Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN Hua, SU Xingzhi, ZHANG Peng, et al. Research status and progress of molten salts corrosion for concentrated solar thermal power[J]. Corrosion Science and Protection Technology, 2017, 29(3): 282-290., articleTitle=Research status and progress of molten salts corrosion for concentrated solar thermal power, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064786958573806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=2, issue=6, pageStart=586, pageEnd=592, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=28, authorNames=吴玉庭, 任楠, 马重芳, journalName=储能科学与技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴玉庭，任楠，马重芳. 熔融盐显热蓄热技术的研究与应用进展[J]. 储能科学与技术，2013，2（6）：586-592., articleTitle=熔融盐显热蓄热技术的研究与应用进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1295064787025682671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=2, issue=6, pageStart=586, pageEnd=592, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=29, authorNames=WU Yuting, REN Nan, MA Chongfang, journalName=Energy Storage Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU Yuting, REN Nan, MA Chongfang. Research and application of molten salts for sensible heat storage[J]. 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country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.国能宿州热电有限公司，安徽 宿州 234000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1295064776393121971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Schematic diagram of molten salt heat absorption system process, figureFileSmall=n/aSKnRXyCtWrc1QMBXPGA==, figureFileBig=PPZAIATMqcFvwZUt81Nx+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064776481202356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=图1, caption=熔盐吸热系统流程示意, figureFileSmall=n/aSKnRXyCtWrc1QMBXPGA==, figureFileBig=PPZAIATMqcFvwZUt81Nx+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064778322501813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Calculated flow capacity of the control valve at different opening degrees, figureFileSmall=HMb65iFuFTRdgD4E/msVfA==, figureFileBig=HnaX3vx6e4jSjllsoVOLtw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064778532217014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=图2, caption=调节阀在不同开度下的计算通流能力, figureFileSmall=HMb65iFuFTRdgD4E/msVfA==, figureFileBig=HnaX3vx6e4jSjllsoVOLtw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064778611908791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Schematic diagram of the valve core structure for the main steam 100% flow control valve, figureFileSmall=DW4uZGwswYnqOrWAQSadeg==, figureFileBig=Suxr7ITkjqyhDTfjWYuQFQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064778733543608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=图3, caption=主蒸汽100%流量调节阀阀芯结构示意, figureFileSmall=DW4uZGwswYnqOrWAQSadeg==, figureFileBig=Suxr7ITkjqyhDTfjWYuQFQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064779006173369, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Schematic diagram of the valve core structure for the main steam 30% flow control valve, figureFileSmall=Rs8WgpxiuVJEQel+yOT8fA==, figureFileBig=etpY90esZnxvv6OT+xyfUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064779085865146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=图4, caption=主蒸汽30%流量调节阀阀芯结构示意, figureFileSmall=Rs8WgpxiuVJEQel+yOT8fA==, figureFileBig=etpY90esZnxvv6OT+xyfUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064779362689211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Schematic diagram of the valve core structure for the high-temperature reheat steam 100% flow control valve, figureFileSmall=L8o1gX6Qg2JOBD19C+mtPA==, figureFileBig=jIMwA5i1QnfU6mnfQJkoNg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064779450769596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=图5, caption=高温再热蒸汽100%流量调节阀阀芯结构示意, figureFileSmall=L8o1gX6Qg2JOBD19C+mtPA==, figureFileBig=jIMwA5i1QnfU6mnfQJkoNg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064779530461373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Structure of the spring nozzle, figureFileSmall=bAqbWIo8zoFaXJN60SKeCA==, figureFileBig=tZ36ka5PqVVwwzkv8aZOTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064779782119614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=图6, caption=弹簧喷嘴结构, figureFileSmall=bAqbWIo8zoFaXJN60SKeCA==, figureFileBig=tZ36ka5PqVVwwzkv8aZOTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064779861811391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Structure of the steam-assisted atomizing nozzle, figureFileSmall=eWlTOZWiBPbz7kQUuYz6SQ==, figureFileBig=C3iwa6/59XNksOdbOmxf/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064779920531648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=图7, caption=蒸汽辅助雾化喷嘴结构, figureFileSmall=eWlTOZWiBPbz7kQUuYz6SQ==, figureFileBig=C3iwa6/59XNksOdbOmxf/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1295064779987640513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Key physical property parameters of ternary Hitec molten salt

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项目数值
熔点/℃147
分解温度/℃534
比热容（300 ℃）/（kJ·（kg·K）–1）1.502
密度（300 ℃）/（kg·m–3）1 860
黏性系数（300 ℃）/（×103 N·m–2）3.16
), ArticleFig(id=1295064780193161410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

三元Hitec熔盐的关键物性参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目数值
熔点/℃147
分解温度/℃534
比热容（300 ℃）/（kJ·（kg·K）–1）1.502
密度（300 ℃）/（kg·m–3）1 860
黏性系数（300 ℃）/（×103 N·m–2）3.16
), ArticleFig(id=1295064780306407619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Parameters of various steam sources at different unit loads

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
机组负荷汽源参数主蒸汽高温再热蒸汽四段抽汽
100%THA压力/MPa24.2003.9591.524
温度/℃566.0566.0420.0
75%THA压力/MPa23.2002.9341.143
温度/℃566.0566.0422.0
50%THA压力/MPa14.9701.9600.784
温度/℃566.0566.0426.6
40%THA压力/MPa11.9801.5820.640
温度/℃566.0566.0428.4
30%THA压力/MPa9.2701.2180.496
温度/℃566.0530.0398.1
), ArticleFig(id=1295064780402876612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各汽源在不同机组负荷下的参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
机组负荷汽源参数主蒸汽高温再热蒸汽四段抽汽
100%THA压力/MPa24.2003.9591.524
温度/℃566.0566.0420.0
75%THA压力/MPa23.2002.9341.143
温度/℃566.0566.0422.0
50%THA压力/MPa14.9701.9600.784
温度/℃566.0566.0426.6
40%THA压力/MPa11.9801.5820.640
温度/℃566.0566.0428.4
30%THA压力/MPa9.2701.2180.496
温度/℃566.0530.0398.1
), ArticleFig(id=1295064780620980421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Results of grid convergence study under full-load operating conditions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
网格线性网格加密系数网格单元数/（×106）计算通流能力Kv/（m3·h–1）相对于前一网格Kv的变化/%
11（基准）23.8366.7
21.563.6374.02.0
31.5×1.5166.2375.00.3
), ArticleFig(id=1295064780709060806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

全开工况下的网格收敛性研究结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
网格线性网格加密系数网格单元数/（×106）计算通流能力Kv/（m3·h–1）相对于前一网格Kv的变化/%
11（基准）23.8366.7
21.563.6374.02.0
31.5×1.5166.2375.00.3
), ArticleFig(id=1295064780776169671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Technical parameters of the main steam 100% flow control valve

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目工况1工况2工况3
入口蒸汽压力/MPa15.0024.1023.88
入口蒸汽温度/℃566.0566.0566.0
入口蒸汽流量/（t·h–1）26510090
出口蒸汽压力/MPa12.0012.0012.00
出口蒸汽温度/℃450.0450.0450.0
减温水温度/℃291.0315.0312.3
减温水压力/MPa19.1328.2027.96
), ArticleFig(id=1295064780834889928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

主蒸汽100%流量调节阀技术参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目工况1工况2工况3
入口蒸汽压力/MPa15.0024.1023.88
入口蒸汽温度/℃566.0566.0566.0
入口蒸汽流量/（t·h–1）26510090
出口蒸汽压力/MPa12.0012.0012.00
出口蒸汽温度/℃450.0450.0450.0
减温水温度/℃291.0315.0312.3
减温水压力/MPa19.1328.2027.96
), ArticleFig(id=1295064780906193097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Technical parameters of the main steam 30% flow control valve

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目工况1工况2工况3
入口蒸汽压力/MPa24.1023.8824.20
入口蒸汽温度/℃566.0566.0566.0
入口蒸汽流量/（t·h–1）1009020
出口蒸汽压力/MPa12.0012.004.50
出口蒸汽温度/℃450.0450.0450.0
减温水温度/℃315.0312.3316.0
减温水压力/MPa28.2027.9628.37
), ArticleFig(id=1295064780998467786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

主蒸汽30%流量调节阀技术参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目工况1工况2工况3
入口蒸汽压力/MPa24.1023.8824.20
入口蒸汽温度/℃566.0566.0566.0
入口蒸汽流量/（t·h–1）1009020
出口蒸汽压力/MPa12.0012.004.50
出口蒸汽温度/℃450.0450.0450.0
减温水温度/℃315.0312.3316.0
减温水压力/MPa28.2027.9628.37
), ArticleFig(id=1295064781057188043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Tab.6, caption=

Technical parameters of the high-temperature reheat steam 100% flow control valve

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目工况1工况2工况3
入口蒸汽压力/MPa2.303.403.65
入口蒸汽温度/℃566.0566.0566.0
入口蒸汽流量/（t·h–1）26590100
出口蒸汽压力/MPa2.003.003.00
出口蒸汽温度/℃500.0450.0500.0
减温水温度/℃176.0177.8177.8
减温水压力/MPa8.409.839.83
), ArticleFig(id=1295064781128491212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

高温再热蒸汽100%流量调节阀技术参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目工况1工况2工况3
入口蒸汽压力/MPa2.303.403.65
入口蒸汽温度/℃566.0566.0566.0
入口蒸汽流量/（t·h–1）26590100
出口蒸汽压力/MPa2.003.003.00
出口蒸汽温度/℃500.0450.0500.0
减温水温度/℃176.0177.8177.8
减温水压力/MPa8.409.839.83
), ArticleFig(id=1295064782890098893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=EN, label=Tab.7, caption=

Technical parameters of the high-temperature reheat steam 30% flow control valve

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目工况1工况2工况3
入口蒸汽压力/MPa3.653.403.9
入口蒸汽温度/℃566.0566.0566.0
入口蒸汽流量/（t·h–1）1009050
出口蒸汽压力/MPa3.003.003.00
出口蒸汽温度/℃500.0450.0500.0
减温水温度/℃177.8177.8189.2
减温水压力/MPa9.839.8310.70
), ArticleFig(id=1295064783053676750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064766783971436, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

高温再热蒸汽30%流量调节阀技术参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目工况1工况2工况3
入口蒸汽压力/MPa3.653.403.9
入口蒸汽温度/℃566.0566.0566.0
入口蒸汽流量/（t·h–1）1009050
出口蒸汽压力/MPa3.003.003.00
出口蒸汽温度/℃500.0450.0500.0
减温水温度/℃177.8177.8189.2
减温水压力/MPa9.839.8310.70
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燃煤机组熔盐储热高温高压蒸汽调节阀选型研究
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李晓明 1 , 廖海燕 1 , 张弛 2 , 丁涛 1 , 廖世伟 3 , 倪宏宁 3 , 褚景春 1
热力发电 | 储能材料、装置及系统 2026,55(2): 58-64
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热力发电 |储能材料、装置及系统 2026 , 55 (2) : 58 -64
燃煤机组熔盐储热高温高压蒸汽调节阀选型研究
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李晓明（1983），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为燃煤机组耦合熔盐储热技术，。

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李晓明（1983），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为燃煤机组耦合熔盐储热技术，。

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李晓明1 , 廖海燕1, 张弛2, 丁涛1, 廖世伟3, 倪宏宁3, 褚景春1
作者信息
  • 1.国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司，北京 102211
  • 2.哈尔滨滨大阀门制造有限公司，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150060
  • 3.国能宿州热电有限公司，安徽 宿州 234000
通讯作者:
褚景春（1976），男，博士，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为可再生能源开发与利用，。
作者简介:

李晓明（1983），男，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为燃煤机组耦合熔盐储热技术，。

Selection research of high-temperature and high-pressure steam control valves for molten salt thermal energy storage in coal-fired power units
Xiaoming LI1 , Haiyan LIAO1, Chi ZHANG2, Tao DING1, Shiwei LIAO3, Hongning NI3, Jingchun CHU1
Affiliations
  • 1.National Energy Group New Energy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 102211, China
  • 2.Harbin Binda Valve Manufacture Co., Ltd., Harbin 150060, China
  • 3.Guoneng Suzhou Thermal Power Co., Ltd., Suzhou 234000, China
出版时间: 2026-02-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202509020
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摘要
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针对高温高压蒸汽调节阀在蒸汽加热熔盐储热系统中需承受高温、高压、高压差，且需频繁、高精度调节的设计制造难题，以某蒸汽加热熔盐储热示范工程为研究对象，结合高温高压蒸汽调节阀的实际应用需求，对其不同选型工况下的通流能力展开系统的计算与分析，提出在调节阀不同开度区间设计不同节流降压级数的技术方案。该方案有效实现了阀门在全工况下的良好适应性，能够精准匹配系统在不同运行阶段的调节需求，显著提升了调节精度。当上游蒸汽流速较低时，推荐采用蒸汽辅助雾化喷嘴，可以使减温水雾化颗粒更加细密，雾化效果更好，减少对管路的热冲击、热应力，保证了减温后设备的安全。梳理了高温高压蒸汽调节阀选型过程中的关键注意事项，可为后续同类蒸汽加热熔盐储热项目中的高温高压蒸汽调节阀选型和设计提供重要参考和借鉴。

燃煤机组  /  熔盐储热  /  高温高压蒸汽调节阀  /  选型研究

The high-temperature and high-pressure steam control valves in steam-heated molten salt thermal energy storage systems have to withstand high temperature, high pressure, and high pressure difference, and require frequent and high-precision adjustments. In view of these design and manufacturing challenges, a steam-heated molten salt thermal energy storage demonstration project was taken as the research object. Focusing on the actual application requirements of high-temperature and high-pressure steam control valves, systematic calculation and analysis were conducted on their flow capacity under different selection working conditions. An innovative technical scheme was proposed, which involves designing different stages of throttling and pressure reduction for different opening ranges of the control valve. This scheme effectively achieves good adaptability of the valve under full working conditions. It can accurately match the regulation requirements of the system in different operation stages, and significantly improves the adjustment accuracy. When the upstream steam flow rate is low, the use of steam-assisted atomizing nozzles is recommended, as they can make the atomized water particles finer, achieve a better atomization effect, reduce thermal shock and thermal stress on the pipeline, and ensure the safety of the device after desuperheating. This study sorts out the key considerations in the selection process of high-temperature and high-pressure steam control valves, which can provide important reference for the selection and design of high-temperature and high-pressure steam control valves in subsequent similar steam-heated molten salt heat storage projects.

coal-fired power unit  /  molten salt thermal energy storage  /  high-temperature and high-pressure steam control valve  /  selection research
李晓明, 廖海燕, 张弛, 丁涛, 廖世伟, 倪宏宁, 褚景春. 燃煤机组熔盐储热高温高压蒸汽调节阀选型研究. 热力发电, 2026 , 55 (2) : 58 -64 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202509020
Xiaoming LI, Haiyan LIAO, Chi ZHANG, Tao DING, Shiwei LIAO, Hongning NI, Jingchun CHU. Selection research of high-temperature and high-pressure steam control valves for molten salt thermal energy storage in coal-fired power units[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2026 , 55 (2) : 58 -64 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202509020
正文
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随着高比例新能源的接入，电力系统对灵活性调节资源的需求激增[1]，煤电机组的功能定位正逐渐从基础保障性电源向系统调节性电源转变。截至2024年底，煤电装机容量11.9亿千瓦，占比35.7%，但提供了54.8%的电量和约80%的调节能力[2-3]。煤电机组尤其是供热机组，均是按照基本负荷设计，存在热电耦合、负荷调节范围窄、灵活性差的问题。
熔盐储热作为新型储能方式，具有容量大、周期长、成本低、安全性高的特点[4-5]，成为煤电机组转型的关键突破口。熔盐储热技术与煤电机组耦合，可解决煤电机组面临的深调、顶峰、供汽等多重矛盾，提高煤电机组的灵活性[6-9]，充分发挥燃煤机组在我国电力系统中的“顶梁柱”和“压舱石”作用。
蒸汽加热熔盐储热系统是一种以熔盐为储热介质、蒸汽为热源的高效热能储存技术，实现在蒸汽富余时将热量传递给熔盐并储存，在热量需求高峰时通过熔盐释放热量。该系统的核心设备是高温高压蒸汽调节阀。与燃煤机组汽水系统的运行模式不同，熔盐储热系统往往需要在机组低负荷小压差工况时，进行大流量储热；而在机组高负荷大压差工况时，仅需小流量运行对储热设备进行保温。这对高温高压蒸汽调节阀的选型和设计提出了更高的要求和挑战，高温高压蒸汽调节阀选型的科学性直接决定熔盐储热系统的安全性和可靠性。
常规蒸汽调节阀的阀芯结构在不同开度范围内节流降压级数相同，通过阀芯与阀座的相对运动改变流通截面积，进而控制介质的流量和压力。对于蒸汽加热熔盐储热系统的大压差时蒸汽流量小，小压差时蒸汽流量大的场景，常规蒸汽调节阀的阀芯结构无法适用。
本文创新性地提出不同开度范围，节流降压级数不同的阀芯结构型式，使蒸汽调节阀的通流结构能够满足复杂工况的功能需求，并采用计算流体动力学（CFD）软件进行模拟研究，验证设计和选型的合理性；同时，对蒸汽减温过程进行了优化研究，推荐采用蒸汽辅助雾化喷嘴，通过蒸汽辅助雾化，可以在蒸汽流速较低的工况，实现比较好的雾化效果，减少对管路的热冲击及管道的热应力，保证减温后的设备安全。
1　煤电机组耦合熔盐储热系统方案及问题分析
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某电厂现有2台350 MW超临界燃煤发电机组，对外供汽参数为：1）低压供汽压力为1.1~1.5 MPa、温度300 ℃、流量260~310 t/h；2）中压供汽压力为1.7~2.2 MPa、温度315 ℃、流量50~100 t/h。由于对外供汽量较大，在满足供汽需求的前提下，机组调峰能力不足，可调整的负荷区间较窄，长期受电网考核。
根据该电厂保障供热安全和调峰需求，开展了煤电机组耦合熔盐储热系统的方案研究，通过熔盐储热系统，在满足供汽需求的前提下，可增加机组的负荷调节范围，机组可在30%~100%额定负荷区间运行，大幅度提高机组的调峰能力。锅炉可一直运行在较高负荷工况，保证设备安全。通过蒸汽储热后对外供热、熔盐放热也对外供热的多汽源融合，实现热能的梯级利用。
熔盐储热系统主要由熔盐吸热系统、熔盐储罐和熔盐放热系统组成。其中熔盐吸热系统的流程如图1所示。
熔盐吸热系统将抽汽中的热量储存到熔盐中，热源来自电厂机组的三处抽汽：主蒸汽、高温再热蒸汽和四段抽汽。在吸热阶段，冷熔盐从低温熔盐罐（冷盐罐）通过冷盐泵抽出，分成3路分别与主蒸汽抽汽、高温再热蒸汽、四段抽汽进行换热。换热后的蒸汽根据参数差异（压力、温度）有不同的去向：高温再热蒸汽和四段抽汽分别作为中压蒸汽及低压蒸汽对外供汽；主蒸汽储热后大部分回到原机组锅炉低温再热器，少量进行冷凝换热后回流到原机组除氧器。熔盐与蒸汽换热升温后流入高温熔盐罐（热盐罐）。
熔盐放热系统以存储的热熔盐为热源，加热给水产生蒸汽，供外部工业用户使用。
储热介质为三元Hitec熔盐，成分为7%（质量分数，下同）NaNO3+53%KNO3+40%NaNO2，关键物性参数见表1[10]。
三元Hitec熔盐熔点为147 ℃，超过450 ℃易分解[11-15]，考虑熔盐的运行安全，工程上推荐的工作温度区间为190~390 ℃。
根据汽轮机厂的热平衡图，各加热汽源在不同机组负荷下的参数见表2。根据表2中的蒸汽参数，主蒸汽在30%~ 100%THA负荷下，压力范围为9.27～24.2 MPa，温度为566 ℃。为了保证主蒸汽加热熔盐储热系统的运行稳定和三元Hitec熔盐不发生超温分解，需要在主蒸汽加热熔盐的换热器前设置蒸汽调节阀进行减压和减温。
高温再热蒸汽在30%~100%THA负荷下，压力范围为1.218～3.959 MPa，温度为500～566 ℃。为了满足对外供汽的压力要求和保证三元Hitec熔盐不发生超温分解，需要在高温再热蒸汽加热熔盐的换热器前设置蒸汽调节阀进行减压和减温。
根据表2中的参数，主蒸汽和高温再热蒸汽的调节阀类似于燃煤发电机组的高、低压旁路阀，需要承受高温、高压以及高压差工况。如果熔盐储热系统调节阀的设计、选型不当会产生以下后果：阀门运行时产生强烈的振动和噪声，导致阀门无法正常运行；小压降时最大流量不能满足工况要求；小流量时喷水减温系统温控失败、疏水量大、长时间运行下游管道会产生裂纹，引发安全事故。
2　高温高压蒸汽调节阀选型研究
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对阀门设计选型，须结合具体工况综合考虑机组负荷大小、储热需求量以及对外供汽需求可能存在的变化。为保证调节阀的控制精度，主蒸汽加热熔盐系统设置一套100%流量调节阀和一套30%流量调节阀，高温再热蒸汽加热熔盐系统设置一套100%流量调节阀和一套30%流量调节阀。
为了验证优化设计的有效性，采用Ansys Fluent 2025R1软件进行计算流体力学（computational fluid dynamics，CFD）数值模拟，分析阀门在不同开度下的计算通流能力。控制方程采用基于压力的耦合算法求解，所有输运方程均使用二阶空间离散格式。压力插值采用PRESTO!算法，以提高强压力梯度区域的计算精度。湍流采用剪切应力传递k-ω模型进行模拟，该模型结合了k-ε和k-ω模型的优点，可改善近壁区的预测精度。采用非结构化网格，其中多面体单元用于精确描述流体区域复杂且不规则的几何形状，棱柱单元用于靠近固体边界的区域，以准确捕捉边界层特性。工作流体假设为单相流体，密度和黏度保持恒定。边界条件设定为压力入口和压力出口，所有固体壁面均采用无滑移条件。阀门内部形成湍流流动。
对阀门全开工况进行一系列逐步加密的网格模拟，验证计算结果的网格无关性。各区域网格在相邻两级网格之间按1.5倍的线性加密系数进行细化。基准网格及两级加密网格计算的通流能力汇总于表3。结果显示，网格1与网格2间的Kv值存在一定差异，而在进一步进行1.5倍线性加密后（网格2与网格1之间），差异仅为0.3%。这表明网格2的计算结果已具有良好的网格独立性，因此在后续不同阀门开度的计算中均采用网格2的网格参数。
图2展示了通过CFD分析获得的“两级变一级”结构的计算通流能力曲线，并将其与典型控制阀应用中常见的线性特性进行了比较。当阀门开度低于50%时，节流件以两级节流降压型式工作，从而在低流量与高压差的条件下实现稳定、低噪声且无振动的降压效果；当开度超过50%时，节流件以一级节流降压型式工作，通流能力显著增加，使阀门能够在低压降条件下提供较大的流量能力。该定制化的节流设计，在高压降、低流量工况下具有低噪声和优异的可控性，同时在低压降工况下亦能满足大流量需求。
2.1　主蒸汽100%流量调节阀选型
主蒸汽100%流量调节阀技术参数见表4。
最小减压级数n的计算公式如下：
n⩾ln(p1/p2)ln(1/ε)
式中：p1为入口蒸汽压力；p2为出口蒸汽压力；ε为蒸汽临界压差比，对于过热蒸汽ε=0.55。
根据表4的技术参数，主蒸汽100%流量调节阀工况1时流量大压差小，需要阀门流阻小、大通流，阀芯采用一级节流降压型式即可，阀门的计算通流能力（Kv值）为360 m3/h；工况2和工况3参数相似，均为流量小压差大，需要阀门流阻大、小通流，此时，阀芯应采用二级节流降压型式，以此来避免阀门振动，降低噪声，阀门的计算通流能力（Kv值）仅为62 m3/h。同一只阀门，需要同时满足以上极端工况，定制化设计的阀芯结构如图3所示。
其阀芯结构有如下特点：
1）阀门开度在50%以下时，阀芯为两级节流减压型式，此时满足了工况2、工况3要求，避免振动，降低噪声；
2）阀门开度在50%以上时，阀芯变为一级节流减压型式，此时第一级节流面积增大量与通道面积相等，失去节流作用，仅由原第二级进行节流降压，这满足工况1流阻小、流量大要求。
2.2　主蒸汽30%流量调节阀选型
主蒸汽30%流量调节阀设计技术参数见表5。
根据表5的技术参数，主蒸汽30%流量调节阀工况1和工况2参数相似，均为流量较大，压差较小，需要阀门流阻小、大通流，此时，阀芯采用二级节流降压型式即可，以此来提高阀门流量，阀门的计算通流能力（Kv值）为62 m³/h；工况3时流量小压差大，需要阀门流阻大、小通流，阀芯需要采用三级节流降压型式，阀门的计算通流能力（Kv值）仅为12 m³/h。根据此工况定制化设计的阀芯结构如图4所示。
其阀芯结构有如下特点：
1）阀门开度在50%以下时，阀芯为三级节流减压型式，此时满足了工况3要求，避免振动，降低噪声；
2）阀门开度在50%以上时，阀芯变为二级节流减压型式，此时第一级节流增大面积与通道面积相等，失去节流作用，仅由原第二级、第三级进行节流降压，此时满足工况1、工况2要求，流阻小、流量大。
2.3　高温再热蒸汽100%流量调节阀选型
高温再热蒸汽100%流量调节阀设计技术参数见表6。
根据表6的技术参数，高温再热蒸汽100%流量调节阀工况2和工况3参数接近，需要阀门流阻小，正常通流，阀芯采用一级节流降压型式即可，阀门的计算通流能力（Kv值）为605 m³/h；工况1压差较工况2、工况3变小，而流量大幅度提高至265 t/h，此时，需要阀门流阻更小，具有更大通流能力，这种工况需要大直径阀芯才能满足阀门流量要求。单从参数来看，选择一级节流阀芯即可以满足要求，但考虑到实际运行工况的复杂性，仍采用了二级节流降压型式，以此避免可能产生的阀门振动及噪声，阀门的计算通流能力（Kv值）高达2 905 m³/h。此阀门的最大特点是宽负荷调节，最大流量是265 t/h，最小流量是100 t/h，如此宽负荷的流量变化对于蒸汽的温度控制是一个极大的考验，鉴于此，此阀门配备了蒸汽辅助雾化喷嘴，以此使设备处于最佳运行状态。定制化设计的阀芯结构如图5所示。
2.4　高温再热蒸汽30%流量调节阀选型
高温再热蒸汽30%流量调节阀设计技术参数见表7。
根据表7的技术参数，高温再热蒸汽30%流量调节阀工况1和工况2参数接近，需要阀门流阻小、大通流，阀芯采用一级节流降压型式即可，阀门的计算通流能力（Kv值）为770 m³/h；工况3流量由100 t/h减少到50 t/h，压差几乎增加了一倍，属于流量小压差大的情况，要求阀门流阻大、小通流，此时，阀芯应采用二级节流降压型式，以此来避免阀门振动，降低噪声，阀门的计算通流能力（Kv值）仅为255 m³/h。同一阀门要同时满足以上几种极端工况，定制化设计的阀芯结构类似图4。
2.5　减温水雾化方案
蒸汽减压后随即要进行减温，减温过程主要是通过喷嘴向蒸汽喷射减温水来实现。减温水的雾化效果决定了减温的性能、使用寿命和二次蒸汽的温度，而喷嘴的结构是影响减温水雾化效果的主要因素。
目前，主流的喷嘴配备方案为弹簧雾化喷嘴，其结构如图6所示。在喷嘴的设计中引入弹簧，当减温水的流量或压力发生变化时，利用弹簧力自动调节喷嘴的开度达到改变喷嘴通流截面积的效果，使减温水雾化得更细更稳定。弹簧式压力喷嘴具有较大的可调比，可在全行程范围内精确控制蒸汽温度。同时，弹簧式压力喷嘴可在水压低于管道气压时自动关闭，起到止回阀的作用，避免发生高温蒸汽倒流到减温水管路。研究表明，当喷嘴上游蒸汽流速降至10 m/s时，减温水已经达到雾化的临界点，此时减温水已经不能在蒸汽中完成正常的相变过程，而要降落在管道底部汇集成疏水。
为了保证减温水的雾化效果，本项目部分调节阀后配置了蒸汽辅助雾化喷嘴，其结构如图7所示。
其工作原理为：在减温水从喷嘴喷射出的瞬间，该喷嘴内另设一路高压蒸汽（之前不与减温水混合）也从该喷嘴内喷射而出，且该蒸汽与减温水在喷嘴出口处交汇，使得减温水在射出喷嘴的瞬间，即被高压辅助蒸汽加热、增速、击散、旋流等，随后与上游蒸汽进行混合。研究表明，当蒸汽辅助雾化喷嘴上游蒸汽流速降至1.2 m/s时，减温水仍能很好地被混合到蒸汽中。
3　结论和建议
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高温高压蒸汽调节阀是蒸汽加热熔盐储热系统中的关键设备。为了保证高温高压蒸汽调节阀的稳定性和可靠性，与相关设备厂家对核心部件如阀芯结构和减温水喷嘴开展研究。为了适应复杂的运行工况，创新性地提出不同开度范围，节流降压级数不同的阀芯结构型式，使高温高压蒸汽调节阀的通流结构能够满足复杂工况的功能需求，并采用CFD软件进行模拟研究，验证设计和选型的合理性。
蒸汽减压后随即要进行减温。当上游蒸汽流速较低时，推荐采用蒸汽辅助雾化喷嘴，可以使减温水雾化颗粒更加细密，雾化效果更好，减少对管路的热冲击、热应力，保证减温后设备的安全。
基金
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  • 国家能源集团2023年度科技项目(GJNY-23-76-1)
文献
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202509020
  • 接收时间：2025-09-09
  • 首发时间：2026-08-14
  • 出版时间：2026-02-25
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  • 收稿日期：2025-09-09
  • 录用日期：2025-10-14
基金
2023 Annual Science Project of National Energy Group(GJNY-23-76-1)
国家能源集团2023年度科技项目(GJNY-23-76-1)
作者信息
    1.国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司，北京 102211
    2.哈尔滨滨大阀门制造有限公司，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150060
    3.国能宿州热电有限公司，安徽 宿州 234000

通讯作者:

褚景春（1976），男，博士，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为可再生能源开发与利用，。
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