Article(id=1295064923214738287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1295064874678252123, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19666/j.rlfd.202504050, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1744560000000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-14, revisedDate=1745337600000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-23, acceptedDate=1745510400000, acceptedDateStr=2025-04-25, onlineDate=1786697138836, onlineDateStr=2026-08-14, pubDate=1774368000000, pubDateStr=2026-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1786697138836, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-08-14, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1786697138836, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1786697138836, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1295064874678252123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, year='2026', volume='55', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='184', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1774368000000', pubDateStr='2026-03-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1786697127264, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1786698874628, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1295072203708592834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1295064874678252123, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1295072203708592835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, issueId=1295064874678252123, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=82, endPage=91, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1295064923592225649, articleId=1295064923214738287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=EN, title=Impact analysis and optimization of novel Arundo donax L.-coal co-firing on the operation of coal-fired power units, columnId=1295064901374997226, journalTitle=Thermal Power Generation, columnName=Biomass co-firing technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Traditional biomass resources are rarely adopted by coal-fired power plants due to their seasonal availability and regional dispersion. A novel Arundo donax L. variety, characterized by high yield and robust adaptability to marginal lands such as tidal flats and coastal wetlands, offers a viable solution to these challenges. In this study, based on a 2×1 000 MW ultra-supercritical pressure once-through boiler, co-firing experiments of this novel Arundo donax L. were carried out, and its effects on thermal system, powder making system, and combustion characteristics of thermal power units were analyzed. The results show that the thermal power plant unit operation is stable after adding 15% Arundo donax L. particles. However, the stone coal discharge increases, the coal mill current is elevated by about 5%~10%, the maximum elevation of the coal mill inlet and outlet differential pressure is elevated by 10%~15%, the combustion intensity in the furnace decreases slightly. The low grindability index of Arundo donax L. is the key factor affecting the operation of the unit, and the study concludes that the torrefaction interval of about 250~300 ℃ is the best interval to improve the grindability index of Arundo donax L.

, authors=Zhehao SHI1, Hui XU1, Kai WANG1, Ming LIU2, Quan TANG3, Erwei LENG3, authorsList=Zhehao SHI, Hui XU, Kai WANG, Ming LIU, Quan TANG, Erwei LENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Erwei LENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1295064925928453000, articleId=1295064923214738287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, language=CN, title=芦竹混煤掺烧对火电机组运行的影响分析及参数优化, columnId=1295064901886702316, journalTitle=热力发电, columnName=生物质掺烧技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
【目的】

传统生物质因季节性强、区域性分散等问题不被火电厂所采用。目前,一种新型芦竹不仅产量大而且极易生存,可种植于滩涂与沿海湿地等边际土地,能有效解决上述问题。

【方法】

基于2×1 000 MW超超临界机组直流锅炉,开展新型芦竹掺烧试验,分析其对火电机组热力系统、制粉系统、燃烧特性等方面的影响。

【结果】

结果表明:添加质量分数15%芦竹颗粒后,火电厂机组运行基本稳定;但石子煤排出增加,磨煤机电流提升约5%~10%,磨煤机进出口差压最高提升10%~15%,炉膛内燃烧强度有所下降;芦竹可磨指数低是制约机组运行的关键因素,提升芦竹可磨指数最佳烘焙区间为250~300 ℃。

, authors=史哲浩1, 徐辉1, 王凯1, 柳明2, 唐权3, 冷尔唯3, authorsList=史哲浩, 徐辉, 王凯, 柳明, 唐权, 冷尔唯, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=冷尔唯, authorNote=

史哲浩(1988),男,工程师,主要研究方向为火电厂运行,

, correspAuthorsNote=
冷尔唯(1992),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为生物质能利用技术,
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史哲浩(1988),男,工程师,主要研究方向为火电厂运行,

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史哲浩(1988),男,工程师,主要研究方向为火电厂运行,

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Proximate and ultimate analysis of raw materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品wad(M)/%wad(V)/%wad(F)/%wad(A)/%
大混煤2.1826.4340.2531.14
芦竹6.4972.8517.463.20
样品wad(C)/%wad(H)/%wad(O)/%wad(N)/%wad(S)/%高位热值QHHV/(MJ·kg–1
大混煤56.232.9039.581.180.1120.81
芦竹44.995.1938.681.420.0318.23
), ArticleFig(id=1295064930500244433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064923214738287, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

原料工业元素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品wad(M)/%wad(V)/%wad(F)/%wad(A)/%
大混煤2.1826.4340.2531.14
芦竹6.4972.8517.463.20
样品wad(C)/%wad(H)/%wad(O)/%wad(N)/%wad(S)/%高位热值QHHV/(MJ·kg–1
大混煤56.232.9039.581.180.1120.81
芦竹44.995.1938.681.420.0318.23
), ArticleFig(id=1295064930563158994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064923214738287, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Component analysis of Arundo donax L

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目纤维素半纤维素木质素其他
芦竹47.2724.9813.2714.48
), ArticleFig(id=1295064930626073555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064923214738287, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

芦竹组分分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目纤维素半纤维素木质素其他
芦竹47.2724.9813.2714.48
), ArticleFig(id=1295064930688988116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064923214738287, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Co-firing experiments are planned for the specified conditions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目芦竹掺烧比例/%燃料消耗速率/(t·h–1机组负荷/MW芦竹消耗量/t试验时长/h
工况1002
工况2106570019.503
工况31529.253
), ArticleFig(id=1295064930772874197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064923214738287, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

掺烧试验计划工况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目芦竹掺烧比例/%燃料消耗速率/(t·h–1机组负荷/MW芦竹消耗量/t试验时长/h
工况1002
工况2106570019.503
工况31529.253
), ArticleFig(id=1295064930839983062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064923214738287, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Influence of torrefaction temperature on the Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) of Arundo donax L.

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品烘焙温度/℃HGI/%焦产率/%
大混煤77.06
芦竹123.59
芦竹220063.6291.64
芦竹325064.9769.84
芦竹430075.4246.38
芦竹535081.6036.48
芦竹640082.4632.06
), ArticleFig(id=1295064930911286231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1210938733613449225, articleId=1295064923214738287, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

烘焙温度对芦竹哈氏可磨性指数(HGI)的影响规律

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品烘焙温度/℃HGI/%焦产率/%
大混煤77.06
芦竹123.59
芦竹220063.6291.64
芦竹325064.9769.84
芦竹430075.4246.38
芦竹535081.6036.48
芦竹640082.4632.06
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芦竹混煤掺烧对火电机组运行的影响分析及参数优化
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史哲浩 1 , 徐辉 1 , 王凯 1 , 柳明 2 , 唐权 3 , 冷尔唯 3
热力发电 | 生物质掺烧技术 2026,55(3): 82-91
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热力发电 |生物质掺烧技术 2026 , 55 (3) : 82 -91
芦竹混煤掺烧对火电机组运行的影响分析及参数优化
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史哲浩1 , 徐辉1, 王凯1, 柳明2, 唐权3, 冷尔唯3
作者信息
  • 1.上海上电漕泾发电有限公司,上海 201507
  • 2.上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司,上海 200240
  • 3.湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,湖南 长沙 410082
通讯作者:
冷尔唯(1992),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为生物质能利用技术,
作者简介:

史哲浩(1988),男,工程师,主要研究方向为火电厂运行,

Impact analysis and optimization of novel Arundo donax L.-coal co-firing on the operation of coal-fired power units
Zhehao SHI1 , Hui XU1, Kai WANG1, Ming LIU2, Quan TANG3, Erwei LENG3
Affiliations
  • 1.Shanghai Shangdian Caojing Power Generation Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201507, China
  • 2.Shanghai Power Generation Equipment Complete Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200240, China
  • 3.College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
出版时间: 2026-03-25 doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202504050
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【目的】

传统生物质因季节性强、区域性分散等问题不被火电厂所采用。目前,一种新型芦竹不仅产量大而且极易生存,可种植于滩涂与沿海湿地等边际土地,能有效解决上述问题。

【方法】

基于2×1 000 MW超超临界机组直流锅炉,开展新型芦竹掺烧试验,分析其对火电机组热力系统、制粉系统、燃烧特性等方面的影响。

【结果】

结果表明:添加质量分数15%芦竹颗粒后,火电厂机组运行基本稳定;但石子煤排出增加,磨煤机电流提升约5%~10%,磨煤机进出口差压最高提升10%~15%,炉膛内燃烧强度有所下降;芦竹可磨指数低是制约机组运行的关键因素,提升芦竹可磨指数最佳烘焙区间为250~300 ℃。

芦竹  /  直接掺烧  /  制粉系统  /  哈式可磨指数  /  烘焙

Traditional biomass resources are rarely adopted by coal-fired power plants due to their seasonal availability and regional dispersion. A novel Arundo donax L. variety, characterized by high yield and robust adaptability to marginal lands such as tidal flats and coastal wetlands, offers a viable solution to these challenges. In this study, based on a 2×1 000 MW ultra-supercritical pressure once-through boiler, co-firing experiments of this novel Arundo donax L. were carried out, and its effects on thermal system, powder making system, and combustion characteristics of thermal power units were analyzed. The results show that the thermal power plant unit operation is stable after adding 15% Arundo donax L. particles. However, the stone coal discharge increases, the coal mill current is elevated by about 5%~10%, the maximum elevation of the coal mill inlet and outlet differential pressure is elevated by 10%~15%, the combustion intensity in the furnace decreases slightly. The low grindability index of Arundo donax L. is the key factor affecting the operation of the unit, and the study concludes that the torrefaction interval of about 250~300 ℃ is the best interval to improve the grindability index of Arundo donax L.

Arundo donax L.  /  direct co-firing  /  milling systems  /  Hardgrove grindability index  /  torrefaction
史哲浩, 徐辉, 王凯, 柳明, 唐权, 冷尔唯. 芦竹混煤掺烧对火电机组运行的影响分析及参数优化. 热力发电, 2026 , 55 (3) : 82 -91 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202504050
Zhehao SHI, Hui XU, Kai WANG, Ming LIU, Quan TANG, Erwei LENG. Impact analysis and optimization of novel Arundo donax L.-coal co-firing on the operation of coal-fired power units[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2026 , 55 (3) : 82 -91 . DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202504050
在“双碳”战略目标驱动下,我国煤电行业作为能源系统的关键减排领域,正面临深度减排与能源结构转型的双重挑战[1-3]。为此,《煤电低碳化改造建设行动方案(2024—2027年)》明确将生物质能发电纳入战略路径,提出“统筹推进存量煤电机组低碳化改造,加快构建清洁低碳安全高效的新型能源体系”的转型方针。该能源形式凭借其碳中和特性与高能量密度优势,已成为现阶段替代化石燃料最具潜力的可再生能源[4-6]。目前,生物质发电的方式主要有直接燃烧发电[7-9]、掺混燃烧发电[10-13]和气化燃烧发电[14-16]。与生物质直接燃烧发电和生物质气化燃烧发电相比,大型燃煤机组耦合生物质直燃发电技术在发电规模、燃烧效率和运行稳定性等方面均具有明显优势[17-19]。因此,利用燃煤电厂清洁高效的燃煤技术以及成熟稳定的掺烧技术,依托现役高效发电系统和先进的污染物集中治理设施,对燃煤机组耦合生物质燃烧发电技术研究的开展具有重要意义。
我国生物质资源丰富,年可利用生物质总量为9.56×108 t标准煤,考虑边际土地种植能源作物,年可利用生物质总量将超过2.0×109 t标准煤,接近我国电力行业2020年煤炭消耗总量[1820-21]。然而,传统生物质因季节性强、区域性分散、收集成本高且易与粮食安全冲突等问题,难以在燃煤电厂规模化应用[22-24]。本文提出以新型芦竹作为混煤掺烧原料,其根系发达、耐盐碱贫瘠,可在年降水量500 mm以上的边际土地种植,鲜重亩产高达2.0 t(含水率60%,干基热值17~19 MJ),能有效克服传统生物质受季节限制、资源分散、采集难度大及与农争地的问题,可兼具供应连续性与成本可控性。
本研究通过分析芦竹混煤掺烧对火电机组运行安全的影响,同步优化芦竹研磨工艺参数,增强生物质燃料与燃煤机组的适配性,实现边际土地规模化种植与低碳燃料加工技术的协同创新。不仅突破了生物质燃料规模化应用的资源瓶颈,更构建了“低碳种植-高效转化-系统减排”的清洁能源闭环路径,为煤电行业碳减排提供了兼具生态效益与工程可行性的解决方案。
试验所用原料为芦竹与大混煤,其中芦竹来自于天津某种植基地,大混煤来自于上海上电漕泾发电有限公司。原料的工业分析和元素分析结果如表1所示,芦竹组分分析结果如表2所示。其中大混煤和芦竹的工业分析分别按照《GB/T 212—2008煤的工业分析方法》和《GB/T 28731—2012固体生物质燃料工业分析方法》进行,二者的元素分析皆采用元素分析仪(germany elementar unicube)测试获得,芦竹组分分析通过美国国家可再生能源实验室NREL法测得[25]
掺烧试验在上海上电漕泾电厂2×1 000 MW超超临界机组直流锅炉上开展。大混煤与芦竹的掺混通过污泥上料皮带实现精准配比控制,具体试验工况如表3所示。试验期间设定磨煤机出力为65 t/h,给煤机控制方式切手动控制,磨煤机进口混合风温度应控制小于200 ℃,磨煤机的入口风量控制在120 t/h以上,磨煤机出口温度尽可能控制在60 ℃左右,最大不超过65 ℃,燃料风挡板偏置设为10%。
芦竹可磨性优化试验在回转式热解炉中进行样品制备(图1),以10 ℃/min升温至目标温度(200、250、300、350、400 ℃),维持30 min烘焙过程。全程采用99.99%高纯氮气作为保护气体,流量控制为1 L/min,每次处理样品2 kg。烘焙产物经液氮急冷后,置于标准恒温恒湿箱(23±2 ℃,RH50±5%)平衡48 h。参照GB/T 2565—2014测定哈式可磨指数,每组样品进行3次平行试验。
芦竹生物质掺烧前后锅炉热力系统运行特性对比如图2所示。掺烧前后,主、再热汽温及减温水量正常。掺烧工况下主蒸汽温度稳定于605 ℃左右,再热蒸汽温度维持在595 ℃左右,与基准工况温度波动范围(主蒸汽604~606 ℃,再热蒸汽593~597 ℃)高度一致,温度控制系统最大偏差低于0.5%。过热器减温水量掺烧前后基本无变化,一级过热器减温水量最高为30 t/h左右,在正常范围内。综合主蒸汽温度、再热蒸汽温度的全工况监测结果,芦竹生物质混煤掺烧期间,热力系统关键参数始终处于正常运行区间,掺烧工况下各热力参数的调控特性与100%大混煤工况调控效果等效,未对热力系统运行特性产生实质性影响,验证了芦竹生物质燃料掺烧在热力系统适应性层面的可行性。
试验期间,煤粉锅炉的石子煤排放系统运行状况虽受芦竹掺烧影响但基本正常。图3为对比掺烧芦竹生物质颗粒前后石子煤的排放特征。未掺烧芦竹时,石子煤呈现典型煤矸石形态(图3a));掺烧芦竹后,排放物有未完全燃烧的芦竹生物质颗粒残留(图3b))。进一步观察表明,掺烧工况下生物质颗粒在石子煤中的混杂比例较低,估算芦竹生物质的质量分数小于5%,且生物质残留物主要呈现半焦化,这反映出生物质颗粒在炉内燃烧较为充分。
石子煤排放物的变化直观反映了磨煤机内部物料循环平衡。为量化这种变化对磨煤机的影响,选取6段稳定煤量时间段进行分析,结果如图4图9所示。由图4可见:该工况为100%大混煤,磨煤机F煤量稳定在65 t/h,磨煤机F进口一次风量保持在130~135 t/h,风煤比在2.0~2.1;入口一次风温维持在140 ℃左右,出口风粉混合温度为58~60 ℃,磨煤机F电流在90~100 A左右,磨煤机F进出口压差维持在4.8~5.0 kPa。为保证掺烧芦竹颗粒后磨煤机F的安全性,进口一次风温度由日常运行控制的300 ℃降至140 ℃,工况1运行总体平稳,作为后续工况的对照组。
图5可见:该工况下磨煤机F磨煤量稳定在65 t/h,磨煤机F入口一次风量保持在130~135 t/h,磨煤机F风煤比在2.0~2.1左右,基本与图5工况时间段保持一致;入口一次风温维持在140 ℃左右,出口风粉混合温度为60 ℃,磨煤机F电流有所升高,由95 A升高至100~105 A,磨煤机进出口压差升高至5.5~5.8 kPa,最高可以达到6.0 kPa。就地观察磨煤机F出现了石子煤增加较多的现象(中班总计107斗),分析认为磨煤机对生物质颗粒的碾磨效果较差,其破碎制粉能力较差,随着磨制时间的增加,在当前运行参数下,制粉后仍存在的木质条状纤维无法有效带走,导致磨煤机电流增大以及进出口压差升高的情况。
为解决图5时间段磨煤机F出现的石子煤异常排放问题,将煤量由65 t/h降至40 t/h并同步优化入口一次风量至150~160 t/h,调整后磨煤机F运行参数曲线如图6所示。使风煤比由原设计值显著提升至3.75~4.00,同时通过维持入口一次风温100 ℃,确保出口风粉混合温度稳定在60 ℃。调整后磨煤机电流稳定在75~80 A,且进出口压差由5.5 kPa降至4.7 kPa,系统阻力特性得到优化。尽管该工况下石子煤排放问题得到消除,但风煤比偏高导致磨煤机研磨效率下降且低煤量运行降低了制粉经济性。为此,在图5图6工况下实施了磨煤机本体通风等就地维护措施,待系统稳定后根据石子煤排放情况逐步恢复煤量至经济运行区间。
图6工况的基础上,图7工况为磨煤机F煤量提升至52 t/h左右,一次风量控制在155~160 t/h,风煤比为3.0~3.1,磨煤机进口一次风温控制120 ℃,磨煤机出口风粉温度提升至65 ℃,磨煤机电流维持在90~105 A,磨进出口压差稳定在5 kPa。
该工况相对于图6工况,磨煤机出力提高,且进出口压差、磨煤机电流均维持在较合理的范围,就地石子煤排出恢复正常。可见,提高风煤比是有效解决磨煤机掺烧芦竹颗粒研磨特性较差导致出力不足的关键措施。
图8为芦竹掺烧比例提升至15%的运行工况下磨煤机F运行参数曲线。磨煤机F维持煤量52 t/h、进口一次风量155 t/h、风煤比为3.0、进口风温120 ℃,磨煤机出口风粉混合温度67 ℃左右,电流稳定在95~105 A,进出口压差维持5.1 kPa,与图7工况相比未作显著调整。由图8可见,该工况下磨煤机运行参数保持稳定,未因生物质燃料比例提升出现异常波动,磨煤机出口温度升高了2~3 ℃,这主要归因于芦竹掺烧比例增加带来的燃料特性变化。
图9为芦竹掺比15 %,煤量60 t/h磨煤机F运行参数曲线。
图9可见,该工况下磨煤机F维持煤量60 t/h、进口一次风量160 t/h,风煤比2.7。通过提升磨煤机出力至60 t/h,系统采取降低风煤比的调控策略,将进口风温维持在130 ℃,出口风粉混合温度稳定在65 ℃左右,磨煤机F电流波动区间收窄至90~100 A,进出口压差保持5 kPa。相较于掺烧比例提升前的基准工况(图8),该调控策略在提升磨煤机出力15.4%的同时,成功将风煤比优化至更接近理论设计值(2.5~2.8),验证了生物质掺烧比例提升后系统的适应性与调控有效性。
综上所述,在芦竹颗粒掺烧过程中,因生物质燃料碾磨特性较差,当运行参数未作调整时,磨煤机压差升高10%~15%、电流增大5%~10%,并伴随石子煤排放量显著增加。通过风煤比调控优化发现,在维持磨煤机出口温度65 ℃的边界条件下,风煤比2.0为临界运行阈值,当煤量超过60 t/h且风煤比低于2.0时,石子煤排放量激增并触发磨煤机振动报警;而煤量50~60 t/h对应风煤比2.7~3.0区间可实现稳定运行,此时压差、电流波动控制在±5%范围内。试验数据表明,芦竹颗粒掺配比例提升5%,磨煤机出口风粉温度升高2~3 ℃,该温升现象与生物质燃料的高挥发分特性密切相关。建议将风煤比安全运行区间设定为2.5~2.8,该区间既能保障60 t/h的磨煤机出力需求,又可避免因风量不足导致的碾磨效果恶化问题。
对比掺烧工艺数据发现,炉膛烟气温度在燃料掺烧前后及掺烧比例调整过程中均保持相对稳定。为分析掺烧对燃烧的影响,机组700 MW负荷掺烧芦竹颗粒不同比例(10%、15%)工况下,E、F燃烧器层炉膛烟气温度及空气预热器出口烟气温度数据如图10图11所示。炉膛温度波动幅度基本维持在50 ℃以内,最大瞬时温差为111 ℃,整体温度和燃烧核心温度区间保持稳定。所有测点排烟温度均出现2~3 ℃温和下降,平均温度由140 ℃降至137 ℃左右。掺入芦竹颗粒后,炉膛内燃烧强度出现轻微减弱,这可能是烟气温度微降和排烟温度系统性降低的主要原因。值得注意的是,虽然炉膛温度最大瞬时温差为111 ℃,但该数值属于偶发极值,并未形成持续性的温度变化趋势,整体燃烧工况仍处于可控范围。
因中速磨煤机对芦竹颗粒碾磨效果较差,制粉后仍存在的木质条状纤维无法带走,从而对整个火电机组运行造成负面影响。基于此,本研究开展了芦竹颗粒可磨性指数(HGI)优化试验,结果如表4所示。未经烘焙处理的芦竹1颗粒HGI仅为23.59%,在生物质燃料的正常范围内[26-27],但显著低于大混煤的77.06%,这与前期试验结果高度吻合。值得注意的是,烘焙温度对芦竹HGI和焦产率的影响显著,随着烘焙温度从200 ℃升至400 ℃,芦竹HGI呈现先急剧上升后渐缓的趋势,焦产率则呈先急剧下降后渐缓的趋势。200 ℃烘焙后芦竹HGI骤增至63.62%,相比芦竹1颗粒提升170%,焦产率为91.64%变化不大;250 ℃烘焙后HGI进一步增至64.97%,生物质剧烈分解,焦产率降至69.84%;300 ℃烘焙后HGI突破75%,接近原煤水平,焦产率降至46.38%,依然处于剧烈反应阶段;350 ℃烘焙后达到峰值81.60%,超过原煤5.9百分点,焦产率降至36.48%,有明显减缓趋势;400 ℃烘焙后微升至82.46%,HGI提升明显减缓,焦产率也只微降至32.06%。研究结果表明,250~300 ℃烘焙温度是平衡烘焙能耗与产物性能的最佳选择,能够显著提升芦竹作为高效工业替代燃料的应用潜力,可有效降低火电机组运行成本。
本文基于2×1 000 MW超超临界机组直流锅炉,开展新型芦竹掺烧试验,分析其对火电机组热力系统、制粉系统、燃烧特性等方面的影响,并对掺烧参数进行优化,得出以下结论。
1)试验掺烧芦竹后,主蒸汽温度、再热蒸汽温度、压力变化较小,减温水量正常,掺烧芦竹颗粒对热力系统基本无影响。
2)芦竹颗粒掺烧比例的增加,会导致石子煤排出增多现象。当芦竹掺混比为15%时,为保持磨煤机的正常运行,磨煤机电流需提升约5%~10%,磨煤机进出口差压需提升10%~15%。
3)芦竹掺烧15%对燃烧过程影响较小,炉膛烟气温度测量值变化不大,出口烟气温度降低2~3 ℃。
4)基于可磨性指数的优化研究,确定250~300 ℃为芦竹颗粒的最佳烘焙温度区间,显著改善了生物质燃料的碾磨特性,为燃煤机组生物质耦合燃烧系统的安全经济运行提供了关键技术支撑。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52476194)
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2026年第55卷第3期
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doi: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202504050
  • 接收时间:2025-04-14
  • 首发时间:2026-08-14
  • 出版时间:2026-03-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-14
  • 修回日期:2025-04-23
  • 录用日期:2025-04-25
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52476194)
国家自然科学基金项目(52476194)
作者信息
    1.上海上电漕泾发电有限公司,上海 201507
    2.上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司,上海 200240
    3.湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,湖南 长沙 410082

通讯作者:

冷尔唯(1992),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为生物质能利用技术,
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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