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With the rapid growth of China’s economy and the expansion of its national defense efforts, there has been a substantial increase in the demand for transporting oversized freights. However, oversized equipment and engineering components often face the challenge of being “easy to manufacture but difficult to transport”, and this has led to transportation efficiency and safety becoming key issues hindering their development. The advancement of road transportation technology for oversized freights is pivotal for fostering innovation and development within the construction and manufacturing industries. This paper outlines the inherent characteristics associated with the road transportation of oversized freights and analyzes the prevailing issues. By examining the current state and future trends in the field of oversized cargo road transportation technology, this article provides insights into decision support technology for oversized cargo road transportation, safety assurance technology for oversized cargo road transportation, and design and control technology for heavy-duty vehicles. Furthermore, it offers development recommendations in four key areas: Improving traffic network planning and design, enhancing the oversized cargo road transportation system, addressing core technologies for heavy-duty vehicles, and refining services in the field of oversized cargo road transportation.

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随着中国经济社会和国防事业的飞速发展,大件货物运输需求呈井喷式增加。超大型装备和工程构件往往面临“易造难运”的囧境,运输效率和运输安全性已成为阻碍其发展的关键问题。大件货物道路运输技术的进步和发展,将带来建筑业、制造业等关联行业的创新和发展。文章明晰了大件货物道路运输的本质内涵;剖析当前大件货物道路运输过程中存在的问题;通过大件货物道路运输技术的现状和发展趋势分析,展望了大件货物道路运输决策支持技术、大件货物道路运输安全保障技术和重载车辆设计与控制技术;在完善交通路网规划设计、健全大件货物道路运输体系、攻克重载车辆核心技术和完善大件货物道路运输服务方面提出了发展建议。

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贺宜,副研究员,博士研究生导师。国家优秀青年科学基金项目、中国工程院与英国皇家工程院“创新领军人才”联合培养项目、湖北省“青年拔尖人才”项目获得者。主要从事重载车辆运行安全控制研究。电子信箱:

余荣杰,教授,博士研究生导师。国家自然科学基金委员会工程与材料科学部交通与运载工程学科流动项目主任。主要从事驾驶行为建模、道路交通安全风险预警与防控、自动驾驶汽车测评研究。电子信箱:

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贺宜,副研究员,博士研究生导师。国家优秀青年科学基金项目、中国工程院与英国皇家工程院“创新领军人才”联合培养项目、湖北省“青年拔尖人才”项目获得者。主要从事重载车辆运行安全控制研究。电子信箱:

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贺宜,副研究员,博士研究生导师。国家优秀青年科学基金项目、中国工程院与英国皇家工程院“创新领军人才”联合培养项目、湖北省“青年拔尖人才”项目获得者。主要从事重载车辆运行安全控制研究。电子信箱:

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余荣杰,教授,博士研究生导师。国家自然科学基金委员会工程与材料科学部交通与运载工程学科流动项目主任。主要从事驾驶行为建模、道路交通安全风险预警与防控、自动驾驶汽车测评研究。电子信箱:

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余荣杰,教授,博士研究生导师。国家自然科学基金委员会工程与材料科学部交通与运载工程学科流动项目主任。主要从事驾驶行为建模、道路交通安全风险预警与防控、自动驾驶汽车测评研究。电子信箱:

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等级 长度L/m 宽度W/m 高度H/m 重量Q/t
一级 14≤L<20 3.5≤W<4.5 3≤H<3.8 20≤Q<100
二级 20≤L<30 4.5≤W<5.5 3.8≤H<4.4 100≤Q<200
三级 30≤L<40 5.5≤W<6.0 4.4≤H<5.0 200≤Q<300
四级 L≥40 W≥6.0 H≥5.0 Q≥300
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道路大型货物运输等级

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等级 长度L/m 宽度W/m 高度H/m 重量Q/t
一级 14≤L<20 3.5≤W<4.5 3≤H<3.8 20≤Q<100
二级 20≤L<30 4.5≤W<5.5 3.8≤H<4.4 100≤Q<200
三级 30≤L<40 5.5≤W<6.0 4.4≤H<5.0 200≤Q<300
四级 L≥40 W≥6.0 H≥5.0 Q≥300
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车型 车货总质量规定 车货总尺寸规定
二轴货车 车货总质量超过18000 kg 总高度超过4 m;总宽度超过2.55 m;总长度超过18.1 m
三轴货车 车货总质量超过25000 kg;三轴汽车列车,其车货总质量超过27000 kg
四轴货车 车货总质量超过31000 kg;三轴汽车列车,其车货总质量超过36000 kg
五轴货车 车货总质量超过43000 kg
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超限运输车辆规定

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车型 车货总质量规定 车货总尺寸规定
二轴货车 车货总质量超过18000 kg 总高度超过4 m;总宽度超过2.55 m;总长度超过18.1 m
三轴货车 车货总质量超过25000 kg;三轴汽车列车,其车货总质量超过27000 kg
四轴货车 车货总质量超过31000 kg;三轴汽车列车,其车货总质量超过36000 kg
五轴货车 车货总质量超过43000 kg
), ArticleFig(id=1241742122613789430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1241742073959862762, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类别 大件公路 高速公路 普通公路
空障路障清除 大件处协调交警管理部门 高速公路管理局指导,各路公司负责 公路局指导,各市州交通局负责
运输监护 290 t及以上 车货总质量超过100 t或长、宽、高分别超过28、3.75、4.5 m
运输方案 290 t及以上 必要时
公路(桥梁)评估加固 500 t及以上 必要时
安全评估报告 1000 t及以上 必要时
), ArticleFig(id=1241742122689286903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1241742073959862762, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同公路的大件货物运输保障管理内容

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类别 大件公路 高速公路 普通公路
空障路障清除 大件处协调交警管理部门 高速公路管理局指导,各路公司负责 公路局指导,各市州交通局负责
运输监护 290 t及以上 车货总质量超过100 t或长、宽、高分别超过28、3.75、4.5 m
运输方案 290 t及以上 必要时
公路(桥梁)评估加固 500 t及以上 必要时
安全评估报告 1000 t及以上 必要时
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Current State and Prospect of Road Transportation Technology for Oversized Freights
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Yi HE 1 , Rongjie YU 2, 3,
Science and Technology Foresight | Review and Commentary 2023,2(3): 106-117
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Science and Technology Foresight | Review and Commentary 2023, 2(3): 106-117
Current State and Prospect of Road Transportation Technology for Oversized Freights
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Yi HE1 , Rongjie YU2, 3,
Authors
  • 1. Intelligent Transportation System Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
  • 2. Department of Engineering and Materials Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China
  • 3. College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China

Corresponding author:

Current State and Prospect of Road Transportation Technology for Oversized Freights
Yi HE1 , Rongjie YU2, 3,
Affiliations
  • 1. Intelligent Transportation System Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
  • 2. Department of Engineering and Materials Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China
  • 3. College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
Published: 2023-09-20 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2023.03.010
Outline
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With the rapid growth of China’s economy and the expansion of its national defense efforts, there has been a substantial increase in the demand for transporting oversized freights. However, oversized equipment and engineering components often face the challenge of being “easy to manufacture but difficult to transport”, and this has led to transportation efficiency and safety becoming key issues hindering their development. The advancement of road transportation technology for oversized freights is pivotal for fostering innovation and development within the construction and manufacturing industries. This paper outlines the inherent characteristics associated with the road transportation of oversized freights and analyzes the prevailing issues. By examining the current state and future trends in the field of oversized cargo road transportation technology, this article provides insights into decision support technology for oversized cargo road transportation, safety assurance technology for oversized cargo road transportation, and design and control technology for heavy-duty vehicles. Furthermore, it offers development recommendations in four key areas: Improving traffic network planning and design, enhancing the oversized cargo road transportation system, addressing core technologies for heavy-duty vehicles, and refining services in the field of oversized cargo road transportation.

road transportation  /  oversized freight  /  transportation safety and efficiency  /  heavy-duty vehicle design and control  /  policy recommendations

With the rapid growth of China’s economy and the expansion of its national defense efforts, there has been a substantial increase in the demand for transporting oversized freights. However, oversized equipment and engineering components often face the challenge of being “easy to manufacture but difficult to transport”, and this has led to transportation efficiency and safety becoming key issues hindering their development. The advancement of road transportation technology for oversized freights is pivotal for fostering innovation and development within the construction and manufacturing industries. This paper outlines the inherent characteristics associated with the road transportation of oversized freights and analyzes the prevailing issues. By examining the current state and future trends in the field of oversized cargo road transportation technology, this article provides insights into decision support technology for oversized cargo road transportation, safety assurance technology for oversized cargo road transportation, and design and control technology for heavy-duty vehicles. Furthermore, it offers development recommendations in four key areas: Improving traffic network planning and design, enhancing the oversized cargo road transportation system, addressing core technologies for heavy-duty vehicles, and refining services in the field of oversized cargo road transportation.

road transportation  /  oversized freight  /  transportation safety and efficiency  /  heavy-duty vehicle design and control  /  policy recommendations
贺宜, 余荣杰. 大件货物道路运输技术现状与展望[J]. 前瞻科技, 2023 , 2 (3) : 106 -119 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2023.03.010
Yi HE, Rongjie YU. Current State and Prospect of Road Transportation Technology for Oversized Freights[J]. Science and Technology Foresight, 2023 , 2 (3) : 106 -119 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2023.03.010
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doi: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2023.03.010
  • Received:2023-08-20
  • Published:2023-09-20
  • Release:2023-10-10
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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-20
  • 修回日期:2023-08-30
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    1. Intelligent Transportation System Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
    2. Department of Engineering and Materials Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China
    3. College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China

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贺宜, 余荣杰. 大件货物道路运输技术现状与展望[J]. 前瞻科技, 2023 , 2 (3) : 106 -119 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2023.03.010
Yi HE, Rongjie YU. Current State and Prospect of Road Transportation Technology for Oversized Freights[J]. Science and Technology Foresight, 2023 , 2 (3) : 106 -119 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2023.03.010
表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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