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With the rapid development of application fields such as 5G/6G communication technologies, big data, and artificial intelligence, there is an increasingly urgent demand for new-generation photonic chips. Lithium niobate crystals, due to their excellent electro-optic, nonlinear optical, and piezoelectric properties, have become the core material of the new-generation integrated photonic chips and are known as the “optical silicon”. With the breakthroughs in the preparation and device processing technologies of lithium niobate single-crystal thin films, the single-crystal thin films have demonstrated unique advantages in their applications in high-speed electro-optic modulators, integrated optics, and quantum optics, including smaller size, higher integration, ultrafast electro-optic effect, wide bandwidth, and low power consumption. This paper introduced the research and development progress in the preparation technologies of optical-grade lithium niobate crystals and single-crystal thin films in China and abroad, as well as relevant science and technology policies and their latest applications in fields such as photonic chips, integrated optical platforms, and quantum optical devices. It analyzed the development trends and challenges of the industrial chain of lithium niobate crystals, thin films, and devices and put forward suggestions for the development and future layout of the lithium niobate industry. In China, the research on lithium niobate single-crystal thin films and advanced devices is almost on a par with the international advanced level. However, there is still a large gap in the industrialization of high-quality lithium niobate crystal materials compared with other countries. By optimizing the industrial layout and strengthening basic research and development, China will form a lithium niobate industry cluster covering material preparation, device design, manufacturing, and application in the future.
, correspAuthors=Dongfeng XUE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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随着5G/6G通信技术、大数据、人工智能等应用领域的快速发展，新一代光子芯片的需要日益增长。铌酸锂晶体凭借优异的电光、非线性光学和压电特性，成为光子芯片的核心材料，被称为光子时代的“光学硅”材料。近年来，铌酸锂单晶薄膜制备和器件加工技术取得突破，展现出尺寸更小、集成度更高、超快电光效应、宽带宽、低功耗等优势，在高速电光调制器、集成光学、量子光学等领域应用前景广阔。文章介绍了光学级铌酸锂晶体、单晶薄膜制备技术的国内外研发进展和相关政策，以及其在光芯片、集成光学平台、量子光学器件等领域的最新应用。分析了铌酸锂晶体-薄膜-器件产业链的发展趋势及挑战，并针对未来布局提出建议。目前，中国在铌酸锂单晶薄膜、铌酸锂基光电器件领域与国际先进水平处于并跑阶段，但在高品质铌酸锂晶体材料产业化方面仍有较大差距。通过优化产业布局和加强基础研发，中国有望形成从材料制备到器件设计、制造和应用的完整的铌酸锂产业集群。
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 |
陈昆峰，教授，博士研究生导师。山东大学齐鲁青年学者、济南市高层次人才等。中国稀土学会稀土晶体专业委员会副主任委员、中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会委员。主要从事多尺度晶体材料智能制备技术及应用研究。入选全球前2%顶尖科学家榜单“终身科学影响力排行榜”。获山东省科学技术进步奖一等奖、中国颗粒学会自然科学奖一等奖等。发表论文100余篇，授权发明专利7件。电子信箱：kunfeng.chen@sdu.edu.cn。 |
 |
薛冬峰，教授，博士研究生导师。国家杰出青年科学基金获得者。国家新材料产业发展专家咨询委员会委员，英国皇家化学会会士，主要从事无机材料多尺度多自由度研究、新型材料的设计与探索、晶体生长机理和方法。获湖南省自然科学奖一等奖、山东省科技进步奖一等奖、中国颗粒学会自然科学奖一等奖、中国化工学会基础研究一等奖等奖项，入选教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”。出版专著4部、译著1部。发表论文600余篇，授权发明专利40余件。电子信箱：dfxue@uestc.edu.cn。 |
, authorsList=陈昆峰, 唐供宾, 胡卉, 乔伟, 王亚男, 薛冬峰)}, authors=[Author(id=1242114314782446195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=kunfeng.chen@sdu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242114314853749366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, authorId=1242114314782446195, language=EN, stringName=Kunfeng CHEN, firstName=Kunfeng, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=1. Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518110, China
2. Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242114314916663927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, authorId=1242114314782446195, language=CN, stringName=陈昆峰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=1.电子科技大学（深圳）高等研究院，深圳 518110
2.山东大学新一代半导体材料研究院，晶体材料全国重点实验室，济南 250100, bio={"img":"yrSGulE4qsrdjdoAhFIHzA==","content":"
陈昆峰，教授，博士研究生导师。山东大学齐鲁青年学者、济南市高层次人才等。中国稀土学会稀土晶体专业委员会副主任委员、中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会委员。主要从事多尺度晶体材料智能制备技术及应用研究。入选全球前2%顶尖科学家榜单“终身科学影响力排行榜”。获山东省科学技术进步奖一等奖、中国颗粒学会自然科学奖一等奖等。发表论文100余篇，授权发明专利7件。电子信箱：kunfeng.chen@sdu.edu.cn。
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陈昆峰，教授，博士研究生导师。山东大学齐鲁青年学者、济南市高层次人才等。中国稀土学会稀土晶体专业委员会副主任委员、中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会委员。主要从事多尺度晶体材料智能制备技术及应用研究。入选全球前2%顶尖科学家榜单“终身科学影响力排行榜”。获山东省科学技术进步奖一等奖、中国颗粒学会自然科学奖一等奖等。发表论文100余篇，授权发明专利7件。电子信箱：kunfeng.chen@sdu.edu.cn。
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3, address=3. School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242114315340288641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, authorId=1242114315172516478, language=CN, stringName=胡卉, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1, †, address=1.电子科技大学（深圳）高等研究院，深圳 518110, bio={"img":"OvZDwgWCOQxonBiY4cCOeQ==","content":"
薛冬峰，教授，博士研究生导师。国家杰出青年科学基金获得者。国家新材料产业发展专家咨询委员会委员，英国皇家化学会会士，主要从事无机材料多尺度多自由度研究、新型材料的设计与探索、晶体生长机理和方法。获湖南省自然科学奖一等奖、山东省科技进步奖一等奖、中国颗粒学会自然科学奖一等奖、中国化工学会基础研究一等奖等奖项，入选教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”。出版专著4部、译著1部。发表论文600余篇，授权发明专利40余件。电子信箱：dfxue@uestc.edu.cn。
"}, bioImg=OvZDwgWCOQxonBiY4cCOeQ==, bioContent=
薛冬峰，教授，博士研究生导师。国家杰出青年科学基金获得者。国家新材料产业发展专家咨询委员会委员，英国皇家化学会会士，主要从事无机材料多尺度多自由度研究、新型材料的设计与探索、晶体生长机理和方法。获湖南省自然科学奖一等奖、山东省科技进步奖一等奖、中国颗粒学会自然科学奖一等奖、中国化工学会基础研究一等奖等奖项，入选教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”。出版专著4部、译著1部。发表论文600余篇，授权发明专利40余件。电子信箱：dfxue@uestc.edu.cn。
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38(3): 225-227. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Developing large-size functional crystals through condensing essence of time-space and modulating order of materials, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1242114319287128744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, awardId=2220105010, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金重点国际（地区）合作与交流项目(2220105010), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242114314459484774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114314463679079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, companyId=1242114314459484774, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518110, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114314472067688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, companyId=1242114314459484774, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.电子科技大学（深圳）高等研究院，深圳 518110)]), AuthorCompany(id=1242114314534982249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114314543370858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, companyId=1242114314534982249, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114314547565163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, companyId=1242114314534982249, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山东大学新一代半导体材料研究院，晶体材料全国重点实验室，济南 250100)]), AuthorCompany(id=1242114314627256940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114314631451245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, companyId=1242114314627256940, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114314639839854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, companyId=1242114314627256940, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.山东大学物理学院，晶体材料全国重点实验室，济南 250100)]), AuthorCompany(id=1242114314706948719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114314715337328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, companyId=1242114314706948719, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4. Ningxia Copes Electronics Technology Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 753000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114314719531633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, companyId=1242114314706948719, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.宁夏珂派司电子科技有限公司，银川 753000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1242114316732797594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=
Lithium niobate crystal and single-crystal thin film, figureFileSmall=IGhfKdC/dBvm3vBvbBz5Ig==, figureFileBig=EQKnEXwW8bClEmTpCWqnAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242114316795712155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
铌酸锂晶体及单晶薄膜, figureFileSmall=IGhfKdC/dBvm3vBvbBz5Ig==, figureFileBig=EQKnEXwW8bClEmTpCWqnAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242114316950901404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
Integrated lithium niobate photonic application, figureFileSmall=pjTv1TMt3Og8b5PM/uctAQ==, figureFileBig=Ses/Vnb3DYxODDuffIYFxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242114317030593181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
铌酸锂光子集成应用, figureFileSmall=pjTv1TMt3Og8b5PM/uctAQ==, figureFileBig=Ses/Vnb3DYxODDuffIYFxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242114317097702046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Important technological events lithium field
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 年份 | 重要事件 |
| 2017年 | 哈佛大学研究人员发表文章《Now entering, Lithium Niobate Valley》，提出仿照“硅谷”模式建设新一代“铌酸锂谷” |
| 2021年 | 国家重点研发计划启动实施“信息光子技术”重点专项，提出薄膜铌酸锂光子集成关键工艺及集成技术开发 |
| 2021年 | 国家“十四五”规划相关要求：强调产学研结合，建设开放共享的纳米级薄膜铌酸锂光电子加工工艺平台；建设薄膜铌酸锂光器件工艺产线，研制薄膜铌酸锂电光调制解调器等器件；开发薄膜铌酸锂光电子芯片的耦合封装技术 |
| 2022年 | 哈佛大学科学家研制出首个集成在铌酸锂芯片上的激光器 |
| 2022年 | 欧洲启动ELENA项目（European Electro-optic and Nonlinear PIC platform based on Lithium Niobate），计划打造首个绝缘体上薄膜铌酸锂的全欧洲供应链光子集成电路（Photonic Integrated Circuit, PIC）平台 |
| 2022年 | 日本实施“社会5.0”战略，推动先进材料研发，支持铌酸锂薄膜在通信和传感器中的应用 |
| 2023年 | 济南晶正电子科技有限公司（简称济南晶正）推出了8英寸（1英寸=2.54 cm）光学级铌酸锂薄膜，也是业内首家将8英寸X轴铌酸锂晶体制成铌酸锂薄膜的企业 |
| 2024年 | 《广东省加快推动光芯片产业创新发展行动方案（2024—2030年）》，加大对高速光通信芯片、薄膜铌酸锂材料等方向的研发投入力度，解决产业链供应链的“卡点”“堵点”问题 |
| 2024年 | 苏州成立铌酸锂产业创新联盟，正在努力打造铌酸锂产业高地，有形成“铌酸锂谷”的趋势 |
), ArticleFig(id=1242114318561514143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
铌酸锂领域的重要科技事件
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 年份 | 重要事件 |
| 2017年 | 哈佛大学研究人员发表文章《Now entering, Lithium Niobate Valley》，提出仿照“硅谷”模式建设新一代“铌酸锂谷” |
| 2021年 | 国家重点研发计划启动实施“信息光子技术”重点专项，提出薄膜铌酸锂光子集成关键工艺及集成技术开发 |
| 2021年 | 国家“十四五”规划相关要求：强调产学研结合，建设开放共享的纳米级薄膜铌酸锂光电子加工工艺平台；建设薄膜铌酸锂光器件工艺产线，研制薄膜铌酸锂电光调制解调器等器件；开发薄膜铌酸锂光电子芯片的耦合封装技术 |
| 2022年 | 哈佛大学科学家研制出首个集成在铌酸锂芯片上的激光器 |
| 2022年 | 欧洲启动ELENA项目（European Electro-optic and Nonlinear PIC platform based on Lithium Niobate），计划打造首个绝缘体上薄膜铌酸锂的全欧洲供应链光子集成电路（Photonic Integrated Circuit, PIC）平台 |
| 2022年 | 日本实施“社会5.0”战略，推动先进材料研发，支持铌酸锂薄膜在通信和传感器中的应用 |
| 2023年 | 济南晶正电子科技有限公司（简称济南晶正）推出了8英寸（1英寸=2.54 cm）光学级铌酸锂薄膜，也是业内首家将8英寸X轴铌酸锂晶体制成铌酸锂薄膜的企业 |
| 2024年 | 《广东省加快推动光芯片产业创新发展行动方案（2024—2030年）》，加大对高速光通信芯片、薄膜铌酸锂材料等方向的研发投入力度，解决产业链供应链的“卡点”“堵点”问题 |
| 2024年 | 苏州成立铌酸锂产业创新联盟，正在努力打造铌酸锂产业高地，有形成“铌酸锂谷”的趋势 |
), ArticleFig(id=1242114318637011616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Manufacturing companies of lithium niobate crystals and single-crystal thin films
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 类别 | 企业 | 产品 |
| 铌酸锂晶体 | 山寿陶瓷 | 8英寸，声学级、光学级 |
| 日本住友金属工业株式会社 | 6英寸，声学级、光学级 |
| 日本Oxide公司 | 3~6英寸，声学级、光学级 |
| 美国G&H公司 | 3~5英寸，光学级 |
| 德国Korth Kristalle公司 | 3英寸，光学级 |
| 天通股份 | 4~8英寸，声学级 |
| 德清华莹 | 4~8英寸，声学级 |
| 铌酸锂单晶薄膜 | 济南晶正 | 4~8英寸，声学级、光学级，厚度300~900 nm |
| 日本碍子株式会社 | 3~6英寸，声学级 |
| 法国Soitec SA公司 | 6英寸，声学级 |
| 上海新硅聚合半导体有限公司 | 4~6英寸 |
), ArticleFig(id=1242114318699926177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
铌酸锂晶体、单晶薄膜制备相关企业
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 类别 | 企业 | 产品 |
| 铌酸锂晶体 | 山寿陶瓷 | 8英寸，声学级、光学级 |
| 日本住友金属工业株式会社 | 6英寸，声学级、光学级 |
| 日本Oxide公司 | 3~6英寸，声学级、光学级 |
| 美国G&H公司 | 3~5英寸，光学级 |
| 德国Korth Kristalle公司 | 3英寸，光学级 |
| 天通股份 | 4~8英寸，声学级 |
| 德清华莹 | 4~8英寸，声学级 |
| 铌酸锂单晶薄膜 | 济南晶正 | 4~8英寸，声学级、光学级，厚度300~900 nm |
| 日本碍子株式会社 | 3~6英寸，声学级 |
| 法国Soitec SA公司 | 6英寸，声学级 |
| 上海新硅聚合半导体有限公司 | 4~6英寸 |
), ArticleFig(id=1242114318821560994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Main application fields of lithium niobate crystal and single-crystal thin film
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 应用领域 | 典型器件 | 细分方向 |
| 光通信领域 | 高速电光调制器 | 长距骨干网相干通信和超高速数据中心，相控阵雷达等 |
| 光滤波器 | 波分复用技术、长途光纤通信、城域网等 |
| 光学传感领域 | 电场传感器 | 高压电力设备的电场监测、电子设备的电磁场检测，以及生物医学领域的细胞电场研究等 |
| 光学陀螺仪 | 航空航天、导航、机器人等 |
| 量子通信领域 | 量子纠缠源 | 量子通信中的关键技术，能够实现信息的安全传输和量子计算等应用 |
| 量子密钥分发 | 调制器、探测器等，保障量子密钥的安全分发和传输，为信息的加密通信提供更高的安全性 |
| 激光技术领域 | 频率转换 | 激光显示、激光医疗、激光加工 |
| 光参量振荡器 | 光谱分析、激光雷达、环境监测 |
| 声学领域 | 声表面波器件 | 无线通信、雷达、电子对抗等 |
| 声纳、医学检测 | 长距离探测，精细探测 |
| 声学计算芯片 | 声学集成电路应用 |
| 光计算领域 | 光学开关 | 应用于光计算系统中，可提高计算速度和效率 |
| 光学逻辑门 | 构建光学计算机的基础元件，能够对光信号进行逻辑运算 |
), ArticleFig(id=1242114318888669859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
铌酸锂晶体及单晶薄膜的主要应用领域
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 应用领域 | 典型器件 | 细分方向 |
| 光通信领域 | 高速电光调制器 | 长距骨干网相干通信和超高速数据中心，相控阵雷达等 |
| 光滤波器 | 波分复用技术、长途光纤通信、城域网等 |
| 光学传感领域 | 电场传感器 | 高压电力设备的电场监测、电子设备的电磁场检测，以及生物医学领域的细胞电场研究等 |
| 光学陀螺仪 | 航空航天、导航、机器人等 |
| 量子通信领域 | 量子纠缠源 | 量子通信中的关键技术，能够实现信息的安全传输和量子计算等应用 |
| 量子密钥分发 | 调制器、探测器等，保障量子密钥的安全分发和传输，为信息的加密通信提供更高的安全性 |
| 激光技术领域 | 频率转换 | 激光显示、激光医疗、激光加工 |
| 光参量振荡器 | 光谱分析、激光雷达、环境监测 |
| 声学领域 | 声表面波器件 | 无线通信、雷达、电子对抗等 |
| 声纳、医学检测 | 长距离探测，精细探测 |
| 声学计算芯片 | 声学集成电路应用 |
| 光计算领域 | 光学开关 | 应用于光计算系统中，可提高计算速度和效率 |
| 光学逻辑门 | 构建光学计算机的基础元件，能够对光信号进行逻辑运算 |
), ArticleFig(id=1242114318951584420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Performance comparison of substrate materials for optical modules
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 性能 | LiNbO3
晶体 | InP | SiPh | LiNbO3单晶薄膜 |
| 光损耗/dB | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅ | ⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ 优秀 |
| 最大带宽/GHz | ⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ 优秀 |
| 半波电压/V | ⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ 优秀 |
| 消光比/dB | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ 优秀 |
| 芯片长度/mm | ⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ 中等 |
| 线性关系 | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅ | ⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ 优秀 |
| 集成度 | ⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ 中等 |
| 价格 | ⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ 中等 |
), ArticleFig(id=1242114319014498981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
光模块用基体材料性能对比
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 性能 | LiNbO3
晶体 | InP | SiPh | LiNbO3单晶薄膜 |
| 光损耗/dB | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅ | ⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ 优秀 |
| 最大带宽/GHz | ⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ 优秀 |
| 半波电压/V | ⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ 优秀 |
| 消光比/dB | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ 优秀 |
| 芯片长度/mm | ⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ 中等 |
| 线性关系 | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅ | ⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ 优秀 |
| 集成度 | ⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ 中等 |
| 价格 | ⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅⋅ | ⋅⋅⋅ 中等 |
), ArticleFig(id=1242114319077413542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
Outlook of lithium niobate photonics and its applications
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 时间 | 领域 | 具体要求 |
| 5年 | 光通信 | 互补金属氧化物半导体驱动100 GHz带宽的调制器，波导损耗<0.3 dB/cm |
| 光载无线通信技术 | 调制电压<1 V，带宽达500 GHz，瓦特级功率 |
| 气体、医学/生物传感 | 光到射频频谱转换，中红外光频梳，宽谱光频梳 |
| 6G，太赫兹传感/通信 | 高效微波/毫米波/太赫兹产生器，瓦特级功率 |
| 10年 | 激光雷达 | 大规模光子集成电路：>10³个组件，快速可重构激光器 |
| 人工智能加速器 | 大规模光子集成电路：>10⁶个组件 |
| 精确宽带光学计量 | 自参考光频梳 |
), ArticleFig(id=1242114319148716711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708271147508649, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
铌酸锂光子学及其未来应用展望
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 时间 | 领域 | 具体要求 |
| 5年 | 光通信 | 互补金属氧化物半导体驱动100 GHz带宽的调制器，波导损耗<0.3 dB/cm |
| 光载无线通信技术 | 调制电压<1 V，带宽达500 GHz，瓦特级功率 |
| 气体、医学/生物传感 | 光到射频频谱转换，中红外光频梳，宽谱光频梳 |
| 6G，太赫兹传感/通信 | 高效微波/毫米波/太赫兹产生器，瓦特级功率 |
| 10年 | 激光雷达 | 大规模光子集成电路：>10³个组件，快速可重构激光器 |
| 人工智能加速器 | 大规模光子集成电路：>10⁶个组件 |
| 精确宽带光学计量 | 自参考光频梳 |
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