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Under the dual impetus of global carbon neutrality goals and energy security strategies, nanowire energy storage materials and devices have emerged as a pivotal engine driving the development of next-generation high-performance energy storage technologies, owing to their unique structural advantages and performance scalability. This article systematically summarized the groundbreaking advancements of nanowire materials in fields such as energy storage batteries and flexible and micro-nano energy storage devices and highlighted their critical value in strategic scenarios including rapid response in new power systems, autonomous energy supply for flexible electronics, and high energy density requirements in low-altitude economies. Furthermore, to address challenges such as the lack of multi-physics field coupling regulation mechanisms, unclear multi-particle collaborative transport mechanisms, and contradictions in cross-scale functional integration, the article proposed the establishment of a synergistic innovation system encompassing “fundamental theory, device engineering, and industrial ecology.” By leveraging multi-field coupled in-situ characterization, external field synergistic manufacturing, and data-driven research paradigms, the article aims to facilitate the transition of technology from laboratory to industrialization, thereby providing strategic support for securing a leading position in global energy storage technology.

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在全球碳中和目标与能源安全战略的双重驱动下，纳米线储能材料与器件凭借其独特的结构优势与性能可扩展性，已成为推动下一代高性能储能技术发展的核心引擎。文章系统总结了纳米线材料在储能电池、柔性及微纳储能器件等领域的突破性进展，揭示其在新型电力系统快速响应、柔性电子能源自主化、低空经济高能量密度需求等战略场景中的关键价值。同时，针对多物理场耦合调控机制缺失、多粒子协同输运机制不明及跨尺度功能集成矛盾等挑战，提出构建“基础理论-器件工程-产业生态”协同创新体系，通过多场耦合原位表征、外场协同制造及数据驱动研发范式，推动技术从实验室向产业化跃迁，为抢占全球储能技术制高点提供战略支撑。

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韩康，博士研究生。主要研究方向为新型钾离子电池和高快充型熔融盐离子电池。作为核心成员参与了“飞秒光场调控制备新型柔性电子材料及器件”“分级介孔纳米线钾离子电池正极材料的表界面调控及原位作用机制”等多项国家级科研项目。在Advanced Function Materials、Nano Energy、Agnew、Chem等期刊发表10余论文。电子信箱：hankang@whut.edu.cn。

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韩康，博士研究生。主要研究方向为新型钾离子电池和高快充型熔融盐离子电池。作为核心成员参与了“飞秒光场调控制备新型柔性电子材料及器件”“分级介孔纳米线钾离子电池正极材料的表界面调控及原位作用机制”等多项国家级科研项目。在Advanced Function Materials、Nano Energy、Agnew、Chem等期刊发表10余论文。电子信箱：hankang@whut.edu.cn。

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麦立强，博士研究生导师，武汉理工大学副校长、首席教授。国家杰出青年科学基金获得者，国家重点研发计划首席科学家，英国皇家化学会会士，中国微米纳米技术学会会士，中国化学会会士。主要从事新能源材料与器件科学技术及应用研究。以第一完成人获国家自然科学二等奖、何梁何利基金科学与技术创新奖、国际电化学能源科学与技术大会卓越研究奖、国际车用锂电池协会卓越研究奖、国家教学成果二等奖、教育部/湖北省自然科学一等奖（3项）和中国材料研究学会技术发明一等奖，连续5年入选科睿唯安全球高被引科学家。电子信箱：mlq518@whut.edu.cn。

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麦立强，博士研究生导师，武汉理工大学副校长、首席教授。国家杰出青年科学基金获得者，国家重点研发计划首席科学家，英国皇家化学会会士，中国微米纳米技术学会会士，中国化学会会士。主要从事新能源材料与器件科学技术及应用研究。以第一完成人获国家自然科学二等奖、何梁何利基金科学与技术创新奖、国际电化学能源科学与技术大会卓越研究奖、国际车用锂电池协会卓越研究奖、国家教学成果二等奖、教育部/湖北省自然科学一等奖（3项）和中国材料研究学会技术发明一等奖，连续5年入选科睿唯安全球高被引科学家。电子信箱：mlq518@whut.edu.cn。

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Chemical Reviews, 2014, 114(23): 11828-11862., articleTitle=Nanowire electrodes for electrochemical energy storage devices, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114333744894743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00326, pmid=31566351, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=119, issue=20, pageStart=11042, pageEnd=11109, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Zhou G M, Xu L, Hu G W, journalName=Chemical Reviews, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou G M, Xu L, Hu G W, et al. Nanowires for electrochemical energy storage[J]. Chemical Reviews, 2019, 119(20): 11042-11109., articleTitle=Nanowires for electrochemical energy storage, refAbstract=Nanomaterials provide many desirable properties for electrochemical energy storage devices due to their nanoscale size effect, which could be significantly different from bulk or micron-sized materials. Particularly, confined dimensions play important roles in determining the properties of nanomaterials, such as the kinetics of ion diffusion, the magnitude of strain/stress, and the utilization of active materials. Nanowires, as one of the representative one-dimensional nanomaterials, have great capability for realizing a variety of applications in the fields of energy storage since they could maintain electron transport along the long axis and have a confinement effect across the diameter. In this review, we give a systematic overview of the state-of-the-art research progress on nanowires for electrochemical energy storage, from rational design and synthesis, structural characterizations, to several important applications in energy storage including lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors. The problems and limitations in electrochemical energy storage and the advantages in utilizing nanowires to address the issues and improve the device performance are pointed out. At the end, we also discuss the challenges and demonstrate the prospective for the future development of advanced nanowire-based energy storage devices.), Reference(id=1242114333803615000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=8, issue=32, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Yu K S, Pan X L, Zhang G B, journalName=Advanced Energy Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu K S, Pan X L, Zhang G B, et al. Nanowires in energy storage devices: Structures, synthesis, and applications[J]. Advanced Energy Materials, 2018, 8(32): 1802369, doi: 10.1002/aenm.201802369., articleTitle=Nanowires in energy storage devices: Structures, synthesis, and applications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114333849752345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=30, issue=48, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Wang J L, Hassan M, Liu J W, journalName=Advanced Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang J L, Hassan M, Liu J W, et al. Nanowire assemblies for flexible electronic devices: Recent advances and perspectives[J]. Advanced Materials, 2018, 30(48): 1803430, doi: 10.1002/adma.201803430., articleTitle=Nanowire assemblies for flexible electronic devices: Recent advances and perspectives, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114333912666906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=11, issue=3, pageStart=323, pageEnd=341, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Zhang L, Song T T, Shi L X, journalName=Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang L, Song T T, Shi L X, et al. Recent progress for silver nanowires conducting film for flexible electronics[J]. Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry, 2021, 11(3): 323-341., articleTitle=Recent progress for silver nanowires conducting film for flexible electronics, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114333971387163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=10.1021/nn204848r, pmid=22364279, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=6, issue=3, pageStart=1888, pageEnd=1900, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Liu X, Long Y Z, Liao L, journalName=ACS Nano, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu X, Long Y Z, Liao L, et al. Large-scale integration of semiconductor nanowires for high-performance flexible electronics[J]. ACS Nano, 2012, 6(3): 1888-1900., articleTitle=Large-scale integration of semiconductor nanowires for high-performance flexible electronics, refAbstract=High-performance flexible electronics has attracted much attention in recent years due to potential applications in flexible displays, artificial skin, radio frequency identification, sensor tapes, etc. Various materials such as organic and inorganic semiconductor nanowires, carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc. have been explored as the active semiconductor components for flexible devices. Among them, inorganic semiconductor nanowires are considered as highly promising materials due to their relatively high carrier mobility, reliable control on geometry and electronic properties, and cost-effective synthesis processes. In this review, recent progress on the assembly of high-performance inorganic semiconductor nanowires and their applications for large-scale flexible electronics will be summarized. In particular, nanowire-based integrated circuitry and high-frequency electronics will be highlighted.© 2012 American Chemical Society), Reference(id=1242114334030107420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=10.1021/acsnano.2c11733, pmid=37432675, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=17, issue=14, pageStart=12971, pageEnd=12999, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Law J, Yu J F, Tang W T, journalName=ACS Nano, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Law J, Yu J F, Tang W T, et al. Micro/nanorobotic swarms: From fundamentals to functionalities[J]. ACS Nano, 2023, 17(14): 12971-12999., articleTitle=Micro/nanorobotic swarms: From fundamentals to functionalities, refAbstract=Swarms, which stem from collective behaviors among individual elements, are commonly seen in nature. Since two decades ago, scientists have been attempting to understand the principles of natural swarms and leverage them for creating artificial swarms. To date, the underlying physics; techniques for actuation, navigation, and control; field-generation systems; and a research community are now in place. This Review reviews the fundamental principles and applications of micro/nanorobotic swarms. The generation mechanisms of the emergent collective behaviors among the micro/nanoagents identified over the past two decades are elucidated. The advantages and drawbacks of different techniques, existing control systems, major challenges, and potential prospects of micro/nanorobotic swarms are discussed.), Reference(id=1242114334084633373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Sharon M, journalName=Nanotechnology’s entry into the defense arena, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sharon M. Nanotechnology’s entry into the defense arena[M]//Nanotechnology in the Defense Industry: Advances, Innovation, and Practical Applications. Hoboken: Wiley, 2019: 1-35., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114334147547934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=10.1038/nnano.2007.411, pmid=18654447, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=3, issue=1, pageStart=31, pageEnd=35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Chan C K, Peng H, Liu G, journalName=Nature Nanotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chan C K, Peng H, Liu G, et al. High-performance lithium battery anodes using silicon nanowires[J]. Nature Nanotechnology, 2008, 3(1): 31-35., articleTitle=High-performance lithium battery anodes using silicon nanowires, refAbstract=There is great interest in developing rechargeable lithium batteries with higher energy capacity and longer cycle life for applications in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles and implantable medical devices. Silicon is an attractive anode material for lithium batteries because it has a low discharge potential and the highest known theoretical charge capacity (4,200 mAh g(-1); ref. 2). Although this is more than ten times higher than existing graphite anodes and much larger than various nitride and oxide materials, silicon anodes have limited applications because silicon's volume changes by 400% upon insertion and extraction of lithium which results in pulverization and capacity fading. Here, we show that silicon nanowire battery electrodes circumvent these issues as they can accommodate large strain without pulverization, provide good electronic contact and conduction, and display short lithium insertion distances. We achieved the theoretical charge capacity for silicon anodes and maintained a discharge capacity close to 75% of this maximum, with little fading during cycling.), Reference(id=1242114334197879583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=8, issue=10, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=He P, Zhang G B, Liao X B, journalName=Advanced Energy Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=He P, Zhang G B, Liao X B, et al. Sodium ion stabilized vanadium oxide nanowire cathode for high-performance zinc-ion batteries[J]. Advanced Energy Materials, 2018, 8(10): 1702463, doi: 10.1002/aenm.201702463., articleTitle=Sodium ion stabilized vanadium oxide nanowire cathode for high-performance zinc-ion batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114334264988448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=19, issue=21, pageStart=3712, pageEnd=3716, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Mai L Q, Hu B, Chen W, journalName=Advanced Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mai L Q, Hu B, Chen W, et al. Lithiated MoO₃ nanobelts with greatly improved performance for lithium batteries[J]. Advanced Materials, 2007, 19(21): 3712-3716., articleTitle=Lithiated MoO₃ nanobelts with greatly improved performance for lithium batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114334327903009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=10.1021/ja409027s, pmid=24219156, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=135, issue=48, pageStart=18176, pageEnd=18182, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Yan M, Wang F, Han C, journalName=Journal of the American Chemical Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yan M, Wang F, Han C, et al. Nanowire templated semihollow bicontinuous graphene scrolls: Designed construction, mechanism, and enhanced energy storage performance[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2013, 135(48): 18176-18182., articleTitle=Nanowire templated semihollow bicontinuous graphene scrolls: Designed construction, mechanism, and enhanced energy storage performance, refAbstract=Graphene scrolls have been widely investigated for applications in electronics, sensors, energy storage, etc. However, graphene scrolls with tens of micrometers in length and with other materials in their cavities have not been obtained. Here nanowire templated semihollow bicontinuous graphene scroll architecture is designed and constructed through "oriented assembly" and "self-scroll" strategy. These obtained nanowire templated graphene scrolls can achieve over 30 μm in length with interior cavities between the nanowire and scroll. It is demonstrated through experiments and molecular dynamic simulations that the semihollow bicontinuous structure construction processes depend on the systemic energy, the curvature of nanowires, and the reaction time. Lithium batteries based on V3O7 nanowire templated graphene scrolls (VGSs) exhibit an optimal performance with specific capacity of 321 mAh/g at 100 mA/g and 87.3% capacity retention after 400 cycles at 2000 mA/g. The VGS also shows a high conductivity of 1056 S/m and high capacity of 162 mAh/g at a large density of 3000 mA/g with only 5 wt % graphene added which are 27 and 4.5 times as high as those of V3O7 nanowires, respectively. A supercapacitor made of MnO2 nanowire templated graphene scrolls (MGSs) also shows a high capacity of 317 F/g at 1A/g, which is over 1.5 times than that of MnO2 nanowires without graphene scrolls. These excellent energy storage capacities and cycling performance are attributed to the unique structure of the nanowire templated graphene scroll, which provides continuous electron and ion transfer channels and space for free volume expansion of nanowires during cycling. This strategy and understanding can be used to synthesize other nanowire templated graphene scroll architectures, which can be extended to other fabrication processes and fields.), Reference(id=1242114334390817570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=15, issue=1, pageStart=738, pageEnd=744, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Cai Z, Xu L, Yan M, journalName=Nano Letters, American Chemical Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cai Z, Xu L, Yan M, et al. Manganese oxide/carbon yolk-shell nanorod anodes for high capacity lithium batteries[J]. Nano Letters, American Chemical Society, 2015, 15(1): 738-744., articleTitle=Manganese oxide/carbon yolk-shell nanorod anodes for high capacity lithium batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114334457926435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=24, issue=48, pageStart=6502, pageEnd=6506, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Shen L F, Uchaker E, Zhang X G, journalName=Advanced Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shen L F, Uchaker E, Zhang X G, et al. Hydrogenated Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ nanowire arrays for high rate lithium ion batteries[J]. Advanced Materials, 2012, 24(48): 6502-6506., articleTitle=Hydrogenated Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ nanowire arrays for high rate lithium ion batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114334529229604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=489, issue=null, pageStart=151025, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Liang S H, Guan H, Zhang H N, journalName=Chemical Engineering Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liang S H, Guan H, Zhang H N, et al. Intelligent off/on switchable electromagnetic wave absorbing material based on VO₂ nanowires[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, 489: 151025, doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.151025., articleTitle=Intelligent off/on switchable electromagnetic wave absorbing material based on VO₂ nanowires, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114334583755557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=26067281, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=6, issue=null, pageStart=7402, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Niu C J, Meng J S, Wang X P, journalName=Nature Communications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Niu C J, Meng J S, Wang X P, et al. General synthesis of complex nanotubes by gradient electrospinning and controlled pyrolysis[J]. Nature Communications, 2015, 6: 7402, doi: 10.1038/ncomms8402., articleTitle=General synthesis of complex nanotubes by gradient electrospinning and controlled pyrolysis, refAbstract=Niu, Chaojiang; Meng, Jiashen; Wang, Xuanpeng; Han, Chunhua; Yan, Mengyu; Zhao, Kangning; Xu, Xiaoming; Ren, Wenhao; Zhao, Yunlong; Zhang, Qingjie; Zhao, Dongyuan; Mai, Liqiang Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. Zhao, Yunlong; Xu, Lin Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.), Reference(id=1242114334646670118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=2, issue=null, pageStart=381, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Mai L Q, Yang F, Zhao Y L, journalName=Nature Communications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mai L Q, Yang F, Zhao Y L, et al. Hierarchical MnMoO₄/CoMoO₄ heterostructured nanowires with enhanced supercapacitor performance[J]. Nature Communications, 2011, 2: 381, doi: 10.1038/ncomms1387., articleTitle=Hierarchical MnMoO₄/CoMoO₄ heterostructured nanowires with enhanced supercapacitor performance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114334705390375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=36, issue=26, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Yue Y, Zhang D, Wang P Y, journalName=Advanced Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yue Y, Zhang D, Wang P Y, et al. Large-area flexible carbon nanofilms with synergistically enhanced transmittance and conductivity prepared by reorganizing single-walled carbon nanotube networks[J]. Advanced Materials, 2024, 36(26): 2313971, doi: 10.1002/adma.202313971., articleTitle=Large-area flexible carbon nanofilms with synergistically enhanced transmittance and conductivity prepared by reorganizing single-walled carbon nanotube networks, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114334764110632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=106, issue=null, pageStart=108067, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Kim J, Kim M, Jung H, journalName=Nano Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kim J, Kim M, Jung H, et al. Ultrastable 2D material-wrapped copper nanowires for high-performance flexible and transparent energy devices[J]. Nano Energy, 2023, 106: 108067, doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.108067., articleTitle=Ultrastable 2D material-wrapped copper nanowires for high-performance flexible and transparent energy devices, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114334818636585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=10.1038/s41565-024-01658-6, pmid=38684805, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=19, issue=8, pageStart=1158, pageEnd=1167, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Xu Y D, Ye Z L, Zhao G G, journalName=Nature Nanotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Y D, Ye Z L, Zhao G G, et al. Phase-separated porous nanocomposite with ultralow percolation threshold for wireless bioelectronics[J]. Nature Nanotechnology, 2024, 19(8): 1158-1167., articleTitle=Phase-separated porous nanocomposite with ultralow percolation threshold for wireless bioelectronics, refAbstract=Realizing the full potential of stretchable bioelectronics in wearables, biomedical implants and soft robotics necessitates conductive elastic composites that are intrinsically soft, highly conductive and strain resilient. However, existing composites usually compromise electrical durability and performance due to disrupted conductive paths under strain and rely heavily on a high content of conductive filler. Here we present an in situ phase-separation method that facilitates microscale silver nanowire assembly and creates self-organized percolation networks on pore surfaces. The resultant nanocomposites are highly conductive, strain insensitive and fatigue tolerant, while minimizing filler usage. Their resilience is rooted in multiscale porous polymer matrices that dissipate stress and rigid conductive fillers adapting to strain-induced geometry changes. Notably, the presence of porous microstructures reduces the percolation threshold (V = 0.00062) by 48-fold and suppresses electrical degradation even under strains exceeding 600%. Theoretical calculations yield results that are quantitatively consistent with experimental findings. By pairing these nanocomposites with near-field communication technologies, we have demonstrated stretchable wireless power and data transmission solutions that are ideal for both skin-interfaced and implanted bioelectronics. The systems enable battery-free wireless powering and sensing of a range of sweat biomarkers-with less than 10% performance variation even at 50% strain. Ultimately, our strategy offers expansive material options for diverse applications.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.), Reference(id=1242114334881551146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=8, issue=9, pageStart=2410, pageEnd=2418, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Yan M Y, Wang P Y, Pan X L, journalName=Chem, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yan M Y, Wang P Y, Pan X L, et al. Quadrupling the stored charge by extending the accessible density of states[J]. Chem, 2022, 8(9): 2410-2418., articleTitle=Quadrupling the stored charge by extending the accessible density of states, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114334940271403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=9, issue=10, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Liu T C, Amine K, journalName=National Science Review, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu T C, Amine K. Boosted on-chip energy storage with transistors[J]. National Science Review, 2022, 9(10): nwac161, doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwac161., articleTitle=Boosted on-chip energy storage with transistors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114334998991660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=617, issue=7962, pageStart=724, pageEnd=729, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Jin J, Wicks J, Min Q H, journalName=Nature, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jin J, Wicks J, Min Q H, et al. Constrained C₂ adsorbate orientation enables CO-to-acetate electroreduction[J]. Nature, 2023, 617(7962): 724-729., articleTitle=Constrained C₂ adsorbate orientation enables CO-to-acetate electroreduction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114335053517613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=546, issue=7659, pageStart=469, pageEnd=470, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Mai L Q, Yan M Y, Zhao Y L, journalName=Nature, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mai L Q, Yan M Y, Zhao Y L. Track batteries degrading in real time[J]. Nature, 2017, 546(7659): 469-470., articleTitle=Track batteries degrading in real time, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114335108043566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=16, issue=null, pageStart=45, pageEnd=56, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Grey C P, Tarascon J M, journalName=Nature Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Grey C P, Tarascon J M. Sustainability and in situ monitoring in battery development[J]. Nature Materials, 2017, 16: 45-56, doi: 10.1038/nmat4777., articleTitle=Sustainability and in situ monitoring in battery development, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114336571855663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=29, issue=31, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Yang Y J, Liu X Z, Dai Z H, journalName=Advanced Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Y J, Liu X Z, Dai Z H, et al. In situ electrochemistry of rechargeable battery materials: Status report and perspectives[J]. Advanced Materials, 2017, 29(31): 1606922, doi: 10.1002/adma.201606922., articleTitle=In situ electrochemistry of rechargeable battery materials: Status report and perspectives, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114336630575920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=10.1021/nl102845r, pmid=20831213, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=10, issue=10, pageStart=4273, pageEnd=4278, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Mai L Q, Dong Y J, Xu L, journalName=Nano Letters, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mai L Q, Dong Y J, Xu L, et al. Single nanowire electrochemical devices[J]. Nano Letters, 2010, 10(10): 4273-4278., articleTitle=Single nanowire electrochemical devices, refAbstract=We report the single nanowire electrode devices designed as a unique platform for in situ probing the intrinsic reason for electrode capacity fading in Li ion based energy storage devices. In this device, a single vanadium oxide nanowire or single Si/a-Si core/shell nanowire was used as working electrode, and electrical transport of the single nanowire was recorded in situ to detect the evolution of the nanowire during charging and discharging. Along with lithium ion intercalation by shallow discharge, the vanadium oxide nanowire conductance was decreased over 2 orders. The conductance change can be restored to previous scale upon lithium ion deintercalation with shallow charge. However, when the nanowire was deeply discharged, the conductance dropped over 5 orders, indicating that permanent structure change happens when too many lithium ions were intercalated into the vanadium oxide layered structures. Different from vanadium oxide, the conductance of a single Si/a-Si core/shell nanowire monotonously decreased along with the electrochemical test, which agrees with Raman mapping of single Si/a-Si nanowire at different charge/discharge states, indicating permanent structure change after lithium ion insertion and extraction. Our present work provides the direct relationship between electrical transport, structure, and electrochemical properties of a single nanowire electrode, which will be a promising and straightforward way for nanoscale battery diagnosis.), Reference(id=1242114336689296177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=11, issue=4, pageStart=2083, pageEnd=2092, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Liao X B, Zhao Y L, Wang J H, journalName=Nano Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liao X B, Zhao Y L, Wang J H, et al. MoS₂/MnO₂ heterostructured nanodevices for electrochemical energy storage[J]. Nano Research, 2018, 11(4): 2083-2092., articleTitle=MoS₂/MnO₂ heterostructured nanodevices for electrochemical energy storage, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242114336756405042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=10.1021/jacs.0c02137, pmid=32266814, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=142, issue=17, pageStart=7968, pageEnd=7975, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=He Z, Chang L G, Lin Y, journalName=Journal of the American Chemical Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=He Z, Chang L G, Lin Y, et al. Real-time visualization of solid-phase ion migration kinetics on nanowire monolayer[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2020, 142(17): 7968-7975., articleTitle=Real-time visualization of solid-phase ion migration kinetics on nanowire monolayer, refAbstract=Ion migration has been recognized as a critical step in determining the performance of numerous devices in chemistry, biology, and material science. However, direct visualization and quantitative investigation of solid-phase ion migration among anisotropic nanostructures have been a challenging task. Here, we report an in-situ ChemTEM method to quantitatively investigate the solid-phase ion migration process among coassembled nanowires (NWs). This complicated process was tracked within a NW and between NWs with an obvious nanogap, which was revealed by both phase field simulation and ab initio modeling theoretical evaluation. A migration "bridge" between neighboring NWs was observed. Furthermore, these new observations could be applied to migration of other metal ions on semiconductor NWs. These findings provide critical insights into the solid-phase ion migration kinetics occurring in nanoscale systems with generality and offer an efficient tool to explore other ion migration processes, which will facilitate fabrication of customized and new heteronanostructures in the future.), Reference(id=1242114336819319603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, doi=10.1021/jacs.4c06480, pmid=39135346, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=146, issue=33, pageStart=23398, pageEnd=23405, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Yang Y, Shi C Q, Feijóo J, journalName=Journal of the American Chemical Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Y, Shi C Q, Feijóo J, et al. Dynamic evolution of copper nanowires during CO₂ reduction probed by operando electrochemical 4D-STEM and X-ray spectroscopy[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2024, 146(33): 23398-23405., articleTitle=Dynamic evolution of copper nanowires during CO₂ reduction probed by operando electrochemical 4D-STEM and X-ray spectroscopy, refAbstract=Nanowires have emerged as an important family of one-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials owing to their exceptional optical, electrical, and chemical properties. In particular, Cu nanowires (NWs) show promising applications in catalyzing the challenging electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) to valuable chemical fuels. Despite early reports showing morphological changes of Cu NWs after CORR processes, their structural evolution and the resulting exact nature of active Cu sites remain largely elusive, which calls for the development of multimodal time-resolved nm-scale methods. Here, we report that well-defined 1D copper nanowires, with a diameter of around 30 nm, have a metallic 5-fold twinned Cu core and around 4 nm CuO shell. electrochemical liquid-cell scanning transmission electron microscopy (EC-STEM) showed that as-synthesized Cu@CuO NWs experienced electroreduction of surface CuO to disordered (spongy) metallic Cu shell (Cu@Cu NWs) under CORR relevant conditions. Cu@Cu NWs further underwent a CO-driven Cu migration leading to a complete evolution to polycrystalline metallic Cu nanograins. electrochemical four-dimensional (4D) STEM in liquid, assisted by machine learning, interrogates the complex structures of Cu nanograin boundaries. Correlative synchrotron-based high-energy-resolution X-ray absorption spectroscopy unambiguously probes the electroreduction of Cu@CuO to fully metallic Cu nanograins followed by partial reoxidation of surface Cu during postelectrolysis air exposure. This study shows that Cu nanowires evolve into completely different metallic Cu nanograin structures supporting the (operating) active sites for the CORR.)], funds=[Fund(id=1242114333308687121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, awardId=2020YFA0715000, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0715000), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242114333363213074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, awardId=52127816, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(52127816), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242114329307321051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114329315709660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, companyId=1242114329307321051, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114329324098269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, companyId=1242114329307321051, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.武汉理工大学材料复合新技术全国重点实验室，材料科学与工程学院，武汉 430070)]), AuthorCompany(id=1242114329378624222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114329387012831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, companyId=1242114329378624222, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. School of Physics and Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114329395401440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, companyId=1242114329378624222, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.武汉理工大学物理与力学学院，武汉 430070)]), AuthorCompany(id=1242114329449927393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242114329458316002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146032081894723586, articleId=1148708269436236510, companyId=1242114329449927393, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. 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PDMS：Polydimethy Siloxane，聚二甲基硅氧化烷。

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VASP：Vienna Ab-initio Simulation Package，现阶段材料模拟和计算物质科学研究中最流行的商用软件之一；SIESTA：Spanish Initiative for Electronic Simulations with Thousands of Atoms，常用于分子和固体的电子计算和分子动力学模拟程序，通常在处理大体系或复杂边界条件时使用。

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