Article(id=1204385281467199924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189621681917173762, issueId=1204385280917746100, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20210775, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=1642003200000, revisedDateStr=2022-01-13, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1765077427498, onlineDateStr=2025-12-07, pubDate=1674489600000, pubDateStr=2023-01-24, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765077427498, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765077427497, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765077427497, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1204385280917746100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189621681917173762, year='2023', volume='', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='62', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765077427367, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765079007410, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1204391908165526072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189621681917173762, issueId=1204385280917746100, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1204391908165526073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189621681917173762, issueId=1204385280917746100, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=37, endPage=43, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1204385281735635382, articleId=1204385281467199924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189621681917173762, language=EN, title=Research on the Coordinated Control of Active Front Steering and Direct Yaw-Moment Control Based on the Model Prediction, columnId=null, journalTitle=Automobile Technology, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To improve the lateral stability of vehicles on middle and low adhesion roads, a coordinated controller of Active Front Steering (AFS) and Direct Yaw-moment Control (DYC) based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) is constructed. The controller is composed of an upper decision-making layer and a lower executive layer. The upper layer is based on MPC to obtain the required additional yaw moment, and the lower one aims to correct the steering angles of front wheels or apply the wheel cylinder pressure by AFS and DYC. The effectiveness of the control strategies in Double Lane Change (DLC) scenarios is validated, which reveals that, with the road adhesion coefficient being 0.25, the vehicle slip angle and yaw rate are stabilized within -3.5°~3.5° and -16~16 (°)/s respectively, the longitudinal vehicle speed stabilized at roughly 88 km/h. With a road adhesion coefficient of 0.4, the relevant stability indices, including the longitudinal vehicle speed, vehicle slip angle and yaw rate, are significantly improved by the coordinative strategy. Analysis indicates that this AFS-DYC coordinated control strategy can significantly improve vehicle handling stability under medium and low adhesion coefficient condition.

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为提高中低附着系数路面下车辆的侧向稳定性,构建了基于模型预测控制(MPC)的主动前轮转向(AFS)及直接横摆力偶矩(DYC)协同控制器,其决策层基于MPC获取附加横摆力偶矩,执行层由AFS和DYC控制协同修正前轮转角或施加轮缸制动压力。在双移线(DLC)工况下仿真验证了该策略的有效性,结果表明:路面附着系数为0.25时,车身侧偏角和横摆角速度分别稳定于-3.5°~3.5°和-16~16 (°)/s内,纵向车速稳定于88 km/h左右;路面附着系数为0.40时,纵向车速、车身侧偏角与横摆角速度等稳定性指标均有明显改善。综合分析表明,该AFS-DYC协同控制策略可显著改善中低附着系数条件下的操纵稳定性。

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参数 取值 参数 取值
整车质量m/kg 1 230 整车轴距/m 2.6
横摆转动惯量
Iz/kg·m2
1 343.1 前轮侧偏刚度
/N·(°)-1
-623.88
质心与前轴距离
lf/m
1.04 后轮侧偏刚度
/N·(°)-1
-423.69
质心与后轴距离
lr/m
1.56 质心距地面高度
hg/m
0.54
前轴轮距Bf/m 1.480 车轮滚动半径re/m 0.3
后轴轮距Br/m 1.485 路面附着系数 0.25, 0.40
), ArticleFig(id=1204453290776965781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189621681917173762, articleId=1204385281467199924, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

车辆参数及道路条件

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 取值 参数 取值
整车质量m/kg 1 230 整车轴距/m 2.6
横摆转动惯量
Iz/kg·m2
1 343.1 前轮侧偏刚度
/N·(°)-1
-623.88
质心与前轴距离
lf/m
1.04 后轮侧偏刚度
/N·(°)-1
-423.69
质心与后轴距离
lr/m
1.56 质心距地面高度
hg/m
0.54
前轴轮距Bf/m 1.480 车轮滚动半径re/m 0.3
后轴轮距Br/m 1.485 路面附着系数 0.25, 0.40
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基于模型预测的主动前轮转向与直接横摆力偶矩协同控制研究
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李波 , 李双双 , 白艳飞 , 张国党 , 邵帅
汽车技术 | 2023,(1): 37-43
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汽车技术 | 2023, (1): 37-43
基于模型预测的主动前轮转向与直接横摆力偶矩协同控制研究
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李波, 李双双, 白艳飞, 张国党, 邵帅
作者信息
  • 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司,北京 100176
Research on the Coordinated Control of Active Front Steering and Direct Yaw-Moment Control Based on the Model Prediction
Bo Li, Shuangshuang Li, Yanfei Bai, Guodang Zhang, Shuai Shao
Affiliations
  • Beijing Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176
出版时间: 2023-01-24 doi: 10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20210775
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为提高中低附着系数路面下车辆的侧向稳定性,构建了基于模型预测控制(MPC)的主动前轮转向(AFS)及直接横摆力偶矩(DYC)协同控制器,其决策层基于MPC获取附加横摆力偶矩,执行层由AFS和DYC控制协同修正前轮转角或施加轮缸制动压力。在双移线(DLC)工况下仿真验证了该策略的有效性,结果表明:路面附着系数为0.25时,车身侧偏角和横摆角速度分别稳定于-3.5°~3.5°和-16~16 (°)/s内,纵向车速稳定于88 km/h左右;路面附着系数为0.40时,纵向车速、车身侧偏角与横摆角速度等稳定性指标均有明显改善。综合分析表明,该AFS-DYC协同控制策略可显著改善中低附着系数条件下的操纵稳定性。

汽车动力学  /  侧向稳定性  /  模型预测  /  协同控制

To improve the lateral stability of vehicles on middle and low adhesion roads, a coordinated controller of Active Front Steering (AFS) and Direct Yaw-moment Control (DYC) based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) is constructed. The controller is composed of an upper decision-making layer and a lower executive layer. The upper layer is based on MPC to obtain the required additional yaw moment, and the lower one aims to correct the steering angles of front wheels or apply the wheel cylinder pressure by AFS and DYC. The effectiveness of the control strategies in Double Lane Change (DLC) scenarios is validated, which reveals that, with the road adhesion coefficient being 0.25, the vehicle slip angle and yaw rate are stabilized within -3.5°~3.5° and -16~16 (°)/s respectively, the longitudinal vehicle speed stabilized at roughly 88 km/h. With a road adhesion coefficient of 0.4, the relevant stability indices, including the longitudinal vehicle speed, vehicle slip angle and yaw rate, are significantly improved by the coordinative strategy. Analysis indicates that this AFS-DYC coordinated control strategy can significantly improve vehicle handling stability under medium and low adhesion coefficient condition.

Vehicle dynamics  /  Lateral stability  /  Model-based prediction  /  Coordinated control
李波, 李双双, 白艳飞, 张国党, 邵帅. 基于模型预测的主动前轮转向与直接横摆力偶矩协同控制研究. 汽车技术, 2023 , (1) : 37 -43 . DOI: 10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20210775
Bo Li, Shuangshuang Li, Yanfei Bai, Guodang Zhang, Shuai Shao. Research on the Coordinated Control of Active Front Steering and Direct Yaw-Moment Control Based on the Model Prediction[J]. Automobile Technology, 2023 , (1) : 37 -43 . DOI: 10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20210775
车辆动力学控制作为汽车底盘智能安全系统的重要保障,是高速自动驾驶的研究难点[1-3]
Van Zanten等较早提出了直接横摆力偶矩控制 (Direct Yaw-moment Control,DYC)的概念[4]。而后,国内外学者围绕DYC扩稳理论及控制算法展开了大量研究。Li等将汽车动力学状态划分为稳定、欠稳定、失稳临界及失稳等集合,促进了扩稳理论的应用及发展[5]。常见DYC方法还包括模糊逻辑控制[6]及模型预测控制(Model Predictive Control,MPC)[7]等。Beal等‎采用MPC算法将车辆运动约束于稳定区域内,实现了有限人为干预下的车辆稳定性控制[8]。尽管DYC在临界失稳状态下具有较大干预潜能,但其会导致车辆部分动力性能暂时丧失。
除DYC外,主动前轮转向(Active Front Steering,AFS)亦能通过修正前轮转角改善操纵稳定性[9],其核心在于控制策略及算法设计,涉及反馈控制[10]、滑模控制(Sliding Mode Control,SMC)[11]、MPC[12]等方法。郭孔辉团队改进了线性时变MPC算法,仿真结果表明,改进算法可显著提高AFS横向动力学临界失稳阈值[13]。然而,当横向加速度过大、轮胎特性呈现较强的非线性特征时,AFS控制效能可能急剧恶化[14]
DYC及AFS协同进行车辆稳定性控制有望发挥最优的横向动力学控制性能[15]。学者对非光滑最优控制[16]、鲁棒模糊控制[17]等在AFS及DYC协同控制器设计中的应用展开了研究。但是所述控制算法无法预测车辆运动状态和进行超前干预控制,因而实用性较差[18]。MPC能滚动预测并优化系统未来状态,已应用于DYC、AFS、制动能量回收等领域,但将其用于DYC及AFS协同控制中的研究仍不够充分。
基于此,本文针对汽车横向动力学稳定性控制问题,设计包含决策层和执行层的控制系统。上层采用MPC方法获取预期附加横摆力偶矩,下层构建AFS与DYC协同控制策略对前轮转角及其制动压力进行分配。最后,通过仿真验证DYC-AFS协同控制算法在中低附着路面工况下的有效性。
选取质心作为车身坐标系原点,建立二自由度车辆模型如图1所示,其中OXY为大地参考系,Cxy为车辆参考系。
假设转向过程中质心处纵向车速vx基本不变,根据力与力矩平衡定律,有:
m ( v ˙ y + v x ω ) = F y f c o s δ f + F y r
I z ω ˙ = F y f l f c o s δ f + F y r l r
式中,mIz分别为整车整备质量和绕z轴转动惯量;lflr分别为质心与前、后轴的距离;δf为前轮转角;FyfFyr分别为地面对前、后轮的侧向作用力;vy为质心处横向车速;ω为横摆角速度。
设路面附着系数为μ,当δf较小且车辆质心处侧向加速度小于0.5 μg时,轮胎特性可近似认为处于线性区域[5],满足关系:
F y f = k f α f = k f β + ω l f v x - δ f F y r = k r α r = k r β - ω l r v x              
式中,kfkr分别为前、后轴侧偏刚度;αfαr分别为前、后轮侧偏角;β为车身侧偏角。
注意到侧向车速与车身侧偏角满足关系:
v ˙ y = β ˙ v x
由此可得车身侧偏角和横摆角速度的描述方程分别为:
β ˙ = k f + k r m v x β + k f l f - k r l r m v x 2 - 1 ω - k f m v x δ f
ω ˙ = k f l f - k r l r I z β + k f l f 2 + k r l r 2 I z v x ω - k f l f I z δ f
在侧向加速度较小时,利用稳态回转工况下横摆角速度响应公式,可近似得到车身侧偏角和横摆角速度:
β = l r + m l f v x 2 k r l 2 1 + K v x 2 δ f
ω = v x l 1 + K v x 2 δ f
式中,l=lf+lr为整车轴距;K=m(lf/kr-lr/kf)/l2为稳定性因子。
考虑路面附着情况及系统时滞,在线性稳定的动力学区域内,车身侧偏角名义值βn及横摆角速度名义值ωn分别满足[19]
β n = L - 1 1 T β s + 1 * s g n δ f m i n t a n - 1 2   μ g 100 , β
ω n = L - 1 1 T ω s + 1 * s g n δ f m i n μ g v x , ω
式中,TβTω均为惯性时间常数;L-1( )为反拉普拉斯 (Laplace)变换算子;s为复变量;*表示卷积运算。
经验证,在线性稳定的车辆动力学工况下,式(7)和式(8)的计算结果与27自由度车辆模型基本吻合,能较好地反映驾驶员输入所期望的整车动力学关键状态[19]
基于MPC算法设计AFS与DYC协同控制器用于汽车横向动力学稳定性控制的核心思想在于:根据转向盘或前轮转角输入,获取能使车辆保持动力学稳定性的期望运动状态作为参考状态;为保持当前状态车辆稳定,基于决策层MPC滚动优化得到所需附加横摆力偶矩,并输入执行层协调AFS及DYC子系统,进而修正前轮转角并分配各轮缸制动压力,实现修正整车横向动力学响应的目标。
控制系统决策层和执行层流程示意及各I/O接口参数或变量如图2所示。
研究对象的描述方程式(5)、式(6)可进一步改写为状态空间表达式:
β ˙ ω ˙ = k f + k r m v x k f l f - k r l r m v x 2 - 1 k f l f - k r l r I z k f l f 2 + k r l r 2 I z v x β ω + 0 1 I z Δ M + - k f m v x - k f l f I z δ f
式中,ΔM为附加横摆力偶矩。
选取状态变量为x=(β,ω)T,控制变量为uM,式(11)可简写为:
x ˙ = A t x + B t u + E t δ f
式中,AtBtEt分别为状态转移矩阵、控制矩阵和转角系数矩阵。
设参考状态变量为xr=(βr,ωr)Tβr为车身侧偏角参考值,ωr为横摆角速度参考值,参考控制变量为urMr及参考前轮转角δf,r=δf,其中ΔMr为参考附加横摆力偶矩,令状态偏差为 x ˜=x-xr,控制偏差为 u ˜=u-ur,则式(12)转化为:
x ˜ ˙ = A t x ˜ + B t u ˜
采用前向差分方法对式(13)离散化得:
x ˜ k + 1 = A k x ˜ (k) + B k u ˜ (k)
式中,Ak=I+TAt为离散状态矩阵;Bk=TBt为离散控制矩阵;T为采样时间间隔。
式(14)即为被控系统的状态预测方程。
设预测时域和控制时域分别为NpNc,则决策层MPC算法的优化目标代价函数定义为:
J k x ˜ k ; u ˜ (k) ; u ˜ ( k + 1 ) , , u ˜ ( k + N c - 1 ) = i = 1 N p x ˜ ( k + i ) T Q x ˜ ( k + i ) + j = 1 N c - 1 u ˜ ( k + j ) T R u ˜ ( k + j )
式中,QR分别为状态和控制变量的权系数矩阵。
假设NpNc,且AkBk均为常矩阵(即Ak=ABk=B),则在预测时域Np内有状态转移方程:
x ¯ ( k + 1 ) = A ¯ x ˜ (k) + B ¯ u ¯ (k)
式中, x ¯ ( k + 1 )   =     x ˜   ( k + i ) T     x ˜   ( k + N c ) T     x ˜   ( k + N c ) T   T u ¯ (k) = u ˜ (k) T     u ˜ ( k + 1 ) T         u ˜ ( k + N c - 1 ) T A ¯ = A T         A N c T         A N p T B ¯ = B 0 0 0 A B B 0 0 A N c - 1 B A N c - 2 B A B B A N c B A N c - 1 B A 2 B A B A N p - 1 B A N p - 2 B A N p - N c - 1 B A N p - N c B
由式(15)和式(16)化简得到优化问题:
J k u ¯ (k) = 1 2 u ¯ (k) T H u ¯ (k) + f (k) T u ¯ (k) T + d (k) s . t .   u ̑ m i n (k) - u ̑ r (k) u ¯ (k) u ̑ m a x (k) - u ̑ r (k)
式中, H = 2 ( B ¯ T Q ¯ B ¯ + R ¯ ) f (k) = 2 B ¯ T Q ¯ A ¯ x ˜ (k) d (k) = x ˜ (k) T A ¯ T Q ¯ A ¯ x ˜ (k) Q ¯ = d i a g ( Q , , Q ) R ¯ = d i a g ( R , , R ) u ̑ m i n (k) = u m i n (k) T ,     , u m i n ( k + N c - 1 ) T T u ̑ m a x (k) = u m a x (k) T ,     , u m a x ( k + N c - 1 ) T T u ̑ r (k) = u r (k) T , , u r ( k + N c - 1 ) T T
式中,uminumax分别为控制变量u的最小值和最大值。
求解上述MPC滚动优化问题即可获得期望附加横摆力偶矩ΔM,以用于执行层协同控制。
AFS和DYC均直接或间接地通过附加横摆力偶矩来控制车辆的行驶稳定性。AFS对前轮转角的修正仅能在小范围内进行,对横向稳定性的干预控制有限。处于临界失稳状态时,DYC应及时介入对各轮缸建压产生制动力,尽量维护车辆横摆动力学的稳定[14]
据此,定义动力学稳定性因数为:
ε = λ β - β r β r 2 + 1 - λ ω - ω r ω r 2
式中,λ为权重分配系数。
设由AFS过渡到DYC干预控制的阈值为εth:当εεth时,所需附加横摆力偶矩主要由AFS子系统执行层修正前轮转角产生;当ε>εth时,DYC对车辆横向稳定性控制起主导作用,以实现及时反馈干预。转向过程中,当AFS和DYC触发附加横摆力偶矩时,忽略轮胎侧偏角,地面对汽车各轮作用力如图3所示。
当决策层MPC求解得到附加横摆力偶矩ΔMεεth时,由图3可知力矩计算关系:
Δ M A F S = F y f l c o s δ f l + F y f r c o s δ f r l f - F y r l + F y r r l r
式中,FyflFyfrFyrlFyrr分别为左前、右前、左后、右后轮受到的地面作用力;δflδfr分别为左前、右前轮转角;ΔMAFS为需由AFS子系统提供的附加横摆力偶矩。
假设道路曲率较小时满足δfl=δfr=δf,AFS,且两侧前轮及后轮的侧偏角分别近似相等:
α f l = α f r = β + ω l f v x - δ f , A F S α r l = α f r = β - ω l r v x                      
式中,δf,AFS为AFS触发时的总前轮转角。
考虑侧向加速度不太大的情形,各轮胎侧向力为:
F y i j = k i j α i j
式中,i=f,r分别表示前、后轮,j=l,r分别表示左、右轮;kij为相应轮胎的侧偏刚度,忽略垂向载荷转移的影响;αij为相应轮胎的侧偏角。
由式(18)~式(21)可得总前轮转角:
δ f , A F S = k f l + k f r l f - k r l + k r r l r k f l + k f r l f β + k f l + k f r l f 2 + k r l + k r r l r 2 k f l + k f r l f ω - Δ M A F S k f l - k f r l f
则AFS对前轮转角的修正量为:
Δ δ f = δ f , A F S - δ f
ε>εth时,决策层MPC求解得到附加横摆力偶矩ΔM后,由图3可得:
Δ M D Y C = F b f l b f l + F b r l b r l - F b f r b f r - F b r r b r r
式中,FbflFbfrFbrlFbrr分别为由DYC引起的地面对各轮胎作用力;bflbfrbrlbrr分别为各地面作用力对车辆质心的力臂。
当所需ΔMDYC>0时,优先对左后轮施加制动力矩,力矩不足时再对左前轮施加额外制动力矩,左侧轮胎作用力分配关系满足:
h g l - 1 μ F b f l + h g l c o s δ f l F b r l = 0                                 B f 2 - l f t a n δ f l c o s δ f l F b f l + B r 2 F b r l = Δ M F b f r = F b r r = 0                                                                                              
式中,hg为车辆质心距地面高度;BfBr分别为车辆前、后轴的轮距。
类似地,当ΔMDYC<0时,右侧轮胎作用力分配关系满足:
h g l - 1 μ F b f r + h g l c o s δ f r F b r r = 0                                 B f 2 + l f t a n δ f r c o s δ f r F b f r + B r 2 F b r r = Δ M F b f l = F b r l = 0                                                                                              
各轮缸压力与地面制动力满足关系:
K b i j p i j = F b i j r e i j
式中,Kbij为相应车轮的制动力矩系数;pij为作用于相应车轮的制动压力;reij为相应车轮的滚动半径。
至此,得到轮缸压力。
采用CarSim与MATLAB/Simulink联合仿真方式验证本文基于MPC的AFS与DYC协调控制算法,验证工况选为典型的低附着双移线(Double Lane Change,DLC)工况。所选车辆参数及路面条件如表1所示,本文分别讨论路面附着系数为0.25和0.40时,车辆DLC工况下MPC策略对车辆动力学稳定性的控制效果。
图4给出了采用与未采用MPC策略时车辆侧向加速度的变化趋势(路面附着为0.25)。可以看出,车辆行驶前6 s内,2种工况下的车辆侧向加速度基本吻合;而在第9~15 s时间段内,侧向加速度最大值达到-6.07 m/s2,且最终未恢复至0附近,表明在DLC工况过程中车辆已失去横向稳定性。
图5图6分别给出了采用与未采用MPC策略时车身侧偏角及横摆角速度的变化趋势(路面附着系数为0.25)。未采用MPC策略时,与图4对比可以看出:在第3~6 s时间段内车身侧偏角已超过15°、横摆角速度已低至-27.6 (°)/s,车辆实际上已逐渐进入临界稳定状态;而在第6 s后,车身侧偏角及横摆角速度变化率均急剧增加,表明车辆已经完全丧失了操纵稳定性。采用MPC策略加以控制后,在整个行驶时间内,车身侧偏角和横摆角速度分别稳定在-3.5°~3.5°与-16~16 (°)/s范围内,DLC工况下车辆横向稳定性得到明显改善。
图7给出了采用与未采用MPC策略时车辆纵向速度的变化趋势(路面附着系数为0.25)。可以看出,未采用MPC策略时,在前6 s内,纵向车速由88 km/h缓慢降低而后急剧减小,尽管第10 s附近恢复至初始纵向车速的59.4%,但因为此时车身侧偏角和横摆角速度变化率过大,车辆已经丧失操纵稳定性,所以纵向车速骤降至0附近。采用MPC策略后,车辆纵向车速基本稳定于初始速度88 km/h附近,这表明该控制策略有助于提高车辆在DLC工况下的操纵稳定性。
图8图9分别给出了车辆纵向速度和侧向加速度、横摆角速度和车身侧偏角的对比曲线(路面附着系数为0.40)。由图8图9可见,未采用MPC策略时,车辆在DLC工况下约第5 s以后纵向速度出现衰减波动,约第6 s后加速度出现急剧波动,横摆角速度和车身侧偏角均出现了渐扩振荡,且随时间推移,振荡幅度进一步增大。采用MPC策略后,纵向车速可维持在90 km/h附近,侧向加速度可保持在0附近,车辆横摆角速度和车身侧偏角分别稳定于-25~25 (°)/s和-2.5°~2.5°范围内,侧向稳定性得到明显改善。
图10给出了车辆行驶轨迹的对比曲线(路面附着系数为0.40)。可以看出,采用MPC策略后,车辆在纵向距离100 m和155 m附近的侧向偏差分别减少37.5%和41.8%,实际行驶路径基本符合期望轨迹,表明该协同控制策略可明显改善车辆的动力学稳定性。
本文针对车辆侧向动力学稳定性控制问题,构建了基于MPC的双层AFS与DYC协同控制器,决策层采用MPC算法优化获得附加横摆力偶矩,执行层根据所优化的横摆力偶矩,采用AFS与DYC协调控制分配前轮附加转角或各轮缸制动压力,最后基于CarSim和MATLAB/Simulink联合仿真验证了该协同控制器在路面附着系数为0.25及0.40条件下的控制效果。
结果表明:在中低附着系数路面条件下,与无控制时对比,基于MPC的AFS-DYC双层协调控制器可有效保持车辆DLC工况下纵向车速不降低,并将车身侧偏角和横摆角速度抑制于稳定行驶范围内,进而减小行驶轨迹的横向偏差,因此该控制器可显著改善车辆操纵稳定性,明显提升横向动力学稳定性,最终抑制车辆由临界失稳态进入不可控的失稳态。
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doi: 10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20210775
  • 首发时间:2025-12-07
  • 出版时间:2023-01-24
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  • 修回日期:2022-01-13
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