Article(id=1189855423470572454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189621681917173762, issueId=1190221821581558285, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20250146, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=1744560000000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-14, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1761613239400, onlineDateStr=2025-10-28, pubDate=1755964800000, pubDateStr=2025-08-24, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1761613239400, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1761613239400, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761613239400, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1190221821581558285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189621681917173762, year='2025', volume='', issue='8', pageStart='1', pageEnd='62', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1761700595516, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761700595516, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null}, startPage=41, endPage=48, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1189855423726425001, articleId=1189855423470572454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189621681917173762, language=EN, title=The Correlation between Full-Touch Screen Infotainment System Response Speed and Car-Following Safety Risk, columnId=null, journalTitle=Automobile Technology, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To investigate the impact of full-touch screen infotainment system response speed on car-following safety, this paper conducts human-machine interaction experiments using real car-following videos in an in-vehicle cockpit simulator. Data are collected from 25 participants under 2 vehicle speeds and 3 response speed conditions during both static and dynamic car-following scenarios. The visual distraction data are analyzed to reveal correlations between system response speed and car-following safety risks. Results demonstrate that as response time increases from 0 to 800 ms, the Total Time Spent on Screen (TTS), Glance-to-Screen Count (GSC), and Single Operation Time (SOT) exhibit nonlinear gradually growth with decelerating rates. Specifically, at 80 km/h, when response time increases from 0 to 400 ms, the TTS, GSC, and SOT increase by 17.83%, 19.74%, and 28.72% respectively, while the smaller increments of 10.97%, 12.89%, and 18.06%. When preceding vehicles braked at a 3 s time headway, the minimum following distance decreases by 14.5 m (80 km/h) and 12.78 m (100 km/h) as response time extends from 0 to 800 ms. Simulation results across 3 time headway levels confirm that slower system response significantly increases both collision probability and severity. These findings provide theoretical foundations for designing safer full-touch HMI systems, highlighting the critical role of optimizing response speed in mitigating driving risks.

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宋京妮(1990—),讲师,主要研究方向为交通运输规划与管理,
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设备 型号 作用 安装位置
高清运动
相机
DJI Pocket2灵眸口袋云台相机 录制驾驶人视觉特性 转向盘上方
GoPro HERO10 Black 录制驾驶人操作特性及道路情况 车顶天窗
玻璃
行车记录仪 MiVue 786 录制驾驶人脚部操作特性 主驾车门旁
平板电脑 小米Pad 5 Pro 充当车机并对响应速度进行控制 车机系统
正前方
补光灯 补光、多路视觉数据同步 中央扶手箱
), ArticleFig(id=1190222209504347070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189621681917173762, articleId=1189855423470572454, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

试验设备相关信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
设备 型号 作用 安装位置
高清运动
相机
DJI Pocket2灵眸口袋云台相机 录制驾驶人视觉特性 转向盘上方
GoPro HERO10 Black 录制驾驶人操作特性及道路情况 车顶天窗
玻璃
行车记录仪 MiVue 786 录制驾驶人脚部操作特性 主驾车门旁
平板电脑 小米Pad 5 Pro 充当车机并对响应速度进行控制 车机系统
正前方
补光灯 补光、多路视觉数据同步 中央扶手箱
), ArticleFig(id=1190222209571455935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189621681917173762, articleId=1189855423470572454, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
车速/km∙h-1 tr0/s
tR=0 ms tR=400 ms tR=800 ms
80 0.64 1.02 1.31
100 0.66 0.75 1.12
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视觉分心恢复时间

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车速/km∙h-1 tr0/s
tR=0 ms tR=400 ms tR=800 ms
80 0.64 1.02 1.31
100 0.66 0.75 1.12
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全触屏车机响应速度与跟车安全风险关联特性*
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王畅 1 , 刘浩森 1 , 宋京妮 2
汽车技术 | 2025,(8): 41-48
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汽车技术 | 2025, (8): 41-48
全触屏车机响应速度与跟车安全风险关联特性*
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王畅1, 刘浩森1, 宋京妮2
作者信息
  • 1 长安大学汽车学院, 西安 710064
  • 2 长安大学运输工程学院, 西安 710064

通讯作者:

宋京妮(1990—),讲师,主要研究方向为交通运输规划与管理,
The Correlation between Full-Touch Screen Infotainment System Response Speed and Car-Following Safety Risk
Chang Wang1, Haosen Liu1, Jingni Song2
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Automobile, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064
  • 2 School of Transportation Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064
出版时间: 2025-08-24 doi: 10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20250146
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为了探究全触屏车机系统响应速度对跟车安全的影响,在实车座舱模拟器中以真实跟车视频开展人机交互试验,采集25名被试在静态环境和动态跟车过程中2种车速、3种响应速度组合情况下的交互数据。根据人机交互过程的视觉分心数据,分析车机响应速度与跟车安全风险间的关联特性。结果表明:响应时间在0~800 ms,注视屏幕总时间、扫视次数、单次操作时间呈现增速逐渐放缓的非线性增长趋势;在80 km/h工况下,响应时间在0~400 ms,注视屏幕总时间、扫视次数、单次操作时间分别增加17.83%、19.74%和28.72%;在400~800 ms对应指标分别增加10.97%、12.89%和18.06%;车头时距为3 s时前车制动,响应时间0~800 ms中,两车最小间距减少14.5 m(80 km/h)、12.78 m(100 km/h);3种不同等级跟车时距仿真测试中,车机响应速度降低可显著提升追尾事故风险及事故严重程度。
全触屏车机  /  响应速度  /  跟车  /  模拟驾驶  /  人机交互

To investigate the impact of full-touch screen infotainment system response speed on car-following safety, this paper conducts human-machine interaction experiments using real car-following videos in an in-vehicle cockpit simulator. Data are collected from 25 participants under 2 vehicle speeds and 3 response speed conditions during both static and dynamic car-following scenarios. The visual distraction data are analyzed to reveal correlations between system response speed and car-following safety risks. Results demonstrate that as response time increases from 0 to 800 ms, the Total Time Spent on Screen (TTS), Glance-to-Screen Count (GSC), and Single Operation Time (SOT) exhibit nonlinear gradually growth with decelerating rates. Specifically, at 80 km/h, when response time increases from 0 to 400 ms, the TTS, GSC, and SOT increase by 17.83%, 19.74%, and 28.72% respectively, while the smaller increments of 10.97%, 12.89%, and 18.06%. When preceding vehicles braked at a 3 s time headway, the minimum following distance decreases by 14.5 m (80 km/h) and 12.78 m (100 km/h) as response time extends from 0 to 800 ms. Simulation results across 3 time headway levels confirm that slower system response significantly increases both collision probability and severity. These findings provide theoretical foundations for designing safer full-touch HMI systems, highlighting the critical role of optimizing response speed in mitigating driving risks.

Full-touch screen infotainment system  /  Response speed  /  Car-following  /  Driving simulation  /  Human Machine Interaction (HMI)
王畅, 刘浩森, 宋京妮. 全触屏车机响应速度与跟车安全风险关联特性*. 汽车技术, 2025 , (8) : 41 -48 . DOI: 10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20250146
Chang Wang, Haosen Liu, Jingni Song. The Correlation between Full-Touch Screen Infotainment System Response Speed and Car-Following Safety Risk[J]. Automobile Technology, 2025 , (8) : 41 -48 . DOI: 10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20250146
随着汽车工业的快速发展,全触屏人机界面(Human Machine Interface,HMI)已成为车辆智能化的重要组成部分,其交互设计需求也从单一驾驶情景向多情景转变[1]。然而,全触屏HMI会占用驾驶人的视觉资源而存在分心隐患,同时,车机系统响应延迟极易影响驾驶人的判断和操作,增加跟车安全风险。
目前,对驾驶人分心行为客观评价方法主要为生理参数评价法、驾驶绩效评级法和驾驶行为评价法[2]。关于分心驾驶的安全影响,Klauer等[3]认为分心行为导致事故风险显著增加,但未考虑不同分心类型的风险差异。在后续研究中发现,视觉分心是最常见且最容易引发交通事故的驾驶分心类型[4-5]。Yannis等[6]通过对比分心驾驶与正常驾驶对事故发生频率的影响,发现驾驶人将注意力从道路转移至执行其他任务时,事故发生的概率高出8.3倍。Wang等[7]通过眼动试验揭示视觉分心的作用机制,缩短驾驶人注视道路时长,对道路前方区域的注视频次也相应降低。
现阶段分心驾驶对车辆控制能力的影响研究较多,Zhong等[8]通过驾驶模拟器执行次任务时,车辆的控制能力下降。Li等[9]模拟使用免提电话与手持电话对驾驶性能产生的影响,会对避免追尾碰撞时造成障碍,进一步说明驾驶能力下降主要源于认知功能的减弱。Wang等[10]基于实车试验发现,与正常驾驶相比,视觉分心增加了转向盘回转率、角速度标准差,但降低了驾驶人的车道保持能力。Harbluk等[11]分析了驾驶人在视觉分心情况下的跟车行为,当前车采取制动时,对比正常驾驶情况下的反应,视觉分心时紧急制动次数显著增加。
车机应用面临性能不足、网络不稳定等问题,直接影响系统的响应速度和人机交互体验[12]。而跟车行为为常见的驾驶场景,分心驾驶对该场景的影响亟需引起足够重视。因此,本文通过实车座舱驾驶模拟器进行仿真试验,采集全触屏HMI交互方式在2种车速、3种不同响应速度下执行次任务数据,分析跟车过程中,驾驶人驾驶行为与车机系统响应速度的关系,并探究交互过程中对跟车安全风险的影响。
为了保证数据的多样性和试验结果的可靠性,试验招募了25名被试者,由20名男性和5名女性组成。所有被试者均持有C1及以上有效机动车驾驶证,且近3年内未发生交通事故。
试验要求被试者在实车座舱驾驶模拟器中,跟随前视环屏显示系统播放的实景素材的前车行驶,如图1所示。该试验平台主要包括6自由度平台、实车、前视环屏显示系统及座舱系统等,具有良好的驾驶沉浸感。
为了获得所需的驾驶行为数据,试验采集设备参数如表1所示,其中,2个高清运动相机的安装位置见图2
试验中,前视环屏显示系统的视频素材取自某高速公路,该试验道路为双向八车道,全长16.76 km,限速120 km/h,道路条件良好且主要为平直路段,拍摄时天气适宜,能见度正常。在该路段完成80 km/h和100 km/h的跟车视频素材拍摄,道路场景如图3所示。
为了保证试验真实性,实车座舱驾驶模拟器的仪表盘与真实车辆一致,驾驶人可通过仪表盘实时监控车辆速度,确保视频录像的播放速度与试验车速保持同步,使驾驶人处于速度闭环控制状态,增加纵向风险感知的真实感受。
试验前,由驾驶人填写调查问卷,对驾驶人进行培训,使其熟悉试验环境及操作;试验时,由副驾驶位置的试验员向被试者发出次任务指令,在此之前被试者的视线应注视道路前方,双手握住转向盘;次任务完成后,被试者等待试验员发出下一个次任务的指令,以每种响应速度的2个次任务为一组。为了避免偶然因素的影响,被试者需在2种车速下,分别进行5次试验。
本文使用Java语言编写应用程序,安装于小米Pad 5 Pro平板,通过设置响应时间实现车机系统响应速度的控制,分析全触屏车机响应速度对跟车安全风险的影响,3种典型响应时间分别为:
a. 快速响应:点击指令时不设置延迟,模拟车机快速响应工况,操作无延迟,点击屏幕立即响应。
b. 中等响应:点击指令的执行延迟时间设置为400 ms,模拟因芯片处理速度低、网络延时状态等导致车机系统存在一定延迟。
c. 缓慢响应:点击指令执行延迟时间设置为800 ms,模拟车机系统存在较大延迟。
为了准确地评价车机系统的响应速度,选取驾驶活动中使用频率最高的开空调和调整风量2种次任务,应用程序控制界面如图4所示。其中,开空调次任务要求被试者执行7步操作,包括打开空调面板并连续按压温度降低键6次,将温度设置为18 ℃;调整风量次任务要求被试者执行3步操作,包括打开风挡面板并连续2次按压风量增加按键,将出风量提升两挡。
不同响应速度下执行次任务的驾驶行为存在差异,为了分析响应速度对交互绩效的影响,选取以下视觉和操作资源指标:
a. 注视屏幕总时间(Total Time spent on Screen,TTS):每次执行次任务时,驾驶人视线离开路面的总时长。
b. 扫视次数(Glance-to-Screen Count,GSC):驾驶人在执行次任务时,视线离开路面转移至车机屏幕的次数。
c. 眼睛离开路面时间(Eye Off Road Time,EORT):驾驶人视线离开道路与再次注视道路的时间间隔。
d. 单次操作时间(Single Operation Time,SOT):次任务要求驾驶人右手离开转向盘的总时长。
3种响应速度下,完成次任务的注视屏幕总时间分布情况如图5所示。
图5可知,车机响应时间从0 ms增至800 ms,注视屏幕总时间呈非线性增长。在80 km/h工况中,响应时间在0~400 ms阶段,TTS增加17.83%;400~800 ms阶段,增加10.97%。在100 km/h工况中,相应阶段TTS分别增加17.17%与10.35%。
在对开空调和调风量(样本量n=300)的次任务中,对TTS进行独立样本T检验,结果表明:复杂次任务和简单次任务对TTS的影响有显著性差异(显著性水平p<0.01),且复杂次任务开空调的TTS(均值M=4.68,标准差Ds=1.46)显著高于简单次任务调风量的TTS(M=3.37,Ds=0.90)。
随着车速增加,TTS的波动幅度增大,在80 km/h、100 km/h速度下,对TTS进行独立样本T检验,数据表明:不同车速间,TTS不存在显著性差异(p=0.874>0.05)。
试验中,次任务所需的响应时间并未直接计入注视屏幕总时间。以80 km/h速度进行的开空调任务为例(共需进行7次操作),对于400 ms响应时间与0 ms响应时间,TTS的均值差异为690 ms。这意味着总响应时间为2 800 ms,而75.36%的时间,驾驶人仍保持注视路面,等待车机系统的响应。
3种响应速度下,完成次任务的扫视次数分布情况如图6所示。
图6可知,随着车机响应时间从0 ms增至800 ms,扫视次数呈非线性增长。在80 km/h工况中,响应时间在0~400 ms阶段和400~800 ms阶段,GSC分别增加19.74%、12.89%。在100 km/h工况中,对应阶段GSC分别增加18.23%与7.02%。
在开空调和调风量(n=300)的次任务中,对GSC进行独立样本T检验,结果表明:复杂次任务开空调的GSC(M=3.62,Ds=0.94)显著高于(p<0.001)简单次任务调风量的GSC(M=2.41,Ds=0.72)。
在开空调次任务中,由于车速增加,执行复杂次任务的危险性提高,车机系统的响应时间令操作结果的不确定性增加。受驾驶人习惯影响,每个驾驶人验证操作是否成功时,所需的操作次数也存在差异,所以GSC的波动幅度逐渐增大。
3种响应速度下,完成次任务的眼睛离开路面时间分布情况如图7所示。其中,图7b为随机选择10名被试者分析EROT分布情况。
图7可知,随着车机系统响应时间增加(0~800 ms),眼睛离开路面时间EORT没有明显变化趋势,体现出一定的偶然性。不同驾驶人单次离开路面时长存在明显差异,以80 km/h时开空调次任务为例,驾驶习惯直接影响视线单次离开路面时间,不同驾驶人呈现出显著的个体差异。
3种响应速度下,完成次任务的单次操作时间分布情况如图8所示。
图8可知,随着车机响应时间从0 ms增至800 ms,单次操作时间SOT呈非线性增长。在静止工况中,响应时间在0~400 ms阶段和400~800 ms阶段,SOT分别增加28.72%和18.06%。在80 km/h工况中,对应阶段SOT分别增加21.3%、12.91%。在100 km/h工况中,对应阶段SOT分别增加28.56%、9.95%。
在开空调和调风量(n=525)的次任务中,对SOT进行独立样本T检验,结果表明:复杂次任务开空调的SOT(M=5.94,Ds=2.09)显著高于(p<0.001)简单次任务调风量的SOT(M=4.16,Ds=1.48)。
对3种车速下执行不同响应速度次任务,对SOT进行单因素方差分析,结果表明:0 km/h(M=4.19,Ds=1.36)、80 km/h(M=5.55,Ds=2.02)和100 km/h(M=5.8,Ds=2.34)下的SOT存在显著差异(方差分析统计量F=18.697,p<0.01);随着车速的提升,在较高车速条件下,驾驶人执行车辆控制和次任务操作的负荷增大,所以SOT不断增加。
根据自然驾驶数据统计,当道路前方出现危险时,驾驶人更倾向于以制动方式进行危险避让[13]。该过程可简化为3个关键阶段:制动反应阶段、制动器作用阶段、制动持续阶段。
为了探究车机响应速度与跟车安全风险关联特性,本文选用上述碰撞避让行为模型,采用Simulink仿真进行纵向追尾风险模拟试验。具体过程为:当自车驾驶人因操作车机系统处于视觉分心状态时,前车突然实施制动,驾驶人需将视线转回前方道路并识别危险后采取制动措施。假设整个过程自车与前车均需制动后静止,对试验跟车过程中前、后两车运动状态进行建模分析。
假设前车制动前的速度为vl,制动减速度为al,前车制动所需时间为tlt时刻前车的行驶距离为:
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{D}_{l}\left(t\right)={\int }_{0}^{t}\left({v}_{l}-{a}_{l}t\right)dt,    t{t}_{l}\\ {t}_{l}=\frac{{v}_{l}}{{a}_{l}}\end{array}\right.$
制动反应阶段表示从前车的制动灯亮起,到后车驾驶人刚踩下制动踏板的瞬间[14]。假定该阶段速度保持不变,则车辆的行驶距离为:
${D}_{{t}_{r}}\left(t\right)=t\times {v}_{f},    t\le {t}_{r}$
式中:vf为自车的初速度,tr为制动反应时间。
由于驾驶人在跟车过程中需要注视车机屏幕,在不同响应速度下执行任务,制动反应时间包括:
a. 视觉分心恢复时间tr0:当自车驾驶人处于驾驶分心状态时,从前车开始制动的瞬间,到驾驶人单次视觉分心结束,驾驶人视线从车机屏幕移回道路前方所需时间。
b. 驾驶人反应时间${t}_{r}^{\text{'}}$:驾驶人从看到前车制动灯亮起,到开始踩下制动踏板所需时间[15]
因此,驾驶人所需制动反映时间为${t}_{r}={t}_{r0}+{t}_{r}^{\text{'}}$,其中,驾驶人反映时间范围常为0.3~1.0 s,本文使用${t}_{r}^{\text{'}}=1.0 s$
制动器作用阶段是指驾驶人开始踩下制动踏板,直至制动器的制动力达到最大值amax,该阶段车辆的减速度呈线性增加,则自车的行驶距离为:
${D}_{{t}_{1}}\left(t\right)={\int }_{0}^{t}({v}_{f}-\frac{{a}_{max}}{2{t}_{1}}{t}^{2})dt,    t\le {t}_{1}$
式中:t1为制动器作用时间。
根据GB 7258—2017《机动车运行安全技术条件》[16]规定,本文将制动器作用时间设置为t1=0.33 s。
在制动持续阶段,车辆始终以最大减速度制动,该阶段自车的行驶距离为:
${D}_{{t}_{2}}\left(t\right)={v}_{{t}_{1}}\left({t}_{1}\right)\bullet t-\frac{{a}_{max}}{2}{t}^{2},    t\le {t}_{2}$
式中:t2为制动持续时间。
鉴于视觉分心恢复时间分布受个人驾驶行为影响,因此,使用驾驶风格相近的被试者,通过观察不同响应时间tR内被试者的视觉分心恢复时间,进行后续跟车安全风险评估,如表2所示。
车头时距(Time Headway,TH)为自车与前车间的时间间隔,本文将THW分别设置为1.0 s、2.0 s和3.0 s,以划分3个风险等级的初始跟车距离。因此,在初始跟车距离为D时,整个过程中前、后两车的距离为:
$D\left(t\right)=D+{D}_{l}\left(t\right)-{D}_{{t}_{r}}\left(t\right)-{D}_{{t}_{1}}\left(t\right)-{D}_{{t}_{2}}\left(t\right)$
在跟车过程中,当前车制动引发追尾风险时,自车采取2种制动行为,减速度分别为5 m/s2和8 m/s2,分析车机响应时间对制动距离的影响,结果如图9~图11所示。
图9~图11的仿真结果中,曲线与黑色实线相交表示跟车过程发生了追尾事故。2种制动过程中,两车最小间距相等,所以在这两种制动过程中均有:
a. 车头时距为1.0 s的跟车过程中均发生了追尾事故,并且随着响应时间增加,追尾安全风险随之增加。在80 km/h工况下,响应时间0~400 ms阶段,两车最小间距(负值)减少45.67%;400~800 ms阶段,该值减少24.47%。在100 km/h工况下,对应阶段两车最小间距(负值)分别减少10.45%、41.54%。
b. 车头时距为2.0 s的跟车过程中,响应速度增加易造成追尾事故发生。80 km/h工况下,无响应时间避免了追尾事故,此时两车最小间距为4.3 m;响应时间为400 ms时,两车最小间距为-3.9 m,造成追尾事故发生;跟车速度为100 km/h时,只有响应时间为800 ms的情况下发生了追尾事故,此时两车最小间距为-7.7 m。
c. 车头时距为3.0 s的跟车过程中均未发生追尾事故,但响应时间从0 s增加至800 ms,两车最小间距减少14.5 m(80 km/h)、12.78 m(100 km/h)。
因此,响应时间直接影响追尾事故的发生,尤其在车头时距较短时,延迟响应将显著增加追尾风险。
对比不同减速度的制动过程,制动减速度8 m/s2比5 m/s2平均早1.7 s(80 km/h)、2.1 s(100 km/h)达到最小跟车距离,且制动减速度越大,车辆越早到达最小跟车距离,使驾驶人观察、决策和执行换道避让操作的反应时间缩短而增加事故风险。
本文以跟车距离为0时,后车相对前车的瞬时速度评估追尾严重程度,即图中曲线与直线D=0相交处的斜率。在跟车时距为1.0 s场景中,制动减速度从5 m/s2提升至8 m/s2,使相对速度增加59.4%;在跟车时距为2.0 s场景中,同等减速度增幅下,相对速度仅上升27.8%。当车速较高且减速度较大时,追尾事故的严重程度显著增加,而车头时距较短时,此类影响会进一步放大。
为了验证车机响应速度对跟车安全风险影响,以半实车试验的跟车时距3.0 s、车速80 km/h的试验数据为基线,探究不同屏幕响应速度引起的跟车安全风险特性。其中,视觉分心恢复时间、驾驶人制动踏板操作行均为真实试验数据,因自车与前车碰撞风险问题未开展真实交互,仅进行跟车安全风险分析。选取3组不同风险感知能力的典型被试者,结果如图12所示。
图12可知,响应时间由0~400 ms阶段,3组被试者的两车最小间距分别缩短7.27 m、3.33 m和5.21 m;400~800 ms阶段,该值缩短8.97 m、12.58 m和8.49 m。同时,相较于5 m/s²减速条件下,8 m/s²减速情况的最小跟车距离分别提前1.67 s、1.60 s和1.56 s出现。结果表明:响应时间延长、制动减速度增大均会增加追尾风险(p<0.01),从而验证了仿真结果的可靠性。
本文开展跟车过程车机交互试验,从驾驶分心角度,分析全触屏HMI不同响应速度下执行次任务时的交互绩效,并基于此进行了跟车安全风险分析,不仅有助于减少因全触屏HMI延迟带来的跟车安全风险,还能为更安全、高效的车载系统技术发展提供理论支持。
后续考虑围绕更多实际驾驶场景开展试验,丰富试验内容,进一步探究驾驶人驾驶风格对全触屏车机响应速度与跟车安全风险关联特性。
  • *陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024CY2-GJHX-87)
  • 长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(300102224501)
  • 长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(300102224302)
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doi: 10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20250146
  • 首发时间:2025-10-28
  • 出版时间:2025-08-24
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  • 修回日期:2025-04-14
基金
*陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024CY2-GJHX-87)
长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(300102224501)
长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(300102224302)
作者信息
    1 长安大学汽车学院, 西安 710064
    2 长安大学运输工程学院, 西安 710064

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宋京妮(1990—),讲师,主要研究方向为交通运输规划与管理,
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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