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Article(id=1200066404671123952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, issueId=1200066401735115187, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20104/j.cnki.1674-6546.20230064, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=1679673600000, revisedDateStr=2023-03-25, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764047727029, onlineDateStr=2025-11-25, pubDate=1694707200000, pubDateStr=2023-09-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764047727029, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764047727029, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764047727029, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1200066401735115187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, year='2023', volume='', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='48', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764047726329, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764048200800, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200068391902999388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, issueId=1200066401735115187, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200068391902999389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, issueId=1200066401735115187, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=45, endPage=48, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1200066405019251225, articleId=1200066404671123952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, language=EN, title=Study on the Influence of Intake Temperature and Road Conditions on Vehicle NOx Emission, columnId=null, journalTitle=Automotive Engineer, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to effectively control vehicle NOx emission, this paper studied vehicle NOx emission from the perspective of intake temperature and road conditions with the single factor variable method and obtained the influence rule of different factors on vehicle NOx emission. The results show that with the intake temperature increasing by 10 ℃, the original NOx emission concentration increases by about 5% and the tail gas emission concentration increases by 19%~44%. The influence range of different road conditions on NOx emission shows great difference.

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为有效控制整车NOx排放量，利用单因素变量法，从进气温度、道路工况角度对整车NOx排放量进行研究，从而得到不同因素对整车NOx排放量的影响规律，结果表明：进气温度每升高10 ℃，NOx原始排放浓度约增大5%，尾气排放浓度增大19%~44%；不同道路工况对NOx排放量的影响差异较大。

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China Environmental Science, 2022, 42(11): 5063-5071., articleTitle=Low Load Running Characteristics and NOx Emission under Low Load for Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200066417249841448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, articleId=1200066404671123952, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=31, issue=6, pageStart=354, pageEnd=360, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=石翠翠, 刘媛华, journalName=计算机系统应用, refType=null, unstructuredReference=石翠翠, 刘媛华. 基于组合模型的燃气轮机NOx排放影响因素研究[J]. 计算机系统应用, 2022, 31(6): 354-360., articleTitle=基于组合模型的燃气轮机NOx排放影响因素研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200066417405030700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, articleId=1200066404671123952, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=31, issue=6, pageStart=354, pageEnd=360, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=9, authorNames=SHI C C, LIU Y H, journalName=Computer Systems & Applications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHI C C, LIU Y H. 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配置 参数
车型 N3牵引车
整备质量/kg 8 800
满载质量/kg 49 000
后桥速比 2.846
变速器型号 12JSD200T
), ArticleFig(id=1200066414175416478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, articleId=1200066404671123952, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

整车配置参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
配置 参数
车型 N3牵引车
整备质量/kg 8 800
满载质量/kg 49 000
后桥速比 2.846
变速器型号 12JSD200T
), ArticleFig(id=1200066414334800042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, articleId=1200066404671123952, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称 型号 制造商
五轴动力总成 3150 AVL
气体分析仪 GAS492 AVL
尾气流量计 EFM495 AVL
分析仪电脑 Concerto AVL
数据工具 ES582 ETAS
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试验仪器

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称 型号 制造商
五轴动力总成 3150 AVL
气体分析仪 GAS492 AVL
尾气流量计 EFM495 AVL
分析仪电脑 Concerto AVL
数据工具 ES582 ETAS
), ArticleFig(id=1200066414716481726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, articleId=1200066404671123952, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
道路路谱 第90百分位NOx功基窗口比排放g/(kW·h)-1 与基准路谱的
比值
潍坊1-N3 0.117 1.00
潍坊2-N3 0.181 1.55
重庆1-N3 0.241 2.06
重庆2-N2 0.311 2.66
北京1-N3 0.216 1.85
西宁1-N3 0.201 1.72
西宁2-N2 0.182 1.56
格尔木1-N3 0.103 0.88
海拉尔1-N3 0.214 1.83
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不同路谱NOx排放结果

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道路路谱 第90百分位NOx功基窗口比排放g/(kW·h)-1 与基准路谱的
比值
潍坊1-N3 0.117 1.00
潍坊2-N3 0.181 1.55
重庆1-N3 0.241 2.06
重庆2-N2 0.311 2.66
北京1-N3 0.216 1.85
西宁1-N3 0.201 1.72
西宁2-N2 0.182 1.56
格尔木1-N3 0.103 0.88
海拉尔1-N3 0.214 1.83
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进气温度和道路工况对整车NOx排放的影响研究
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李建东 1, 2 , 史祥东 1, 2 , 甄雷 1, 2 , 刘翰 1, 2 , 刘志文 1, 2
汽车工程师 | 2023,(9): 45-48
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汽车工程师 | 2023, (9): 45-48
进气温度和道路工况对整车NOx排放的影响研究
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李建东1, 2, 史祥东1, 2, 甄雷1, 2, 刘翰1, 2, 刘志文1, 2
作者信息
  • 1 内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室， 潍坊 261061
  • 2 潍柴动力股份有限公司， 潍坊 261061
Study on the Influence of Intake Temperature and Road Conditions on Vehicle NOx Emission
Jiandong Li1, 2, Xiangdong Shi1, 2, Lei Zhen1, 2, Han Liu1, 2, Zhiwen Liu1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1 State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability, Weifang 261061
  • 2 Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061
出版时间: 2023-09-15 doi: 10.20104/j.cnki.1674-6546.20230064
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摘要
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为有效控制整车NOx排放量，利用单因素变量法，从进气温度、道路工况角度对整车NOx排放量进行研究，从而得到不同因素对整车NOx排放量的影响规律，结果表明：进气温度每升高10 ℃，NOx原始排放浓度约增大5%，尾气排放浓度增大19%~44%；不同道路工况对NOx排放量的影响差异较大。

进气温度  /  道路工况  /  NOx排放

In order to effectively control vehicle NOx emission, this paper studied vehicle NOx emission from the perspective of intake temperature and road conditions with the single factor variable method and obtained the influence rule of different factors on vehicle NOx emission. The results show that with the intake temperature increasing by 10 ℃, the original NOx emission concentration increases by about 5% and the tail gas emission concentration increases by 19%~44%. The influence range of different road conditions on NOx emission shows great difference.

Intake temperature  /  Road condition  /  NOx emission
李建东, 史祥东, 甄雷, 刘翰, 刘志文. 进气温度和道路工况对整车NOx排放的影响研究. 汽车工程师, 2023 , (9) : 45 -48 . DOI: 10.20104/j.cnki.1674-6546.20230064
Jiandong Li, Xiangdong Shi, Lei Zhen, Han Liu, Zhiwen Liu. Study on the Influence of Intake Temperature and Road Conditions on Vehicle NOx Emission[J]. Automotive Engineer, 2023 , (9) : 45 -48 . DOI: 10.20104/j.cnki.1674-6546.20230064
正文
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1 前言
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GB 17691—2018《重型柴油车污染物排放限值及测量方法（中国第六阶段）》[1]规定了整车车载尾气检测系统（Portable Emission Measurement System，PEMS）测试的载荷、环境温度、车速、海拔等影响因素。宋子钰等[2]研究了海拔和环境温度变化对汽车NOx排放量的影响；张凡等[3]研究了进气温度和湿度对汽车NOx排放量的影响；汪晓伟等[4]研究了低载荷对汽车NOx排放量的影响规律；石翠翠等[5]基于组合模型研究了NOx排放量的影响因素；刘刚等[6]开展了重型商用车的排放分析，提出了满足GB 17691—2018标准规定的各种道路路谱组合；李建东等[7]分析了牵引车载荷对NOx排放量的影响，重点研究了NOx排放浓度随载荷的变化规律。在众多NOx排放量影响因素研究中，针对道路工况这一影响因素的研究较少。不同的道路工况会导致排气温度、驾驶行为、海拔等多种参数差异，而这些参数的不同会直接影响排放，因此道路工况是影响整车PEMS测试结果的最复杂的一种因素。同时，满足GB 17691—2018要求的实际道路工况千差万别。为保证柴油机的NOx排放量在符合标准要求的不同道路工况下均可满足排放要求，需要找到能够包含所有NOx排放风险点的工况并进行反复验证。
本文首先针对同一道路工况在不同进气温度下进行研究，分析进气温度对NOx排放量的影响，并对不同道路工况下NOx排放量的差异进行研究，分析最恶劣道路工况与普通工况的差异，从而评价不同道路工况下的真实NOx排放水平。
2 试验装置及方案
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为控制单一变量，利用五轴动力总成台架在不同进气温度和道路工况条件下进行整车NOx排放研究。进行动力总成试验前，首先在不同道路上进行PEMS试验，选取其中一种路谱，控制其他影响因素相同，通过改变循环水流量来改变进气温度，得到不同进气温度下的NOx排放结果；再将获得的各种实际路谱导入五轴动力总成控制器，控制整车配置、环境温度、湿度、初始状态等影响因素相同，只改变道路路谱进行试验，得到不同路谱下的NOx排放结果。
试验车辆选取一满足GB 17691—2018标准要求的配备12 L发动机的牵引车，整车配置如表1所示。使用的测试设备包括AVL便携式PEMS设备和ETAS数据采集工具，如表2所示。
研究进气温度对NOx排放的影响时，使用的道路路谱如图1所示，控制台架环境温度为25 ℃、湿度为40%，正式试验前充分热车10 min。研究道路工况对NOx排放的影响时，控制台架的环境温度为25 ℃、湿度为40%、进气温度为50 ℃，正式试验前充分热车10 min。
3 试验过程及结果分析
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3.1 进气温度对NOx排放的影响
选取图1所示的典型路谱，通过控制中冷器冷却水循环流量调节进气温度，进气温度的最大控制范围为20~70 ℃。在同一路谱下分别进行进气温度为20 ℃、30 ℃、40 ℃、50 ℃、60 ℃、70 ℃的PEMS循环试验。
不同进气温度下NOx发动机原始排放试验结果如图2所示，尾气排放试验结果如图3所示。
由图2、图3可知，NOx原始排放和尾气排放浓度（体积分数）随进气温度升高而升高，在进气温度从20 ℃到70 ℃的变化过程中，NOx原始排放浓度增加约30%，NOx尾气排放浓度增加约350%，进气温度每提高10 ℃，NOx原始排放浓度平均增加约5%，尾气排放浓度平均增加约36%。
由图3可知，进气温度每提高10 ℃，NOx尾气排放浓度的变化范围为19%~44%，相对原始排放增加范围更大，且不稳定，主要原因是进气温度发生变化时，排气温度也发生较大变化，而排气温度影响尿素对NOx的转化效率，氧化还原反应过程受废气量、排气温度、空速（单位时间内流过后处理的废气体积）和一致性的影响因素较多，同时因NOx尾气排放量较小，且测试设备存在测量误差，导致NOx尾气排放的变化波动较大，但整体变化规律与原始排放相同。
3.2 道路工况对NOx排放的影响
选取不同地区的典型路谱进行试验，包括潍坊、重庆、北京、西宁、格尔木、海拉尔，如图4所示。将不同地区路谱通过标定和设置输入五轴动力总成台架运行，台架的其他环境控制边界与3.1节相同。分别在不同地区路谱下进行PEMS循环试验。
道路工况对NOx排放的影响研究主要基于国六法规的实际道路PEMS试验，重点评价第90百分位的NOx功基窗口比排放，因此主要分析第90百分位NOx比排放与道路工况的关系。
试验控制进气温度为50 ℃，不同道路工况的试验结果如表3所示。潍坊1-N3路谱为一种常用的整车PEMS试验路谱，将该路谱作为基准路谱，计算其他路谱与该路谱比排放的比值。
由表3可以看出，不同道路工况下差异较大，最恶劣工况路谱重庆2-N2的第90百分位NOx功基窗口比排放是基准路谱的2.66倍。
由以上测试结果可知，路况变化越剧烈，NOx排放结果越差。路谱变化的剧烈程度主要体现在停车时间、停车次数、起步加速的初始速度等方面。停车时间越长、停车次数越多、起步加速的初始速度越低，其表征的路谱工况越剧烈。
4 结束语
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本文主要研究了整车NOx排放与进气温度和道路工况的关系。试验结果表明：NOx原始排放浓度和尾气排放浓度随进气温度提高而增大；第90百分位NOx功基窗口比排放受道路工况影响差异较大，最恶劣道路工况是基准道路工况的2.6倍以上。
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参考文献 引证文献
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2023年第卷第9期
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doi: 10.20104/j.cnki.1674-6546.20230064
  • 首发时间：2025-11-25
  • 出版时间：2023-09-15
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  • 修回日期：2023-03-25
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    1 内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室， 潍坊 261061
    2 潍柴动力股份有限公司， 潍坊 261061
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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