Article(id=1194412796503880355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, issueId=1194434043442856754, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20104/j.cnki.1674-6546.20240190, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=1723996800000, revisedDateStr=2024-08-19, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762699801802, onlineDateStr=2025-11-09, pubDate=1736870400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762699801802, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762699801802, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762699801802, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1194434043442856754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, year='2025', volume='', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='48', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762704867468, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762704867468, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null}, startPage=43, endPage=48, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1194412796747149989, articleId=1194412796503880355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, language=EN, title=Research on Top-Down Design and Development for Sound Quality of Passenger Car Door Closing, columnId=1194412794398339736, journalTitle=Automotive Engineer, columnName=Journey of Serenity and Comfort: Special Issue on Advanced Control Technologies for Vehicle NVH, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
In order to improve customer’s door closing experience, top-down design and development of the sound quality of an electric vehicle’s door closing are carried out. In the product design phase, target values about subjective and objective evaluation for door closing sound quality are set according to door closing sound quality data of the existing vehicle model and test analysis of the benchmarked model, the main parameters affecting the sound quality of door closing are summarized. In the prototyping stage, NVH sound detection equipment is deployed to test sound quality parameters and simulate user experience for subjective evaluation. For the problems revealed in the sound quality evaluation results in the prototyping stage, sound quality has been improved by adopting the following measures: increasing seal reaction force in the door seal strip, controlling door seal gap, optimizing door lock and increasing door window holding force, etc. Subjective and objective evaluation results show that door closing quality of this model has achieved the product definition objective.
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为提升用户关门操作使用体验，对某款纯电动汽车关门声品质进行了正向设计开发。在产品定义阶段，结合既有车型关门声品质数据和对标车型的测试分析，设定关门声品质的主、客观评价目标，梳理影响关门声品质的主要因素。在试制阶段，运用NVH声音检测设备测试声品质参数，并模拟用户实际使用体验进行主观评价。针对试制阶段声品质评价结果存在的问题，通过增大车门洞密封条密封反力、控制车门密封间隙、优化车门锁、增大车门玻璃夹持力等措施改善关门声品质，主客观评价结果表明，该车型关门声品质达到产品定义目标。
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| 评价项目 | 对标车型1 | 对标车型2 | 本文车型目标 |
| 响度评分 | 7.25 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| 尖锐度评分 | 7.25 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| 舒适度评分 | 7.0 | 7.25 | 7.5 |
| 一致性评分 | 7.25 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| 关门方便性评分 | 7.5 | 7.75 | 8.0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1194434202331480961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, articleId=1194412796503880355, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
本文车型关门声品质主观评价目标 分
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 评价项目 | 对标车型1 | 对标车型2 | 本文车型目标 |
| 响度评分 | 7.25 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| 尖锐度评分 | 7.25 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| 舒适度评分 | 7.0 | 7.25 | 7.5 |
| 一致性评分 | 7.25 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| 关门方便性评分 | 7.5 | 7.75 | 8.0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1194434202406978434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, articleId=1194412796503880355, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 评价项目 | 对标车型 | 本文车型目标 |
| 声压级/dB(A) | 80±5 | 75±5 |
| 主频冲击时间/s | ≤0.15 | ≤0.15 |
| 低频延续时间/s | ≥0.5 | ≥0.6 |
| 声音响度/sone | 33±3 | 32±3 |
| 声音尖锐度/acum | 3.0±0.3 | 2.8±0.3 |
最小关门速度
/m·s-1 | 前门 | ≤1.1 | ≤1.1 |
| 后门 | ≤1.2 | ≤1.2 |
| 静态关闭力/N | 前门 | 300±50 | 300±50 |
| 后门 | 300±50 | 300±50 |
), ArticleFig(id=1194434202524418947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, articleId=1194412796503880355, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
关门声品质客观评价指标
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 评价项目 | 对标车型 | 本文车型目标 |
| 声压级/dB(A) | 80±5 | 75±5 |
| 主频冲击时间/s | ≤0.15 | ≤0.15 |
| 低频延续时间/s | ≥0.5 | ≥0.6 |
| 声音响度/sone | 33±3 | 32±3 |
| 声音尖锐度/acum | 3.0±0.3 | 2.8±0.3 |
最小关门速度
/m·s-1 | 前门 | ≤1.1 | ≤1.1 |
| 后门 | ≤1.2 | ≤1.2 |
| 静态关闭力/N | 前门 | 300±50 | 300±50 |
| 后门 | 300±50 | 300±50 |
), ArticleFig(id=1194434202612499332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, articleId=1194412796503880355, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 影响参数 | 前门 | 后门 |
| 质量/kg | 35 | 32 |
| 质心与车门铰链轴线的距离/mm | 508 | 417 |
| 车门宽度/mm | 1 045 | 920 |
| 车门惯性矩/kg·m2 | 9 032 | 5 564 |
| 车门打开25°上升量/mm | 8 | 9 |
| 铰链摩擦能量/J | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| 重力势能/J | 2.344 | 2.422 |
| 限位器助关能量/J | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| 锁啮合点与车门铰链轴线的距离/mm | 970 | 880 |
| 锁自身锁定能量/J | 0.69 | 0.68 |
| 门锁定能量/J | 0.33 | 0.36 |
| 密封条总能量/J | 0.69 | 0.67 |
| 总关闭能量/J | 3.565 | 3.597 |
| 车门角速度/(°)·s-1 | 52.51 | 74.03 |
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前、后门最小关闭速度影响因子
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| 影响参数 | 前门 | 后门 |
| 质量/kg | 35 | 32 |
| 质心与车门铰链轴线的距离/mm | 508 | 417 |
| 车门宽度/mm | 1 045 | 920 |
| 车门惯性矩/kg·m2 | 9 032 | 5 564 |
| 车门打开25°上升量/mm | 8 | 9 |
| 铰链摩擦能量/J | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| 重力势能/J | 2.344 | 2.422 |
| 限位器助关能量/J | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| 锁啮合点与车门铰链轴线的距离/mm | 970 | 880 |
| 锁自身锁定能量/J | 0.69 | 0.68 |
| 门锁定能量/J | 0.33 | 0.36 |
| 密封条总能量/J | 0.69 | 0.67 |
| 总关闭能量/J | 3.565 | 3.597 |
| 车门角速度/(°)·s-1 | 52.51 | 74.03 |
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| 评价人员序号 | 响度评分/分 | 尖锐度评分/分 | 舒适度评分/分 | 一致性评分/分 | 关门方便性评分/分 |
| 1 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 8.0 |
| 2 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 7.8 |
| 3 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 8.0 |
| 4 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 8.2 |
| 5 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.7 |
| 6 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 7.8 |
| 7 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 8.0 |
| 8 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 7.0 | 8.2 |
| 9 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 7.5 |
| 10 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 7.9 |
| 11 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 8.0 |
| 12 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 8.3 |
| 13 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 7.8 |
| 14 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 8.1 |
| 15 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 8.2 |
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试制阶段关门声品质主观评价结果
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| 评价人员序号 | 响度评分/分 | 尖锐度评分/分 | 舒适度评分/分 | 一致性评分/分 | 关门方便性评分/分 |
| 1 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 8.0 |
| 2 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 7.8 |
| 3 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 8.0 |
| 4 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 8.2 |
| 5 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.7 |
| 6 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 7.8 |
| 7 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 8.0 |
| 8 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 7.0 | 8.2 |
| 9 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 7.5 |
| 10 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 7.9 |
| 11 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 8.0 |
| 12 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 8.3 |
| 13 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 7.8 |
| 14 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 8.1 |
| 15 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 8.2 |
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| 评价项目 | 测试结果 |
| 声压级/dB(A) | 82 |
| 主频冲击时间/s | 0.18 |
| 低频延续时间/s | 0.35 |
| 声音响度/sone | 55.5 |
| 声音尖锐度/acum | 3.37 |
| 最小关门速度/m·s-1 | 前门 | 0.7 |
| 后门 | 0.8 |
| 静态关闭力/N | 前门 | 253 |
| 后门 | 270 |
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试制阶段关门声品质客观评价结果
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| 评价项目 | 测试结果 |
| 声压级/dB(A) | 82 |
| 主频冲击时间/s | 0.18 |
| 低频延续时间/s | 0.35 |
| 声音响度/sone | 55.5 |
| 声音尖锐度/acum | 3.37 |
| 最小关门速度/m·s-1 | 前门 | 0.7 |
| 后门 | 0.8 |
| 静态关闭力/N | 前门 | 253 |
| 后门 | 270 |
), ArticleFig(id=1194434203128398730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, articleId=1194412796503880355, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 评价人员序号 | 响度评分
/分 | 尖锐度评分/分 | 舒适度评分/分 | 一致性评分/分 | 关门方便性评分/分 |
| 1 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 8.2 |
| 2 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 8.2 |
| 3 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 8.5 |
| 4 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 8.0 |
| 5 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.5 |
| 6 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 8.0 |
| 7 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 8.0 |
| 8 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 8.2 | 8.5 |
| 9 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 8.2 |
| 10 | 8.0 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 8.1 | 8.7 |
| 11 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.5 |
| 12 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.6 |
| 13 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 8.0 | 8.2 |
| 14 | 8.2 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.8 | 8.5 |
| 15 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 8.0 | 8.3 |
), ArticleFig(id=1194434203212284811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189918454225211397, articleId=1194412796503880355, language=CN, label=表6, caption=
量产阶段关门声品质主观评价结果
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| 评价人员序号 | 响度评分
/分 | 尖锐度评分/分 | 舒适度评分/分 | 一致性评分/分 | 关门方便性评分/分 |
| 1 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 8.2 |
| 2 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 8.2 |
| 3 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 8.5 |
| 4 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 8.0 |
| 5 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.5 |
| 6 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 8.0 |
| 7 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 8.0 |
| 8 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 8.2 | 8.5 |
| 9 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 8.2 |
| 10 | 8.0 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 8.1 | 8.7 |
| 11 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.5 |
| 12 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.6 |
| 13 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 8.0 | 8.2 |
| 14 | 8.2 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.8 | 8.5 |
| 15 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 8.0 | 8.3 |
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| 评价项目 | 测试结果 |
| 声压级/dB(A) | 73 |
| 主频冲击时间/s | 0.14 |
| 低频延续时间/s | 0.75 |
| 声音响度/sone | 33.5 |
| 声音尖锐度/acum | 2.76 |
| 最小关门速度/m·s-1 | 前门 | 0.95 |
| 后门 | 1.05 |
| 静态关闭力/N | 前门 | 292 |
| 后门 | 320 |
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量产阶段关门声品质客观评价结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 评价项目 | 测试结果 |
| 声压级/dB(A) | 73 |
| 主频冲击时间/s | 0.14 |
| 低频延续时间/s | 0.75 |
| 声音响度/sone | 33.5 |
| 声音尖锐度/acum | 2.76 |
| 最小关门速度/m·s-1 | 前门 | 0.95 |
| 后门 | 1.05 |
| 静态关闭力/N | 前门 | 292 |
| 后门 | 320 |
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