Article(id=1302212366406537811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, issueId=1302212221539472091, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2026.06.011, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1767974400000, receivedDateStr=2026-01-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1788401222086, onlineDateStr=2026-09-03, pubDate=1782316800000, pubDateStr=2026-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1788401222086, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1788401222086, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1788401222086, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1302212221539472091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, year='2026', volume='57', issue='6', pageStart='1625', pageEnd='1956', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1782316800000', pubDateStr='2026-06-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1788401187547, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1788405081323, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1302228553291034731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, issueId=1302212221539472091, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1302228553291034732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, issueId=1302212221539472091, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1741, endPage=1752, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1302212366733693524, articleId=1302212366406537811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, language=EN, title=Analysis of pedigree and traits of superior strong gluten wheat varieties in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, columnId=1302212259774747620, journalTitle=Journal of Southern Agriculture, columnName=Crop Genetics & Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Biotechnology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

This study aimed to elucidate the pedigree and traits related to yield and quality of strong gluten wheat varieties bred in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,providing reference for genetic improvement of strong gluten wheat varieties in this region.

Method

Strong gluten and medium-strong gluten wheat varieties proved by national or provincial registration in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were used as materials to analyze their genetic pedigree and contribution values of core parents,and data from regional trials were utilized to analyze their traits related to yield,quality,and diseases resistance.

Result

From 2007 to 2023,a total of 70 strong or medium-strong gluten wheat varieties were registered in this region. The breeding methods included systematic selection,cross breeding,and recurrent selection breeding,among which cross breeding accounted for 95.6% of all developed varieties,with single-cross breeding being the predominant method (65.7%),multiple-cross breeding accounting for 25.6%,with three varie-ties developed through backcross breeding. Pedigree analysis of parents revealed that the strong gluten wheat varieties developed in Jiangsu were mainly derived from Sumai No. 6 and its derivative varieties (Zhenmai No. 9,Zhenmai No. 10,and Zhenmai 168),while those developed in Hubei were mainly derived from Zhengmai 9023 and Xinong 979. Among the superior wheat varieties developed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,medium-strong gluten varie-ties accounted for the highest proportion of 58.6%. All varieties met the strong gluten or medium-strong gluten standards in terms of grain protein content and extended area;however,12 varieties failed to meet the quality standard for stability time,five varieties failed for maximum resistance to extension,and five varieties failed to meet the first-class wheat standard for test weight. In terms of yield performance,92.9% of the varieties outyielded the control,with varying degrees of improvement in effective panicle number,kernel number per panicle,and thousand-kernel weight compared with the control. Regarding resistance to Fusarium head blight,the improvement was relatively effective,with 54.3% of varie-ties showing moderate resistance to Fusarium head blight,25.7% showing moderate to high resistance to stripe rust,2.9% showing moderate resistance to sheath blight,and 17.1% showing primary to moderate resistance to powdery mildew.

Conclusion

The breeding of superior strong gluten wheat in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has achieved considerable progress,with 70 high yield and superior strong gluten or medium-strong gluten wheat varieties developed. However,the problems of narrow parental sources and limited genetic basis remain,and thus the introduction and utilization of elite germplasm from other ecological regions or relatives of wheat should be strengthened. For quality improvement,more attention should be paid to the enhancement of gluten quality,and the screening of dough rheological pro-perty indicators should be reinforced. To improve the stable yield and adaptability of superior varieties,resistance to Fusarium head blight needs to be further enhanced,and particular emphasis should be placed on improving resistance to powdery mildew and sheath blight,so as to achieve the goal of superior,high-yield,and green production.

, authors=Yong-gang WANG, Meng-qing DAI, Yu-ze ZHU, Yu-jiao GAO, Hai-gang MA, Yi DAI, Hong-xiang MA, authorsList=Yong-gang WANG, Meng-qing DAI, Yu-ze ZHU, Yu-jiao GAO, Hai-gang MA, Yi DAI, Hong-xiang MA, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hong-xiang MA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1302212367857767005, articleId=1302212366406537811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, language=CN, title=长江中下游优质强筋小麦品种系谱及性状分析, columnId=1302212260148040678, journalTitle=南方农业学报, columnName=作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子生物学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

解析长江中下游麦区育成的强筋小麦品种系谱及产量和品质等相关性状特征,以期为该地区强筋小麦品种遗传改良提供参考依据。

方法

以长江中下游通过国家或省品种审定的强筋和中强筋小麦品种为材料,分析其遗传系谱及核心亲本贡献值,利用区域试验数据分析其产量、品质和抗性等相关性状特征。

结果

2007—2023年该麦区已审定强筋或中强筋小麦品种70个,育种方式包括系统选择、亲本间杂交和轮回选择育种,其中杂交育种占所有育成品种的95.6%,以单交为主,占65.7%;复交育成品种占25.6%;另有3个品种为回交育成。亲本系谱分析结果显示,江苏育成的强筋小麦主要来源于苏麦6号及其衍生的镇麦9号、镇麦10号、镇麦168,而湖北育成的强筋小麦品种主要源于郑麦9023和西农979。长江中下游育成的优质小麦品种中,以中强筋品种占比最高,为58.6%;所有品种的籽粒蛋白质含量和拉伸面积均达到强筋或中强筋标准,但有12个品种的稳定时间,5个品种的最大拉伸阻力未达到优质麦标准,有5个品种的容重未达到一等麦的标准。产量表现上,92.9%的品种产量高于对照,育成品种与对照相比在有效穗数、每穗粒数和千粒重均有不同程度提高。小麦赤霉病抗性改良效果较好,54.3%的品种中抗赤霉病,25.7%的品种中抗和高抗条锈病,而2.9%的品种中抗纹枯病,17.1%的品种中抗和抗白粉病。

结论

长江中下游麦区优质强筋小麦育种取得了较好进展,育成了70个高产优质强筋或中强筋小麦品种,但存在亲本来源单一,遗传基础狭窄的问题,需要加强其他生态区或小麦近缘种优异种质的引进利用。品质改良上应重视面筋质量的改良,加强面团流变学特性指标筛选。为了提高优质品种的稳产和适应性,应进一步提高小麦赤霉病抗性,尤其需要重视白粉病和纹枯病抗性改良,以达到优质、高产、绿色生产的目标。

, authors=王永刚, 戴梦清, 朱羽泽, 高玉姣, 马海港, 戴毅, 马鸿翔*, *, authorsList=王永刚, 戴梦清, 朱羽泽, 高玉姣, 马海港, 戴毅, 马鸿翔, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=马鸿翔, authorNote=

王永刚(1986-),https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7885-4185,博士,主要从事小麦重要性状优异基因挖掘与分子设计育种研究工作,E-mail:

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马鸿翔(1965-),https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1509-7105,教授,主要从事小麦遗传育种研究工作,E-mail:
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Frontiers in Plant Science12:694023., articleTitle=Pyramiding of Fusarium head blight resistance quantitative trait Loci,Fhb1Fhb4,and Fhb5,in modern Chinese wheat cultivars, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1302212369703260766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1302212369711649375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, companyId=1302212369703260766, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1302212369724232288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, companyId=1302212369703260766, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1江苏省作物基因组学和分子育种重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心/生物育种钟山实验室/扬州大学农学院,江苏 扬州 225009)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1302212375600452238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Pedigree of core parents and their derived varieties, figureFileSmall=ZBVgqAlVZ8vRmqBohil5Rg==, figureFileBig=ZgsRNg1xfkwmhb5OCF5Qvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302212375659172495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=CN, label=图1, caption=骨干亲本及其育成品种系谱, figureFileSmall=ZBVgqAlVZ8vRmqBohil5Rg==, figureFileBig=ZgsRNg1xfkwmhb5OCF5Qvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302212375843721872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Distribution of wheat varieties of different quality grades, figureFileSmall=FUtTj54vnd0pHmjgZLbshA==, figureFileBig=hfBcjX83sPX6XRL2saP0cw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302212375910830737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同品质等级的小麦品种分布

图中的实线和虚线箭头分别代表该指标对应的强筋小麦和中强筋小麦标准

, figureFileSmall=FUtTj54vnd0pHmjgZLbshA==, figureFileBig=hfBcjX83sPX6XRL2saP0cw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302212375973745298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Analysis of traits related to yield of strong gluten and medium-strong gluten wheat varieties, figureFileSmall=FWb+PmrOEJMVEwkmMCPqIg==, figureFileBig=sMhEuQgMhSM/81kjI8lCWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302212376091185811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=CN, label=图3, caption=强筋和中强筋小麦品种产量相关性状分析

图中的箭头代表对照品种的性状数据

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Strong gluten and medium-strong wheat varieties developed in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份
Year
江苏
Jiangsu
安徽
Anhui
湖北
Hubei
总数
Total number
强筋
Strong gluten
中强筋
Medium-strong gluten
强筋
Strong gluten
强筋
Strong gluten
中强筋
Medium-strong gluten
2007—2019镇麦168、镇麦10号、扬麦23、扬麦29、宁麦26镇麦9号、镇麦12、镇麦15、瑞华麦596、宁麦资126华麦1168扶麦36812
2020镇麦18宁麦资166、宁麦186楚襄1号4
2021宁麦资218、宁麦资958、瑞华麦598、泰麦6号、盐麦2号、扬辐麦13襄麦32、襄麦DH5188
2022镇麦16、宁麦35、宁麦资999、瑞华麦590、盐麦1903、扬麦39、扬麦41隆垦213荆麦202、康麦806、扶麦1912、华麦1598、襄麦356龙麦880、襄麦39、襄麦78、襄麦85、襄麦95、襄麦356、鄂麦590、鄂麦605、鄂麦008、鄂麦00923
2023镇麦23、宁麦资199、辉丰麦156、扬辐麦23、中研麦238宁麦资100、南农1632、宁麦39、镇麦22、扬辐麦22、宁红麦618、金丰麦4号、盐麦7号、瑞华麦529、扬辐麦25、金丰麦5号、镇麦29、盛麦6号东昌379鄂麦805、鄂麦016、正麦66华麦182023
), ArticleFig(id=1302212376418341527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

长江中下游麦区育成的强筋和中强筋小麦品种

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份
Year
江苏
Jiangsu
安徽
Anhui
湖北
Hubei
总数
Total number
强筋
Strong gluten
中强筋
Medium-strong gluten
强筋
Strong gluten
强筋
Strong gluten
中强筋
Medium-strong gluten
2007—2019镇麦168、镇麦10号、扬麦23、扬麦29、宁麦26镇麦9号、镇麦12、镇麦15、瑞华麦596、宁麦资126华麦1168扶麦36812
2020镇麦18宁麦资166、宁麦186楚襄1号4
2021宁麦资218、宁麦资958、瑞华麦598、泰麦6号、盐麦2号、扬辐麦13襄麦32、襄麦DH5188
2022镇麦16、宁麦35、宁麦资999、瑞华麦590、盐麦1903、扬麦39、扬麦41隆垦213荆麦202、康麦806、扶麦1912、华麦1598、襄麦356龙麦880、襄麦39、襄麦78、襄麦85、襄麦95、襄麦356、鄂麦590、鄂麦605、鄂麦008、鄂麦00923
2023镇麦23、宁麦资199、辉丰麦156、扬辐麦23、中研麦238宁麦资100、南农1632、宁麦39、镇麦22、扬辐麦22、宁红麦618、金丰麦4号、盐麦7号、瑞华麦529、扬辐麦25、金丰麦5号、镇麦29、盛麦6号东昌379鄂麦805、鄂麦016、正麦66华麦182023
), ArticleFig(id=1302212376477061784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Breeding methods of strong gluten wheat varieties

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方法 Method品种数 Variety number比例(%) Proportion
系统选择 Systematic selection22.9
单交 Single cross4665.7
复交 Multiple cross双交 Double cross57.1
三交 Three-way cross811.4
4个以上亲本杂交 Complex cross involving more than four parents57.1
回交 Backcross34.3
轮回选择 Recurrent selection11.4
), ArticleFig(id=1302212376560947865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

强筋小麦品种育种方式

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方法 Method品种数 Variety number比例(%) Proportion
系统选择 Systematic selection22.9
单交 Single cross4665.7
复交 Multiple cross双交 Double cross57.1
三交 Three-way cross811.4
4个以上亲本杂交 Complex cross involving more than four parents57.1
回交 Backcross34.3
轮回选择 Recurrent selection11.4
), ArticleFig(id=1302212376632251034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Genetic contribution of parents of different sources

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类别
Type
累计遗传贡献值
Cumulative genetic contribution value
遗传贡献率(%)
Genetic contribution rate
育成品种 Developed variety52.478.2
育种中间材料 Intermediate breeding material13.620.3
引进种质 Introduced germplasm1.01.5
), ArticleFig(id=1302212376795828891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同来源亲本的遗传贡献

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类别
Type
累计遗传贡献值
Cumulative genetic contribution value
遗传贡献率(%)
Genetic contribution rate
育成品种 Developed variety52.478.2
育种中间材料 Intermediate breeding material13.620.3
引进种质 Introduced germplasm1.01.5
), ArticleFig(id=1302212378490327708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Genetic contribution of frequently used parents

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
亲本
Parent
育成品种数
Developed variety number
遗传贡献值
Genetic contribution value
遗传贡献率(%)
Genetic contribution rate
镇麦9号 Zhenmai No. 9125.58.2
镇麦10号 Zhenmai No. 1052.53.7
镇麦168 Zhenmai 16873.85.6
扬麦158 Yangmai 15841.32.0
郑麦9023 Zhengmai 9023104.36.3
西农979 Xinong 97942.03.0
), ArticleFig(id=1302212378590991005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301849931339890755, articleId=1302212366406537811, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

高频使用亲本的遗传贡献

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
亲本
Parent
育成品种数
Developed variety number
遗传贡献值
Genetic contribution value
遗传贡献率(%)
Genetic contribution rate
镇麦9号 Zhenmai No. 9125.58.2
镇麦10号 Zhenmai No. 1052.53.7
镇麦168 Zhenmai 16873.85.6
扬麦158 Yangmai 15841.32.0
郑麦9023 Zhengmai 9023104.36.3
西农979 Xinong 97942.03.0
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长江中下游优质强筋小麦品种系谱及性状分析
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王永刚 , 戴梦清 , 朱羽泽 , 高玉姣 , 马海港 , 戴毅 , 马鸿翔 *, *
南方农业学报 | 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子生物学 2026,57(6): 1741-1752
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南方农业学报 |作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子生物学 2026 , 57 (6) : 1741 -1752
长江中下游优质强筋小麦品种系谱及性状分析
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王永刚 , 戴梦清, 朱羽泽, 高玉姣, 马海港, 戴毅, 马鸿翔*, *
作者信息
  • 1江苏省作物基因组学和分子育种重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心/生物育种钟山实验室/扬州大学农学院,江苏 扬州 225009
通讯作者:
马鸿翔(1965-),https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1509-7105,教授,主要从事小麦遗传育种研究工作,E-mail:
作者简介:

王永刚(1986-),https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7885-4185,博士,主要从事小麦重要性状优异基因挖掘与分子设计育种研究工作,E-mail:

Analysis of pedigree and traits of superior strong gluten wheat varieties in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River
Yong-gang WANG , Meng-qing DAI, Yu-ze ZHU, Yu-jiao GAO, Hai-gang MA, Yi DAI, Hong-xiang MA
Affiliations
  • 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China
出版时间: 2026-06-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2026.06.011
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目的

解析长江中下游麦区育成的强筋小麦品种系谱及产量和品质等相关性状特征,以期为该地区强筋小麦品种遗传改良提供参考依据。

方法

以长江中下游通过国家或省品种审定的强筋和中强筋小麦品种为材料,分析其遗传系谱及核心亲本贡献值,利用区域试验数据分析其产量、品质和抗性等相关性状特征。

结果

2007—2023年该麦区已审定强筋或中强筋小麦品种70个,育种方式包括系统选择、亲本间杂交和轮回选择育种,其中杂交育种占所有育成品种的95.6%,以单交为主,占65.7%;复交育成品种占25.6%;另有3个品种为回交育成。亲本系谱分析结果显示,江苏育成的强筋小麦主要来源于苏麦6号及其衍生的镇麦9号、镇麦10号、镇麦168,而湖北育成的强筋小麦品种主要源于郑麦9023和西农979。长江中下游育成的优质小麦品种中,以中强筋品种占比最高,为58.6%;所有品种的籽粒蛋白质含量和拉伸面积均达到强筋或中强筋标准,但有12个品种的稳定时间,5个品种的最大拉伸阻力未达到优质麦标准,有5个品种的容重未达到一等麦的标准。产量表现上,92.9%的品种产量高于对照,育成品种与对照相比在有效穗数、每穗粒数和千粒重均有不同程度提高。小麦赤霉病抗性改良效果较好,54.3%的品种中抗赤霉病,25.7%的品种中抗和高抗条锈病,而2.9%的品种中抗纹枯病,17.1%的品种中抗和抗白粉病。

结论

长江中下游麦区优质强筋小麦育种取得了较好进展,育成了70个高产优质强筋或中强筋小麦品种,但存在亲本来源单一,遗传基础狭窄的问题,需要加强其他生态区或小麦近缘种优异种质的引进利用。品质改良上应重视面筋质量的改良,加强面团流变学特性指标筛选。为了提高优质品种的稳产和适应性,应进一步提高小麦赤霉病抗性,尤其需要重视白粉病和纹枯病抗性改良,以达到优质、高产、绿色生产的目标。

小麦  /  强筋  /  系谱  /  性状  /  长江中下游
Objective

This study aimed to elucidate the pedigree and traits related to yield and quality of strong gluten wheat varieties bred in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,providing reference for genetic improvement of strong gluten wheat varieties in this region.

Method

Strong gluten and medium-strong gluten wheat varieties proved by national or provincial registration in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were used as materials to analyze their genetic pedigree and contribution values of core parents,and data from regional trials were utilized to analyze their traits related to yield,quality,and diseases resistance.

Result

From 2007 to 2023,a total of 70 strong or medium-strong gluten wheat varieties were registered in this region. The breeding methods included systematic selection,cross breeding,and recurrent selection breeding,among which cross breeding accounted for 95.6% of all developed varieties,with single-cross breeding being the predominant method (65.7%),multiple-cross breeding accounting for 25.6%,with three varie-ties developed through backcross breeding. Pedigree analysis of parents revealed that the strong gluten wheat varieties developed in Jiangsu were mainly derived from Sumai No. 6 and its derivative varieties (Zhenmai No. 9,Zhenmai No. 10,and Zhenmai 168),while those developed in Hubei were mainly derived from Zhengmai 9023 and Xinong 979. Among the superior wheat varieties developed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,medium-strong gluten varie-ties accounted for the highest proportion of 58.6%. All varieties met the strong gluten or medium-strong gluten standards in terms of grain protein content and extended area;however,12 varieties failed to meet the quality standard for stability time,five varieties failed for maximum resistance to extension,and five varieties failed to meet the first-class wheat standard for test weight. In terms of yield performance,92.9% of the varieties outyielded the control,with varying degrees of improvement in effective panicle number,kernel number per panicle,and thousand-kernel weight compared with the control. Regarding resistance to Fusarium head blight,the improvement was relatively effective,with 54.3% of varie-ties showing moderate resistance to Fusarium head blight,25.7% showing moderate to high resistance to stripe rust,2.9% showing moderate resistance to sheath blight,and 17.1% showing primary to moderate resistance to powdery mildew.

Conclusion

The breeding of superior strong gluten wheat in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has achieved considerable progress,with 70 high yield and superior strong gluten or medium-strong gluten wheat varieties developed. However,the problems of narrow parental sources and limited genetic basis remain,and thus the introduction and utilization of elite germplasm from other ecological regions or relatives of wheat should be strengthened. For quality improvement,more attention should be paid to the enhancement of gluten quality,and the screening of dough rheological pro-perty indicators should be reinforced. To improve the stable yield and adaptability of superior varieties,resistance to Fusarium head blight needs to be further enhanced,and particular emphasis should be placed on improving resistance to powdery mildew and sheath blight,so as to achieve the goal of superior,high-yield,and green production.

wheat  /  strong gluten  /  pedigree  /  trait  /  middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River
王永刚, 戴梦清, 朱羽泽, 高玉姣, 马海港, 戴毅, 马鸿翔. 长江中下游优质强筋小麦品种系谱及性状分析. 南方农业学报, 2026 , 57 (6) : 1741 -1752 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2026.06.011
Yong-gang WANG, Meng-qing DAI, Yu-ze ZHU, Yu-jiao GAO, Hai-gang MA, Yi DAI, Hong-xiang MA. Analysis of pedigree and traits of superior strong gluten wheat varieties in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River[J]. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2026 , 57 (6) : 1741 -1752 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2026.06.011
【研究意义】小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)是我国主要粮食作物,政策利好和科技进步使我国小麦产量连年丰产,基本满足生活需求,但随着人们生活条件的改善和消费结构的优化,优质小麦的需求不断增加(訾金爽等,2024)。在小麦供给总量充足的情况下,我国每年仍需从国外进口优质小麦,用于专用面粉的生产(蒋赟等,2021)。长江中下游麦区是我国冬小麦的主要产区之一,也是我国第二大小麦产区,包括江苏和安徽两省淮河以南、湖北北部、河南南部及浙江、上海地区,耕地面积达1046万ha(薛志伟等,2025)。该地区气候湿润,热量条件良好,年降水量为800~1400 mm,地势低平,土壤以水稻土为主,有机质含量约为1%,小麦生产以雨养形式为主,生产成本低于黄淮麦区,在我国小麦供给中起着举足轻重的作用(卢布等,2010)。目前,该地区的小麦种植面积已达2.6×106 ha(胡佩敏,2023)。为了适应市场需求,近年来该区域加大了优质小麦品种的选育力度,并育成了一批优质强筋或中强筋小麦品种(董连生,2024)。性状遗传改良取决于杂交亲本的组配,系统分析育成品种的亲本系谱及产量、品质和抗性特点,可了解育成品种的亲本类型及其亲缘关系,明确品种的遗传基础,总结育种经验,发现选育规律,对于该区域强筋小麦品种选育目标和技术路径选择具有重要意义。【前人研究进展】我国科学家十分重视小麦品种系谱和重要品种的性状分析,金善宝(1983)分析了1950—1980年间我国利用国内外种质选育的小麦品种系谱组成、亲缘关系和目标性状及生产应用。庄巧生等(2003)进一步解析了品种更替和系谱渊源,并提出了我国小麦抗病、产量和加工品质改良的相关建议。曹廷杰等(2015)基于系谱和SNP分子标记对河南省2000—2013年审定的小麦品种进行遗传多样性分析,结果显示,96个小麦品种的遗传多样性较低,多数品种之间的亲缘关系较近,表明在育种过程中亟需引入新的种质资源。郑建敏等(2018)分析了川麦44及其9个衍生品种的系谱、产量特征和品质特性,明确指出川麦44在9个衍生品种中具有较大的遗传贡献,并证明以川麦44为亲本可选育出高产优质的小麦新品种。在此基础上,郑建敏等(2019)进一步梳理了四川省326个小麦品种的系谱,结果发现育种的骨干亲本随着育种进程的推进逐渐发生变化。易位系和人工合成种质对四川省小麦育种作出巨大贡献。然而,由于育种目标的一致性,导致了遗传多样性的散失及遗传基础的脆弱性。高艳等(2021)对周麦22及其衍生品种进行系谱和基因型分析,结果显示,周麦22的106个衍生品种涉及82个直接亲本,其中使用次数较多的亲本有百农AK58、周麦24、周麦18、洛麦21、周麦16、周麦19等,均由周8425B和周麦9号直接或间接衍生,充分体现了周麦系列血缘在育种中的重要作用。齐双丽等(2022)对黄淮南片小麦品种的抗病性进行综合评价,结果显示,38个品种(系)对条锈病和叶锈病表现出较好的抗性,但缺乏高抗白粉病和赤霉病的品种(系),且抗纹枯病品种较少,兼抗品种(系)和多抗品种(系)占比仅为5.3%和2.6%;系谱分析结果显示,锈病抗性基因主要来自周麦9号、周8425B、鲁麦系列、洛夫林系列及西农系列,赤霉病抗病基因主要来自小偃系列、内乡系列和西农系列,抗白粉病的基因主要来自周麦9号和周8425B,抗病基因较为单一。王会伟等(2022)对2000—2020年河南审定的小麦品种进行亲本组合分析,明确了核心亲本之间、育成品种之间及育成品种与核心亲本之间的亲缘关系,为小麦种质资源的合理利用和遗传改良提供了科学依据。蒋进等(2023)对四川省育成的112个小麦品种进行系谱分析,明确了育种中的骨干亲本,并基于性状分析结果提出了加强白粉病和赤霉病聚合育种和培育多抗矮秆品种的育种目标。金艳等(2024)对黄淮南片麦区小麦品种性状的遗传多样性进行分析,并筛选出6个利用潜力较大的小麦品种。袁谦等(2025)对近5年黄淮麦区强筋和中强筋的国审小麦品种进行系谱和聚类分析,并探讨了其品质状况和育种策略。高新梅等(2025)对2013—2022年黄淮海地区的主导品种和国审品种进行归纳及亲本溯源分析,结果发现黄淮南片的小麦品种普遍含有周8425B和豫麦2号血缘,而黄淮北片的品种则以鲁麦14为主要血缘;周8425B、豫麦2号和鲁麦14及其衍生品种,如周麦16、周麦22、百农AK58和济麦22,对小麦生产和品种培育起到了重要作用。张帆等(2025)对2021—2024年通过国家审定的660个小麦品种的品质性状进行分析,结果发现这些小麦品种以中筋类型为主,其次为中强筋、强筋、弱筋小麦品种极少;品种间稳定时间变异较大,具有较大的改良空间,建议在育种过程中重点关注该性状。拓宽抗病基因来源、聚合多种抗病基因是选育高抗或多抗品种,提升综合抗病能力的关键途径(曹廷杰等,2021)。Morales等(2023)对奥地利冬小麦育种项目的数据进行分析,并分析基因组和系谱预测方法在育种中的应用效果。Bhandhari等(2025)通过对124个小麦品种的抗黑穗病鉴定和系谱分析发现,5个可能的抗病基因来源。这些研究充分体现了系谱及性状分析在小麦育种性状改良中的重要作用。【本研究切入点】现有的小麦系谱及性状分析研究大多集中于黄淮海麦区和西南麦区,鲜见涉及长江中下游地区。【拟解决的关键问题】以长江中下游地区通过国家或省品种审定的强筋和中强筋小麦品种为研究对象,分析其遗传系谱及核心亲本贡献值,结合区域试验数据分析其产量、品质和抗性等性状特征,明确强筋小麦品种选育中的亲本选配策略,为该地区强筋小麦品种遗传改良提供参考依据。
供试材料为长江中下游地区通过国家或省品种审定的70个强筋或中强筋小麦品种,包括江苏育成的品种44个、安徽育成的品种2个、湖北育成的品种24个(表1)。
试验数据来源于国家长江中下游和各省品种审定的区域试验资料,数值取各试点两年平均值。长江中下游小麦品种区域试验采用条播方式,随机区组3次重复,小区面积13.33 m2。调查的农艺性状主要包括株高、有效穗数、每穗粒数、千粒重、生育期和产量。数据来源于长江中下游小麦新品种区域试验各试验点的平均值。
品质性状包括籽粒容重、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、稳定时间、吸水量、最大拉伸阻力、拉伸面积等,检测数据为农业农村部谷物及制品质量监督检验测试中心检测结果。
根据盖钧镒等(1998)郑建敏等(2019)的方法计算育种亲本遗传贡献值,每个育成品种遗传贡献值为1,亲本对育成品种贡献值按提供均等遗传贡献计算,即单交育成品种的双亲遗传贡献值各为0.5,三交育成品种中,亲本1/亲本2//亲本3的亲本遗传贡献值分别为0.25、0.25和0.5;双交育成品种中,亲本1/亲本2//亲本3/亲本4的亲本遗传贡献值均为0.25,以此类推,推算各个亲本的遗传贡献值。遗传贡献率(%)=遗传贡献值/总遗传贡献值×100。采用Excel 2010和Visio进行数据整理及作图。
长江中下游强筋小麦育种方式包括系统选择、杂交和轮回选择。由表2可知,在70个育成品种中,采用太谷核不育方式进行轮回选择育成的品种有1个,为正麦66,其余69个品种涉及直接亲本91个,其中通过系统选择育成的品种有2个,分别是镇麦12和镇麦23,这2个品种分别选自镇麦168和镇麦15;杂交(包括单交、复交、回交)育成的品种占所有育成品种的95.6%,其中以单交为主,占65.7%;复交(双交、三交及4个以上亲本杂交)组合占25.6%;另有3个品种为回交育成。
杂交育种涉及杂交组合64个,其中选育出3个品种的组合有1个(苏麦6号/97G59),选育出2个品种的组合有1个(镇麦10号/扬麦20),其余62个组合均选育出1个品种。在91个亲本中,育成品种累计遗传贡献值为52.4,遗传贡献率达78.2%;育种中间材料累计遗传贡献值为13.6,遗传贡献率为20.3%,国外引进种质的遗传贡献值为1.0,遗传贡献率仅为1.5%(表3)。分析育成的强筋小麦品种的亲本构成,结果(表4)显示,参与育成4个及以上品种的亲本有6个,为镇麦9号、镇麦10号、镇麦168、扬麦158、郑麦9023和西农979,分别参与育成12、5、7、4、10和4个强筋小麦品种。镇麦9号、镇麦10号和镇麦168均来自同一杂交组合(苏麦6号/97G59)。这些高频使用品种形成了长江中下游强筋小麦育种的骨干亲本,其育成品种的系谱如图1所示。在杂交组合的直接亲本中,镇麦9号育成12个优质强筋或中强筋品种,遗传贡献值最高,其次为郑麦9023,育成了10个品种。育种单位所属区域不同,则使用的骨干亲本存在差异,苏麦6号、镇麦9号、镇麦10号、镇麦168和扬麦158为江苏育种单位的常用亲本,而郑麦9023和西农979为湖北育种单位的常用亲本。少量品种出现了交叉,如江苏品种金丰麦5号以郑麦9023/镇麦168为杂交组合育成,湖北品种襄麦356以郑麦9023/扬麦158为杂交组合育成,安徽品种隆垦213以郑麦9023/宁麦13为杂交组合育成。
长江中下游育成优质小麦以中强筋类型为主,其中中强筋品种41个,占58.6%;强筋品种29个,占41.4%。以2年品质性状的平均值计算,不同等级品质指标的品种数如图2所示。虽然国家优质强筋小麦的标准未将容重列入,但根据GB 1351—2008《小麦》标准,一等麦容重应≥790 g/L,强筋和中强筋小麦籽粒蛋白质含量应分别≥14%和≥13%,湿面筋含量应分别≥30%和≥28%,吸水率应分别≥60%和≥58%,最大拉伸阻力分别为≥450 E.U和≥350 E.U,拉伸面积应分别≥100 cm2和≥50 cm2,稳定时间分别≥10 min和≥7 min。有5个品种容重在790 g/L以下,其余品种均达到一等麦容重标准,其中,容重超过830 g/L的品种全部为湖北育成的品种,包括襄麦820、襄麦85、襄麦356、鄂麦008、鄂麦009、鄂麦805、荆麦202、龙麦880和正麦66。对于籽粒蛋白质含量,强筋和中强筋小麦标准分别≥14%和≥13%,所有供试品种的籽粒蛋白质含量均达到优质麦标准,其中,69个品种的籽粒蛋白质含量达14%,籽粒蛋白质含量在16%以上的品种有宁麦资126、宁麦资199、扶麦368、扬麦29、盐麦2号、荆麦202、南农1632、鄂麦016和镇麦23。对于湿面筋含量,强筋和中强筋小麦的标准分别≥30%和≥28%,65个品种的湿面筋含量达30%,其中湿面筋含量超过35%的品种有扶麦368、荆麦202、襄麦820、襄麦95、南农1632、宁麦39、宁麦资126、宁麦资199和东昌370。对于吸水率,强筋和中筋标准分别≥60%和≥58%,58个品种的吸水率达60%,吸水率>64%的品种有宁麦26、华麦1168、扬麦29、镇麦15、镇麦23、瑞华麦596、瑞华麦598、楚襄1号、盐麦2号和荆麦202。面团流变学特性中,12个品种的稳定时间2年平均值低于7 min,40个品种不足10 min,稳定时间超过16 min的品种有镇麦9号、扬麦29、荆麦202、康麦806、华麦1598、襄麦356、鄂麦008和鄂麦016。对最大拉伸阻力,强筋和中强筋标准分别≥450 E.U和≥350 E.U,5个品种的2年平均值未达到中强筋标准,最大拉伸阻力>650 E.U的品种有瑞华麦598、华麦1598、宁麦35、鄂麦008、鄂麦016、宁麦资100、镇麦23和中研麦238。对于拉伸面积,强筋和中强筋标准分别≥100 cm2和≥50 cm2,所有品种至少达到中强筋小麦标准,拉伸面积>150 cm2的品种有鄂麦008、正麦66、鄂麦016、华麦1598、镇麦23和中研麦238。
品种产量以区域试验2年平均产量与对照增降产比例计算出相对产量,对照产量以多年产量均值作为基数。由图3可知,在育成的强筋小麦品种中,5个品种产量低于对照,65个品种产量高于对照,占供试品种的92.9%,且大部分品种的产量提高幅度集中在对照产量的5%左右。较对照增产6%以上的品种有镇麦15、镇麦18、镇麦29、鄂麦605、康麦806、华麦1598、宁麦35。从产量构成因素看,与对照相比,多数品种的有效穗数、每穗粒数和千粒重均有所增加。千粒重较高的品种有扬辐麦23、辉丰麦156、盐麦7号、盐麦1903、华麦1820、扬麦41、襄麦95、宁麦资999和瑞华麦598。此外,对与产量相关的株高和成熟期进行统计分析,结果发现约50%的育成品种的株高较对照有所下降,约60%的品种成熟期较对照提前。
对长江中下游育成的优质强筋品种进行赤霉病、条锈病、白粉病和纹枯病抗性分析,结果(图4)显示,在赤霉病抗性方面,对照品种的赤霉病抗性为中感,而育成品种中有38个品种达到中抗水平,占所有育成品种的54.3%,说明该性状的改良取得了较好效果;在条锈病抗性方面,高感品种和中感品种分别有31和21个,占所有育成品种的74.2%,中抗和高抗的品种仅18个,占所有育成品种的25.7%;在纹枯病抗性方面,高感、感病及中感品种分别有30、11和27个,占所有育成品种的97.1%,中抗品种仅有2个,占所有育成品种的2.9%,无抗病品种;在白粉病抗性方面,高感、感和中感品种分别有39、3和16个,占所有育成品种的82.9%,中抗和抗的品种仅有12个,占所有育成品种的17.1%。
强筋小麦除生产优质面包外,更多地作为主要原料用于生产馒头和面条等我国主要食品的加工配麦和配粉。随着人们生活水平的提高,国内强筋小麦产需缺口不断加大(宋维富等,2022)。长江中下游自2007年育成强筋小麦镇麦168以来,至2023年已有70个优质强筋或中强筋小麦品种通过审定,呈逐年递增趋势,说明优质强筋小麦已成为本区域的重要育种目标之一。选择合适的育种方式是实现育种目标的重要路径,目前育成品种中采用系统选择、轮回选择和杂交等育种方式。杂交育种依据选用的亲本数量和组配方式的不同,可分为单交、复交和回交。理论上讲,亲本数量越多,杂交配组方式越复杂,亲本间遗传组成存在差异越大,越易获得优异重组类型的后代。但欲获得基因重组程度越高的组合,在后代选择中需要的群体规模越大,材料稳定时间越长,优异基因丢失风险越高,导致不理想的后代材料占比增多,同时也增加了育种者对目标性状选择的难度。因此,从育种实践看,后代变异类型丰富的复杂杂交组合选育出通过审定的品种数量并不多,目前育成的品种中仍以单交选育最多,占审定品种的65.7%,是当前杂交选育的主要方式,与方正和翟冬峰等(2013)李爱国等(2021)蒋进等(2023)袁谦(2025)的结论一致。随着基因组学研究的不断进步,越来越多的小麦育种目标性状QTL/基因得到挖掘,并开发出了相应的分子标记(Song et al. 2023),这对育种方式的改变将产生较大影响。对于遗传背景相差较大的组合及变异类型丰富的杂交后代选择来说,分子标记辅助育种技术或全基因组选择育种技术提供了基因型选择的便利,表型选择与分子标记筛选的结合更有利于多个优良性状基因的聚合(Roychowdhury,2024)。
种质资源是品种选育的物质基础。本研究表明,镇麦9号、镇麦168、镇麦10号、扬麦158、郑麦9023和西农979等骨干亲本在长江中下游强筋小麦品种培育中发挥了重要基石作用。骨干亲本通常具有较好的综合农艺性状且目标性状优异,在目标性状上具有较高的一般配合力,其所携带的有利染色体位点或片段较易传递至衍生品种中,利用骨干亲本可显著提高育种效率,为新品种培育提供理想的遗传背景(Li et al.,2023)。然而,由于镇麦9号、镇麦10号和镇麦168均来源于同一杂交组合,遗传背景较狭窄,在江苏育成的强筋小麦中应用较多。郑麦9023的亲本为84(14)43//小偃6号/西农65F3///陕213(胡琳,2001),西农979的亲本系谱涉及小偃6号、84(14)43和陕213(孙道杰,2018),两者遗传基础较近,在湖北育成的小麦品种中应用较多。育种中少数骨干亲本的反复使用不可避免地出现遗传基础单一化现象,易造成育成品种的群体遗传多样性散失。利用分子标记对我国50年代至90年代育成小麦品种的遗传多样性进行检测,结果发现育成品种的遗传多样性指数逐渐下降(郝晨阳等,2005)。因此,今后长江中下游强筋小麦品种培育中应拓宽强筋小麦的遗传基础。首先,应加强江苏和湖北优异强筋育种材料间的杂交,扩大新育成品种的遗传背景。其次,加强对国外或我国黄淮麦区优质材料的改造利用,黄淮麦区的优质强筋小麦育种起步较早,藁优2018、师栾02-1、新麦26、济麦44、中麦578等优质强筋小麦品种目前尚未在长江中下游优质小麦育种中得到应用。此外,小麦近缘种中蕴藏着丰富的优质基因,如长穗偃麦草中携带不同于栽培品种的高分子量谷蛋白亚基,有助于改进湿面筋含量和面筋质量,目前已获得了栽培小麦品种背景携带优异外源种质的异染色体系材料(Dai et al.,2023),对这些材料加以利用可进一步拓宽长江中下游优质强筋小麦种质资源的遗传多样性。
在小麦育种中,提高小麦产量潜力、选育高产品种的同时必须兼顾优质和抗病,目前生产急需的品种已不再是产量特别高或品质特别优的低效益品种,而是既高产又优质、抗倒抗病能力强、管理简单、适于大规模机械化收获的好品种(茹振钢等,2015)。通过对我国近年来审定的小麦品种的产量和品质性状进行比较,发现随着年份和品种的更替,小麦的产量和品质均得到提高,千粒重、每穗粒数、有效穗数在小麦增产中起到了重要作用(郝天佳等,2023吴柳格等,2025)。在长江中下游优质强筋小麦育种中,与对照品种相比,新品种的产量性状有了明显提高,体现在有效穗数、每穗粒数和千粒重均得到了不同程度的改良,说明育种家在优质麦育种中一直兼顾着产量相关性状的选择。对育成的优质强筋或中强筋小麦品种进行品质分析,结果发现蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、吸水率等品质指标均可达到国家优质小麦标准,但与加工品质密切相关的面团流变学特性,如稳定时间和最大拉伸阻力等相关指标仍有待提高。面团的稳定时间是面粉蛋白质和面筋质量的综合表现,对食品加工品质具有重要作用(田纪春等,2005)。拉伸性能不仅决定了面团在醒发和焙烤时面团的膨胀过程,对面包体积及质构也有直接的影响。拉伸阻力增加,拉伸面积增大,表明面粉面团的强度和筋力增大,在加工过程中能保持较高的面团弹性和韧性,有利于制作质地和口感较好的馒头或面条(张春庆和李晴祺,1993He et al.,2003)。通过性状分析发现,镇麦9号、扬麦29、荆麦202、康麦806、华麦1598、襄麦356、鄂麦008、鄂麦016等品种具有较长的面团稳定时间,瑞华麦598、华麦1598、宁麦35、鄂麦008、鄂麦016、宁麦资100、镇麦23、中研麦238等具有较大的拉伸阻力,可在今后育种中加以利用。小麦赤霉病、白粉病和纹枯病是长江中下游麦区的主要病害,条锈病则主要在湖北麦区发生,湖北育成的品种有较好抗性。育成品种在赤霉病抗性方面普遍表现为中感至中抗,其中一半以上的品种达中抗水平,较其他麦区品种的赤霉病抗性改良效果较好。为了克服赤霉病危害,江苏省自2010年起小麦品种审定要求达到中抗以上,因而育成的品种赤霉病抗性较此前有了明显提高。近年相关研究已定位了多个抗赤霉病位点,获得了Fhb1Fhb7抗病基因,并在分子标记辅助育种中得到了应用(Zhang et al.,2021)。今后育种中可利用分子标记在中感品种中引入Fhb1Fhb7抗病基因,进一步提高其赤霉病抗性(Ma et al.,2025)。育成品种对纹枯病和白粉病的抗性整体不佳,感病品种占绝大多数,李爱国等(2023)在黄淮南片麦区品种的抗病性鉴定中也发现,近年育成小麦品种的纹枯病和白粉病抗性较差。小麦白粉病改良可利用来自簇毛麦的Pm21基因,镇麦168等小麦品种携带该基因,且已开发出可用的分子标记,在杂交后代中利用分子标记进行检测,即可获得抗病材料(He et al.,2018)。小麦纹枯病的抗病资源较少,目前也无可利用的主效抗病基因,因而只能通过对杂交后代表型鉴定进行选择。Ren等(2020)建立了纹枯病苗期快速鉴定方法,可在育种材料抗病性鉴定中加以利用。
长江中下游麦区优质强筋小麦育种取得了较好进展,育成了70个高产优质强筋或中强筋小麦品种,但存在亲本来源单一,遗传基础狭窄的问题,需要加强其他生态区或小麦近缘种优异种质的引进利用。品质改良上应重视面筋质量的改良,加强面团流变学特性指标筛选。为了提高优质品种的稳产和适应性,应进一步提高小麦赤霉病抗性,尤其需要重视白粉病和纹枯病抗性改良,以达到优质、高产、绿色生产的目标。

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2026年第57卷第6期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2026.06.011
  • 接收时间:2026-01-10
  • 首发时间:2026-09-03
  • 出版时间:2026-06-25
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  • 收稿日期:2026-01-10
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    1江苏省作物基因组学和分子育种重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心/生物育种钟山实验室/扬州大学农学院,江苏 扬州 225009

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马鸿翔(1965-),https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1509-7105,教授,主要从事小麦遗传育种研究工作,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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