麦类作物学报

基于APSIM模型的陇中旱地春小麦保护性耕作水分生产力模拟

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赵位 ¹^,² , 李玲玲 ¹^,² , 张元红 ¹^,² , 祝榛 ¹^,² , 吴虎涛 ¹^,²

麦类作物学报 | 生理、生态与栽培 2026,46(10): 1399-1412

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麦类作物学报 |生理、生态与栽培 2026 , 46 (10) : 1399 -1412

基于APSIM模型的陇中旱地春小麦保护性耕作水分生产力模拟

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赵位¹^,², 李玲玲¹^,², 张元红¹^,², 祝榛¹^,², 吴虎涛¹^,²

作者信息

^1.甘肃农业大学农学院，甘肃兰州　730070

^2.干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室，甘肃兰州　730070

通讯作者:

E-mail：lill@gsau.edu.cn（李玲玲）

zhangyuanh@gsau.edu.cn（张元红）

作者简介:

E-mail：3030727494@qq.com（赵位）

Simulation of Water Productivity under Conservation Tillage for Spring Wheat in Dryland Areas of Central Gansu Based on the APSIM Model

Wei Zhao¹^,², Lingling Li¹^,², Yuanhong Zhang¹^,², Zhen Zhu¹^,², Hutao Wu¹^,²

Affiliations

^1.College of Agriculture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China

^2.State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China

出版时间: 2026-10-15 doi: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2026.10.14

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摘要

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为探究长期保护性耕作对春小麦水分生产力的影响，评估不同降水年型下耕作措施的产量稳定性，依托甘肃农业大学定西旱作农业综合实验站2001年设立的长期保护性耕作定位试验，设置传统耕作（T）、免耕（NT）、传统耕作+秸秆翻入（TS）、免耕+秸秆覆盖（NTS）4个处理，利用2024—2025年的田间试验数据对APSIM模型进行校准和验证，应用该模型对2002—2025年不同耕作措施下土壤有机碳及春小麦的水分生产力进行模拟。结果表明，APSIM模型在研究区具有较好的预测精度和适应性，2024-2025年春小麦物候期的观测值与模拟值的归一化均方根误差（NRMSE）均小于15%；两年间不同耕作措施下春小麦产量模拟值与实测值均呈显著正相关，决定系数分别为0.899和0.978，NRMSE分别为4.6%和2.3%，一致性指数均大于0.90；模型模拟的春小麦全生育期土壤储水量与实测值的NRMSE分别为6.5%和7.2%，说明该模型能够较准确模拟麦田土壤水分生产力相关指标。经长期（2002-2025）模拟，降水是影响该地区春小麦生产的关键因素。农田生产力的稳定性和可持续性在平水年最高，枯水年最低；丰水年和平水年间春小麦产量无显著差异，但均显著高于枯水年，增幅分别为23.2%和22.4%；不同降水年型下免耕秸秆覆盖表现出显著优势，具体表现为0~30 cm土层土壤有机碳储量以及春小麦产量和水分利用效率均高于其他耕作措施，且在应对水分不足时，表现出较好的产量稳定性与农田生产可持续性。综合来看，免耕秸秆覆盖是适宜当地作物高产、稳产的有效耕作措施。

关键词

陇中旱农区 / 春小麦 / APSIM模型 / 耕作措施 / 水分生产力

Abstract

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To investigate the impact of long-term conservation tillage on spring wheat water productivity and evaluate yield stability under different precipitation patterns, this study utilised a long-term conservation tillage plot trial established in 2001 at the Dingxi Dryland Agriculture Comprehensive Experimental Station of Gansu Agricultural University. Four treatments were implemented: conventional tillage (T), no-tillage (NT), conventional tillage with straw incorporation (TS), and no-tillage with straw mulching (NTS). Field data from 2024-2025 were used to calibrate and validate the APSIM model, which was then applied to simulate soil organic carbon and spring wheat water productivity under different tillage practices from 2002 to 2025. The results showed that the APSIM model demonstrated good accuracy and adaptability in the study area, with the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) between observed and simulated phenological phase values of spring wheatt in 2024-2025 below 15%. Simulated spring wheat yield under different tillage practices showed significantly positive correlations with observed values over the two years, with coefficients of determination of 0.899 and 0.978, respectively. The NRMSE was 4.6% and 2.3%, respectively, and the coefficient of determination exceeded 0.90 in all cases. The NRMSE between model-simulated and observed soil water storage throughout the spring wheat growth period was 6.5% and 7.2%, respectively, indicating the model's capability to accurately simulate indicators related to soil moisture productivity in wheat fields. Long-term simulation results indicated precipitation was the key factor influencing spring wheat production in this region. Farmland productivity stability and sustainability peaked in normal-precipitation years and were lowest in drought years. Spring wheat yield showed no significant difference between wet and normal years but was markedly higher than that in drought years, with an increase rate of 23.2% and 22.4%, respectively. The no-tillage straw mulching (NTS) treatment demonstrated significant advantages under various tillage practices and precipitation patterns. Specifically, it exhibited higher organic carbon storage (0-30 cm), yield, and water use efficiency than other treatments. Moreover, it demonstrated superior yield stability and field sustainability when confronting water shortages. Over all no-tillage straw mulching is an effective tillage practice suitable for achieving high and stable crop yield in the local context.

Key words

Arid farming region of central Gansu / Spring wheat / APSIM model / Tillage practices / Water productivity

引用本文

赵位, 李玲玲, 张元红, 祝榛, 吴虎涛. 基于APSIM模型的陇中旱地春小麦保护性耕作水分生产力模拟. 麦类作物学报, 2026 , 46 (10) : 1399 -1412 . DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2026.10.14

Wei Zhao, Lingling Li, Yuanhong Zhang, Zhen Zhu, Hutao Wu. Simulation of Water Productivity under Conservation Tillage for Spring Wheat in Dryland Areas of Central Gansu Based on the APSIM Model[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2026 , 46 (10) : 1399 -1412 . DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2026.10.14

基金

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甘肃省基础研究创新群体项目(25JRRA807)
国家自然科学基金项目(32260549; 32572472)
甘肃农业大学引进人才专项(GAU-KYQD-2023-13)

参考文献

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2026年第46卷第10期

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doi: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2026.10.14

接收时间：2026-02-07
首发时间：2026-10-27
出版时间：2026-10-15

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收稿日期：2026-02-07
修回日期：2026-03-07

基金

甘肃省基础研究创新群体项目(25JRRA807)

国家自然科学基金项目(32260549; 32572472)

甘肃农业大学引进人才专项(GAU-KYQD-2023-13)

作者信息

^1.甘肃农业大学农学院，甘肃兰州　730070

^2.干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室，甘肃兰州　730070

通讯作者:

E-mail：lill@gsau.edu.cn（李玲玲）

zhangyuanh@gsau.edu.cn（张元红）

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/mlzwxb/CN/10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2026.10.14

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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