麦类作物学报

光伏板对滨海盐碱地不同小麦品种光合与产量的影响

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孙一 ¹ , 任梦瑶 ² , 刘全凤 ¹ , 梁佳慧 ² , 梁恩浩 ² , 郭维新 ¹ , 封晓辉 ³ , 李晓刚 ²

麦类作物学报 | 生理、生态与栽培 2026,46(8): 1093-1101

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麦类作物学报 |生理、生态与栽培 2026 , 46 (8) : 1093 -1101

光伏板对滨海盐碱地不同小麦品种光合与产量的影响

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孙一¹, 任梦瑶², 刘全凤¹, 梁佳慧², 梁恩浩², 郭维新¹, 封晓辉³, 李晓刚²

作者信息

^1．沧州市农林科学院，河北沧州 061001

^2．河北农业大学，河北保定 071001

^3．中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心，河北石家庄 050021

通讯作者:

E-mail: xiaogang1217@126.com（李晓刚）

作者简介:

E-mail: sunyi107@163.com（孙一）

Effects of Shading by Tracking Photovoltaic Panels on Photosynthesis and Yield of Different Wheat Cultivars in Coastal Saline-Alkali Soil

Yi Sun¹, Mengyao Ren², Quanfeng Liu¹, Jiahui Liang², Enhao Liang², Weixin Guo¹, Xiaohui Feng³, Xiaogang Li²

Affiliations

^1.Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, China

^2.Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China

^3.Center for Agricultural Resources Research, IGDB, CAS, Shijiangzhuang, Hebei 050021, China

出版时间: 2026-08-15 doi: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2026.08.10

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摘要

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为阐明追踪式光伏板遮荫对滨海盐碱地冬小麦生长的影响并筛选耐荫品种，以冬小麦品种衡麦27、捷麦19和铜麦6号为材料，在南北走向、板间距10 m的光伏阵列间，自西向东每2 m设一种植带（S_0-2至S_8-10），测定小麦旗叶光合参数、叶绿素荧光特性及产量构成。结果表明：（1）光伏板遮荫具有显著的空间梯度效应。中心种植带（S_4-6）的小麦净光合速率（P_n）最高，其中衡麦27的P_n达到18 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，边缘区下降约22%。品种间光合特性存在显著差异，其中衡麦27的P_n与气孔导度（G_s）高且稳定，捷麦19的P_n仅6~8 μmol·m^-2·s^-1（为衡麦27的40%~50%）且波动平缓；铜麦6号的P_n波动剧烈。光合峰值时间由种植区域中心向两侧延迟，反映出追踪式光伏板的时滞效应。G_s、P_n的日变化与蒸腾速率（T_r）高度同步，印证气孔是小麦光合与水分散失的关键调控位点。结合胞间CO₂浓度（C_i）分析，衡麦27的G_s与C_i均高，其光合属非气孔限制高效型；捷麦19的C_i最高，但P_n最低，其光合属光反应限制型；铜麦6号G_s波动大且后期C_i升高，其光合属气孔与光反应双重限制型。（2）品种间叶绿素荧光特性存在差异，反映了其光化学适应策略分化。衡麦27和铜麦6号的PSⅡ最大光化学效率（F_v/F_m，约0.82）和实际光化学效率（Φ_PSⅡ）均显著高于捷麦19（F_v/F_m仅约0.75，P< 0.05）。衡麦27初始荧光（F_o）低，PSⅡ基态稳定；铜麦6号F_o偏高，提示反应中心存在可逆性损伤；捷麦19可变荧光（F_v）最稳定，但F_v/F_m最低，主要依赖热耗散实现光保护。（3）品种与种植带互作对千粒重、产量、生物量及收获指数均有极显著影响（P< 0.01），其中千粒重对遮荫响应最敏感。衡麦27千粒重降幅最小（2%~7%），中心种植带S_4-6的产量达到5 309.32 kg·hm^-2，收获指数稳定（50.23%~51.54%），库源协调；捷麦19在轻度遮荫下千粒重稳定，但种植带S_4-6的收获指数为46.03%，表现为生物量增加而库源失衡；铜麦6号千粒重降幅最大（8%~18%），种植带S_4-6的产量仅3 475.82 kg·hm^-2，较衡麦27低34.5%。综上，气孔限制主导光合变异。衡麦27为高效利用型耐荫品种，最适合光伏板下种植；捷麦19具较强光保护能力，可作备选品种；铜麦6号耐荫性弱，不宜光伏板下种植。

关键词

盐碱地 / 农光互补 / 光合作用 / 叶绿素荧光 / 产量

Abstract

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To clarify the effects of tracking photovoltaic (PV) panel shading on winter wheat growth in coastal saline-alkali land and screen shade-tolerant varieties, three wheat varieties (Hengmai 27, Jiemai 19, and Tongmai 6) were used as materials. In the photovoltaic array with a north-south orientation and a panel spacing of 10 m, planting areas (S_0-2 to S_8-10) were set every 2 m from west to east. The flag leaf photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and yield components were determined. The results showed that: (1) PV panel shading exhibited a significant spatial gradient effect. The net photosynthetic rate (P_n) was highest in the central planting area S_4-6, reaching 18 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 in Hengmai 27, while edge planting areas showed a reduction rate of approximately 22%. There were significant differences in photosynthetic characteristics among varieties: Hengmai 27 maintained high and stable P_n and stomatal conductance (G_s); Jiemai 19 showed low P_n (6-8 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, only 40%-50% of Hengmai 27) but gentle fluctuations; Tongmai 6 exhibited severe fluctuations in P_n with a reduction rate exceeding 50%. Photosynthetic peak time delayed from the central belt toward both planting areas, reflecting the time-lag effect of east-west tracking PV panels. The high consistency among G_s, P_n, and transpiration rate (T_r) confirmed that stomata are the key regulators of photosynthesis and water loss. Hengmai 27, with high intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) and G_s, belonged to the non-stomatal limitation type; Jiemai 19, with the highest C_i but the lowest P_n, belonged to the photochemical limitation type; Tongmai 6, with fluctuating G_s and elevated C_i in late stage, belonged to the combined stomatal and photochemical limitation type. (2) The differences of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters among varieties revealed divergent photochemical adaptation strategies. The PSⅡ maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m) and actual photochemical efficiency (Φ_PSⅡ) of Hengmai 27 and Tongmai 6 were significantly higher than those of Jiemai 19 (P<0.05). However, Hengmai 27 had low initial fluorescence (F_o) with stable PS II basal state, while Tongmai 6 had high F_o indicating reversible damage to reaction centers. Jiemai 19 showed the most stable variable fluorescence (F_v) but the lowest F_v/F_m, adopting a defensive strategy dominated by thermal dissipation. (3) Yield analysis showed that the interaction of variety and planting area had significant effects on thousand-grain weight, grain yield, biomass, and harvest index (P<0.01), among which 1 000-grain weight was the most sensitive to shading. Hengmai 27 showed the smallest reduction in thousand-grain weight (2%-7%), with grain yield of 5 309.32 kg·hm^-2 and stable harvest index (50.23%-51.54%) in S_4-6, indicating coordinated source-sink relations. Jiemai 19 showed no significant change in thousand-grain weight under mild shading, but harvest index decreased to 46.03% in S_4-6, presenting source-sink imbalance with increased biomass but reduced harvest index. Tongmai 6 showed the largest reduction in thousand-grain weight (8%-18%), with grain yield of only 3 475.82 kg·hm^-2 in S_4-6, 34.5% lower than that of Hengmai 27. In conclusion, stomatal limitation is the main regulatory factor of photosynthetic variation. Hengmai 27 is a high-efficiency shade-tolerant variety, which is most suitable for planting in photovoltaic shading areas; Jiemai 19 has strong photoprotection ability and can be used as an alternative; Tongmai 6 has weak shade tolerance and is not suitable for the current conditions.

Key words

Saline-alkali land / Agrivoltaics / Photosynthesis / Chlorophyll fluorescence / Grain yield

引用本文

孙一, 任梦瑶, 刘全凤, 梁佳慧, 梁恩浩, 郭维新, 封晓辉, 李晓刚. 光伏板对滨海盐碱地不同小麦品种光合与产量的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2026 , 46 (8) : 1093 -1101 . DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2026.08.10

Yi Sun, Mengyao Ren, Quanfeng Liu, Jiahui Liang, Enhao Liang, Weixin Guo, Xiaohui Feng, Xiaogang Li. Effects of Shading by Tracking Photovoltaic Panels on Photosynthesis and Yield of Different Wheat Cultivars in Coastal Saline-Alkali Soil[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2026 , 46 (8) : 1093 -1101 . DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2026.08.10

基金

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河北省重大科技支撑计划项目(242N6402Z)

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2026年第46卷第8期

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文章信息

doi: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2026.08.10

接收时间：2026-04-15
首发时间：2026-09-11
出版时间：2026-08-15

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收稿日期：2026-04-15
修回日期：2026-05-12

基金

河北省重大科技支撑计划项目(242N6402Z)

作者信息

^1．沧州市农林科学院，河北沧州 061001

^2．河北农业大学，河北保定 071001

^3．中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心，河北石家庄 050021

通讯作者:

E-mail: xiaogang1217@126.com（李晓刚）

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/mlzwxb/CN/10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2026.08.10

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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