麦类作物学报

不同秋播时期对冬春性小麦幼穗发育及产量和品质的影响

PDF下载

田汉钊 ¹ , 牟丽明 ² , 王一钊 ¹ , 应开 ¹ , 孟天琪 ¹ , Zaika Vitaly Valerievich ³ , Vladimir Shvidchenko ³ , 张正茂 ¹ , 刘玉秀 ¹

麦类作物学报 | 生理、生态与栽培 2025,45(3): 366-377

收起

麦类作物学报 |生理、生态与栽培 2025 , 45 (3) : 366 -377

不同秋播时期对冬春性小麦幼穗发育及产量和品质的影响

全屏

田汉钊¹, 牟丽明², 王一钊¹, 应开¹, 孟天琪¹, Zaika Vitaly Valerievich³, Vladimir Shvidchenko³, 张正茂¹, 刘玉秀¹

作者信息

^1．西北农林科技大学农学院，陕西杨凌 712100

^2．甘肃省定西市农业科学研究院，甘肃定西 743000

^3．North Kazakhstan Agricultural Experimental Station, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, North Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan

通讯作者:

E-mail: yxliu@nwsuaf.edu.cn（刘玉秀）

作者简介:

E-mail: tianhanzhao2021@163.com（田汉钊）

muliming2790@163.com（牟丽明）

Effect of Different Autumn Sowing Time on Young Spike Development, Yield and Quality of Winter and Spring Wheat

Hanzhao TIAN¹, Liming MU², Yizhao WANG¹, Kai YING¹, Tianqi MENG¹, Zaika Vitaly Valerievich³, Vladimir Shvidchenko³, Zhengmao ZHANG¹, Yuxiu LIU¹

Affiliations

^1.College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China

^2.Gansu Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi, Gansu 743000, China

^3.North Kazakhstan Agricultural Experimental Station, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, North Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan

出版时间: 2025-03-15 doi: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2025.03.10

文章导航

摘要

收起

为给小麦生产调控和引种提供参考依据，以9个冬春性小麦品种（来自中国及哈萨克斯坦）为材料，研究不同时期秋播[播期提前13 d（S1），正常播期（S2），播期推迟13 d（S3）]对冬春性小麦幼穗分化进程、产量及品质的影响。结果表明，同一播期下，春性小麦幼穗分化进度快于冬性小麦；中国冬性小麦幼穗分化进度慢于哈萨克斯坦冬性小麦，而春性小麦快于哈萨克斯坦春性小麦。冬春性小麦的幼穗发育时间随播期推迟而整体缩短。在3个播期条件下，哈萨克斯坦春麦整体的幼穗发育进度慢于国内春麦；在S1和S2播期下，哈萨克斯坦春麦单棱期和二棱期持续时间明显长于国内春麦；在S3播期下，国内冬麦单棱期持续时间最短，哈萨克斯坦冬麦单棱期和二棱期持续时间最短。不同冬春性小麦的产量及产量构成因素对播期的响应也存在差异。随播期推迟，冬性小麦穗数、穗粒数、千粒重和产量均呈下降趋势；春麦穗粒数呈下降趋势，而千粒重和产量呈上升趋势。播期变化对冬性小麦的籽粒粗蛋白和湿面筋含量有一定影响，国内冬性小麦的籽粒粗蛋白和湿面筋含量随播期推迟而下降，而哈萨克斯坦冬性小麦则上升。在小麦糊化特性方面，随着播期推迟，国内冬麦峰值粘度、稀懈值呈下降趋势，最终粘度呈上升趋势；哈萨克斯坦冬麦峰值粘度、保持粘度先下降后上升，最终粘度、回升值呈上升趋势；春麦糊化特性指标除稀懈值外均成呈上升趋势，国内春麦稀懈值呈下降趋势，哈萨克斯坦春麦稀懈值呈上升趋势。适当早播可以提高冬麦产量与糊化品质，促进国内冬麦蛋白质积累；适当推迟播期可以明显缩短冬春性小麦的幼穗发育时间，提高春麦产量与糊化品质，有利于哈萨克斯坦冬麦蛋白质积累，因此适期播种有利于不同冬春性小麦的幼穗发育以及产量和品质提升。

关键词

小麦 / 冬春性 / 播期 / 幼穗分化 / 产量

Abstract

收起

Nine different winter and spring wheats (from China and Kazakhstan) were used as materials, the effects of autumn sowing at different periods［13 days ahead of sowing date (S1), normal sowing date (S2) and sowing date delay 13 days (S3)］ on the differentiation process, yield, and quality were investigated to provide references for wheat production regulation and introduction. The results showed on the same sowing date, the young spikes differentiation progress of spring wheat was faster than that of winter wheat. Young spike of winter wheat from Kazakhstan had faster differentiation progress than that from China, but the slower progress was found for spring wheat from Kazakhstan, comparing with Chinese spring wheat. With the delay of sowing date, the development time of winter and spring wheat spike was shortened. Under S1, S2 and S3 conditions, the young spike development of spring wheat from Kazakhstan was slower than that of Chinese spring wheat. Under S1 and S2 conditions, an obviously longer duration of single and double ridge stage was found for spike of spring wheat from Kazakhstan, comparing to that from China. Under S3 conditions, winter wheat from China had the shortest duration of the single ridge stage, while from Kazakhstan had the shortest duration of the single and double ridge stage. The response of grain yield and its components of winter and spring wheat to sowing date were also different. With the sowing date delayed, spikes number, kernels number per spike, thousand-kernel weight and grain yield of winter wheat were reduced, while spring wheat had a reduced spikes number, an increased thousand-kernel weight and grain yield. The change of sowing date had some effect on the grain protein and wet gluten content. With the delay of sowing date, grain protein and wet gluten content of Chinese winter wheat were reduced, but an opposite trend was found for wheat from Kazakhstan. For pasting properties, Chinese winter wheat had a reduced peak viscosity and breakdown, and an increased final viscosity with delayed sowing, while for winter wheat from Kazakhstan, peak viscosity and holding viscosity was initially decreased and then increased, and final viscosity and setback were increased. With the dalaying sowing date delayed, except for breakdown, pasting properties value of spring wheat showed an increasing trend. The breakdown of Chinese spring wheat was decreased, but an increased in breakdown was found for spring wheat from Kazakhstan. Yield and quality of different winter and spring wheat could be improved by appropriately adjusting sowing date. The results indicate early sowing could improve yield and gelatinization quality of winter wheat, and promote the protein accumulation of domestic winter wheat, while delay sowing time could obviously shorten the development time of young Spike, and improve the yield and gelatinization quality of spring wheat, conducing to protein accumulation of winter wheat in Kazakhstan. Thus, suitable sowing is beneficial to young spike development, yield and quality improvement of different winter and spring wheat.

Key words

Wheat / Winter-spring characteristic / Sowing date / Spike differentiation / Yield

引用本文

田汉钊, 牟丽明, 王一钊, 应开, 孟天琪, Zaika Vitaly Valerievich, Vladimir Shvidchenko, 张正茂, 刘玉秀. 不同秋播时期对冬春性小麦幼穗发育及产量和品质的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2025 , 45 (3) : 366 -377 . DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2025.03.10

Hanzhao TIAN, Liming MU, Yizhao WANG, Kai YING, Tianqi MENG, Zaika Vitaly Valerievich, Vladimir Shvidchenko, Zhengmao ZHANG, Yuxiu LIU. Effect of Different Autumn Sowing Time on Young Spike Development, Yield and Quality of Winter and Spring Wheat[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2025 , 45 (3) : 366 -377 . DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2025.03.10

基金

收起

中哈小麦技术创新与产业化基地项目(2020GHJD-17)
优质旱地小麦新品种选育及普冰322的示范推广项目(TGZX2021-9)
抗旱抗逆优质丰产小麦新种质创制和品种培育项目(22CX8NJ152)

参考文献

收起

文献

收起

参考文献引证文献

排序方式：

2025年第45卷第3期

PDF下载

引用本文

BibTeX

文章信息

doi: 10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2025.03.10

接收时间：2024-01-13
首发时间：2026-09-11
出版时间：2025-03-15

补充材料

相关文章

文章信息

作者

出版历史

收稿日期：2024-01-13
修回日期：2024-03-30

基金

中哈小麦技术创新与产业化基地项目(2020GHJD-17)

优质旱地小麦新品种选育及普冰322的示范推广项目(TGZX2021-9)

抗旱抗逆优质丰产小麦新种质创制和品种培育项目(22CX8NJ152)

作者信息

^1．西北农林科技大学农学院，陕西杨凌 712100

^2．甘肃省定西市农业科学研究院，甘肃定西 743000

^3．North Kazakhstan Agricultural Experimental Station, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, North Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan

通讯作者:

E-mail: yxliu@nwsuaf.edu.cn（刘玉秀）

参考文献

分享链接

https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/mlzwxb/CN/10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2025.03.10

分享至

全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文

BibTeX

本文的引用情况

2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

关闭全屏

BibTeX
EndNote
RefWorks
TxT